Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Vineyard sustainability »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Vineyard sustainability"
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Verdugo-Vásquez, Nicolás, Emilio Villalobos-Soublett, Gastón Gutiérrez-Gamboa et Miguel Araya-Alman. « Spatial Variability of Production and Quality in Table Grapes ‘Flame Seedless’ Growing on a Flat Terrain and Slope Site ». Horticulturae 7, no 8 (19 août 2021) : 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae7080254.
Texte intégralRésumé :
(1) Background: Precision agriculture has been used mostly to study spatial variability in vineyards for winemaking. Nevertheless, there is little available information on the impacts of its use on table grape vineyards under different slope conditions. (2) Methods: The aim was to study the spatial variability of production and berry quality in ‘Flame Seedless’ vines established on a flat (3% slope) and sloping (23% slope) terrain in the Chilean hyper-arid northern region. (3) Results: The results showed that in both vineyards, the measured variables presented a high spatial variability according to their coefficient of variation, being higher in slope than in the flat vineyard. The geostatistical analysis showed that 82% of the measured variables presented a strong spatial dependence in the slope vineyard, whereas 45% and 55% of the variables measured in the flat vineyard presented strong and moderate spatial dependence, respectively. Elevation was related to berry quality parameters in both vineyards, while trunk vine circumference was related to berry quality for the slope vineyard and to yield for the flat vineyard. (4) Conclusions: There is an important spatial variability in table grape vineyards mostly those cultivated on slope sites. Therefore, precision agriculture tools can be useful for zoning table grape vineyards, and thus improving both economic returns of viticulturists and sustainability.
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Sportelli, Mino, Christian Frasconi, Marco Fontanelli, Michel Pirchio, Michele Raffaelli, Simone Magni, Lisa Caturegli, Marco Volterrani, Marco Mainardi et Andrea Peruzzi. « Autonomous Mowing and Complete Floor Cover for Weed Control in Vineyards ». Agronomy 11, no 3 (12 mars 2021) : 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11030538.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Enhancing vineyards sustainability and reducing herbicides usage is a crucial theme, thus alternative weed management methods are starting to be studied. Cover crops have been shown to provide for several environmental services such as performing an efficient weed control and promoting biodiversity, thus improving the sustainability of the overall management system. However, the use of cover crops is usually confined to the interrow area in order to avoid competition with vines. Under-trellis weed management in vineyards is an important challenge, conventionally fulfilled by cultivation or repeated herbicides applications. Autonomous mowers are small autonomous machines that have shown a great efficiency when employed in agricultural contexts. Due to their reduced size, they can easily prevent the excessive vertical growth of weeds both in the interrows and under trellis without the use of chemical applications. The aim of this trial was to evaluate if the combination of cover crop species and autonomous mowers management could improve vineyard sustainability. Vineyard floor cover that was managed with an autonomous mower had a shorter canopy height and a lower weed dry biomass compared to the conventionally managed vineyard floor cover. Vineyard floor management providing cover crops and autonomous mowing had a significantly lower weed cover percentage compared to conventional floor management, especially under-trellis. The results of this trial suggest that the combination of cover crops and autonomous mowers may be a sustainable and reliable technique to include in vineyards floor management.
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Wightwick, Adam, Mahabubur Mollah, Jennifer Smith et Alison MacGregor. « Sampling considerations for surveying copper concentrations in Australian vineyard soils ». Soil Research 44, no 7 (2006) : 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr05135.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Australian wine industry has funded a study to determine the concentrations of copper in vineyard soils and to assess whether the continued use of copper-based fungicides is likely to be detrimental to the long-term agricultural sustainability of vineyard soils. Prior to the conduct of regional surveys to determine copper concentrations in vineyard soils, a preliminary study was conducted in 6 vineyards near Mildura (34°S, 142°E) (north-western Vic., Australia) to determine sampling considerations. The study investigated the distribution of copper in the soils of vineyards with 3 different histories of copper-based fungicide use: <5 years old; at least 30 years old during which time the vineyard had been ploughed and replanted; and at least 60 years old. At 3 locations in each vineyard, soil samples were collected from 2 depths (0–0.15 and 0.15–0.30 m) at 0.30-m intervals along two 1.50-m-long transects running at right angles in opposite directions from the vine trunk towards the inter-row areas. The results showed that copper concentrations were higher in the top 0.15 m of soil (P < 0.001) and declined with distance from the vine (P = 0.002). The variation in copper concentrations between vineyards was found to be much greater than the variation within vineyards (variance component of 0.7746 and 0.0893, respectively). Balancing an acceptable level of error with the resources required to collect samples, we recommend obtaining 1 composite soil sample from each vineyard in regional surveys to determine copper concentrations in vineyard soils. Sampling depth and distance from the vine should also be taken into consideration in future soil sampling depending on the objective of the study.
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Zambon, Ilaria, Artemi Cerdà, Sirio Cividino et Luca Salvati. « The (Evolving) Vineyard’s Age Structure in the Valencian Community, Spain : A New Demographic Approach for Rural Development and Landscape Analysis ». Agriculture 9, no 3 (20 mars 2019) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9030059.
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Vineyards have assumed a key role as rural landmarks in recent decades. Investigating vineyard dynamics and contexts may reveal various economic, cultural, and environmental aspects of rural landscapes, which can be linked to land-use changes and major soil degradation processes, including soil erosion. As a contribution to rural landscape studies, the purpose of this work is to investigate the spatial distribution of vineyard plots in the Valencian community, located in the eastern area of the Iberian Peninsula, focusing on the final product, the type of vineyard and how long each vineyard has been settled over time. The work provides a comprehensive analysis of a wine-growing landscape, considering strategic (spatial) assets in present and past times. Vineyards were interpreted as a distinctive landmarks that give value to local economies; basic knowledge of how long different types of wine plots have been present in the Valencian community is useful when estimating their degree of sustainability and formulating suggestions, policies, and strategies to prevent processes of landscape degradation at various spatial scales.
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Mania, Elena, Fabio Petrella, Matteo Giovannozzi, Mauro Piazzi, Alena Wilson et Silvia Guidoni. « Managing Vineyard Topography and Seasonal Variability to Improve Grape Quality and Vineyard Sustainability ». Agronomy 11, no 6 (3 juin 2021) : 1142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061142.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Topography may induce variability in meteorological conditions at the meso-scale level and could influence grape quality. Understanding the impact of topography on grape ripening allows for the development of sustainable management practices that include topographical influences in their consideration. This is also important for applying proactive strategies able to counter the expected changes of climate. This study was conducted on cv. Nebbiolo vineyards in North-West Italy. The topographic traits were performed in 17 vineyards within the region, which had previously been identified as belonging to different terroir units. An analysis of historical meteorological data series was also carried out to characterize the units from the meteorological point of view. The grape composition was investigated during 2012 and 2013. Based on the topography traits, a Cluster Analysis classified the 17 vineyards into four groups. Differences among groups mainly concerned insolation and heat accumulation. Topography influenced the individual components of grape quality differently depending on the seasonal weather trend. Interactions between topography and vintage were observed for a few parameters. Better understanding the grapevine reaction to external factors/site characteristics can allow for improved site and season-specific management decision making and can contribute to improving vineyard sustainability while maintaining winery objectives and wine typicity.
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Novara, Agata, Valeria Favara, Amelia Novara, Nicola Francesca, Tanino Santangelo, Pietro Columba, Stefania Chironi, Marzia Ingrassia et Luciano Gristina. « Soil Carbon Budget Account for the Sustainability Improvement of a Mediterranean Vineyard Area ». Agronomy 10, no 3 (2 mars 2020) : 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10030336.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Sustainable viticulture is suggested as an interesting strategy for achieving the objectives of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction in terms of mitigation and adaptation. However, knowledge and quantification of the contribution of sustainable vineyard management on climate change impact are needed. Although it is widely assessed by several authors that the agricultural stage has a great impact in the wine chain, very few studies have evaluated the greenhouse gas emission in this phase including the ability of soil to sequester carbon (C) or the off-farm C loss by erosion. This work aimed to provide a vineyard carbon budget (vCB) tool to quantify the impact of grape production on GHG emission including the effects of environmental characteristics and agricultural practices. The vCB was estimated considering four different soil management scenarios: conventional tillage (CT), temporary cover crop with a leguminous species in alternate inter-rows (ACC), temporary cover crop with a leguminous species (CC), permanent cover crop (PCC). The estimation of vCB was applied at territory level in a viticulture area in Sicily (2468 ha of vineyard) using empirical data. Results of the present study showed that the environmental characteristics strongly affect the sustainability of vineyard management; the highest contribution to total CO2 emission is, in fact, given by the C losses by erosion in sloping vineyards. Soils of studied vineyards are a source of CO2 due to the low C inputs and high mineralization rate, except for soil managed by CC which can sequester soil C, contributing positively to vCB. The highest total CO2 emission was estimated in vineyards under CT management (2.31 t ha−1y−1), followed by CC (1.27 t ha−1y−1), ACC (0.69 t ha−1y−1) and PCC (0.64 t ha−1y−1). Findings of vCB applied at territory level highlighted the key role of the evaluation of carbon budget (CB) on a larger scale to identify the CO2 emission in relation to climatic and environmental factors. The present study could contribute to provide suggestions to policymakers and farmers for reducing GHG emissions and promote more sustainable grape production practices.
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García Castellanos, Begoña, Benjamín García García et José García García. « Evaluation of the Sustainability of Vineyards in Semi-Arid Climates : The Case of Southeastern Spain ». Agronomy 12, no 12 (18 décembre 2022) : 3213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12123213.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Vineyards in southeastern Spain, although subjected to a semi-arid climate, generate multiple environmental and socioeconomic benefits. However, they have an uncertain future, mainly due to the price of grapes, as well as the limited water resources and the effects of climate change. For this reason, in this work a sustainability evaluation was carried out through life cycle costing analysis (LCC) combined with life cycle assessment (LCA) for four vineyard models characteristic of the area: two rainfed (conventional and organic) and two irrigated (conventional and organic). The greatest differences in the cost structure between the rainfed and irrigated systems are due to the amortization of the infrastructure of the irrigated vineyards, which requires high gross production, via productivity in kilos or in a grape price that prioritizes quality. In addition, the environmental impacts are greater due to this infrastructure. The differences between conventional and organic production for each type of vineyard are of little relevance. The inputs of this crop are minimized, to lower costs, and this entails low economic and environmental costs. However, conventional management entails slightly higher impacts than organic management.
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Pessina, Domenico, Lavinia Eleonora Galli, Stefano Santoro et Davide Facchinetti. « Sustainability of Machinery Traffic in Vineyard ». Sustainability 13, no 5 (25 février 2021) : 2475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052475.
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Viticulture involves significant levels of machinery traffic, causing heavy soil compaction. In particular, the compaction of the subsoil is increased; a deep tillage could certainly solve the problem, but the risk of damage to the plants’ root system is high. The aim of this study was to investigate the trend of both the top- and the sub-soil compaction in a hillside vineyard located in Tuscany (Italy), investigating different machine-implement combinations, i.e., self-propelled machinery or narrow tractor coupled to implements. The tests were repeated periodically along the entire growing season, approximately every 6–8 weeks (end of May, end of July and first decade of October). A single test included at least 50 sample measurements, recorded randomly along each inter-row investigated. In the surveyed field, the inter-rows were alternatively covered with grass, or tilled in the top layer during the previous wintertime. Two experimental test sets were developed: the first involved the use of two implements (a sprayer and a grape harvester) towed by narrow tractors, while in the second the pesticide distribution and the harvesting were performed with a properly equipped self-propelled tool carrier. All the other farming operations were executed using the same implements in both cases. Balanced use of the self-propelled tool carrier and the traditional tractor-implement combination allows a better distribution of the soil compaction (in particular in the top-soil), thus improving the root-growing efficiency.
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Barnes, A. M., S. D. Wratten et H. S. Sandhu. « Harnessing Biodiversity to Improve Vineyard Sustainability ». Outlooks on Pest Management 20, no 6 (1 décembre 2009) : 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1564/20dec04.
Texte intégral
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Barnes, A. M., S. D. Wratten et H. S. Sandhu. « HARNESSING BIODIVERSITY TO IMPROVE VINEYARD SUSTAINABILITY ». Acta Horticulturae, no 873 (septembre 2010) : 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2010.873.5.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Vineyard sustainability"
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Kirby, Harry Alfred Molesworth. « A project to design a sustainable vineyard in the UK : a critical analysis of the viticulture in the UK ». Master's thesis, ISA, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19580.
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Vinifera Euromaster European Master in Viticulture and Oenology - Instituto Superior de Agronomia / EMaVEThe objective of this thesis is to study the sustainability of viticulture in the United Kingdom. Viticulture in the United Kingdom as a commercially viable proposition is a relatively recent development brought about by climate change. The conclusion of this study is that the biggest threat to the sustainability of viticulture in the United Kingdom is the same climate change that has made it possible. Possible solutions to reduce the environmental impact of viticulture in the United Kingdom are proposed and evaluated
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Deniston-sheets, Holly M. « Short Term Shifts in Soil Nematode Food Feb Structure and Nutrient Cycling Following Sustainable Soil Management in a California Vineyard ». DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2019. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Evaluating soil health using bioindicator organisms has been suggested as a method of analyzing the long-term sustainability of agricultural management practices. The main objective of this study was to determine the effects of vineyard management strategies on soil food web structure and function, using nematodes as bioindicators by calculating established nematode ecological indices. Three field trials were conducted in a commercial Pinot Noir vineyard in San Luis Obispo, California; the effects of (i) fertilizer type (organic and inorganic), (ii) weed management (herbicide and tillage), and (iii) cover crops (high or low water requirements) on nematode community structure, soil nutrient content, and crop quality and yield were analyzed. Overall, although nematode ecological indices indicated that all plots had disturbed soil food webs, the indices proved to be less useful for measuring subtle differences in soil management over the short-term than anticipated. They showed few differences treatments. In general, the most pronounced differences were seen by sample location (under the vine or in the tractor row) and sample date, rather than treatment. None of the evaluated strategies affected crop quality, although fertilizer had a slight effect on yield. However, several indices were correlated with soil chemical parameters, including pH, nitrogen, carbon, and, to a lesser extent, EC. These results indicate that while nematode indices can be useful for comparing the state of the soil food web under long-term soil conditions, they may not be a robust measure of how agricultural management practices change soil health over a single growing season.
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Ribeiro, Joana Amaro. « Influência do modo de produção da vinha na abundância e diversidade de macroinvertebrados ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/26220.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A vitivinicultura é um dos principais setores agrícolas sendo importante a utilização de práticas mais sustentáveis que fomentem a biodiversidade. O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar de que forma diferentes modos de produção da vinha determinam diferentes níveis de abundância e diversidade de macroinvertebrados, tal como de produtividade. Pretendeu-se sugerir medidas de conservação que permitam aumentar a sustentabilidade das vinhas. Os macroinvertebrados do solo foram coletados utilizando armadilhas pitfall. Foram estudados três modos de produção: convencional, biológico e produção integrada em optidose. A área de estudo foi a Herdade dos Pinheiros da Fundação Eugénio de Almeida, em Évora, para as vinhas biológica e produção integrada em optidose, e Montoito, para a convencional. Concluiu-se que o modo de produção convencional tem efeitos negativos na abundância e diversidade de macroinvertebrados, havendo um controlo biológico reduzido. Os restantes modos de produção apresentaram valores aproximados entre eles, mas produtividades inferiores ao convencional; Effects of vineyard agricultural practices on the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates
Abstract:
Nowadays, vineyards might play a key role in producing win-win solutions for agriculture and biodiversity conservation. Therefore, it is important to enhance sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different agriculture practices on macroinvertebrate abundance and diversity, as well as on productivity levels. We suggested conservation measures for vineyard management that improve biodiversity. We compared three differently managed vineyards: conventional, organic and integrated production with optidoses (controlled doses of chemicals). Soil macroinvertebrates were sampled by pitfall traps. Study area was Herdade dos Pinheiros (Fundação Eugénio de Almeida), in Évora, for organic and integrated production vineyards, and Montoito, for the conventional vineyard. We learned that conventional management measures have negative effects on the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates. Therefore, biological control was lower in this vineyard. In organic and integrated production vineyards we found similar abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates, but lower levels of productivity compared to the conventional vineyard.
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Coll, Patrice. « Qualité des sols viticoles en Languedoc-Roussillon : effets des pratiques agricoles ». Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NSAM0030/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le sol, composante du Terroir doit être considéré comme une ressource non renouvelable essentielle au fonctionnement des agroécosystèmes. Or, les sols viticoles sont particulièrement vulnérables aux dégradations. L’objectif central de ma thèse est donc d’évaluer comment les pratiques viticoles affectent la qualité des sols dans le Languedoc-Roussillon. Pour ce faire, j’ai d’abord évalué la qualité des sols sur 164 parcelles présentant une grande variabilité de pratiques culturales et réparties sur 9 zones pédologiques très diversifiées. Puis, j’ai évalué la vitesse de changement de la qualité des sols par l’analyse de 24 parcelles d’une zone homogène converties progressivement en viticulture biologique depuis un maximum de 17 ans. Plusieurs indicateurs physiques (densité apparente, porosité totale, stabilité structurale et humidité à la capacité au champ), chimiques (teneur en carbone et azote, C/N, disponibilité des éléments P, K, et Cu, capacité d’échange cationique) et biologiques (biomasse microbienne, respirométrie, nématodes, vers de terre) ont été mesurés afin de fournir une vision holistique de la qualité des sols. Mes résultats montrent une diversité de qualité des sols viticoles au regard des perturbations subies par les différentes pratiques. J’ai également démontré que la majorité des indicateurs étudiés sont sensibles aux pratiques viticoles indépendamment des types de sol étudiés. Concernant la dynamique de changement, la qualité des sols viticoles se stabilise après 7-11 de pratiques biologiques. Toutefois, malgré une augmentation significative des activités biologiques du sol (micro-organismes et nématodes libres), la conversion depuis 17 ans n’a pas mis en évidence une amélioration nette de la qualité du sol. En conclusion, nous avons confirmé la vulnérabilité des sols viticoles languedociens aux pratiques en cours. Mes travaux mettent en lumière l’importance du transfert des connaissances acquises lors de ce travail pour améliorer la perception de la qualité des sols par les viticulteurs et les professionnels de la filière viticoleSoils should be considered as a non-enewable yet essential resource for agroecosystem functioning. Animportant component of the Terroir, vineyard soils are nevertheless particularly vulnerable to degradation.The main objective of my PhD was to assess the effect of viticultural practices on soil quality in theLanguedoc©Roussillon region. In this aim, I first assessed soil quality on 164 vineyard plots representing awide range of viticultural practices and located in 9 contrasted soil type zones. I then estimated the speed of change in soil quality, by analyzing 24 plots from one homogeneous zone after their conversion toorganic viticulture, undertaken 1 to 17 years ago. Several physical (bulk density, total porosity, structuralstability and soil moisture at field capacity) as well as chemical (carbon and nitrogen content, C/N, P, K and Cu availability, cation exchange capacity) and biological (microbial biomass, respiration, nematode andearthworm abundance) indicators were measured in order to provide a holistic appraisal of soil quality. Myresults show that the variability of vineyard soil quality reflects the perturbations inflicted by differentmanagement practices. I have also established that the majority of the studied indicators are sensitive toviticultural practices, independently of soil type. The study of the dynamics of the change in vineyard soilquality revealed stabilization after 7 to 11 years of organic management practices. However, despite asignificant increase in biological activity (microbial biomass and free©living nematode abundance), no clearimprovement in soil quality was apparent 17 years after conversion to organic viticulture. In conclusion, we have confirmed the vulnerability of Languedoc©Roussillon vineyard soils to current management practices. My work highlights the importance of transferring the acquired knowledge to winegrowers and wine sector professionals in order to improve their perception of soil quality
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Vieira, Joana Filipa Carvalho. « Avaliação do potencial da madeira de poda da videira para fins de valor acrescentado ». Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/33537.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Os subprodutos da vinha são resíduos agrícolas abundantemente disponíveis em Portugal. O sector vitivinícola é um dos sectores mais representativos da economia agrícola, sendo a vinha e o olival as duas culturas permanentes dominantes em Portugal. Da atividade vitivinícola resultam várias toneladas de subprodutos entre os quais se destaca a madeira de poda de videira, o subproduto da vinha disponível em maior quantidade (massa). Os objetivos do presente trabalho consistiram na quantificação da madeira de poda de videira produzida a nível nacional (Portugal Continental) e na proposta de soluções para aproveitamento do subproduto em questão. A quantificação da madeira foi efetuada recorrendo a pesquisas realizadas junto de empresas e entidades do ramo vitivinícola. Por outro lado, a proposta de soluções de aproveitamento da madeira de poda foi feita recorrendo a exemplos estudados/implementados em Portugal e/ou noutros países, não só para este tipo de subprodutos como para outros semelhantes (como por exemplo: poda de oliveira e madeira florestal). Pelo que a presente dissertação é baseada em pesquisa e análise de dados existentes e posteriormente tratamento dos mesmos (se aplicável). Atualmente, a madeira de poda de videira representa maioritariamente uma perda de recursos e em muito dos casos acarreta para o produtor, um custo sem qualquer retorno. Para procurar soluções que permitissem conferir valor acrescentado a este subproduto da vinha, primeiramente, realizou-se um levantamento da quantidade de madeira de poda resultante das vinhas a nível nacional por NUTS II de forma a determinar a sua dispersão no território, tendo-se obtido um valor estimado de 974 mil toneladas. Seguidamente, foram estudadas três possibilidades de aproveitamento da madeira de poda: produção de Biochar, produção de biocombustíveis e produção de energia em centrais de biomassa. Para cada uma das possibilidades de aproveitamento avaliadas, foi feita uma análise da implementação de um polo industrial de conversão do subproduto num produto de valor acrescentado, tendo em conta os locais de maior produção de madeira de poda no país, as vias de transporte disponíveis e ainda o custo associado ao seu transporte. Foi ainda analisado o aproveitamento das indústrias existentes na periferia das regiões vitivinícolas de modo a avaliar a sustentabilidade do processo tanto a nível económico como ambiental.Vine by-products are agricultural residues abundantly available in Portugal. The winemaking sector is one of the most important areas of the Portuguese agriculture economy. The vineyards alongside olive groves are the two dominant permanent crops in Portugal. The winemaking activity creates several tons of by-products, among those there is the vine pruning wood, which is the biggest by-product created in this activity. The aim of the present dissertation is to quantify the available vine pruning wood at national level (Mainland Portugal) and to propose solutions for its use as a by-product. Moreover, the proposal solutions for pruning wood uses were based into studied/implemented examples in Portugal and/or in other countries, not only for this type of by-products but for similar ones (such as: olive pruning and forest wood). Therefore, the present dissertation was based on the research and analysis of existing data and the later treatment of them (if applicable). So far, vine pruning represents a great loss of resources and in most cases an unavoidable cost for the producer. In order to find solutions to add value to this by-product, surveys were carried out to determine the amount of pruning wood available at a NUTS II level. The surveys were done at the NUTS II level in order to determine their dispersal in the country. From the surveys, it was possible to estimate 974 tons of vine pruning wood available at national level. Then, three solutions for the pruning wood were studied: Biochar production, biofuel production and energy production in biomass plants. For each of the solutions, studies were carried out regarding the feasibility of the proposed processing plants to convert the by-product in an added value product. The studies analyzed the places with the greatest pruning wood production in the country, the transport routes available and the cost associated with shipping. It was also studied the use of industries near the wine regions to evaluate the sustainability of the process at both economic and environmental level.
Livres sur le sujet "Vineyard sustainability"
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White, Robert E. Understanding Vineyard Soils. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342068.001.0001.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The first edition of Understanding Vineyard Soils has been praised for its comprehensive coverage of soil topics relevant to viticulture. However, the industry is dynamic--new developments are occurring, especially with respect to measuring soil variability, managing soil water, possible effects of climate change, rootstock breeding and selection, monitoring sustainability, and improving grape quality and the "typicity" of wines. All this is embodied in an increased focus on the terroir or "sense of place" of vineyard sites, with greater emphasis being placed on wine quality relative to quantity in an increasingly competitive world market. The promotion of organic and biodynamic practices has raised a general awareness of "soil health", which is often associated with a soil's biology, but which to be properly assessed must be focused on a soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. This edition of White's influential book presents the latest updates on these and other developments in soil management in vineyards. With a minimum of scientific jargon, Understanding Vineyard Soils explains the interaction between soils on a variety of parent materials around the world and grapevine growth and wine typicity. The essential chemical and physical processes involving nutrients, water, oxygen and carbon dioxide, moderated by the activities of soil organisms, are discussed. Methods are proposed for alleviating adverse conditions such as soil acidity, sodicity, compaction, poor drainage, and salinity. The pros and cons of organic viticulture are debated, as are the possible effects of climate change. The author explains how sustainable wine production requires winegrowers to take care of the soil and minimize their impact on the environment. This book is a practical guide for winegrowers and the lay reader who is seeking general information about soils, but who may also wish to pursue in more depth the influence of different soil types on vine performance and wine character.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Vineyard sustainability"
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Vieri, Marco, Daniele Sarri, Stefania Lombardo, Marco Rimediotti, Riccardo Lisci, Valentina De Pascale, Eleonora Salvini, Carolina Perna et Andrea Pagliai. « Vineyards production cycle with SPA technologies ». Dans Manuali – Scienze Tecnologiche, 10. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.10.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The use of Precision Agriculture in the vineyard chain has had a strong evolution over the last years, due to the need to risks control derived by pest and climate change. The great variability of the specific environment, dimension and infrastructure have determined more research development than market ready technologies, in comparison with what is happened in tillage crops. In viticulture, pest and climate dangerous event risk control, with IoT technologies is the core of innovation, then there is the vigour control of the vines by monitoring an agronomical management. For the high value chain of wine traceability and sustainability, key indexes are fundamental. Digital and high tech territorial platforms are essential to increase PA technologies acquisition in grape and wine value chain.
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Vieri, Marco, Daniele Sarri, Stefania Lombardo, Marco Rimediotti, Riccardo Lisci, Valentina De Pascale, Eleonora Salvini, Carolina Perna et Andrea Pagliai. « Internet of Things in agriculture ». Dans Manuali – Scienze Tecnologiche, 32. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-044-3.32.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Agriculture 4.0 & High Tech Farming are strictly related to connectivity between management system and tools (devices and equipment). That is called IoT approach. The definition of Internet of things is evolving due to the convergence of multiple technologies, real-time analytics, machine learning, commodity sensors, and embedded systems. In farming system like vineyard and tillage crops, the main applications are related to monitor soil, environment and crops but also to provide prescription maps essential to control automatic operation of devices and equipment. The systemic system of IoT permits to have augmented knowledge on the overall process that is essential to manage sustainability and product quality. IoT enhances traceability by block chain.
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Tompkins, Jean-Marie, Steve D. Wratten et Marja Simpson. « Enhancing Ecosystem Services in Australasian Vineyards for Sustainability and Profit ». Dans Arthropod Management in Vineyards :, 139–57. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4032-7_7.
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Nistor, Eleonora, Alina Georgeta Dobrei, Alin Dobrei et Narasinha Shurpali. « GHG Emissions and Mitigation in Romanian Vineyards ». Dans Energy, Environment, and Sustainability, 33–56. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3272-2_4.
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Murguía Reyes, César Augusto. « Strategies for the Organic Management of Root-Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Vineyards Under Desert Conditions in the North Coast of Peru ». Dans Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection, 269–91. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09943-4_11.
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« 34. Sustainability ». Dans A Vineyard in Napa, 173–78. University of California Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/9780520954120-038.
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Hatfield, Maryella. « Case Studies in Sustainability : The South Vineyard Creek Story ». Dans Right Research, 375–83. Open Book Publishers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0213.23.
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« Manipulating Plant Biodiversity to Enhance Biological Control of Insect Pests : A Case Study of a Northern California Organic Vineyard ». Dans Agroecosystem Sustainability, 41–62. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420041514-7.
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Bota, Josefina, Rosa Arroyo-Garcia, Ignacio Tortosa et Hipólito Medrano. « Exploiting genetic diversity to improve environmental sustainability of Mediterranean vineyards ». Dans Improving Sustainable Viticulture and Winemaking Practices, 25–44. Elsevier, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-85150-3.00010-4.
Texte intégralActes de conférences sur le sujet "Vineyard sustainability"
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Mann, Jessica C., Meghan L. Abramczyk, Matthew R. Andrews, Jessica A. Rothbart, Robyn M. Small et R. Reid Bailey. « Sustainability at Kluge Estate vineyard and winery ». Dans 2010 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sieds.2010.5469654.
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DOBREI, Alin, Alina Georgeta DOBREI, Eleonora NISTOR, Sorin STANCIU, Mihaela MOATĂR et Florin SALA. « SUSTAINABILITY OF GRAPEVINE PRODUCTION THROUGH MORE EFFICIENT SYSTEMS OF SOIL MAINTENANCE AND AGRO-BIOLOGICAL INDICATORS ». Dans Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.022.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Tillage practices in viticulture are very important, with major effects on quantitative and qualitative production, on vines phenology and stages of growth. In this study the aim was to identify the most appropriate vineyard floor management, located on flat land or mild slopes, with medium or high soils fertility. The research was carried out during 2011–2013 in the vineyard of the BUASVM Didactic Station from Timisoara and focusing exclusively on several variants of soil maintenance in order to replace the need for manual labor. Leaf area was estimated by concentric circles method and sugar concentration was evaluated by refractometry. Total acidity in must and wine was determined by titration. Grape yield was estimated by bunches counting and weighing, for each variety and productive potential (kg ha-1) was appreciated by multiplying the average yield per vine with the number of vines per hectare. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 6. Performance of Burgundy variety for superior red wines group and Silvania table grape variety – with a medium ripening, were analyzed in the experiment. For both Burgundy and Silvania varieties the sixth variant (V6–bare soil by tillage middles row (tractor and rotary hoe)/rotary hoe undervine (tractor and adjustable offset rotary tiller) registered the highest grape yield during the research. The lowest grape yield fulfils to the seventh variant of vineyard floor management. Burgundy variety had the average must sugar content of 195 ± 4.27 g l-1 and that of the leaf area of 7.09 ± 0.58 m2 while in Silvania variety the average of grape must acidity was 4.66 ± 0.35 g l-1 H2SO4 and the leaf area of 7.42 ± 0.51 m2/vine. Between must sugar content and leaf area, in Burgundy and Silvania variety has been established a significant positive linear correlation (r = 0.94 ***) and (r = 0.88 **; p <0.001) respectively, variables being virtually indistinguishable.
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Cerdà, Artemi, et Enric Terol. « SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE MANAGEMENTS TO CONTROL SOIL EROSION ». Dans 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2021.2021.13258.
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High rates of soil erosion compromise sustainable agriculture. In rainfed agricultural fields, erosion rates several orders ofmagnitude higher than the erosion rates considered tolerable have been quantified. In Mediterranean rainfed crops suchas vineyards, almonds and olive groves, and in the new sloping citrus and persimmon plantations, the rates of soil lossmake it necessary to apply measures to reduce them to avoid collapse in agricultural production. Managements such asweeds, catch crops and mulches (straw and pruning remains) are viable options to achieve sustainability. This work appliesmeasurements through plots, simulated rainfall experiments and ISUM (Improved Stock-Unearhing method) to quantifythe loss of soil at different temporal and spatial scales in fields of traditional management (herbicide or tillage) and underalternative management (mulches and plant covers). The work carried out at the experimental station for the study of soilerosion in the Sierra de Enguera and those of Montesa and Les Alcusses provide information on erosion plots undernatural rain. Experiments carried out with simulated rain in fields of olive, almond, citrus, persimmon, vineyard and fruittrees report the hydrological and erosive response under low frequency and high intensity rains. And finally, the ISUMtopographic method report the impact of long-term management, from the plantation. The results indicate that the loss ofsoil is greater (x10-1000) in soils under traditional management (tillage and herbicide) due to the fact that they remain barefor most of the year. The use of straw mulch immediately reduces soil erosion by two orders of magnitude. Also mulchesfrom chipped pruned branches remains are very efficient but require more years to reduce soil loss. Weeds and catchcrops are very efficient in controlling erosion.
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De Feo, Emanuela. « Vernacular architecture of the Amalfi coast : a medieval domus in Villa Rufolo in Ravello (Italy) ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.15171.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The oldest medieval domus in Ravello date back to the twelfth century, as an evolution of the original house with barrel vaults, a primitive stone construction with walls of dry masonry of limestone and almost always connected to an olive grove or a vineyard, widespread on the Campania coasts between the island of Capri, the coast of Sorrento and that of Amalfi. Vertical and horizontal aggregations of this module have constituted, over time, the evolution of the building typology, while retaining some of the pre-existing architectural elements and the peculiar construction characteristics, including the strong link of this architecture with the particular orography of the territory. The private building complexes are the result of this ongoing process, consisting of various rooms connected to each other and arranged on several levels, in which the members of a single family lived with their servants. The entire structure was surrounded by walls and defended by towers. The interiors consisted of rooms heated by fireplaces, kitchens, furnaces, Arab baths, cisterns, wells, cellars, warehouses, stables, rooms for winemaking, gardens and cultivated terraces. The paper analyzes the history and construction features of one of the few medieval domus still existing and which has not undergone substantial transformations, also because it was brought to light only in the last decade of the twentieth century, currently located in the boundaries of Villa Rufolo in Ravello. Its original conformation is hypothesized, thanks also to a description made of it in the archive documents. The paper also reports the work carried out on the case study in order to undertake a cataloguing of a heritage in continuous discovery.
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Naranjo, Lourdes Royo. « Strategies to value the dispersed heritage of rural Andalusia. Lagares, paseros and vineyards : the architecture of the raisin ». Dans HERITAGE2022 International Conference on Vernacular Heritage : Culture, People and Sustainability. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/heritage2022.2022.14372.
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The United Nations Food and Agroindustry Organization (FAO) declared in 2018 the Malaga raisin pro-duction system as an Important World Agricultural Heritage System (SIPAM). There are 62 SIPAM world-wide, five of them in Spain and Malaga is the only one in the entire Andalusian autonomous community. The value of this declaration resides in the recognition of a cultural heritage capable of combining agri-cultural biodiversity with resilient ecosystems and a valuable cultural landscape where its architecture remains linked to artisan production. The SIPAM of Malaga has an area of 280 km², it ranges from the cultivation of the Moscatel grape to its transformation into raisins through drying in the sun, favoring the conservation of the landscape, avoiding erosion or desertification processes and constituting an element of linkage of the population with its territory.Since the 18th century, the production coexisted with other forms of elaboration that complemented it. Said structures associated with this industry were located on agricultural properties following various construc-tion models, ranging from rudimentary forms of sunlight such as the almijares in the paved ring of the press, to buildings of higher production. After the phylloxera crisis and the process of constant production decline, we would end up with the destruction of a large part of Malaga's payments. The wineries, paseros and warehouses were transformed into ruins or were reconverted to other lower-yield agricultural activi-ties.Of that material wealth we recognize scattered examples in the current rural landscape of the mountains of Malaga, whose architectural qualities deserve to be rescued and valued as an example of the unique and representative traditional architecture of a declared cultural landscape. These results are directly linked to the work strategies and objectives that we follow in the Transnational research project SIN-PAR (Inno-vation System for the Heritage of Rural Andalusia)
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Rodrigo-Comino, Jesús, Enric Terol et Artemi Cerdà. « IMPROVED STOCK UNEARTHING METHOD (ISUM) ALLOW TO ASSESS SOIL EROSION PROCESSES IN GRAFTED PLANTS USING IN SITU TOPOGRAPHICAL MEASUREMENTS ». Dans 3rd Congress in Geomatics Engineering. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cigeo2021.2021.13256.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Policymakers, stakeholders and rural inhabitants must be aware of the relevance of soil erosion as an irreversible landdegradation process. This is key to achieve the land degradation neutrality challenge and the sustainability of humankindand natural ecosystems. Agricultural areas are being affected by soil erosion threatening soil quality and, subsequently,food security. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new techniques and methods visually friendly and easy to be accessedto survey and assess the soil erosion concerns. ISUM (Improve Stock Unearthing Method) is a well-contrasted procedureto estimate and map soil mobilisation and erosion rates. To achieve this goal, using the plant graft union as a biomarkerconducting in situ topographical measurements along perpendicular transects allow us to i) explain key factors related tothe activation of soil erosion processes such as tillage, the age of plantation, parent material or hillslope positions; ii)complete other well-contrasted methods such as RUSLE (Revised Soil Loss Equation), IC (Index of connectivity) orStructure from Motion; and, iii) identify hotspot areas affected by soil depletion, accumulation or mobilisation. In thisconference, we will show how we developed a new improvement of this method in different crops (vineyards, citrus,persimmons or almonds), under different environmental conditions (parent material, vine ages, soil management, or slopeangle) with diverse geomatic procedures (interpolation methods and geostatistical analysis, topographical measurementsand models) using GIS techniques.