Articles de revues : « Urban policy – case studies »

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Marcucci, Edoardo, Valerio Gatta et Cathy Macharis. « Urban freight policy innovation : Case studies ». Research in Transportation Economics 65 (octobre 2017) : 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2017.11.005.

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Henig, Jeffrey R., et Paul R. Dommel. « Decentralizing Urban Policy : Case Studies in Community Development ». Public Administration Review 46, n^o 6 (novembre 1986) : 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/976239.

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de Palma, André, Robin Lindsey et Esko Niskanen. « Policy insights from the urban road pricing case studies ». Transport Policy 13, n^o 2 (mars 2006) : 149–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2005.11.010.

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Attard, Maria, Stephen G. Ison et Guenter Emberger. « Case studies in transport policy special issue transport planning and policy ». Case Studies on Transport Policy 6, n^o 3 (septembre 2018) : 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2018.06.011.

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HOWES, Graham. « Urban Problems and Policy : An Anglican Case Study ». Social Compass 45, n^o 1 (mars 1998) : 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003776898045001004.

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Coombe, R. D. « Urban transport policy development : two case studies in the Middle East ». Transport Reviews 5, n^o 2 (avril 1985) : 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01441648508716592.

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García Velasco, Marcos M. « Regional Policy, Economic Growth and Convergence. Lessons from the Spanish Case ». EURE (Santiago) 37, n^o 110 (avril 2011) : 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0250-71612011000100007.

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Jahre, Sylvana. « Postmigrant Spatial Justice ? The Case of ‘Berlin Develops New Neighbourhoods’ (BENN) ». Urban Planning 6, n^o 2 (27 avril 2021) : 80–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/up.v6i2.3807.

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This article discusses the introduction of a new urban policy in Berlin, Germany, in the frame of postmigrant spatial justice. In 2017, Berlin established so-called ‘integration management programs’ in 20 different neighbourhoods around large refugee shelters as a response to the growing challenges local authorities faced after the administrative collapse in 2015/16. A new policy agenda provides the opportunity to learn from previous policies and programs—especially when it is addressed to the local dimension of integration, a widely and controversially discussed issue. Drawing on fieldwork conducted in Berlin in 2018 and 2019, this article discusses how migration is framed in urban social policy against both postmigrant and spatial justice theory.

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Raynor, Katrina, Severine Mayere et Tony Matthews. « Do ‘city shapers’ really support urban consolidation ? The case of Brisbane, Australia ». Urban Studies 55, n^o 5 (24 janvier 2017) : 1056–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016688420.

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Cities all over the world have activated policy support for urban consolidation in recent decades. Rationales for urban consolidation focus on its perceived ability to achieve sustainability goals, including decreased automobile dependence, increased social cohesion and greater walkability. Despite this, there are few international examples of urban consolidation policy implementation that has achieved its stated aims. This paper explores the nature and character of perceptions of urban consolidation held by urban planners, developers, architects and local politicians. The perspectives held by these ‘city shapers’ are integral to urban consolidation debates and delivery, yet the nature and character of their specific views are underexplored in urban studies literature. This paper combines the theoretical lens of Social Representations Theory with the methodological approach of Q-methodology to understand the common sense understandings of urban consolidation held by city shapers in Brisbane, Australia. It identifies, synthesises and critically discusses the social representations employed by city shapers to understand, promote and communicate about urban consolidation. Findings indicate that urban consolidation debates and justifications diverge significantly from stated policy intentions and are based on differing views on ‘good’ urban form, the role of planning and community consultation and the value of higher density housing. We conclude that there is utility and value in identifying how urban consolidation strategies are influenced by the shared beliefs, myths and perceptions held by city shapers. Understanding these narratives and their influence is fundamental to understanding the power-laden manipulation of policy definitions and development outcomes.

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Shi, Chunyu, Liao LIAO, Yujie He et Qianying Zhang. « Policy Capacity for Urban Village Redevelopment in China : A Two-Case Case Study ». Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 22, n^o 2 (30 avril 2024) : 50–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.52152/22.2.50-79(2024).

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Policy capacity is described as a determinant for effective policy implementation. Its contents vary according to modes of governance. Based on available academic studies, grey literature, and semi-structured interviews, this study empirically explores how urban village redevelopment has been carried out in two cities, Hangzhou and Guangzhou, through the lens of policy capacity. By contrasting policy outcomes and the manifestation of policy capacity at different levels in these two cities, we develop three arguments that contribute to our understanding of urban renewal and policy capacity. Firstly, the performance of any policy action is affected by the capacity of the central actor to develop and implement policies. Secondly, understanding the interactive logical between analytical, operational, and political capacities under different governance modes is the key to understanding the strengths and weaknesses of policy capacity in a specific sector. Shaped by local contexts and past experience, local governments are predisposed to path dependence in developing and deploying policy capacity in urban village redevelopment. Thirdly, the capabilities and resources needed to support policies are largely determined by policy problematization at the analytical level: the technique-based approach of policy capacity theory needs to complete the missing link between policy framing and ethical issues.

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Chen, Fei. « Interpreting urban micromorphology in China : case studies from Suzhou ». Urban Morphology 16, n^o 2 (15 mai 2012) : 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.51347/jum.v16i2.3985.

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In light of the Conzenian tradition of urban morphology, this paper explores the concept of micromorphology in China. Here the widespread absence until recently of true ground plans of cities showing accurately streets, plots and building block-plans is an obstacle to conventional plan analysis. Using such sources as local gazetteers, other local writings, historical photographs, and existing historical buildings, this paper undertakes a micromorphological analysis of a public building complex and two private house complexes in the Guanqian area, Suzhou. The relative persistence of various morphological elements is demonstrated. Links are made between morphology and political social economy. Micromorphology is shown to be potentially valuable for urban design, management and policy-making.

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HETTIARACHCHI, MISSAKA, CLIVE McALPINE et T. H. MORRISON. « Governing the urban wetlands : a multiple case-study of policy, institutions and reference points ». Environmental Conservation 41, n^o 3 (28 novembre 2013) : 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892913000519.

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SUMMARYWorldwide, coastal and floodplain wetlands are rapidly urbanizing, making them highly vulnerable to biodiversity loss, biological invasion and climate change. Yet urban wetlands management is an understudied area of global environmental research. Different policy approaches and institutional arrangements in place for urban wetlands governance have to be studied comparatively to obtain a better understanding of the current issues. This paper investigates four urban wetland policy regimes and the application of ecological reference points across four countries. The regimes are discussed within the context of global policy trends, urbanization patterns and environmental change. The analysis illustrates that the four cases deviate substantially in certain characteristics and converge in others. Global trends such as environmental treaties and restructuring of city spaces are common policy drivers for all cases. Conversely, the localized specific problems have yielded specialized policy responses in each case. Declaration of fixed biological reference points for wetlands were not used at any stage of the policy development process. However, the wetland managers formally or informally set up ecosystem-services oriented benchmarks for urban wetland management. Globally-applicable normative policy directives or universal ecological reference points seem bound to fail in urban wetlands governance. However, in designing effective urban wetland policy and institutions at the regional scale, both context-specific and generalized lessons from empirical policy evaluation of multiple case studies need to be jointly considered. Based on the characteristics of the policy regimes analysed in this study, a hypothetical framework for urban wetland policy evaluation is proposed; this has yet to be validated by empirical application to actual cases.

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Wyly, Elvin, et James DeFilippis. « Mapping Public Housing : The Case of New York City ». City & ; Community 9, n^o 1 (mars 2010) : 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6040.2009.01306.x.

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In American popular discourse and policy debates, “public housing” conjures images of “the projects”—dysfunctional neighborhood imprints of a discredited welfare state. Yet this image, so important in justifying deconcentration, is a dangerous caricature of the diverse places where low–income public housing residents live, and it ignores a much larger public housing program—the $100 billion–plus annual mortgage interest tax concessions to (mostly) wealthy homeowners. in this article, we measure three spatial aspects of assisted housing, poverty, and wealth in New York City. First, local indicators of spatial association document a contingent link between assistance and poverty: vouchers are not consistently associated with poverty deconcentration. Second, spatial regressions confirm this result after controlling for racial segregation and spatial autocorrelation. Third, factor analyses and cluster classifications reveal a rich, complex neighborhood topography of poverty, wealth, and housing subsidy that defies the simplistic stereotypes of policy and popular discourse.

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Yaman Galantini, Zeynep Deniz, et Azime Tezer. « Resilient urban planning process in question : Istanbul case ». International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 9, n^o 1 (12 février 2018) : 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-10-2016-0038.

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Purpose This paper aims to describe an updated urban planning process to expose a theoretical model bridging the resilience concept and urban planning, and then it explains this process through Istanbul case. Design/methodology/approach A hypothetical framework is proposed based on the three different but complementary aspects of resilience which are identified as “resilience to what”, “resilience where” and “resilience how”, as well as “five elements process” referring the upgraded components of urban planning processes. Additionally, the methodology conducted to figure out a resilient urban planning process is listed as an expert opinion survey, a two-stage policy Delphi survey, public opinion survey and multi-criteria analysis. Findings It is possible to apply this process in many different case studies for various scales and temporalities for coping with the key vulnerabilities and promote the administrative response capacity. Research limitations/implications Considering size of the study area and the unclarified roles of urban authorities, it is difficult to have a consensus on the key vulnerabilities and the prior urban policies. Originality/value The proposed process is beneficial in addressing the most prominent vulnerabilities and developing capacity to manage unexpected changes, through the collaborative decisions of a wide range of urban planning authorities. Depending on the severity of the disturbances, applying this process to identify changing priorities can be a crucial policy, both for long- or short-term urban policy-making, for further studies.

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Zimmerman, Emily B., Steven H. Woolf, Sarah M. Blackburn, April D. Kimmel, Andrew J. Barnes et Rose S. Bono. « The Case for Considering Education and Health ». Urban Education 53, n^o 6 (28 décembre 2016) : 744–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085916682572.

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Awareness of the impact of education on health remains relatively low among the public, professionals, and policy makers. Virginia Commonwealth University’s Center on Society and Health sought to raise awareness among key decision makers about the impact of education on health outcomes through its Education and Health Initiative (EHI). EHI utilized four key strategies to raise awareness: user-oriented research, strategic communication, local and national stakeholder engagement, and policy outreach to decision makers. We review the research highlighted in four stages of EHI product releases, as well as the development, process, products, and key outcomes associated with this initiative.

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Cirtautas, Matas. « CHANGING PERIPHERY OF THE BALTIC CITIES : LITHUANIAN CASE ». Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 39, n^o 1 (14 avril 2015) : 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2015.1025453.

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Urban sprawl is one of the dominant types of urban development in the world. Although outer growth started from the outset of cities, urban researchers, planners and policy makers are highly concerned about its current extent. Recent development of the Baltic cities and especially trends of their suburban growth have been analysed only partly, because of the relative novelty of the phenomenon and well-established dominance of western cities in the field. This paper attempts to fill this gap and presents a research on conditions and consequences of extensive development of Lithuanian cities. Evidences from the recent growth of the Baltic cities show that decline and sprawl take place simultaneously in major urban regions with possible long-term consequences on their spatial structure. Therefore, this article advocates a need to revise urban policy in the Baltic countries and promote coordinated development of urban and suburban areas in the context of prevailing negative demographic trends and limited capacity of central and local governments to interfere in urban development processes.

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Uddin, Khandakar, et Awais Piracha. « Differential application of planning policy deepening the intracity divide : The case of greater Sydney, NSW, Australia ». Spatium, n^o 44 (2020) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat2044001u.

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Urban planning policies in New South Wales (NSW), Australia are continuously being reformed, in order to make them more economic development friendly. These reforms are concerned with making development approvals easier and faster. The implementation of these reforms and their outcomes in Greater Sydney, NSW, vary according to the local socio-economic conditions. The affluent communities in Greater Sydney are very concerned about these reforms and actively resist their application in their areas. They are successful in avoiding the application of reformed urban planning policies. However, the lower socio-economic parts of Greater Sydney in the outer areas are not able to engage with these urban policy issues. The reformed urban policies are fully applied in the poorer areas, often resulting in excessive and poor-quality urban development. Past research on urban planning policy development, application and outcomes in Sydney has not investigated selective planning policy application and its differential outcomes. This paper analyses the selective application of some recent urban planning policy reforms as they relate to socio-economic division in Greater Sydney. The research argues that the selective application of urban planning policy in Greater Sydney is reinforcing socio-economic division there.

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Cook, Ian R., et Kevin Ward. « Trans-urban Networks of Learning, Mega Events and Policy Tourism ». Urban Studies 48, n^o 12 (9 août 2011) : 2519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098011411941.

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This paper argues for a rethinking of our understanding of what and where go into the ‘urban’ in the New Urban Politics (NUP). It contends that these issues have always been more complex, complicated and, most importantly, contested than has sometimes appeared to be the case in the literature. Using the example of one trans-urban policy learning network—that around the city of Manchester’s bids for the Olympic and Commonwealth Games—the paper makes the case for taking seriously the politics around comparison and referencing in making possible the NUP. It argues that there is a need to study the circuits, networks and webs in and through which urban knowledge and learning are constituted and moved around, and that often underpin the territorial outcomes that have been the traditional focus of scholars working on the NUP.

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Visser, Robin. « Posthuman policies for creative, smart, eco-cities ? Case studies from China ». Environment and Planning A : Economy and Space 51, n^o 1 (17 avril 2018) : 206–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18765481.

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Policies promoting creative, smart, sustainable cities continue to dominate global urban policy scripts. This article explores how posthuman assumptions embedded in such scripts render the socially embodied human invisible and analyzes cases of their rationalization and enactment within China. The article concludes that understandings of creativity in Chinese urban aesthetics expose premises of globally promoted urban policy scripts more transparently than those informed by European aesthetic traditions. The Chinese city is understood to manifest the creative obsessions of humans rather than to actualize a transcendent, idealized vision separate from that of its human creators. This resembles Guy Debord’s idea that what we see in the world—how the world is architected—is a materialization of triumphant ideologies. The contemporary Chinese city, incentivized by the entrepreneurial state, makes visible Debord’s globally dominant “integrated spectacular.” Once creativity and intelligence are rationalized, the autonomous “creative,” “smart,” “eco” city is branded in a global supply chain of city production. Consequently, the posthuman city need not account for the conditions under which embodied humans are actually inspired to create and adequately compensated for their creations. Rather than attributing the failure of posthuman policies in Chinese cities to Chinese exceptionalism, these cases expose universal fault lines in the policies themselves.

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Farmer, Jane, Christina West, Bruce Whyte et Margaret Maclean. « Primary health-care teams as adaptive organizations : exploring and explaining work variation using case studies in rural and urban Scotland ». Health Services Management Research 18, n^o 3 (1 août 2005) : 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0951484054572501.

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It is acknowledged, internationally, that health-care practitioners' work differs between rural and urban areas. While several factors affect individual teams' activities, there is little understanding about how patterns of work evolve. Consideration of work in relation to local circumstances is important for training, devising contracts and redesigning services. Six case studies centred on Scottish rural and urban general practices were used to examine, in-depth, the activity of primary health-care teams. Quantitative workload data about patient contacts were collected over 24 months. Interviews and diaries revealed insightful qualitative data. Findings revealed that rural general practitioners and district nurses tended to conduct more consultations per practice patient compared with their urban counterparts. Conditions seen and work tasks varied between case study teams. Qualitative data suggested that the key reasons for variation were: local needs and circumstances; choices made about deployment of available time, team composition and the extent of access to other services. Primary care teams might be viewed as adaptive organizations, with co-evolution of services produced by health professionals and local people. The study highlights limitations in the application of workload data and suggests that understanding the nature of work in relation to local circumstances is important in service redesign.

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Tu, Xuan, et Xukun Zhang. « Land use change, policy dynamics and urban governance : A case study of urban village redevelopment in Shenzhen ». Urban Resilience and Sustainability 1, n^o 3 (2023) : 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/urs.2023015.

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<abstract> <p>Urbanization in China is a complex process. The expansion of urbanization has pushed the government to tackle the long existed rural/urban divide by redeveloping urban villages. However, not many studies have focused on the relationship between urban redevelopment and urban governance in relation to specific policy elements, that is, how land use change and policy dynamics reinforce urban governance. By conducting a case study of urban redevelopment in Shenzhen, this article first evaluates the redevelopment background, theoretical perspectives on land use and the policy context of urban villages. Based on the analysis of the case, it was concluded that land use change has played a significant role in urban governance, in which the policy dynamics of urban villages in China are crucial to understanding the redevelopment process. Findings show that an integrated approach was adopted to redevelop the village, which combined both government and community forces. Furthermore, the forces of land use change and the policy dynamics manifested in a co-management process engaged by stakeholders, and eventually reinforced urban governance.</p> </abstract>

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Oh, Deog-Seong. « Technology-based regional development policy : case study of Taedok Science Town , Taejon Metropolitan City, Korea ». Habitat International 26, n^o 2 (juin 2002) : 213–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-3975(01)00044-3.

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Diwakar, Pranathi. « A Recipe for Disaster : Framing Risk and Vulnerability in Slum Relocation Policies in Chennai, India ». City & ; Community 18, n^o 4 (décembre 2019) : 1314–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12457.

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This article investigates how governments use dramatic natural events such as disasters to justify potentially unpopular policy interventions. I use the case of the southern Indian city of Chennai to explore how different arms of the government have historically engaged with the question of slum tenure from the 1960s until the present moment. Using archival methods, I analyze policy documents to excavate how slums have been framed within the context of political and policy imperatives. I show that slums are framed as risky to themselves and the broader urban public, and are portrayed as dangerous, messy, or illegal. I analyze the role of the disaster moment in catalyzing slum relocation policies, and I argue that this moment allowed the government a new modality to frame slums as not just risky but also at risk, or vulnerable to disasters in their original locations. I make the case that the anti–poor policy of slum relocation has been justified as pro–poor by framing slums as not just risky, but also at risk. The framing of slums as at risk in Chennai has been necessary within the extant political matrix, which has historically courted slums for electoral success. The analysis of shifting slum policies offers new insight into how urban policy and politics of disaster vulnerability frame and interact with the urban poor in cities of the Global South.

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Barnekov, Timothy, et Douglas Hart. « The Changing Nature of US Urban Policy Evaluation : The Case of the Urban Development Action Grant ». Urban Studies 30, n^o 9 (novembre 1993) : 1469–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420989320081451.

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Chang, Michelle. « Urban Investment Bond and Green Financial Innovation : Literature Review and Case Studies ». Advances in Economics and Management Research 10, n^o 1 (11 avril 2024) : 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aemr.10.1.286.2024.

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The impact of urban investment bonds on green financial innovation have been controversial. As some assume that it leads to a negative impact while some stands in the opposition. This paper reveals evidences of the effects of urban investment bonds on green financial innovation by literature review, case study, statistical analysis, and comparative study methods. The study result shows that the introduction of China’s urban investment bond with significant financing scale have filled the large funding gap in climate investment and provides efficient support for dealing with climate change issues. Saudi Arabia’s case have demonstrated its success in using urban investment bonds on the construction of NEOM New City which aims to build a smart city powered entirely by clean energy. It effectively improves sustainability and copes with environmental issues. With the findings, government and policy-makers of countries around the world should take into account with greater scale of promoting urban investment bonds to green financial innovation, which could help the economy more sustainable and cope with environmental issues around the world.

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Zhou, Yan, Chunjui Wei et Yong Zhou. « How Does Urban Farming Benefit Participants ? Two Case Studies of the Garden City Initiative in Taipei ». Land 12, n^o 1 (25 décembre 2022) : 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010055.

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In discussions on urban food security and healthy aging, urban agriculture is described in the context of changing approaches to sustainable urban development under crises. Space planning-related urban agriculture practices, such as edible landscaping combing design and small-scale crop production, are the primary active strategies and environmental policy tools. This paper addresses urban food security and health aging by practicing campus agriculture and community gardens around National Taiwan University. In particular, this study adopts participatory action research, participatory observation, and semi-structured, in-depth interviews as the research method. We examined the challenges and benefits of implementing urban agriculture in Taipei. Further, we proposed that urban agricultural space building and planning based on a social support network of urban agriculture can effectively address food supply and healthy aging for an aging urban society to some extent.

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Kinfu, Eshetayehu, Henning Bombeck, Agizew Nigussie et Fisseha Wegayehu. « The Genesis of Peri-urban Ethiopia : The Case of Hawassa City ». Journal of Land and Rural Studies 7, n^o 1 (17 décembre 2018) : 71–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321024918808125.

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Peri-urban areas present planning challenges of contemporary urbanisation and settlements in the Global South. Studies about peri-urban area tend to focus upon the Global North and Asia, while little has been done on sub-Saharan Africa. Available research in sub-Saharan Africa is largely confined to studying economic forces driving periurbanisation, land markets and informality. Few have explicitly examined the policy forces driving it. This article analyses the urbanisation and policy forces driving periurbanisation in Hawassa, Ethiopia. It scrutinises the city’s urbanisation policy and the nation’s land policy to find out how and why they are linked with the city’s periurbanisation processes. The analyses utilises primary data collected through household surveys, field observations and key informant interviews, which are complemented by secondary data from national legal and policy documents, and regional and city administration reports. The findings show that Hawassa’s periurbanisation is driven by policy forces emanating from annexation-based rapid urbanisation and the loopholes in the nation’s land policy.

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Fonseca-Roa, Oscar Yesid. « Aproximación a la política pública de protección del patrimonio urbano en Colombia en clave del path dependence (1954-2019) ». Revista Urbano 25, n^o 46 (30 novembre 2022) : 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.22320/07183607.2022.25.46.06.

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Urban heritage is a category of cultural heritage. Historic centers are protected by a legal framework that safeguards the values that are the object of the declaration. The study of urban heritage protection policy in Colombia has been limited by the classical perspective. In contrast, this research performs a case study on conservation legislation and the historical centers declared in Colombia as Assets of Cultural Interest (BIC, in Spanish) between 1954 and 2019 from historical institutionalism. The methodology used is the Path Dependence Application Scheme (EAPD, in Spanish), which seeks to recognize the relationships between the variables, periods, and trajectory of the object of study; to demonstrate the hypothesis of this work, namely the emergence of urban heritage and protection mechanisms is due to the debilitation of the law and ideas of historical heritage. The preliminary conclusions outline five periods and emphasize the mutual dependence of urban heritage and protection policies, as well as the recent emergence of citizen participation, and the loss of flexibility and versatility of the legal framework with manifestations of irreversibility in the conservation of urban heritage.

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Hughes, John. « On choosing social policy instruments : the case of non-profit housing, housing allowances or income assistance ». Habitat International 20, n^o 2 (juin 1996) : 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0197-3975(96)90007-7.

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Liu, Fang, et Weilun Sun. « Impact of active “organic decentralization population” policy on future urban built-up areas : Beijing case study ». Habitat International 105 (novembre 2020) : 102262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2020.102262.

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Badach, Joanna, Małgorzata Dymnicka et Andrzej Baranowski. « Urban Vegetation in Air Quality Management : A Review and Policy Framework ». Sustainability 12, n^o 3 (10 février 2020) : 1258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12031258.

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Recent episodes of high air pollution concentration levels in many Polish cities indicate the urgent need for policy change and for the integration of various aspects of urban development into a common platform for local air quality management. In this article, the focus was placed on the prospects of improving urban air quality through proper design and protection of vegetation systems within local spatial planning strategies. Recent studies regarding the mitigation of air pollution by urban greenery due to deposition and aerodynamic effects were reviewed, with special attention given to the design guidelines resulting from these studies and their applicability in the process of urban planning. The conclusions drawn from the review were used to conduct three case studies: in Gdańsk, Warsaw, and Poznań, Poland. The existing local urban planning regulations for the management of urban greenery were critically evaluated in relation to the findings of the review. The results indicate that the current knowledge regarding the improvement of urban air quality by vegetation is not applied in the process of urban planning to a sufficient degree. Some recommendations for alternative provisions were discussed.

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Setiadi, Rukuh, Joerg Baumeister, Paul Burton et Johanna Nalau. « Extending Urban Development on Water : Jakarta Case Study ». Environment and Urbanization ASIA 11, n^o 2 (23 août 2020) : 247–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425320938539.

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This article introduces the concept of ‘Sea Cities’ to emphasize a range of tactics to acknowledge the relationship between the sea and cities. This concept is critical for the possibility of integrating future aquatic-based urbanism to address climate change, and in particular, the issue of rising sea levels, which is currently faced by the majority of coastal cities. We compare and assess the tactics of four sea cities (i.e., to fortify, accommodate, release, and floating) against the case study of Jakarta. Jakarta is deemed to be among the metropolitan cities most vulnerable to sea level rise, owing to overpopulation alongside the fact that its land is sinking rapidly due to massive urban development. In order to understand the prospects and pitfalls of each tactic for Jakarta, we analyse scholarly literature on the subject, official government reports and documents, as well as policy briefs released by governments at the national level. This study finds that massive hard structural solutions are not only insufficient but also ineffective towards solving the challenges of climate change in Jakarta, especially the rising sea level. At the same time, it also identifies that while the combination of accommodating and floating tactics has never been considered as future a planning option, this could enable more resilient and adaptive solutions for the future development trajectory of Jakarta. In doing so, it could also provide important transferrable lessons for other coastal cities, especially those within developing countries.

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Vaa, M. « Housing policy after political transition : the case of Bamako ». Environment and Urbanization 12, n^o 1 (1 avril 2000) : 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095624780001200103.

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Kulisek, Larry, et Trevor Price. « Ontario Municipal Policy Affecting Local Autonomy : A Case Study Involving Windsor and Toronto ». Articles 16, n^o 3 (7 août 2013) : 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1017734ar.

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During the first great burst of urban growth in Canada from the beginning of the 20th century and on into the 1920s it was generally the municipalities, either singly or collectively, which fostered policy innovation and new services. Provinces generally did little at that time, either to foster new policies or rein in local autonomy. It was only after the economic setbacks of the depression and a renewed spirit of urban development after 1945 that provincial direction over municipalities became much more significant. This paper is a case study of two major policy crises which threatened the viability of the whole municipal system in Ontario. In the 1930s the Border Cities (Metropolitan Windsor) faced bankruptcy and economic collapse and placed in jeopardy the credit of the province. In the early 1950s the inability of Metropolitan Toronto to create area-wide solutions to severe servicing problems threatened to stall the main engine of provincial growth. The case study demonstrates how a reluctant provincial government intervened to create new metropolitan arrangements for the two areas and accompanied this with a greatly expanded structure of provincial oversight including a strengthened Ontario Municipal Board and a specific department to handle municipal affairs. The objective of the policy was to bolster local government rather than to narrow municipal autonomy.

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Mahadevia, Darshini, Minal Pathak, Neha Bhatia et Shaurya Patel. « Climate Change, Heat Waves and Thermal Comfort—Reflections on Housing Policy in India ». Environment and Urbanization ASIA 11, n^o 1 (mars 2020) : 29–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975425320906249.

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Housing ideally supplies many physical comforts, social and economic benefits, as well as forms the basis for the right to the city. It also addresses an additional challenge of adaptation to the current as well as expected impacts of climate change—one of them being heat waves—especially in the context of developing countries like India. Few studies in the Indian context have explicitly examined the experience of heat on the indoor temperatures linked to the housing quality and typologies and the quality of the surroundings. Official state and urban policies do not explicitly include heatproofing for existing or new housing to address indoor heat exposure, especially in the case of vulnerable populations. We have measured the indoor and outdoor temperatures in 860 low-income residents living in three different housing typologies in 26 settlements (formal and informal) of Ahmedabad, India, in peak summer months. Building the case for a long-term urban housing strategy to address the impact of indoor temperature particularly for low-income households and residents of informal housing, we argue that conscious and deliberate efforts towards heatproofing existing informal housing are required. One of the options, which is being pursued currently, is transiting informal housing dwellers to formal housing. But, another one for immediate consideration is renewal of current informal housing due to limited coverage possibility of the first option.

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Beauregard, Robert A. « Federal policy and postwar urban decline : A case of government complicity ? » Housing Policy Debate 12, n^o 1 (janvier 2001) : 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10511482.2001.9521401.

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Reyes, Augustina, et Andres Garcia. « Turnaround Policy and Practice : A Case Study of Turning Around a Failing School with English-Language-Learners ». Urban Review 46, n^o 3 (4 septembre 2013) : 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11256-013-0261-6.

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Zhong, Xiaohua, et Ho Leung. « Exploring Participatory Microregeneration as Sustainable Renewal of Built Heritage Community : Two Case Studies in Shanghai ». Sustainability 11, n^o 6 (18 mars 2019) : 1617. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061617.

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Since the 1990s, Shanghai has experienced massive urban development and renewal as ways to respond to its demographic, economic, and living space needs. Previous policies have led to the demolishment of many historical communities and valuable heritage housing. The existing ones continue to face extreme threats, such as bad physical conditions and the marginalization of communities. Yet there is a recent trend that emphasizes sustainable urban renewal named microregeneration (微更新), launched by municipal and local states since 2016. One of the main approaches of the initiative was to form new urban coalitions to focus on collaborative governance that helps integrate different agents’ expertise and values for more sustainable urban developments and renewals. This paper explores two cases on how this concept has emerged. The first case is An Shan Si Cun (鞍山四村). This housing block was built in the 1950s for employees of some state-owned enterprises. The second case is Jing Lao Cun (敬老邨). This alley house neighborhood was built in 1930s for migrants who came to Shanghai. Furthermore, this paper is to explore and compare their approaches to sustainable urban renewal, which attempts to preserve these communities that represent cultural and built heritage in Shanghai. Specifically, this paper examines the challenges and accomplishments of these experiments, and discusses policy implications for future tactics of sustainable urban renewal.

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Balaban, Osman, et Jose Antonio Puppim de Oliveira. « Finding sustainable mobility solutions for shrinking cities : the case of Toyama and Kanazawa ». Journal of Place Management and Development 15, n^o 1 (15 novembre 2021) : 20–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-04-2021-0047.

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Purpose Shrinking population can have significant negative impacts on the social and economic fabric of a city. This paper aims to understand different urban transportation policies to respond to population decline in shrinking cities by examining two case studies of urban interventions in mid-size cities in Japan. Design/methodology/approach The paper analyzes the implementation of sustainable mobility strategies in the urban transport sector in the Japanese cities of Toyama and Kanazawa, which risk having their populations significantly reduced in the next decades. The analysis is based on case study research that uses the data and information collected through desk and field research. Interviews with local actors, as well as published policy and academic documents on the case studies provided critical data and information to analyze the case studies. Findings Both cities have tried to make urban mobility more sustainable via different strategies. Toyama used more structural changes, called the “sticks and dumplings” approach, having land use incentives and the Light Rail Transit reinforced by bus routes as the backbone of its strategy. Kanazawa relied on a city center revitalization plan to densify residential use in the city center. Practical implications More structural interventions are necessary to change the declining of shrinking cities, mitigating some of the negative effects. City administrations need to have clear policy priorities and should not allocate their limited resources to competing policy agendas. Originality/value The study is unique as it is one of the first efforts to analyze urban transportation interventions in shrinking cities in Japan.

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Jurczak, Marcin. « FEE TARIFFS IN URBAN TRANSPORT AS A SOCIAL POLICY TOOL ». Polityka Społeczna 591, n^o 7 (30 septembre 2023) : 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.9011.

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The article addresses the issue of public transport charges as an element of social policy. In the first part, the author reviews concepts in the field of social policy. This review provides a basis for further reflection on the current macroeconomic situation. The rise in the cost of living in various areas is one of the most important challenges for households today, and appropriate tariff regulation, which reduces the cost of public services, is a valuable tool for social policy. The aim of the article is to review the current public transport tariff offer in cities (tariffs reduction and preferences) and from the perspective of families. The result of the review is a tabular summary of the applied solutions. Article is based on literature analysis (and document research), analysis of selected case studies and observations.

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Metzger, Molly W., Patrick J. Fowler et Todd Swanstrom. « Hypermobility and Educational Outcomes : The Case of St. Louis ». Urban Education 53, n^o 6 (28 décembre 2016) : 774–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042085916682571.

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The school mobility rate in St. Louis Public Schools was 40% in 2011-2012, meaning that nearly half of students exited or entered a given school midway through the school year. This alarmingly high rate of churning across schools is accompanied by high neighborhood turnover, particularly within low-income, urban neighborhoods. This constant, disruptive change presents a serious and fundamental challenge for urban education. In this article, we summarize the literature linking mobility to educational outcomes, examine the causes of hypermobility in the case study of St. Louis, describe some of the current approaches to this challenge, and propose additional policy and program solutions.

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Lemieux-Charles, Louise, et Peggy Leatt. « Hospital-Physician Integration : Case Studies of Community Hospitals ». Health Services Management Research 5, n^o 2 (juillet 1992) : 82–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095148489200500201.

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Hospitals are attempting more meaningfully to involve physicians in management as one approach to increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between the structure of the medical staff organization, the extent to which physicians are integrated into hospital decision making and the hospital's financial performance. A measure of hospital-physician integration was developed based on Alexander et al's (1986) dimensions of hospital-physician integration which were based on Scott's (1982) organizational models, ie, autonomous, heteronomous and conjoint. A multiple case study design, which comprised eight community non-teaching hospitals over 200 beds located in the Province of Ontario, Canada, was used to examine the relationship between variables. Study results suggest that there is variation among community hospitals on both contextual and organization factors. Hospitals with high levels of hospital-physician integration were located in highly populated areas, had formulated and implemented a strategic plan, had highly structured medical staff organizations, and had no budgetary deficit. In contrast, hospitals with moderate or low levels of integration were more likely to be located in lowly populated areas, had little planning activity, had a moderately structured medical staff organization, and had deficit budgeting. Suggested areas for future research include examining the role of the Board of Trustees in determining physicians' organizational roles and identifying differences in commitments, characteristics, and motivations of physicians working in rural versus urban hospitals and their impact on integrative strategies.

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Hananel, Ravit. « From central to marginal : The trajectory of Israel’s public-housing policy ». Urban Studies 54, n^o 11 (24 mai 2016) : 2432–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016649323.

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Over the past decade, in the wake of the global housing crisis, many countries have again turned to public housing to increase the supply of affordable housing for disadvantaged residents. Because the literature and past experience have generally shown public-housing policies to be contrary to the urban-diversity approach, many countries are reshaping their policies and focusing on a mix of people and of land uses. In this context, the Israeli case is particularly interesting. In Israel, as in many other countries (such as Germany and England), there was greater urban diversity in public-housing construction during the 1950s and 1960s (following the state’s establishment in 1948). However, at the beginning of the new millennium, when many countries began to realise the need for change and started reshaping their public-housing policies in light of the urban-diversity approach, Israel responded differently. In this study I use urban diversity’s main principles – the mix of population and land uses – to examine the trajectory of public-housing policy in Israel from a central housing policy to a marginal one. The findings and the lessons derived from the Israeli case are relevant to a variety of current affordable-housing developments in many places.

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Feifei, Zhang, Cai Jianming et Liu Gang. « How Urban Agriculture is Reshaping Peri-Urban Beijing ? » Open House International 34, n^o 2 (1 juin 2009) : 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-02-2009-b0003.

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In Beijing, urban agriculture (UA) experienced a corkscrew development with its role changing in decades: It has evolved from the purely production mode to multi-functional urban agriculture, fulfilling both social and ecological demands. At present, the practice of UA as well as the number of rural to urban migrants is growing rapidly in peri-urban Beijing. Through Multi-stakeholder Process for Action planning and Policy Design (MPAP) methodology and four in-depth case studies, we can see that UA activities are playing very important roles in reshaping peri-urban Beijing. Socially, UA induces the emergence of new migrant communities. While migrants rebuild their social network, they are changed by the city as well, which has also changed the local community. The new comers are on their way to creating a new balance. Physically, urban and peri-urban farmland limits urban sprawl, supplies agricultural products for everyday life, and reserves urban green spaces for recreation and leisure for citizens in Beijing, which has changed the landscape and land use and land cover (LUCC) pattern greatly. Under Beijing's land policy, the concentric configuration spatial allocation through multi-functional UA is formed, which at the same time due to migrants' UA activities are creating harmful and low efficient land use pattern which should be of concern.

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Fatai Adeshina Adelani, Enyinaya Stefano Okafor, Boma Sonimiteim Jacks et Olakunle Abayomi Ajala. « EXPLORING THEORETICAL CONSTRUCTS OF URBAN RESILIENCE THROUGH SMART WATER GRIDS : CASE STUDIES IN AFRICAN AND U.S. CITIES ». Engineering Science & ; Technology Journal 5, n^o 3 (24 mars 2024) : 984–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.51594/estj.v5i3.952.

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This review paper explores the theoretical constructs of urban resilience through the lens of smart water grids, focusing on comparative insights between African and U.S. cities. Urban resilience, a critical concern in the face of climate change and urbanization, encompasses the capacity of urban systems to absorb, adapt, and recover from various shocks and stresses. Integrating advanced technologies such as sensors, smart meters, and data analytics, smart water grids emerge as innovative solutions to enhance urban resilience through improved water management. This paper synthesizes the literature on the intersections between urban resilience and smart water grids, highlighting theoretical constructs that emerge from integrating smart water technologies with urban resilience strategies. It discusses the implications of these constructs for urban planning and policy-making, considering socioeconomic, technological, and governance dimensions, and reflects on the importance of contextual factors. The paper identifies gaps in current theoretical and empirical understanding, suggesting areas for future research, including comparative studies and interdisciplinary approaches. By providing a comprehensive overview of how smart water grids contribute to urban resilience, this paper contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable urban development and the role of technology in addressing contemporary urban challenges. Keywords: Urban Resilience, Smart Water Grids, Climate Change Adaptation, Sustainable Urban Development.

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HACKWORTH, JASON, et ABIGAIL MORIAH. « Neoliberalism, Contingency and Urban Policy : The Case of Social Housing in Ontario ». International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 30, n^o 3 (septembre 2006) : 510–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2006.00675.x.

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Lee, Caroline, Gavin Parker, Stefanie Buckner, Calum Mattocks, Amy Barnes, Emily J. Oliver, Andy Cowan et Louise Lafortune. « Neighbourhood planning, rural ageing and public health policy in England : a case of policy myopia ? » Town Planning Review : Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (1 août 2020) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.39.

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This article draws together new research findings with recent evidence, theory and policy developments relating to place-based planning for health and well-being. It considers how neighbourhood planning (NP) can support the advancement of the ageing-well agenda and well-being goals in rural areas of England. We argue that NP can theoretically impact positively on age-friendly objectives (sensitive housing design, downsizing options, social and civic participation), but this is limited without greater incentives and political commitment to integrated policy making. Without due attention, the advancement of ageing well and rural well-being through NP, as currently constructed, will remain a largely missed opportunity.

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Robertson, Shanthi, et Val Colic–Peisker. « Policy Narratives versus Everyday Geographies : Perceptions of Changing Local Space in Melbourne's Diverse North ». City & ; Community 14, n^o 1 (mars 2015) : 68–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cico.12098.

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This paper presents a comparative case study of two northern suburbs in Melbourne, Australia, in order to analyze local perceptions of proximity, mobility, and spaces of community interaction within diverse neighborhoods experiencing socioeconomic and demographic transition. We first look at government policies concerning the two suburbs, which position one suburb within a narrative of gentrification and the other within a narrative of marginalization. We then draw on diverse residents’ experiences and perceptions of local space, finding that these “everyday geographies” operate independently of and often at odds with local policy narratives of demographic and socioeconomic transition. We conclude that residents’ “everyday geographies” reveal highly varied and contested experiences of sociospatial dimensions of local change, in contrast to policy narratives that are often neoliberally framed.

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Ruming, Kristian. « Housing Policy in Australia : A Case for System Reform ». Urban Policy and Research 40, n^o 1 (28 novembre 2021) : 86–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08111146.2021.2009471.

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Todes, Alison, et Norah Walker. « Women and housing policy in South Africa : A discussion of Durban case studies ». Urban Forum 3, n^o 2 (juin 1992) : 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03036753.

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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Urban policy – case studies »

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