Bibliographies thématiques / Wildfire behaviour

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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Wildfire behaviour »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 9 mars 2023
Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Artés, Tomàs, Marc Castellnou, Tracy Houston Durrant et Jesús San-Miguel. « Wildfire–atmosphere interaction index for extreme-fire behaviour ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 22, no 2 (16 février 2022) : 509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-509-2022.

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Abstract. During the last 20 years extreme wildfires have challenged firefighting capabilities. Often, the prediction of the extreme behaviour is essential for the safety of citizens and firefighters. Currently, there are several fire danger indices routinely used by firefighting services, but they are not suited to forecast extreme-wildfire behaviour at the global scale. This article proposes a new fire danger index, the extreme-fire behaviour index (EFBI), based on the analysis of the vertical profiles of the atmosphere above wildfires as an addition to the use of traditional fire danger indices. The EFBI evaluates the ease of interaction between wildfires and the atmosphere that could lead to deep moist convection and erratic and extreme wildfires. Results of this research through the analysis of some of the critical fires in the last years show that the EFBI can potentially be used to provide valuable information to identify convection-driven fires and to enhance fire danger rating schemes worldwide.
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Donovan, Victoria M., Carissa L. Wonkka, David A. Wedin et Dirac Twidwell. « Land-Use Type as a Driver of Large Wildfire Occurrence in the U.S. Great Plains ». Remote Sensing 12, no 11 (9 juin 2020) : 1869. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12111869.

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Wildfire activity has surged in North America’s temperate grassland biome. Like many biomes, this system has undergone drastic land-use change over the last century; however, how various land-use types contribute to wildfire patterns in grassland systems is unclear. We determine if certain land-use types have a greater propensity for large wildfire in the U.S. Great Plains and how this changes given the percentage of land covered by a given land-use type. Almost 90% of the area burned in the Great Plains occurred in woody and grassland land-use types. Although grassland comprised the greatest area burned by large wildfires, woody vegetation burned disproportionately more than any other land-use type in the Great Plains. Wildfires were more likely to occur when woody vegetation composed greater than 20% of the landscape. Wildfires were unlikely to occur in croplands, pasture/hay fields, and developed areas. Although these patterns varied by region, wildfire was most likely to occur in woody vegetation and/or grassland in 13 of 14 ecoregions we assessed. Because woody vegetation is more conducive to extreme wildfire behaviour than other land-use types in the Great Plains, woody encroachment could pose a large risk for increasing wildfire exposure. Regional planning could leverage differential wildfire activity across land-uses to devise targeted approaches that decrease human exposure in a system prone to fire.
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Garvey, Nathan, Dror Ben-Ami, Daniel Ramp et David B. Croft. « Survival behaviour of swamp wallabies during prescribed burning and wildfire ». Wildlife Research 37, no 1 (2010) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr08029.

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Context. Prescribed (or controlled) burning is frequently advocated as a means of reducing fuel loads in peri-urban forests to minimise the risk of high-intensity wildfires. An important consideration in prescribed burns is the impact on native wildlife. Aims. An opportunity arose to follow the movements of radio-collared peri-urban swamp wallabies during a prescribed burn and after an unexpected wildfire in the same location a short time later. Movement data was used to assess the relative impacts of the prescribed burn and wildfire on mortality, emigration and habitat use; the behavioural responses and methods of avoidance used by swamp wallabies in response to an oncoming fire front; and the management implications for wildlife that inhabit fire-prone habitats in proximity to human settlement where wildfire mitigation is necessary. Methods. Here we report on the movements of radio-collared swamp wallabies, Wallabia bicolor, before, during and after a prescribed fire and after a wildfire on the same site 6 months later. Key results. No radio-collared swamp wallabies were killed during the prescribed burn and only one wallaby was observed to emigrate from the area post-fire. This contrasted to the wildfire where one wallaby died during or just after the fire and another perished in the post-fire environment a few months later. The wildfire also increased emigration post-fire. Conclusions. We demonstrate that wallabies can avoid fire fronts and that this avoidance behaviour may be more successful during cooler fires. The prescribed burn provided a suitable habitat for wallabies but did not result in a shift in habitat preference. Implications. Mitigation of the impact of prescribed burns on swamp wallabies may be achieved by allowing sufficient time for habitat complexity to re-establish between burns.
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Noble, JC. « Behaviour of a Very Fast Grassland Wildfire on the Riverine Plain of Southeastern Australia. » International Journal of Wildland Fire 1, no 3 (1991) : 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf9910189.

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A grassland wildfire burnt 120,000 ha in the western Riverina of New South Wales and caused exten sive losses of sheep and fencing. The rate of spread of the fire was accurately recorded at 6.4 m s-1 (23 km h-1) as it traversed one property and on the basis of conservative estimates of fuel loads measured later on unburnt patches, a fireline intensity was calculated at around 20,000 kW m-1. This rate of spread is one of the highest recorded for grassland wildfires in southern Australia and represents an important datum point for wildfire behaviour models. Quite reasonable predictions of rate of spread were pro vided by the McArthur Mark 4 fire danger model, how ever, the Mark 5 model seriously underestimated rate of spread for this and two other grassland wildfires.
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Kelso, Joel K., Drew Mellor, Mary E. Murphy et George J. Milne. « Techniques for evaluating wildfire simulators via the simulation of historical fires using the AUSTRALIS simulator ». International Journal of Wildland Fire 24, no 6 (2015) : 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf14047.

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A methodology for validating fire spread simulation systems using historical fire data is presented. The key features of this methodology are (a) quantitative comparison between simulator-generated fire perimeters and fire perimeters from an independently produced fire reconstruction at multiple time points during the fire, and (b) extensive sensitivity analyses on simulation variables including simulation spatial resolution, weather, vegetation coverage and fire behaviour model selection to determine the effect of each simulation input on the simulation output. The methodology is demonstrated in a case study in which the ability of the Australis high-performance wildfire simulator to replicate a large wildfire in Western Australia was examined. Simulation accuracy was found to be lower in extreme fire danger conditions and exhibited under-prediction of the head fire rate of spread. This was caused by inaccuracies in at least one of wind speed data, vegetation data or the fire behaviour model applied; however, the source of the inaccuracy could not be further diagnosed with the available data. The gathering of accurate data during and after active wildfires would facilitate more rigorous simulator and fire behaviour model validation studies as well as more accurate prediction of ‘live’ wildfires.
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Sidman, Gabriel, D. Phillip Guertin, David C. Goodrich, David Thoma, Donald Falk et I. Shea Burns. « A coupled modelling approach to assess the effect of fuel treatments on post-wildfire runoff and erosion ». International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, no 3 (2016) : 351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf14058.

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The hydrological consequences of wildfires are among their most significant and long-lasting effects. As wildfire severity affects post-fire hydrological response, fuel treatments can be a useful tool for land managers to moderate this response. However, current models focus on only one aspect of the fire–watershed linkage (fuel treatments, fire behaviour, fire severity, watershed responses). This study outlines a spatial modelling approach that couples three models used sequentially to allow managers to model the effects of fuel treatments on post-fire hydrological responses. Case studies involving a planned prescribed fire at Zion National Park and a planned mechanical thinning at Bryce Canyon National Park were used to demonstrate the approach. Fuel treatments were modelled using FuelCalc and FlamMap within the Wildland Fire Assessment Tool (WFAT). The First Order Fire Effects Model (FOFEM) within WFAT was then used to evaluate the effectiveness of the fuel treatments by modelling wildfires on both treated and untreated landscapes. Post-wildfire hydrological response was then modelled using KINEROS2 within the Automated Geospatial Watershed Assessment tool (AGWA). This coupled model approach could help managers estimate the effect of planned fuel treatments on wildfire severity and post-wildfire runoff or erosion, and compare various fuel treatment scenarios to optimise resources and maximise mitigation results.
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Bentley, P. D., et T. D. Penman. « Is there an inherent conflict in managing fire for people and conservation ? » International Journal of Wildland Fire 26, no 6 (2017) : 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf16150.

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Wildfires are a natural disturbance in many ecosystems, creating challenges for land management agencies who need to simultaneously reduce risk to people and maintain ecological values. Here we use the PHOENIX RapidFire fire behaviour simulator to compare fuel treatment strategies that meet the twin objectives of reducing wildfire risk to human settlements and a fire sensitive endangered species, the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) in south-eastern Australia. The local koala population is in decline and a conservation management plan is being prepared to exclude wildfire for a 10-year period to assist with population recovery. Twelve scenarios developed by the land management agencies were compared using four indicators: wildfire size; burn probability; impact from exposure to fire; and treatment cost. Compared with the current risk setting, three treatment scenarios were found to reduce wildfire size and burn probability concurrently to both people and koalas. These strategies worked by increasing the landscape area treated, which came with increased financial cost. However, the impact from exposure to fire for both property and koala habitat remains high. Additional complementary strategies beyond landscape fuel reductions are needed to reduce impact from exposure in the event of a wildfire.
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Davies, Kirk W., Chad S. Boyd, Jon D. Bates et April Hulet. « Winter grazing can reduce wildfire size, intensity and behaviour in a shrub-grassland ». International Journal of Wildland Fire 25, no 2 (2016) : 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf15055.

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An increase in mega-fires and wildfires is a global issue that is expected to become worse with climate change. Fuel treatments are often recommended to moderate behaviour and decrease severity of wildfires; however, the extensive nature of rangelands limits the use of many treatments. Dormant-season grazing has been suggested as a rangeland fuel treatment, but its effects on fire characteristics are generally unknown. We investigated the influence of dormant-season (winter) grazing by cattle (Bos taurus) on fuel characteristics, fire behaviour and area burned in Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. wyomingensis) shrub-grassland communities in south-eastern Oregon, USA. Winter grazing was applied for 5 years before burning and compared with ungrazed areas. Winter grazing decreased fine fuels and increased fine fuel moisture, which reduced flame height and depth, rate of spread and area burned. Winter-grazed areas also had lower maximum temperature and heat loading during fires than ungrazed areas, and thereby decreased risk of fire-induced mortality of important herbaceous functional groups. These results suggest that winter grazing may be a fuel management treatment that can be applied across vast shrub-grasslands to decrease wildfire risk and fire intensity to mediate climate change effects on wildfire activity.
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Hilton, James, et Nikhil Garg. « Rapid wind–terrain correction for wildfire simulations ». International Journal of Wildland Fire 30, no 6 (2021) : 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf20062.

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Modelling the propagation of wildfires requires an accurate wind field to correctly predict the behaviour of the fire. Although numerical weather prediction models produce reliable and accurate mesoscale forecasts, these are typically either available at a spatial resolution many times greater than the typical resolution of a wildfire model or a spot forecast that must be spatially interpolated to the area of the modelled wildfire. Due to this, these forecasts may not account for fine-scale terrain interactions with the wind and must be downscaled to a higher spatial resolution before use in a wildfire model. These downscaling methods are typically computationally intensive, limiting their use for situations where rapid predictions are required. Despite this, a three-dimensional mass balancing method is commonly used in wildfire prediction as a preprocessing step. In this study we show that this mass balancing method can be reduced to a two-dimensional approach, greatly reducing the complexity and computational time required for the model. The two-dimensional method is compared with the existing three-dimensional method and experimentally measured datasets. Furthermore, a combination of rapid numerical solution techniques and modern computational processors allow these wind–terrain correction methods to be directly incorporated into wildfire propagation models.
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Ghodrat, Maryam, Farshad Shakeriaski, Sayyed Aboozar Fanaee et Albert Simeoni. « Software-Based Simulations of Wildfire Spread and Wind-Fire Interaction ». Fire 6, no 1 (31 décembre 2022) : 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire6010012.

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Wildfires are complex phenomena, both in time and space, in ecosystems. The ability to understand wildfire dynamics and to predict the behaviour of the propagating fire is essential and at the same time a challenging practice. A common approach to investigate and predict such phenomena is making the most of power of numerical models and simulators. Improved and more accurate methods for simulating fire dynamics are indispensable to managing suppression plans and controlled burns, decreasing the fuel load and having a better assessment of wildfire risk mitigation methodologies. This paper is focused on the investigation of existing simulator models applicable in predicting wildfire spread and wind fire interaction. The available software packages are outlined with their broad range of applications in fire dynamic modeling. Significance of each work and associated shortcomings are critically reviewed. Finally, advanced simulations and designs, accurate assumptions, and considerations for improving the numerical simulations, existing knowledge gaps in scientific research and suggestions to achieve more efficient developments in this area are revisited.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Moir, Shaun Alexander. « Drivers of wildfire behaviour, severity and magnitude in the Limietberg conservation area : understanding the complexity of wildfire risk ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95810.

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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The Western Cape Province in South Africa is home to one of the most diverse plant communities in the world, and has one of the highest concentrations of plants species in any temperate ecosystem in the world. The dominant vegetation is both fire-prone and fire-dependant (Van Wilgen & Scott 2001, Forsyth et al. 2010). The Western Cape in particular is emerging as a province that is increasingly prone to disaster events, particularly the threat of veld fires. The consequences of large wildfire disaster events are often devastating and far reaching (Van Wilgen & Scott 2001, Forsyth et al. 2010). This study was conducted in an attempt to investigate the drivers of wildfire behaviour, severity and magnitude in the Limietberg Conservation Area in order to gain a greater insight and understanding of the complexity of wildfire risk. Recognising the disaster prone character of the Western Cape and the increasing probabilities of future wildfire events in the province, this study aimed to strengthen the understanding of the drivers of wildland fire behaviour (i.e. wildland fire risk) in the Limietberg Conservation Area by analysing a number of fires to identify a range of drivers and patterns; examining the factors driving both fire danger and fire behaviour, including climate, topography, slope and fuel; examining the factors driving fire frequency and regime; and finally, determining possible ecological damage caused by the last 10 – 20 years of wildfire events in the Limietberg Conservation Area as measured by post-fire seedling ratios. This was achieved through the use of statistical techniques including multiple regression (McDonald 2009), ordination in the form of principal component analysis and non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (Clarke & Warwick 1994), and fieldwork in the form of post-fire regeneration (Proteaceae parent:seedling ratio) monitoring techniques (Bond et al. 1984; Vlok & Yeaton 2000; De Klerk et al. 2007). The results indicated that the interactions between factors driving fire danger and fire behaviour were indeed complex, being influenced mainly by meteorological variables (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed) but also quite strongly influenced by physical environmental factors (slope, topography). The use of ordination techniques in this sort of complex analysis was seen as extremely effective and its use in further fire research was strongly recommended.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Wes-Kaap provinsie in Suid-Afrika is die tuiste van een van die mees diverse plant gemeenskappe in die wêreld, en het een van die hoogste konsentrasies van plantspesies in enige gematigde ekosisteem in die wêreld. Die dominante plantegroei is beide vuur geneig en vuurafhanklik (Van Wilgen & Scott 2001, Forsyth et al. 2010). Die Wes-Kaap in die besonder is opkomende as 'n provinsie wat toenemend geneig is tot ramp gebeure, veral die bedreiging van veldbrande. Die gevolge van groot veldbrand rampgebeure is dikwels verwoestend en verreikend (Van Wilgen & Scott 2001, Forsyth et al. 2010). Hierdie studie is uitgevoer in 'n poging om die oorsake van veldbrande, die gedrag, erns en omvang daarvan in die Limietberg Bewaringsgebied vir groter insig en begrip van die kompleksiteit van veldbrand risiko te ondersoek. Hierdie studie erken die rampgeneigdheid van die Wes-Kaap en die toenemende waarskynlikheid van toekomstige veldbrande in die provinsie. Dit het ten doel gehad om die oorsake van veldvuur gedrag (bv. brand risiko) in die Limietberg Bewaringsgebied deur die ontleding van 'n aantal brande se oorsake en patrone te identifiseer; die ondersoek van faktore wat beide brandgevaar en vuurgedrag, bepaal insluitend klimaat, topografie, helling en brandstof; die ondersoek van faktore wat vuur frekwensie en regime; en uiteindelik die bepaling van moontlike ekologiese skade veroorsaak deur die laaste 10 - 20 jaar van veldbrand gebeure in die Limietberg Bewaringsgebied, soos gemeet deur navuur saailing verhoudings. Die doel is bereik deur die gebruik van statistiese tegnieke waaronder meervoudige regressie (McDonald 2009), ordening in die vorm van hoofkomponent analise en multi-dimensionele skaling (Clarke & Warwick 1994), en veldwerk in die vorm van navuur herlewing (Proteaceae ouer:saailing verhouding) moniteringstegnieke (Bond et al. 1984; Vlok & Yeaton 2000; De Klerk et al. 2007). Die resultate dui daarop dat die interaksies tussen faktore wat brandgevaar en vuurgedrag inderdaad kompleks aandryf is en hoofsaaklik beïnvloed word deur meteorologiese veranderlikes (temperatuur, relatiewe humiditeit, windspoed), maar ook baie sterk beïnvloed word deur fisiese omgewingsfaktore (helling, topografie). Die gebruik van ordeningstegnieke vir hierdie komplekse tipe analise is bevind as uiters effektief en die gebruik daarvan in verdere vuur navorsing word sterk aanbeveel.
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VOLTOLINA, DEBORA. « WILDLAND SURFACE FIRE BEHAVIOUR : A SPATIAL SIMULATION MODEL FOR OPERATIONAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/848088.

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Wildfires affect vegetation dynamics, geomorphological processes, biogeochemical cycles, atmospheric chemistry, and climate, posing a severe threat to human lives and activities interacting with the natural system. As both fire activity and wildland-urban interface exposure are expected to increase under future climate projections, the improvement of our ability to promptly predict wildland fire behaviour, in terms of expected intensity and geographic patterns, has become a tangible need. The general purpose of this research is to investigate on wildland surface fire behaviour simulation models and to support disaster managers in optimising decision making processes in wildfire risk management in a Mediterranean-type climate region, namely Sardinia, Italy. This project is intended to pursue two major objectives: (i) develop and validate a predictive spatially distributed wildland surface fire behaviour simulation model intended for operational use; (ii) design and implement a geospatial decision support system to provide decision makers with appropriate strategies and tools for an integrated wildland fire risk management. Predicting wildland surface fire behaviour requires a deep understanding of the influence of environmental parameters that act as drivers of the fire spread, including geomorphometrical variables, meteorological conditions, and fuel characteristics, on fire descriptors, such as the rate and direction of the maximum fire spread, the eccentricity of the ellipse approximating the fire shape, the intensity of the fire front, and the flame length. The Rothermel’s mathematical model for predicting surface fire spread in wildland fuels is currently the most extensively used method to estimate fire descriptors, especially for operational purposes. The application of the Rothermel’s model for simulating the behaviour of ongoing wildfires calls for the need of a technique for continuous monitoring of the spatiotemporal variability of weather conditions and fuel characteristics, such as fuel height, loading, and moisture content, in the pre-fire environment. Firstly, freely available data sources and remote sensing products and datasets have been investigated to define a pre-processing methodology for the near real-time estimation of the drivers of fire spread. Secondly, the need for flexibility in handling the equations of the Rothermel’s and associated models, together with the necessity of integrating corrections and updates, have led to an original implementation of a computer algorithm that evaluates the fire descriptors as defined by the extended Rothermel’s mathematical model. Then, a proxy model of this implementation has been developed using a machine learning ensemble method in order to analyse the interdependence of the drivers and to understand their relative importance in predicting fire descriptors. Furthermore, the proxy model for predicting fire spread across heterogeneous landscapes has been integrated into an agent-based simulation model developed to predict the surface fire behaviour and growth with the aim of providing fire management authorities with timely information on the expected progress of the fire front. Finally, the developed simulation model has been applied to and validated against historical wildfire events recorded in Sardinia, Italy, to evaluate its performance in terms of predictive capacity. The effects of fire suppression activities have also been simulated according to the availability of accurate information on timing and location of interventions that effectively extinguished the fire’s spread. As a whole, the developed wildland surface fire behaviour simulation model, together with the pre-processing methodology, have resulted in a satisfying accuracy in terms of quantitative agreement between modelled and observed patterns of fire growth. The adoption of the proxy model instead of its original implementation has guaranteed a significative reduction of the computing time in the face of a limited loss in accuracy at the scale of the analysis if compared with the original implementation of the Rothermel’s equations. Results of the validation suggest the model’s suitability for operational uses for predicting wildland surface fire behaviour. The predictive ability of the simulation model could reasonably benefit from the inclusion of some additional mathematical models simulating the potential evolution of the surface fire towards passive or active crown fires or spotting fires. Moreover, major improvements could be granted by implementing in the agent-based simulation model a wider range of fire suppression activities and techniques, ranging from ground to aerial interventions. The proposed predictive model could become a valid tool for the optimization of risk planning, prevention, and management activities. Within the context of this project, three modules of a geospatial decision support system have been designed and implemented with the aim of improving the efficiency of risk management strategies and reducing expected impacts and potential damage. The first module is a dynamic workflow of actions and represents the core of the decision support system. This module aims to guide decision makers in carrying out the procedures of the intervention model compliant with the legislative framework. The workflow is then supported by a second module, a customised version of a geographic information system with dynamic forms designed to support users with limited expertise in geodatabase management. This module will incorporate a structured relational geodatabase storing (i) scenarios of wildfire events, produced by means of the developed predictive wildland surface fire behaviour simulation model, (ii) existing institutional wildfire susceptibility, hazard, and risk maps, (iii) available resources and socioeconomic exposed values, and (iv) real-time data from field surveys. Finally, the decision support system will provide authorities and technicians with a third module composed by web applications for mobile field data collection and sharing. This research strived to investigate principles and accepted theories on the complex dynamics of wildland surface fire behaviour and to shed light on the need for a better understanding of the difference between real and simulated fire behaviour in terms of the importance of the drivers of fire spread in predicting fire spread and growth. The project also tried proposing solutions integrating remote sensing and machine learning techniques with the aim of improving the applicability of near real-time simulation models as well as the effectiveness of decision-making strategies.
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Davies, Gwilym Matthew. « Fire behaviour and impact on heather moorland ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2609.

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For roughly the past 200 years land-managers have used the practice of “muirburning” to manipulate the structure of heather (Calluna vulgaris) to create a patchwork of habitat structures able to provide forage and nesting sites for red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scoticus) as well as grazing for sheep (Ovis aries) and red deer (Cervus elaphus). This thesis investigates both the behaviour and impact of management fires in recognition of the need to develop multi-aim land management practices that ensure both continued productivity and protection of biodiversity in the face of climatic and environmental change. Fuel structure and loading are crucial controlling factors on both fire behaviour and impact governing both rate of spread and heat release to the ground surface. A visual obstruction method is developed that estimates total and fine fuel loading as well as the structure of the heather canopy. In order to adequately understand fire impact a dimensional analysis approach is taken to estimating the mass of burnt heather stems. Experiments at a number of spatial and temporal scales relate variation in heather fuel moisture content to stand structure and variation in weather conditions. Monitoring shows moisture contents to be relatively stable temporally, but spatially variable. Periods of extreme low moisture contents in early spring are associated with frozen ground, winter cuticle damage and physiological drought. Such conditions may have contributed to the large number of wildfires in 2003. A replicated plot design was used to investigate the effect of weather conditions and fuel loading on fire behaviour. An empirical approach is taken to fire behaviour modelling with equations describing rate of spread and fireline intensity being developed on the basis of fuel structure descriptors and windspeed. The theoretical negative correlation between fuel bed density and rate of spread is demonstrated to hold true for heather stands, while the impact of heterogeneity in fuel bed structure is also investigated. Redundancy Analysis is used to investigate the influence of multiple predictors on a number of aspects of fire behaviour including: rate of spread, fireline intensity, flame length and ground surface heating. Data from this and previous studies are used to ground-truth a number of fire behaviour prediction systems including BehavePlus and the Canadian Fire Behaviour Prediction System. Finally linkages between fire behaviour, fire severity and heather regeneration are investigated. A number of proxy measures of ‘Immediate Severity’ are tested and used to examine the influence of fires on plant regeneration. The post-fire development of stands is shown to relate primarily to stand age and structure before burning, and to post-fire substrates rather than variation in fire behaviour and severity.
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Jones, Christopher, Alix Rogstad, Stephen Campbell, David Peters, Dustie Aylor, Clifford Pearlberg, Judith Wood, Wendell Peacock et Arthur Elek. « Living with Wildfire : Homeowners' Firewise Guide for Arizona ». College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146953.

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20 pp.
Arizona Firewise Communities
This publication is an update and adaptation of the widely distributed Living with Fire publication created by the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension and Sierra Front Wildfire Cooperators in 1998. It is an interagency collaboration of the Arizona Firewise subcommittee of the Arizona Interagency Coordinating Group. It involved the combined efforts of the Arizona State Land Department, USDI Bureau of Indian Affairs, USDI Bureau of Land Management, USDI National Park Service, USDA Forest Service, USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, University of Arizona Cooperative Extension and Arizona Fire Chiefs Association. The need to revise the over seven-year old publication emerged from the subcommittees vision of building in concepts such as Firewise Zone Landscaping and Survivable Space, as well as to update the documents appearance and organization. Its purpose to provide a quality outreach tool to increase public aware concerning Firewise concepts and to encourage and facilitate the implementation of Firewise practices by communities, neighborhoods and property owners. Living with Wildfire is a twelve-page color tabloid that addresses the following topic areas important to homeowners: current situation; fire behavior and the human environment, and in various Arizona vegetation types; detailed recommendations for creating survivable space, including a checklist and landscape management zones; frequently asked questions; and emergency and evacuation guidelines. The tabloid is to be printed in bulk by federal partners and made widely available throughout the state over the next several years.
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Viegas, de Barros Ana Lúcia. « Impact of climatic variability on the fire behaviour of different land ecosystems ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4874.

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Wildfires are a natural phenomenon that strongly impacts the environment. Many terrestrial ecosystems depend on fire to maintain their ecological equilibrium and biodiversity, but new destructive fire patterns, often associated with land management practices and rapid climate change, have been degrading soil and water resources, increasing erosion by wind, precipitation and floods, decreasing biodiversity and contributing to desertification. Furthermore, pyrogenic emissions from biomass burning are an important source of atmospheric pollution and they impact the radiative balance of the troposphere, strongly contributing to the greenhouse effect. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of climate variability on geographic, ecological, seasonal and inter-annual distributions of fires and correspondent pyrogenic emissions, across a variety of ecosystems. With this purpose, 10 years of world, monthly, 1°x1° gridded data, from the Global Fire Emissions Database, were compared with land-cover data, from the Goddard Institute of Space Studies, and with weather data, from the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting, the Global Precipitation Climatology Centre and the Global Hydrology Resource Centre. Overall, the climate parameters significantly correlated with carbon emissions were air and soil temperature, air and soil humidity, rainfall, wind speed and lightning density during the fire season, and also precipitation and snow cover up to 6 months before the fire season. Good statistical quantitative models of carbon emissions (correlations above 70%, and up to 95%, between estimated and predicted values, with residuals normally distributed) using humidity, temperature or lagged rainfall as predictors, were found almost exclusively in tropical grasslands, shrublands and woodlands, especially in Africa, where fire behaviour was more regular. In boreal and temperate forests and woodlands, where fire patterns were irregular and fire returning periods were larger, there were not enough fires, in 10 years of data, to obtain useful predictive statistical models. The fire models presented here, together with the quantitative statistical relationships found between climate and fire patterns, in different land ecosystems, are apt to be used in predictive climate models, land management, fire risk assessment and mitigation of climate change.
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Tasel, Erdinc. « Gis-based Spatial Model For Wildfire Simulation : Marmaris &amp ». Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/1017821/index.pdf.

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Each year many forest fires have occurred and huge amount of forest areas in each country have been lost. Turkey like many world countries have forest fire problem. 27 % of Turkey&
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s lands are covered by forest and 48 % of these forest areas are productive, however 52 % of them must be protected. There occurred 21000 forest fires due to several reasons between 1993 and 2002. It is estimated that 23477 ha area has been destroyed annually due to wildfires. The fire management strategies can be built on the scenarios derived from the simulation processes. In this study a GIS &
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based fire simulating model is used to simulate a past fire occurred in Marmaris &
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etibeli, Turkey, in August 2002. This model uses Rothermel&
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s surface fire model, Rothermel&
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s and Van Wagner&
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s crown fire model and Albini&
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s torching tree model. The input variables required by the model can be divided into four groups: fuel type, fuel moisture, topography and wind. The suitable fuel type classification of the vegetation of the study area has been performed according to the Northern Forest Fire Laboratory (NFFL) Fuel Model. The fuel moisture data were obtained from the experts working in the General Directorate of Forestry. The fire spread pattern was derived using two IKONOS images representing the pre- and post-fire situations by visual interpretation. Time of arrival, the rate of spread and the spread direction of the fire were obtained as the output and 70 % of the burned area was estimated correctly from the fire simulating model.
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Thomas, Jan Christian. « Improving the understanding of fundamental mechanisms that influence ignition and burning behavior of porous wildland fuel beds ». Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28916.

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The phenomenon of a fire occurring in nature comes with a very high level of complexity. One central obstacle is the range of scales in such fires. In order to understand wildfires, research has to be conducted across these scales in order to study the mechanisms which drive wildfire behavior. The hazard related to such fires is ever more increasing as the living space of communities continues to increase and infringe with the wildland at the wildland-urban interface. In order to do so, a strong understanding on the possible wildfire behavior that may occur is critical. An array of factors impact wildfire behavior, which are generally categorized into three groups: (1) fuel (type, moisture content, loading, structure, continuity); (2) environmental (wind, temperature, relative humidity, precipitation); and (3) topography (slope, aspect). The complexity and coupling of factors impacting various scales of wildfire behavior has been the focus of much experimental and numerical work over the past decades. More recently, the need to quantify wildland fuel flammability and use the knowledge in mitigating risks, for example by categorizing vegetation according to their flammability has been recognized. Fuel flammability is an integral part of understanding wildfire behavior, since it can provide a quantification of the ignition and burning behavior of wildland fuel beds. Determining flammability parameters for vegetative fuels is however not a straight forward task and a rigorous standardized methodology has yet to be established. It is the intent of this work to aid in the path of finding a most suitable methodology to test vegetative fuel flammability. This is achieved by elucidating the fundamental heat and mass transfer mechanisms that drive ignition and burning behavior of porous wildland fuel beds. The work presented herein is a continuation of vegetative fuel flammability research using bench-scale calorimetry (the FM Global Fire Propagation Apparatus). This apparatus allows a high level of control of critical parameters. Experimental studies investigate how varying external heat flux (radiative), ventilation conditions (forced airflow rate, oxygen concentration, and temperature), and moisture content affect the ignition and burning behavior of wildland fuel. Two distinct ignition regimes were observed for radiative heating with forced convection cooling: (1) convection/radiation for low heating rates; and (2) radiation only for high heating rates. The threshold for the given convection conditions was near 45 kW.m-2. For forced convection, ignition behavior is dominated by convection cooling in comparison to dilution; ignition times were constant when the oxygen flow rate was varied (constant flow magnitude). Analysis of a radiative Biot number including heat losses (convection and radiation) indicated that the pine needles tested behaved thermally thin for the given heating rates (up to 60 kW.m-2). A simplified onedimensional, multi-phase heat transfer model for porous media is validated with experimental results (in-depth temperature measurements, critical heat flux and ignition time). The model performance was adequate for two species only, when the convective Froude number is less than 1.0 (only one packing ratio was tested). Increasing air flow rates resulted in higher heat of combustion due to increased pyrolysis rates. In the given experiments (ventilation controlled environment) combustion efficiency decreased with increasing O2 flow rates. Flaming combustion of pine needles in such environments resulted in four times greater CO generation rates compared to post flaming smoldering combustion. A link was made to live fuel flammability that is important for understanding the occurrence of extreme fire conditions such as crowning and to test if live fuel flammability contributes to the occurrence of a typical fire season. Significant seasonal variations were observed for the ignition and burning behavior of conditioned live pine needles. Variation and peak flammability due to ignition time and heat release rate can be associated to the growing season (physical properties and chemical composition of the needles). Seasonal trends were masked when unconditioned needles were tested as the release of water dominated effects. For wet fuel, ignition time increases linearly with fuel moisture content (FMC, R2 = 0.93). The peak heat release rate decreased non-linearly with FMC (R2 = 0.77). It was determined that above a threshold of 60% FMC (d.w.), seasonal variation in the heat release rate can be neglected. A novel live fuel flammability assessment to evaluate the seasonality of ignition and burning behavior is proposed. For the given case (NJ Pine Barrens, USA), the flammability assessment indicated that the live fuel is most flammable in August. Such assessment can provide a framework for a live fuel flammability classification system that is based on rigorous experimentation in well controlled fire environments.
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Pool, Christiaan Frederik. « The effect of modified fuel loads on fire behaviour in Pinus patula and Eucalyptus macarthurii stands in the Mpumalanga Highveld forestry region of South Africa ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1010958.

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The effectiveness of harvesting slash treatments are questionable when wild fires, fuelled by post harvesting slash, burn out of control. In order to quantify effectiveness of various slash treatments, fire behaviour in Pinus patula and Eucalyptus macarthurii compartments in the Highveld area (Piet Retief) of Mpumalanga, South Africa, were assessed after application of five different post-harvesting slash treatments. Treatments included mulching, chopper rolling, windrowing, removal of slash (inter-windrowing) and broadcasting. Independent fuel and environmental variables were measured prior and during application of fire to the study areas and effects on fire behaviour were compared afterwards. Dependant fire behaviour variables such as the rate of spread, fire temperature and flame height were measured in respective slash treatment plots and compared. Results of the study indicated that fire behaviour assessed in mulched areas in both the P. patula and E. macarthurii compartments were significantly less intense when compared to fire behaviour in chopper roll, broadcast and windrow treatments. Fire behaviour in mulched plots compared favourably with areas where harvesting slash was removed (inter-windrow treatment). Comparisons between fuel loads of different treatments also indicated accelerated mineralization of organic material in mulched areas. Mulching of harvesting slash seems to be an effective method to restrict fire behaviour in post-harvesting compartments and should be considered as part of a fire management strategy.
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Dubay, Shannon. « Behavioural and physiological responses of chacma baboons (Papio ursinus) to wildfire in the Cape Peninsula of South Africa ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/29751.

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In an ecological context, ‘flexibility’ refers to an animal’s ability to respond immediately to environmental stimuli through physiological and behavioural adjustments. Specifically, primates exhibit a high degree of ecological flexibility, which allows them to persist through environmental changes that vary in duration and predictability. To cope with the variability of conditions within their habitats, baboons have evolved flexibility in ranging behaviour, social behaviour, and diet. Natural disasters are predicted to increase across the globe, and many parts of the world are experiencing longer wildfire seasons and higher wildfire frequencies than ever before. The aim of this study is to use an existing data set to assess how baboons responded, behaviourally and physiologically, to an extensive wildfire. I compare home range use, activity budgets, faecal glucocorticoid concentrations, and urinary C-peptide concentrations three months after the fire to the same three months in the previous year for the same 16 adult females. In the months following the fire, the baboons had a larger spatial range compared to the same months in the year prior. The additional area incorporated unburnt areas into their home range, which were preferentially used over burnt areas. Behavioural adjustments included notably less time spent engaging in social behaviours than in the year prior. Perhaps most surprisingly, postfire physiological indicators did not suggest high levels of psychological, energetic, or nutritional stress, as glucocorticoid concentrations were significantly lower post-fire compared to the year prior, while C-peptide concentrations were not significantly different between the two periods. The troop appears to have benefited from a surfeit of exotic pine seeds that were released by pine trees as a result of the fire. This unexpected nutritional windfall, in addition to the inclusion of vineyards within their ranging patterns, may explain why there were no physiological indicators of nutritional stress despite the loss of most above ground biomass. Despite suffering the loss of 12 troop members in the fire and injury to a further 12 individuals, adult females in the Tokai troop were able to adjust to a severe and extensive change to their home range. Although primate ecological flexibility has been widely documented, this is the first study to explore the behavioural and physiological responses of baboons to extensive habitat changes resulting from a wildfire, and the potential implications for the management of wildlife on the urban edge.
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Lahaye, Sébastien. « Comprendre les grands feux de forêt pour lutter en sécurité ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP042/document.

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En dépit de moyens importants consacrés à la lutte, certains feux de forêt, en Europe méditerranéenne, en Australie ou en Amérique du Nord, parcourent de grandes surfaces et développent des comportements violents qui piègent les pompiers. L’étude de rapports internes aux services d’incendie révèle ici les conditions météorologiques et topographiques dans lesquelles se produisent ces feux dangereux. En France, alors que le vent violent est le principal contributeur des feux les plus grands et les plus dangereux, les températures élevées mènent à un autre type d’incendies violents qui se propagent rapidement. En Australie, les pompiers sont souvent piégés par une bascule brutale de la direction du vent mais aussi par des vents forts en terrain accidenté. Au-delà des disparités intercontinentales, la recherche des comportements dynamiques de feu impliqués dans plus de 100 accidents de pompiers à travers le monde amène à distinguer trois types d’incendie. Lors des feux topographiques, en zone de montagne, les accidents sont généralement causés par l’attachement de la flamme sur des pentes supérieures à 20°. Lors des feux guidés par le vent, les zones les plus propices aux accidents sont les pentes déventées où des effets de vortex peuvent se produire. Enfin, lors des feux convectifs, les plus violents, les accidents peuvent se produire loin de toute configuration dangereuse. Pour tenir compte de ces résultats et améliorer leur sécurité, les pompiers doivent adapter leur formation et de développer des compétences d’analyste du feu. Ces experts intègreront les retours d’expérience des incendies passés pour proposer les stratégies de lutte les plus efficaces et sécurisées
Despite the large expenditure that is dedicated to forest fire suppression in Euro-Mediterranean countries, Australia and North-America, firefighters still face large and severe fire events which eventually entrap them. Investigation of Fire Services’ internal reports addresses here the weather and terrain leading to these dangerous fires. In France, strong wind is the main driver of the largest fires and of the fires that entrap firefighters. However, high temperature is also a key contributor as it influences violent fires with high rates of surface spread. In Australia, a lot of firefighters’ entrapments are due to shifts in wind direction, but others are associated to strong winds in rugged terrain. Whatever the regional specificities, more than 100 firefighters’ entrapments across the world were investigated to find the contribution of dynamic fire behaviors in these entrapments. The results return three different types of fires. During topography-influenced fires, in mountainous area, almost all the entrapments happen on slopes steeper than 20°, prone to flame attachment. During wind-driven fires, leeward slopes prone to vorticity-driven lateral fire spread are the most prominent configurations associated with entrapments. Finally, during convective fires, which are the most violent, entrapments can happen far away from any dangerous configuration. Firefighters should adjust their training courses and promote fire behavior analysts (FBAN) capabilities to benefit from the results of this work and improve their safety. FBAN may consider feedbacks from previous fires to suggest the most efficient and secure firefighting strategies and locations
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Livres sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Or.) et Joint Fire Science Program (U.S.), dir. Synthesis of knowledge of extreme fire behavior. Portland, OR : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2011.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. St. Paul, Minn : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. St. Paul, Minn : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. St. Paul, Minn : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. [Saint Paul, Minn.] : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. St. Paul, Minn : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Haines, Donald A. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the northeastern United States. St. Paul, Minn : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986.

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Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station (Berkeley, Calif.), dir. A tilting wind tunnel for fire behavior studies. Berkeley, Calif : U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, 1994.

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Wildland firefighting : Fire behavior, tactics & command. Bellflower, CA : Fire Publications, 1987.

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Wildland firefighting : Fire behavior, tactics & command. 2e éd. Bellflower, CA : Fire Publications, 1990.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Planas, Eulalia, et Elsa Pastor. « Wildfire Behaviour and Danger Ratings ». Dans Fire Phenomena and the Earth System, 53–75. Oxford : John Wiley & Sons, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118529539.ch4.

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Di Leo, Margherita, Daniele de Rigo, Dario Rodriguez-Aseretto, Claudio Bosco, Thomas Petroliagkis, Andrea Camia et Jesús San-Miguel-Ayanz. « Dynamic Data Driven Ensemble for Wildfire Behaviour Assessment : A Case Study ». Dans IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 11–22. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41151-9_2.

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de Rigo, Daniele, Dario Rodriguez-Aseretto, Claudio Bosco, Margherita Di Leo et Jesús San-Miguel-Ayanz. « An Architecture for Adaptive Robust Modelling of Wildfire Behaviour under Deep Uncertainty ». Dans IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 367–80. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41151-9_35.

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Johnston, Joshua M., Ronan Paugam, Ellen Whitman, Tom Schiks et Alan S. Cantin. « Remote Sensing of Fire Behavior ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 1–5. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51727-8_174-1.

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Johnston, Joshua M., Ronan Paugam, Ellen Whitman, Tom Schiks et Alan S. Cantin. « Remote Sensing of Fire Behavior ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 879–83. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52090-2_174.

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Finney, Mark A. « Operational Wildland Fire Behavior Models and Systems ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 1–5. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51727-8_246-1.

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Finney, Mark A. « Operational Wildland Fire Behavior Models and Systems ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 812–16. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52090-2_246.

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Blunck, David. « Soot and Effects on Wildland/WUI Fire Behavior ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 1–4. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51727-8_81-1.

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Blunck, David. « Soot and Effects on Wildland/WUI Fire Behavior ». Dans Encyclopedia of Wildfires and Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) Fires, 953–55. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52090-2_81.

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Sjöström, Johan, Anders Granström et Lotta Vylund. « Perception of wildfire behaviour and fire suppression tactics among Swedish incident commanders ». Dans Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1733–39. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_267.

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Unlike most regions with high-intensity wildfire potential, Sweden lacks specialized wildfire suppression organization. Instead, wildfire suppression is handled by highly decentralized and multitask municipal rescue services. This prompts the question how the incident commanders (ICs) perceive and interpret variation in fire behaviour and how they respond to wildfire incidents with regard to dispatching for initial attack and selecting tactics. To elucidate this, we exposed a spectrum of Swedish ICs to a questionnaire and round-table-exercises of different fire scenarios. The informants had on average 13 years of experience as incident commanders and had on average managed 6 wildfires over the last 5 years. Despite minimal formal wildfire training the respondents showed reasonable consensus in rating of fire behaviour in response to fuels and weather, suggesting that their knowledge was built on personal and group experience. Likewise, they gave estimates on rate of production of hose-lays similar to published expert assessments from Canada. When exposed to a spectrum of fire scenarios, resource dimensioning by ICs was linearly related to the Canadian FWI-index, although most organizations did not have any preordained schemas or rules of initial dispatching resources to guide them. Tactics employed were based mainly on accessing the fire from the nearest road and using direct attack with hose-line laid from the engine and water ferried on trucks. In a scenario where initial attack failed, suppression crews typically fell back on roads, which however would be breached by intense fire, and which also exposed the operation to risk of being outflanked. This response was in fact similar to that employed during a 2014 catastrophic wildfire in central Sweden and may indicate a fundamental flaw in tactics employed for large and intense fires. The present structure of the Swedish wildfire suppression system developed during the second half of the 1900s and depends on rapid access to the fire by a relatively small number of firefighters. The study suggests a relatively high capacity for suppressing forest fires, despite that the organization is primarily rigged for other purposes and that ICs have minimal formal training in this area. Climate change-scenarios suggest longer fire season and more risk days in parts of the country, but the future wildfire scene may be even more sensitive to de-population and diminishing economic resources in heavily forested regions of the country.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Aparício, Bruno A., José M. C. Pereira, Francisco C. Santos, Chiara Bruni et Ana C. L. Sá. « Combining Wildfire Behaviour Simulations and Connectivity Metrics to Support Wildfire Management ». Dans ICFBR 2022. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017066.

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Dominique, Morvan. « A FULLY PHYSICAL MODEL TO SIMULATE WILDFIRE BEHAVIOUR ». Dans Fifth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut : Begellhouse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp5.1950.

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« Incorporating firebrands and spot fires into vorticity-driven wildfire behaviour models ». Dans 23rd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2019). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2019.h7.hilton2.

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Ghouzlane, Souad. « Wildfire Remote Sensing Applications ». Dans 6th International Students Science Congress. Izmir International Guest Student Association, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52460/issc.2022.027.

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There is a growing interest in mapping, monitoring, and assessing wildfires' risk, behavior, and environmental impacts. Recent developments in Remote sensing technology and tools facilitate the researcher's job in obtaining spatial information and monitoring land changes and hazards. Moreover, remote sensing technology coupled with geographic information systems permits uncovering the spatial potential, predicting Spatio-temporal change patterns, and supporting sustainable land management. Likewise, Using Remote sensing data and GIS tools in mapping wildfire incidents and their behavior has proven to be highly efficient for land managers and firefighters to control the fire and prevent disastrous consequences. This paper aims to uncover some uses of remote sensing data in assessing forest fire hazards at every phase of the fire management program.
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Pinna, Maria Tiziana, Maria Gabriella Cuccu, Maria Piera Giannasi, Antonio Casula et Salvatore Cabiddu. « The 2021 Montiferru Wildfire, Sardinia (Italy) : Analysis of a Large Wildfire ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017108.

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Jamaladdeen, Rawaa, Bruno Coudour, Hui-Ying Wang et Jean-Pierre Garo. « VOCs and Wildfire Flashovers ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017094.

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Ferner, Christina. « Leverage ArcGIS Remote Sensing Tools to Improve Wildfire Management ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017120.

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Casula, Marcello, Bachisio Arca, Giovanni Laneve, Enrico Cadau, Raffaele Bua, Fabrizio Pedes, Michele Salis et al. « Integrated Platform for Wildfire Prevention and Management : The S2IGI Project ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017088.

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Ribotta, Claudio, José Maria Costa-Saura, Valentina Bacciu, Costantino Sirca et Donatella Spano. « Spatial Variability of Wildfire Causes in French Eastern Mediterranean Regions ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017110.

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Parisien, Marc-André, Quinn E. Barber, Mike D. Flannigan et Piyush Jain. « The Effect of Broadleaf-Tree Greenup on Springtime Wildfire Occurrence in Boreal Canada ». Dans The Third International Conference on Fire Behavior and Risk. Basel Switzerland : MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/environsciproc2022017085.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Wildfire behaviour"

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Braude, Ashwin, Emiliano Diaz, Daniel Okoh, Kenza Tazi, Paula Harder, Kara Lamb, Nis Meinert et Duncan Parris-Watson. PYROCAST. SpaceML, novembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56272/fpib2524.

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More than 17 million people have been affected and USD144 billion lost through major wildfire events over the last 30 years. In addition, the degradation of air quality due to the creation of aerosols and ozone from fires resulted in between 260 000 and 600 000 premature deaths each year. The risk that wildfires pose to people and the environment is increasing due to climate change. By the end of the century, the frequency of wildfires, compared to a 2000-2010 reference period, is predicted to increase by a factor of 1.31 to 1.57 with the number of extreme wildfires increasing even further. Pyrocumulonimbus or pyroCbs are storm clouds produced by particularly large and intense wildfires that can produce storm clouds. These storm clouds create their own weather fronts which can make wildfire behaviour unpredictable through strong winds and ignite new fires through lightning. PyroCbs also convect wildfire aerosols into the stratosphere, where they remain for several months. These events, which can be on the scale of a volcanic eruption, have important impacts on the Earth's climate. PyroCbs could also hinder the recovery of the ozone layer.
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Linn, R. R., et F. H. Harlow. Use of transport models for wildfire behavior simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), janvier 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/314172.

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Linn, R. R. A transport model for prediction of wildfire behavior. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), juillet 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/505313.

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Heft-Neal, Sam, Carlos Gould, Marissa Childs, Mathew Kiang, Kari Nadeau, Mark Duggan, Eran Bendavid et Marshall Burke. Behavior Mediates the Health Effects of Extreme Wildfire Smoke Events. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, février 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30969.

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Graham, Russell T., Sarah McCaffrey et Theresa B. Jain. Science basis for changing forest structure to modify wildfire behavior and severity. Ft. Collins, CO : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-120.

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Haines, Donald A., William A. Main et Albert J. Simard. Fire-danger rating and observed wildfire behavior in the Northeastern United States. St. Paul, MN : U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nc-rp-274.

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S.W. Koch et R.G.Balice. A Wildfire Behavior Modeling System at Los Alamos National Laboratory for Operational Applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), novembre 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/835918.

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Bradley, M. M., M. J. Leach, C. R. Molenkamp, C. H. Hall, L. Wilder et L. A. Neher. Simulating Fine-Scale Atmospheric Processes : A New Core Capability and its Application to Predicting Wildfire Behavior. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), février 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15003838.

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