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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Wages and labor productivity – Russia »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

1

Kapeliushnikov, R. « Labor Productivity versus Labor Compensation:Some Simple arithmetic ». Voprosy Ekonomiki, no 3 (20 mars 2014) : 36–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2014-3-36-61.

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The paper explores the “race” between wages and labor productivity in the contemporary Russian economy. It continues the author’s previous research where the same problem was examined for the earlier period of 1997-2007. The analysis focuses on dynamics in labor productivity and labor compensation during the economic crisis of 2008-2009 and subsequent years. The author shows that conventional wisdom implying that in Russia wages persistently increase at much higher annual rates than productivity is wrong: over 1997-2012 there was no stable relationship and waves of faster wage growth alternated with waves of faster productivity growth. However in the long run productivity outpaced labor compensation. As a result in 2011-2012 real unit labor costs for Russian firms were even lower than in the mid of the 1990s or in the beginning of the 2000s.
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Shanygin, S. I., et E. I. Zuga. « Wages and Labor Productivity in Russia : Regional Aspect ». Economics and Management, no 10 (18 décembre 2019) : 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2019-10-39-49.

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The presented study examines the statistics of labor productivity and wages in the Russian Federation.Aim. The study aims to analyze trends in the changes of labor productivity and wages in Russia in the territorial and temporal aspects.Tasks. This study examines and compares the dynamics of wages and labor productivity in Russia, identifying the specific regional features of their fluctuation.Methods. The authors conduct a statistical research of the current situation in Russia as well as a dynamic, correlation, and structural analysis based on the data of the Federal State Statistics Service, and formulate economic assessments of the results from the perspective of the systems approach.Results. The study substantiates that it is inadvisable to traditionally exclude anomalous data in the statistical research of economic systems as this leads to unacceptable changes in the structures of the latter. The authors propose comparing these systems by enlarged structural elements. Some common Russian trends in the changes of labor productivity and wage levels in time and space are analyzed and specified by federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Consistent patterns in the dynamics of annual frequency distributions and variations of these indicators by regions, districts, and republics of the Russian Federation are described, and the leading and underperforming regions are identified.Conclusions. Over the examined time period, labor productivity in Russia grew with slight fluctuations, while average wages only increased during economically favorable periods (in constant prices). The overall situation in the country is slowly improving and remains relatively stable in the regional aspect, but not the best. It would be advisable to implement economic mechanisms aimed at improving the self-sufficiency of the country and its regions. The authors believe the current methodology of the Federal Statistics Service to be applicable to the measurement of performance of industrial regions and — to a lesser extent — agricultural regions.
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Vinokurov, Evgeny F. « Wage Dynamics and Economic Growth : Russian Realities ». Economics of Contemporary Russia, no 4 (29 décembre 2021) : 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33293/1609-1442-2021-4(95)-68-77.

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The article deals with the relationship between the economic growth of Russia and the dynamics of average wages. A joint analysis of wages, GDP, salary output and labor productivity in the Russian Federation for the period 2000–2019 was carried out. The type and parameters of the regression equations connecting these indicators are determined. The analysis allows us to conclude that it is advisable to increase real wages, despite the accompanying slow growth of labor productivity and a decrease in salary. The main argument in favor of this statement is the multiplicative effect that occurs when the average salary in the economy increases. The paper shows that the increase in wages, in addition to the usually taken into account direct multiplicative effect, determined by an increase in the disposable income of the population, there is an additional induced multiplicative effect. The induced effect is explained by the increase in economic activity of the population proved on the Russian statistics with the growth of wages, which leads to an increase in the number of employees, and hence the wage fund and, accordingly, personal disposable income. Thus, by increasing wages, it is possible to improve the financial situation of the employed population, attract additional labor resources to the economy, and achieve GDP growth. The article presents calculations that allow us to estimate the contribution of the direct and induced multiplicative effect to the GDP of Russia for the period of 2000–2017. Based on these calculations, it can be argued that in the Russian Federation at the beginning of the XXI century, the gross domestic product, due to the multiplicative effect of changes in average wages in the first year after such a change, increased or decreased in some years by 6–7%. Although the induced multiplicative effect, as it turned out, is relatively small, there is no reason to neglect it. At the current very low rate of GDP growth, one has to take into account every tenth of a percent of such growth, and calculations have shown that the induced effect calculated for the first year after the change in wages in the period under review reached 0,6% of GDP. The calculations also showed that due to the increase in labor activity associated with an increase in the average salary, the number of people employed in the “white” labor market in Russia in some years increased by about 1%.
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Басовская, Елена, Elena Basovskaya, Леонид Басовский et Leonid Basovskiy. « The Impact of Labor Remuneration and the Differentiation of Household Income on Labor Productivity in the Regions of Russia ». Scientific Research and Development. Economics 7, no 4 (3 septembre 2019) : 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5d53b2cd2ab7b5.00704502.

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The models of regions, econometric based on crosscutting statistics, have established that wages and the differentiation of household incomes have a significant impact on labor productivity in the regions of modern Russia. Changes in the level of remuneration and differentiation of incomes of the population in recent years explain 78–82% of changes in labor productivity in the regions, and the effect of the level of remuneration is twice the impact of the differentiation of incomes of the population. The impact of wages on productivity in the period grows. This indicates an increase in the efficiency of labor as a production factor. The influence of income differentiation on labor productivity, which had previously been lost due to the formation of an unfavorable institutional environment under the laws adopted in the country, resumed. The impact of income differentiation decreases, which indicates a decrease in its stimulating effect on labor productivity.
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Beztelesna, Lyudmila. « PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT OF LABOR : THE MACROECONOMIC ASPECT ». International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 3, no 1 (30 juin 2016) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.4717.

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Proved that is competitive and the economy, which provided faster growth of labor productivity growth over wages. Identified an urgent need to manage productivity in modern conditions. Reflected the negative effects of liberal economic reforms in Russia and Kazakhstan. Showing weather hit countries in a trap average income. On the basis of experience of competitive economies necessity to stimulate productivity growth based on public-private partnership.
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Basovskiy, Leonid, et Elena Basovskaya. « Production Functions of Labor Productivity in Modern Russia ». Scientific Research and Development. Economics 10, no 1 (16 février 2022) : 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2022-10-1-32-35.

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To identify the determinants of labor productivity, estimates of the relationship between labor productivity and indicators reflecting the influence of a wide range of socio-economic and innovative factors in the regions of Russia for 2015-2018 were obtained. For 2018 and the aggregate of data for 2015-2018, according to statistics from 82 regions of Russia, econometric models were built in the form of a standard internally linear function - an analogue of the Cobb-Douglas production function. The resulting models made it possible to establish the following. The capital-labor ratio, average monthly wages, the ratio of funds (indicator of income inequality), innovative activity of organizations and exports have a significant positive effect on labor productivity in the region. The number of researchers with advanced degrees and the import of machinery and equipment have a significant negative impact on labor productivity in the region. The negative impact on labor productivity in the number of researchers with advanced degrees is associated with problems caused by the command and control principles of science and education management. The ineffectiveness of the import of machinery and equipment testifies to the imperfection of foreign economic relations.
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Abdulkhairova, Elzara Musaevna, et Sevil Eskenderovna Bekirova. « CYCLIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAGES, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY AND HUMAN CAPITAL QUALITY ». Scientific Bulletin : finance, banking, investment., no 2 (51) (2020) : 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2312-5330-2020-2-127-133.

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The article assesses the dependence of wages on factors that have a predominant effect on wage dynamics. The cyclic relationship between wages, labor productivity and the quality of human capital is analyzed. The criteria for the effectiveness of strategic management are disclosed. The problems of reproduction of human capital are considered. The reasons for the decline in the quality of human capital due to the low level of wages in the Russian economy are revealed. The main directions of achieving balanced growth rates of labor productivity, wages and reproduction of human capital are identified.
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Басовская et Elena Basovskaya. « Key factors of productivity and wage in modern Russia ». Economics 1, no 2 (8 juin 2013) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/582.

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The main factors of productivity and wages in modern Russia. These factors — capital-labor, the level of education of the employed population and the level of income inequality, employment in the private sector. Built econometric models that assess the impact of these factors. Models explain the productivity by 81% and labor costs — by 76%. Capital-labor ratio, the level of education and income inequality has a positive impact on productivity and labor costs. Private sector employment has a negative impact on productivity and labor costs. The positive impact of inequality is explained by the regularity characteristic of the poorest and the richest countries in the world. This effect is explained by the peculiarities of the institutional environment and social structure. The negative impact of employment in the private sector due to the imperfection of property in the country. Identified regions of the country in which deviations from the revealed laws. The largest deviations are observed in the Kurgan and Sakhalin regions, in the Kamchatka Krai and the Republic of Kalmykia.
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Basovskaya, Elena, et Leonid Basovskiy. « Elasticity of Labor Productivity by Production Factors in the Regions of Russia ». Scientific Research and Development. Economics 8, no 6 (28 décembre 2020) : 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9111-2020-18-21.

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On the basis of models of production functions with an explanation level of 80-90%, built using cross-sectional data for the regions of the country, partial values of the coefficients of elasticity of labor productivity by production factors were obtained. Partial (regional) values of the coefficients of elasticity of labor productivity are calculated using the particular regression equations of models of production functions. The factors included the capital-labor ratio, wages, the price index of industrial goods, the coefficient of funds (an indicator of income inequality), the share of exports in the gross regional product. The regions are identified in which these factors have the maximum and minimum impact on labor productivity.
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Savicheva, E. Yu, et V. P. Pavlyuk. « An econometric study of the impact of fixed capital investment on labor productivity ». Economics and Management 28, no 9 (2 octobre 2022) : 923–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2022-9-923-931.

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Aim. The presented study aims to identify the main drivers for increasing labor productivity in the Russian economy.Tasks. Econometric modeling is used to assess the impact of fixed capital investment on labor productivity indicators in Russia and to formulate priority directions for improving labor productivity in Russia.Methods. To achieve the set aim, the authors build an econometric model that makes it possible to assess the dependence of labor productivity rates on regressors such as volume index of fixed capital investment, internal R&D costs, real accrued wages of employees, and depreciation of fixed assets (in percentage points). Data provided by the Federal State Statistics Service serves as the empirical basis of this study. R Studio software is also used.Results. It is established that the volume of fixed capital investment and the degree of depreciation of fixed assets are significant factors that can affect labor productivity rates. The results of the study also suggest that regressors such as real accrued wages of employees and internal R&D costs are insignificant factors.Conclusions. The statement that fixed capital investment serves as a basis for labor productivity growth is substantiated. Therefore, the government’s efforts in the coming years should be aimed at creating favorable conditions for increasing investment spending in the real sector of the economy. The study also focuses on the need to eradicate the phenomenon of the ‘working poor’ and to increase the efficiency of interaction between research centers and the business community.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

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Stillman, Steven. « Labor market uncertainty, sectoral earnings, and private sector labor supply in Russia / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7391.

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Edwards, Will. « Do Increases in Labor Productivity Still Drive Wage Growth ? » Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2025.

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The rise of earnings inequality in the United States has garnered attention in both the political and academic spheres. Recently progressive politicians have pointed towards the divergence of wages and labor productivity as a source of this inequality. known as the productivity-pay gap as a source of the rise in inequality. This paper analyzes that divergence with a regression model that evaluates the change in compensation that is attributable to increases in productivity. Results were somewhat surprising with productivity accounting for a larger portion of the growth in wages for the period after 1972 when the divergence in the two growth rates began than in the time between 1948 and 1972 when they were said to grow together. Additionally, results showed more wage growth was attributable to increases in productivity in goods producing sectors like manufacturing, utilities, and construction than financial intermediation in the services sector. However standard errors across our model were relatively large making it difficult to say with certainty the size of effects observed. Future research should seek to better define productivity in the service sector to determine whether other factors like education, occupation or area of residence affect the level of wage growth attributable to compensation.
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Campbell, Robert Wilfred. « Wages and labour productivity in Canada : across the provinces and over the ruralurban divide ». Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29418.

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Regional economic disparities are a widely noted characteristic of the Canadian economy. This thesis examines regional disparities in terms of wages and labour productivity in the manufacturing sector. Regional disparities are analysed along three dimensions: provinces, rural/urban areas and industrial structure. Various competing theories are discussed and compared to the findings. Shift-share based decomposition analyses the magnitude and pattern of disparity and controls for industrial structure. Weighted regression is used to combine provincial and rural/urban effects. The findings support theories that emphasize provinces as units of analysis. The rural/urban results gave qualified support to urban theory. Accounting for industrial structure impacted both the rural/urban and provincial results. The regression analysis found the rural/urban dimension was significant; however, industrial structure and provincial effects were more significant. These results suggest industrial location and provincial economic policies can influence regional economic disparities in Canada.
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Stendal, Grant. « The politics of productivity bargaining : the two-tier wage system case / ». Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs825.pdf.

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Mtazu, Pauline Sibusisiwe. « Evaluating remuneration and reward systems at lobels bread, Zimbabwe ». Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1136.

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To gain workforce support and commitment, organisations should offer remuneration and rewards that are internally and externally equitable, as inequity in remuneration is the source of employee discontent and turnover. To succeed, organisations have to communicate the total value of rewards allocated to employees. Communication is the foundation of reward management and organisational success. Communication helps employees to understand that the rewards they receive are worth having. Remuneration and rewards communicate the value that organisations place on their employees. To deliver the proper messages, remuneration objectives and strategies should be aligned with the overall business strategy of the organisation. Alignment enables organisations to deliver the right type of rewards to the right people, at the right time, and for the right reasons. The only way the organisation can deliver the correct reward and remuneration, is to implement a total reward system together with a total pay system. Effective total pay system covers base pay, skills and competency pay, variable performance pay, recognition, and benefits. Total reward system cover investment in people, development and training, performance management, and career management. To motivate and retain employees, and to improve organisation’s profitability, a right mix of total pay and total rewards should be made available to employees as employees’ needs differ. With this information, an empirical study was developed and conducted at Lobels Bread in Zimbabwe. The results of this survey indicated that Lobels Bread uses traditional base pay system and benefits as a way of motivating and retaining its employees. This pay system seems to be insufficient to motivate and retain employees. To motivate and retain employees, the company should implement a total reward system, which includes total pay system, investment in people, career enhancement, open communications, involvement, and performance management.
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Nelson, James H. « Labor allocation decisions of Virginia's farm families ». Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42951.

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Using data collected by the Virginia Agricultural Statistical Service in 1989, off-farm labor participation models were developed to identify factors that influence the probability that a farm operator or spouse in Virginia would choose to work off the farm. The sample indicated that a substantial proportion of Virginia farms had at least one member working off the farm. Higher total incomes were also earned by fanlilies with an operator and/or spouse working off the farm. In addition, the proportion of total income originating from off-farm sources was large regardless of whether the operator or spouse worked off the farm or not. As a result of this survey, the picture developed of farm operators and spouses in Virginia is different than a traditional view of farming would support. Because of the dichotomous dependent variable and the different responses expected from the operator and spouse, probit analysis was selected to estimate separate participation models for the farm operator and spouse. The empirical results reveal that human capital, labor supply and labor demand characteristics influence the off-farm employment decisions of both the operator and spouse, though not in a uniform manner. Additionally, variables found to be important to off-farm labor force participation were primarily not farm specific. Changes in the non-farm economy are expected to affect the majority of Virginia farms more than changes in the farm economy. It is also clear that the majority of farm families in Virginia have a vested interest in efforts made to develop and strengthen the local economy.
Master of Science
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Lazareva, Olga. « Labor market outcomes during the Russian transition ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Economic Research Institute, Stockholm School of Economics (EFI), 2009. http://www2.hhs.se/efi/summary/787.htm.

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Taylor, G. Stephen. « The role of relevant others in the determination of fair pay ». Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49939.

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Although scholars may disagree about the effectiveness of using money to motivate workers, few would deny the deleterious effects caused by employee perceptions of underpayment. Yet little is known about the process(es) through which individuals determine whether or not their pay is fair. Indeed, knowledge in this area largely is limited to the awareness that fair pay is a relative concept. That is, individuals judge the equity of pay not from the absolute size of the wage, but rather through comparisons of their wages to those of other people. In addition, pay referents such as the cost of living, also are used to evaluate pay. This use of relevant others is known as the social comparison process. This study investigated the relationship between certain attitudinal and job-related characteristics of 206 individuals, and their reactions to 18 different pay comparisons. It was determined that respondents' attitudes toward the organization's wage distribution rule, level of aspiration, desire for external movement (to other employers), and social interaction were related to the way individuals view these comparisons. A structural variable--job tenure--was not found to have a statistically significant association with the social comparison process. Unlike the six previous studies of this issue, this analysis was framed within the context of a theoretical model. Specifically, Goodman's two-stage model for the selection of pay referents was used to generate the variables of interest, the subsequent research hypotheses, and as a backdrop against which the results of the analysis could be interpreted. Perhaps the most significant result of this study was finding rather marked temporal stability of pay comparisons. Test-retest analyses showed that over a 3-month period only 5 of 54 pay comparisons demonstrated a statistically significant change in terms of the frequency with which they were reportedly made, the importance ascribed to each comparison, or in terms of the satisfaction felt with each comparison. Finding this element of stability suggests that equity theory may have been prematurely abandoned as a research paradigm.
Ph. D.
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Punytė, Viktorija. « Darbo užmokesčio ir darbo našumo ryšio analizė Europos Sąjungos šalyse ». Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2012. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2012~D_20120629_122614-81792.

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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjamas darbo užmokesčio ir darbo našumo ryšys Europos Sąjungos šalyse. Darbas susideda iš dviejų dalių. Teorinėje darbo dalyje nagrinėjami Lietuvos ir užsienio šalių autorių moksliniai straipsniai apie darbo užmokesčio ir darbo našumo ryšį. Empirinėje darbo dalyje analizuojami 2000-2010 m. laikotarpio duomenys apie vidutinį bruto darbo užmokestį ir pridėtinę vertę vienam užimtajam, atlikta rodiklių kaitos analizė. Taip pat darbe atskleistas darbo užmokesčio ir darbo našumo ryšys bendrai Europos Sąjungoje, senosiose ir naujosiose Europos Sąjungos šalyse bei kiekvienoje šalyse atskirai.
In Bachelor‘s final work the relationship of wage and labour productivity in the European Union countries are analysed. The work consists of 2 parts – theory and practice. In theoretic part Lithuania’s and foreign countries’ science articles about relationship of wage and labour productivity are analysed. In Empiric part there are analyses of 2000-2010 years data about average gross wage and value added per person employed, performed analysis of indicators change. Also, in this work there has been revealed connection between wage and labour productivity in aggregate European Union, in old and new European Union countries and in each European Union country separately.
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Guzzetta, Judith T. « Executive compensation : performance for pay ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24519.

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Livres sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

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Gandal, Neil. Technology, trade, and adjustment to immigration in Israel. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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2

APO Workshop on Linking Wages with Productivity (1990 Lahore, Pakistan). Linking wages with productivity : Report of APO Workshop on Linking Wages with Productivity. Tokyo : Asian Productivity Organization, 1994.

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Lorenz, Wilhelm. Discrimination by efficiency wages. Stirling : Department of Economics, University of Stirling, 1991.

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Wintrobe, Ronald. Social efficiency : Models of wages and efficiency wages. Kingston, Ont : Queen's University, Government and Competitiveness, School of Policy Studies, 1993.

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Biesebroeck, Johannes van. Wages equal productivity, fact or fiction ? Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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6

Hellerstein, Judith K. Are earnings profiles steeper than productivity profiles ? : Evidence from Israeli firm-level data. Jerusalem : Maurice Falk Institute for Economic Research in Israel, 1993.

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Acevedo, Gladys Lopez. Wages and Productivity in Mexican Manufacturing. Washington, D.C : Economic Policy Sector Unit, Latin America and the Caribbean Region, World Bank, 2003.

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1951-, Thorpe Richard, et Hellier Phil, dir. Payment systems and productivity. New York : St. Martin's, 1986.

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Philpott, Bryan Passmore. Jobs and high wages : The implications of productivity trends. Wellington : Victoria University Press for the Institute of Policy Studies, 1989.

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I, Kotelkin V., et Leningradskiĭ gosudarstvennyĭ universitet imeni A.A. Zhdanova., dir. Trud i ego materialʹnoe stimulirovanie pri sot͡s︡ializme v uslovii͡a︡kh uskorenii͡a︡ NTP. Leningrad : Izd-vo Leningradskogo universiteta, 1987.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

1

Nagurney, Anna. « Wages and Labor Productivity in Supply Chains with Fixed Labor Availability on Links ». Dans Labor and Supply Chain Networks, 95–120. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-20855-3_5.

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Haltiwanger, John. « Wages, Productivity, and Technology : What Have We Learned from Micro Evidence for U.S. Manufacturing ? » Dans Technology, Growth, and the Labor Market, 171–86. Boston, MA : Springer US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0325-5_9.

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Larson, Donald F., et Kevin L. Bloodworth. « Mechanization and the Intersectoral Migration of Agricultural Labor ». Dans Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies, 271–85. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5542-6_20.

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AbstractFor most countries, the historical path to development includes a sectoral shift of labor from agriculture to other sectors, an inflow of capital to agriculture, and a boost in land productivity. Early in the process of structural transformation, when populations are primarily rural and agrarian, the pace of sectoral migration can appear slow, as births that occur in much larger rural populations nearly match out-migration. As populations become increasingly urban, the dynamics shift, as rural populations experience continued out-migration matched with a declining share of births. This sets the stage for rising wages and labor-saving mechanization in agriculture. In many places, mechanization is associated with economies of scale that encourage a transformation in farm structures toward larger farms. Still, farm structures have been slow to change in Asia and Africa, where most farms are small, limiting potential productivity gains. This chapter uses a cross-country panel of data spanning five decades to examine the relationships among sectoral migration, gaps in sectoral incomes, and mechanization.
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Orlova, Nadezhda, Evgenia Serova, Vladimir Popov et Marina Petukhova. « Key Areas of the Agricultural Science Development in Russia in the Context of Global Trends and Challenges ». Dans Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation, 799–812. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5_42.

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AbstractThe modern Russian agrifood industry is a steadily developing sector of the national economy. The production of a number of goods has reached historically high levels. Russia has a strong position in the export of agricultural raw material commodities, while the country remains dependent on imports from other countries. This chapter examines critical areas of scientific research in Russia that will create opportunities for increasing competitiveness in the transition of the world food systems from conventional agriculture to Agriculture 4.0. Science and technology-based innovations for transforming food systems in Russia include productivity growth through breeding technologies and improved genetics, in combination with technologies that will ensure optimal realization of this potential (feed additives, fertilizers, plant protection products, animal health, and other so-called “package” solutions). The introduction of digital technologies and cross-platform solutions in agriculture, to reduce the gaps in labor productivity, will increase overall productivity and reduce food losses. Diversification of food products includes priorities for high-margin segments of healthy, functional and personalized nutrition, and the deep processing of agricultural commodities. The paper explores closed farming systems (including “urban farming”) that are independent of external climatic and biological factors. Development of the agricultural waste recycling sector is a priority too. Russia lags behind its competitors in terms of the scientific quality of its production. This is due to a lack of efficiency in the financing of agricultural science, as well as an imbalance within its structure. An increasingly acute problem of the transition of Russian food systems to the innovative path is the reduction of human resources. This trend is typical both in the scientific sector, where it is expressed in a decrease in the number of researchers and an aging staff (which threatens the continuity in the established scientific schools and the viability of research teams) and in agriculture as a whole.
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Crowley, Stephen. « Russia’s Labor Productivity Trap ». Dans Putin's Labor Dilemma, 47–69. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756276.003.0003.

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This chapter evaluates some of the consequences of Russia's model of labor market, namely low wages and struggling industrial enterprises, and especially low labor productivity, a crucial factor impinging on economic growth. Yet instead of tackling that problem head-on, the government has pursued industrial policies that reinforce it by maintaining employment. These include bailouts and subsidies to industry, protectionist measures, efforts to create an industrial policy through import substitution, and support for and expansion of state-owned enterprises, in particular those in military industries and the automobile sector. While there is little doubt that the expansion of state-owned enterprises was driven by politically powerful and well-connected individuals seeking to profit financially, another factor cannot be excluded: the perceived importance of avoiding mass layoffs so as to prevent potentially destabilizing labor protest. While critics claim that the Russian economy props up inefficient enterprises in paternalist fashion for the sake of employment, the issue of jobs is a core political concern for leaders like Vladimir Putin.
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Miller, Chris. « Wages and Welfare ». Dans Putinomics. University of North Carolina Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469640662.003.0006.

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As Russia’s firms got more productive, living standards shot up. For one thing, companies started offering far more variety. The consumer paradise that advocates of a market economy had promised long-suffering Russians finally arrived. At the same time, higher productivity meant higher wages. Real wages increased every year of Putin’s presidency until 2014, averaging 15% per year from 2000 to 2008. At the same time, higher tax collection let the government boost pension payouts, helping older Russians, almost all of whom relied on state pensions as their primary source of retirement income. Yet higher pensions did not augur the return of an extensive welfare state, as the government eliminated many benefits. At the same time, the government kept labor protections weak, and Russia’s labor market continues to be far more flexible than many other European countries. Encouraged by his liberal economic advisers, Putin has implemented economically orthodox welfare and labor market policies, earning solid marks from the IMF. The tremendous wage growth of the 2000s, however, meant that most Russians were happy to ignore weak social protections in exchange for an ever-expanding paycheck.
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Crowley, Stephen. « Overcoming Russia’s Labor Dilemma ». Dans Putin's Labor Dilemma, 202–12. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756276.003.0010.

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This concluding chapter reflects on Russia's labor dilemma. Top officials, from Vladimir Putin on down, have declared that boosting labor productivity has become a paramount goal, in order to kick-start economic growth. One avenue for doing so is to focus on “cities instead of oil” — that is, to direct government attention and resources toward building a handful of “global cities” beyond Moscow and St. Petersburg. However, a major policy plan to shift investment elsewhere runs no small risk of greater protest down the road. The only alternative to further neoliberal reforms imposed on society in the hopes of jump-starting economic growth, or economic stagnation alongside an evermore severe paternalism, would be to permit society to organize, allow real trade unions to assert the interests of their members, to push up wages and benefits for the unemployed and the poor.
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Walter, Y. Oi. « Productivity, Employment, and Wages ». Dans Labor Markets, Employment Policy, and Job Creation, 221–44. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429046834-10.

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« Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics ». Dans Sex Differences in Labor Markets, 222–56. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918-15.

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Hellerstein, Judith, et Kenneth Troske. « Wages, productivity, and worker characteristics ». Dans Sex Differences in Labor Markets. Routledge, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203799918.ch9.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

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Chernopyatov, Alexander, Ludmila Makuschenko, Maksim Mordanov, Mariya Zalevskaya, Anna Korepanova et Vera Popova. « Correlation of Wages and Labor Productivity in Russia and Abroad ». Dans VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference 'Current problems of social and labour relations' (ISPC-CPSLR 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210322.101.

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Pochekutova, Elena. « Regional Aspect of the Dynamics of Wages and Labor Productivity in Russia ». Dans Proceedings of the Ecological-Socio-Economic Systems : Models of Competition and Cooperation (ESES 2019). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200113.046.

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Vinogradova, A. V., et J. A. Grinevich. « Wages Level and Labor Productivity Relationship in Different Russian Economy Segments in 2004–2018 ». Dans International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.174.

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Xie, Huixuan. « What is the Relationship Among Wages, Supplementary Labor Income, Unemployment and Productivity ? » Dans 6th Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development (SSCHD 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210121.006.

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Potaptseva, E. V., S. N. Smirnykh et M. V. Franz. « Identification of Structural Changes in Labor Productivity in Russia ». Dans International Scientific and Practical Conference “Russia 2020 - a new reality : economy and society” (ISPCR 2020). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210222.055.

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Konya, Sevilay, Zeynep Karaçor et Mücahide Küçüksucu. « Panel Estimation for the Relationship between Real Wage, Inflation and Labor Productivity for OECD Countries ». Dans International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02305.

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There are studies examining the relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity in the economic literature. Increase in real wages causes to an increase in labor productivity. On the other hand, productivity increases also induce inflation to fall. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity in the 22 OECD countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, France, Greece, Hungary, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, United States) in the period of 1995-2017 by panel data methods. According to results, the cointegration relationship between real wage, inflation and labor productivity was found. In addition, mutual causality was determined between the variables we discussed.
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Smirnykh, Svetlana, Ekaterina Potaptseva et Irina Skvortsova. « Neoindustrial Policy to Stimulate Labor Productivity in the Regions of Russia ». Dans Proceedings of the 2nd International Scientific conference on New Industrialization : Global, national, regional dimension (SICNI 2018). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/sicni-18.2019.171.

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« ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF WAGE-TO-LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY CORRELATIONON THE EXAMPLE OF SAMARA REGION ». Dans Russian science : actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2019.10-1-513/517.

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Kraftová, Ivana, et Jiří Kraft. « Přináší regionu větší kapitálová vybavenost práce vyšší mzdu ? Případ českých regionů ». Dans XXIII. mezinárodní kolokvium o regionálních vědách / 23rd International Colloquium on Regional Sciences. Brno : Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9610-2020-2.

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The article pays attention to the relation between capital equipment of labor and wage levels on the example of the Czech regions. Its main aim is to assess the relationship of the capital equipment of labor (expressed in terms of foreign direct investment and hours worked) to the wage level using correlation analysis, as well as the relationship of the capital equipment of labor and productivity in the regions of the Czech Republic. In addition, the validity of the relation “labor productivity is higher than the wage level” is verified using a comparison of standardized values of the indicators. The results show a high spatial dispersion of foreign direct investment in the Czech Republic, caused mainly by the Prague region. The positive correlation between the capital equipment of labor and wage levels, but also productivity, is statistically significant in the Czech regions. The problem of most Czech regions is the situation when the wage level exceeds the productivity level. Thus, the capital equipment of labor should firstly have a positive effect on the unit performance of labor, which would be rightly followed by increasing wages.
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Tumilevich, E. N. « Labor Productivity In Russian's Regions : Problems And Growth Perspectives ». Dans CIEDR 2018 - The International Scientific and Practical Conference "Contemporary Issues of Economic Development of Russia : Challenges and Opportunities". Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.04.93.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Wages and labor productivity – Russia"

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Cette, Gilbert, Jimmy Lopez et Jacques Mairesse. Product and Labor Market Regulations, Production Prices, Wages and Productivity. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, octobre 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w20563.

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Fontanari, Claudia, et Antonella Palumbo. Permanent Scars : The Effects of Wages on Productivity. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, juillet 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp187.

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This paper explores how stagnating real wages may have contributed to the slowdown of US productivity. Through shift-share analysis, we find that after a sharp change in distribution against wages, some historically high-productivity sectors (like manufacturing) switched towards slower productivity growth. This supports our hypothesis that the anemic growth of productivity may be partly due to the trend toward massive use of cheap labor. Our estimation of Sylos Labini’s productivity equation confirms the existence of two direct effects of wages, one acting through the incentive to mechanization and the other through the incentive to reorganize labor use. We also show that labor ‘weakness’ may exert a further negative effect on labor productivity. On the whole, we find that a persistent regime of low wages may determine very negative long-term consequences on the economy.
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Neumark, David. Alternative Labor Market Policies to Increase Economic Self-Sufficiency : Mandating Higher Wages, Subsidizing Employment, and Increasing Productivity. Cambridge, MA : National Bureau of Economic Research, mars 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14807.

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Hamann, Franz, Cesar Anzola, Oscar Avila-Montealegre, Juan Carlos Castro-Fernandez, Anderson Grajales-Olarte, Alexander Guarín, Juan C. Mendez-Vizcaino, Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro et Mario A. Ramos-Veloza. Monetary Policy Response to a Migration Shock : An Analysis for a Small Open Economy. Banco de la República de Colombia, janvier 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1153.

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We develop a small open economy model with nominal rigidities and fragmented labor markets to study the response of the monetary policy to a migration shock. Migrants are characterized by their productivity levels, their restrictions to accumulate capital, as well as by the flexibility of their labor income. Our results show that the monetary policy response depends on the characteristics of migrants and the local labor market. An inflow of low(high)-productivity workers reduces(increases) marginal costs, lowers(raises) inflation expectations and pushes the Central Bank to reduce(increase) the interest rate. The model is calibrated to the Colombian economy and used to analyze a migratory inflow of financially constraint workers from Venezuela into a sector with flexible and low wages.
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Bonilla-Mejía, Leonardo, Luz Adriana Flórez, Didier Hermida, Francisco Javier Lasso-Valderrama, Leonardo Fabio Morales, Juan José Ospina--Tejeiro et José Pulido. Is the Covid-19 Pandemic Fast-Tracking Automation in Developing Countries ? Evidence from Colombia. Banco de la República, octobre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1209.

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This paper assesses whether the Covid-19 pandemic accelerated automation in developing countries. We studied the case of Colombia, a country with low R&D and productivity and with high labor informality and unemployment. We estimated event-study models to assess the differential effect of the pandemic on job openings and salaried employment by the potential degree of automation of each occupation. Our results suggest that both vacancies and salaried employment fell more in highly automatable occupations during the pandemic and have since experienced a slower recovery. The effect of the pandemic on automation is mostly driven by sectors that were affected by mobility restrictions. We also found heterogeneous effects by age and gender. The acceleration of automation is mainly affecting the labor market for females and individuals over the age of 40. Finally, we explored the differential effect on occupations with wages around the minimum wage. We found that occupations with wages close to the minimum wage exhibit the highest effect, especially at the onset of the pandemic.
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