Articles de revues : « Virtual Power System »

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Chen, Xiaofeng, Guanlu Yang, Yajing Lv et Zehong Huang. « Power Management System Based on Virtual Power Plant ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 356 (28 octobre 2019) : 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/356/1/012006.

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Hellestrand, G. « Save power with virtual system prototyping ». Electronics Systems and Software 3, n^o 6 (1 décembre 2005) : 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ess:20050603.

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Sharma, Anubhav, Shikhar Srivastava, Vinay Kanaujiya, Uttam Kumar, Tushar Gupta et Vaibhav Tyagi. « AI Based Virtual Mouse System ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, n^o 3 (31 mars 2023) : 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.49381.

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Abstract: One of the marvels of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) technology is the mouse.Since a wireless mouse or Bluetooth mouse still need a battery for power and a dongle to connect it to the PC, they are not entirely device-free at this time.In the modern era of invention, a remote mouse or a contact-less mouse still uses gadgets and isn't entirely free of them because they use power from the gadget or, occasionally, from external power sources like batteries and take up more space and electricity.Without using a real mouse, the computer can be virtually controlled using hand gestures to accomplish left-click, right-click, scrolling, and computer cursor tasks..

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Chang, Ya Chin, Sung Ling Chen, Rung Fang Chang et Chan Nan Lu. « Optimal Virtual Power Plant Dispatching Approach ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (juin 2014) : 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.511.

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As the integrator of energy resources (DERs), a virtual power plant (VPP) would be able to control the amount of the power access to the distribution transformers such that energy efficiency can be improved. Battery energy storage system (BESS) and demand response (DR) as DERs can entrust the VPP with certain controllability to regulate the power supply of the distribution system. This paper aims to maximize the benefit of the supplied powers over the 24 hours under VPP operation. Combining an iterative dynamic programming optimal BESS schedule approach and a PSO-based DR scheme optimization approach, an optimal VPP operational method is proposed to minimize the total electricity cost with respect to the power supply limit of the distribution transformers and the system security constraints, especially, within the peak load hours. With the TOU rate given each hour, test results had confirmed the validity of the proposed method with the obviously decreased power supply in each peak-load hours and the largely reduced electricity cost accordingly.

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Przychodzień, Arkadiusz. « Virtual power plants - types and development opportunities ». E3S Web of Conferences 137 (2019) : 01044. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913701044.

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Modern power engineering meets new challenges. With the development of new energy production and storage technologies, creates new demands for energy services. To support this development, it is necessary to implement new teleinformatic systems that will allow for resource management. Such systems are called Virtual Power Plants (VPP). There are many definitions of this type of solutions due to the very wide range of possible applications. VPPs can be developed by many types of entities, e.g. distribution system operators, electricity generators, energy clusters. The ability to build a system based on modules allows you to customize the system to user’s needs. An opportunity for the development of VPP will be a package “Clean energy for all Europeans” (so called “Winter package”) that introduces regulations that allow for the development of renewable energy sources, including prosumers, and enables an active participation in the energy market for energy consumers. In addition, more stringent requirements for balancing production and energy consumption are introduced, requiring greater balancing accuracy.

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Nithiyananthan, K., Simson Samson Raja, R. Sundar et A. Amudha. « Virtual Stability Estimator Model for Three Phase Power System Network ». Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 4, n^o 3 (1 décembre 2016) : 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v4.i3.pp520-525.

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<p><em>The main objective of this research work is to develop a simple power systems steady state stability estimator in LabView for three phase power system network. LabVIEW based power systems stability estimator has been chosen as the main platform because it is a user friendly and easy to apply in power systems. This research work is intended to simultaneously acclimate the power system engineers with the utilization of LabVIEW with electrical power systems. This proposed work will discuss about the configuration and the improvement of the intelligent instructional VI (virtual instrument) modules in power systems for power systems stability solutions. In the proposed model power systems stability has been carried out and model has been developed such that it can accommodate the latest versions of power systems stability algorithms.</em></p>

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Li, Shupeng, Guangyao Yu, Xu Zhou et Nannan Xing. « Research on New Urban Virtual Power Plant System ». E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021) : 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124802004.

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With the continuous development of energy industry, the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming increasingly serious. In order to coordinate the contradiction between power system and distributed renewable energy, and deal with many challenges brought by new energy power to power system. We should fully exploit the value and benefits of new energy for power system and users. In this paper, a new urban virtual power plant system is proposed, which integrates distributed generation units, energy storage system and controllable load. It uses advanced data communication and coordinated control technology to realize the organic overall regulation and control of various types of distributed energy and load, to reduce the challenge of randomness and volatility of high penetration distributed generation to power grid operation and dispatching, and to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand.

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Li, Xiao Mei, Hua Jiang Sun et Li Hui Zhu. « Virtual Assembly of Lathe Spindle System ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 37-38 (novembre 2010) : 1625–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.37-38.1625.

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On the basis of research on the assembly process of CA6140-type lathe spindle system, the assembly relationship of its components was ascertained. Three-dimensional (3D) components storehouse of the system was established with CAD software UG6.0. On that basis, dynamic simulation software of assembly process and power transmission process of the system was developed. Running the software can reproduce assembly, disassembly and power transmission process. The software can not only be used in the analysis and transformation of old products, but also can be used replacing prototypes in developing of new products.

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Xue, Qingshui, Zhen Xue, Haifeng Ma, Yue Sun et Xuelei Shi. « Design of Virtual Power Plant System Model under Master-Slave Multi-chain ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2166, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2166/1/012043.

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Abstract The emergence and development of new technology provides a new way of thinking for solving the problems in the traditional energy industry. Introducing block chain technology into virtual power plant can solve the problems existing in virtual power plant such as. to improve the safety, reliability and operation efficiency of virtual power plant. At present, the research on the application of block chain technology in virtual power plants is mostly based on single-chain structure, which makes the system not extensible. Based on this problem, a virtual power plant model with main and multi-chain structure is presented, which improves the scalability of virtual power plant with block chain technology. The use of block chain technology improves the security and fairness of power transactions. It can allocate power more efficiently to improve energy utilization.

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Chen, Wei, Wen Fang Shi et Long Chen. « Power Harmonic Analysis System Based on Virtual Instrument ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (août 2014) : 1942–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.1942.

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This paper presents a power harmonic analysis system based on virtual instrument. LabVIEW data acquisition module was used to acquire waveform data in this system. Combined with FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) and phase difference correction method, amplitude, phase and frequency information of voltage and current’s every harmonic are obtained successfully. LabVIEW rich controls are employed to complete GUI (Graphical User Interface) design under windows and constructs network through TCP protocol. The realization and simulation of the harmonic detection algorithm are discussed in detail.

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Barbosa, J. A., R. P. S. Leao, C. F. P. Lima et M. C. O. Rego. « Decentralised Energy Management System to Virtual Power Plants ». Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 1, n^o 08 (avril 2010) : 1079–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj08.590.

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Mizukami, Yuichi, Shigeru Morita, Kunihiro Asano et Noboru Kamiji. « Power Substation Simulation System Using Virtual Reality Technique ». IEEJ Transactions on Electronics, Information and Systems 115, n^o 2 (1995) : 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejeiss1987.115.2_196.

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Fang, Jingyang, Hongchang Li, Yi Tang et Frede Blaabjerg. « Distributed Power System Virtual Inertia Implemented by Grid-Connected Power Converters ». IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 33, n^o 10 (octobre 2018) : 8488–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2017.2785218.

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Deng, Wei, Jianwei Zhong, Ming Huang, Jixue Zhang et Zhekai Zhang. « Adaptive Control Strategy with Threshold of Virtual Inertia and Virtual Damping for Virtual Synchronous Generator ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2203, n^o 1 (1 février 2022) : 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2203/1/012039.

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Abstract Virtual Synchronous Generator (VSG) control strategy can provide inertia and damping support for the power system by simulating the operating characteristics of synchronous generator, and improve the frequency response of the power system. First, analyse the influence of various parameters on the output characteristics of the system by establishing a mathematical model of VSG. Secondly, to fully utilize the flexible and controllable characteristics of VSG control strategy, the basic principle of VSG parameter adaptation is obtained through the analysis of the angular frequency oscillation characteristics of synchronous generators, and an adaptive control strategy of virtual inertia and virtual damping parameter is proposed, which can better track changes in frequency, and set the action threshold for adaptive control. Finally, compare the frequency and active power response between the traditional VSG control strategy and the adaptive one and verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.

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Li, Xu Jun, Da Liu, Rui Yan, Yue Qiu Gong et Yong Pan. « Battery Management System Based on Virtual Instrument ». Advanced Materials Research 772 (septembre 2013) : 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.725.

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A battery management system (BMS) is described along with important features for protecting and optimizing the performance of large 18650 lithium power battery packs. Of particular interest is the selection of many cells, that is, according to the system needs to choose healthy cells into the system to run. In order to shorten the cycle of research, the paper proposed a BMS based on virtual instrument (VI) data acquisition system. It can monitor parameters such as monomer voltage, total voltage, current, temperature, estimating state of charge (SOC) etc, and it also can control switch when a parameter exceeds the allowed range, the corresponding monomer cell will be automatically cut off the switch and alarm. Experimental results are included for a pack of seven 2.2 Ah (amp-hour) 18650 lithium power cells. It can monitor the status of the lithium-ion battery pack according to the security metrics of 18650 power lithium cells. It can control other types of power batteries by means of modified index.

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Hsueh, Po-Wen, Wu-Sung Yao et Tien-Min Kao. « Control Design of Observer-Based Virtual Soft Boundary for a Power-Assist System with Limited Operating Range ». Electronics 11, n^o 5 (23 février 2022) : 690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11050690.

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Control design of power-assist systems has been widely applied to human-robot interactive systems such as wearable exoskeleton systems, of which the range of motion limitation of human joints in the power-assist systems is essential. This paper presents a virtual soft boundary design for a human-robot cooperation system with a limited operating range. The proposed virtual soft boundary is realized by impedance control and integrated into the power-assist robot arm system; meanwhile, power-assist robot arm systems are typical human-in-the-loop systems, and the control of the power-assist system in performing in accordance with a human’s perception is a significant issue. Therefore, a model-based disturbance observer with a pseudo-derivative feedback feedforward (PDFF) compensator is designed to effectively estimate the human’s torque for an appropriate motor torque command. Experimental results show that the proposed control method can estimate the human torque exerted on the robot arm system to achieve a power-assist system, and the virtual soft boundary can be realized by the impedance control and integrated into the power-assist robot arm system.

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Sun, Weibin, Sanming Liu, Hao Dong et Qifan Huang. « Electric power dispatching of virtual power plant with electric vehicle ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2409, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2022) : 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2409/1/012019.

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Abstract Because electric vehicles have many advantages such as low carbon, environmental protection, and low cost compared with fuel vehicles, electric vehicles have developed rapidly in recent years, which will lead to large-scale impact load. In this paper, the electric vehicle is regarded as an energy storage device, a multi-energy VPP electric thermal scheduling model including electric vehicles is established, and a scheduling strategy for electric vehicles to participate in the power system scheduling is proposed. With the minimum cost of VPP and the minimum carbon dioxide emissions as the optimization objectives, the relevant objective functions are described, and equality constraints and inequality constraints are applied to them. Then, the improved algorithm is applied to solve the model. The results of the example analysis show that the virtual power plant system model with electric vehicles established in this paper can reduce the operating cost of the VPP system, reduce carbon emissions, and be conducive to the safe, low-carbon, and economic operation of the power system.

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Alandžak, Matej, Tomislav Plavsic et Dubravko Franković. « Provision of Virtual Inertia Support Using Battery Energy Storage System ». Journal of Energy - Energija 70, n^o 4 (28 novembre 2022) : 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37798/2021704250.

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The paper presents the importance of the grid inertia constant for the frequency stability of the future high-res low-inertia power systems. Since more and more renewable energy sources (RES) are being connected to the power system via frequency converters, the grid inertia constant is reduced. This issue can be mitigated by applying appropriate control mechanisms through which RES can provide virtual inertia and provide rotating reserves for primary frequency control. The concept of a virtual synchronous generator for providing virtual inertia is elaborated, as a solution to the presented problems. By applying virtual synchronous generators, RES can provide support for frequency control during disturbances almost like conventional synchronous generators. The influence of virtual inertia on the stability of the Croatian power system was analyzed using a battery energy storage systems (BESS) with a control mechanism that enables its participation in frequency control.

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Pichkalov, E. S., T. O. Tereshchenko et Yu S. Yamnenko. « Economic aspect of electricity consumption in energy microgrid system ». Electronics and Communications 16, n^o 4 (31 mars 2011) : 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/2312-1807.2011.16.4.245273.

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Problems that must be solved for realization of the virtual market of the electric power in a power system microgrid are formulated. A structure of the power system with the internal network is offered. Principles are considered and criteria of functioning of the virtual markets of the electric power are developed

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Abdillah, Muhammad, Syailendra Andi, Teguh Aryo Nugroho et Herlambang Setiadi. « Advanced virtual inertia control against wind power intermittency ». Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 28, n^o 3 (7 octobre 2022) : 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v28.i3.pp1256-1265.

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Rapid industrial development requires more energy to support their manufacturing processes. Unfortunately, conventional energy was mostly utilized as a primary energy source which is unfriendly to nature and can damage the environment. Nowadays, the transformation from the use of conventional energy to renewable energy sources is increasingly being socialized throughout the world. However, the existence of renewable energy poses new challenges in the world of electricity systems where their effect is reducing the inertia (inertialess) value of conventional energy such as thermal generators. This condition causes frequency oscillations and leads to blackout the electricity system. To overcome this problem, this paper proposed advanced virtual inertia control (VIC) based on an superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) employed to accommodate the effects of the integration of renewable energy into the electric power system. SMES was choosen because it has a fast response and an efficiency rate of up to 90%. A two-area power system model was utilized to examine the proposed VIC model based on SMES. From the simulation results, VIC based on has succeeded in reducing frequency oscillations by compressing the system overshoot and reducing the settling time to steady-state.

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Parizad, Ali, Sobhan Mohamadian, Mohamad Esmaeil Iranian et Josep M. Guerrero. « Power System Real-Time Emulation : A Practical Virtual Instrumentation to Complete Electric Power System Modeling ». IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics 15, n^o 2 (février 2019) : 889–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tii.2018.2837079.

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Wang, Yu Ying. « Research of Distance Education Based on Virtual Reality Technology in Power System ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 672-674 (octobre 2014) : 2245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.672-674.2245.

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This article describes the virtual reality technology, distance education in the virtual reality environment and applications of distance education based on virtual reality technology in power system teaching and power production. Compared with the traditional teaching it broke through the restrictions of time and space and virtual classrooms were established, it perfected power system teaching, promoted electricity production and improved the efficiency of electrical equipment maintenance exercises. It can bring new energy to the power system and play a promoting role in sustainable development of energy and economy in the certain degree.

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Zhong, Weilin, Mohammed Ahsan Adib Murad, Muyang Liu et Federico Milano. « Impact of Virtual Power Plants on Power System Short-Term Transient Response ». Electric Power Systems Research 189 (décembre 2020) : 106609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2020.106609.

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Liu, Zhi Gao, et Shou Xiang Wang. « Application of Virtual Visualization in Smart Power Distribution System ». Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (décembre 2012) : 1908–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.1908.

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With the increasing development of the power system, particularly, with the proposing of smart grid and the applying of distributed generation technology, the traditional geographic information system (GIS) which relies on the tables, graphs, has become more and more difficult to meet the needs of power system equipment management, and planning. Three-dimensional (3D) GIS has developed to meet the requirement appropriately. In this paper, we choose ArcGIS as the development platform, ESRI CityEngine 2011 and Google SketchUp as the 3D modeling software. By combining the virtual reality(VR) technology and image synthesis technology, a 3D power distribution system is established, which realizes the 3D physical simulation of the transmission lines, electrical equipment, power distribution stations, and distributed generators. This methodology provides a new vision for the modernization of the power distribution system management.

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Podder, Amit Kumer, Sayemul Islam, Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar, Aneesh A. Chand, Pulivarthi Nageswara Rao, Kushal A. Prasad, T. Logeswaran et Kabir A. Mamun. « Systematic Categorization of Optimization Strategies for Virtual Power Plants ». Energies 13, n^o 23 (27 novembre 2020) : 6251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236251.

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Due to the rapid growth in power consumption of domestic and industrial appliances, distributed energy generation units face difficulties in supplying power efficiently. The integration of distributed energy resources (DERs) and energy storage systems (ESSs) provides a solution to these problems using appropriate management schemes to achieve optimal operation. Furthermore, to lessen the uncertainties of distributed energy management systems, a decentralized energy management system named virtual power plant (VPP) plays a significant role. This paper presents a comprehensive review of 65 existing different VPP optimization models, techniques, and algorithms based on their system configuration, parameters, and control schemes. Moreover, the paper categorizes the discussed optimization techniques into seven different types, namely conventional technique, offering model, intelligent technique, price-based unit commitment (PBUC) model, optimal bidding, stochastic technique, and linear programming, to underline the commercial and technical efficacy of VPP at day-ahead scheduling at the electricity market. The uncertainties of market prices, load demand, and power distribution in the VPP system are mentioned and analyzed to maximize the system profits with minimum cost. The outcome of the systematic categorization is believed to be a base for future endeavors in the field of VPP development.

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Sun, Zhong Wei. « Communication System Architecture for Hierarchical Virtual Power Plant Control ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 631-632 (septembre 2014) : 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.631-632.878.

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Virtual Power Plant (VPP) is recognized as essential for the successful implementation of smart grids, and information communication technology is enabling technology for VPP implementation. However, finding the most appropriate technology that can satisfy their future communication needs is still an unsolving issue for VPP. Focusing on the hierarchial VPP control model, and utilizing Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) network technology, this paper has presented an EPON-based communication architecture for virtual power plant.

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Yu, Min, Xin Yu Jin, Cheng Gang Xu et Yu Zhang. « Power Line Carrier Detection System Based on Virtual Instrument ». Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (août 2011) : 2205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.2205.

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Low-voltage power line carrier (PLC) communication has received wide attention. However, testing standards are not well defined for PLC communication yet, and there are no professional, systematic and comprehensive detection indicators to measure and evaluate the quality of PLC communication. This paper proposed a low-voltage power line carrier communication evaluation system based on Virtual Instrument (VI). Simulation results revealed that the proposed system could precisely reflect the quality of the PLC communication.

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Ge, Yi, Yangyang Zhao, Hu Li, Jian Tan et Hui Chen. « Virtual Synchronous Control for Fuel Cell Power Generation System ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 610 (1 décembre 2020) : 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/610/1/012007.

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Wang, Zhe, Yu‐Qing Bao et Hui‐Fang Di. « Power system virtual inertia implemented by thermostatically controlled loads ». IET Smart Grid 3, n^o 4 (5 juin 2020) : 530–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-stg.2019.0246.

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Razzhivin, I. A., N. Yu Ruban, V. E. Rudnik et A. S. Gusev. « Evaluation of the effect of wind-operated power plants on the total inertia of an electric power system ». Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University 25, n^o 2 (2 mai 2021) : 220–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2021-2-220-234.

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This paper is aimed at determining the effect of a variable number of Type 4 wind turbines in the total generation of the corresponding electric power system on the parameters of an asynchronous regime of such a system. Processes occurring in an electric power system were simulated using an all-mode real-time simulation complex of electric power systems constituting a multi-processor software and hardware system. A model of an electric power system was developed, which, in addition to conventional power sources, included a wind-operated power plant combining a variable number of Type 4 wind turbines. The automatic control system of the simulated wind-operated power plant comprised a control loop (in terms of active power and voltage) equipped with an additional regulator of virtual inertia. An analysis of changes in the parameters of the asynchronous regime using a virtual inertia algorithm showed that the time of its advancement along the protected line was reduced maximally by 0.1 s. However, the time of the first cycle of asynchronous motion between two generators in the post-emergency regime increased by 2 times. Thus, for a wind-operated plant with a capacity of 100 MW, the time of asynchronous motion was 0.36 sec and 0.74 sec without using and when using a virtual inertia algorithm, respectively. It was experimentally confirmed that an increase in the power of a wind-operated power plant leads to a decrease in both the time of advancement of the asynchronous regime and the time, during which conventional generators transit from the synchronous regime. The latter was evidenced by the effect of Type 4 wind turbines on the value of total inertia, which ranged from 8.746 to 5.478 s. A study of the virtual inertia algorithm confirmed its impact on the electromechanical transient processes in power systems. The most favourable effect was noted at a virtual inertia value of 2 s and a wind-operated power plant capacity of 100 MW.

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Fukuda, Masafumi, Hiroshi Harada, Tadaharu Yokokawa et Tomonori Kitashima. « Virtual Jet Engine System ». Materials Science Forum 638-642 (janvier 2010) : 2239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.2239.

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In 1999, we proposed the concept of a virtual gas turbine system which is a combination of turbine design and material design programs. Using this system, it has become possible to design a gas turbine engine and a combined cycle automatically, by inputting some basic information such as power output, turbine inlet temperature and material specifications. The derived outputs are turbine gas path dimensions, gas and cooling air flow rates, thermal efficiency, CO2 emissions, etc. We use the system to evaluate the potential improvement if a newly developed material is to be used in building the engine. Based on the virtual gas turbine system we have begun developing the virtual jet engine system, which can simulate the operation of a jet engine or a gas turbine engine to predict the degradation of materials used in the high temperature parts of the engine. The system consists of a thermal and aerodynamic analysis of the engine, a thermal and stress analysis of hot parts, and a material degradation analysis. Actual engine dimensions, operation data and material specifications are used to perform the analyses. In this paper, we will show some of the results of the use of the virtual gas turbine system, and then describe the development plan and the preliminary output of the virtual jet engine system.

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Mahavarkar, Jait, Siddhi Nirmale et Pratiksha Kolte. « Virtual Valet ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n^o 5 (31 mai 2022) : 1645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42557.

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Abstract: Virtual Valet is an image processing technology which is used to retrieve the registered number of vehicles from its number plate to identify the vehicle. The main objective is to design an efficient vehicle identification system with the help of its number plate. This system will help in reducing crime, it will help in improving road safety, deterring terrorism. It can be implemented in automatic parking systems, border control. It is useful to detect the stolen cars. This app is also useful in traffic management. It can be used by various police forces and by electronic toll collection. Firstly, the system will ask for the vehicle’s image. After that the region of interest that is number plate is extracted using image segmentation in an image. For character recognition we have used the optical character recognition technique. Optical character recognition is the last step in vehicle number plate detection. After this the resulting data will be used to compare with the database so that we can get specific information like the owner’s name, registration number, address etc. Keywords: (OCR)Optical Character Recognition, Pytesseract, OpenCV, Django

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Paik, Takshashila, Rutuja Nagare, Sayali Thorat et Pooja Janrao. « Virtual Fence System for Animal ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n^o 7 (31 juillet 2022) : 1641–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45527.

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Abstract: One of the number one functions of digital fencing is defined on this examine. digital fence is a form of animal management that doesn't require the usage of ground fencing. control is maintained. begin by using editing the animal’s behaviour with the assist of one or greater or extra sensory cues, which might be given to the animal after it's been trained tries have been made to breach the software’s boundary. This Any geometric form may be used as a border, and it isn't required. seen with the bare eye The proposed set of rules is in charge of moving the item. with out utilizing a fence, the animals shape a set and pass from one to the following. bodily exercising in humans. The method generates a brand new temporal measurement. a method that encompasses both fences whilst allowing animals to walk freely between them fences in asecure way The region of the temporal moving tunnel is calculated. relying on the coordinates of the barriers and the system of moving them makes use of GPS signals from a tool this is linked to the net to run the neck of an animal.

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Thorat, Sakshi. « HCI Based Virtual Controlling System ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n^o 6 (30 juin 2022) : 630–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43645.

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Abstract: Researchers around the globe are working on making our devices more interactive and making them function with minimal physical contact in this research project. The proposed system is an interactive computer system that can operate without a physical keyboard or mouse. This system will benefit everyone, particularly immobilized people with special needs operating a physical keyboard and mouse. So in the system, they have developed an interface that uses visual hand-gesture analysis. These gestures are used to assist those who are having trouble controlling or operating computers or gadgets. The model is being developed in such a way that it can assist us in recognizing and implementing it. Regarding hand gestures, our interface uses OpenCV, Python, and computer vision algorithms that can detect different finger orientations, distinguish the user's hand from the background, and distinguish significant hand movements from unwanted hand movements. Keywords: Machine Learning, Computer Vision, Image Processing, OpenCV, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI)

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Boggero, Luca, Sabrina Corpino, Andrea De Martin, Giuseppe Evangelista, Marco Fioriti et Massimo Sorli. « A Virtual Test Bench of a Parallel Hybrid Propulsion System for UAVs ». Aerospace 6, n^o 7 (2 juillet 2019) : 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace6070077.

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The article proposes the design of a test bench simulator to test a parallel hybrid propulsion architecture for aeronautical applications. The virtual test bench simulates, in a scaled version, the real test bench, designed for a power of about 0.4 MW. After presenting the architecture of the real propulsion system, the virtual test bench is described. The real system is basically composed by a paralleled electric motor and thermal engine which provide mechanical power to the propeller. Saving cost and volume the test bench is composed by electric motors simulates the behaviors of the real propulsion system despite their differences. The dynamic relationships expressing the transmission of torque between the components, and the method of down-sizing the power delivered are highlighted. Particular attention is given to the real inertia actions that must be simulated on the virtual test bench. An application of the proposed methodology is then presented through the simulation of the take-off phase, and the torque time histories, angular velocities and powers generated on the virtual test bench are used to verify the corresponding time histories expected in the real system.

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Yap, Kah Yung, Charles R. Sarimuthu et Joanne Mun-Yee Lim. « Virtual Inertia-Based Inverters for Mitigating Frequency Instability in Grid-Connected Renewable Energy System : A Review ». Applied Sciences 9, n^o 24 (5 décembre 2019) : 5300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245300.

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This study paper presents a comprehensive review of virtual inertia (VI)-based inverters in modern power systems. The transition from the synchronous generator (SG)-based conventional power generation to converter-based renewable energy sources (RES) deteriorates the frequency stability of the power system due to the intermittency of wind and photovoltaic (PV) generation. Unlike conventional power generation, the lack of rotational inertia becomes the main challenge to interface RES with the electrical grid via power electronic converters. In the past several years, researchers have addressed this issue by emulating the behavior of SG mathematically via pulse width modulation (PWM) controller linked to conventional inverter systems. These systems are technically known as VI-based inverters, which consist of virtual synchronous machine (VSM), virtual synchronous generator (VSG), and synchronverter. This paper provides an extensive insight into the latest development, application, challenges, and prospect of VI application, which is crucial for the transition to low-carbon power system.

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Kerdphol, Thongchart, Masayuki Watanabe, Yasunori Mitani et Veena Phunpeng. « Applying Virtual Inertia Control Topology to SMES System for Frequency Stability Improvement of Low-Inertia Microgrids Driven by High Renewables ». Energies 12, n^o 20 (15 octobre 2019) : 3902. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12203902.

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To integrate renewable energy into microgrids with a favorable inertia property, a virtual inertia control application is needed. Considering the inertia emulation capabilities, insufficient emulation of inertia power due to the lower and short-term power of storage systems could significantly cause system instability and failure. To enhance such capability, this paper applies a virtual inertia control topology to the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) technology. The SMES-based virtual inertia control system is implemented in a microgrid with renewables to emulate sufficient inertia power and maintain good system frequency stability. The efficacy and control performance of the proposed control method are compared with those of the traditional virtual inertia control system. Simulation results show that the shortage of system inertia due to renewable penetration is properly compensated by the proposed control method, improving system frequency stability and maintaining the robustness of system operations.

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Zhang, Guanfeng, Junyou Yang, Haixin Wang et Jia Cui. « Presynchronous Grid-Connection Strategy of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Virtual Impedance ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (9 novembre 2020) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3690564.

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The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technology of inverter is widely used to provide the inertia and damping support for power system. However, an additional measurement device PLL (phase-locked loop) is required in the virtual synchronous generator grid connection to track the voltage phase, amplitude, and frequency, which restricts the flexible output of the distributed power generation system. To tackle this challenge, a method for grid-connected control of virtual synchronous generator based on virtual impedance is proposed. It is assumed that there is a virtual power exchange between the synchronous machine and the power grid when the virtual synchronous generator is off-grid, the virtual impedance is developed to calculate the virtual current, and when the virtual current is zero, the output voltage of the VSG can be synchronized with the voltage of the power grid, thereby seamlessly switching between off-grid and grid-connected VSG. A semiphysical simulation platform is built based on RT-LAB; simulation and experimental results show that the proposed grid synchronization control strategy of the VSG can achieve seamless transform between different VSG modes, which is simpler than the conventional synchronization control, while having a good active and reactive power tracing performance.

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Yan, Tao, Zhan Zhan Qu, Dong Hui, Yun Jia Liu, Peng Fei Jia et Xiao Kang Lai. « The Business Optimization Analysis of the Virtual Power Plant Based on the Large-Scale BESS System ». Advanced Materials Research 1070-1072 (décembre 2014) : 1524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1070-1072.1524.

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In the new energy power generation process, because it’s difficult to balance the dynamic energy and the system operation cost is high, the paper puts forward the basic structure of the commercial virtual power plant based on BESS system, then discuss the proper run mode of the virtual power plant to maximize the total revenue. On the basis of the electricity price of the Chinese typical areas and the cost of the BESS system, the paper builds the mathematical model of the economic benefits of the virtual power plant based on BESS system. This paper also builds the regulation optimization simulation model of the virtual power plant based on the aim of maximizing the overall profit of the energy supply and demand sides, and calculates the dynamic balance elements and optimization optimal power output value based on optimization algorithm. The simulation results show that using the virtual power plant based on BESS system to peak load shifting and control frequency is feasible in the economy.

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Vetoshkin, Lavr, et Zdeněk Müller. « A Comparative Analysis of a Power System Stability with Virtual Inertia ». Energies 14, n^o 11 (3 juin 2021) : 3277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14113277.

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The paper investigates the stability of a power system with synchronverters. A synchronverter is a control strategy for voltage source converters that introduces virtual inertia by mimicking synchronous machines. The authors picked a commonly known IEEE 9 bus and IEEE 39 bus test case systems for the test case studies. The paper presents the power system’s modal analysis with Voltage Source Converters (VSCs) controlled as synchronverters, vector control, or Rate of Change of Frequency-based Virtual Synchronous Generator, thus comparing different approaches to VSC control. The first case study compares selected control algorithms, the IEEE 9 bus system, with one VSC in the paper. The results demonstrate the benefits of synchronverters over other control strategies. The system with synchronverters has a higher minimal damping ratio, which is proven to be the case by numerical simulations. In the second case study, the effects of virtual inertia placement were investigated. The computations showed that placement is indeed important, however, the control strategy is as important. Besides, the system with synchronverters exhibits better stability characteristics. The paper demonstrates that the application of synchronverters is feasible and can meet the demand for algorithms that bring the benefits of virtual inertia.

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Lu, Shengyang, Yu Zhu, Lihu Dong, Guangyu Na, Yan Hao, Guanfeng Zhang, Wuyang Zhang, Shanshan Cheng, Junyou Yang et Yuqiu Sui. « Small-Signal Stability Research of Grid-Connected Virtual Synchronous Generators ». Energies 15, n^o 19 (28 septembre 2022) : 7158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197158.

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The virtual synchronous generator (VSG) technique is used to simulate the external characteristics of a synchronous generator (SG) to provide certain damping and inertia to power systems. However, it may easily cause low-frequency oscillation of the power system. We studied the small-signal stability of a grid-connected virtual synchronous generator. Firstly, the small-signal models of single-VSG and multi-VSG grid-connected systems were established. Subsequently, the system eigenvalues were obtained by solving the state matrix, and the system oscillation modes were analyzed. The eigenvalue analysis method was used to analyze the impacts of parameter changes, such as virtual moment of inertia, virtual damping coefficient, line resistance, and line inductance, on system stability. Finally, our conclusions were verified by numerous simulation models.

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Cheng, Meng, Saif Sabah Sami et Jianzhong Wu. « Benefits of using virtual energy storage system for power system frequency response ». Applied Energy 194 (mai 2017) : 376–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.06.113.

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Yang, Dejian, Enshu Jin, Jiahan You et Liang Hua. « Dynamic Frequency Support from a DFIG-Based Wind Turbine Generator via Virtual Inertia Control ». Applied Sciences 10, n^o 10 (13 mai 2020) : 3376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103376.

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As the penetrated level of wind in power grids increases, the online system inertia becomes weak. Doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine generators (WTGs) are required to provide virtual inertia response to support system frequency. The present inertia control strategy with fixed control gain is not suitable and may cause stall of the DFIG-based WTG, as the virtual inertia response potential from the DFIG-based WTG is different with various wind speed conditions. This paper addresses a virtual inertia control method for the DFIG-based WTGs to improve the system frequency stability without causing stalling of the wind turbine for various wind speed conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed virtual inertia control method is investigated in a small system embedded with the DFIG-based WTG. Results demonstrate that the proposed virtual inertia strategy improves the frequency stability without causing the rotor speed security issue. Thus, the proposed control strategy can secure the dynamic system frequency security of power systems under the scenarios of full and partial loads, and, consequently, the proposed method provides a promising solution of ancillary services to power systems.

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Sosnina, Elena N., Andrey V. Shalukho et Natalya I. Erdili. « INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN A VIRTUAL POWER PLANT BASED ON MULTI-AGENT CONTROL ». Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, n^o 3 (29 septembre 2022) : 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2022-3-103-113.

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The article is devoted to the problem of increasing the efficiency of renewable energy sources (RES). The development of distributed energy based on renewable energy sources is one of the most important areas for ensuring the energy security of consumers and reducing the anthropogenic load on the environment. Combining distributed sources of electricity into virtual power plants (VPP) with a general control system makes it possible to use the potential of renewable energy sources more efficiently. An approach to the management of energy exchange in a virtual power plant (VPP) based on a multi-agent system (MAS) is proposed and substantiated, taking into account the criterion of environmental friendliness of distributed generation (DG) installations and ensuring the efficient use of environmentally friendly renewable energy sources. Algorithms for the operation of generation and load agents have been developed to control energy exchange in a virtual power plant based on a multi-agent system. The algorithms differ in taking into account the environmental friendliness rating of distributed generation installations and allow you to maximize the renewable energy sources potential, ensuring the balance of electrical power in the virtual power plant and minimal losses during its transmission. A 20 kV virtual power plant is considered, combining 10 decentralized power supply systems (DPSS) with sources of distributed generation of various types and having the ability to exchange electricity with a centralized power system (CES). With the help of software complexes JADE and “RastrWin”, a study of the effectiveness of the method for controlling energy exchange in virtual power plant based on multi-agent system was carried out, taking into account the environmental rating of distributed generation installations. The results of the research showed that the use of a multi-agent approach to control the virtual power plant made it possible to increase the share of the use of renewable energy sources and reduce power losses in the electrical network.

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Zhong, Weilin, Junru Chen, Muyang Liu, Mohammed Ahsan Adib Murad et Federico Milano. « Coordinated Control of Virtual Power Plants to Improve Power System Short-Term Dynamics ». Energies 14, n^o 4 (23 février 2021) : 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14041182.

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The paper proposes a coordinated frequency control strategy for Virtual Power Plant (VPPs), with the inclusion of Distributed Energy Resource (DERs), e.g., Solar Photo-Voltaic Generation (SPVG), Wind Generator (WG) as well as Energy Storage System (ESS). The objective is to improve the short-term dynamic response of the overall power system. The robustness of the proposed control is evaluated through a Monte Carlo analysis and a detailed modeling of stochastic disturbances of loads, wind speed, and solar irradiance. The impact of communication delays of a variety of realistic communication networks with different bandwidths is also discussed and evaluated. The case study is based on a modified version of the WSCC 9-bus test system with inclusion of a VPP. This is modeled as a distribution network with inclusion of a variety of DERs.

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Jigoria-Oprea, Dan, Gheorghe Vuc et Marcela Litcanu. « Optimal Management of a Virtual Power Plant ». Transactions on Environment and Electrical Engineering 1, n^o 3 (17 octobre 2016) : 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22149/teee.v1i3.38.

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Deregulation of energy market led to the development of flexible and efficient framework for energy trading by energy companies in a competitive environment. Both deregulation and the concern towards environment issues increased the number of small and medium renewable power plants distributed in the network. The variability of renewable energy sources and the lack of their central monitoring led to new challenges concerning power system operation. The idea of aggregation for distributed energy sources led to the concept of virtual power plant, which determines a better control of production units but also a better visibility for the system operator. In this paper, the authors propose an optimal management solution which can offer a virtual power plant the capability to sell complete services, both for production and demand side management, by decreasing the necessary reserve for balance.

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Wang, Feng, Lizheng Sun, Zhang Wen et Fang Zhuo. « Overview of Inertia Enhancement Methods in DC System ». Energies 15, n^o 18 (13 septembre 2022) : 6704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186704.

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The modern power system is experiencing transformation from the rotational-generation-equipment-dominated system to a power-electronics-converter-dominated system, with the increasing penetration of renewable energy resources such as wind and photovoltaic. The power-electronics-based renewable generation, as well as energy storage system, can lead to the reduction of system inertia. As dc systems such as dc microgrids are attracting more attention, the low-inertia issues will challenge their stability. In this paper, a comprehensive review of inertia-enhancement methods in dc power systems is presented. The concept and significance of the inertia in dc systems is firstly introduced, and then the types of inertia-providing sources in dc systems are discussed. After that, the different virtual inertia control strategies applied in power electronics converters are classified and investigated. These virtual inertia control methods are proven to have a great ability to enhance the inertia of a dc system. The challenges and future research direction are discussed at the end of the article. In this paper, the previous research work on the inertia of dc power systems is summarized in detail, the inertia-enhancement methods of DC systems are comprehensively introduced, and the future research directions are prospected.

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Okuneva, V. V., A. A. Agamirzoev et K. B. Korneev. « IMPLEMENTING DISTRIBUTED GENERATION BY CREATING VIRTUAL POWER PLANTS ». Bulletin of the Tver State Technical University. Series «Building. Electrical engineering and chemical technology», n^o 3 (2020) : 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.46573/2658-7459-2020-3-51-59.

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We consider one of the most promising technologies for solving the problem of balancing a system with distributed generation is a virtual substation. It is noted that using the technologies of distributed computing and the «Internet of things», it is possible to implement an effective mechanism for decentralized control of power system elements.

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Chen, Chao, et Jorge Angeles. « Virtual-Power Flow and Mechanical Gear-Mesh Power Losses of Epicyclic Gear Trains ». Journal of Mechanical Design 129, n^o 1 (31 juillet 2006) : 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2359473.

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The concept of virtual power is first defined as the power measured, in a noninertial frame, in an epicyclic gear train. We then introduce the concept of virtual-power ratio, an invariant related to the power loss in an epicyclic system. It is shown that virtual-power flow and balance exist in an epicyclic gear train, based on which a novel algorithm to compute the gear-mesh powerloss and the train efficiency is formulated. This algorithm is general enough to be applied to any given epicyclic gear train. Our results are compared with previous work on the subject.

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Baran, P., Y. Varetsky, V. Kidyba et Y. Pryshliak. « A mathematical model for the virtual simulator of the power unit electrical part ». IOP Conference Series : Materials Science and Engineering 1216, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1216/1/012009.

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Abstract The mathematical model is developed for a virtual training system (simulator) of the power unit electrical part operators of a thermal (nuclear) power plant. The model is used to simulating the main operating conditions of the power unit electrical part: generator idling, generator synchronization with the power system, excitation shifting from the main unit to the backup one and vice versa, switching in the power unit auxiliary system, and others. Furthermore, it has been implemented modelling some probable emergency conditions within a power plant: incomplete phase switching, damage to standard power unit equipment, synchronous oscillations, asynchronous mode, etc. The model of the power unit electrical part consists of two interacting software units: models of power equipment (turbine, generator with excitation systems, auxiliary system) and models of its control systems, automation, relay protection and signalling. The models are represented by the corresponding algebraic-differential equations that provide real-time mapping power unit processes at the operator’s request. The developed model uses optimal solving algebraic-differential equations to ensure the virtual process behaviour in real-time. In particular, the implicit Euler method is used to solve differential equations, which is stable when simulating processes in significant disturbances, such as accidental disconnection of the unit from the power system, tripping and energizing loads, generator excitation loss, etc.

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