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1
Sjödin, Andreas. « Populus transcriptomics : from noise to biology ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Fysiologisk botanik, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1423.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mikromatriser handlar numera inte bara om att alstra genuttrycksdata i snabb takt, utan det är minst lika viktigt att effektivt ta hand om informationen efteråt. I den här avhandlingen presenteras ett arbetsflöde för att mäta, lagra och analysera genuttrycksdata i asp och poppel (Populus spp.). En Populus} mikromatrisdatabas - UPSC--BASE - tillgänglig för alla intresserade, utvecklades i syfte att samla in och lagra genuttrycksdata. Flertalet analysverktyg gjordes samtidigt tillgängliga, för att möjliggöra ett smidigt arbetsflöde från rådata till biologiska slutsatser. En av de stora utmaningarna i analys av mikromatriser är att kunna särskilja bruset från värdefull biologisk information. Att studera träd som växer utomhus är komplext eftersom de interagerar med omgivningen i mycket större utsträckning än vad som är fallet i växthusets kontrollerade miljö. Det här arbetet visar att det är möjligt, med hjälp av avancerad statistik och god försöksplanering, att följa och jämföra genuttrycket i blad från aspar utomhus under flera år för att dra värdefulla slutsatser om geners reglering. Den lagrade biologiska informationen i UPSC-BASE är avsedd att vara en värdefull tillgång för växtfältet i stort. I databasen finns nästan hundra olika experiment som innefattar alltifrån unga blad till ved, insektsangrepp, kyla och torka samt studier av genmodifierade växter. Informationen kan användas både för jämförande studier inom olika aspförsök, men också för att jämföra med andra växter. För att illustrera möjligheterna, studerades och grupperades gener i blad baserat på hur de uppträder över alla dessa experiment. Dessa grupperingar användes sedan för att definiera gener som är viktiga i bladutvecklingen. Sammanfattningsvis ger arbetet som presenteras i denna avhandling tillgång till verktyg och kunskap för storskaliga studier av genuttryck och den lagrade informationen har bevisats vara en värdefull tillgång för mer ingående studier av geners reglering.DNA microarray analysis today is not just generation of high-throughput data, much more attention is paid to the subsequent efficient handling of the generated information. In this thesis, a pipeline to generate, store and analyse Populus transcriptional data is presented A public Populus microarray database - UPSC--BASE - was developed to gather and store transcriptomic data. In addition, several tools were provided to facilitate microarray analysis without requirements for expert-level knowledge. The aim has been to streamline the workflow from raw data through to biological interpretation. Differentiating noise from valuable biological information is one of the challenges in DNA microarray analysis. Studying gene regulation in free-growing aspen trees represents a complex analysis scenario as the trees are exposed to, and interacting with, the environment to a much higher extent than under highly controlled conditions in the greenhouse. This work shows that, by using multivariate statistics and experimental planning, it is possible to follow and compare gene expression in leaves from multiple growing seasons, and draw valuable conclusions about gene expression from field-grown samples. The biological information in UPSC-BASE is intended to be a valuable transcriptomic resource also for the wider plant community. The database provides information from almost a hundred different experiments, spanning different developmental stages, tissue types, abiotic and biotic stresses and mutants. The information can potentially be used for both cross-experiment analysis and for comparisons against other plants, such as Arabidopsis or rice. As a demonstration of this, microarray experiments performed on Populus leaves were merged and genes preferentially expressed in leaves were organised in to regulons of co-regulated genes. Those regulons were used to define genes of importance in leaf development in Populus. Taken together, the work presented in this thesis provides tools and knowledge for large-scale transcriptional studies and the stored gene expression information has been proven to be a valuable information resource for in-depth studies about gene regulation.
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Pereira, Dante Victor Shimoda. « Estudo teÃrico : UPQC-UPS monofÃsica com possibilidade de filtragem ativa utilizando a teoria p-q ». Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10363.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoEste trabalho propÃe o projeto de uma UPQC-UPS monofÃsica de 1,4 kVA e alta eficiÃncia com capacidade de filtragem ativa atravÃs de dois conversores conectados em sÃrie e em paralelo. Com esta topologia, à possÃvel obter uma elevada eficiÃncia e combinar as vantagens dos tipos de UPS on-line e line-interactive, melhorando, ao mesmo tempo, a qualidade de energia da rede e protegendo as cargas de harmÃnicos e oscilaÃÃes de tensÃo. As referÃncias de compensaÃÃo dos conversores sÃrie e paralelo sÃo gerados utilizando a Teoria p-q, que propÃem um conjunto de definiÃÃes para lidar com sistemas elÃtricos sob condiÃÃes nÃo-senoidais. De acordo com os resultados de simulaÃÃo, foi comprovado que, quando os conversores sÃrie e paralelo estÃo em funcionamento, a corrente de entrada do sistema possui baixa taxa de distorÃÃo harmÃnica (TDHi) e o sistema apresenta um fator de potÃncia elevado, mesmo para cargas nÃo-lineares. AlÃm disso, à fornecida à carga uma tensÃo senoidal com baixa taxa de distorÃÃo harmÃnica (TDHv) e com valor eficaz fixo mesmo com oscilaÃÃes na tensÃo de entrada, tanto no modo rede como no modo bateria. SimulaÃÃes foram desenvolvidas no software PSCAD/EMTDC.
This work proposes the design of an UPQC-UPS high efficiency single phase 1.4 kVA with active filter capabilities throughout the parallel and series converters. With this topology, it is possible to obtain high efficiency and combine the advantages of both on-line and line interactive UPS systems improving, at the same time, the grid energy quality. The series/parallel compensation references were generated using the p-q Theory which defines a joint of power definitions to deal with electric systems under non-sinusoidal conditions. According to the simulation results, it was shown that the system input current has a low total harmonic distortion (THDi) and it presents high power factor. Also, the load voltage has a sinusoidal shape with low total harmonic distortion (THDv), both in its grid and battery mode operation. Such simulations were developed in the software PSCAD/EMTDC.
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Pereira, Dante Victor Shimoda. « Estudo teórico : UPQC-UPS monofásica com possibilidade de filtragem ativa utilizando a teoria p-q ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2013. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/5820.
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PEREIRA, D. V. S. Estudo teórico: UPQC-UPS monofásica com possibilidade de filtragem ativa utilizando a teoria p-q. 2013. 229 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Elétrica) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2013.Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2013-09-16T14:29:37Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013_dis_dvspereira.pdf: 2132246 bytes, checksum: 1a167655a41122894fab2efe8ac8c337 (MD5)
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This work proposes the design of an UPQC-UPS high efficiency single phase 1.4 kVA with active filter capabilities throughout the parallel and series converters. With this topology, it is possible to obtain high efficiency and combine the advantages of both on-line and line interactive UPS systems improving, at the same time, the grid energy quality. The series/parallel compensation references were generated using the p-q Theory which defines a joint of power definitions to deal with electric systems under non-sinusoidal conditions. According to the simulation results, it was shown that the system input current has a low total harmonic distortion (THDi) and it presents high power factor. Also, the load voltage has a sinusoidal shape with low total harmonic distortion (THDv), both in its grid and battery mode operation. Such simulations were developed in the software PSCAD/EMTDC.
Este trabalho propõe o projeto de uma UPQC-UPS monofásica de 1,4 kVA e alta eficiência com capacidade de filtragem ativa através de dois conversores conectados em série e em paralelo. Com esta topologia, é possível obter uma elevada eficiência e combinar as vantagens dos tipos de UPS on-line e line-interactive, melhorando, ao mesmo tempo, a qualidade de energia da rede e protegendo as cargas de harmônicos e oscilações de tensão. As referências de compensação dos conversores série e paralelo são gerados utilizando a Teoria p-q, que propõem um conjunto de definições para lidar com sistemas elétricos sob condições não-senoidais. De acordo com os resultados de simulação, foi comprovado que, quando os conversores série e paralelo estão em funcionamento, a corrente de entrada do sistema possui baixa taxa de distorção harmônica (TDHi) e o sistema apresenta um fator de potência elevado, mesmo para cargas não-lineares. Além disso, é fornecida à carga uma tensão senoidal com baixa taxa de distorção harmônica (TDHv) e com valor eficaz fixo mesmo com oscilações na tensão de entrada, tanto no modo rede como no modo bateria. Simulações foram desenvolvidas no software PSCAD/EMTDC.
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Modesto, Rodrigo Augusto. « Estudo, projeto e implementação de sistemas UPQC/UPS trifásicos aplicados no condicionamento ativo de energia elétrica ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18153/tde-07042015-111551/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este trabalho apresenta o estudo, análise e a implementação de três topologias de condicionadores ativos de energia elétrica, utilizados para a melhoria da qualidade da energia em sistemas elétricos trifásicos a quatro fios. Estes condicionadores de qualidade de energia podem trabalhar tanto como um condicionador unificado de qualidade de energia (UPQC), bem como uma fonte de alimentação ininterrupta (UPS), permitindo: (i) a supressão das correntes harmônicas da carga; (ii) a compensação de energia reativa da carga; (iii) compensação dos desequilíbrios das correntes de carga; (iv) a compensação de desequilíbrios de tensão da rede; (v) supressão das tensões harmônicas da rede elétrica; (vi) a regulação das tensões de saída (tensões de carga); e (vii) fornecimento de energia ininterrupta para as cargas críticas (sistema UPS). Dentre as três topologias de UPQC/UPS estudadas, uma delas é proposta neste trabalho com o intuito de reduzir a tensão no barramento CC. Além disso, todas as topologias em estudo são constituídas por dois conversores PWM, nos quais é adotada uma estratégia de controle dual. Desse modo, o conversor colocado em paralelo com a carga, funciona como uma fonte de tensão senoidal, enquanto que o conversor colocado em série entre a rede elétrica e a carga, é controlado para operar como uma fonte de corrente senoidal. Tanto os controladores de tensão, quanto os de corrente são implementados no referencial síncrono dq0. Além disso, a técnica de modulação vetorial espacial tridimensional (3-D-SVM) é empregada nos conversores. Testes experimentais são apresentados para validar o desenvolvimento teórico e verificar o bom desempenho estático e dinâmico dos condicionadores ativos de energia elétrica, operando como UPQC, bem como sistema UPS.This work presents the study, analysis and implementation of three topologies of active power conditioners, which are used to improve the power quality in three-phase four-wire systems. These power quality conditioner can work as unified power quality conditioner (UPQC), as well as an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system allowing: (i) suppression of load harmonic currents; (ii) compensation of load reactive power; (iii) load unbalances compensation; (iv) utility voltage unbalances compensation; (v) utility voltage harmonics suppression; (vi) regulation of the output voltages (load voltages); and (vii) uninterruptible power for critical loads when working as UPS system. Among the three topologies of UPQC/UPS studied, one of them is proposed in this work in order to reduce the DC-bus voltage. Besides, all the topologies are comprised of two PWM converters, where a dual control strategy is adopted. The first converter, which is placed in parallel with the load, operates as a sinusoidal voltage source, while the second, which is placed in series between the utility grid and the load, is controlled to operate as a sinusoidal current source. Both the voltage and current controllers are implemented into the synchronous rotating reference frame (dq0-axes). In addition, the series and parallel converters use the three-dimensional space vector modulation (3-D-SVM) technique. The experimental tests are presented to validate the theoretical development and to verify the effective static and dynamic performance of the proposed active power conditioners, operating as UPQC and UPS.
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Galván, Oré Liliana. « Perfil de liderazgo UPC : modelo educativo de la UPC ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/272374.
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Eurtivong, Chalasai. « Time-dependent phenomena in uPVC ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47051.
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Lima, Maria Aparecida Fernandes de. « Desenvolvimento de colunas para UPLC ». [s.n.], 1988. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/250693.
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Orientador : Kenneth Elmer CollinsTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Quimica
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Doutorado
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Aplicadas, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias. « Guía informativa UPC ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplciadas, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625819.
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Una hija estaba muy molesta, porque parecía que, cuando un contratiempo se le solucionaba, aparecía un problema nuevo aún más complicado. Habló de ello con su padre, que era jefe de cocina.
Él la miró y, sonriente, cogió tres ollas. En un puchero puso unos huevos; en otro, unas zanahorias, y en una tercera ollita, café. La joven se quedó pasmada pensando que su padre no la escuchaba, como ya era habitual, porque en lugar de proporcionarle una respuesta se ponía a cocinar. Después de 20 minutos de cocción,
el padre le preguntó a la hija: “¿Qué ves?”. La chica quedó atónita. “¿Qué quieres que vea?”, “¡si no me haces ningún caso mientras cueces huevos, unas zanahorias y haces café!”, respondió, medio enfadada.
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Mrázek, Petr. « Záložní zdroj (UPS) ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221364.
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The thesis deals with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and associated problems of backup power in case of unexpected outages of electricity. Start of work is dedicated to limitation of the electricity supplies, as well as their causes and consequences. Furthermore, brief history of UPS and subsequently distinguish between UPS’s architectures. There is also a description of the energy sources such as batteries, flywheels or fuel cells. Part of thesis describes security of electricity supply in health care facilities, including requirements for emergency power. The own design of UPS is described in the end.
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Silva, Marco Aurélio Ferreira da. « Sistema de Unidades Padrão Escolar - UPEC ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFOP, 1997. http://www.repositorio.ufop.br/handle/123456789/6239.
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Programa de Pós Graduação em Engenharia Civil. Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Escola de Minas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto.Submitted by Oliveira Flávia (flavia@sisbin.ufop.br) on 2016-01-27T17:37:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO_SistemasUnidadesPadrão.pdf: 4462911 bytes, checksum: d440d3f12d86c870d7f06e44489733cf (MD5)
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O tema abordado, SISTEMA DE UNIDADES PADRÃO ESCOLAR - UPEC, possui como objetivo a criação de unidades prediais escolares, projetadas para apoiar o ensino público primário e secundário. A principal característica onde se apoia todo o sistema, é sua flexibilidade. As unidades escolares são viabilizadas e construídas, a partir de um estudo de dimensionamento e classificação em função da demanda local, à época de sua implantação. Daí serem superadas em capacidade, em alguns casos, em curto espaço de tempo. O Sistema proposto permite o crescimento das edificações, habilitando-as para a ampliação do número de usuários existente. A transformação das edificações através da ampliação de suas instalações físicas faz-se de forma natural, sem prejuízo do aspecto formal e sem interromper as atividades escolares durante o período letivo, uma vez que não interfere de forma direta nos espaços existentes. Concebido no sistema estrutural metálico, dado à sua afinidade com os objetivos de nossa proposta, contempla principalmente os seguintes itens: • Flexibilidade • Baixo custo de implantação • Rapidez na execução da obra • Facilidade de transporte • Desmonte e locomoção com reaproveitamento • Possibilidade de industrialização. • Adaptabilidade ao terreno As unidades escolares, denominadas UPECs, classificam-se segundo o número de salas de aula, que pode variar de 4 a 16. Os crescimentos foram previstos caso a caso de acordo com a categoria de cada edificação. A viabilidade do sistema construtivo metálico foi analisada pela USIMINAS, que se posicionou de forma favorável ao projeto apresentado. ______________________________________________________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: This work aims at the designing of schools, proposed to the primary and secondary degree, sponsored by the government. The main characteristic of this system is its flexibility. The schools are designed and built according to previous researchs concerning its dimensions and classification according to its local conditions at time of implantation.In this case, they are likely to become surpassed in short time. The system allows the expansion of the building according to its new requirements, fulfilling the needs of the different categories concerning the number of classrooms, and is conceived in steel structures, so that the exchange of categories is achieved in a natural way, keeping the formal aspects and without interference in the school activities.The following itens are considered: • Flexibility • Low costs of implantation • Fast erection of building • Easy transportation • Easy dismounting and new use • Industrialization possibilities • Adaptability to the site The school units are classified according the number of classrooms with can vary from 4 (four) to 16 (sixteen). The expansions where studieds according to each categorie of building. The feasibility of the constructive system was analized and aproved by USIMINAS.
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Löfqvist, Malin, et Sara Hultman. « Ups ! : Produktutvecklingen och utvärderingen av den digitala applikationen Ups!The product development and the evaluation of the digital application Ups ! » Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Utbildningsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-26036.
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The purpose of this study was to develop an educational application and evaluate how it could support multilingualism in preschool. In carrying out this study, two methods were used. First, a research and development method (R&D) was used to help form and develop the application. To develop the product further, an interview study was used to explore preschool teachers` experiences of the developed application and whether the developed application supports multilingualism in preschool. The interviews were processed and categorized. The study found that the developed application can encourage multilingualism in preschools and has the potential to be developed further.Syftet med denna studie var att utveckla en digital applikation, samt utvärdera applikationen om den stödjer flerspråkighet i förskolan. Det har använts två metoder i studien. Den första är en forskning och utvecklingsmetod (R & D) för att forma och utveckla produkten. För att utveckla produkten vidare användes metoden intervjustudie, för att undersöka förskollärares upplevelser av den utvecklade applikationen samt om den stödjer flerspråkighet i förskolan. Intervjuerna bearbetades och kategoriserades. Studien påvisade att den utvecklade applikationen kan stödja flerspråkighet i förskolan och har potential att utvecklas vidare.
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Gustafsson, Johan, et Adam Östling. « Kulturens påverkan på marknadsföring - en fallstudie av UPS Dubai och UPS Sverige ». Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-2836.
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I vår allt mer globaliserade värld, som kännetecknas av ökad världshandel, integrerade ekonomier och landsgränser som suddas ut, krävs en allt större kunskap om hur länder skiljer sig åt. En marknad som på senare tid, då främst under 2000-talet, varit ledande när det gäller globalisering, teknologisk utveckling och inte minst inom byggsektorn är Dubai, Förenade Arabemiraten. Dubai har satsat enorma summor i turism och kommersialism, det i kombination med ett förmånligt skattesystem har gjort att många företag valt att söka sig till Dubai. Många av dem är tjänsteföretag och det går i linje med trenden att vi går mot en tjänsteekonomi. Denna bakgrund har lett uppsatsens författare till problemformuleringen: Hur påverkar kulturskillnader ett internationellt tjänsteföretags utformande av sin marknadsföring? Med utgångspunkt i marknadsförings- och kulturteorier är uppsatsens övergripande syfte att undersöka om det existerar skillnader och likheter i ett internationellt tjänsteföretags tillvägagångssätt att arbeta med marknadsföring i Sverige och i Dubai. Mer specifikt ska studien visa om det går att hänföra dessa likheter och skillnader till de kulturella differenser som råder länderna emellan. För att ge en ökad förståelse för motiv och orsaker till de strategiska val som respondenterna gör, kommer också en övergripande bild av marknadsföring i allmänhet i de respektive länderna att presenteras. Uppsatsen grundar sig på en kvalitativ ansats och intervjuer med tre anställda på UPS Dubai och två anställda på UPS Sverige. Slutsatserna av studien är att kultur har påverkan på utformandet av marknadsföringen. Faktorer som påverkar är bland annat hög- och lågkontext, språk, relationer, religion och osäkerhetsundvikande. Studien visar också marknadsföringsverktyg som påverkas, bland annat PR, annonsering, direktmarknadsföring och centralt producerad reklam.
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Olsson, Fredrik. « Konstruktion av UPS-modul ». Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1397.
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This master thesis describes the development of an UPS module. UPS is an acronym for Uninterruptable Power Supply. The UPS module has been developed at the company AerotechTelub AB. The UPS module delivers the necessary voltage and current in case of a power interrupt. If a power interrupt occur, the computer system has one to three minutes available to store data and shut down correctly.
The UPS module consists of two parallel systems. Every system is built out of four parts. Part one consists of batteries and safety circuits, part two charges the batteries, partthree is a control unit, and part four delivers the voltage and current. The delivered voltage is 5 V and the current is 4 A.
Tests and verifications showed that the UPS module could supply a computer system with power for about one minute. The tests have been performed in a lab at AerotechTelub AB.
The UPS module is supposed to be mounted in a cassette. The cassette is then inserted in the computer system through a hole in the chassis. Thereby an opening of the computer system is avoided when the module is connected.
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Rönkkö, Isabelle, et Malin Sefton. « Hårdvarustart-ups i uppskalningsprocessen ». Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-254546.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Under de senaste åren har det skett en signifikant ökning av antalet nyregistrerade företag i Sverige och denna trend är tydlig även inom tillverkningsindustrin. Samtidigt går en betydande andel av start-ups inom tillverkningsindustri i konkurs inom tre år. Utmaningarna att i en uppskalningsprocess gå från idé till volymproduktion liknas ibland med att ta sig igenom ”Dödens Dal”. En vanligt förekommande strategi för att klara denna resa är att företagen beslutar om att lägga ut hela eller delar av produktionen till en kontraktstillverkare – ofta i utlandet. Detta får både konsekvenser för det enskilda företaget och för Sverige som nation i form av förlorade produktionstillfällen. Med ambitionen att identifiera vilka orsaker som står bakom dessa beslut samt undersöka nuläget på den svenska scenen för tillverkande start-ups har denna studie syftet att identifiera vilka utmaningar som start-ups inom hårdvaruproduktion upplever i samband med en produktionsuppskalning. Vidare undersöker studien hur dessa utmaningar hanteras samt vilket stöd som kan underlätta processen. Den metod som ligger som grund för studien har en kvalitativ ansats med en datainsamling baserad på ett större antal djupintervjuer. Både start-ups samt experter med dokumenterad erfarenhet på området har intervjuats. Studiens resultat visar att en central utmaning i uppskalningsprocessen är bristen på kunskap inom produktionsrelaterade frågor. Denna brist tydliggörs i flertalet av de övriga utmaningar som identifierats. Utmaningarna kategoriseras som finansiering, marknadsanalys och förstudie, produktionskompetens och att bygga team, prototyputveckling,processförståelse samt leverantörer och tillverkare. Dessa utmaningar hanteras med en viss variation företagen emellan. Studien ger ett antal förslag om hur ett stöd kan utformas föratt underlätta processen. Genom att utveckla en stödfunktion som kan sprida kunskap och fungera som ett bollplank i produktionsrelaterade frågor kan flertalet av dessa utmaningar hanteras. Vidare kan studenter från produktionstekniska program både utgöra ett stöd iutvecklingen samt en bas för en senare rekrytering. Avslutningsvis kan en tjänst som tydliggör ledig kapacitet och befintliga resurser hos aktörer som leverantörer och tillverkare bidra till att minska avståndet mellan start-up och aktör.During recent years Sweden has seen a significant increase in the number of newly registered companies. This trend is also evident in the manufacturing industry. Concurrently, a significant part of these manufacturing start-ups file for bankruptcy within three years. Due to the challenges the ramp-up process, completing this phase is sometimes compared to crossing “the Valley of Death”. A common strategy for the ramp-up process is to use a contract manufacturer for the company’s production. These contract manufacturers are often located abroad and this results in consequences for the company, as well as lost production opportunities for Sweden. This study aims at identifying the main reasons why companies decide to locate their production abroad and to examine the current situation on the Swedish start-up scene. Furthermore, the purpose of this study to identify the challenges that start-ups face inrelation to ramping up their hardware production. An examination of how start-ups can tackle these challenges and which support they need in order to facilitate the ramp-upprocesses will be made. The method used in this study has a qualitative approach where several in-depth interviews has been carried out in order to collect data. Both start-ups and experts with documented experience in the hardware production area has been interviewed. The result of this study shows that a central challenge in the ramp-up process is a lack of production-related knowledge. This deficit is evident in numerous of the additional challenges that has been identified. These challenges are categorised as finance, marketan alysis and pilot study, competence within production and building a team, prototype development, understanding of the production processes and supplier and manufacturers. These challenges were handled with some variation between the different companies. The study provides a number of solutions and suggestions of actions that can facilitate the rampup process for hardware start-ups. The development of a support function with the purpose to pass on knowledge and work as a sounding board in production-related questions will help start-ups tackle many of the identified challenges. Furthermore, engineering students may provide support in the development and later become a source for recruitment to the company. Finally, a service that clarifies available capacity in existing manufacturing and supplier resources would shorten the gap between the manufacturers or the suppliers andthe start-up.
15
Eriksson, Emma. « Pesticide Screening Method with UPLC-MS/MS ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-105529.
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Conrad, Ulrich. « The calibration process in uPVC profile extrusion ». Thesis, Swansea University, 2003. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42910.
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Al-Mawsawi, Sayed Ali Abbas Ali. « Simulation and implementation of a PWM based UPFC ». Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8679.
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18
Wu, Xiaohe. « OPTIMAL UPFC CONTROL AND OPERATIONS FOR POWER SYSTEMS ». Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4462.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The content of this dissertation consists of three parts. In the first part, optimal control strategies are developed for Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) following the clearance of fault conditions. UPFC is one of the most versatile Flexible AC Transmission devices (FACTs) that have been implemented thus far. The optimal control scheme is composed of two parts. The first is an optimal stabilization control, which is an open-loop 'Bang' type of control. The second is an suboptimal damping control, which consists of segments of 'Bang' type control with switching functions the same as those of a corresponding approximate linear system. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is very effective in maintaining stability and damping out transient oscillations following the clearance of the fault. In the second part, a new power market structure is proposed. The new structure is based on a two-level optimization formulation of themarket. It is shown that the proposed market structure can easily find the optimal solutions for the market while taking factors such as demand elasticity into account. In the last part, a mathematical programming problem is formulated to obtain the maximum value of the loadibility factor, while the power system is constrained by steady-state dynamic security constraints. Aniterative solution procedure is proposed for the problem, and the solution gives a slightly conservative estimate of the loadibility limit for the generation and transmission system.Ph.D.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Electrical and Computer Engineering
19
PEREIRA, MARIA APARECIDA. « STUDY OF THE UPFC APPLIED TO LONG LINES ». PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1997. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=9045@1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORStudy of the UPCF applied to long lines O avanço da eletrônica de potência e de sua aplicação em Sistemas Elétricos de Potência proporcionaram uma nova tecnologia denominada FACTS - Flexilble AC Transmission Systems . Sob o conceito FACTS, encontram-se encontram-se equipamentos para a compensação da potência reativa, regulação de tensão e controle estático e dinâmico do fluxo de potência ativa em linhas de transmissão. Os equipamentos FACTS atualmente pesquisados vêm apresentando novas perspectivas de controle para os sistemas de potência até então não verificadas com o uso de compensadores convencionais. Dentre os equipamentos FACTS pesquisados está o Compensador Generalizado. O Compensador Generalizado oferece a possibilidade de um controle simultâneo e independente do fluxo de Potência ativa e das tensões nas barras do sistema. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é analisar o funcionamento do Compressor Generalizado em regime permanente aplicado a linhas longas. É avaliado sua situação operando numa linha de 2400 km. Dois casos extremos foram abordados: compensação sob carga nominal e compensação sob rejeição de carga. Os resultados obtidos com o Compensador Generalizado foram comparados com os resultados prévios obtidos através de uma compensação realizada com o uso de capacitores série e reatores em derivação. Desta forma, foram verificadas as vantagens oferecidas pelo Compensador Generalizado em relação a outros equipamentos e as possibilidades oferecidas aos sistema de transmissão face às novas alternativas de controle de fluxo de potência proporcionadas.
The improvement of power electronics and its application in Power Systems introduced a new technology denominated FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission Systems. The FACTS concept includes equipment for reactive compensation, voltage regulation and static and dynamic control of the active power flow in transmission lines. The FACTS equipment under recent researches is showing new perspectives for power systems controlling, which were not achieved with conventional compensators. Among the researched FACTS equipment, there is the Unified Power Flow Controller. The UPFC provides a simultaneous and independent control of the active power flow and the voltages in the system. The main objective of this study is to analyze the steady state operation of the UPFC applied to long lines, specially the case fo a 2400 km line. Two extreme cases are discussed: compensation under rated load and compensation under load rejection. The obtained results with the UPFC are compared with previous results from a compensation performed with series capacitors and shunt reactors. Thus, this study presents the advantages of the UPFC in regard of other equipment and the possibilities offered to the transmission systems due to the new provided alternatives for power flow controlling.
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Silveira, Jarbas Aryel Nunes da. « Gereciamento SNMP com autenticaÃÃo remota : aplicaÃÃo em UPSs ». Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2006. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2068.
Texte intégralRésumé :
nÃo hÃDevido ao crescente uso de computadores e a forte dependÃncia dos mesmos em vÃrias aplicaÃÃes, as UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies) vÃm adquirindo cada vez mais importÃncia. Estes dispositivos encontram-se muitas vezes dentro de um contexto de um sistema distribuÃdo, o que fortalece a necessidade de gerenciamento dos mesmos. Devido à grande utilizaÃÃo das UPS em computadores, e devido ao fato destes, por sua vez, estarem inseridos em um ambiente de redes TCP/IP, torna-se bastante viÃvel a idÃia de se usar um sistema de gerenciamento que seja compatÃvel com esse ambiente, e que faÃa uso de suas potencialidades. No presente trabalho à apresentado a implementaÃÃo de um sistema de gerenciamento SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) para UPS que possibilita o gerenciamento de um nÃmero arbitrÃrio de UPS, e que permite a autenticaÃÃo remota para gerentes, facilitando o uso para um maior nÃmero de dispositivos. Detalha-se a implementaÃÃo do sistema bem como os testes realizados. No final do trabalho à apresentada uma proposta para trabalhos futuros na Ãrea.
The reliability of a computer system is based not only on the computer itself, but also on its related power system. For that reason, more and more critical systems are counting on UPSs (Uninterruptible Power Supplies) to account for a continuous supply of power. Although the task of managing an UPS for a standalone system be quite straightforward, when it comes to computer distributed systems that task has to follow an equally distributed approach. Depending on the strategy used to manage that distributed UPS network, this task may be very complex. However, keeping in mind that most computer systems in a distributed architecture make use of TCP/IP to be logically connected, one could profit from the facilities provided by this protocol and design a management strategy that makes use of it. In fact, TCP/IP is not the only suite of protocols used to interconnect computer systems. SNMP (Single Network Management Protocol) is also frequently used as a way of managing (hardware and/or software) devices associated with computers. This dissertation proposes and implements a way of managing distributed UPSs by using SNMP, taking advantage of all the facilities furnished by the protocol. This works describes how the use of SNMP makes it possible to manage an arbitrarily number of UPSs remotely. This makes the design of UPS management systems a relatively easy task, and contributes to introduce a high degree of flexibility on the task of managing distributed UPSs. Finally, it is described how the system and tests were implemented as well as proposals for future work is presented.
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Silveira, Jarbas Aryel Nunes da. « Gereciamento SNMP com autenticação remota : aplicação em UPSs ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2006. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16141.
Texte intégralRésumé :
SILVEIRA, J. A. N. Gereciamento SNMP com autenticação remota: aplicação em UPSs. 2006. 148 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Teleinformática) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2006.Submitted by Marlene Sousa (mmarlene@ufc.br) on 2016-04-04T16:04:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_jansilveira.pdf: 1585798 bytes, checksum: b6f0a6d8b5b5b7f24d7720195e8211e4 (MD5)
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The reliability of a computer system is based not only on the computer itself, but also on its related power system. For that reason, more and more critical systems are counting on UPSs (Uninterruptible Power Supplies) to account for a continuous supply of power. Although the task of managing an UPS for a standalone system be quite straightforward, when it comes to computer distributed systems that task has to follow an equally distributed approach. Depending on the strategy used to manage that distributed UPS network, this task may be very complex. However, keeping in mind that most computer systems in a distributed architecture make use of TCP/IP to be logically connected, one could profit from the facilities provided by this protocol and design a management strategy that makes use of it. In fact, TCP/IP is not the only suite of protocols used to interconnect computer systems. SNMP (Single Network Management Protocol) is also frequently used as a way of managing (hardware and/or software) devices associated with computers. This dissertation proposes and implements a way of managing distributed UPSs by using SNMP, taking advantage of all the facilities furnished by the protocol. This works describes how the use of SNMP makes it possible to manage an arbitrarily number of UPSs remotely. This makes the design of UPS management systems a relatively easy task, and contributes to introduce a high degree of flexibility on the task of managing distributed UPSs. Finally, it is described how the system and tests were implemented as well as proposals for future work is presented.
Devido ao crescente uso de computadores e a forte dependência dos mesmos em várias aplicações, as UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supplies) vêm adquirindo cada vez mais importância. Estes dispositivos encontram-se muitas vezes dentro de um contexto de um sistema distribuído, o que fortalece a necessidade de gerenciamento dos mesmos. Devido à grande utilização das UPS em computadores, e devido ao fato destes, por sua vez, estarem inseridos em um ambiente de redes TCP/IP, torna-se bastante viável a idéia de se usar um sistema de gerenciamento que seja compatível com esse ambiente, e que faça uso de suas potencialidades. No presente trabalho é apresentado a implementação de um sistema de gerenciamento SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) para UPS que possibilita o gerenciamento de um número arbitrário de UPS, e que permite a autenticação remota para gerentes, facilitando o uso para um maior número de dispositivos. Detalha-se a implementação do sistema bem como os testes realizados. No final do trabalho é apresentada uma proposta para trabalhos futuros na área.
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Schilder, Dirk. « Smart Capital for Start-ups ». Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-0846717.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Unternehmensgründungen sind durch ein hohes Maß an Unsicherheit und durch eine häufige Notwendigkeit externer Beratung gekennzeichnet. Daher ist Smart Capital, als eine spezielle Finanzierungsform, die Kapital und Informationsflüsse in Form von Betreuung und Beratung verbindet, von besonderer Bedeutung für junge Unternehmen. Der empirische Teil der Dissertation analysiert die verschiedenen Typen von Finanziers, die als potentielle Anbieter von Smart Capital angesehen werden sowie regionale Einflüsse auf Finanzierungsbeziehungen im Rahmen von Smart Capital. Des Weiteren wird die Rolle der öffentlichen Hand auf dem Markt für Smart Capital untersucht. Die Analysen machen deutlich, dass viele verschiedene Typen von Finanziers als Anbieter von Smart Capital in Deutschland agieren. Regionale Nähe zwischen dem Investor und den finanzierten Unternehmen spielt dabei jedoch nur eine untergeordnete Rolle. Eine regionale Unterversorgung an Smart Capital für junge Unternehmen ist unter diesem Aspekt nicht zu befürchten. Des Weiteren zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass öffentlich geförderte Anbieter von Smart Capital ihre Förderfunktion im Wesentlichen erfüllen.
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Watson, Rachel. « La microenseñanza en la UPC ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/550127.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work reflects upon the use of the 'microlearning' technique in the teacher's
learning proccess. The experience of microlearning in UPC is developed as part of the
proccess of induction that 'Quality Education Department' (Departamento de Calidad
Educativa) gives to the new teachers. The results of the term 2006-02 of the analysis of
the 'teachers skills' in the microlearning are shown and the possibilities that this
technique offers are disscussed. This helps the new teachers to reinforce their
pedagogical skills and to understand and work under the Educational Model of the
UPC. At the same time it gives and accepts feedback so that the teacher can continue to
complement their pedagogical learning.El trabajo presenta una reflexión sobre el uso de la técnica de la microenseñanza en la formación de docentes. La experiencia de microenseñanza en la UPC se desarrolla como parte del proceso de inducción que el Departamento de Calidad Educativa brinda a los profesores nuevos. Se presentan los resultados del análisis de las Habilidades Docentes en las Microenseñanzas realizadas en el ciclo 2006-02 y se discute sobre las posibilidades de capacitación que brinda esta técnica, ayudando a los docentes nuevos a reforzar sus habilidades pedagógicas y alinearse al Modelo Educativo de la UPC. A su vez, otorga retroalimentación y permite brindar sugerencias para que el profesor pueda seguir formándose como pedagogo
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Valle, Camila, Gonzalo Castillo et Eduardo Flores. « Conversatorios Deportivos UPC : Alto Rendimiento ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657276.
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Machado, Daniela Tavares. « Exit strategies of start-ups ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7459.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em FinançasO objectivo deste estudo e inferir sobre os factores que conduzem a saida do mercado pelas start-ups, da perspectiva do individuo e da empresa. A literatura anterior tem-se apenas mais recentemente focado na saida como uma parte importante do ciclo economico e financeiro. No entanto, ha ainda um corpo estreito do pesquisa aplicado a pequenas empresas, ao contexto que integre fundador e start-up e a diferenciacao entre saida e morte ou falencia empresarial. Neste sentido, conduzimos uma analise multivariada para os diferentes acontecimentos: continuacao, liquidacao e venda, distinguindo entre saida voluntaria ou involuntaria de acordo com a performance da start-up, medida atraves do Altman s Z-Score. Inferimos sobre a influencia das caracteristicas do fundador e start-up no tipo de saida, usando dados financeiros de empresas e fundadores, que contem informacao unica e detalhada de 2004 a 2009. Os resultados obtidos indicam que a dimensao da start-up e equipa de fundadores, educacao do fundador, idade e genero masculino afectam positivamente a probabilidade de continuacao e venda e negativamente a de liquidacao. Os mais jovens fundadores tem mais probabilidade de abandonarem os seus empreendimentos enquanto os mais velho tem menores probabilidade de liquidacao. Consistente com literatura antecedente, as start-ups de maior tamanho e com fundadores com maior nivel de educacao tem menos probabilidade de se liquidarem.
The aim of this study is to infer the factors that lead to start-up exit from the individual and firm perspective. Previous literature has only more recently focused on exit as an important part of the business and economic cycle. However, there is still a thin body of research applied to small companies, a framework of both founder and start-up exit and the differentiation between venture exit and death/bankruptcy. Regarding this, we conduct a multinomial analysis for different outcomes: continuation, liquidation and sale and distinguish between voluntary and distress exit, based on venture performance., which is measured using Altman?s Z-Score. We infer on the influence of start-up and founder characteristics, on the type of exit, using Portuguese firm-level financial data with the matched employer-employee database that contains unique and detailed information on start-ups and founders from 2004 to 2009. Our results indicate that the size of the start-up and funding team, founder education, age and male gender positively impact the probability of continuation and sale and negatively impact liquidation. Younger founders are more likely to leave than to continue their ventures and older founders have lower odds of liquidation. Consistent with previous literature, bigger start-ups with more knowledgeable founders are less likely to liquidate.
26
Gasparim, Elizabeth. « Fibrados Holomórficos sobre blow-ups ». Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/95997.
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Quispe, Farfán Percy Hugo. « UPC Exportador 2020. Exportación Digital ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653049.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Los nuevos procedimientos aduaneros en la era de la aceleración y transformación digital. El profesor Percy Quispe nos explica los cambios en este nuevo procedimiento, las ventajas, las desventajas y las oportunidades de mejora para ser una aduana de clase mundial.
28
Campusano, Deckner. « UPC Exportador 2020. Importación Digital ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653050.
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Escardó, Cuglievan Rodrigo, et Sánchez María Osores. « Residencia universitaria para la UPC ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273368.
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30
Kursun, Fatih <1994>. « Mobile phone industry start ups ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15495.
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Eléspuru, Briceño Liliana. « Visibilidad de la producción intelectual y académica de la UPC : 1er Encuentro Docente UPC Online 2013 ». Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/299466.
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Covas, Jose A. C. G. « Processing of UPVC in single and twin screw extruders ». Thesis, Loughborough University, 1985. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11942.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The processing characteristics of PVC compounds play a major role on the ability of the equipment to control the final properties of the product. Therefore, information on the effect of processing conditions on such characteristics. and its influence on the final properties can lead to an optimization of the extrusion process. In this work. a statistically based experimental design was used in order to investigate the role of the operating conditions on the extrusion of a simple lead based PVC formulation. Both a single and a twin screw extruder were used - they were instrumented, and data collected by computer. A die was designed for the formulation used. with both shear and extensional flows being taken into account. These experiments produced both core samples along the screw(s) and final products with varying states of fusion. The fusion mechanism on processing was monitored with the help of electron and light microscopy techniques. thermal analysis and density measurements. In both types of extruders the primary particles were found to fuse well before the grains, but the overall mechanism differs for each type of machine. An experimental technique was developed for the study of the Residence Time (RT) and Residence Time Distribution (RTD) of the material in the processing equipment. These functions were related to the operating conditions and compared with the available models for extrusion. The degree of fusion of the processed products was assessed by rheology and thermal analysis. A range of mechanical properties, relevant to the general end - use of rigid PVC formulations. was analysed: flexural. tensile and impact properties were found to be directly related with fusion level. Hardness, measured using a newly developed apparatus. proved to be a potential technique for the degree of gelation of PVC formulations.
33
Bertilsson, Sarah. « Glycanmapping of glycoproteins with UPLC-FLR-MALDI/TOF-MS ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Analytisk kemi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-228040.
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Rogers, C. D. F. « The response of buried uPVC pipes to surface loading ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.353928.
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Kiška, Roman. « Stanovení přesnosti měření souřadnicového měřicího stroje Zeiss UPMC Carat ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442852.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of this diploma thesis is to create a comprehensive study of measurement accuracy of coordinate measuring machine (hereinafter CMM) Zeiss UPMC 850 Carat S-ACC (hereinafter Zeiss Carat) for the needs of the national metrological institute in Brno in accordance with ČSN EN ISO / IEC 17025 and the follow-up system standards of the ČSN EN ISO 10360 series. Additionally, it includes the creation of instructions for the calculation of measurement uncertainty, which will be put into effect in an accredited calibration laboratory. The first part of the work focuses on the description of the current state of knowledge and the definition of basic concepts in the field of metrology and accurate measurements on CMM. The second part describes the Zeiss Carat measuring machine, identifies the individual contributors to the resulting measurement uncertainty and defines the methodology for their quantification. The last part deals with the evaluation of calibration data and the calculation of the expanded measurement uncertainty of the Zeiss Carat instrument, which is used to quantify its accuracy.
36
Carlström, Fabian. « Blow-ups and orders of vanishing ». Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103022.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We study blow-ups and their relation to orders of vanishing in algebraic geometry. In particular, we study the exceptional divisor and the strict transform of a blow-up. We use the order of vanishing to measure the severity of singularities, and show that if we blow up a closed point on a hypersurface we obtain points of equal order above it.
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Bengtsson, Tobias, et Håkan Hult. « Combining Solar Energy and UPS Systems ». Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148042.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Solar Power and Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) are two technologies that are growing rapidly. The demand for solar energy is mainly driven by the trend towards cheaper solar cells, making it economically profitable for a larger range of applications. However, solar power has yet to reach grid parity in many geographical areas, which makes ways to reduce the cost of solar power systems important. This thesis investigates the possibility and potential economic synergies of combining solar power with UPS systems, which have been previously researched only from a purely technical point of view. This thesis instead evaluates the hypothesis that a combined solar and UPS system might save additional costs compared to regular grid-tied systems, even in a stable power grid. The primary reason is that on-line UPS systems rectifies and inverts all electricity, which means that solar energy can be delivered to the DC part of the UPS system instead of an AC grid, avoiding the installation of additional inverters in the solar power system. The study is divided into three parts. The first part is a computer simulation using MATLAB, which has an explorative method and aims to simulate a combined system before experimenting physically with it. The second part consists of experiments on a physical prototype system based on basic UPS and solar power components. The third part is an economical assessment of investment costs and energy balances, comparing two separate systems (UPS and solar power separate) to one combined (UPS & solar power). The results from the prototype system show that adding solar power to an UPS system does not interfere with the UPS functionality in any major way, however for optimal performance some additional integration may be necessary. On the contrary, the additional power terminal that the solar panels constitute, can increase system performance during certain operational conditions. The result of the economic analysis shows that a combined system has potential for both a lower investment cost due to cheaper components and increased energy savings through lower conversion losses. The conclusion from the study is that a combined solar energy and UPS system is technically feasible. Furthermore, a combined system has clear economic advantages over two separate systems. This means that a combined system might be economically profitable even in situations where a separate system is not.Solenergi och avbrottsfri kraftförsörjning (UPS) är två tekniker som växer snabbt. Efterfrågan på solenergi ökar huvudsakligen på grund av den snabba utvecklingen mot billigare solceller, vilket lett till att solenergi blivit lönsamt i en större mängd applikationer. I många områden är solenergi dock fortfarande inte kostnadsmässigt konkurrenskraftigt jämfört med traditionella energikällor, vilket gör en fortsatt sänkning av kostnaderna för solenergi till en viktig fråga för solenergiindustrin. Detta examensarbete har som syfte att undersöka om det är tekniskt möjligt att kombinera solenergi med UPS-system samt potentialen för ekonomiska synergier med denna kombination. Tidigare forskning inom området har endast undersökt denna kombination från en rent teknisk synvinkel. Detta examensarbete driver istället hypotesen att ett kombinerat solenergi- och UPS-system kan leda till större kostnadsbesparingar jämfört med ett traditionellt nätanslutet solenergisystem, även i ett stabilt elnät som i Sverige. En on-line UPS skyddar en känslig last genom att kontinuerligt likrikta och sedan åter växelrikta inkommande ström för att därmed både isolera lasten från nätet samt höja strömkvalitén. I UPS-systemet finns därmed en likströmsdel dit solpanelerna direkt kan kopplas istället för att skicka den genererade solenergin ut på elnätet. Därmed undviks inköp och installation av sol-växelriktare i solenergisystemet. Studien är uppdelad i tre delar. Första delen är en datorsimulering i MATLAB och syftar till att explorativt undersöka det kombinerade systemet för en optimerad design innan fysiska experiment utförs. Den andra delen av studien utgörs av experiment på ett fysiskt prototypsystem baserat på ett principiellt UPS- och solenergisystem. Den tredje delen av studien är en ekonomisk analys av både investeringskostnader och energibalanser som jämför ett kombinerat system (UPS & sol) med två separata system (UPS & sol separat). Resultaten från prototypsystemet visar att påkopplandet av solceller i en principiell UPS har mycket låg påverkan på UPS-systemets funktionalitet, samt att solcellerna som en extra energikälla under vissa driftförhållanden kan ha en positiv påverkan på UPS-systemet. För optimal prestanda kan dock en viss integration av systemen krävas. Resultatet från den ekonomiska analysen visar att ett kombinerat system har potential att sänka investeringskostnaden genom billigare komponenter. Ett kombinerat system kan även leda till en högre energibesparing jämfört med ett nätanslutet solenergisystem eftersom konverteringsförlusterna i UPS-systemet sjunker i det kombinerade systemet. Slutsatsen av studierna är att ett kombinerat solenergi- och UPS-system är tekniskt möjligt. Dessutom finns betydande ekonomiska synergier med ett kombinerat system. Detta innebär att ett kombinerat system kan vara lönsamt även i fall där ett separat solelsystem inte är det.
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Junuzovski, Edib, et Jari Yli-Hukka. « UPS-system i SÄS Byggnad 7 ». Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19222.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Syftet med detta examensarbete var att beräkna vad det kostar att ha UPS-kraft (Uninterruptible Power Supply). Arbetet utfördes för Västfastigheter på Södra Älvsborgs Sjukhus (SÄS) i Borås. Studien utfördes på en UPS i drift i byggnad 7. UPS: en i denna byggnad har 10 kVA kapacitet och är av dubbelkonverterande typ. Batterier av Ni-Cd (Nickel-Kadmium) typ används till backup med UPS: en. UPS av dubbelkonverterande typ är känd för att skapa mycket övertoner, men är fördelaktig för dess skyddande förmåga mot spänningsspikar.Mätningar har gjorts för att beräkna kostnadsberäkningarna. Ytterligare hjälp har fåtts i form av räkningar och UPS-leverantörer (Ups-teknik och Eurotech AB).Uppsatsnivå: C
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Nair, Ganesh R. « Acquisition of medical device start-ups ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37978.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (S.M.)--Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaf [39]).
Introduction: In the medical device space, a large proportion of the breakthrough inventions are developed by small firms that use private equity to bring their technologies from concept to varying stages of development. Medical Device companies spend a large proportion (11.4 % in 2002) of their sales on R&D, second only to Pharmaceutical companies. Smaller companies, in the meanwhile, spent 343 % of their sales in the same year'. [The Lewin Group (AdvaMed), 2004]. Private Equity financing is a critical factor that enables small start-ups to develop new technologies without a viable revenue stream to support the necessary R&D expenditure. In the medical device space, it has been noted that Venture Capital firms (VC's) use high risk capital to invest in early stage companies, and look for "exits" through either an Initial Public Offering (IPO) or through the sale of the start-up to an established firm. Corporations are also involved in varying degrees in early venture investments, through what is sometimes called Corporate Venture Capital (CVC), mainly for strategic reasons. Through CVC investments, some corporations hope, that as an insider, they would be able to judge better whether a particular company is a good target for acquisition. In this paper I review the exits through acquisition, from the perspective of venture backed start-ups, and hypothesize that factors related to the nature of investors, the type of investment, the impact of capital markets and the Intellectual Property of the company are associated with a higher exit valuation.
Ganesh R. Nair.
S.M.
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Van, Papendorp J. F. « Digital control of line-interactive UPS ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6537.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The digital control of UPS systems has been difficult in the past due to a lack of DSP technology. It was for this reason not possible to establishing the necessary control to regulate the voltages and currents of the UPS systems. Recent advances in DSP technology have however provided the means of establishing central control of the UPS system as well as incorporating more complex closed-loop control algorithms by utilising a single floating-point DSP. Closed-loop control strategies are investigated and the central control of a line-interactive UPS is established in this study. Both the status of the physical system as well as various system parameters are controlled. The system both regulates and charges the storage batteries when the main utility supply is maintained. In the event that the utility fails, the converter instantaneously changes power flow towards the load with the aim of maintaining an uninterrupted voltage supply. Several closed-loop deadbeat based control strategies are investigated for the regulation of the inductor current. A solution for the regulation of the DC-link is also developed and implemented. Furthermore, an intensive study is done on the regulation of the voltage supplied to the load in the event that the utility supply fails. The investigation is initially approached by considering classical control theory. Although these control strategies provided sufficient results, a predictive strategy that is based on the physical conditions of the switching converter is finally investigated to establish closed loop control of the output voltage. This resulted in a high-bandwidth voltage controller capable of maintaining control under a wide-array of load conditions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die digitale beheer van UPS stelsels was moeilik in the verlede as gevolg van 'n gebrek aan DSP tegnologie. Dit was vir hierdie rede nie moontlik om beheer te kon bewerkstelling ten einde die spannings and strome in the UPS stelsels te kon reguleer nie. Onlangse vordering in DSP tegnologie het egter dit moontlik gemaak om sentrale beheer van die UPS stelsel te bewerkstellig sowel as om meer komplekse geslote lus beheer algoritmes te inkorporeer met behulp van 'n enkele DSP. Geslote lus beheer strategiëe word ondersoek en die sentrale beheer van die line-interaktiewe UPS word bewerkstellig in hierdie studie. Beide die huidige toestand van die fisiese stelsel sowel as die verskeie parameters word beheer. Die stelsel beide laai en reguleer die batterye terwyl die hooftoevoer onderhou word. In die geval dat die hooftoevoer faal, word die omsetter se rigting van drywingsvloei verander om die las te voorsien van 'n ononderbroke spannings toevoer. Verskeie geslote-lus “deadbeat” beheer strategiëe word ondersoek vir die regulasie van die induktor stroom. 'n Oplossing vir die regulasie van die GS-koppervlak word ook ontwikkel en geïmplementeer. Verder word 'n intensiewe studie gedoen op regulasie van die spanning wat aan die las gevoer word in die geval dat die hooftoevoer faal. Hierdie ondersoek word aanvanklik benader deur klassieke beheer teorie te bestudeer. Alhoewel hierdie beheer strategiëe voldoene resultate gebied het, was 'n voorspel beheerstrategie gebaseer op die fisiese toestand van die omsetter finaal ondersoek. Die resultaat is 'n hoë-bandwydte spannings beheerder wat daartoe instaat is om beheer te handhaaf onder 'n verskeidenheid van lastoestande.
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Lima, Elaine Janine Martins de. « Determinants of start-ups capital structure ». Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7377.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Mestrado em FInançasO objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os determinantes mais relevantes da estrutura de capital inicial de novas empresas, através do desenvolvimento de um estudo empírico. A estrutura de capital tem sido a ser um dos temas mais controversos na literatura financeira. Embora haja uma grande quantidade de estudos empíricos e teóricos sobre este tema, não há ainda acordo na escolha da estrutura ótima de capital. Grande parte dos estudos concentra-se em empresas estabelecidas, negligenciando o tema das novas empresas. Recentemente, final dos anos 90, estudos sobre a estrutura de capital começaram a abordar o tema start-ups e pequenas empresas. Neste sentido, combinando dados financeiros de empresas e dados do fundador, que contêm informações detalhadas sobre as start-ups Portuguesas ao longo do período 2004 a 2009, a influência de fatores como o tamanho, a estrutura de ativos, o crescimento e as características dos fundadores na estrutura de capital inicial de start-ups foram analisadas. Os resultados confirman a hipótese de que o tamanho e a estrutura de ativos têm um impacto positivo sobre a estrutura de capital das start-ups, enquanto que o crescimento tem uma relação negativa. Esses resultados são consistentes com a teoria do pecking order que refere os problemas de assimetria de informação e a teoria do trade-off que refere os problemas de agência. O nível de significância e o impacto das características dos fundadores, nomeadamente a experiência no setor, regional e empresarial, educação, idade e género na estrutura de capital inicial das start-ups varia muito, não fornecendo resultados consistentes.
The objective of this paper is to analyze the most relevant determinants of new ventures initial capital structure, by developing an empirical study. Capital Structure has been one of the most controversial issues in financial literature during the past years. Although exists an enormous amount of empirical and theoretical studies on this topic, there is no agreement in choosing the optimal capital structure. Much of the existing research focuses on established firms, neglecting the field of entrepreneurial finance. Only recently, in the late 90s, the studies on capital structure were extended to start-ups and small firms. Concerning this, by combining Portuguese firm-level financial data with the matched employer-employee database, that contains unique and detailed information about the start-ups during the period 2004 to 2009, the influence of factors such as size, asset structure, growth orientation and owners' characteristics on start-ups initial capital structure were examined. The results support the hypotheses that size and asset structure have a positive impact on start-ups initial capital structure, while growth have a negative relation. These results are also consistent with the pecking order theory that incorporates information asymmetries issues and the trade-off theory with the agency problems. The level of significance and impact of owners' characteristics such as industry experience, regional experience, entrepreneurial experience, education, age and gender on start-ups initial capital structure varies widely, not providing consistent results.
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Ferrer, Cárdenas Felipe. « Facultad de Arquitectura de la UPC ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/273294.
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Krátká, Tereza. « Optimalizace nákupního procesu ve společnosti UPC ». Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124587.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The thesis is focused of finding a suitable space for set up and apply a new form of electronic auction and introduction a system of suppliers evaluation to the company UPC Czech republic, Ltd. These touls should lead to optimize the whole purchasing process of the company. The thesis included performance of methods and techniques to successfully management of selected activities in the organization and contains the description of all the current purchasing process.
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Mohr, Daniel A. « Erfolgsfaktoren deutscher Start-ups in China ». Berlin wvb, Wiss. Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990769291/04.
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Bravo, Moral José Manuel. « Planificación estratégica para UPC desarrollos inmobiliarios ». Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2019. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/172641.
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Wu, Cárdenas Carolina. « Facultad de Música de la UPC ». Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/593067.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La Facultad de Música de la UPC plantea insertarse en la trama del trazado propio de la sede principal de la UPC. Se encuentra conectada al edificio actual mediante un eje peatonal y subterráneo. Además, busca proveer a la comunidad de un espacio público vivo a través de anfiteatros y plazas que generan dinámicas de actividades al interior del terreno. El proyecto enfatiza la funcionalidad y genera las condiciones acústicas necesarias en los ambientes de aprendizaje y refuerza los espacios de recreación privados de los alumnos.Tesis
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Vajrapu, Rakesh Guptha, et Sravika Kothwar. « Software Requirements Prioritization Practices in Software Start-ups : A Qualitative research based on Start-ups in India ». Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-15967.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Context: Requirements prioritization is used in software product management and is concerned with identifying the most valuable requirements from a given set. This is necessary to satisfy the needs of customers, to provide support for stakeholders and more importantly for release planning. Irrespective of the size of the organization (small, medium and large), requirements prioritization is important to minimize the risk during development. However, few studies explore how requirements prioritization is practiced in start-ups. Software start-ups are becoming important suppliers of innovative and software-intensive products.Earlier studies suggest that requirements discovery and validation is the core activity in start-ups. However, due to limited resources, start-ups need to prioritize on what requirements to focus. If they do it wrong it leads to wasted resources.While larger organizations may afford such waste, start-ups cannot.Moreover, researchers have identified that start-ups are not small versions of large companies and the existing software development practices cannot be transferred directly due to low rigor in current studies.Thus, we planned to conduct an exploratory study on requirements prioritization practices in the context of software start-ups. Objectives: The main aim of our study is to explore the state-of-art of requirements prioritization practices used in start-ups.We also identify the challenges associated with the corresponding practices and few possible solutions. Methods: In this qualitative research, we conduct a literature review by referring to many article sources like IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify the prioritization practices and challenges in general. An interview study is conducted by using semi-structured interviews to collect data from practitioners.Thematic analysis was used to analyze the interview data. Results: We have identified 15 practices from 8 different start-ups companies with corresponding challenges and possible solutions. Our results show mixed reviews in terms of the prioritization practices at start-ups. From the total of 8 companies about 6 companies followed formal methods while in the remaining 2 companies, prioritization was informal and not clear. The results show that value-based method is the dominant prioritization technique in start-ups. The results also show that customer input and return on investment aspects of prioritization play a key role when compared to other aspects. Conclusions: The results of this study provide an understanding of the various requirements prioritization practices in start-ups and challenges faced in implementing them.These results are validated from the answers found in the literature. The solutions identified for the corresponding challenges allow the practitioners to approach them in a better way. As this study focused only on Indian software start-up companies, it is recommended to extend to Swedish software start-up companies as well to get a broader perspective. Scaling of sample size is also recommended. This study may help future research on requirements engineering in start-ups. It may also help practitioners who have an intention to begin a software start-up company to get an idea of what challenges they may face while prioritizing requirements and can use these solutions to mitigate them.
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Smirat, Daniel. « Financial aspects facing start-ups during the go-to-market phase : Case studies of Swedish start-ups ». Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69514.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Swedish start-ups seem to efficiently develop new products and services but less successful when it comes to taking them to the market and launching them globally. This research aims to address this gap through investigating Swedish start-ups. In light of this problem, the author argues that there is a need for increasing knowledge regarding the financial success factors and challenges facing Swedish start-ups in the go-to-market phase. The research question is thus: What are the significant challenges and success factors affecting the financing of Swedish start-ups during the go-to-market phase? Four major challenges facing start-ups during the go-to-market phase are identified. These are lack ofsufficient capital,lack of support from the banking sector, lack of support from the regional public leveland, finally, regulations and legal issues. On the other hand, four success factors have been identified, which are support from private investors, shared financial private/public risk, efficient internal operationsand non-traditional financing methods. In order to facilitate the go-to-market financing, it is recommended that start-ups be established in a business incubator environment in order to have access to investor networks and other financial support. Besides, having investors with financial experience in the start-up boards increases the chances of success in the go-to-market phase. The banking sector in Sweden should also play a bigger role in the strategic issues in order to accelerate the start-up’s growth. For further studies, more knowledge regarding the underlying motivations of private capitalists, public funders and loan lenders is desirable. Furthermore, the business incubator’s role in facilitating the financing of start-ups and understanding how start-ups in different sectors should act to increase the rate of success are two important areas for future studies. Keywords: start-ups, go-to-market, financing, growth, early growth, success factors
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Hajijafarassar, Shima. « UPLC-MS determination of selected compounds in foods and plasma ». Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.527929.
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Fadrhonsová, Ivana. « Stanovení sibiromycinu metodou UPLC ». Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-285852.
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Sibiromycin is produced by actinomycetes of Streptosporangium sibiricum and structurally belongs to family of pyrrolo-1,4-benzodiazepines. Sibiromycin is characterized by antibacterial and especially antitumor activity but due to its proved cardiotoxicity it cannot be used. The following research of possible therapeutic sibiromycin utilization is concerned on new nontoxic derivatives produced by genetic manipulated strains of S. sibiricum. For this purpose a new routine chromatographic UPLC-UV method with analyte preconcentration was developed and partially validated. A fermentation broth was extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE) on OASIS MCX columns with the sorbent based on a cation-exchange. Eluted extract was evaporated, reconstituted in methanol and loaded onto UPLC BEH C18 column and analyzed under gradient mode with mobile phases of methanol (A) and trifluoroacetic acid (B). Detection limit of the method was determined as 40 ng/ml, the recovery was 74.75 % and its reproducibility expressed as RSD was 5.18 %. The method was applied to comparison of sibiromycin production by S. sibiricum on 13 different fermentation media. It was found, that a composition of fermentation media influences not only the sibiromycin production but also a synthesis of sibiromycin nature derivatives, which were...