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Yuan, Xue, Sun Ningyue, Li Guowu та Yang Guangming. "Hydroplumboelsmoreite, (Pb1□1)Σ2(W1.33Fe3+0.67)Σ2O6(H2O), a redefined mineral species of the elsmoreite group from China". Mineralogical Magazine 85, № 6 (2021): 890–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.86.
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AbstractHydroplumboelsmoreite (IMA21-C), (Pb,□)2(W,Fe3+)2O6(H2O), is a redefined elsmoreite-group mineral in the pyrochlore supergroup. It was found in a ‘jixianite’ cotype specimen provided by Mr. Liu Jianchang, who first found ‘jixianite’ in 1979 in the Jizhou District, Tianjin City, China. The mineral occurs as yellow to reddish brown aggregates, together with raspite and another elsmoreite-group mineral under study. Hydroplumboelsmoreite occurs in cryptocrystalline form and occasionally in octahedral microcrystalline form (under 20 μm in size). The crystals are colourless and translucent with a white streak, and the lustre is adamantine to greasy. Hydroplumboelsmoreite is isotropic, with a calculated refractive index of 2.29, a Mohs hardness of ~4½–5, and a calculated density of 7.47 g⋅cm−3. The strongest five powder X-ray diffraction lines [d in Å(I)(hkl)] are 6.070(28)(111), 3.012(100)(222), 2.603(32)(004), 1.836(35)(044) and 1.568(30)(226). The crystal structure was refined to R1 = 0.0459 using 80 unique reflections collected with MoKα radiation, and the results show that the mineral is cubic, space group Fd$\bar{3}$m, with a = 10.3377(5) Å, V = 1104.77(16) Å3 and Z = 8. Electron microprobe analyses and crystal structure refinement were used to determine the empirical formula: (Pb1.05Sr0.05Ce3+0.07Na0.01□0.82)Σ2.00(W1.32Fe3+0.67Zr0.01)Σ2.00O6[(H2O)0.43O0.19□0.38]Σ1.00. The mineral was named hydroplumboelsmoreite based on the predominance of Pb, W, and molecular H2O in the A, B and Y sites, respectively.
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Ohira, Itaru, Jennifer M. Jackson, Natalia V. Solomatova та ін. "Compressional behavior and spin state of δ-(Al,Fe)OOH at high pressures". American Mineralogist 104, № 9 (2019): 1273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6913.
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Abstract Hydrogen transport from the surface to the deep interior and distribution in the mantle are important in the evolution and dynamics of the Earth. An aluminum oxy-hydroxide, δ-AlOOH, might influence hydrogen transport in the deep mantle because of its high stability extending to lower mantle conditions. The compressional behavior and spin states of δ-(Al,Fe3+)OOH phases were investigated with synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy under high pressure and room temperature. Pressure-volume (P-V) profiles of the δ-(Al0.908(9)57Fe0.045(1))OOH1.14(3) [Fe/(Al+Fe) = 0.047(10), δ-Fe5] and the δ-(Al0.832(5)57Fe0.117(1))OOH1.15(3) [Fe/(Al+Fe) = 0.123(2), δ-Fe12] show that these hydrous phases undergo two distinct structural transitions involving changes in hydrogen bonding environments and a high- to low-spin crossover in Fe3+. A change of axial compressibility accompanied by a transition from an ordered (P21nm) to disordered hydrogen bond (Pnnm) occurs near 10 GPa for both δ-Fe5 and δ-Fe12 samples. Through this transition, the crystallographic a and b axes become stiffer, whereas the c axis does not show such a change, as observed in pure δ-AlOOH. A volume collapse due to a transition from high- to low-spin states in the Fe3+ ions is complete below 32–40 GPa in δ-Fe5 and δ-Fe12, which i ~10 GPa lower than that reported for pure ε-FeOOH. Evaluation of the Mössbauer spectra of δ-(Al0.824(10)57Fe0.126(4))OOH1.15(4) [Fe/(Al+Fe) = 0.133(3), δ-Fe13] also indicate a spin transition between 32–45 GPa. Phases in the δ-(Al,Fe)OOH solid solution with similar iron concentrations as those studied here could cause an anomalously high ρ/νΦ ratio (bulk sound velocity, defined as K/ρ at depths corresponding to the spin crossover region (~900 to ~1000 km depth), whereas outside the spin crossover region a low ρ/νΦ anomaly would be expected. These results suggest that the δ-(Al,Fe)OOH solid solution may play an important role in understanding the heterogeneous structure of the deep Earth.
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Hummel, Karl-Martin, Jürgen Krüger, Hansmartin Schwarzmaier, and Udo Wennemuth. "Rezension von: Krüger, Jürgen; Schwarzmaier, Hansmartin; Wennemuth, Udo (Hrsg.), Das evangelische Pfarrhaus im deutschsprachigen Südwesten." Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 74 (March 22, 2022): 447–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/zwlg.v74i.2204.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Jürgen Krüger / Hansmartin Schwarzmaier / Udo Wennemuth (Hg.), Das evangelische Pfarrhaus im deutschsprachigen Südwesten (Oberrheinische Studien, Bd. 32), Ostfildern: Jan Thorbecke Verlag 2014. 388 S. mit 32 Farbtafeln und 17 s/w Abb. ISBN 978-3-7995-7832-5. € 34,–
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Zapała, Adam. "Geneza kazań Jana Frankensteina scio quid faciam." Nasza Przeszłość 122 (December 30, 2014): 15–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.52204/np.2014.122.15-32.
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W bibliotece Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego przechowywany jest rękopis BUWr I Q 377, zawierający kolekcję przykładowych kazań Jana Frankensteina, wybitnego piętnastowiecznego intelektualisty, kaznodziei, inkwizytora Wrocławskiego, zaangażowanego w późnośredniowieczny ruch odnowy Kościoła. Choć rękopis ten był wielokrotnie wzmiankowany w historiografii, to jednak duża część kazań w nim zawartych nie doczekała się do tej pory omówienia. Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest genezie dwóch spośród rzeczonych kazań. Kazania Scio quid faciam odnoszą się do tego samego tematu i w dużej mierze są tożsame w treści (choć jedno ma 15 stron, drugie zaś tylko 5). Są to kazania przeznaczone na czas zarazy i zawierają rady dotyczące życia i pełnienia posługi duszpasterskiej w zakażonym mieście. Zostały one przygotowane podczas zarazy 1439 roku we Wrocławiu, dla podniesienia poziomu moralnego tamtejszych ojców dominikanów i zapisane w przez Frankensteina jako dwie wersje modelowego tekstu na czas zarazy.
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Kruppa, Nathalie, Dietmar Schiersner, Volker Trugenberger, and Wolfgang Zimmermann. "Rezension von: Schiersner, Dietmar; Trugenberger, Volker; Zimmermann, Wolfgang (Hrsg.), Adelige Damenstifte Oberschwabens in der Frühen Neuzeit." Zeitschrift für Württembergische Landesgeschichte 72 (April 7, 2022): 603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.53458/zwlg.v72i.2439.
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Dietmar Schiersner, Volker Trugenberger und Wolfgang Zimmermann (Hg.): Adelige Damenstifte Oberschwabens in der Frühen Neuzeit. Selbstverständnis, Spielräume, Alltag (Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für geschichtliche Landeskunde in Baden-Württemberg Reihe B: Forschungen, 187. Band). Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer 2011. IX, 322 S., 12 ganzseitige Farb- und s/w Abb. auf Kunstdrucktafeln, weitere 10 s/w Abb., Register. ISBN 978-3-17-022051-5. € 32,–
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Radkowski, A., S. Korzeniowski, and B. Sas-Korczyńska. "5 Równoczasowa chemioterapia chorych na drobnokomórkowego raka płuc (DKRP) w postaci ograniczonej. Doświadczenia własne w pilotowej grupie 32 chorych." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 3 (1998): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1507-1367(98)70179-8.
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van Hoek, Angela H. A. M., Sigrid Mayrhofer, Konrad J. Domig, et al. "Mosaic Tetracycline Resistance Genes and Their Flanking Regions in Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Lactobacillus johnsonii." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 1 (2007): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00714-07.
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ABSTRACT For the first time, mosaic tetracycline resistance genes were identified in Lactobacillus johnsonii and in Bifidobacterium thermophilum strains. The L. johnsonii strain investigated contains a complex hybrid gene, tet(O/W/32/O/W/O), whereas the five bifidobacterial strains possess two different mosaic tet genes: i.e., tet(W/32/O) and tet(O/W). As reported by others, the crossover points of the mosaic tet gene segments were found at similar positions within the genes, suggesting a hot spot for recombination. Analysis of the sequences flanking these genes revealed that the upstream part corresponds to the 5′ end of the mosaic open reading frame. In contrast, the downstream region was shown to be more variable. Surprisingly, in one of the B. thermophilum strains a third tet determinant was identified, coding for the efflux pump Tet(L).
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Malicki, J., G. Kosicka, G. Stryczyńska, and J. Wachowiak. "32 Porównanie rozkładu dawek w ciele chorego podczas napromienianiania całego ciała w technice radioterapiiCo-60 i akceleratorem X 15 MeV." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 4, no. 4 (1999): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1507-1367(99)70032-5.
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Boynton, Jason R., Fabian Danner, Paolo Menaspà, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, and Chris R. Abbiss. "Effect of Environmental Temperature on High-Intensity Intervals in Well-Trained Cyclists." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 10 (2019): 1401–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0689.
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Purpose: To examine the effect of environmental temperature (TA) on performance and physiological responses (eg, body temperature, cardiopulmonary measures) during a high-intensity aerobic interval session. It was hypothesized that power output would be highest in the 13°C condition and lower in the 5°C, 22°C, and 35°C conditions. Methods: Eleven well-trained cyclists randomly completed 4 interval sessions at 5°C, 13°C, 22°C, and 35°C (55% [13%] relative humidity), each involving five 4-min intervals interspersed with 5 min of recovery. During the intervals, power output, core temperature (TC), skin temperature, VO2, and heart rate were recorded. Results: Mean session power output for 13°C (366 [32] W) was not higher than 5°C (363 [32] W; P = 1.00, effect size = 0.085), 22°C (364 [36] W; P = 1.00, effect size = 0.061), or 35°C (352 [31] W; P = .129, effect size = 0.441). The 5th interval of the 35°C condition had a lower power output compared with all other TA. TC was higher in 22°C compared with both 5°C and 13°C (P = .001). VO2 was not significantly different across TA (P = .187). Heart rate was higher in the 4th and 5th intervals of 35°C compared with 5°C and 13°C. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that while mean power outputs for intervals are similar across TA, hot TA (≥35°C) reduces interval power output later in a training session. Well-trained cyclists performing maximal high-intensity aerobic intervals can achieve near-optimal power output over a broader range of TA than previous literature would indicate.
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Tang, Yulong, Yong Yang, and Jianqiu Xu. "High PowerTm3+-Doped Fiber Lasers Tuned by a Variable Reflective Output Coupler." Research Letters in Optics 2008 (2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2008/919403.
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Wide wavelength tuning by a variable reflective output coupler is demonstrated in high-power double-cladTm3+-doped silica fiber lasers diode-pumped at∼790 nm. Varying the output coupling from 96% to 5%, the laser wavelength is tuned over a range of 106 nm from 1949 to 2055 nm. The output power exceeds 20 W over 90-nm range and the maximum output power is 32 W at 1949 nm for 51-W launched pump power, corresponding to a slope efficiency of∼70%. Assisted with different fiber lengths, the tuning range is expanded to 240 nm from 1866 to 2107 nm with the output power larger than 10 W.
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BEZERRA-SANTOS, MARCOS ANTÔNIO, BÁRBARA CRISTINA FÉLIX NOGUEIRA, RAFAEL ANTONIO NASCIMENTO RAMOS, DONALD W. DUSZYNSKI, JACKSON VICTOR DE ARAÚJO, and ARTUR KANADANI CAMPOS. "Eimeria spp. (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) and description of a new species infecting this opossum." Zootaxa 4878, no. 3 (2020): 572–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4878.3.8.
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Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied, 1826 is a marsupial well adapted to anthropogenic activity and commonly found in urban areas of Brazil. Among the gastrointestinal parasites found in this opossum, protozoa of the genus Eimeria are frequently detected. This study investigated the biodiversity of Eimeria species infecting D. aurita in Southeastern Brazil, and provides morphological data on a newly discovered species of Eimeria. From January to June 2019, 43 D. aurita were captured, and their fecal samples were collected and evaluated by salt flotation; positive samples were allowed to sporulate in 2.5% potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), and detailed morphological measurements were performed to determine the species present. Thirty-two of forty-three (74.4%) opossums were infected with from one to five Eimeria spp. Four of the eimerians were described and named previously by others: Eimeria auritanensis, Eimeria caluromydis, Eimeria gambai, and Eimeria philanderi. Additionally, sporulated oocysts of a species new to science were detected. Oocysts of this new Eimeria species are spheroidal to subspheroidal, 21.7 × 20.7 (20-23 × 19-23), length/width (L/W) ratio 1.05, with a highly refractile polar granule, but lacking a micropyle and oocyst residuum. Sporocysts are ovoidal, 10.6 × 8.0 (9-12 × 7-9), L/W ratio 1.3, with a small, Stieda body and a sporocyst residuum of diffuse granules. Of the infected opossums, 5/32 (16%) were infected with only one Eimeria sp., 6/32 (19%) with two, 15/32 (47%) with three, 5/32 (16%) with four and 1/32 (3%) with five Eimerians.
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Pszona, S., W. Bulski, C. Kępka, et al. "5/Czynniki wpływające na rozkład dawki od liniowych źródeł P-32 stosowanych w brachterapii naczyń wieńcowych." Reports of Practical Oncology & Radiotherapy 9 (2004): S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1507-1367(04)70837-8.
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Laskowski, Andrzej. "Lista Pomników Historii w ocenie studentów uczelni ekonomicznej." Protection of cultural heritage, no. 7 (December 9, 2019): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/odk.209.
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Artykuł przedstawia rezultaty zadania powierzonego studentom kierunku Towaroznawstwo na Uniwersytecie Ekonomicznym w Krakowie wiosną 2018 roku w ramach przedmiotu Ochrona dóbr kultury z aspektami celnymi. Na liście PH znajdowało się wówczas 91 miejsc i obiektów, a zadaniem studentów było krytyczne odniesienie się do zawartości listy poprzez wskazanie miejsc i obiektów, których obecność na liście budzi ich zdziwienie lub sprzeciw oraz zaproponowanie takich, które w ich ocenie powinny się na niej znaleźć, a jednak ich nie ma.
 W tej pierwszej kategorii najwięcej osób (aż 8 z 32 wypowiadających się) wyraziło zdziwienie umieszczeniem na liście stadniny koni w Janowie Podlaskim, z czego 5 uznało, iż obiektu tego nie powinno być na liście w ogóle. Bardzo krytycznie (3 głosy zdecydowanej dezaprobaty) oceniono też Łódź – wielokulturowy krajobraz miasta przemysłowego. Jeśli chodzi o uzupełnianie listy, to najwięcej osób (5) dostrzegło konieczność wpisania na nią Auschwitz Birkenau - niemieckiego nazistowskiego obozu koncentracyjnego i zagłady oraz Twierdzy Przemyśl (4), co w tym drugim przypadku stało się już faktem. Realizacja zadania pokazała, iż taka forma ochrony zabytków jest w Polsce potrzebna, a emocje, jakie budzi zawartość listy PH mogą mieć walor edukacyjny i popularyzatorski.
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Kubies, Grzegorz. "Musica non grata? Motywy i obrazy muzyczne w Księdze Izajasza." Ruch Biblijny i Liturgiczny 67, no. 4 (2014): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.21906/rbl.49.
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W prezentowanym artykule dokonuję interpretacji motywów i obrazów muzycznych w Księdze Izajasza, dziele zredagowanym w V wieku przed Chrystusem lub później, łączonym z imieniem wybitnego proroka z VIII wieku przed Chrystusem. Zasadnicze rozważania muzykologiczne poprzedzają uwagi na temat biblijnego profetyzmu, czynności symbolicznych, pośród nich muzyki oraz osoby samego proroka. Materiał badawczy – jedenaście fragmentów, w których wzmiankowane są instrumenty muzyczne (ḥālîl, šōpār, tōp, kinnôr, nēbel) został podzielony na trzy grupy. W pierwszej (2 fragmenty) omawiam topos rogu-narzędzia sygnalizacyjnego, w drugiej (6 fragmentów) podejmuję zagadnienia starożytnej praktyki wykonawczej. W ostatniej grupie (3 fragmenty) poddaję analizie fragmenty, w których instrumenty muzyczne pojawiają się w ramach konstrukcji semantyczno-stylistycznej, jaką jest porównanie. Wszystkie omawiane motywy i obrazy muzyczne zostały ukazane w szerokim kontekście biblijno-kulturowym. W rozważaniach nie zabrakło odniesień do innych ksiąg biblijnych. Tekst Biblii Tysiąclecia (wyd. 5, Poznań 2000), który został uzupełniony o nazwy hebrajskie, jest konfrontowany z innymi współczesnymi przekładami – Biblią Warszawską (1975) i Biblią Lubelską (1991–). Choć muzyka w Księdze Izajasza jest łączona z pijaństwem (Iz 5, 12; 24, 10), prostytucją (Iz 23, 16), kojarzona z wrogimi potęgami (Iz 14, 11; 30, 32), to – podkreślmy – „rozbrzmiewa” także ad maiorem Dei gloriam (Iz 30, 29; 38, 20), nie jest sztuką niechcianą (non grata). Z negatywnym obrazem muzyki nie można w żaden sposób łączyć rogu (Iz 18, 3; 27, 13; 58, 1).
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Yassin, Zawanah, Yin Li Tan, Akila SRV, et al. "Effects of Xanthan Gum, Lambda-Carrageenan and Psyllium Husk on the Physical Characteristics and Glycaemic Potency of White Bread." Foods 11, no. 10 (2022): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11101513.
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White bread contains a high proportion of easily digestible starch, which contributes to an undesirable rapid increase in blood glucose concentration. This study investigated the effects of nonstarch polysaccharides (NSP) -xanthan gum, lambda-carrageenan and psyllium husk on the physical functionality and glycaemic potency of white bread. The amount of water for each formulation was adjusted based on DoughLab set at a target torque value of ~500 FU for sufficient dough development. Adding NSP generally resulted in significantly increased loaf volumes and decreased hardness. The glycaemic potency (glycaemic glucose equivalents (GGE) g) of bread was found to be reduced with the addition of NSP at all levels (1, 3 and 5% w/w based on flour weight). Increasing the concentration of xanthan gum and lambda-carrageenan did not show any further decrease in the glycaemic potency. Notably, adding 5% w/w psyllium husk significantly reduced the glycaemic potency from ~49 GGE/100 g in the reference bread to 32 GGE/100 g. The reduction in the glycaemic potency was attributed to viscosity effects (for xanthan) and starch–NSP interactions (for psyllium husk). Overall, the 5% w/w psyllium husk bread sample was most promising in terms of both physical characteristics and its effect on in vitro glucose release.
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SOUZA-MOSIMANN, Roseli Maria de, Aidalea Sprada TAVARES, and Vilma Pereira FREITAS. "CONTRIBUIÇÃO AO CONHECIMENTO DA DIATOMOFLÓRULA DO CONTEÚDO ESTOMACAL DE ALGUMAS ESPÉCIES DE PEIXES DA AMAZÔNIA. I - MYLEUS SP. (PACU) DO LAGO DO PRATO, AM., BRASIL." Acta Amazonica 27, no. 1 (1997): 9–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43921997271026.
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Um estudo taxonômico da flora de diatomáceas (Bacillariophyceae) no conteúdo estomacal de Myleus sp. (Pacú), do lago do Prato, no Arquipélago de Anavilhanas - Rio Negro -Amazônia (60° 45'W 2o 43'S) é apresentado. Foram identificados 32 táxons específicos e infraespecíficos, distribuídos em 10 gêneros e 5 famílias. Eunotia foi o gênero melhor representado.
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Bi, Wenchao, Guohua Gao, Yingjie Wu, et al. "Novel three-dimensional island-chain structured V2O5/graphene/MWCNT hybrid aerogels for supercapacitors with ultralong cycle life." RSC Advances 7, no. 12 (2017): 7179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra25077g.
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Novel 3D island-chain structured V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>/graphene/MWCNT hybrid aerogels are synthesized by a sol–gel method which exhibit enhanced specific capacitance (504 F g<sup>−1</sup>), large energy density (70 W h kg<sup>−1</sup>) and outstanding cyclic property (82.9% retention after 32 500 cycles).
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Lye, Ching T., Swarup Mukherjee, and Stephen F. Burns. "Combining Plant Sterols With Walking Lowers Postprandial Triacylglycerol More Than Walking Only in Chinese Men With Elevated Body Mass Index." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 29, no. 6 (2019): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0398.
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This study examined if plant sterols and walking reduce postprandial triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations in Chinese men with elevated body mass index (≥ 23.5 kg/m2). Fifteen Chinese men (mean [SD]: age = 25 [3] years and body mass index = 26.2 [1.5] kg/m2] completed four 10-day trials in random order with a 7- to 10-day washout between trials: (a) daily consumption of a control margarine while sedentary (C-S), (b) daily consumption of margarine containing 2 g/day of plant sterols while sedentary (PS-S), (c) daily consumption of a control margarine with 30-min daily walking (C-W), and (d) daily consumption of margarine containing 2 g/day of plant sterols with 30-min daily walking (PS-W). On Day 11 of each trial, postprandial TAG was measured after a high-fat milkshake. The 5-hr total area under the TAG curve was 22%, 25%, and 12% lower on PS-W (mean [SD]: 8.9 [4.3] mmol·5 hr/L) than C-S (11.4 [4.5] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .005; d = 0.56), PS-S (11.9 [4.9] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .004; d = 0.67), and C-W (10.1 [4.4] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .044; d = 0.27) trials, respectively. Similarly, 5-hr incremental area for PS-W (4.5 [2.7] mmol·5 hr/L) was 31%, 32%, and 18% lower than C-S (6.6 [3.3] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .005; d = 0.62), PS-S (6.6 [3.4] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .004; d = 0.64), and C-W (5.5 [2.8] mmol·5 hr/L; p = .032; d = 0.29). Ten days of daily plant sterol intake combined with walking presents an intervention strategy to lower postprandial TAG in Chinese men with elevated body mass index.
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Ferretti, Guido, Hans E. Berg, Alberto E. Minetti, Christian Moia, Susanna Rampichini, and Marco V. Narici. "Maximal instantaneous muscular power after prolonged bed rest in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 2 (2001): 431–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.2.431.
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A reduction in lower limb cross-sectional area (CSA) occurs after bed rest (BR). This should lead to an equivalent reduction in maximal instantaneous muscular power (W˙p) if the body segments' lengths remain unchanged. W˙p was determined during maximal jumps off both feet on a force platform before and on days 2, 6, 10, 32, and 48 after a 42-day duration BR. CSA of thigh muscles was measured by magnetic resonance imaging before and on day 5 after BR. Before BR, W˙p was 3.63 ± 0.43 kW or 48.6 ± 3.3 W/kg. On days 2 and 6 after BR, W˙p was reduced by 23.7 ± 6.9 and 22.7 ± 5.4% ( P < 0.01), respectively. Thigh extensors CSA (CSAext) was 16.7 ± 4.7% ( P < 0.01) lower than before. When normalized per CSAext, W˙p was reduced by only 4.8 ± 4.5% ( P < 0.05). By day 48 of recovery,W˙p had returned to baseline values. Therefore, ifW˙p is appropriately normalized for CSA of the extensor muscles, the reduction in CSAext explains most of the decrease in W˙p decrease after BR. Other factors such as a deficit in neural activation or a decrease in fiber-specific tension may account for only 5% of theW˙p loss after BR.
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Jasiński OFM, Andrzej Sebastian. "Pokutna modlitwa psalmisty." Scriptura Sacra, no. 21 (July 17, 2021): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/scrs/4158.
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Ps 6 jest lamentem indywidualnym (struktura: ww. 2-4 lament; ww. 5-8 modlitwa o uzdrowienie; ww. 9-11 dziękczynienie). Lamenty w Biblii dotyczą bardzo różnorodnej tematyki. Ps 6 jest pierwszym z siedmiu psalmów pokutnych (Ps 6; 32; 38; 51; 102; 130; 143). Ww. 2-3 ukazują wszechobecną moc grzechu. Grzech ma wpływ na całą egzystencję, o czym świadczy użycie słów „kości” (fizyczne) i „dusza” (cała istota). W istocie psalmista próbuje błagać Boga, mówiąc: „Jeśli mnie nie wybawisz, będziesz miał o jednego czciciela mniej”. Psalmista kładzie wysoką wartość na chwałę Boga jako kartę przetargową.
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Godlewska, Małgorzata. "Partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne w sektorze ochrony zdrowia." Studia i Prace Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów, no. 168 (August 5, 2019): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/sip.2018.168.7.
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Celem artykułu jest zbadanie, czy partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne (PPP) jest szansą, czy zagrożeniem dla sektora ochrony zdrowia w Polsce, który boryka się z niedoborem środków finansowych na odtworzenie przestarzałej i wyeksploatowanej infrastruktury. Badanie przeprowadzono na podstawie analizy case study (n = 15) projektów PPP realizowanych w sektorze ochrony zdrowia (w Wielkiej Brytanii n = 5; w Portugalii n = 5 i w Polsce n = 5) oraz indywidualnych wywiadów pogłębionych (n = 32) z partnerami publicznymi i prywatnymi realizującymi projekty PPP, w tym w sektorze ochrony zdrowia w Polsce (n = 2), a także rozmów przeprowadzonych w ramach panelu ekspertów z przedstawicielami: partnerów publicznych i prywatnych, świata nauki, instytucji wspierających rozwój PPP w Polsce i z reprezentantami firm doradczych. PPP jest uznawane przez wielu naukowców za sprawdzoną i efektywną metodę realizacji inwestycji w sektorze ochrony zdrowia. W literaturze przedmiotu nie brakuje jednak głosów krytycznych pod adresem PPP. Pomimo toczącego się sporu, w Europie w latach 2012–2016 podpisanychzostało w sektorze ochrony zdrowia ponad 60 umów PPP, w modelu DBFO/DBFM, o wartości powyżej 10 mln euro. W Polsce mamy tylko jedną taką umowę PPP o wartości powyżej 10 mln zł, w modelu DBFOM, która jest w fazie realizacji (budowy). Tym niemniej odpowiedź na pytanie: czy PPP jest szansą, czy zagrożeniem dla sektora ochrony zdrowia w Polsce, nie jest jednoznaczna. Większość realizowanych na świecie projektów PFI/PPP w sektorze ochrony zdrowia jest obecnie w fazieeksploatacji/utrzymania, a tylko nieliczne uległy już zakończeniu. Tak więc nie jest jeszcze możliwe oszacowanie całkowitych kosztów cyklu życia wybudowanej w PFI/PPP infrastruktury, np. szpitali. Wyniki audytów projektów PFI/PPP realizowanych w sektorze ochrony zdrowia w Wielkiej Brytanii czy Portugalii również nie pozwalają na jednoznaczną odpowiedź na to pytanie. Mimo tych wątpliwości, w obliczu rosnącego zadłużenia podmiotów publicznych i wygaszania środków unijnych po 2020 r.,jedynym źródłem doinwestowania sektora ochrony zdrowia w Polsce może być właśnie współpraca pomiędzy partnerami publicznymi i prywatnymi w ramach PPP.
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LARDEUX, F., and J. CHEFFORT. "Temperature thresholds and statistical modelling of larval Wuchereria bancrofti (Filariidea: Onchocercidae) developmental rates." Parasitology 114, no. 2 (1997): 123–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182096008359.
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Developmental rates for Wuchereria bancrofti larvae maturing in the vector Aedes polynesiensis were estimated by analysing stage-frequency data consisting of counts of larval stages in mosquitoes reared at 20, 22·5, 25, 27·5, 30 and 32 °C. Base temperatures (i.e. low temperature thresholds) for W. bancrofti development were estimated by the x-intercept method and the model of Lactin et al. (1995). Resulting values were similar with both methods and were ≈12·5 °C for microfilariae (mf) in thorax, ≈17 °C for L1, 15·5 °C for L2 and 16·5 °C for L3. Upper thresholds estimated by the Lactin et al. model were 29·3 °C for mf, 29·1 °C for L1, 32·2 °C for L2 and 31·5 °C for L3. In addition, an original method was devised for computing the L3 upper threshold, by modelling L3 length shrinkage with temperature. It gave a value of 31·4 °C. At 32 °C, L2 and L3 stages exhibited altered morphology, larvae being shorter and wider than expected. The model of Lactin et al. described adequately the non-linear relationship between developmental rate and temperature, but a linear degree-day approach may be applied for temperatures below 27–28 °C.
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傅, 祖明. "粉末冶金Co-Cr-W-C合金的组织与性能". Chinese Science Bulletin 32, № 5 (1987): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1360/csb1987-32-5-390.
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Hackney, A. C., J. M. Shaw, J. A. Hodgdon, J. T. Coyne, and D. L. Kelleher. "Cold exposure during military operations: effects on anaerobic performance." Journal of Applied Physiology 71, no. 1 (1991): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1991.71.1.125.
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This study examined the effects of military field operations (MFO) under different environmental conditions on anaerobic performance. US Marines were tested in the field under the following conditions: 1) noncold environment (NC; n = 30, 10–32 degrees C) and 2) cold environment (CO; n = 32, -2 to -22 degrees C). Subjects performed 30-s Wingate tests (WIN) pre- and immediately post-MFO to assess anaerobic performance. The MFO consisted of approximately 4.5 days of combat training maneuvers while carrying field equipment (packs and weapon, approximately 25 kg). WIN measures obtained were absolute and relative mean power (MP), 5-s peak power (PP), and fatigue index (% decline). Significant main effects (P less than 0.01) were observed for time (pre-post MFO). Reductions occurred in absolute MP [651.8 +/- 30.3 to 616.4 +/- 28.5 (SE) W] and PP (897.8 +/- 41.6 to 857.0 +/- 39.1 W); however, no effect on fatigue index was seen. Significant interaction effects (P less than 0.05) were observed in relative measures. Reductions (pre-post) in MP (NC = 8.64 +/- 0.16 to 8.37 +/- 0.14 W/kg; CO = 8.91 +/- 0.26 to 8.04 +/- 0.15 W/kg) and PP (NC = 11.80 +/- 0.24 to 11.61 +/- 0.33 W/kg; CO = 12.23 +/- 0.35 to 11.20 +/- 0.19 W/kg) were greater under CO than NC conditions. These changes were found despite significant (P less than 0.05) but comparable pre-post weight reductions in both CO and NC conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Suter, Max. "The historical seismicity of northeastern Sonora and northwestern Chihuahua, Mexico (28–32°N, 106–111°W)." Journal of South American Earth Sciences 14, no. 5 (2001): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-9811(01)00050-5.
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Barkhudarov, E. M., G. V. Gelashvili, G. G. Gumberidze, and M. I. Taktakishvili. "Current generation in laser plasma using the preaction of low-energy radiation pulse on the target." Laser and Particle Beams 6, no. 4 (1988): 731–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460000567x.
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The paper demonstrates the possibility of the current increase in laser plasma by more than one order at the preaction of low-energy pulse on the target. The conversion effectivity of 0·32% is obtained at the intensity of the principal pulse of a CO2 laser equal to 4 × 109 W/cm2 and at the residual gas pressure of 10−5 torr.
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Darniadi, S., D. Amiarsi, T. Hidayat, and Setyadjit. "Foam-mat drying of potato powder: effect of foaming agents and preservatives agents on the physical attributes." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1024, no. 1 (2022): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1024/1/012009.
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Abstract Foam-mat drying is known for drying aqueous or semi-aqueous food products. This study aimed to investigate the influence of foaming agents and preservatives on the physical attributes of foam-mat dried potato powder. The foaming agents used were whey protein isolate/WPI (5% w/w) and glycerol monostearate/GMS (5% w/w), while the preservatives agents were ascorbic acid (25, 50, 100 ppm) and sodium metabisulfite (25, 50, 100 ppm). The foaming agents and preservative agents were added to the potato slurry and were whipped using a food mixer for 10 min (velocity= 100 rpm). The foamed potato was then removed to a stainless steel tray and oven-dried at 60 °rc for 6 h. The results showed that the yield of 55-60%, moisture content of 3.5-8%, L*value/lightness of 85-92, a* value/redness of – 2.7 to - 0.5, and b* value/yellowness of 20-32. Foam-mat drying is a feasible method for producing potato powder and gives products retaining colour properties of the original potato slurry.
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Strękowski, Stanisław. "Pojednanie w rodzinie na podstawie "Pasterza" Hermasa." Studia nad Rodziną 18, no. 1(34) (2014): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/snr.2014.34.1.01.
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 W literaturze starochrześcijańskiej jednym z niezwykle oryginalnych, interesujących i ważnych dla duchowości małżeństwa i rodziny utworów jest "Pasterz" Hermasa, powstały w Rzymie w połowie II wieku. Stylem nawiązuje do apokaliptyki rozpowszechnionej w środowiskach judaistycznych i judeochrześcijańskich od II wieku przed Chrystusem do II wieku po Chrystusie. Pouczenia zawarte w utworze są sformułowane w perspektywie ascezy eschatologicznej, charakterystycznej nie tylko dla wszystkich pism ojców apostolskich, lecz także licznych utworów II-III wieku. W pouczeniach dotyczących życia małżeńskiego i rodzinnego, szczególnie w kwestii przebaczenia i pojednania w przypadku cudzołóstwa, Hermas w sposób oryginalny rozwija doktrynę Nowego Testamentu. Nakazuje bowiem pojednać się i przyjąć do domu skruszonego i nawróconego grzesznika, lecz nie czynić tego wiele razy. Ten pogląd Hermasa zdradza próbę znalezienia oryginalnego rozwiązania, albowiem nie znajduje solidnego oparcia w tekstach biblijnych, ponieważ według orędzia Chrystusa grzesznik otrzymuje przebaczenie nie jeden raz po chrzcie, lecz za każdym razem, gdy skruszony i nawrócony wyznaje swoje grzechy (1 J 1, 9). Tekst "Pasterza" jest niewątpliwie rozszerzeniem nauki moralnej o cudzołóstwie w małżeństwie, według której sankcje dotyczą obu stron, a nie tylko żony, jak zdawałoby się wynikać bezpośrednio z tekstu Mt 5, 27-32.
 
 
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Domitrak, Julia. "Nazwy istot młodych w gwarach polskich na Brasławszczyźnie – konkurencja form rodzimych i zapożyczonych." Prace Filologiczne 73 (January 20, 2020): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32798/pf.484.
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Dzisiejsza Brasławszczyzna to graniczący z Litwą i Łotwą rejon brasławski, który znajduje się na północnym zachodzie Republiki Białorusi. Współcześnie rejon ten zamieszkuje 29 175 osób, w tym 5 444 Polaków (18,6%), 18 843 Białorusinów (64,6%), 4 160 Rosjan (14,2%). Liczba Polaków mieszkających w mieście wynosi ok. 32%, na wsi 68%. Na przykładzie wybranej kategorii, a mianowicie nazw istot młodych, przedstawiono zasób formantów tworzących wspomniane nazwy (zarówno charakterystyczne dla badanego obszaru, jak i mniej liczne czy jednostkowe, powstałe pod wpływem języków obcych), a także pokazano różnorodność form współfunkcjonujących na badanym terenie oraz podano frekwencję poszczególnych typów słowotwórczych.
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Nishiyasu, T., X. Shi, G. W. Mack, and E. R. Nadel. "Forearm vascular responses to baroreceptor unloading at the onset of dynamic exercise." Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no. 2 (1993): 979–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.2.979.
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To determine the extent to which reflexes accompanying muscular exercise (associated with central command) interact with cardiopulmonary (CP) baroreceptor-mediated reflexes controlling forearm vascular resistance (FVR), we examined the forearm vasoconstrictor response at the onset of dynamic exercise, with and without CP baroreflex unloading, in 10 physically active men. CP baroreceptors were unloaded by application of lower body negative pressure (LBNP) at rest and during five 4-min bouts of supine exercise at 25 and 32 degrees C. Exercise intensities were 10 (essentially no load) and 100 W, and LBNP was applied at -10, -20, -30, and -40 mmHg during rest and at -20 and -40 mmHg during exercise. Resting FVR was 33.0 +/- 3.2 and 14.0 +/- 2.7 resistance units, and cardiac stroke volume (SV) was 117 +/- 7 and 126 +/- 9 ml/beat at 25 and 32 degrees C, respectively. We found a linear relationship between the increase in FVR and decrease in SV during LBNP; the slope of the relationship was significantly lower at 32 degrees C (FVR = 51.7–0.29SV) than at 25 degrees C (FVR = 123–0.79SV). At the onset of 100-W exercise without LBNP, FVR increased significantly to 50.2 +/- 9.0 and 21.2 +/- 3.2 units at 25 and 32 degrees C, respectively, whereas SV was unchanged. Application of -40-mmHg LBNP reduced SV significantly to 68 +/- 5 and 71 +/- 6 ml/beat and increased FVR significantly to 89.0 +/- 11.3 and 36.3 +/- 7.6 units at 25 and 32 degrees C, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Harimurti, Niken, Mohammad Nasikin, and Kamarza Mulia. "Water-in-Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsions Containing Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorriza Roxb) and Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Extracts." Molecules 26, no. 1 (2021): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010196.
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Hydrophobic curcumin in temulawak extract and hydrophilic betacyanin in red dragon fruit extract are high-value bioactive compounds with extensive applications in functional food. In this study, these extracts were encapsulated in water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) nanoemulsions as a delivery system using a two-step high-energy emulsification method. PGPR and Span 20 were used as lipophilic emulsifiers for the primary w/o emulsion. The most stable w/o/w formulation with the least oil phase separation of 5% v/v consisted of w/o emulsion (15% w/w) and Tween 80 (1.5% w/w) as hydrophilic emulsifier. The formulation was characterized by a 189-nm mean droplet diameter, 0.16 polydispersity index, and –32 mV zeta potential. The freeze–thaw stability may be attributed to the combination of low w/o emulsion content and high Tween 80 concentration in the outer water phase of the w/o/w nanoemulsions used in this study. The IC50 values of the nanoemulsion and the red dragon fruit extract were similar. It means that the higher concentration of curcumin in the nanoemulsions and the lower IC50 value of temulawak extract ensured sufficient antioxidant activities of the w/o/w nanoemulsions.
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Chen, Min, Na Li, Hong-Tao Zhu та ін. "New Hydrolyzable Tannin with Potent Antioxidant and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Black Tea Produced from Camellia taliensis". Foods 12, № 13 (2023): 2512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12132512.
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Camellia taliensis (W. W. Smith) Melchior, belonging to the genus Camellia sect. Thea., is mainly distributed from northern Myanmar to western and southwestern Yunnan province of China, and its leaves have been used to make various teas by the locals of its growing regions. The chemical constituents of C. taliensis are significantly related to those of cultivated tea plants, C. sinensis and C. sinensis var. assamica. The HPLC-ESI-MS analysis of black tea prepared from the leaves of C. taliensis showed a rich existence of polyphenols. Further comprehensive chemical study led to the separation and recognition of 32 compounds (1–32), including one new hydrolyzable tannin, 1-O-galloyl-4,6-tetrahydroxydibenzofurandicarboxyl-β-D-glucopyranose (1), and one new natural product (24). The known compounds referred to seven hydrolyzable tannins (2–8), 10 flavonols and glycosides (9–18), and 14 simple phenolics (19–32). Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. Among them, 20 compounds (2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 15, 17, 18, 20–22, 24–32) were isolated from black tea for the first time. Most isolates displayed obvious antioxidant activities on DPPH and ABTS+ assays, and the hydrolyzable tannins 1, 3–5, 7, and 8 exhibited stronger inhibitory activities on α-glycosidase than quercetin and acarbose (IC50 = 5.75 and 223.30 μM, respectively), with IC50 values ranging from 0.67 to 2.01 μM.
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Patel, Sandeep, Dustin Kiker, Utpal Mondal, et al. "Safety Parameters for the Use of Holmium:YAG Laser in the Treatment of Biliary Calculi: The Ex-Vivo Model." Medicina 60, no. 2 (2024): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina60020346.
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Background and Objectives: While studies have demonstrated the efficacy of cholangioscopy-guided Holmium-Yttrium aluminum garnet (Ho:YAG) laser lithotripsy for the treatment of refractory bile duct stones, data regarding the safety of the operating parameters for laser lithotripsy are lacking. The aim of this study was to determine safe, yet effective, energy settings for Ho:YAG laser in the ex-vivo model. Materials and Methods: This ex vivo experimental study utilized the Ho:YAG laser on porcine bile duct epithelium and human gallstones. Ho:YAG laser lithotripsy was applied in different power settings from 8 to 15 Watts (W) to six explanted porcine bile ducts. Settings that appeared safe were then utilized to fragment seventy-three human gallstones. Results: The median bile duct perforation times with the Ho:YAG laser between 8–15 W were: >60 s (8 W); 23 s (9 W); 29 s (10 W); 27 s (12 W); 12 s (14 W); and 8 s (15 W). Statistically significant differences in the median perforation times were noted between 8 W vs. 15 W, 9 W vs. 15 W, 10 W vs. 15 W, and 12 W vs. 15 W (p < 0.05). When using a 365 µm Ho:YAG laser probe at 8–12 W, the fragmentation rates on various size stones were: 100% (<1.5 cm); 80–100% (1.6–2.0 cm) and 0–32% (>2.0 cm). Optimal fragmentation was seen utilizing 12 W with high energy (2.4 J) and low frequency (5 Hz) settings. Using a larger 550 µm probe at these settings resulted in 100% fragmentation of stones larger than 2 cm. Conclusions: The Ho:YAG laser appears to be safe and effective in the treatment of large bile duct stones when used between 8–12 W in 5 s bursts in an ex vivo model utilizing porcine bile ducts and human gallstones.
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Brzozowski, Jerzy. "Nierząd i inne „grzechy ohydne” w tłumaczeniach Biblii: eufemizacje i retusze w Mt 5,32, Mt 9,19 i Kpł 20,10-21." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 26, no. 48 (2020): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.26.2020.48.02.
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Fornication and Other “Awful Sins” in the Bible Translations. Euphemisms and Alterations on Matt 5:32, 9:19 and Lev 20:10-21
 The paper shows confusion of theologians – both catholic and protestant – in all Polish and many other translations of fragments related to sexual relations, especially these contacts which were recognised uniquely as a cause of divorce. The considered translations tend to use archaic, euphemistic or imprecise vocabulary in the main text, adding often confusing and linguistically unacceptable footnotes. On the contrary, the analysed Italian and French translations are clear and intelligible. The Author shows, nevertheless, that the existing translations – not only in Polish, but also in Italian and French – of the Greek word porneia used in the Gospels are incoherent with those in the Old Testament, which is unacceptable. The Author also claims, on the basis of analysed texts, that even the best footnotes cannot replace a clear and intelligible translation in the main text.
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Roeth, Alexander, Ferras Alashkar, Doerte Herich-Terhuerne, Johannes Elias, Ulrich Vogel, and Ulrich Duehrsen. "Serologic Response to Meningococcal Vaccination in Patients with Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (PNH) for the Chronic Treatment with the Terminal Complement Inhibitor Eculizumab." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 4380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.4380.4380.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Eculizumab is indicated for the therapy of patients with symptomatic paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Due to inhibition of terminal complement cascade, patients on eculizumab are susceptible to N. meningitids infections (0.48 cases per 100-patient years). The two mainstays to reduce the risk of infection are vaccination at least two weeks prior to treatment and antibiotic prophylaxis. PATIENTS/METHODS: In this retrospective study serologic response was analyzed after vaccination with a meningococcal vaccine in PNH patients (n=32) by measuring serum bactericidal antibody titers with external rabbit complement (rSBA) against meningococci serogroups A, C, W and Y. 78.1% of the patients (25/32) received a tetravalent conjugate vaccine, while 6.3% (2/32) received an unconjugated polysaccharide vaccine. In 9.4% (n=3) the type of vaccine administrated was not available. Serologic response was defined by an rSBA titer ≥1:8. In 23 patients the corresponding rSBA titers were available. 39.1% (9/23) had been vaccinated more than once due to chronic eculizumab treatment. RESULTS: Overall serologic responses independent of the time of observation for the meningococcal serogroups were: A: 78.3%, C: 86.9%, W: 47.8%, Y: 69.6%. rSBA titers varied significantly for the different time points [≤2 months (n=1): A: 100%, C: 100%, W: 100%, Y: 100%; ≤4-<6 months (n=4): A: 75%, C: 100%, W: 75%, Y: 75%; ≥6-<12 months (n=5): A: 60%, C: 40%, W: 0%, Y: 40%; ≥ 12-36 months (n=13): A: 84.6%, C: 100%, W: 53.8%, Y: 76.9%]. In 5 patients (15.6%) rSBA titers against 3 serogroups were <1:8, while 5 other patients (15.6%) had rSBA titers <1:8 against 2 serogroups at the same time. Serologic response after vaccination with an unconjugated vaccine even for the third time (n=1) prior to observation due to chronic therapy was identical to patients who had been vaccinated only once, supporting a non-immunological memory post vaccination with an unconjugated vaccine. No meningococcal infections have been observed in the analyzed cohort of eculizumab treated PNH patients so far. SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS: Efficiency of meningococcal vaccines for the different serotypes varies significantly and serological response analyses are very useful. Revaccination with the tetravalent conjugate vaccine (Menveo®) every 3 years is recommended or should be based on the individual response. However, physicians and patients must be vigilant for meningococcal infections at all times. Furthermore, stand-by therapy with ciprofloxacin 750 mg p.o. in case of signs of meningococcal infection and immediate medical evaluation and treatment is recommended. The availability of a novel vaccine covering the B-strain (Bexsero®) may further reduce the risk of an infection. Disclosures Roeth: Alexion: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding. Duehrsen:Alexion: Honoraria.
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Korniłowicz, Artur, and Adam Naumowicz. "Elementary Number Theory Problems. Part V." Formalized Mathematics 30, no. 3 (2022): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/forma-2022-0018.
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Summary This paper reports on the formalization of ten selected problems from W. Sierpinski’s book “250 Problems in Elementary Number Theory” [5] using the Mizar system [4], [1], [2]. Problems 12, 13, 31, 32, 33, 35 and 40 belong to the chapter devoted to the divisibility of numbers, problem 47 concerns relatively prime numbers, whereas problems 76 and 79 are taken from the chapter on prime and composite numbers.
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Wandji Nyamsi, W., B. Espinar, P. Blanc, and L. Wald. "Estimating the photosynthetically active radiation under clear skies by means of a new approach." Advances in Science and Research 12, no. 1 (2015): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-12-5-2015.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. The k-distribution method and the correlated-k approximation of Kato et al. (1999) is a computationally efficient approach originally designed for calculations of the broadband solar radiation by dividing the solar spectrum in 32 specific spectral bands from 240 to 4606 nm. This paper describes a technique for an accurate assessment of the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) from 400 to 700 nm at ground level, under clear-sky conditions using twelve of these spectral bands. It is validated against detailed spectral calculations of the PAR made by the radiative transfer model libRadtran. For the direct and global PAR irradiance, the bias is −0.4 W m−2 (−0.2%) and −4 W m−2 (−1.3%) and the root mean square error is 1.8 W m−2 (0.7%) and 4.5 W m−2 (1.5%). For the direct and global Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, the biases are of about +10.3 μmol m−2 s−1 (+0.8%) and 1.9 μmol m−2 s−1 (−0.1%) respectively, and the root mean square error is 11.4 μmol m−2 s−1 (0.9%) and 4.0 μmol m−2 s−1 (0.3%). The correlation coefficient is greater than 0.99. This technique provides much better results than two state-of-the-art empirical methods computing the daily mean of PAR from the daily mean of broadband irradiance.
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Mehlhausen, Joachim. "Forma Christianismi: Die Theologische Bewertung Eines Kleinen Katechetischen Lehrstücks Durch Luther Und Erasmus Von Rotterdam." Studies in Church History. Subsidia 8 (1991): 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900001563.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Erasmus Von Rotterdam hat seine Diatribe für einen weiteren Leserkreis besrimmt. Der lector imperitior soll angesprochen werden, also nicht nur der Theologe, sondern vor allem der Laie, denn — so betont Erasmus — crassulis scribimus crassuli (IIa 13; W 32, 1). Schon durch eine klare und überschaubare Disposition des Werkes will Erasmus diesem Leser und seinen Verstehensmöglichkeiten entgegenkommen. So folgt auf eine zweiteilige Einleitung erst im Haupt-teil die eigentliche Diatribe sive collatio, in der Erasmus zunächst jene Bibelstellen behandelt, die für, danach jene, die gegen den freien Willen sprechen. Durch den Widerstreit von Schriftstellen und Beweisen soll die Wahrheit einsichtiger gemacht werden (‘hac collisione scripturarum et argumentorum fiat evidentior Veritas’: la 3; W 3, sf). Angesichts der bei diesem Arbeitsgang aufgedeckten Vielfalt der biblischen Stimmen stehen Autor und Leser dann vor einem hermeneutischen Problem, das Erasmus in die Worte faßt: ‘Quoniam autem spirirus sanctus, quo auctore prodita sunt haec, non potest pugnare secum, cogimur velimus nolimus aliquam sententiae moderationem quaerere’ (IV1; W 77, 5–7). Erasmus will bei der Behandlung dieser Quaestio den Disputator hervorkehren, er will nicht richten und entscheiden, sondern nur prüfen (la 6; W 5, 1 of);ihm geht es als Autor um den Vergleich, nicht um einen Streit (lb 9; W 18, 12). Diese moderatiosententiae wird dann im Schlußabschnitt des Werkes vorgetragen, der mit der berühmten Konklusionsformel endet: ‘CONTULI, penes alios esto iudicium’ (IV 17; W 92, 8).
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Aniołowska, Magdalena, and Agnieszka Kita. "Wpływ temperatury smażenia i stopnia degradacji medium smażalniczego na jakość chipsów ziemniaczanych." Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, no. 272 (June 30, 2014): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37317/biul-2014-0031.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Celem pracy było określenie wpływu temperatury smażenia i stopnia degradacji medium smażalniczego na jakość otrzymanych chipsów ziemniaczanych. Materiałem użytym do badań były ziemniaki odmiany Lady Rosetta. Bulwy po umyciu, pokrojono na plasterki o grubości 1 mm, wypłukano w zimnej wodzie i po osuszeniu na bibule smażono w oleju palmowym o trzech temperaturach: 150, 165 i 180°C. Smażenie prowadzono w 30 minutowych cyklach przez 8 godzin dziennie w ciągu pięciu kolejnych dni. Łączny czas ogrzewania oleju wynosił 40 godzin. W chipsach smażonych w oleju świeżym i o różnym stopniu degradacji (po 8, 16, 24, 32 i 40 h) oznaczano: wilgotność - metodą suszarkową, zawartość tłuszczu - metodą ekstrakcyjną Soxhleta, konsystencję - metodą obiektywną przy użyciu aparatu Instron 5544, barwę - metodą obiektywną przy użyciu spektrofotometru Minolta typ CM-5 oraz przeprowadzono ocenę organoleptyczną: barwy, smaku, zapachu i konsystencji. Wraz z obniżaniem temperatury smażenia, niezależnie od stopnia degradacji oleju smażalniczego, chipsy chłonęły większe ilości tłuszczu. Największą twardością charaktery¬zowały się chipsy smażone w oleju o temperaturze 165°C odznaczające się najkorzystniejszą konsystencją. Najciemniejszą barwą charakteryzowały się chipsy smażone w najwyższej temperaturze (180°C). Smażenie w tej temperaturze wpłynęło na pogorszenie smaku i zapachu chipsów smażonych w kolejnych godzinach doświadczenia. Optymalnymi cechami sensorycznymi charakteryzowały się chipsy smażone w oleju o temperaturze 165°C.
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Saavedra, Euler L., and Johann F. Osma. "Impact of Nanoparticle Additions on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Ceramic Tiles Production." Nanomaterials 14, no. 11 (2024): 910. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano14110910.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The ceramic tile industry, with significant energy and material demands in its manufacturing processes, has employed technological innovations in energy efficiency, advanced equipment and tile thickness reduction to address these challenges. This study aimed to assess the impact of Ag2O, CuFe2O4, Fe3O4, and SiO2 nanoparticles (0%, 1%, and 5% by weight) on the mechanical strength, water absorption, and apparent thermal conductivity of ceramic tiles, as well as their capacity to reduce energy and raw material consumption. This reduction translates into a decrease in environmental impacts, which have been evaluated through life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology applied to the manufacturing processes. Nanoparticles (Ag2O, CuFe2O4, Fe3O4, and SiO2) were initially screened on TF clay (0%, 1%, 5% w/w), and the most effective were applied to CR1 and CR2 clays (0%, 1%, 5% w/w). Findings indicated a 32% increase in temperature gradient and a 16% improvement in flexural strength with the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticle at 1% (w/w) in TF clay. Furthermore, there was a potential 48% reduction in energy consumption, and up to 16% decrease in tile weight or thickness without affecting the flexural strength property of the test tiles. LCA results demonstrated that the addition of Fe3O4 nanoparticle has potential reductions of up to 20% in environmental impacts. This study suggests that nanoparticle addition offers a viable alternative for reducing energy and material consumption in the ceramic tile industry. Future research should focus on assessing the economic impact of transitioning to a sustainable business model in the ceramic tile industry with nanoparticles addition.
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MacInnis, Martin J., Aaron C. Q. Thomas, and Stuart M. Phillips. "The Reliability of 4-Minute and 20-Minute Time Trials and Their Relationships to Functional Threshold Power in Trained Cyclists." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 14, no. 1 (2019): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2018-0100.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose: The mean power output (MPO) from a 60-min time trial (TT)—also known as functional threshold power, or FTP—is a standard measure of cycling performance; however, shorter performance tests are desirable to reduce the burden of performance testing. The authors sought to determine the reliability of 4- and 20-min TTs and the extent to which these short TTs were associated with 60-min MPO. Methods: Trained male cyclists (n = 8; age = 25 [5] y; = 71 [5] mL/kg/min) performed two 4-min TTs, two 20-min TTs, and one 60-min TT. Critical power (CP) was estimated from 4- and 20-min TTs. The typical error of the mean (TEM) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated to assess reliability, and R2 values were calculated to assess relationships with 60-min MPO. Results: Pairs of 4-min TTs (mean: 417 [SD: 45] W vs 412 [49] W, P = .25; TEM = 8.1 W; ICC = .98), 20-min TTs (342 [36] W vs 344 [33] W, P = .41; TEM = 4.6 W; ICC = .99), and CP estimates (323 [35] W vs 328 [32] W, P = .25; TEM = 6.5; ICC = .98) were reliable. The 4-min MPO (R2 = .95), 20-min MPO (R2 = .92), estimated CP (R2 = .82), and combination of the 4- and 20-min MPO (adjusted R2 = .98) were strongly associated with the 60-min MPO (309 [26] W). Conclusion: The 4- and 20-min TTs appear useful for assessing performance in trained, if not elite, cyclists.
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Ferreira, Cintia N., Ivana L. Mello, and Fernanda M. B. Coutinho. "Influência do agente de cloração do catalisador à base de veodímio e da razão molar Cl: Nd na polimerização do butadieno." Polímeros 19, no. 2 (2009): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-14282009000200011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Neste trabalho foi utilizado um sistema catalítico composto por hidreto de diisobutilalumínio (DIBAH), versatato de neodímio (NdV) e um agente de cloração para avaliar a influência da fonte de cloro e da razão molar Cl:Nd nas características da reação de polimerização (conversão e constante de velocidade de propagação) e do polibutadieno (massa molecular e microestrutura). Os agentes de cloração estudados foram cloreto de t-butila (t-BuCl), sesquicloreto de etilalumínio (EASC) e cloreto de dietilalumínio (DEAC). As razões molares Cl:Nd utilizadas foram: 1:1, 3:1 e 5:1 para o t-BuCl; 0,5:1, 1:1 e 3:1 para o EASC e 1:1, 1,5:1, 3:1 e 5:1 para o DEAC. Foi observada a existência, para cada agente de cloração, de um valor ótimo de razão molar Cl:Nd para o qual a conversão foi máxima. O DEAC apresentou uma maior conversão em relação aos outros agentes de cloração; em contrapartida, o t-BuCl produziu polibutadienos com maior teor de unidades 1,4-cis e maior massa molecular (<img border=0 width=32 height=32 src="../../../../../../../img/revistas/po/v19n2/a11ent02.gif" align=absmiddle>n e <img border=0 width=32 height=32 src="../../../../../../../img/revistas/po/v19n2/a11ent02.gif" align=absmiddle>w)
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Roh, Hee-Tae, Wi-Young So, Su-Youn Cho, and Sang-Hoon Suh. "Effects of Fluid Ingestion on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cognition During Exercise in the Heat." Journal of Human Kinetics 58, no. 1 (2017): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2017-0074.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractWe investigated the effects of fluid ingestion during exercise in different environments on the serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor and cognition among athletes. Ten collegiate male athletes (soccer, n = 5; rugby, n = 5) were enrolled, and they completed running tests in the following four conditions (60 min each): 1) thermoneutral temperature at 18°C (group 18); 2) high ambient temperature at 32°C without fluid ingestion (group 32); 3) high ambient temperature at 32°C with water ingestion (group 32+W); and 4) high ambient temperature at 32°C with sports drink ingestion (group 32+S). Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels significantly increased in group 18 immediately after exercise when compared with those at rest and were significantly higher than those in group 32 immediately and 60 min after exercise (p < 0.05). In the Stroop Color and Word Test, significantly increased Word, Color, and Color-Word scores were observed in group 18 immediately after exercise compared to those at rest (p < 0.05). However, the Color-Word score appeared to be significantly lower in group 32 immediately after exercise compared to the other groups (p < 0.05) and at 60 min post-exercise compared to group 18 (p < 0.05). We found that the exercise performed in a thermoneutral environment improved cognitive function, but the exercise performed in a hot environment did not. The differences according to the exercise environment would be largely affected by brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and fluid ingestion regardless of the type of drink (water or sports beverage) was assumed to have contributed to the improvement in cognitive function caused by exercising in a hot environment.
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Czembor, Jerzy H., Elżbieta Czembor, Aneta Kisiela, and Elżbieta Wnuk. "Odporność na mączniaka prawdziwego (Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei) odmian jęczmienia jarego włączonych do Programu Porejestrowego Doświadczalnictwa Odmianowego w roku 2022." Biuletyn Instytutu Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin, no. 299 (June 30, 2023): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37317/biul-2023-0004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mączniak prawdziwy powodowany przez grzyba Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei (Bgh) należy do ważnych pod względem gospodarczym chorób jęczmienia. Dlatego realizowane są prace mające na celu określenia uwarunkowań odporności na tego patogena odmian wprowadzonych do Krajowego Rejestru genami specyficznymi jak i niespecyficznymi. W bieżących badaniach uwzględniono 52 odmiany jęczmienia jarego włączone do Programu Porejestrowego doświadczalnictwa odmianowego (PDO) prowadzonego przez Centralny Ośrodek Badania Roślin Użytkowych (COBORU) w 2022 roku. Ponieważ geny specyficzne są efektywne już we wczesnych stadiach rozwoju roślin, testy fitopatologiczne wykonano na roślinach w stadium siewki. Stwierdzono, że odporność 32 odmian (62.5% badanych) uwarunkowana była genem mlo, a objawy porażenia oceniano jako 0(4). Odporność 5 innych odmian była uwarunkowana genem dominującym Mla3 oraz innymi dominującymi genami uzupełniającymi w tym Mlk (Magnus, MHR Filar, MHR Krajan, Poemat, RGT Gagarin). Odporność odmiany Bente i Sting uwarunkowana była bardzo efektywnym genem Sl-1. Dla odmiany Kakadu stwierdzono, że jej odporność była uwarunkowana genem Sl-1 powiązanym z innymi genami i uwarunkowaniami funkcjonalnymi.
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Daniłowska, Sylwia, and Aleksandra Tatko. "W jaki sposób pracodawcy prywatni w Polsce stosują strategie zatrudnieniowe wobec osób z niepełnosprawnościami?" Niepełnosprawność – Zagadnienia, Problemy, Rozwiązania I, no. 50 (2024): 149–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.61531/234iei.
Texte intégralRésumé :
People with disabilities are a particularly disadvantaged group on the labor market. We see this both in the low employment rate – currently it is 32% and in the poor employment conditions of employed people. So far, no research has been carried out in Poland to analyze employers’ employment strategies in employing people with disabilities. The aim of the study was to learn about employers’ employment and employment-related strategies towards people with disabilities, to identify good practices and recommendations for further activities in this area. Methodology: In order to ensure high quality of the study and reduce measurement errors, research triangulation was used. In the research process, data was collected using desk research analysis of the websites of 300 employers, an online survey, and individual in-depth interviews with employers, employees with disabilities, representatives of trade unions and employers’ organizations. Based on the collected material, 5 case studies containing good practices were also prepared. According to the study results, most of the surveyed employers did not have employment or employment-related strategies on their websites and social media profiles, including for people with disabilities. In the identified strategies, people with disabilities were usually presented as part of a diverse team and no separate activities were directed at them. The conducted research made it possible to collect data and develop conclusions and recommendations that can be used by both employers and other labor market stakeholders, as well as institutions involved in shaping public policies for people with disabilities and employers in Poland.
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Prasad, Amritha, Erin Wynands, Steven M. Roche, et al. "Photodynamic Inactivation of Foodborne Bacteria: Screening of 32 Potential Photosensitizers." Foods 13, no. 3 (2024): 453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13030453.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The development of novel antimicrobial technologies for the food industry represents an important strategy to improve food safety. Antimicrobial photodynamic disinfection (aPDD) is a method that can inactivate microbes without the use of harsh chemicals. aPDD involves the administration of a non-toxic, light-sensitive substance, known as a photosensitizer, followed by exposure to visible light at a specific wavelength. The objective of this study was to screen the antimicrobial photodynamic efficacy of 32 food-safe pigments tested as candidate photosensitizers (PSs) against pathogenic and food-spoilage bacterial suspensions as well as biofilms grown on relevant food contact surfaces. This screening evaluated the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), and colony forming unit (CFU) reduction against Salmonella enterica, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas fragi, and Brochothrix thermosphacta. Based on multiple characteristics, including solubility and the ability to reduce the biofilms by at least 3 log10 CFU/sample, 4 out of the 32 PSs were selected for further optimization against S. enterica and MRSA, including sunset yellow, curcumin, riboflavin-5′-phosphate (R-5-P), and erythrosin B. Optimized factors included the PS concentration, irradiance, and time of light exposure. Finally, 0.1% w/v R-5-P, irradiated with a 445 nm LED at 55.5 J/cm2, yielded a “max kill” (upwards of 3 to 7 log10 CFU/sample) against S. enterica and MRSA biofilms grown on metallic food contact surfaces, proving its potential for industrial applications. Overall, the aPDD method shows substantial promise as an alternative to existing disinfection technologies used in the food processing industry.
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Iannetta, Danilo, Rafael de Almeida Azevedo, Christina P. Ingram, Daniel A. Keir, and Juan M. Murias. "Evaluating the suitability of supra-POpeak verification trials after ramp-incremental exercise to confirm the attainment of maximum O2 uptake." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 319, no. 3 (2020): R315—R322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00126.2020.
Texte intégralRésumé :
During exhaustive ramp-incremental cycling tests, the incidence of O2 uptake (V̇o2) plateaus is low. To verify the attainment of maximum V̇o2 (V̇o2max), it is recommended that a trial at a power output (PO) corresponding to 110% of the ramp-derived peak (POpeak) is performed. It remains unclear whether verification trials set at this PO can be tolerated for long enough to allow attainment of V̇o2max. Eleven recreationally trained individuals performed five ramp tests of varying slope (5, 10, 15, 25, and 30 W/min), each followed, in series, by two verification trials: the first at 110% POpeak of the 25 W/min ramp and the second at 110% POpeak attained in the preceding ramp test. Exercise duration of the first verification trial was on average 81 ± 15 s (CV = 9 ± 3%) versus 162 ± 32, 121 ± 24, 103 ± 15, and 73 ± 10 s for the second verification trials at 110% of POpeak of the 5, 10, 15, and 30 W/min ramp tests, respectively ( P < 0.05). Compared with the highest V̇o2 recorded during ramp tests, V̇o2 from the subsequent verification trials was not different for the 5, 10, and 15 W/min ramp tests ( P > 0.05) but was lower for the 25 and 30 W/min ramp tests ( P < 0.05). Verification trials at 110% POpeak of rapidly incrementing ramp tests (i.e., 25 W/min) were not sustained for long enough to allow the attainment of V̇o2max. With commonly used rapidly incrementing ramp tests engendering exhaustion within 8–12 min, verification trials less than POpeak should be preferred as they can be sustained sufficiently long to allow the attainment of V̇o2max.
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Grochowski, Zbigniew. "Jezus jako świadek w Ewangelii wg św. Jana." Verbum Vitae 27 (October 25, 2015): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/vv.1609.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Jesus is usually an object of someone’s testimony in the Gospel of St. John, but there are a few texts speaking of Jesus as the One who gives or bears His testimony to something. Accepting as a criterion the occurrences of the terms marture,w („to bear testimony”) and marturi,a („testimony”) – the noun ma,rtuj („witness”) does not occur in the Fourth Gospel – it is possible to distribute them into four categories: (1) Jesus “testifies about what he has seen and heard” (3:32-33), which means He reveals His Father to the world. (2) Jesus testifies about Himself (5:31.[36]; 8:13-14.17-18; [10,25]) – and He is supported in this by His Father – that He did nothing wrong healing a sick man at the Bethesda pool, even though it happened on the Sabbath (cf. 5:1-9); (3) Jesus “is testifying about the world that its deeds are evil” (7:7) seeing as – some Jews even wanted to kill Him (cf. 7:1.19.25.30.44); (4) Jesus testifies to the truth (18:37), which ultimately means the definitive revelation of God which Jesus brings to the world and with which He identifies Himself (cf. 14:6). Sentenced by Pilate, dying on the cross, Christ – in the most credible way – testified to love: This truth about God – obligating Jesus’ disciples to also assume this attitude in their lives (cf. 13:14.34-35) – can be expressed by a principle: “no one has greater love than this – that one lays down his life for his friends” (15:13).
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Rybakov, Vladimir, Irina Ananeva, Anatoly Seliverstov, and Kseniia Usanova. "Thermal Properties of Lightweight Steel Concrete Wall Panels under Different Humidity Conditions." Materials 15, no. 9 (2022): 3193. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093193.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The paper presents the thermal properties of lightweight steel concrete wall panels under different humidity conditions: under normal operation conditions and high moisture of the structure. The total thermal resistance (considering thermal inhomogeneity) of the enclosing lightweight steel concrete structure with a thickness of 310 mm using monolithic low-density foam concrete (density grade of D200), at an equilibrium humidity of 5% and 8%, was experimentally established. It was equal to 4.602 m2.0C/W and 4.1 m2.0C/W, respectively. In the dry state, the total thermal resistance of this structure was 5.59 m2.0 C/W, which corresponds to a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.057 m °C/W. The influence of both horizontal and vertical joints of lightweight steel concrete wall panels and the absence of thermoprofiles on thermal properties was insignificant when using heat-insulating gaskets. The actual total thermal resistance of the structure was 2.5–2.8 times higher than that obtained by calculation under high-humidity conditions (29–32%). At the same time, the decrease in the value compared to the same value at an equilibrium humidity of 5% was only 4–6%. This indicates the good workability even of a structure with high-humidity foam concrete if the reduced total thermal resistance is complied with by the standardized one.
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Shapira, Iuliana, Annette Lee, Michaela Oswald, et al. "Patterns in circulating microRNA in black (B) versus white (W) patients with triple-negative (TN) breast cancer (BC)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (2012): 1046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.1046.
Texte intégralRésumé :
1046 Background: Breast cancer is by far more common in W than in B women. Black women have more aggressive disease that occurs almost a decade earlier, it is usually triple negative and has a lower survival. Objectives to determine 1) if plasma miRNA expression differs between B and W women, and 2) if variation in miRs may explain the observed survival difference in TNBC in W compared to B women. Methods: We determined miRNA profiles in plasma collected before removal of breast tumors in three groups of W and B women: 1) normal controls (N), 2) TN and 2) ER/PR positive BC. Expression miRNA profiling of 754 miRNAs on the ABI Open Array detected 101miRNAs in plasma. We compared miRNA expression in cancer patients and race-matched controls. A moderated t-statistic through the R/Bioconductor 'limma' was used to compare the mean response between subject factors of interest. Results with a p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Characteristics: 32 patients were included in this analysis (mean age 50 years; range 31-68), 10 had stage III TNBC (5 B & 5 W); 10 had stage III ER/PR+BC (5 B, 5 W); and 12 were controls (6 B, 6 W) Results: W TNBC patients overexpressed (15 fold higher than normal) 20 miRs in plasma (let-7d, let7g, miR-103, -10a, 15a, -9, -99b, -181a, -18a, -502, -187, -365 and others), these miRs were not found in any of the B patients. Six microRNAs (such as miR-34a, -127 and others) were 15 fold higher than normal controls in B cancer patients, these miRs were not detected in W patients with TNBC. Four miRs in B and 8 miRs in W were not previously reported in association with breast cancer suggesting that they may be connected to the host response. Conclusions: The striking difference in the patterns of plasma miRNA expression between B and W patients may provide the key to the large difference in outcome between these groups when receiving similar treatments, the worse prognosis group may carry the miRs that promote metastasis. The seed-soil hypothesis may explain the better prognosis in W patients. W women may carry those miRNAs that support an “exaggerated” response to systemic treatment, while the B may have the miRs that favour metastasis.