Thèses sur le sujet « Véhicles industriels »
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Dias, Longhitano Pedro. « Maintenance prescriptive pour la gestion optimale de systèmes soumis à dégradation : application à la prescription conjointe de modes d’utilisation et d’actions de maintenance pour des véhicules industriels ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024GRALT010.
Texte intégralWith digitalization, the internet of things and the popularization of data-centric services, different economy sectors have gone through significant changes in their business model. For the automotive sector in particular, those changes relate to moving towards more service-oriented offers. Selling a vehicle is no longer the last contact with the client, as aftermarket services are responsible for a significant part of vehicle manufacturer's revenue. With that in mind, the main concern of this research project is to lay down the foundations for enabling future services for heavy vehicles.This work stresses the importance of maintenance optimization as well as its relationship with vehicle usage. In the past, maintenance was limited to corrective replacements of faulty parts resulting in long idle periods. This impacted the activity of the transporter, as well as its repair costs. The introduction of monitoring systems along with the current communication techniques allow the development of new optimization methods in which, not only replacement dates are determined optimally but also, vehicle usage is changed accordingly, ensuring cost optimization, and continuously extending trucks remaining useful life. With today's technology, those optimization methods could be turned into services that help clients defining replacement dates, manage logistics to minimize degradation levels of the fleet, or even change vehicle software parameters to minimize the long-term costs.This approach to maintenance, in which life is extend through a myriad of different actions encompassing several aspects of vehicle usage, is often referred to as prescriptive maintenance. Although prescriptive maintenance was from the beginning an important element of this work, its definition is rather controversial in the literature. As a consequence, a conceptual effort is done in this document in order to clarify the scope of this kind of maintenance paradigm. With more precise definitions and a clear scope, prescriptive maintenance is applied in the context of heavy vehicles.Prescriptive maintenance applications for heavy vehicles can be seen as original optimization problems in the realm of transportation science. Throughout the investigation of such methods, significant scientific contributions were made. First and foremost, prescriptive maintenance requires models that can realistically connect degradation and vehicle usage. Such models are hardly adapted for decision-making problems and require adaptation. In this document, such models are studied in detail.Solving those aforementioned optimization problems is a non-trivial task. All of the aforementioned formulations required significant computational effort to be solved exactly. As such, another dimension of this work contribution is the development of algorithms suitable for solving them. Classical methods are adapted taking advantage of particular properties of the models used and heuristics capable of closing the optimization gap in a reasonable time are developed
Boudot, Jean-Pierre. « Modélisation des bruits de freinage des véhicules industriels ». Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ECDL0008.
Texte intégralFacing the customers'requests, manufactures become sensitive to the dynamic design of their products. And moreover the increasing integration of the components induces to consider the optimisation of all elements. Brakes noises, which are prejudicial to the users'acoustic and vibratory comfort, and even sometimes to their safety, belongs to those sensitive phenomena. Heavy trucks judder is an example of a global problem, since the dynamic characteristics of the whole front axle assembly is concerned, even if the source of judder is located in the brake system. This global behaviour is particularly hard since it depends on the geometry of the assembly. That's why the modelling uses a structural phenomenon. The theory, called sprag-slip, is based on dynamic coupling due to buttressing. Such a theory can be implemented on a drum brake or on a disk brake model. These models generate instabilities which are sensitive to the geometrical design of the vehicle. A model representing the whole front axle assembly is built, on the basis of a modal method, combined with sprag-slip. The model is linearized so that a frequential approach is possible, which permits to evaluate the risk of judder versus the design parameters. Theoretical results are compared with some experiments, which show that a stabilisation of the system occurs, due to non-linear effects. With the bond-graph method used here, it is easy to introduce some non-linear effects, and numerical simulations are performed. Finally a theoretical approach takes non-linear effects into account in order to be able to compute, in case of an instability, the magnitude of the stationary cycles, which is a criterion of the instability's seriousness. In the industrial context this work brings me to develop some specific computer tools. They are used now in a practical process to design front axles
Cogoluenhes, Daniel. « Méthode objective d'étude du comportement routier des véhicules industriels ». Lyon, INSA, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ISAL0052.
Texte intégralThe dynamic behavior of road vehicles is a most important part of active vehicle safety. The interaction between the driver, the vehicle and the environment are complex. The objective study of vehicle properties shall be leaded at identical test conditions, without the driver's control. A fully comprehensive analytical formulation of lateral motion equations (e. G. Yaw rate and slip angle) coupled with a detailed description of roll multidegrees-of-freedom models is provided for heavy trucks and multi-articulated, multi-axled heavy vehicles. A simulation's software, based on these equations, was written to aid both the definition of conception's criterions and also the vehicles final development. In parallel, the experimental aspects are described. They include mechanical properties measurements (e. G. Center of gravity height, suspension parameters, tyre behavior) on test rigs, required for the fitting of simulation data. Moreover, they include measurements of handling characteristics and dynamic behavior on test tracks. Finally, correlations are made between test and calculated results
Faverdin, Bruno. « Etude expérimentale et numérique de l'écoulement autour de véhicules industriels ». Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2277.
Texte intégralRoumegoux, J. P. « Contribution à la modélisation de la demande énergétique des véhicules industriels ». Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ECDL0025.
Texte intégralFournier, Sylvain. « Outils pour des Problèmes Industriels de Tournées de Véhicules avec Transbordement ». Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10162.
Texte intégralTransportation companies face gradually larger problems where the use of transshipment can have a significant outcome on the costs. ILOG TPO is a software able to solve such problems, but it is hard for it to take good cross-docking decisions. Moreover, the ILOG TPO solving process is based on local search, and it can be helped for global decisions such as transshipment. This PhD takes place in this context, and its aim is to help ILOG TPO find better solutions. For this matter, a complete formulation is first proposed to solve the smallest instances, and with a cutting-plane technique, optimal solutions are usually found within reasonnable computing time. Then a two-phase algorithm including a network Mixed-Integer Program (MIP) on a network relaxation of the problem is given for larger instances. This two-phase algorithm is a cooperation between the MIP and ILOG TPO, where the MIP gives ILOG TPO, for each shipment, the hub path through which it should be routed. This heuristic finds similar solutions as ILOG TPO alone, but the processing time is significantly reduced
Fournier, Sylvain. « Outils pour des Problèmes Industriels de Tournées de Véhicules avec Transbordement ». Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348731.
Texte intégralBouly, Hermann. « Problèmes de tournées de véhicules sélectives et applications industrielles spécifiques ». Compiègne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008COMP1755.
Texte intégralWe deal with Selective Vehicle Routing Problems : constraints are,so that it is not possible to service all customers and an efficient selection must be made to maximize the objective function. We propose pre-processing methods for this problem. We adapt the Energetic Reasoning to vehicle routing problems and introduce concepts of required customers and of optimal affectations. We also propose two heuristic approaches : an iterative heuristic and a memetic algorithm based on an optimal splitting procedure dedicated to selective problems. These methods are adapted to the case study proposed by Veolia Environnement, Experiments and numerous possible developments on the context of real applications show benefits of this work
Benantar, Abdelaziz. « Optimisation pour des problèmes industriels de tournées de véhicules : vers une transition énergétique ». Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH12.
Texte intégralThe thesis focuses on the study of real road transportation and distribution pro-blems. The question concerns in particular the optimization of two different vehicle routing problems arising in the distribution of petroleum products and the transfer of containers. The first problem, modelled as an application of the multi-compartment vehicle routing problem with time windows (MCVRPTW), is solved by using a tabu search method. The same method is then applied to two other variants. One introduces additional constraints related to loading operations for petroleum products on the compartments, while the other one includes the ad-justment concept in quantities applied for. Moreover, in the context of an energy transition, we addressed the container transfer problem using a fleet of electric trucks in the industrial port zone of Le Havre. The optimization involves two levels : the strategic level for dimensioning electrical infrastructures and the operational level for constructing the vehicle routes. Only the strategic level is tackled with a research project thanks to a coupling of optimization and simulation
Artus, Samuel. « Estimation et pronostic de températures de disques de frein : application aux véhicules industriels ». Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL10159.
Texte intégralActive safety systems are of growing importance in automotive applications, including commercial vehicles. Their development is deeply based on embedded electronic modules. The first objective of this thesis consists in developing a brake disc temperature estimation for commercial heavy vehicles. Trucks manufacturer knowledge limitations impose to consider this problem via a global energetic approach. This approach is applied at the vehicle level to reach a systemic point of view and represent the manufacturer's vision of the system integration. Our algorithms have shown promising results on prototype vehic1es, where tests and demonstration were performed for a European project contribution. The proposed model based approach is also able to address prediction objectives. Thus, this work presents the prediction of commercial heavy vehicle brake disc temperature. Considering temperature estimation, it seems feasible to define the temperature evolution over a near future time window. Required assumptions to achieve the brake disc temperature prediction are discussed in the last part of the thesis
Renault, Sophie. « L'ancrage des fournisseurs sur les sites de production des constructeurs automobiles : gestion de la proximité ». Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN0597.
Texte intégralLi, Yantong. « Modèles et algorithmes pour une classe de problèmes combinés de production et de tournées de véhicules ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLE036/document.
Texte intégralThe production routing problem (PRP) consists of determining an integrated production and distribution planning that aims to optimize overall cost and improve service level. Although the PRP has been attracting academic and practical interests, it has not been well studied in the literature. Food production routing problem (FPRP) that is more complex than the classic PRP due to food perishability, has rarely been studied. This thesis focuses on developing new models and algorithms for the PRP and FPRP.Firstly, a multi-product PRP with outsourcing (MPRPOS) that is a generalization of the classic PRP is addressed. For the problem, a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is proposed and a three-level heuristic is designed. Computational experiments on 225 newly generated MPRPOS instances and 1530 PRP benchmark instances demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed heuristic. Especially, 283 new best solutions for PRP benchmark instances are found by the heuristic.Considering food quality and perishability, and based on the study for the PRP, three new FPRPs are then investigated, i.e., 1) a multi-plant FPRP with packaging consideration (MFPRP); 2) a bi-objective FPRP (BFPRP) that minimizes the total supply chain cost and maximizes food quality simultaneously; and 3) a FPRP with delivery time window constraints (FPRPTW). For each of the studied problems, a MILP model is proposed. Moreover, a hybrid matheuristic that combines a two-phase iterative method, a fix-and-optimize procedure, and a route-based optimization is developed for the MFPRP. For the BFPRP, an epsilon-constraint-based heuristic and a fuzzy logic decision method are proposed to generate near-optimal Pareto solutions and to help decision makers select a preferred solution. And the FPRPTW is directly solved by the state-of-the-art solver CPLEX. A case study shows the proposed model and algorithm for BFPRP can improve food supply chain performance. Computational results on randomly generated instances demonstrate the proposed hybrid matheuristic and epsilon-constraint-based heuristic outperform CPLEX
Kahlat, Said. « Espace social du travail et industrialisation : le cas de la société algérienne de construction mécanique S.O.N.A.C.O.M.E ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985AIX2XXXX.
Texte intégralKhoury, Elias. « Modélisation de la durée de vie résiduelle et maintenance prédictive : application à des véhicules industriels ». Troyes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TROY0027.
Texte intégralMaintenance has become in many fields such as the automotive field, a very important aspect due mostly to its economic dimension. In this context, we are interested in improving maintenance decision making in order to reduce its costs mainly. We focus specifically on the predictive maintenance approach using the residual useful lifetime (RUL) as a tool for decision support. The RUL integrates information about the state of a system and its environment in the past, present and future (prediction). At first, we consider degradation based failure models. We study and develop several models that can describe different behaviours of degradation and failure mechanisms. In particular we consider a case study on engine oil. For these different models, we propose methods to estimate the distribution of the RUL conditionally to the state of the system and its environment. Subsequently, we propose predictive maintenance strategies in several configurations and we show how the RUL can be used in decision making. The conducted studies show the benefit of using the RUL and allow us to quantify the resulting gain depending on the considered case and the way the RUL is used
Djitli, Mohamed-Séghir. « Marketing et économie planifiée : le cas du véhicule industriel en Algérie ». Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D011.
Texte intégralDronniou, Nicolas. « Etude théorique et expérimentale des stratégies de combustion homogène : application aux moteurs Diesel pour véhicules industriels ». Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE2075.
Texte intégralDucomman, Sylvain. « Optimisation de tournées de véhicules par programmation par contraintes : conception et développement d'un solveur industriel ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI009/document.
Texte intégralVehicle routing problems are very hard combinatorial optimization problems with significant economic and environmental challenges. The fundamental problem is to visit a set of customers with a given fleet of vehicles in order to minimize the total distance travelled. Moreover, these problems arise with a wide variety of objectives and additional constraints, related to the legislation and the diversity of industrial sectors. They are very common for many industries and the design of generic solvers has become an important research issue.This thesis focuses on the design and implementation of a new solver for the vehicle routing services offered by the company GEOCONCEPT. The proposed solver is based on constraint programming (CP) to improve flexibility (ability to take additional constraints into account), declarative modelling and maintenance, which are the limits of current GEOCONCEPT solvers based on local search.Firstly, a graph model is established to provide a common representation of the input-data and the numerous business constraints. The resolution is performed using large neighbourhood search methods available in modern CP solvers. It is thus possible to deal with large instances efficiently with a declarative approach where a broad class of vehicle routing problems can be modelled. Secondly, several CP models based on redundant views of the problem are proposed to strengthen the filtering. We focus on the filtering mechanisms for removing infeasible or suboptimal values in the domains of the variables. These algorithms can quickly simplify the problem and derive lower bounds to assert the quality of the solutions found. The lower bounds are obtained by solving relaxations of the most famous problem in Operations Research: the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). This problem is the core of the global constraint WEIGTEHDCIRCUIT for modelling routing problems in CP. We propose new filtering algorithms for this constraint based on three relaxations of the TSP. These relaxations are compared theoretically and experimentally. The originality of this work is to propose a new filtering algorithm for reasoning on the direct successors of a customer as well as his position in the tour. It is particularly useful in the presence of time window constraints, which are very common in industrial problems.The new solver shows excellent performance on academic and industrial problems and can compute informative lower bounds for real-life problems
Guibadj, Rym Nesrine. « Problèmes de tournées de véhicules et application industrielle pour la réduction de l'empreinte écologique ». Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00966428.
Texte intégralHaj, Rachid Mais. « Les problèmes de tournées de véhicules en planification industrielle : classification et comparaison d’opérateurs évolutionnaires ». Besançon, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BESA2033.
Texte intégralSolving vehicle routing problems have been some of the most studied problems in combinatorial optimization because they have many applications in the field of industrial planning. The related literature is diversified both in terms of variants of the problems and in terms of solving approaches. Identifying which class of problems a given real-world problem belongs to, in order to gather related works and determine the most relevant resolution method, is a difficult task. The present thesis constitutes a feasibility study of a project to make these tasks easier, privileging evolutionary solving approaches. This project relies on three essential bases: a notation of the variants of VRP, a compilation of evolutionary operators from the literature, a set of rules linking VRP variants to evolutionary operators according to the efficiency. The objective is to find guidelines to design a solving algorithm according to the characteristics of the problem by identifying the subset of operators showing the greater estimated efficiency. Putting the proposed notation into practice using several papers demonstrated that anyone using this notation can classify accurately papers and can recognize easily approaches and results that are similar to their own. The experimental methodology proposed is illustrated by considering three types of crossover and three types of mutation. This study confirms that is possible to determine which elements of an algorithm have a discernable impact on the performance. It reveals relationships between choices in the design of the algorithm or between the variant of problem and the efficiency of the operators
Boitard, Philippe. « Dynamique des véhicules industriels : modélisation non-linéaire pour l'application à la sécurité active et à l'identification paramétrique ». Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0081.
Texte intégralIn a context of shortening the times of development, it becomes essential for the car manufacturers, to use data-processing simulation like prediction and development tools. In order to study the heavy vehicle handling, a modeling was developed. A mathematical translation of the model was carried out thanks to a program especially developed for this application. This tool is based on symbolic mathematical software called Maple. A data processing environment of simulation was conceived. It uses the modularity of the Matlab / Simulink environment. From an experimental point of view, a parametric identification method is presented. This one is used to parameterise and contribute to the correlation of the models. A comparison between calculation and measurement is carried out on a vehicle of the Renault Midliner type. An example of simulation is presented in the case of a braking in curve and rollover maneuvers
Nguyen, Claudine. « Du véhicule thermique au véhicule électrique : pratiques instrumentées et vécus de l'autonomie modifiée ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0069.
Texte intégralThis research aims to study the electric vehicle range management and to explore the behavior and the lived experience of users of thermal vehicle (TV) and electric vehicle (EV). It has allowed the acquisition of knowledge about the situated use of electric vehicle and associated informational needs. In the first phase of our study, a framework has been established through the study of the thermal vehicle range management. We identified four styles of "range management" on the basis of interviews and quantified using a questionnaire. These styles fit the cognitive-affective relationship and the behavior related to the risk of breakdown: some drivers are worried and anticipate their recharge to control uncertainty and risk, while others does not care and expect to reload much later. Three classes of determinants (individual, artefactual and contextual), influencing the adoption of a proactive or reactive practice, were identified. The second phase of our study was dedicated to the identification of the range management practices through a two weeks EV loan to nine drivers. The results, based on diaries and resituated interviews, highlighted the transfer of range management styles from TV to EV and their influence on risk-taking. The results also revealed the establishment of an almost daily refueling frequency for most drivers, a greater anticipation to control the electric vehicle range, the context in which some problematic routes appear, and sources of emotional comfort and discomfort. The study of artefacts proposed for range management resulted in a typology of instruments: they were classified in prospective, reflective, reflective synthetic and pragmatic instruments. Their roles and appropriation have been specified according to the context of use and styles. The development of “instruments system” by drivers and practical tests allow them to control their autonomy. The study of temporal evolution of practices and experiences showed an evolution of the risks taken with the VE which coincides with range management styles and an overall feeling of control. With both TV and EV, we note that styles may evolve to a lower anticipation with time. The tests and appropriation of instruments contribute to reduce this anticipation. The third phase of our study was based on the experience of the nine drivers who participated individually in sessions of projective creativity, based on two prototypes and allowing the expression of expectations in terms of instruments and services development. Participants expressed more expectations for prospective instruments and the results showed a positive influence of prototypes models for the requirements expressed. These methods and results were finally discussed in terms of theoretical and practical contributions and research opportunities they foreshadow
Aroui, Karim. « Séquencement d’une ligne de montage multi-modèles : application à l’industrie du véhicule industriel ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI029/document.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, the problem of sequencing mixed model assembly lines (MMAL) is considered. Our goal is to determine the sequence of products to minimize the work overload. This problem is known as the mixed model assembly line sequencing problem with work overload minimization (MMSP-W). This work is based on an industrial case study of a truck assembly line.Two approaches can be used to minimize the work overload: the use of task operation times or the respect of sequencing rules. Most of the earlier works applied in car industry use the latter approach. The originality of this work is to employ the task operation times for the generation of the product sequence in a MMAL.The literature review has highlighted two main gaps in previous works: most of the papers consider a single type of operators, and propose heuristics or metaheuristics to solve the problem. The originality of this work is to test exact methods for industrial case instances and to model three different types of operators.Two exact methods are developed: the mixed integer linear programming and dynamic programming. The models are tested on industrial case study instances. An experimental study is developed for both approaches in order to understand the complexity factors.Moreover, the problem is treated by two approximate methods: a heuristic based on dynamic programming and metaheuristics (genetic algorithm, simulated annealing and a hybrid method based on both genetic algorithm and simulated annealing). All approaches are tested on academic instances and on real data from the industrial case study
Nguyen, Claudine. « Du véhicule thermique au véhicule électrique : pratiques instrumentées et vécus de l'autonomie modifiée ». Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENST0069/document.
Texte intégralThis research aims to study the electric vehicle range management and to explore the behavior and the lived experience of users of thermal vehicle (TV) and electric vehicle (EV). It has allowed the acquisition of knowledge about the situated use of electric vehicle and associated informational needs. In the first phase of our study, a framework has been established through the study of the thermal vehicle range management. We identified four styles of "range management" on the basis of interviews and quantified using a questionnaire. These styles fit the cognitive-affective relationship and the behavior related to the risk of breakdown: some drivers are worried and anticipate their recharge to control uncertainty and risk, while others does not care and expect to reload much later. Three classes of determinants (individual, artefactual and contextual), influencing the adoption of a proactive or reactive practice, were identified. The second phase of our study was dedicated to the identification of the range management practices through a two weeks EV loan to nine drivers. The results, based on diaries and resituated interviews, highlighted the transfer of range management styles from TV to EV and their influence on risk-taking. The results also revealed the establishment of an almost daily refueling frequency for most drivers, a greater anticipation to control the electric vehicle range, the context in which some problematic routes appear, and sources of emotional comfort and discomfort. The study of artefacts proposed for range management resulted in a typology of instruments: they were classified in prospective, reflective, reflective synthetic and pragmatic instruments. Their roles and appropriation have been specified according to the context of use and styles. The development of “instruments system” by drivers and practical tests allow them to control their autonomy. The study of temporal evolution of practices and experiences showed an evolution of the risks taken with the VE which coincides with range management styles and an overall feeling of control. With both TV and EV, we note that styles may evolve to a lower anticipation with time. The tests and appropriation of instruments contribute to reduce this anticipation. The third phase of our study was based on the experience of the nine drivers who participated individually in sessions of projective creativity, based on two prototypes and allowing the expression of expectations in terms of instruments and services development. Participants expressed more expectations for prospective instruments and the results showed a positive influence of prototypes models for the requirements expressed. These methods and results were finally discussed in terms of theoretical and practical contributions and research opportunities they foreshadow
Renard, Sylvain. « Validation «Hardware in the loop » de l’architecture de commande embarquée du groupe moto-propulseur hybride pour véhicules industriels ». Lyon, INSA, 2008. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2008ISAL0131/these.pdf.
Texte intégral[The development of vehicles less polluting leads to more complex electronic architectures related to the powertrain, which increases the risk of failure. The main objective of our work is to develop a HIL (Hardware In the Loop) simulation platform in order to verify the electronic system compliance, in charge of a parallel hybrid powertrain management, in relation to its specifications. From verification plans analysis, we have defined a method to build a specification booklet for the HIL platform development; the aim was to define the necessary area and the type of the required modelling to cover the complete verification plan. A special care has been brought in the development of the models of electrical machine, DC/AC converter or gearbox with the help of bond graph language. The efficiency of this method has been proved with the effective achievement of ECU verification plans. . ]
Mrani, Moulay Idriss. « Contribution à l'estimation des paramètres de mouvement d'un mobile à partir de l'analyse d'une séquence d'images : application au pilotage des systèmes industriels ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990AIX30066.
Texte intégralBouvard, Kéomany. « Planification de la maintenance basée sur la dégradation de composants : application à un véhicule industriel ». Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10190.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with the maintenance operation scheduling issues of commercial vehicles. It is a CIFRE collaboration between the Volvo group, LAGIS and LM2S laboratories. The aim is to suggest a maintenance scheduling service adapted to the vehicle with an optimized maintenance cost.The vehicle is considered as a multi-component system. For each component, the optimal maintenance dates are computed using a maintenance cost function. This cost function depends on the preventive cost, the corrective cost and possibly the inspection cost, and also on the component failure probability function. In our system, two types of components are defined according to the available component state information : age or degradation level. The failure probability function is fixed a priori for the first component class while it is updated at each inspection for deteriorating and monitored components.The maintenance operations are grouped on a rolling horizon. Some operations must be shifted from their optimal maintenance dates, which implies a penalty cost. The maintenance scheduling depends on the set-up cost, the penalty cost of each operation, and a minimal time interval between two maintenance groups which represents the preparation time. The set-up costs depend on the number of maintenance stops. The saving cost is computed from the difference between the maintenance cost with individual operations and the maintenance cost with the defined operation groups. The developed algorithm provides the optimal maintenance planning according to the available degradation data and the operational constraints. Maintenance scheduling is updated at the next inspection date
Fotius, Pascale. « Gestion cognitive des informations et apprentissage en situation de travail : le cas des opérateurs-monteurs de l'entreprise Renault Véhicules Industriels ». Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOL018.
Texte intégralIn order to adapt to the evolution of the economic market, linked on the one hand to fluctuations in production demand and on the otherhand to quality requirements (ISO standards), Renault VI orientated it's thoughts to the presentation of information and it's treatment by the operator at his work station. The approach aimed to implement information support measures adapted to the activity, with a view to achieving the same production conditions as the experts : to supply a quality product within the time limit allocated. The proposed system had to present the necessary characteristics for it's integration with the ISO 9002 certification process, in other words, to participate in the identification and formalisation of the elements necessary to define and obtain the quality process. In a psycho-linguistic perspective of collective communication, we have analysed the strategies developed by the operator assembly-workers to adapt themselves and regulate their activity. We then studied the effect of working practices linked to expertise, on a second time around learning work situation, corresponding to changes in the speed of production. Our proposals for modifications to the work stations allowed an acceleration of the learning process by reducing the treatment of information concerning the choice and the taking-up of pieces. The results of the experiments conducted with the "novice" operators show their value, not only in terms of time saved but also through improved quality
Chaligné, Sébastien. « Contrôle du sillage d'un corps non profilé : application expérimentale à une maquette simplifiée de véhicule industriel ». Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995837.
Texte intégralCintas, Caroline. « Approche du paradoxe individualisation des rémunérations et coopération dans les ateliers : une étude de cas multi-sites chez Renault véhicules industriels ». Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON10081.
Texte intégralKekatos, Nikolaos. « Vérification formelle des systèmes cyber-physiques dans le processus industriel de la conception basée sur modèle ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM081/document.
Texte intégralCyber-Physical Systems form a class of complex, large-scale systems of frequently safety-critical nature in various industrial applications. Formal verification approaches can provide performance and safety guarantees for these systems. They require three elements: a formal model, a formal verification method, and a set of formal specifications. However, industrial models are typically non-formal, they are analyzed in non-formal simulation environments, and their specifications are described in non-formal natural language. In this thesis, we aim to facilitate the integration of formal verification into the industrial model-based design process.Our first key contribution is a model transformation methodology. Starting with a standard simulation model, we transform it into an equivalent verification model, particularly a network of hybrid automata. The transformation process addresses differences in syntax, semantics, and other aspects of modeling. For this class of formal models, so-called reachability algorithms can be applied to verify safety properties. An obstacle is that scalable algorithms exist for piecewise affine (PWA) models, but not for nonlinear ones. To obtain PWA over-approximations of nonlinear dynamics, we propose a compositional syntactic hybridization technique. The result is a highly compact model that retains the modular structure of the original simulation model and largely avoids an explosion in the number of partitions.The second key contribution is an approach to encode rich formal specifications so that they can be interpreted by tools for reachability. Herein, we consider specifications expressed by pattern templates since they are close to natural language and can be easily understood by non-expert users. We provide (i) formal definitions for select patterns that respect the semantics of hybrid automata, and (ii) monitors which encode the properties as the reachability of an error state. By composing these monitors with the formal model under study, the properties can be checked by off-the-shelf fully automated verification tools.Furthermore, we provide a semi-automated toolchain and present results from case studies conducted in collaboration with industrial partners
Nouari, Tayeb. « La restructuration organique des sociétés nationales algériennes : le cas de la Sonacome ». Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR1D320.
Texte intégralLeduc, Bruno, et Bruno Leduc. « Méthode d'évaluation d'assemblages industriels en aluminium liés par adhésifs structuraux ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25341.
Texte intégralCe mémoire entame le développement d’une méthode d’évaluation d’assemblages en aluminium liée par adhésifs structuraux dans un contexte d’ingénierie du secteur industriel. Les travaux ont pour but de fournir à l’entreprise Services Précicad inc. des outils de conception applicables sur le véhicule électrique Kargo. Plus spécifiquement, des séries d’essais expérimentaux sont réalisées sur des échantillons ASTM au moyen de plans d’expériences employant la méthode Taguchi pour étudier l’incidence des conditions de préparation manufacturière sur la résistance mécanique et pour faire un dépistage de produits commerciaux. La famille des méthacrylates est alors privilégiée pour répondre aux besoins de flexibilité d’utilisation et de préparation de surface. Ensuite, différents modèles de calculs analytiques sont étudiés et une analyse paramétrique est réalisée sur le joint en cisaillement à simple recouvrement (SLS). Le modèle du joint sandwich simplifié de Bigwood et Crocombe est choisi comme outil de calculs de prédimensionnement de joints génériques, cependant une bonne connaissance des conditions limites est nécessaire. L’approche de simulation par la méthode des éléments finis en mécanique des milieux continus est alors recommandée. D’importantes difficultés de convergence des résultats des contraintes sont identifiées avec cette théorie, entre autres par la présence de singularités numériques aux interfaces du volume de l’adhésif. Des techniques de modélisation simplifiées, utilisant les outils du logiciel NX Nastran, sont ensuite testées et l’outil Surface-Gluing est alors proposé pour permettre la simulation de joints qui reflètent les caractéristiques de modélisation « industrielles » de Précicad. Finalement, une méthode de mesure des propriétés élastiques in situ pour adhésifs flexibles, compensée au moyen d’analyses par éléments finis, est développée afin de pouvoir réaliser une caractérisation avec un extensomètre conventionnel, tout en préservant la précision souhaitée. Ainsi, il a été possible d’isoler les modules de cisaillement et de tension de l’adhésif H8000.
This thesis initiates the development of a structural assessment method for aluminium adhesively bonded joints, intended for the industrial engineering businesses sector. The present work is devoted to the company Services Précicad inc, who needs design tools that can be used for its Kargo electric vehicle assemblies. In particular, the Taguchi design of experiment method is used to study the effects of joint conditioning on the static strength of different ASTM samples configurations. Commercially available products are screened out during the process. Thus, methacrylates is found to be the best adhesive chemical category for Précicad design and manufacturing needs. Subsequently, a review of different analytical models is carried and the Bigwood & Crocombe sandwich model is selected to perform a parametric analysis on the Single Lap Shear joint (SLS). The simplified version of the sandwich model was found to be the best suited for pre-sizing generic forms of adhesive joints, although a good knowledge of the boundary conditions is mandatory to make a realistic assessment. Consequently, the standard continuum mechanics finite element method is recommended for most joints analysis. However, major convergence difficulties can be found when using this theory, partly due to the presence of numerical singularities in the adhesive domain. Several simplefied modelling techniques using NX Nastran are tested on the SLS joint and the Surface-Gluing tool is proposed for evaluating complex “industrial” meshes such as the ones used by Precicad. Finally, a method for measuring in situ elastic properties of flexible adhesives with finite element analysis compensation is developed for achieving a complete characterization with a conventional clip gauge. Thus, it has been possible to measure the shear and tensile modulus of the H8000 adhesive.
This thesis initiates the development of a structural assessment method for aluminium adhesively bonded joints, intended for the industrial engineering businesses sector. The present work is devoted to the company Services Précicad inc, who needs design tools that can be used for its Kargo electric vehicle assemblies. In particular, the Taguchi design of experiment method is used to study the effects of joint conditioning on the static strength of different ASTM samples configurations. Commercially available products are screened out during the process. Thus, methacrylates is found to be the best adhesive chemical category for Précicad design and manufacturing needs. Subsequently, a review of different analytical models is carried and the Bigwood & Crocombe sandwich model is selected to perform a parametric analysis on the Single Lap Shear joint (SLS). The simplified version of the sandwich model was found to be the best suited for pre-sizing generic forms of adhesive joints, although a good knowledge of the boundary conditions is mandatory to make a realistic assessment. Consequently, the standard continuum mechanics finite element method is recommended for most joints analysis. However, major convergence difficulties can be found when using this theory, partly due to the presence of numerical singularities in the adhesive domain. Several simplefied modelling techniques using NX Nastran are tested on the SLS joint and the Surface-Gluing tool is proposed for evaluating complex “industrial” meshes such as the ones used by Precicad. Finally, a method for measuring in situ elastic properties of flexible adhesives with finite element analysis compensation is developed for achieving a complete characterization with a conventional clip gauge. Thus, it has been possible to measure the shear and tensile modulus of the H8000 adhesive.
El, Heit Sonia. « Méthodologie de veille-prospective concertative appliquée aux déchets industriels banals : quelle place pour la demande sociale ? : une application aux véhicules hors d'usage ». Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004VERS006S.
Texte intégralNon hazardous industrial wastes are a difficult reality to manage : they disturb. In order to manage these difficulties, (horizontal and vertical) environmental regulations have gradually been created. The problem is that the actual situation of “waste” regulation cannot be strictly applied. The increasing number of legal rules favoured creation of a nexus which is difficult to understand. Solutions in waste treatment already exist and can offer numerous opportunities of management. Unfortunately, deep disagreements appear between actors, each trying to minimise the cost of treatment, putting the blame on the other. This situation is the consequence of a weakness in the waste definition: according to the considered approach, the definition seems to favour such actor or such factor. Finally, the recurrent element to theses disagreements lies on the conception of waste. In appearance, these definitions have nothing to share. Nevertheless, a deep analysis shows the need for a common denominator: this is the social demand. The former has reached to shape each approach of waste(historic, economic, environmental and legal)
Van, Box Som Annick. « Des sciences humaines aux sciences de l’ingénieur : comportements humains, activités finalisées et conception de systèmes d’assistance à la conduite de véhicules industriels ». Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20105/document.
Texte intégralDriving a truck is a complex professional activity that takes place in a dynamic and constant changing environment. It needs a specific learning and it is set in a strict regulated framework including French labour code (Code du travail) as road regulation. Strong spatio-temporal pressure should be added to those characteristics. These constraints entail to drivers the use of operative strategies to achieve the main objective of their activity: respect of delivery time in optimal conditions of safety, security and productivity.This thesis deals with the contribution of cognitive psychology to the design of driving assistance systems for trucks. Works are intended to integrate, from the design of new systems, the demands of human cognitive functioning in real situation and the needs and expectations of drivers so that adapted and usable technological solutions could be proposed to them.Applied part shows two major dimensions of truck driving activity: productivity through the issue of the eco-driving assistance (“Conduite Economique Assistée, ADEME- RENAULT TRUCKS” project) and safety through the issue of the assistance to detection and protection of vulnerable road users (“VIVRE2, ANR-PREDIT05-LUTB” project).From a scientific point of view, the thesis ends with a proposal of a model of human functioning in finalized activities, of which is added an adapted model of the truck driving activity. The analysis performed in real environment enhance knowledge, on the one hand, on the applied driving strategies to the eco-driving of a truck in extra-urban environment and, on the other hand, on the components of the activity of drivers doing deliveries in urban environment. Moreover, works performed in VIVRE2 project allowed to specify representations and risky behaviours of vulnerable users with relation to trucks in town.From an applicative and ergonomic point of view, works on driving dynamic simulator allowed the evaluation of an innovative man-machine interface which could be adapted to eco-driving and the proposal as well as the evaluation of assistance systems to guarantee safety of vulnerable users during low speed manoeuvres in urban environment
Duyme, Valérie. « Récuperation énergétique à l’échappement d'un moteur de véhicule industriel par une turbine a gaz entraînant les auxiliaires ». Lyon, INSA, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ISAL0018.
Texte intégralMarciano, Abraham. « Méthodes d'Analyse et de Recalage d'images radiographiques de fret et de Véhicules ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED040/document.
Texte intégralOur societies, faced with an unprecedented level of security threat since WWII, must provide fast and adaptable solutions to cope with a new kind of menace. Illicit trade also, oftencorrelated with criminal actions, is viewed as a defining stake by governments and agencies. Enforcement authorities are thus very demandingin terms of technological features, asthey explicitly aim at automating inspection processes. The main objective of our research is to develop assisting tools to detect weapons and narcotics for lawenforcement officers. In the present work, we intend to employ and customize both advanced classification and image registration techniques for irregularity detection in X-ray cargo screening scans. Rather than employing machine-learning recognition techniques, our methods prove to be very efficient while targeting a very diverse type of threats from which no specific features can be extracted. Moreover, the proposed techniques significantly enhance the detection capabilities for law-enforcement officers, particularly in dense regions where both humans or trained learning models would probably fail. Our work reviews state-of-the art methods in terms of classification and image registration. Various numerical solutions are also explored. The proposed algorithms are tested on a very large number ofimages, showing their necessity and performances both visually and numerically
Boutevin, Corinne. « Problèmes d'ordonnancement et d'affectation avec contraintes de ressources de type RCPSP et line balancing ». Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003CLF21464.
Texte intégralCarlési, Nicolas. « Coopération entre véhicules sous-marins autonomes : une approche organisationnelle réactive multi-agent ». Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20092.
Texte intégralUnderwater marine applications are nowadays branching into various fields covering larger and deeper zones. Performing the required tasks with the aid of AUV flotillas is a real challenge. However, the advantages of using such a new technology are numerous. Firstly, this would highly reduce the cost of the mission thanks to the distribution of this former among the various AUV: the loss of one AUV or its bad functioning will not degrade the performance of the flotilla in general. Secondly, the use of a flotilla reduces the execution time of a mission given the parallelization of certain tasks. Finally, any mission can be accomplished by the flotilla by taking into consideration the specificity of each AUV. In fact, each of these vehicles holds different characteristics rendering the global architecture heterogeneous and therefore applicable in different contexts. However, the methods concerned with multi-AUV cooperation are hindered by two main limitations: (1) the number of communications induced and (2) the management of the heterogeneity in the flotilla.The proposed approach aims at responding to these challenges. The principal idea is to combine this reactive cooperational approach with an organizational one. The reactive cooperational approach allows the exchange of simple communication signals. However, it does not help in solving the problems of cooperation that are very constrained and that mainly concern the spatial coordination of homogeneous vehicles. The first contribution in this thesis is the extension of the satisfaction-altruism approach. A new reactive decisional mechanism capable of considering the cooperative actions of various natures is proposed. The second contribution consists in specifying the context of reactive interactions based on an organizational approach. The organizational model Agent/Group/Role is used in order to have an explicit representation of the flotilla. The concepts of "group" and especially "role" are used in the attribution of the communication signals allowing the accomplishment of heterogeneous interactions with a big modularity. A new concept is therefore born and is integrated in a new software architecture called REMORA intended to equip autonomous underwater vehicles. This proposed new method has been validated through various numerical simulations in different scenarios putting at stake heterogeneous AUV
Larrue, Philippe. « La coordination des activités de recherche et d'innovation dans les phases d'emergence : les cas des batteries pour véhicules électriques et hybrides ». Bordeaux 4, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR40025.
Texte intégralLesobre, Romain. « Modélisation et optimisation de la maintenance et de la surveillance des systèmes multi-composants - Applications à la maintenance et à la conception de véhicules industriels ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAT022/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis research work focuses on the maintenance operations scheduling and the development of a design methodology for maintenance. The aim is to suggest a customized maintenance service offer for each vehicle and able to adapt to user constraints. In the transport industry, these constraints are defined by a limited number of maintenance opportunities and vehicle unplanned stops with significant financial consequences. This service offer should enable both to improve the vehicle uptime and to reduce the maintenance impact on operating costs. In this framework, the developed maintenance policy ensures, with a given risk probability, maintenance free operating periods for a multi-component system. During these periods, the system should be able to carry out all its assigned missions without maintenance actions and system fault. And the end of each period, the considered policy evaluates if a maintenance action is required to ensure maintenance-free and fault-free operation on the next period with a specified confidence level. When a maintenance action is mandatory, decision criteria considering the maintenance costs and the maintenance efficiency are used to select the operations to be performed. This form of dynamic clustering, called time-driven clustering, integrates both the component reliability models, the system structure and the available monitoring information. In our case, the monitoring information refers to the component state information and information on the component operating conditions. The process flexibility makes possible to make a maintenance decision in using different information levels for system components. The policy parameters, namely the period length and the confidence level value, are optimized based on the total maintenance cost. This cost, evaluated on a finite horizon, is composed of directs costs related to maintenance operations and indirect costs generated by system immobilizations. In order to reach a significant operating costs reduction, the maintenance policy optimization alone is not sufficient. It is essential to have a broader approach to involve the system and its maintenance since the conception. In this context, the developed design methodology suggests to prioritize the components impact on the operating costs. This prioritization is performed thanks to a defined importance factor. Then, multiple design options are evaluated by simulation in priority component. The selected options lead to reduce the operating costs. This work contains simulation results that illustrate the methods mentioned above. Moreover, a heavy vehicle sub-system is used as a test-case
Jeanjean, Antoine. « Recherche locale pour l'optimisation en variables mixtes : méthodologie et applications industrielles ». Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/67/01/47/PDF/these_antoine_jeanjean_bouygues_elab_lix.pdf.
Texte intégralLarge mixed-variable optimization problems are often solved by decomposition, with some drawbacks : di culties to guarantee quality or even feasible solutions and technical complexity of development projects. In this thesis, we propose a direct approach, using local search, for solving mixed-variable optimization problems. Our methodology focuses on two points : a large pool of varied moves and an incremental evaluation based on approximate but highly e cient algorithms, working on combinatorial and continuous dimensions simultaneously. First, we present a formwork stocks optimization problem on construction sites. Then, we rely on this methodology to optimize earthworks scheduling for highway and railway projects. Finally, we solve a vehicle routing problem with inventory management. Inventory routing refers to the optimization of transportation costs for the replenishment of customers' inventories : based on consumption forecasts, the vendor organizes delivery routes
Chemineau, Léonard. « Développement d'une méthode d'éco-conception basée sur la modélisation et l'évaluation des filières de valorisation : application au secteur automobile ». Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENAMA012.
Texte intégralCar design is increasingly constrained by environmental and economic issues and regulation. For manufacturers, the 2000/53/CE and 2005/64/CE European directives impose vehicle effective recovery, as well as recoverability rates for new cars, and proof that recovery is performed with reliable technologies. Moreover, motor vehicles are effectively treated more than 13 years after a potential eco-design decision. Existing and prospective path knowledge is then obviously very important to make the right design choices. This paper proposes a new modelling method based on paths technical and economic reliability, treatment cost and final products value conservation assessment, capable of providing designers with eco-design generic advices, and integrated recoverability assessment tool, without recovery expert knowledge. The basic modelling object is the 'Flow', assessed according to technical and economic parameters. The proposed method enables flow linking through paths and trees, and makes it possible to produce eco-design specifications. Case studies are performed on automotive parts, and four possible eco-design approaches are studied. The proposed method could also be applied outside of the automotive world
Jeanjean, Antoine. « Recherche locale pour l'optimisation en variables mixtes : méthodologie et applications industrielles ». Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00670147.
Texte intégralRobert, Elodie. « Gestion de l'état de santé de véhicules pour la maintenance de flotte : prise en compte des contraintes opérationnelles et optimisation conjointe des maintenances et des missions ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT098.
Texte intégralThis thesis work deals with the problems of joint scheduling for maintenance operations and missions for industrial vehicle fleets. The aim is to develop a methodology to adapt the joint scheduling of maintenance and missions according to the vehicles health state but also according to the missions features. These features correspond to the conditions of usage severity that have a significant impact on the truck deterioration and must be taken into account to adapt at best the maintenance operations schedule according to the deterioration evolution. The implementation of a decision support methodology to manage a fleet would improve productivity and reduce the maintenance costs while making the most of the fleet capacity. However, the joint scheduling problem for a fleet is a complex problem to solve and three main dimensions has to be considered. The first one is to jointly schedule missions and maintenance operations in a static case. The second one is to integrate the available monitoring information and the different events that can occur to update the schedule and treat the problem in a dynamic way. The third dimension is the fleet dimension that involves managing several vehicles in parallel.The first step is to jointly schedule the maintenance activity and the missions for a truck in a static case. It is assumed that all the missions to be performed are known and that no monitoring information is available. To do this, a vehicle deterioration model is defined to estimate its remaining useful lifetime to make decisions. It is a model with varying parameters since the vehicle operates under different conditions of usage severity according to the missions. It is the central point for setting up a scheduling algorithm to avoid any excessive risk of failure. The scheduling process is naturally optimized according to a criterion based on either the maintenance costs or the operating incomes.Once this methodology has been defined, it must be completed to include information on the vehicle deterioration, failure occurrences and new missions that may be requested. A dynamic approach has then been developed to solve the scheduling problem for a vehicle. If a breakdown occurs, the schedule must be updated because it is no longer adapted to the evolution of the current vehicle deterioration. Likewise, when a new mission is available, an update is essential because the priority order of the missions, defined by their deadlines, must be considered as soon as possible to avoid delay penalties. On the other hand, deterioration information can have a varying influence on the current schedule. Then, the schedule robustness has to be studied to avoid changing the mission order and the maintenance dates too often.The last step is to integrate the fleet dimension in the decision-making process. It is no longer just a question of mission order and timing for maintenance operations, but also of deciding which vehicle is assigned to which mission. The decision-making process then depends on the whole fleet. An analysis of the impact of considering the fleet dimension in the static case and then in the dynamic case is led.Simulation results are used to illustrate the developed methods and aim at showing their interest and the cost savings they generate
Schmid, Alexis. « Valorisation des véhicules hors d’usage (VHU) : Comparaison multicritère de scénarios de démantèlement par une étude expérimentale menée sur un site industriel de déconstruction / broyage ». Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAL0060.
Texte intégralTo identify keys for improving the recovery rates of ELVs in sustainable socio-economic and environmental conditions, experimental campaigns of dismantling and shredding were performed to compare different scenarios of deconstruction on an industrial plant (Acyclea, Praxy group). This is a focus on the EU Directive on ELVs which sets the ambitious goal of achieving no later than 1 January 2015 a minimum recycling rate of 95% by weight of ELVs, including a maximum of 10% for energy recovery. The experimental campaigns were carried out each treated sample of at least 90 ELVs, whose mass and age means were evaluated at 989 kg / ELV and 14 years respectively. The masses and compositions of matter flows were measured to determine the impact of the level of dismantling vehicles. Other parameters were also monitored, such as labor time on the various operations and analysis of potential emissions in the environment. The results show that the recovery rates increase with the level of deconstruction of vehicles, from 81.6 + / - 3.4% of the mass of ELVs for the standard scenario to 86.0 + / - 0.6% for the scenario the more extensive. However, the objectives of the Directive have not been achieved even with the more extensive scenario further. A comprehensive assessment methodology adapted to the system "dismantling / shredding / sorting of ELV" was established. It is based on nine indicators to measure performance in terms of sustainable development issues and a more specific indicator that assesses the technical performance of the sector. The results were analyzed indicator by indicator, and a comprehensive multi-criteria analysis was performed using the method ELECTRE II. They show that the middle scenario of deconstruction is optimal vis-à-vis all the selected criteria
Bensedik, Aissa. « Influence de gratifiants dans la prédiction de la performance et de la satisfaction à partir des expectations actuelles : le cas du complexe de véhicules industriels d'Alger ». Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100025.
Texte intégralThe object of the present research was to test the relationship between motivation measured by the combinaison of three variables : 1- valence : which represent the attachment to the outcomes. 2- instrumentality : it's the probability subjective to obtain the outcome when he realize a good level of performance. 3- l'expectation : it refer to the probability subjective to realize a good performance when he pledge one's effort. And the performance and satisfaction. These three variables (valence, instrumentality, expectation) are combined a a multiplicative or additive way to give a scorewhich represent a level of motivation or effort that the worker will engage in the future. The results obtained here are interesting, but they failed to confirme the first important hypothesis on which was built the model of motivation at work developed by Vroom (1964) and tested and confirmed in many researchs (porter and lawler 1868, lawler 1973, orpen 1975)
Estève, Bruno. « Définition en vue d'une intégration dans le processus de conception des éléments qualifiant et quantifiant la visibilité d'un véhicule automobile ». Paris, ENSAM, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENAM0036.
Texte intégralTufano, Anna Rita. « Vibroacoustic coupling phenomena on heavy vehicles.Medium frequency experimental analysis and numerical applications for design specifications ». Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEC052.
Texte intégralThe vibroacoustic performance is a matter of primary concern for modern vehicle manufacturers, that are constrained by health and safety legislation as well as by commercial needs: on the one hand, a number of norms exists regulating the level of vibration and noise that vehicle occupants can tolerate, but on the other hand a manufacturer is also interested in guaranteeing a high level of comfort in order to keep products competitive. The commercial vehicle industry presents some peculiarity with respect to other vehicle manufacturing businesses, and especially to the more known car industry: not only the architecture of a commercial vehicle is a class of its own, but what differentiates the most trucks from other ground vehicles are the configuration diversity and customization. A deep knowledge of the vibration and noise transmission mechanisms in trucks as well as source breakdown allows defining more rigorous and strict component specifications. Furthermore, the comprehension of the sensitivity of truck architecture parameters on vibroacoustic features provides even deeper means to assess the needed properties for a component to be installed on a vehicle. At present the verification is largely based on tests, both subjective (assessment by experimented test engineers) and objective (microphone and accelerometer acquisitions). This practice is extremely expensive, since, in order to take into account the large diversity of trucks, a large number of vehicles has to be tested. To overcome this limit, virtual testing - as opposed to physical testing - should be strengthened. Numerical methods are already largely used in the Volvo Group, but the available tools are considered partly unfit to the NVH demands and inappropriate with respect to their specific needs. The activities of the current thesis have been developed in the framework of the Interior Noise and Driveline Vibration group, which is responsible for the estimation of the acoustic comfort perceived by driver and passengers in all driving conditions and vehicle uses. This thesis will focus on the behaviour of the chassis as a primary component. The chassis is the main transfer path for engine-induced vibrations transmitted to the cabin. Besides, a peculiar attention will be given to the effect the chassis equipment components have on the chassis dynamics, even though limited interest will be put on the investigation of the dynamic signature of the equipment itself
Musset, Roland. « Contribution à la modélisation et à la commande d'un processus électrohydraulique : application à un essieu directionnel ». Nancy 1, 2001. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2001_0176_MUSSET.pdf.
Texte intégralSaidani, Michael. « Monitoring and advancing the circular economy transition : Circularity indicators and tools applied to the heavy vehicle industry ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC071/document.
Texte intégralImplementing circular economy practices is increasingly acknowledged as a convenient solution to meet the goals of sustainable development. Meanwhile, there is at present no recognized way of measuring how effectively a region or a company is in making the transition to a circular economy, nor holistic monitoring tools for supporting such a process. New methods and tools are required to support industrial practitioners in their transition towards more circular practices, as well as to monitor the effects of circular economy adoption. In absence of regulations addressing the end-of-life management of their fleet, the heavy vehicles industry is both a challenging and promising industrial sector – of huge economic and environmental importance, but barely addressed from a research perspective – that needs to be boosted in its move to a more circular economy. An in-depth preliminary study reveals indeed huge potential to develop circular strategies and solutions in the heavy vehicles sector. This research explores the improvement potential for closing industrial material and components loops.On this basis, the objectives of the present Ph.D. thesis are: to provide an integrated and comprehensive framework to measure, improve and monitor the circularity performance of complex industrial systems; to identify the best mechanisms and action levers to close the loop on heavy vehicles and associated key components - providing thus decision-making support for the end-of-life management of heavy vehicles. At the intersection of design engineering and industrial ecology, this Ph.D thesis - by articles - aims to provide new meaningful insights both for academics and industrial practitioners. In fact, for each chapter, academic publications and industrial deliverables are given, illustrating and disseminating both theoretical contributions and practical implications. For instance, it includes: a proposed taxonomy of circularity indicators and its associated selection tool; an experimentation and critical analysis of several circularity indicators on a heavy vehicle’s key component; the design of a multi-tool methodology to model, simulate and quantify the impact of potential circular strategies; an industrial pilot study on an end-of-life heavy vehicle, dealing with the techno-economic and environmental analysis of possible recovery options