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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Urban policy – Poland »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Urban policy – Poland"

Wołek, Marcin. « Sustainable mobility planning in Poland ». Transport Economics and Logistics 76 (4 décembre 2018) : 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/etil.2018.76.01.

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For some time, sustainable urban mobility planning has been in the centre of attention of various cities and municipalities in Poland. Its substance involves integrating the urban transport and spatial policy. While the transport policy is well established in the functioning of Polish cities, its impact on their spatial sphere regarding balancing the mobility is extremely insufficient. The situation is even more difficult in metropolitan areas combining various territorial, functional and spatial subsystems. The article presents the idea and scope of sustainable urban mobility planning, the process of making the mobility in the Polish cities more sustainable, review of strategic documents on the national level referring to the said issue and the process of space metropolization as a challenge for developing mobility in a sustainable manner.

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Lityński, Piotr, et Artur Hołuj. « Urban Sprawl Risk Delimitation : The Concept for Spatial Planning Policy in Poland ». Sustainability 12, n^o 7 (26 mars 2020) : 2637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072637.

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Urban sprawl is a process shaping the space of contemporary urban areas. The costs generated by this phenomenon force central and local authorities to adopt and implement a spatial policy limiting those costs. However, there is no method in Polish spatial policy that determines the extent of this phenomenon around cities, and thus identifies the area of intervention. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to propose a method of delimitation of urban areas at risk of urban sprawl. The proposed method of delimitation honors the characteristics of urban sprawl relating to spatial structure, socio-economic processes and efficiency of spatial policy. The method can be useful for conducting spatial policy aimed at reducing costs due to urban sprawl. It particularly pertains to the policy implemented at the central and regional level. Research results indicate that, in most Polish urban areas, delimitations used thus far designate too little of the area around core cities. Although the goals of reducing the negative consequences of urban sprawl are formulated at the level of national spatial policy, the methods of delimitation used thus far do not take into account the specificity of this phenomenon. Underestimating the extent of urban sprawl results in a lack of effectiveness of spatial policy due to the omission of specific areas in public intervention. This particularity is related to the fact that these are usually external areas—the most distant from the core city. These areas have the highest costs for urban sprawl. At the same time, these are areas in the early stages of spatial growth, in which a consistent spatial structure can still be kept while implementing proper spatial policy.

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Idczak, Piotr, et Ida Musiałkowska. « Urban Regeneration as a Specific Type of Public Policy Response to Urban Decline. The Case of Poland ». Open Political Science 4, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2021) : 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/openps-2021-0019.

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Abstract The paper examines the issue of whether the process of policy formulation and implementation on urban regeneration in Poland is done pursuant to the rules of a cycle of public policy-making. This is carried out through the use of the functioning cycle of public policy in Poland proposed by Zybała (2015) that stresses the specificities of Polish conditions in the public policy-making. Hence, the aim of the study is to provide an overview of public policy-making on urban regeneration in the context of legislative and institutional-administrative practices. In the light of increasingly complex challenges faced by cities, there is a need for the necessary counter-balancing regeneration measures taking a form of state sponsored public policy. Therefore, the Act on Regeneration was adopted in 2015. The paper concludes that the adoption of this Act was dominated by the legislator which, with relatively little contribution from other stakeholders, resulted in a rather unambitious set of legal provisions on regeneration that have not substantially changed the instrumental approach of local authorities to urban regeneration.

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Aleksandra, Jadach-Sepioło, et Wojciech Jarczewski. « Housing Policy as a Part of Urban Regeneration Policy — The Case of Poland ». Journal of Business and Economics 6, n^o 2 (20 février 2015) : 381–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.06.2015/016.

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Felis, Paweł, Henryk Rosłaniec et Joanna Szlęzak-Matusewicz. « PROPERTY TAX POLICY OF RURAL AND URBAN-RURAL MUNICIPALITIES IN POLAND ». Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Oeconomia 18, n^o 4 (30 décembre 2019) : 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/aspe.2019.18.4.42.

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The article presents research on the local property tax policy of rural and urban-rural municipalities in Poland. Various methods were used to investigate the data interdependencies of mathematical statistics (Pearson’s correlation test, Spearman’s correlation test and Pearson’s independence test). For direct data and coefficients, Pearson’s classic correlation was used. With regard to the processed, dichotomic and enumerated data (including the contingency tables), Spearman’s rank correlation was used. The study showed that the tax policy of the analysed municipalities was differentiated and could, under certain conditions, give rise to a positive upward tendency of incomes generated in property tax – which should be seen as an original contribution of work from the authors of this article.

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Kaczmarek, Tomasz. « Functional Urban Areas as the Focus of Development Policy in Poland ». Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna, n^o 29 (20 mars 2015) : 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rrpr.2015.29.02.

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Lityński, Piotr, et Artur Hołuj. « Macroeconomic Perspective on Urban Sprawl : A Multidimensional Approach in Poland ». Land 10, n^o 2 (26 janvier 2021) : 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10020116.

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There are important relationships between the urban sprawl process and economic growth. They are usually expressed through spatial relations and changes taking place in the local, regional and national economy. The temporal and spatial dimension, including dispersed location, are the determinants of development and economic growth. Therefore, the urban sprawl phenomenon and the related location, hypothetically conditioning economic growth, should be subject to macroeconomic research. The article examines how urban sprawl affects the national budget and national economic growth. Unlike many studies where urban sprawl is studied by scattering the population around cities, we undertake more complex examination using buildings’ location. Urban sprawl, as we understand it, is a spontaneous spread of buildings around cities. To assess the spontaneity, we use a grid of squares with a side of 500 m. The squares are used to calculate the morphological indicators of urban sprawl. Therefore, quantified urban sprawl is one side of the equation; on the other side are macroeconomic variables. In this way, we examine the relationship between urban sprawl and the national budget and economic growth of Poland. The conclusions obtained are, e.g., urban sprawl does not have a negative effect on the national economy and the budget. This is a different conclusion from those thus far. There are also different conclusions on the regional level. Based on the research results, we formulate recommendations for national economic policy and spatial policy.

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Runge, Anna, Jerzy Runge, Iwona Kantor-Pietraga et Robert Krzysztofik. « Does urban shrinkage require urban policy ? The case of a post-industrial region in Poland ». Regional Studies, Regional Science 7, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2020) : 476–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21681376.2020.1831947.

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Śmiechowski, Kamil. « How to govern the city ? Polish debates about urban policy during the First World War ». Przegląd Nauk Historycznych 20, n^o 2 (30 décembre 2021) : 49–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1644-857x.20.02.03.

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The subject of the article are Polish debates on urban policy during the First World War. This four-year period of time was, on the one hand, a huge economic and humanitarian crisis in the cities of the Kingdom of Poland. On the other hand, society achieved the possibility of self-organization through the organization of civic committees, but later also by taking part in municipal elections to councils established in the areas occupied by Central Powers and political campaigns in Warsaw or Łódź – two biggest and the most important cities in the Kingdom of Poland. Author analyzes the most representative aspects of an urban discourse from that period (including press and specialist literature published in Warsaw and Łódź), with particular emphasis on the issue of the dispute about the optimal shape of urban policy, scope of the self-government and the proper direction of urban development on the eve of Poland’s regaining independence and other Central and Eastern European countries. although the issue of municipal self-government appeared in almost every newspaper at that time, the new framework for city politics in Poland emerged in discussions between specialists and authors with the biggest knowledge and longtime experience in writing about this subject.

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Koźlak, Aleksandra, et Dagmara Wach. « Causes of traffic congestion in urban areas. Case of Poland ». SHS Web of Conferences 57 (2018) : 01019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185701019.

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The dynamic development of urban areas poses increasingly more challenges for the provision of transport services for the population. The concentration of the economic potential and population in the metropolitan areas results in the occurrence of large transport needs, and when these needs are met at the same time, the phenomenon of congestion occurs. The purpose of the article is to research the relationship between various factors contributing to congestion in urban traffic and the level of congestion in Polish cities. The authors have used statistical methods such as correlation and regression analysis. The research has shown that the most statistically significant relationships have occurred in the case of the number of business entities and the number of passenger cars. It can be concluded that the demand side factors are more important in Polish cities than the supply side factors or perhaps the current transport policy is ineffective. When effectively applied, transport policy instruments can play a special role. These instruments can contribute to reducing congestion in various ways, i.e. by implementing various sub-objectives, which include reducing the need to travel, reducing the use of passenger cars, improving the functioning of public transport and use of the infrastructure. The results of this study can be useful for transport policy makers at central, regional and local levels.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Urban policy – Poland"

SARACENO, PIER PAOLO. « THE INTEGRATED TERRITORIAL INVESTMENT (ITI) AS A TOOL FOR GOVERNING THE RURALURBAN LINKAGES : EVIDENCE FROM POLAND ». Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-12919.

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The growing awareness of functional linkages between rural and urban territories has led to a re-thinking of the rural-urban dichotomy. This was flanked by a more general reconceptualization of space, directly coming from the rise of spatial planning and the shifting process from government to governance. Thus, the concept of “soft space” came to the fore, defined as the space of governance and integrated approach. The EU Commission has launched a new instrument aimed at fostering the territorial approach of the new Cohesion Policy, namely the Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI). This research wants to investigate the added value of the ITI instrument in governing and institutionalizing the rural-urban linkages at the metropolitan level. In doing so, the author has created a conceptual framework based on three main concepts directly coming from the concept of soft space, namely institutionalization, governance capacity, and integrated approach. The empirical study is focused on Poland, in particular, dealing with the case of Warsaw, Krakow, and Wroclaw. As a result, this research argues that the ITI in Poland has represented an attempt to improve the cooperation between capital cities and their surrounding areas, even though its outcomes can be questionable.

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SOBCZAK, Anna. « Europeanization and urban policy networks : the impact of EU programmes on cooperation around economic development in Kraków and Glasgow ». Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/14507.

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Defense date: 09 February 2010
Examining Board: John Bachtler (Univerity of Strathclyde), László Bruszt (EUI), Jerzy Hausner (Cracow University), Michael Keating (EUI) (Supervisor)
First made available online: 25 August 2021
This PhD thesis is the outcome of a research project that has analysed how EU programmes influence cooperation among local economic development actors in European cities. The focus of the research is particularly on the impact of the Europeanization process on urban policy networks. The study is based on a comparative analysis of two European cities, Krakow and Glasgow. In particular, the thesis looks into the impact of EU funds on local actor relations around economic development by analysing the management of EU programmes, participation in EU projects and international city cooperation. The theoretical framework provided is based on analysing five dimensions of the Europeanization process, categorised as institutional, financial, cognitive, rhetoric and symbolic. The study builds on an extensive literature review and involved a range of sources, including a large number of interviews in both cities. The structure of the thesis is based on six main chapters. The first chapter introduces a research problem, puts forward preliminary hypotheses and sets a research design based on the five dimensions of the Europeanization process. In the second chapter we find a literature review, looking at actor relations around economic development in cities, with an emphasis on urban policy networks, and the conceptualised role of Europeanization stimulating cooperation among actors. Chapter three provides a review of the urban dimension in EU policies with respect to policy objectives, funding and policy measures. This is followed by two empirical chapters on Glasgow and Krakow, reviewing the historical, political and institutional contexts, management of EU programmes, participation in EU projects and engagement in inter-city cooperation. The final chapter links the empirical findings with urban theories and Europeanization literature as well as provides conclusions on the five dimensions set out in the theoretical framework. The dimensions of the Europeanization model set out in this dissertation demonstrate that when exposed to EU programmes, European cities tend to develop similar features of cooperation around EU funded economic development, despite their distinct institutional structures and differences in national, historical, cultural and political backgrounds. Similar institutions in the form of partnerships are created around EU funds (institutional dimension), which attract additional funds, both private and public (financial dimension). Actors involved with EU funded projects exchange knowledge and expertise that contribute to the creation of best practices, which become available to all cities in the European Union (cognitive dimension). Consequently, local actors involved with EU programmes start using the same EU language (rhetoric dimension) and apply the same EU symbols (symbolic dimension).

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Livres sur le sujet "Urban policy – Poland"

International Conference on Urban Climate (5th 2003 Łódź, Poland). Proceedings, fifth International Conference on Urban Climate : 1-5 September, 2003, Łódź, Poland. Sous la direction de Kłysik Kazimierz, International Association for Urban Climate., World Meteorological Organization et Uniwersytet Łódzki. Łódź : University of Łódź, 2003.

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Samuel, Kostrowicki Andrzej, Lityński Marek, Council for Mutual Economic Assistance. et Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania (Polska Akademia Nauk), dir. Natural environment of suburban areas as a development factor of big cities : Papers from a scientific conference of the COMECON subject 1.3 "Evaluation and prognosis concerning the management of natural resources in the development of regions" Jabłonna, Poland, 28.04.-03.05. 1986 : papers from seminars and conferences. Warszawa : Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, 1988.

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OECD Urban Policy Reviews, Poland 2011. OECD, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264097834-en.

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Poland. OECD, 2011.

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Organisation for economic co-operation and development. Poland 2012. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated, 2012.

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(Editor), George E. Peterson, et Patricia Clarke Annez (Editor), dir. Financing Cities : Fiscal Responsibility and Urban Infrastructure in Brazil, China, India, Poland and South Africa. Sage Publications Pvt. Ltd, 2007.

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E, Peterson George, et Annez Patricia Clarke, dir. Financing cities : Fiscal responsibility and urban infrastructure in Brazil, China, India, Poland and South Africa. New Delhi : Sage Publications, 2007.

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Jelonek, Adam W., et Beata Glinka. Immigrant Entrepreneurship : Cases from Contemporary Poland. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Jelonek, Adam W., et Beata Glinka. Immigrant Entrepreneurship : Cases from Contemporary Poland. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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Jelonek, Adam W., et Beata Glinka. Immigrant Entrepreneurship : Cases from Contemporary Poland. Taylor & Francis Group, 2022.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Urban policy – Poland"

Gega, Józef. « The state of the energy system and pollution control policy on the background of Poland ». Dans Urban Air Pollution, 377–89. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61120-9_30.

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Lewandowska, Aleksandra, Justyna Chodkowska-Miszczuk et Krzysztof Rogatka. « Development of Renewable Energy Sources in Big Cities in Poland in the Context of Urban Policy ». Dans Springer Proceedings in Energy, 907–18. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-13888-2_87.

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Urbanek, Anna. « Pricing Policy After the Implementation of Electronic Ticketing Technology in Public Urban Transport : An Exploratory Study in Poland ». Dans Communications in Computer and Information Science, 322–32. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24577-5_32.

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Wehrmann, Dorothea, Michał Łuszczuk, Katarzyna Radzik-Maruszak, Arne Riedel et Jacqueline Götze. « Transnational Cities Alliances and Their Role in Policy-Making in Sustainable Urban Development in the European Arctic ». Dans Springer Polar Sciences, 113–31. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12459-4_6.

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« Urban System and Challenges in Poland ». Dans OECD Urban Policy Reviews, 23–96. OECD, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264097834-4-en.

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« National Policies for Urban Development in Poland ». Dans OECD Urban Policy Reviews, 97–148. OECD, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264097834-5-en.

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« New towns concept in Poland ». Dans Learning from Other Countries : The Cross-National Dimension in Urban Policy Making, 131–40. Routledge, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203973769-24.

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« 4 JESSICA Initiative to Support Sustainable Urban Development Projects in Poland ». Dans Successes & ; Failures in EU Cohesion Policy : An Introduction to EU cohesion policy in Eastern, Central, and Southern Europe, 173–204. De Gruyter Open Poland, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9788395720451-009.

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Sorkin, David. « Russia and the Kingdom of Poland, I ». Dans Jewish Emancipation, 189–201. Princeton University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691164946.003.0016.

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This chapter details how Russia and the Kingdom of Poland displayed a specific pattern of emancipation. Significantly modifying central European legislation, tsarist governments held to a policy of regeneration for privileges that placed individuals “into” estates. Nicholas I employed regenerative policies of conscription and education. His codification of law solidified the Pale of Settlement. However, his effort to weaken the Polish nobility led to a concerted campaign to destroy the shtetl's economy. In the era of Great Reforms, Alexander II extended privileges to individual Jews considered deserving by integrating them “into” estates. His reform favored urban Jews; he continued to discriminate against rural and shtetl Jews. Indeed, his reforms gave rise to new urban Jewish communities. By the 1860s–1870s, the Jews of Russia and the Kingdom of Poland had begun to enjoy forms of equality, however circumscribed. Many Jewish leaders expected that in time the government would expand that equality.

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Copus, Colin, Alasdair Blair, Katarzyna Szmigiel-Rawska et Michael Dadd. « New and established mayoralties : lessons for local governance in constructing new political institutions – the English and Polish cases ». Dans Directly Elected Mayors in Urban Governance. Policy Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447327011.003.0013.

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Reforming local government is a policy tool of central government when faced with local, national and international pressures for change and this is no more so than in times of political, social and economic crisis. The re-design of the institutional architecture of local political decision-making is therefore driven as much by the needs of the centre as by the needs of the localities, with a series of arguments for change propagated by the centre that reflects a set of central policy preferences. Once the shape, size, decision-making process, functions, purpose and tasks of local government are re-designed at the macro level, local political actors are the faced with opportunities for micro-level re-engineering of the systems bequeathed by the centre. The chapter employs the findings of separate research conducted among political leaders in England and Poland to explore how institutional design by central government, aimed at solving one set of policy problems, can energise further local re-design of local political institutions. Central government re-design of local politics can create a pattern of unfinished business which leads to further central interference in the architecture of local politics.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Urban policy – Poland"

RAKOWSKA, Joanna. « THE RURAL-URBAN PARTNERSHIP IN EU REGIONAL POLICY – THE EVIDENCE FROM POLAND ». Dans Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.121.

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Referring to research and a number of publications on rural-urban partnership, the paper discusses the evidence on such partnerships in Poland, provided by projects carried out under Operational Programmes 2007–2013(2015). The study was based on data from telephone interviews with representatives of 25 local self-governments and on data from the Information System for Monitoring and Control, which includes data sets on all projects carried out under national and regional Operational Programmes 2007–2013 and is disseminated by the Ministry of Infrastructure and Development. The verifying datasets were obtained from Poland’s Central Statistical Office, the National Court Register, and the Ministry of Economy. The findings showed that the commune-unions and limited liability companies set up by the rural and urban local self-governments (LAU2) in Poland have had the characteristics of rural-urban partnerships. These entities were beneficiaries of Operational Programmes 2007–2013. This proves that in practise EU structural funds have been supporting rural-urban partnerships in Poland, although they have not been addressed specifically to them. Despite the on-going theoretical discussion on the definition of rural-urban partnership and the fact that it was purposely not explained to the interviewed the representatives of local self-governments, this form of collaboration was well-recognised by them.

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Agata Kantarek, Anna, et Ivor Samuels. « Nowa Huta, Krakow, Poland. Old Urbanism, New Urbanism ? » Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6463.

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This paper considers the first stage of Nova Huta New Town built near Krakow in the 1950s. In contrast to UK and US new settlements of the post war period it is a high density apartment block development which was ignored in the literature for more than half a century because its design, based on a system of streets, is in contrast with contemporary forms of development, either low density garden city or higher density free standing apartment blocks. A discussion of its neglect and the recent rediscovery of its qualities, both in Poland and by exponents of the US New Urbanism (part of the Urban Morphology spectrum somewhat neglected by ISUF) leads to a systematic investigation of the development, its influences and how this project conceived in a radically different political and economic context, matches or departs from the tenets of the Charter for the New Urbanism. The extent to which the context has determined the differences leads to a conclusion discussing the enduring qualities and contemporary relevance of inherited urban forms. References: Biedrzycka A., Chyb A., Fryźlewicz M. (ed.) Nowa Huta - architektura i twórcy miasta idealnego. Niezrealizowane projekty, Muzeum Historyczne Miasta Krakowa, Kraków 2006. Gauthier,P. and J. Gilliland (2006), ‘Mapping urban morphology: a classification scheme for interpreting contributions to the study of urban form’, Urban Morphology 10.1, 41-50 Hatherley, O.(2015) Landscapes of Communism. A history through buildings (Allen Lane,London). Juchnowicz, S. (2005) ‘Nowa Huta-przeszłość i wizja. Z doświadczeń warsaztatu projektowego in Nowa Huta-przyszłość i wizja’. Studium muzeum rozprosznego, Biblioteka Krzysztoforska, Krakow. Lisowski, B. (1968) Modern architecture in Poland (Polonia Publishing House, Warsaw). Plater Zyberk, E. (2015) ‘Traditional urbanism: design policy and case studies’. in Jeleński et al eds. Tradition and heritage in the contemporary image of the city, Volume 1, Wyd. Politechniki Krakowskiej, Krakow. p160-171. The Congress for the New Urbanism (1999) Charter of the New Urbanism (1999) (https://www.cnu.org/who-we-are/charter-new-urbanism) accessed 4 January 2017. Wyrozumski J. (eds.) Narodziny Nowej Huty Towarzystwo Miłośników Historii i Zabytków Krakowa, Kraków, 1999.

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KUROWSKA, Krystyna, et Roman RUDNICKI. « CHANGES IN LAND USE IN POLAND – COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PERIOD 2002–2010 ». Dans Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.114.

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Land is the most important means of production in agriculture. Valuation of agricultural land resources takes into account the acreage and land quality. Changes in the land use structure are stimulated by many factors. It ought to be remembered that the farmland also provide space for purposes other than agriculture or forestry. The paper presents those changes in the land use structure in Poland which took place in the period of 2002–2010. On the basis of the data by the Central Statistical Office [GUS] and its Agricultural Censuses of 2002 and 2010 the authors propose an agricultural holding territorial importance indicator, land location indicator, change indicator for agricultural land turned into non-agricultural land and analyse the total area of agricultural holdings. The major determinants (internal and external factors) of those changes are also described. The aim of the study is to analyse the changes taking place in the Polish agriculture. They were taken into account natural, ecological and urban determinants as well as to the Common Agricultural Policy. The analyses were conducted at the level of voivodships and poviats and were contained agriculture land and non-agriculture land. The area of agricultural land is decreasing as it is being dedicated for other – non-agricultural – purposes, especially for housing purposes.

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Hanzl, Malgorzata, Lia Maria Dias Bezerra, Anna Aneta Tomczak et Robert Warsza. « A quest to quantify urban sustainability. Assessing incongruous growth. » Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5096.

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Urban planners, politicians and citizens need comprehensive and clear information in order to conduct or get involved into successful evidence based planning and policy making. The objective to improve the quality of planning outcomes both at the local and regional level necessitates in creation of design mechanisms which could help planners verify and support their approach with quantitative analyses and simulation tools. While this sort of problems has already been explored for a while, with an abundant literature on the topic, there still remains a lot to say, especially when it comes to evaluation of plans, such as local plans of urban development, general plans, studies for the municipalities or larger, inter-municipal associations. Along with the implementation of INSPIRE Directive in Europe, data for these analyses, so far patchy and incomplete, becomes slowly but progressively available. The use of quantitative analyses may refer to several aspects of physical form, such as connectivity, continuity of ecological systems, conciseness of built structures and urban boundary, analyses of the morphology of urban tissue, etc. Completed with the qualitative description and enriched with the socio-cultural preconditions assessment they may give a comprehensive picture both of the current and the planned state. The current paper presents an experience of mapping typologies of residential structures in the settlements neighbouring Lodz, Poland, with the objective to assess the existing densities and planned development capacities against the backdrop of demographic dynamics in these region.References Berghauser-Pont, M. and Haupt, P. (2010) Space, Density and Urban Form (Technische Universiteit Delft, Delft). Faludi, A. and Waterhout, B. (2006) ‘Introducing Evidence-Based Planning’, disP Plan. Rev. 165, pp.4–13. Laconte, P. (2016) ‘Introduction: assessing the assessments’, in Laconte, P. and Gossop, C. (eds.) Sustainable Cities. Assessing the Performance and Practice of Urban Environments. (I.B. Tauris, London, New York) 1–14. Newman, P. and Kenworthy, J. (1999) Sustainability and cities: overcoming automobile dependence (University of Chicago Press, Chicago). Rapoport, A. (1975) ‘Toward a Redefinition of Density’, Environment and Behavior 7(2), 133–158.

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Bazan-Krzywoszanska, Anna, Maria Mrówczynska, Marta Skiba et Małgorzata Sztubecka. « Sustainable Urban Development on the Example of the Housing Deveopment of Zielona Góra (Poland), as a Response to the Climate Policy of the European Union ». Dans Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.119.

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In the world, in Europe, and also in Poland the use of energy is growing rapidly, causing concern about the difficulty of supply, a depletion of non-renewable energy resources and the increase in negative impacts on the environment (ozone depletion, global warming, climate change, etc. caused by increased emissions of CO2) (Balaras et al. 2005). Political or economic attempts to enforce climate change, through the increase in the price of fossil fuels, lead to exclusion and growth of energy poverty therefore they cause social effects (fossil fuels become so expensive that a large part of the population cannot afford their combustion). The ideal solution would be a combination of activities aimed at the energy modernization of cities with sustainable strategies of their rebuilding. The purpose of the article is a search for the optimal way of spatial policies at the local level that enable implementation of the objectives of the energy policy of the European Union. Factors affecting changes in the pollutant emissions associated with the combustion of fossil fuels, depending on the energy efficiency of selected buildings were modelled with a use of deduction based on radial neural networks. The observations presented in this article may be relevant for other regions that are interested in reducing polutant emission and energy consumption of buildings, housing estates and cities. Taking the geographical context into account, it is especially important for those regions which benefit from financial support of the European Union.

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KOBIAŁKA, Anna, et Renata KUBIK. « EFFICIENCY OF THE INVESTMENT ACTIVITY OF POLISH COMMUNES IN RURAL AREAS ». Dans RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.207.

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The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficiency of investment activity in the communes in Poland. The commune is a basic unit of local government in Poland, and rural and urban-rural communes constitute the vast majority of municipalities. Communes in their own name and on their own account carry out public tasks that cover all tasks of local interest, including technical and environmental infrastructure. Despite many researches on the efficiency of communes, there are no studies on selected activities as well as on rural areas only. The nonparametric method of technical efficiency Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used in the study. The inputs and the effects of investment activity of rural and urban-rural communes in 2007-2013 were compared. This period was related to the duration of EU support programs. The study was conducted on the basis of data from the Local Data Bank which is Poland's largest database of the economy, society and the environment. The ranking of investment activity for communes were made based of the calculated average for indicators of efficiency. The studies conducted show that the amount of expenditure incurred on the studied spheres of investment activity of the analyzed communes does not translate into their efficiency. This is connected with the possibility of obtaining additional funds from EU. Information on the use of EU funds for financing the municipal investments were not included in the study due to lack of data before 2010. Among the analyzed rural and urban-rural communes the most efficient ones were located in the Mazowieckie, Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships, although they were not fully efficient throughout the considered period. Due to its closeness to the capital, the municipality of Mazowieckie voivodeship belongs to an area with a high degree of urbanization. Communes from the Świętokrzyskie and Lubelskie voivodships belong to regions characterized by a high share of rural areas. The dynamic development of infrastructure is extremely important in terms of divergence between regions of the country.

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Walkowiak, Justyna B. « These garden squares are made for naming : new onyms in Polish urban space ». Dans International Conference on Onomastics “Name and Naming”. Editura Mega, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30816/iconn5/2019/45.

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The recent rise in the number of named garden squares (Polish skwery) in Poland is unprecedented and certain tendencies in their naming can be ascertained. Most importantly, these urbanonyms reference people markedly more than was the case with streets. Some names are meant to educate rather than identify. Also, the time span between the event and its commemoration tends to be shorter than in the case of street names. Naming garden squares offers more formal freedom (since these names do not appear in addresses). Finally, it seems that the namesake needs an object more than the referent needs a name

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Urbańska, Marta A. « Human dimension of urban spaces : International Biennale of Architecture Kraków 2015 and the polish awarded competition entries ». Dans Virtual City and Territory. Barcelona : Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.8084.

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“Jan Gehl, an expert in humanisation of cities, is convinced that the enhancing of quality of our life in the cities is a derivative of the image of public spaces […] where people meet “in order to exchange ideas, to trade or simply to rest” (Jan Gehl, Life between buildings)’. These words hail from the Regulations of the International Biennale of Architecture 2015 whose motto was “Human dimension of urban spaces”. Its idea was to inspire the debate, both at the civic and self-governmental level, on Polish public spaces and their accessibility, through the presentation of architectural and urban designs. It was considered vital because of the colossal means from the EU cohesion funds which are being spent in Poland on urban revitalisations. Due to her involvement in the Biennale’s organisation (commissioner, juror, moderator), the authoress raises the issue of the mentioned and awarded Polish designs. All the entries (over 200) were competing in one of the three categories: of the realised designs, hypothetical ones and interventions-manifestos. They provide the perfect comparative material. As it was stated in the Protocol of the Jury, ‘In the competitions A i B , the Jury has mentioned and awarded completed projects in various scales, from small architectural scale through an urbanistic one to landscape, both mobile, temporary and permanent, yet always fulfilling the criterion of shaping urban spaces in human dimension’. The article, analysing the recent solutions and observations proposed by Polish architects, mostly for Polish public spaces, shall discuss whether one may observe positive tendencies towards the return to urbanity and to human, communal character of city’s public spaces.

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Hajduk, Sławomira. « SELECTED ASPECTS OF MEASURING PERFORMANCE OF SMART CITIES IN SPATIAL MANAGEMENT ». Dans Business and Management 2016. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2016.57.

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This paper explains the meaning of the term smart in the context of city management through an approach based on relevant scientific literature review as well as official documents of international institutions. It also identifies key elements characterizing a smart city. Furthermore, the study shows how to measure and compare urban smartness for instance using ISO 37120 Standard. The test procedure used taxonomic methods such as Hellwig’s synthetic indicator. The main goal of the research is to analyze and evaluate of the smartness cities in Poland. The result of the study is the author’s ranking of Polish cities in view of their level of smartness. The most smartness cities proved Polish metropolises (Wrocław, Katowice, Poznan, Kraków), tourist cities (Sopot, Łeba, Jastarnia, Władysławowo), suburban cities (Podkowa Lesna, Zielonka, Pruszcz Gdanski) and post-mining cities (Chorzów, Gliwice, Siemianowice Slaskie).

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Nowak Da Costa, Joanna, Elzbieta Bielecka et Beata Calka. « Uncertainty Quantification of the Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project over Polish Census Data ». Dans Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.221.

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The aim of this study is to describe uncertainty of the Global Rural-Urban Mapping Project (GRUMP) data based on Polish population reference grid created by the Central Statistical Office of Poland, using INSPIRE grid coding system. The adopted population data uncertainty analysis methodology combined three different approaches, i.e. simple change detection algorithm to obtain discrepancies at the grid cell level, statistical analytical approach to investigate these discrepancies’ frequency distribution, and GIS approach to analyse spatial pattern of distinguished population difference classes. The results showed significant differences in population count at the grid cell level. The maximum magnitude of GRUMP vs. Polish Reference Grid overestimation equals 4087 people per 1 sq. km, while the underestimation equals 20,086 people per 1 sq. km. Very few grid cell shows no difference in population count, i.e. 1.5% of total grid cell count. GRUMP data overestimates Polish total population by 0.15%, while it underestimates the average population density by 50%. The highest population underestimations were identified in the centers of the cities, while suburban areas were characterised by the large and regular population overestimations within GRUMP dataset. These GRUMP dataset imperfections can be attributed to country-specific administrative divisions and to the varying effectiveness of the urban centers delimitation mapping using the night sky light intensity, including blooming effects as well as not frequently illuminated small settlements.

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