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1
Moretti, Elena. « Upper Limits on High Energy emissions from GRB ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3721.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2008/2009The intense and unpredictable flashes of gamma rays in the energy band (10 keV – 1 MeV), called Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB), were discovered in the late 60's. Since then several experiments were dedicated to detect and understand these phenomena. Up to now, we do not have yet a complete explanation for the GRB progenitors and their emission mechanism. In the first phase, the so-called prompt phase, lasting from few ms to tens of seconds, these bursts emit mainly in the band from hard-X to soft gamma. In a longer second phase, called afterglow, the GRB emission ranges from the radio frequencies to the X-ray band. The hard gamma band (>50 MeV), both in the prompt and in the afterglow phase, was poorly explored until the gamma-ray experiment EGRET flown on the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory (CGRO). Nevertheless EGRET detected only 5 GRBs in the band >200 MeV in 7 years of operation. Nowadays 2 gamma-ray experiments AGILE and Fermi/LAT are currently in operation. The number of detected burst with emitted energy >50 MeV is already more than duplicated by these two missions. The two experiments are based on the same high energy gamma-ray detection technique so these two experiments are similar: their core is made of a silicon tracker with tungsten conversion layers, surrounded by a plastic scintillator to veto cosmic-ray particles events. Below the tracker, a calorimeter provides the measure of the energy of the produced pairs. The main differences between the experiments are the larger effective area of the Fermi/LAT (~10 times larger) and its deeper calorimeter. On board of the satellites that host LAT and AGILE there are other 2 experiments respectively: the Fermi/GBM dedicated to the GRB science in the 8 keV-40 MeV band and the SuperAGILE that is a X-ray detector operational in the 18-60 keV band. Fermi/GBM, SuperAGILE and the Mini Calorimeter in the AGILE mission can independently trigger on a burst event respectively in the energy band (8 keV – 40 MeV), (18-60 keV) and (0.3-100 MeV). Their FoV is quite different however, ranging from 2 sr for SuperAGILE to almost 4 sr for MiniCalorimeter and 6 sr for FermiGBM. If the burst, triggered by these instruments or by other missions, is in the field of view of one of the two gamma-ray detectors a high energy signal is searched. In the AGILE pipeline the GRB signal is searched in the burst prompt time interval. During this time interval both background and signal are supposed to follow a Poisson distribution and the signal to be non-negative. The background average rate is computed before the burst trigger, in the same signal extraction region (15deg from the GRB position), with the same analysis cuts and in a time interval at least 10 times longer than the signal duration. Instead in the Fermi/LAT pipeline a map of the test statistic variable is computed. The test statistic distribution indicates how much the data differ from the background model used. In this thesis the non-detection cases are considered: a methodology for the computation of the upper limit on the signal is proposed. This method is based on the Bayesian statistics and was elaborated from Helene in 1984 (Helene, O. 1984, Nuclear Instruments and Methods 228, 120), it considers a Poisson fluctuation of the known background mean and of the estimated signal in the region of interest. The applications of this upper limit computing method to the AGILE and the Fermi/LAT data are also showed deriving upper limit on GRB flux. The AGILE energy coverage is smaller but starts from lower energy with respect the actual Fermi/LAT energy band. In the AGILE energy range above 30 MeV and till 2 GeV, the estimated GRB flux upper limits range between 1x10-3 and 1x10-2 ph s-1cm-2. Instead the Fermi/LAT flux upper limit is roughly 5x10-5 ph s-1cm-2 in the energy range from 100 MeV to 100 GeV. The studies of the upper limits help to understand the GRB emission mechanisms: most of these bursts are not detected in the highest energy band even if the extrapolation of their spectra from the low energy band predicts a detectable flux from those two instruments. On the other case there are some GRBs with low energy spectra predicting a non detectable H.E. flux but with high energy photons clearly detected. These photons indicate the existence of a new component above 100 MeV in the GRB photon spectrum extending up to the GeV region. This thesis gives a new contribution on the computation of the upper limits on the GRB flux in both the gamma-ray experiments operating nowadays. The thesis will concentrate in particular on the study of the upper limits in the interesting cases, when a high energy signal is predicted but not detected, giving some interesting hints on the GRB source physics.
1982
2
Livas, Jeffrey C. (Jeffrey Clark). « Upper limits for gravitational radiation from some astrophysical sources ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/123082.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 1987.Title as it appeared in Massachusetts Institute of Technology Graduate List: Upper limits on gravitational radiation from some astrophysical sources.
Bibliography: leaves 155-159.
by Jeffrey Clark Livas.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 1987.
3
Ceccotti, Emilio. « Upper limits on the 21 cm power spectrum from the epoch of reionization ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/20004/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this Thesis work, we analyse 21cm line observations taken with the Precision Array to Probe the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) in the 120-180MHz range (6
4
Sellerholm, Alexander. « Cosmological dark matter and the isotropic gamma-ray background measurements and upper limits / ». Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Physics, Stockholm University, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-38900.
Texte intégral
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Macdonald, Erin Patricia. « From upper limits to detection : continuous gravitational waves in the advanced detector era ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3608/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis concerns continuous gravitational wave signals from non-axisymmetric neutron stars and ground-based interferometric detectors. These detectors are currently being upgraded and this thesis explores relevant issues and methods to prepare for the advanced detector era. A study into sensitivity dependence on the addition of a southern hemisphere detector for a targeted continuous wave search is first presented. Next, we study the effect of close and/or high velocity neutron stars on the ability of a blind, all-sky search to make a detection. Initial results from a narrowband search for signals from the Crab Pulsar and a blind hardware injected signal are then presented. Finally, we describe the development and initial implementation of a large-scale mock data challenge designed to test current continuous wave algorithms to explore various issues before we enter the advanced detector era.
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Sylvestre, Julien 1976. « Upper limits for galactic transient sources of gravitational radiation from LIGO first observations ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29933.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-151).
A complete, scalable prototype analysis system for the observation of gravitational wave bursts with a network of interferometric detectors is designed and tested. This system detects localized transients in the gravitational wave data streams from two independent detectors using a time-frequency algorithm, applies veto conditions on these transients based on auxiliary channels, and looks for significant coincidences between the surviving transients from the two detectors. The analysis system was optimized for setting rate upper limits on three populations of astronomical sources, using preliminary data from the LIGO Project (the E7 Engineering Run data). The three classes of sources were core collapses, bar-mode instabilities in neutron stars, and equal-mass black hole binary coalescences, and a 95% confidence rate upper limit of 2 per hour was set, for sources uniformly distributed within a distance of 6 pc, 950 pc, and 3.2 kpc from the Earth, respectively. A detailed discussion of the character of the noise in the data used to derive these limits shows that a network of interferometers including the instruments of the GEO, LIGO and VIRGO Projects should attain a 50% detection efficiency for these sources out to distances of 40 kpc, 1 Mpc and 40 Mpc, respectively, for a false alarm rate giving expected upper limits of 6, 0.6, and 2. 10-4 per year per galaxy, respectively, for a full year of observation.
by Julien Sylvestre.
Ph.D.
7
Burton, Ross E. « Upper Limits on the Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray Flux from Unresolved Sources ». Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1323452264.
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Joshi, Kanchan A. « Upper thermal limits differ among component species in a host-parasitoid-hyperparasitoid system ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2016. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4454.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Among the predicted impacts associated with global climate change, warming is of special interest because the rates of physiological processes are temperature-dependent. Insects and other ectotherms are likely to be affected due to their limited ability to control body temperature. In this study, I measured the tolerance to extreme high temperatures, i.e., critical thermal maximum (CTmax), of component species in a tri-trophic system, including an herbivore (Manduca sexta), a primary larval parasitoid (Cotesia congregata) and a hyperparasitoid (genus Silochalcis). For wild insects, the parasitoid had the lowest CTmax, the hyperparasitoid had the highest, and the herbivore was intermediate. For laboratory insects, the parasitoid had a lower CTmax than the herbivore. Results suggest that laboratory colonies can be used to predict relative thermal performance of interacting species in the field. Variations in tolerance to high temperature among component species could disrupt the outcome of interactions in multi-trophic systems.
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Flodin, Mikael. « Determining upper limits on galactic ETI civilizations transmitting continuous beacon signals in the radio spectrum ». Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-266824.
Texte intégral
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Csigi, Kálmán K. XIV. « UPPER THERMAL LIMITS VARY AMONG AND WITHIN NATIVE BEE SPECIES IN RELATION TO SEASON, VOLTINISM, AND NEST TYPE ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5864.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Native bees are only recently gaining attention for the extent to which they aid in pollination and ecosystem services. These services are threatened by predictions of warming temperatures if bees are not able to respond. Voltinism - the number of generations produced annually- can strongly influence thermal conditions experienced by both developing and adult bees based on emergence strategies for each voltinism type. Differences in experienced thermal conditions brought on by climate change could therefore affect upper thermal limits (UTL) in bees. This study observes UTLs across a foraging season within and among native bee species vi to elucidate the potential response by bees to a warming climate. Bees were collected across the field season in Central Virginia and subjected to dynamic ramping trials to determine the fatal knockdown point (FKP). Results show in both univoltine and multivoltine bees an increase in upper thermal tolerance as the foraging season progresses (in quadratic and linear fashions respectively). Within multivoltine bees, FKP was related to nest type; with stem-nesting bees having the highest FKP. All average FKPs were higher than historic air temperatures of the study region, but within several degrees of the highest recorded maximum temperature. The diversity of responses in native bees provides evidence for both genetic and plastic responses to extreme temperature. While bees still face a potential myriad of other issues brought on by climate change, the observed increases in FKP across warming temperatures offer tentatively hopeful predictions for limited physiological responses in native bees to a warming climate
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Drost, Helen E. « Upper thermal limits and acclimation potential of Arctic cod (Boreogadus saida) : a key food web species in the Arctic Ocean ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61104.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The recent rapid and unprecedented changes to the physical and biogeochemical properties of the Arctic Ocean have gained worldwide attention. The greater than 50% reduction in sea ice volume below average is of great concern. My thesis investigates the potential effects of a warmer Arctic Ocean upon the indigenous Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida. This fish make up a significant proportion of the lower trophic energy reserve available in Arctic marine systems. Predators rely upon Arctic cod to provide them bite sized access to those critical energy reserves. Yet despite their key role in the Arctic food web, their upper thermal limits are not well studied. Thus, my three objectives were: a) quantify, for the first time in this species, their upper thermal limits b) determine the acclimation potential of the species at three acclimation temperatures and c) contrast the results generated by different methods that quantify thermal limits for declining physiological performance (rate transition temperatures) that I determined.
Boreogadus saida upper thermal limits were tested under acute warming conditions using three different methods: loss of equilibrium (Tcmax), absolute aerobic scope (AAS) derived from oxygen uptake rates and the cardiac method, which uses maximum heart rate (ƒHmax) to detect change in whole animal performance. In conducting the thermal acclimation studies, I discovered foremost that 6.5°C-acclimated fish grew at that temperature but, to date, have only produced eggs at 3.5°C water temperatures. The Tcmax significantly increased with acclimation temperature (0.5, 3.5 and 6.5°C) from 14.4, 15.5, up to 17.1°C respectively, while the more ecologically relevant AAS transition temperature limits were found at lower temperatures from 1.0 to 5.5°C. The temperature for peak ƒHmax (Tmax) occurred between 11.0 to 12.0°C and the performance of ƒHmax for larval B. saida during acute warming was not significantly different from the adults until Tmax was reached.
This novel study of the thermal physiology of this key Arctic marine food web species revealed a greater than expected thermal tolerance and a significant acclimation potential up to 6.5°C, suggesting that this species may be more resilient to rapid climate change than previously thought.Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
12
Campos, Fernando Marques de. « Os direitos sociais e sua função no capitalismo ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-15062011-151142/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
O presente estudo teve por objetivo estudar os direitos sociais para além do tema questão da redução do Estado, ocorrida com a derrocada do Estado Social. Ele dirige-se precipuamente para os limites e potencialidades dos direitos sociais no interior da esquadratura capitalista, abarcando suas origens, possibilidades de consolidação e eventuais refrações. Valendo-se dos enfoques econômicos, políticos e jurídicos como ferramentais para estudar a movimentação dos direitos sociais no curso do século XX e no início do século XXI, o trabalho tende a concluir que os direitos sociais são hoje o grande objeto de disputa em uma sociedade calcada pela hegemonia do capital. Nesse sentido, o caso brasileiro é uma boa mostra desta disputa instalada com um elemento distintivo as consequências advindas do subdesenvolvimento e da inserção periférica no capitalismo.The aim of this work is to study the social rights beyond the issue of the State decreasing after Welfare State´s crisis. The work analyses the upper limits and the potentialities of the social rights inside the capitalism structure, studying their origins, consolidations and refractions. Using the economical, political and juridical view point, this work studies the social rights during the XX and XXI century and tends to conclude that social rights are nowadays the biggest issue in our society based on capital`s hegemony. In this way the Brazilian case is a good sample of this dispute which could be introduced a distinctive element the consequences from the underdevelopment and secondary role in capitalism´s world.
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Volkin, David B. (David Bernard). « The upper limit of protein thermostability ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67104.
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Yan, Donglin. « Estimation of an upper tolerance limit for small-samples containing observations below the limit of quantitation ». Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18198.
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Master of ScienceDepartment of Statistics
Christopher I. Vahl
Chemicals and drugs applied to animals used in meat production often have the potential to cause adverse effects on human consumers. To ensure safety, a withdrawal period, i.e. the minimum time allowed between application of the drug and entry of the animal into the food supply, must be determined for each drug used on food-producing animals. The withdrawal period is based on an upper tolerance limit at a given time point. It is not uncommon that the concentration of the drug in some tissue samples to be measured at a level below the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Because the measurement of the tissue concentration cannot be confidently determined with enough precision, these types of observations are often treated as if they were left censored where the censoring value is equal to the limit of quantitation. Several methods are commonly used in practice to deal with this situation. The simplest methods are either to exclude observations below the limit of quantitation or to replace those values with zero, LOQ or ½ LOQ. Previous studies have shown that these methods result in biased in estimation of the population mean and population variance. Alternatively, one could incorporate censoring into the likelihood and compute the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) for the population mean and variance assuming a normal or lognormal distribution. These estimates are also biased but it has been shown that they are asymptotically unbiased. However, it is not clear yet how these various methods affect estimation of the upper tolerance limit, especially when the sample size is small, e.g. less than 35. In this report, we will examine the effects of substituting the LOQ or ½ LOQ for censored values as well as using the MLEs of the mean and variance in the construction of an upper tolerance limit for a normal population through simulation. Additionally, we propose a modified substitution method where observations below the LOQ are replaced by functions of the order statistics of non-censored observations under an assumption of symmetry. Its performance relative to the above methods will also be evaluated in the simulation study. In the end, the results from this study will be applied to an environmental study.
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Gholami, Ghadikolaei Iraj. « Data analysis of continuous gravitational waves ». Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2007. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2008/1880/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis describes two main projects; the first one is the optimization of a hierarchical search strategy to search for unknown pulsars. This project is divided into two parts; the first part (and the main part) is the semi-coherent hierarchical optimization strategy. The second part is a coherent hierarchical optimization strategy which can be used in a project like Einstein@Home. In both strategies we have found that the 3-stages search is the optimum strategy to search for unknown pulsars.
For the second project we have developed a computer software for a coherent Multi-IFO (Interferometer Observatory) search. To validate our software, we have worked on simulated data as well as hardware injected signals of pulsars in the fourth LIGO science run (S4). While with the current sensitivity of our detectors we do not expect to detect any true Gravitational Wave signals in our data, we can still set upper limits on the strength of the gravitational waves signals. These upper limits, in fact, tell us how weak a signal strength we would detect. We have also used our software to set upper limits on the signal strength of known isolated pulsars using LIGO fifth science run (S5) data.Diese Dissertation besteht aus zwei Projekten: Im ersten Projekt wird die Optimierung einer hierarchischen Strategie zum Auffinden von 'unbekannten' Pulsaren beschrieben. Der erste Teil besteht dabei aus einer semi-kohärenten und der zweite Teil aus einer kohärenten Optimierungsstrategie, wie sie in Projekten wie Einstein@Home verwendet werden kann. In beiden Ansätzen erwies sich eine 3-Stufensuche als optimale Suchstrategie für 'unbekannte' Pulsare. Für das zweite Projekt entwickelten wir eine Software für eine kohärente Multi-IFO (Interferometer Observatory) Suche. Zum Validieren der Software verwendeten wir sowohl simulierte Daten als auch Hardware induzierte Signale von Pulsaren aus dem vierten 'LIGO Science run' (S4). Wir erwarten nicht, mit der aktuellen Empfindlichkeit unserer Detektoren echte GW- Signale aufzunehmen, können jedoch obere Grenzen für die Stärke der Gravitationswellen-Signale bestimmen. Diese oberen Grenzen geben uns an, wie schwach ein gerade noch detektierbares Signal werden kann. Ferner benutzten wir die Software um eine obere Grenze für bekannte, isolierte Pulsare zu bestimmen, wobei wir Daten aus dem fünften 'LIGO Science run (S5) verwendeten.
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Degwitz, Fernando G. (Fernando Guillermo) 1980. « Numerical upper and lower bound limit analysis for braced excavations ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30131.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (leaves62-63).
This thesis reviews limit theorems and their applications for stability problems in geotechnical engineering. Rigorous numerical solutions of limit analyses can be obtained through finite element discretization of the soil mass and formulation of the limit theorems within a linear programming framework. The current research uses a formulation proposed by Sloan et al. (1988) and extended in a recent Ph.D. thesis by Ukritchon (1998) to include soil-structure interactions. The thesis details the input and output required for numerical limit analysis and presents an example application for the stability of a broad excavation for the MUNI Metro Turnback project in San Francisco. This well documented case study involves a 13 M deep excavation within a deep deposit of May Mud that was supported by an SPTC wall with three levels of cross-lot bracing. The numerical limit analyses calculate factors of safety, FS = 1.03 - 1.36, against basal instability. The factor of safety used in the original design (FS = 1.2) is contained in this range. The results illustrate that numerical limit analysis offers a practical alternative to limit equilibrium methods in evaluating the stability of braced excavations.
by Fernando G. Degwitz.
M.Eng.
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Kim, Byoung Min. « Upper bound analysis for drag anchors in soft clay ». Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4887.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study presents an upper bound plastic limit analysis for predicting drag
anchor trajectory and load capacity. The shank and fluke of the anchor are idealized as
simple plates. The failure mechanism involves the motion of the anchor about a center
of rotation, the coordinates of which are systematically optimized to determine the
minimum load at the shackle. For a given anchor orientation, the direction of the
shackle force is varied to establish a relationship between the magnitude and direction of
the shackle load. Coupling this relationship to the Neubecker-Randolph anchor line
solution produces a unique solution for the magnitude and orientation of the shackle
force. The anchor is then advanced a small increment about the optimum center of
rotation and the process is repeated. The upper bound method (UBM) provides a
practical means to determine the trajectory of the anchor and the anchor load capacity at
any point in the trajectory. To better understand of the anchor behavior, extensive
parameter studies were carried out varying the properties of the anchor, anchor line, and
soil. The UBM show good agreement with six full-scale tests covering several different
anchor types and centrifuge model tests.
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Alizadeh, Ramin. « A new upper limit on the electron anti-neutrino rest-mass ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236237.
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Yuan, Xiaoping. « Extensional collapses in the overpressured frictional upper crust based on limit analysis ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE009/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans ce manuscrit nous développons l'approche cinématique 2D du calcul à la rupture pour examinerles effondrements en extension (ou failles normales) de la croûte supérieure cassante qui résultent desurpressions de fluides. Les sujets d'intérêt liés à la déformation en extension sont (1) les roles de lapression des fluides, des processus de surface, et des propriétés des matériaux et des failles sur lastabilité des structures d'extension; (2) la formation de failles normales à faible pendage et de failleslistriques; (3) la distribution de la déformation au dessus d'un glissement à faible pendage; et (4)l'influence de l'adoucissement mécanique des failles et des processus de sédimentation sur cettedistribution.Cette approche mécanique est vérifiée par la théorie du prisme critique de Coulomb, et la généralise pour étudier la topographie complexe de la péninsule de Mejillones dans le Nord du Chili. Cetteapproche est aussi appliquée à l'instabilité gravitaire dans le delta du Niger en reliant les structurescompressives en bas de pente aux structure extensives en amont par un détachement profond. Nousprédisons des surpressions de fluides beaucoup plus élevée que celles obtenues par application duprisme de Coulomb. Enfin, cette méthodologie est appliquée à l'étude de la forme de failles normalesreliant un détachement profond à la surface. Dans le cas du delta du Niger, nous montrons que lesfailles à faible pendage et les failles listriques impliquent que la profondeur de rétention des fluides estfaible. La version séquentielle de l'analyse limite ouvre de nouvelles voies pour suivre l'évolutionstructurale dans le temps du jeu sur les failles normales. Les simulations montrent en particulier qu'unefaille normale tourne vers des pendage plus faibles au fur et à mesure de la dénudation du mur, formantune région qui passe du mur au toit de la faille active en rotation. La prédiction de cette région estillustrée par des expériences analogiques et des exemples de terrainThis manuscript develops a 2D kinematic approach of Limit Analysis to examine the extensionalfailures in the brittle, upper crust resulting from fluid overpressures and normal faulting. There aremany interesting topics related to the extensional deformation such as (1) the roles of fluid pressure,topographic process, material and fault properties on the stability of extensional structures; (2) theformation of low-angle and listric normal fault; (3) the deformation pattern due to slip on a low-anglefault; and (4) the influence of fault softening and sedimentation processes on this deformation pattern.This mechanical approach applied to wedge prototypes is validated by the critical Coulomb wedge(CCW) theory, and it generalizes the CCW theory to investigate the complex topography on theMejillones peninsula, Northern Chile. Additionally, this approach is also applied to investigate gravityinstability of Niger Delta by linking down-slope compressional to up-slope extensional failures througha deep detachment. We predict much higher fluid overpressures than that of the CCW theory. Finally,this Limit Analysis methodology is applied to investigate the shape of normal fault linking a lowdetachment to the surface. The application to Niger Delta implies that the formation of very low-angleand strongly listric faults results from a shallow fluid-retention depth. The sequential version of LimitAnalysis opens new ways to envision the structural evolution through time resulting from normalfaulting. The simulations show that the normal fault rotates during extension, forming a region of Footto-Hanging Wall (FHW) where the material in the footwall is sheared upon entering the hanging wall.The creation of the FHW region is illustrated by sandbox experiments and field examples
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Lee, Stan S. « Disparity contingent high spatial frequency constraints on the upper velocity limit of stereopsis ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60961.pdf.
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Engelhardt, Toni, Robert Jedicke, Peter Vereš, Alan Fitzsimmons, Larry Denneau, Ed Beshore et Bonnie Meinke. « An Observational Upper Limit on the Interstellar Number Density of Asteroids and Comets ». IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623256.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We derived 90% confidence limits (CLs) on the interstellar number density (rho(CL)(IS)) of interstellar objects (ISOs; comets and asteroids) as a function of the slope of their size-frequency distribution (SFD) and limiting absolute magnitude. To account for gravitational focusing, we first generated a quasi-realistic ISO population to similar to 750 au from the Sun and propagated it forward in time to generate a steady state population of ISOs with heliocentric distance <50 au. We then simulated the detection of the synthetic ISOs using pointing data for each image and average detection efficiencies for each of three contemporary solar system surveys-Pan-STARRS1, the Mt. Lemmon Survey, and the Catalina Sky Survey. These simulations allowed us to determine the surveys' combined ISO detection efficiency under several different but realistic modes of identifying ISOs in the survey data. Some of the synthetic detected ISOs had eccentricities as small as 1.01, which is in the range of the largest eccentricities of several known comets. Our best CL of rho(CL)(SI) = 1.4 x 10(-4) au(-3) implies that the expectation that extra-solar systems form like our solar system, eject planetesimals in the same way, and then distribute them throughout the Galaxy, is too simplistic, or that the SFD or behavior of ISOs as they pass through our solar system is far from expectation.
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Mauro, Filho Sebastião. « Limites para uma gravitação com possíveis efeitos quânticos ». Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2012. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4888.
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Recentemente foi demonstrado [17] que correções quânticas para o potencial gravitacional de Newton explica as curvas de rotação em galáxias espirais sem introduzir o halo de matéria escura. O único parâmetro fenomenológico aѵ da teoria cresce com a massa da galáxia. A fim de melhor investigar a dependência de aѵ com a massa é preciso verificar o limite superior para aѵ em uma escala menor. Aqui nós realizamos o cálculo correspondente por meio da análise da dinâmica do vetor de Laplace-Runge-Lenz e da condição de equilíbrio de anãs-brancas. A limitação resultante sobre correções quânticas sugerem uma dependência de aѵ com a massa.
Recently it was shown that quantum corrections to the Newton potential can explain the rotation curves in spiral galaxies without introducing the Dark Matter halo. The unique phenomenological parameter aѵ of the theory grows with the mass of the galaxy. In order to better investigate the mass-dependence of aѵ one needs to check the upper bound for aѵ at a smaller scale. Here we perform the corresponding calculation by analyzing the dynamics of the Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector and the equilibrium condition of white-dwarf. The resulting limitation on quantum corrections is suggesting a mass-dependence of aѵ.
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Jones, Tucker Anthony. « An upper limit on the abundance of small trans-Neptunian objects from X-ray occultations ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40918.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Physics, 2007.Includes bibliographical references (p. 77-81).
I describe the detection of 201 highly significant dips in the count rate of Sco X-1 from a search of some 500 ks of archival RXTE PCA data, which could be caused by TNO occultations. I show that most of these dips are correlated with particle showers in the PCA, suggesting that the dips in count rate result from large amounts of charge built up in the detectors. From the distribution of particle counts in the PCA and examination of asymmetry in individual dip profiles, I establish that at most ~ 6 of these dip events can be caused by occultations. This gives an upper limit on the cumulative TNO size distribution for > 20 m radius. I also derive a model lightcurve for occultations of Sco X-1 from diffraction theory, and use this model to predict properties of an ensemble of occultation events. Implications for future work are discussed.
by Tucker Anthony Jones.
S.B.
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Hudakova, Sabina. « Chromosome analysis in barley DNA composition and organization of centromeres and the upper chromosome size limit / ». [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969487436.
Texte intégral
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Thompson, Emma Louise. « An investigation into the cerebral autoregulatory upper limit : normal control mechanisms and changes associated with ageing ». Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8435/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cerebral autoregulation (CA) is the process by which cerebral arterial vessels constrict or dilate, in order to maintain cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the face of changes in arterial blood pressure. This thesis aimed to investigate the mechanisms that normally control CA, with specific reference to the upper limit (UL ); the point at which autoregulatory vasoconstriction is overcome. The UL is associated with an increase in CBF, which can potentially cause damaging cerebrovascular hyperperfusion. Ageing is associated with a general decrease in regulatory mechanisms, and an increased risk of stroke. Therefore we sought to assess whether changes in CA at the UL may predispose older rats to haemorrhagic stroke. We assessed CA by infusion of phenylephrine to increase ABP in an anaesthetised rat model, whilst measuring CBF to enable identification of the UL. This protocol was repeated in young (6-8 weeks) and old (12-15 months) rats in control conditions, or during removal of regulatory inputs. The UL in young, control rats was 168±4mmHg. Removal of nitric oxide-mediated dilatation and sympathetically-mediated vasoconstriction increased the UL. In old rats, the increase in UL was even greater. Thus we propose a new working hypothesis to explain the control of CA and the UL.
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Kallberg, Johanna. « Limit comparison-shopping ? : The effect of new establishments of independent upper-secondary schools on public school costs ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123213.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In the 1990s, an educational reform changed the Swedish school market. The reform allows anyone with permission from the Swedish Schools Inspectorate to establish an independent school. The main objective of this paper is to examine how new establishments of independent upper-secondary schools affect the public school’s costs per student during the time period 2005 to 2014. Using application data, we can separate municipalities in which independent schools have been established and where they have not. This data allows us to estimate a Difference in Difference model where the treatment is a new establishment. The results reveal three key findings: first, on average, municipalities experience a cost decrease if new independent schools are established. Second, a common trend exists in the pre-period between the two types of municipalities. Third, decomposing the total public school cost per student, the establishment of new upper-secondary schools reduces teaching, equipment and healthcare costs. Further research should examine the political objectives on the municipality level for new establishments. In the future it may be important, from a policy perspective, that if municipalities are given a veto right in the establishment process, market competition will be determined based on political preferences.
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Phạm, Phú Tinh [Verfasser]. « Upper bound limit and shakedown analysis of elastic-plastic bounded linearly kinematic hardening structures / Phu Tinh Pham ». Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018189491/34.
Texte intégral
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Ciria, Suárez Héctor 1979. « Computation of upper and lower bounds in limit analysis using second-order cone programming and mesh adaptivity ». Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/16655.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004.Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-111).
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Limit analysis is relevant in many practical engineering areas such as the design of mechanical structures or the analysis of soil mechanics. Assuming a rigid, perfectly-plastic solid subject to a static load distribution, the problem of limit analysis consists of finding the minimum multiple of this load distribution that will cause the body to collapse. This collapse multiplier results from solving an infinite dimensional saddle point problem, where the internal work rate is maximized over an admissible set of stresses -defined by a yield condition- and minimized over the linear space of kinematically admissible velocities for which the external work rate equals the unity. When strong duality is applied to this saddle point problem, the well-known convex (and equivalent) static and kinematic principles of limit analysis arise. In this thesis, an efficient procedure to compute strict upper and lower bounds for the exact collapse multiplier is presented, with a formulation that explicitly considers the exact convex yield condition. The approach consists of two main steps. First, the continuous problem, under the form of the static principle, is discretized twice (one per bound) by means of different combinations of finite element spaces for the stresses and velocities. For each discretization, the interpolation spaces are chosen so that the attainment of an upper or a lower bound is guaranteed. The second step consists of solving the resulting discrete nonlinear optimization problems. Towards this end, they are reformulated into the canonical form of Second-order Cone Programs, which allows for the use of primal-dual interior point methods that optimally exploit the convexity and duality properties of the limit analysis
(cont.) model and guarantee global convergence to the optimal solutions. To exploit the fact that collapse mechanisms are typically highly localized, a novel method for adaptive meshing is introduced based on local bound gap measures and not on heuristic estimates. The method decomposes the total bound gap as the sum of positive elemental contributions from each element in the mesh, and refines only those elements which are responsible for the majority of the numerical error. Finally, stand-alone computational certificates that allow the bounds to be verified independently, without recourse to the original computer program, are also provided. This removes the uncertainty about the reliability of the results, which frequently undermines the utility of computational simulations. The efficiency of the methodology proposed is illustrated with several applications in plane stress and plane strain, demonstrating that it can be used in complex, realistic problems as a supplement to other models.
by Héctor Ciria Suárez.
S.M.
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MILANI, Enrico. « A F.E. UPPER BOUND LIMIT ANALYSIS MODEL FOR MASONRY CURVED AND 3D STRUCTURES, WITH AND WITHOUT FRPREINFORCEMENT ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389163.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The aim of this thesis is to propose a new efficient numerical tool, based on the
kinematic theorem of limit analysis, for the study of masonry shell and 3D
structures with or without FRP reinforcement.
The approach consists of two steps. In step I unreinforced masonry strength
domains are obtained with a FE limit analysis procedure applied to a representative
element of volume constituted by a central brick interacting with its six neighbours
by means of rigid plastic interfaces (mortar joint). In step II, the unreinforced
strength domains are implemented in a novel upper bound FE limit analysis code
for the analysis at collapse of entire masonry curved and 3D structures.
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Greening, Jane Barbara. « Changed vibration threshold and loss of nerve movement in patients with repetitive strain injury : the peripheral neuropathology of RSI ». Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343565.
Texte intégral
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Шищук, Володимир Дмитрович, Владимир Дмитриевич Шищук, Volodymyr Dmytrovych Shyshchuk, Борис Іванович Щербак, Борис Иванович Щербак, Borys Ivanovych Shcherbak, І. Б. Щербак et В. В. Моісеенко. « Фізична реабілітація при ураженнях м`яких тканин і суглобів верхніх кінцівок ». Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/5514.
Texte intégral
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Cordero, Raymundo. « Limit state analysis : adaptive finite element upper and lower bound approach to the evaluation of the limit load of a Von Mises rigid-plastic material body in plane stress ». Thesis, Swansea University, 2005. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42326.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A new approach to the computation of the Limit load of a Von Mises rigid-plastic material structure modelled in plane stress is assessed. Most international design codes require the engineer to establish the safety of a structure for a given set of design loads under the so-called limit state conditions. The limit state represents the failure point at which the structure begins to exhibit unbounded deformations. Under limit state conditions, the deformation of the solids tend to concentrate on thin failure bands, known as slip-lines. This makes the finite element analysis a challenging task as the mesh needs to be adapted to capture these bands accurately. In order to achieve this, an adaptive technique is required whereby the error produced in each finite element is measured and if required the element is subdivided automatically. In order to measure this error both an upper and lower bound of the exact solution need to be evaluated. In this thesis, a novel technology to obtain the lower bound is derived and implemented together with mesh adaptivity technology. A lower bound is found from a state of stresses in equilibrium with the external forces. The proposed technique obtains such equilibrated state using the stresses obtained during the upper bound evaluation. These stresses, although not strictly in equilibrium, can be balanced using procedures available in the literature. The present aim of the research project is to develop numerical technology based on the finite element method to calculate the limit state of two-dimensional solids in plane stress. The upper bound theorem of limit analysis is implemented by means of a Lagrangian optimization technique solved by the Newton-Raphson method with Line Search. A control parameter to deal with the singularity of the tangent stiffness matrix due to the yielding condition is used along the range of admissible rate of deformations for a rigid-plastic material. The lower bound theorem is then applied by performing a technique to equilibrate the interelement tractions, kinematically solving a sequence of local problems using the equilibrated tractions as an updated load input, which lets us determine the elementwise contribution to both the upper and lower bounds. An adaptive technique is then implemented, based on the elemental contributions to the difference between the upper bound and the lower bound of the collapse multiplier. Both non-adaptive and adaptive results are evaluated. Results show a good performance of the solution technique, both in comparison with well known plane stress bound values and also in the graphical output obtained in the form of refined regions which describe the occurrence of slip-line patterns and/or localized yielding regions.
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Nelms, Nicholas. « A new determination of the charged pion mass and muon neutrino mass upper limit from exotic atom X-ray spectroscopy ». Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30661.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis describes an experiment that has made a new determination of the charged pion mass and from which a new upper limit of the muon neutrino mass has been calculated. The experimental approach uses a high-intensity negative pion beam injected into a cyclotron trap and stopped inside a nitrogen/oxygen mix gas-filled target cell where highly excited pionic and muonic atoms are formed. The energy of photons emitted during de-excitation is directly proportional to the reduced mass of the system, from which the mass of the orbiting particle can be determined. X-ray spectra from pionic nitrogen and muonic oxygen are measured using a high-resolution Bragg crystal spectrometer arranged in Johann geometry. A new large area detector comprising six, high quantum efficiency charge coupled devices is positioned at the focus to measure the reflections from the spectrometer. By using muonic oxygen X-rays as calibration for the pionic nitrogen line the negative pion mass has been determined as 139.57176 0.000259 MeV/c2, a precision of 1.85 ppm. Although more precise, this value is approximately 11 ppm higher than the current world average. Consequently, the muon neutrino mass upper limit has been calculated as 0.33 MeV/c2 (90% confidence level) which offers no new information over the current value of 0.17 MeV/c2. Investigations are underway to determine the validity of the 11 ppm discrepancy.
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O'Leary, Brendon R. « In search of the electron's electric dipole moment in thorium monoxide| An improved upper limit, systematic error models, and apparatus upgrades ». Thesis, Yale University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10633259.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Searches for violations of discrete symmetries can be sensitive probes of physics beyond the Standard Model. Many models, such as supersymmetric theories, introduce new particles at higher masses that include new CP-violating phases which are thought to be of order unity. Such phases could generate measurable permanant electric dipole moments (EDMs) of particles. The ACME collaboration has measured the electron's EDM to be consistent with zero with an order of magnitude improvement in precision compared to the previous best precision (J. Baron et al., ACME collaboration, Science 343 (2014), 269-272) with a spin precession measurement performed in the H state of a beam of thorium monoxide (ThO). This limit constrains time-reversal violating physics for particles with masses well into the TeV scale. In this thesis I discuss the details of this measurement with an emphasis on the data analysis, search for systematic errors, and systematic error models that contributed to this result. I also discuss implemented and planned upgrades to the experimental apparatus intended to both improve the statistical sensitivity and reduce its susceptibility to systematic errors. At this time, the upgraded apparatus has been demonstrated to have a statistical sensitivity to the electron EDM that is more than a factor of 10x more precise than our previous measurement.
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Szeghi, Shelley A. « Spatial Distribution and Assemblage Composition Patterns of Sherd-and-Lithic Artifact Scatters in the Upper Basin, Northern Arizona ». University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1342730836.
Texte intégral
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Sousa, Gilmar da Cunha. « Estudo eletromiografico da ação simultanea de musculos flexores e extensores do antebraço pronado e supinado, em diferentes cargas e angulos ». [s.n.], 1998. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290924.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Fausto BerzinTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar eletromiograficamente a ação simultânea dos músculos bíceps do braço (cabeças curta e longa), braquial, braquiorradial e tríceps do braço (cabeças lateral, longa e medial), no aparelho de musculação "Polia-Dupla", em movimentos isotônicos de tlexão e extensão do antebraço, nas posições pronada e supinada, em diferentes cargas e ângulos. Foram estudados dez voluntários adultos jovens do sexo masculino, destros, de 16 a 20 anos, altura entre 1,70 e 1,80m, não treinados, sem história de doenças neuromusculares ou articulares. Os registros foram obtidos, utilizando-se um eletromiógrafo de oito canais. Os sinais eletromiográficos foram captados por mini-eletrodos de superfície - Tipo Beckrnan. A análise dos sinais foi efetuada através de software específico, o SISDIN que forneceu os dados numéricos, em RMS (Raiz Quadrada da Média), expressos em microvolts ('mu'V). Foi utilizado um eletrogoniômetro para indicar com precisão os ângulos pré-estabelecidos. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise estatística não-paramétrica, empregandose as provas de Wilcoxon e a de Friedman. Os resultados revelaram que todos os músculos estudados apresentam atividade eletromiográfica, nos movimentos isotônicos de flexão e extensão do antebraço, independente do movimento realizado, posição do antebraço, carga ou ângulo. No movimento livre, os músculos flexores apresentam maior atividade a 90° e os extensores a 60° na posição supinada e, a 30° na pronada. Com carga de 04 Kg e 10 Kg, os músculos flexores desenvolvem maior atividade a 60° na posição pronada, e a 90° na supinada, enquanto os extensores a 30° para as duas posições. Nos movimentos de extensão livre, os músculos flexores apresentam atividade maior do que os próprios extensores, independente da posição do antebraço. Na flexão supinada livre e com cargas de 04 Kg e 10 Kg, a maior atividade é apresentada pela cabeça longa do bíceps. Na flexão pronada livre, a maior atividade é apresentada pela cabeça longa do bíceps. Com cargas de 04 Kg e 10 Kg os maiores potenciais são desenvolvidos pelo braquiorradial. Na extensão supinada livre, a cabeça longa do bíceps desenvolve a maior atividade. Nas cargas de 04 Kg e 10 Kg, esta atividade é observada na cabeça medial do tríceps. Na extensão pronada livre, o braquial apresenta a maior atividade, enquanto que as cargas de 4 Kg e 10 Kg, influenciam a cabeça medial do tríceps a se contrair com maior intensidade. Na flexão supinada, a cabeça longa do bíceps apresenta a maior atividade em quase todas as situações. Na flexão pronada livre, a cabeça curta do bíceps desenvolve a maior atividade a 30°, o braquial a 90°, enquanto a 60° o braquial e a cabeça longa do bíceps mostram a mesma atividade. Entretanto com carga o braquiorradial produz a maior atividade. Na extensão supinada livre, a cabeça curta do bíceps desenvolve a maior atividade a 30°, a cabeça longa a 60° e 90° e, com carga, a cabeça medial do tríceps. Na extensão pronada livre, a atividade mais intensa ocorre no braquial a 90°, no braquiorradial a 60° e na cabeça medial do tríceps a 30°. Com carga, a atividade mais intensa é na cabeça medial do tríceps. Nos movimentos com carga, os músculos agonistas do movimento são sempre mais ativos do que os antagonistas nas duas posições do antebraço estudadas. Quanto maior a carga, maior é a atividade elétrica, tanto nos flexores quanto nos extensores do antebraço, independente do ângulo e posição. Os valores relativos à posição supinada, foram na maioria dos casos mais intensos do que os obtidos na posição pronada
Abstract: The purpose of this work was to study by Electromyography the simultaneous action of the biceps brachii (long and short heads), brachialis, brachiorradialis and triceps brachii (lateral, 10ng and medial heads) muscles through a apparatus of muscular activity called ''DoublePulley" in flexion and extension isotonic movements of the forearm, in supination and pronation, with different loads and angles. Ten adult male young volunteers, aged 16 to 20 years, heighted 1,70m to 1,80m, dextrous, untrained and with no history of neuromuscular or joint diseases were studied. The registers were obtained by using a electromyography equipment with eight channels. The electromyographic signals were captured by surface minielectrodes (Beckman type). The signals were analyzed by a specific software, the SISDIN, which supplied the numerical data in RMS (Root Mean Square), expressed in microvolts ('mu'V). An electrogoniometer was used to indica te the accuracy of the angles previously established. The data obtained were subjected to a non-parametric statistic analysis, using the Wilcoxon and Friedman tests. The results revealed that all the studied muscles presented electromyographic activity in the flexion and extension isotonic movements of the forearm regardless of the performed movement, position of the forearm, load or angle. In the free movement, the flexor muscles presented greater activity at the 90° angle and the extensors at 60° in supination, and at 30° in pronation. With the 4 and 10 kg loads, the flexor muscles presented greater activity at 60° in pronation and at 90° in supination, while the extensors at 30° in both positions. In the free extension movements, the flexor muscles presented greater activity than the extensors themselves, regardless of the forearm position. In the free supinated flexion and with the 4 kg and 10 kg loads, the greatest activity was presented by the biceps long head. In the free pronated flexion, the greatest activity was presented by the biceps long head. With the 4 kg and 10 kg loads, the highest potentials were developed by the brachiorradialis muscle. In the free supinated extension, the biceps long head developed the greatest activity. With the 4 kg and 10 kg loads, this activity was observed in the triceps medial head. In the free pronated extension, the brachialis presented the greatest activity, while the 4 kg and 10 kg loads influence the triceps medial head to contract itself with higher intensity. In the supinated flexion, the biceps long head presented the greatest activity in almost all the situations. In the free pronated flexion, the biceps short head developed the greatest activity at 30°, the brachialis at 90°, while at 60° the brachialis and the biceps long head show the same activity. However, with 1000, the brachiorradialis produces the greatest activity. In the free supinated extension, the biceps short head developed the greatest activity at 30°, the biceps long head at 60° and 90°, and with load, the triceps medial head. In the free pronated extension, the highest activity occurred in the brachialis at 90°, in the brachiorradialis at 60° and in the triceps medial head at 30°. With load, the highest activity was observed in the triceps medial head. In the movements with 1000, the agonist muscles of the movement are always more active than the antagonist muscles in both the studied positions of the forearm. The greater the load, the greater the electric activity, as in the flexors as in the extensors of the forearm, regardless of the angle and position. The values related to supinated position were, in most of the cases, higher than those obtained in the pronated position
Doutorado
Biologia e Patologia Buco-Dental
Doutor em Odontologia
37
Carmo, Aline Araujo do. « Analise cinematica da movimentação dos membros superiores e inferiores, tronco e cabeça durante a marcha de hemipareticos ». [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274756.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Orientador: Ricardo Machado Leite de BarrosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
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Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar integradamente a cinemática da movimentação dos membros superiores e inferiores, a partir cinemática angular, das variáveis espaço-temporais, do centro de massa total do corpo e das contribuições parciais dos segmentos para a trajetória do centro de massa total do corpo. A fim de identificar e analisar as alterações dos padrões de marcha desenvolvidos pelos sujeitos hemiparéticos acometidos por Acidente Vascular Encefálico. Para isso, foram analisados 14 sujeitos hemiparéticos acometidos por Acidente Vascular Encefálico, do sexo masculino, faixa etária entre 40 e 60 anos, com mínimo de 3 anos pós-lesão e, que não utilizassem dispositivos auxiliares. Para representar a marcha normal, foram selecionados 7 sujeitos do sexo masculino, faixa etária entre 40 e 60 anos, sem alterações na marcha. Os dados foram obtidos por videogrametria através do sistema DVideo. O modelo de orientação dos segmentos corporais utilizado consistiu de 71 marcadores de superfície, considerando 15 segmentos corporais articulados. O tratamento dos dados foi feito em ambiente Matlab. A análise estatística foi baseada nas seguintes comparações: 1) entre os lados direito e esquerdo dos sujeitos do grupo controle e do lado afetado e não afetado do grupo hemiparético; 2) Comparação entre os grupos controle e hemiparético; 3) Comparação das variáveis angulares contínuas das articulações afetadas e não afetadas do grupo hemiparético e as variáveis do grupo controle 4) Comparação da trajetória do centro de massa total e das porcentagens de contribuição parcial dos segmentos corporais entre os sujeitos do grupo controle e hemiparético (P<0.05). Os resultados mostraram que a movimentação do membro superior afetado é significativamente alterada, apresentando redução da amplitude de movimento de flexão/extensão das articulações glenoumeral e cotovelo, associada a um padrão de acentuada flexão do cotovelo e tendência a rotação durante todo o ciclo. Foram detectadas também, alterações significativas nos três planos de movimento dos membros inferiores e variáveis espaço-temporais que corroboram com os achados da literatura. A análise integrada mostrou que as alterações do padrão de marcha de sujeitos hemiparéticos podem estar relacionadas com os distúrbios na movimentação do membro superior afetado, podendo este ser mais um fator agravante para a mecânica da marcha de hemiparéticos. A análise da trajetória do centro de massa total do corpo mostrou que nas direções lateral e vertical as curvas dos sujeitos hemiparéticos foram aproximadamente sinusoidais, com dois picos de diferentes amplitudes, associados a um menor deslocamento ântero-posterior do centro de massa total durante a marcha de hemiparéticos. As porcentagens de contribuição dos segmentos corporais para a trajetória centro de massa total do corpo mostraram que o tronco contribuiu mais para o deslocamento lateral do centro de massa e, na vertical os segmentos perna e pé do lado afetado contribuiram mais para o menor deslocamento vertical do centro de massa. As alterações na direção da progressão são oriundas da combinação dos distúrbios observados na outras duas direções.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze integrally the movement of upper and lower limbs, trunk and head using the following kinematics variables: joint angles, spatiotemporal variables, trajectory of total body center of mass and partial contributions of the segments for the trajectory of total body center of mass. In order to identify and analyze the gait pattern alterations developed by hemiparetic subjects affected by stroke, were analyzed 14 hemiparetics subjects, males, aged between 40 and 60 years old, who presented at least 3 years post-injury, and no walking aids used. To represent the normal gait were selected 7 able-bodies subjects, males, aged between 40 and 60 years old, without gait deviations. The data was obtained by videogrammetry through the DVideo system. The body segments orientation model used on this study consisted in 71 surface markers, whereas 15 articulated body segments. The data processing was done by Matlab software. The statistical analysis was based on the following comparisons: 1) right and left sides of the control group subjects and between the affected and unaffected sides of the hemiparetic group; 2)Comparisons between hemiparetic group and control group; 3) Continuous angle variables comparisons between the affected hemiparetic side versus control group and unaffected hemiparetic side versus control group; 4) Comparisons of the trajectory of total body center of mass and the percent of partial contributions of body segments between control group versus hemiparetic group (P<0.05). The results showed that the affected upper limb movement was significantly altered, with reduced flexion/extension range of motion in the glenohumeral and elbow joints, and it was associated with the elbow joint flexion and rotation tendency throughout the gait cycle. Were also detected significant changes on the three lower limbs movement planes and spatiotemporal variables that agree with the literature findings. The integrated analysis showed changes in stroke gait pattern could be related to the affected upper limb movement disturbances. This is another aggravating factor on the stroke gait pattern. The analysis of the trajectory of total body center of mass showed that the lateral and vertical directions curves of hemiparetic subjects were approximately sinusoidal, with two peaks of different amplitudes, associated with a lower anterior-posterior displacement of the total body center of mass during gait of hemiparetic. The percentual contribution of body segments for the trajectory of total body center of mass showed that the trunk contributed more to the lateral center of mass, and in vertical direction the leg and foot on the affected side contributed more to lower vertical displacement of center of mass. In the lateral direction the lower limbs compensed the upper limbs reduction.Changes in the direction of progression come from the combination of the disturbances observed in the other two directions.
Mestrado
Biodinamica do Movimento Humano
Mestre em Educação Física
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Яхно, Ю. Э., et А. В. Хабаль. « Особенности плечевой артерии и ее ветвей ». Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/54240.
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Актуальность. В настоящее время большое внимание уделяется индивидуальным особенностям человека. В практике современного врача чаще встречаются не типичные проявления какой-либо патологии или средние значения какого-либо показателя. По данным некоторых исследователей около 20% крупных артериальных стволов верхней конечности имеют нетипичное расположение и ветвление. Материалы и методы: Обзор литературы.
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Jordan, Victoria Spooner Maghsoodloo Saeed. « The optimum upper screening limit and optimum mean fill level to maximize expected net profit in the canning problem for finite continuous distributions ». Auburn, Ala., 2006. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2006%20Spring/doctoral/JORDAN_VICTORIA_18.pdf.
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Milstead, David Anthony. « The production of neutral kaons and lambdas in deep inelastic scattering at H1 and an upper limit on the production cross-section of instantons ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309902.
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Araujo, Alethea Gomes Nardini. « Proposição e avaliação de um modelo de representação dos membros superiores e escapula durante a marcha humana ». [s.n.], 2003. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/274777.
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Orientador: Ricardo Machado Leite de BarrosDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Fisica
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Resumo: A marcha humana é um movimento complexo que integra todos os segmentos corporais. Ela é objeto de pesquisa em laboratórios de todo o mundo e nestes o principal protocolo adotado, protocolo Helen Hays, analisa apenas o movimento dos membros inferiores e pelve e, através da interpretação dos resultados, muitos procedimentos invasivos e/ou conservadores podem ser prescritos. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é propor, avaliar e aplicar modelos de representação biomecânica dos membros superiores e escápula visando a análise de marcha. Um segundo objetivo é integrar os modelos propostos ao protocolo experimental para análise de marcha descrito por ANDRADE (2002). O corpo humano foi modelado como um sistema de quinze corpos rígidos articulados, cada um representando um segmento corporal. A cada segmento foi associado um sistema de coordenadas e a posição e a orientação relativas entre dois segmentos foram descritas, respectivamente, pela translação entre suas origens e pela rotação entre as bases a eles associadas. Os modelos de representação do braço e escápula adotados neste trabalho seguem a recomendação da Sociedade Internacional de Biomecânica. Foram avaliados três voluntários do sexo feminino, sem histórico de patologias ou comprometimento da marcha e dois voluntários do sexo masculino portadores de Paralisia Cerebral Diplégica. Os resultados foram avaliados a partir de testes de acurácia em relação à reconstrução da trajetória de dois marcadores durante a marcha e a acurácia encontrada foi de 2,4mm em um volume calibrado de 4,5m3, o que garantiu a confiabilidade dos resultados. Considerando um ciclo de marcha do membro inferior esquerdo observou-se, nos voluntários normais, que durante a fase de apoio, o ombro direito apresentou aumento da adução, extensão e rotação interna. Durante a fase de balanço, os ângulos mencionados diminuíram. O ombro esquerdo apresentou comportamento simétrico relacionado ao ciclo de marcha. Em relação ao cotovelo, os ângulos de abdução-adução e rotação internaexterna permaneceram constantes em ambos os lados. Um sinal claro de flexão pode ser observado durante todo o ciclo. A análise proposta foi capaz de identificar e caracterizar os padrões de marcha dos voluntários normais. Em relação aos voluntários patológicos, um paciente apresentou um padrão de marcha em crouch e ele revelou um comportamento aproximadamente simétrico considerando os membros superiores do lado direito e esquerdo. O outro paciente apresentou rotação interna aumentada no quadril e pé esquerdo associado a uma rotação do tronco para o lado direito. O cotovelo e o ombro do lado direito apresentaram pequena mobilidade provavelmente para compensar a rotação do tronco para este lado. Os resultados obtidos a partir do protocolo proposto para os sujeitos normais e patológicos foram compatíveis com os dados da literatura em relação aos ângulos articulares dos membros inferiores e da pelve. Os resultados da movimentação dos membros superiores, escápula, tronco e cabeça dos voluntários com e sem alterações da marcha também mostraram coerência com a movimentação esperada pela análise visual e com os dados disponíveis na literatura.
Abstract: The human gait is a complex movement that integrates all body's segments. It is studied in various gait laboratories where the main protocol adopted is the Helen Hays protocol, which considers only the lower limbs and the pelvis movement. With the results obtained from this protocol, respective procedures are prescribed. The aim of this paper is to propose, evaluate and apply models of biomechanical representation of the upper limbs and the scapula, focusing on the gait analysis. The second aim is to integrate the proposed models to an experimental protocol for the gait analysis described by ANDRADE (2002). The human body was modeled as a system of fifteen articulated rigid bodies, each one representing a corporal segment. Each segment was associated to a coordinated system, and the relative position and orientation between two segments were described, by the translation between its origins and the rotation between the bases associated to them. The representation models of the arm and scapula adopted in this paper follow the recommendation of the International Society of Biomechanics. Three female volunteers without gait pathologies and two spastic diplegic cerebral palsy male patients were analyzed. The results were evaluated from the tests of accuracy in relation to the reconstruction of the trajectory of two markers during the gait. The accuracy found was of 2,4mm in a calibrated volume of 4,5m³, thus guarantees the reliability of the results. Considering a left lower limb gait cycle during the stance phase, the right shoulder presented increasing adduction, extension and internal rotation, while during the swing phase these angles decreased. The left shoulder presented a symmetrical behavior related to the gait cycle. Regarding the elbow, the abductionadduction and internal-external rotation angles remain approximately constant in both sides. A clear signal of flexion can be observed during the cycle. The proposed analysis was able to identify and characterize the normal gait patterns of the normal studied subjects. Regarding the pathological subjects, one patient presented a crouch pattern gait and an approximately symmetrical gait by considering the right and left upper limbs. The other patient presented increased internal rotation on the left hip and in the left foot associated to a right rotation of the trunk. The right shoulder and elbow joints have small mobility, probably to compensate the increased rotation of the trunk to this side. The results obtained from proposed protocol for normal and pathological subjects were compatible with literature results concerning lower limbs and pelvis angles. The upper limbs, scapula, trunk and head results from volunteers without and with gait pathologies were coherent with their articulated motion in relation to visual analysis and to another published studies.
Universidade Estadual de Campi
Biodinamica do Movimento Humano
Mestre em Educação Física
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Шищук, Володимир Дмитрович, Владимир Дмитриевич Шищук, Volodymyr Dmytrovych Shyshchuk, Олена Олексіївна Ткаченко, Елена Алексеевна Ткаченко et Olena Oleksiivna Tkachenko. « Використання позавогнищевого остеосинтезу в лікуванні надвиросткових переломів плечової кістки ». Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7384.
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Ferreira, Leandro. « Efeitos no envelhecimento, do nível de atividade física e do treinamento com exercícios resistidos sobre a força muscular máxima diferenciada entre membros superiores e inferiores em mulheres / ». Rio Claro : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87393.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a influência do nível de atividade física e do treinamento com exercícios resistidos sobre a força muscular máxima em mulheres, com o envelhecimento. Participaram do estudo 72 mulheres divididas em dois grupos Grupo Jovem (GJ) e Grupo Terceira Idade (GTI), respectivamente com as seguintes características (n=38 e 34; idade = 23,08 l 2,8 e 60,67 l 7,16 anos; estatura = 163,0 l 6,0 e 159,0 l 5,0 cm; peso corporal = 57,75 l 7,51 e 70,72 l 12,48 kg; gordura corporal = 24,55 l 5,06 e 43,02 l 4,6 %). Todas essas medidas apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,01) entre os grupos. Os dois grupos responderam um Recordatário Adaptado das Atividades Diárias (RAD), para discriminar o nível de atividade física e intensidade subjetiva de esforço de membros superiores (RAD 1); inferiores (RAD 2); sem predomínio (RAD 3); e em repouso (RAD 4). Para verificar o efeito do treinamento com exercícios resistidos, o GTI participou de um treinamento de força de 12 semanas, com avaliações (pré e pós) da força máxima (teste de 1-RM) dos músculos flexores e extensores de membros superiores e inferiores. Foram observados os seguintes resultados: a) níveis de atividade expressos em unidades de tempo (UT): os GJ e GTI, respectivamente, e com diferenças estatisticamente significativas (p<0,01): RAD 1 (79,24 l 24,08 e 135,33 l 14,57 UT); RAD 2 (30,55 l 18,57 e 10,00 l 6,19 UT); RAD 3 (11,61 l 11,97 e 3,15 l 3,60) e; RAD 4 (166,61 l 22,27 e 139,45 l 16,35). b) níveis de intensidade de esforço: O GJ relatou maiores níveis de intensidade subjetiva de esforço (NISE), em RAD1, RAD2 e RAD3 (p>0,01); c) efeito do treinamento sobre a força máxima:...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)Abstract: The present study examines the effects of physical activity level and strength training on maximal muscle strength in women during the aging process. Seventy two (72) women were assigned into two groups: Young group (YG) and older group (OG), with the following characteristics (n=38 and 34; age = 23.08 l 2.8 and 60.67 l 7.16 years; stature = 163.0 l 6.0 and 159.0 l 5.0 cm; body weight = 57.75 l 7.51 and 70.72 l 12.48 kg; body fat = 24.55 l 5.06 and 43.02 l 4.6 %), respectively. All mensurements were significantly different (p<0,01) between groups. The groups answered the Adapted Daily Activities Report (RDA), designed to discriminate the level physical activity and subjective perpecption of effort intensity for upper limbs (RAD1); lower limbs (RAD2); no prevalence (RAD3); and rest (RAD4). In order to analyse the training effects, the OG attended a twelve - week resistance exercise training protocol. Maximal strengths of the elbow and knee extensors and flexors were assessed (pre and post) by means of the 1-RM test. The following results were found: a) level physical activity expressed in time units (TU) for the YG and OG, respectively: RAD1 (79.24 l 24.08 and 135.33 l 14.57); RAD 2 (30.55 l 18.57 and 10.00 l 6.19 ); RAD3 (11.61 l 11.97 and 3.15 l 3.60); RAD 4 (166.61 l 22.27 e 139.45 l 16.35). The means difference reached statistical significance (p<0,01) between groups; b) subjective perception of effort intensity: the YG perceived higher levels of effort intensity for RAD1, RAD2 e RAD3 (p>0.01); c) effects of training on maximal strength: The OG improved 15.82 % and 18.06 % for elbow extensors and flexors; and 36.69% and 34.13 % for knee extensors and flexors (p<0.01). The improvements on flexion and extension were not different for the same limb (p >0.05)... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Orientador: Sebastião Gobbi
Coorientador: José Luiz Riani Costa
Banca: Eduardo Kokubun
Banca: Vilmar Baldissera
Mestre
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Бабаєва, А. Р. « Іннервація лімфатичних вузлів вільної верхньої кінцівки плодів, новонароджених та дітей раннього віку ». Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/53330.
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Dorjkhaidav, Orlokh Stone Sheldon. « Upper limit for electron-positron decaying to neutral Lambda(baryon)-antineutral Lamba(baryon) cross section and R in the center-of-mass energy range from 11.230 to 11.382 GeV ». Related electronic resource : Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Audhkhasi, Pranav. « Upper Crustal and Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary Seismic Structure of 0-75 Ma old Normal Oceanic Lithosphere in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean ». Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UNIP7056.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les études antérieures sur la croûte océanique supérieure se sont limitées à la jeune lithosphère et aux données sismiques à grand angle, qui manquent de résolution dans la croûte supérieure. La limite océanique lithosphère-asthénosphère (LAB) a été largement étudiée par des études sismologiques, mais souffre également d'une faible résolution verticale. L'expérience TransAtlantic ILAB a collecté des données de réflexion sismique multicanaux sur la lithosphère océanique âgée de 0 à 75 Ma formée sur la dorsale médio-atlantique à propagation lente dans l'océan Atlantique équatorial. L'analyse de la croûte supérieure au moyen de l'imagerie sismique et de latomographie à haute résolution indique que le sommet de la croûte (couche 2A) n'est jamais scellé de 0 à 75 Ma et les systèmes hydrothermaux continuent dans la croûte océanique plus ancienne. La majeure partie de l'évolution se produit dans les 4 premiers Myr, au-delà de laquelle l'intensité de la circulation hydrothermale diminue et la couverture sédimentaire augmente. La limite de la couche 2A / 2B est un contact de lave / digue à l'axe de la crête et un front d'altération hydrothermale éloigné de l'axe de la crête. Les données de flux de chaleur colocalisées de l'expérience LITHOS soutiennent la possibilité de grandes cellules hydrothermales dans une croûte océanique plus ancienne. Le LAB est entièrement imagé sur une lithosphère âgée de 2 à 75 Ma. De 2à 47 Ma, il existe des preuves d'un canal LAB découplant le manteau lithosphérique du manteau asthénosphérique avec une lithosphère de 25 km d'épaisseur à 2 Myr et de 72 km à 47 Myr. Cependant, à partir de 49-75 Myr, une seule réflexion LAB est imagée, ce qui implique une perturbation possible de la base du canal en raison de la ligne volcanique du Cameroun adjacente. Des preuves solides d'anomalie thermique du manteau proviennent du fait que le LAB est moins profond et d'une lithosphère élevéePrevious studies on upper oceanic crust have been limited to young lithosphere and wide-angle seismic data, which lacks resolution in the upper crust. The oceanic lithosphere-asthenosphere boundary (LAB) has been studied extensively by seismological studies, but also suffers from low vertical resolution. The TransAtlantic ILAB experiment collected multi-channel seismic reflection data over oceanic lithosphere aged 0-75 Ma formed at the slow-spreading Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. Analysis of upper crust by means of seismic imaging and high-resolution tomography indicates the top of the crust (Layer 2A) is never sealed from 0-75 Ma and hydrothermal systems continue in older oceanic crust. Most of the evolution happens within the first 4 Myr, beyond which intensity of hydrothermal circulation reduces and sediment cover increases. Layer 2A/2B boundary is a lava/dyke contact at the ridge-axis and a hydrothermal alteration front away from the ridge-axis. Co-located heatflow data from the LITHOS experiment supports the possibility of large hydrothermal cells in older oceanic crust. The LAB is imaged throughout on lithosphere aged 2-75 Ma. From 2-47 Ma, there is evidence of a LAB channel decoupling the lithospheric mantle from the asthenospheric mantle with the lithosphere being 25 km thick at 2 Myr and 72 km thick at 47 Myr. However from 49-75 Myr, a single LAB reflection is imaged implying possible disruption of the base of the channel due to adjacent Cameroon Volcanic Line. Strong evidence of mantle thermal anomaly comes from the LAB being shallower and an uplifted lithosphere
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Field, Matthew. « The petrology and geochemistry of the upper critical zone of the Bushveld complex at the Amandelbult section of Rustenberg Platinum Mines Limited, Northwestern Transvaal, South Africa ». Thesis, Rhodes University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007499.
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A study of petrological and geochemical variations through the upper Critical Zone of the Bushveld Complex at Amandelbult section of R.P,M. was undertaken. The sequence at this locality may be divided into seven "units" two of which appear to be complete, possessing the sequence harzburgite-pyroxenite-norite-anorthosite. The other five Units lack basal, intermediate or upper members. Considerable lateral variations are apparent in this sequence, but these are restricted to the Lower Pseudo Reef-Merensky Reef interval, tne same portion of the succession which is affected by pothole structures. The single most important petrographic feature of genetic significance is the occurrence of annealed, recrystallized anorthosite immediately underlying ulstramafic layers. This, together with the undulatory nature of the contact between the two rock layers, suggests that the ultramafic layer was emplaced as a hot liquid over a pre-existing, crystalline anorthosite floor, and that some remelting of this layer occurred. Variations in the chemical make-up of constituent silicate minerals reveal a number of significant processes which may have been operative in the magma chamber prior to crystallization, Olivine grains, for instance, exhibit extremely wide chemical variations both within single layers and from one layer to the next. These variations are best explained by re-equilibration processes with spinel and base metal sulphides, rather than by wide variations in original liquidus compositions. It appears that the compositions of the initial liquids from which each basal olivine-bearing layer crystallized, were approximately similar. Variations in the iron-magnesium ratio of ortho-pyroxenes indicate well defined continuous fractionation trends in units which are considered to be complete. Magnesian compositions are recorded in ultramfic members, while increasingly iron-enriched values are recorded upwards through the sequence pyroxenite-norite-antorthosite. Plagioclase grains exhibit less well defined fractionation trends, but it is clear that an upward increase in An is encountered through indivitual Units. This is in direct contrast to the trend exhibited by orthopyroxene. A further feature of plagioclase grains is the considerable degree of chemical zonation exhibited by them. In cumulus grains this is commonly manifested as strongly reversed rims, while in intercululus grains normal zoning is ubiquitous. Whole-rock chemical variations through the succession indicate that cyclical variations occur through successive Units, but that these merely reflect changes in modal mineralogy and not liquid fractionation trends. Such trends can be shown for selected element ratios, where these elements are known to partition into a single mineral phase. Rations of pyroxene components such as the nickel/scandium ratio, exhibit a saw tooth pattern through successive Units, while ratios of plagioclase components such as the strontium/alumina ratio have unique, fairly constant values for each individual Unit but different values for successive Units. The latter type of cyclicity is not always strictly confined to lithologically recognized boundaries between Units, and a slight overlap into overlying ultramafic layers is apparent. An investigation of variations in trace element levels in a single layer in five widely separated boreholes revealed that there is some evidence for a lateral fractionation trend from the southwest (more primitive) to the northeast (more evolved), although the small number of data points available preclude definite conclusions. There exists in the data some evidence that the Giant Mottled Anorthosite differs chemically from the other anorthosites in the study section, and that it more closely resembles rocks of the Main Zone. This evidence is particularly apparent in variations of the chromium/aluminium ratio of orthoyroxene grains, and in the An content of plagioclase grains, both of whose trends exhibit distinct inflections at the base of this member. The features of the succession at Amandelbult are best explained by the model of Eales et al. (in press, a), which visualizes the input of a number of pulses of new, hot liquid into a magma chamber containing the fractionated residua of previous influxes. At a critical point in time, just prior to the mafic Merensky Reef input, a large input of gabboic liquid was intruded at high levels in the chamber. The lower portions of this liquid mixed with the residua of earlier mafic inputs, which in turn mixed with new inputs of mafic, typical Critical Zone liquids. Thus the lower portions of the study section represent mixtures of new Critical Zone liquids with the residua of previous such influxes, while the upper portions have the added complication of mixture with a Main Zone-type liquid. The unique chemical character of the Giant Mottled Anorthosite appears to be a direct manifestation of the influence of the Main Zone liquid.KMBT_363
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Vávra, Marek. « Design hydromasážní vany pro horní končetiny ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401505.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The topic of this thesis is design of hydrotherapy bathtub for upper limbs that reacts mainly to ergonomic weaknesses of current solutions. Created design concept is mainly focused on users comfort. Its appearance reflects the environment of medical and rehabilitation facilities.
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Wagner, Milan Nicolas [Verfasser]. « Studies towards the data acquisition of the PANDA experiment & ; measurement of a new upper limit of the production cross section of proton anti-proton to hc / Milan Nicolas Wagner ». Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105341410/34.
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Vidotti, Heloisa Giangrossi Machado. « Análise comparativa da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca durante o exercício resistido multiarticular de membros superiores e inferiores de portadores de doença arterial coronariana ». Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-14052012-112253/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A doença arterial coronariana (DAC) pode alterar o balanço simpato-vagal do Sistema Nervoso Autônomo (SNA) e aumentar os riscos de arritmias fatais e morte súbita. O exercício físico pode reverter essa condição, porém poucos estudos analisam o ajuste hemodinâmico ao exercício dinâmico resistido, especialmente em portadores de DAC. Além disso, exercícios de membros superiores podem induzir diferentes repostas comparado aos de membros inferiores, porém os estudos comparando os dois tipos de exercícios são escassos. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar as respostas cardiovasculares no exercício resistido de membros superiores e compará-las com o exercício resistido de membros inferiores, em idosos saudáveis e em portadores de DAC. Para a realização do estudo, foram selecionados 20 indivíduos do sexo masculino, sendo 10 idosos saudáveis e 10 idosos portadores de DAC, não etilistas, não tabagistas, e sem distúrbios respiratórios, neurológicos, metabólicos e articulares. Foram realizados: teste de 1RM em exercício resistido no supino inclinado e no leg-press 45°; teste de esforço físico dinâmico resistido com diferentes percentuais de 1RM, com carga inicial de 10% da 1RM e increntos de 10% da 1RM, e a partir de 30% os incrementos passaram a ser de 5% da 1RM. No supino inclinado, houve diminuição significativa do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM (GC: de 20±2 ms para 11 ±3 ms; GDAC: de 19±3 ms para 9±1 ms) em ambos os grupos, semelhantemente ao índice SD1 (GC: de 14±2 ms para 8±1; GDAC: 14±2 ms para 7±1 ms). O índice RMSM se manteve sem diferenças entre as cargas no grupo controle (GC) (de 28±3 ms para 45±9 ms), porém aumentou significativamente no grupo DAC (GDAC)(22±2 ms para 79±33 ms). A FC aumentou significativamente a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: de 69±3 bpm para 93±6 bpm; GDAC: 59±3 bpm para 75±4 bpm). No leg-press 45º, houve diminuição do índice rMSSD a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os grupos (GC: 29±5 ms para 12±2 ms; GDAC: 28±4 ms para 18±3 ms). O índice SD1 diminuiu no GC a partir de 30% da 1RM (de 23±4 mas para 7±1) e no GDAC a partir de 20% da 1RM (de 16±3 para 11±1). O índice RMSM diminuiu a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (34±5 ms para 14±3 ms) e aumentou a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (28±4 ms para 43±5 ms). A FC aumentou a partir de 30% da 1RM no GC (65±3 bpm para 92±4 bpm) e a partir de 35% da 1RM no GDAC (61±1 para 76±3). Comparando as variáveis entre os equipamentos, observaram-se menores valores do índice SD1 no GDAC a partir de 35% da 1RM no supino. Também se observaram maiores valores do índice RMSM no GDAC a partir de 30% da 1RM no supino inclinado. Como conclusão, pode-se inferir que houve diminuição parassimpática e aumento da modulação simpática a partir de 30% da 1RM em ambos os equipamentos, sendo que o supino inclinado produziu marcada atenuação parassimpática associada a maior modulação simpática.Coronary artery disease (CAD) can alter the balance of the sympatho-vagal autonomic nervous system (ANS) and increase the risk of fatal arrhythmias and sudden death. Exercise can reverse this condition, but few studies analyze the hemodynamic adjustment to dynamic resistance exercise, especially in patients with CAD. In addition, upper exercise may induce different responses compared with the lower limbs, but studies comparing the two conditions of resistance exercise are scarce. The objective of the study was to assess the cardiovascular responses in resistance of the upper and compare them with the lower limb resistance exercise in healthy elderly and in patients with CAD. We selected 20 males, 10 healthy elderly and 10 elderly patients with CHD, non-alcohol drinkers, non-smokers, and without respiratory, neurological and metabolic diseases. Were performed: 1RM test in the bench press inclined and leg-press 45 °, and an incremental dynamic resistance test different percentages of 1RM, with initial load of 10% of 1RM and increments of 10% of 1RM, and from 30 % increments was 5% of 1RM. On the bench press inclined, there was significant decrease in RMSSD index from 30% of 1RM (CG: 20 ± 2 ms to 11 ± 3 ms; GDAC: 19 ± 9 ms to 3 ± 1 ms) in both groups, similarly SD1 index (CG: 14 ± 2 to 8 ± 1 ms; GDAC: 14 ± 2 ms to 7 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index remained no differences between the loads in the control group (CG) (28 ± 3 ms to 45 ± 9 ms), but increased significantly in the CAD group (GDAC) (22 ± 2 ms to 79 ± 33 ms). The HR increased significantly from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 69 ± 3 bpm to 93 ± 6 bpm; GDAC: 59 ± 3 bpm to 75 ± 4 bpm). In the leg-press 45º, the RMSSD index decreased from 30% of 1RM in both groups (CG: 29 ± 5 ms to 12 ± 2 ms; GDAC: 28 ± 4 ms to 18 ± 3 ms). The SD1 index decreased in GC from 30% of 1RM (23 ± 4 ms to 7 ± 1 ms) and GDAC from 20% of 1RM (16 ± 3 ms to 11 ± 1 ms). The RMSM index decreased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (34 ± 5 ms to 14 ± 3 ms) and increased from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (28 ± 4 ms to 43 ± 5 ms). The HR increased from 30% of 1RM in the GC (65 ± 3 bpm to 92 ± 4 bpm) and from 35% of 1RM in the GDAC (61 ± 1 to 76 ± 3). Comparing the variables between the equipment, there were lower values for SD1 from GDAC in 35% of 1RM on the bench press. Also observed higher values in the index RMSM in GDAC from 30% of the 1RM bench press inclined. It can be inferred that decreased parasympathetic and increased in sympathetic modulation from 30% of 1RM in both equipments, and the bench press inclined produced marked attenuation in parasympathetic modulation with an increased in sympathetic modulation.