Bibliographies thématiques / Unreinforced Masonry Churches

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Unreinforced Masonry Churches »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Unreinforced Masonry Churches"

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Marotta, Alessandra, Tatiana Goded, Sonia Giovinazzi, Sergio Lagomarsino, Domenico Liberatore, Luigi Sorrentino et Jason M. Ingham. « An inventory of unreinforced masonry churches in New Zealand ». Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 48, no 3 (30 septembre 2015) : 170–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.48.3.170-189.

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Churches are an important part of New Zealand’s historical and architectural heritage. Various earthquakes around the world have highlighted the significant seismic vulnerability of religious buildings, with the extensive damage that occurred to stone and clay-brick unreinforced masonry churches after the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes emphasising the necessity to better understand this structural type. Consequently, a country-wide inventory of unreinforced masonry churches is here identified. After a bibliographic and archival investigation, and a 10 000 km field trip, it is estimated that currently 297 unreinforced masonry churches are present throughout New Zealand, excluding 12 churches demolished in Christchurch because of heavy damage sustained during the Canterbury earthquake sequence. The compiled database includes general information about the buildings, their architectural features and structural characteristics, and any architectural and structural transformations that have occurred in the past. Statistics about the occurrence of each feature are provided and preliminary interpretations of their role on seismic vulnerability are discussed. The list of identified churches is reported in annexes, supporting their identification and providing their address.
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Dizhur, Dmytro, Jason Ingham, Lisa Moon, Mike Griffith, Arturo Schultz, Ilaria Senaldi, Guido Magenes et al. « Performance of masonry buildings and churches in the 22 February 2011 Christchurch earthquake ». Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering 44, no 4 (31 décembre 2011) : 279–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5459/bnzsee.44.4.279-296.

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As part of the ‘Project Masonry’ Recovery Project funded by the New Zealand Natural Hazards Research Platform, commencing in March 2011, an international team of researchers was deployed to document and interpret the observed earthquake damage to masonry buildings and to churches as a result of the 22nd February 2011 Christchurch earthquake. The study focused on investigating commonly encountered failure patterns and collapse mechanisms. A brief summary of activities undertaken is presented, detailing the observations that were made on the performance of and the deficiencies that contributed to the damage to approximately 650 inspected unreinforced clay brick masonry (URM) buildings, to 90 unreinforced stone masonry buildings, to 342 reinforced concrete masonry (RCM) buildings, to 112 churches in the Canterbury region, and to just under 1100 residential dwellings having external masonry veneer cladding. In addition, details are provided of retrofit techniques that were implemented within relevant Christchurch URM buildings prior to the 22nd February earthquake and brief suggestions are provided regarding appropriate seismic retrofit and remediation techniques for stone masonry buildings.
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Goded, T., A. Lewis et M. Stirling. « Seismic vulnerability scenarios of Unreinforced Masonry churches in New Zealand ». Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering 16, no 9 (21 mars 2018) : 3957–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0351-7.

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Manos, George C., Lambros Kotoulas et Evangelos Kozikopoulos. « Evaluation of the Performance of Unreinforced Stone Masonry Greek “Basilica” Churches When Subjected to Seismic Forces and Foundation Settlement ». Buildings 9, no 5 (30 avril 2019) : 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings9050106.

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Unreinforced stone masonry made of low strength mortar has been used for centuries in forming old type stone masonry churches of the “Basilica” typology. The seismic performance of such stone masonry structures damaged during recent strong seismic activity in Greece, combined with long term effects from foundation settlement, is presented and discussed. A simplified numerical process is presented for evaluating the performance of such damaged stone masonry structures, making use of linear and non-linear numerical tools and assumed limit-state failure criteria. In order to obtain a quantification of the in-plane sliding shear failure criterion, a number of stone masonry wallets were built with weak mortar and were tested in the laboratory. Through the comparison of the obtained numerical predictions with the observed structural behaviour for selected cases of stone masonry “Basilica” churches, the validity of the applied simplified numerical process is demonstrated. It is shown that reasonable approximation of the observed performance of such structures can be obtained when the assumed failure criteria are realistic.
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Marotta, Alessandra, Luigi Sorrentino, Domenico Liberatore et Jason M. Ingham. « Seismic Risk Assessment of New Zealand Unreinforced Masonry Churches using Statistical Procedures ». International Journal of Architectural Heritage 12, no 3 (5 juillet 2017) : 448–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2017.1323242.

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Marotta, Alessandra, Luigi Sorrentino, Domenico Liberatore et Jason M. Ingham. « Vulnerability Assessment of Unreinforced Masonry Churches Following the 2010–2011 Canterbury Earthquake Sequence ». Journal of Earthquake Engineering 21, no 6 (22 septembre 2016) : 912–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2016.1206761.

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Pirchio, David, Kevin Q. Walsh, Elizabeth Kerr, Ivan Giongo, Marta Giaretton, Brad D. Weldon, Luca Ciocci et Luigi Sorrentino. « An aggregated non-destructive testing (NDT) framework for the assessment of mechanical properties of unreinforced masonry Italian medieval churches ». Construction and Building Materials 342 (août 2022) : 128041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.128041.

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Pestana, J. M., R. B. Sancio, J. D. Bray, M. P. Romo, M. J. Mendoza, R. E. S. Moss, J. M. Mayoral et R. B. Seed. « Geotechnical Engineering Aspects of the June 1999 Central Mexico Earthquakes ». Earthquake Spectra 18, no 3 (août 2002) : 481–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.1503340.

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An earthquake of moment magnitude (Mw) 7.0 struck the central region of Mexico on 15 June 1999 between the states of Puebla and Oaxaca. A second event with a moment magnitude 6.3 occurred on June 21, also affecting the central region of Mexico but with minor consequences. Attenuation relationships of peak ground acceleration with hypocentral distance for the June 15th event were compared with strong-motion recordings over a variety of geologic site conditions. Significant site amplification was observed and was correlated with deep soil conditions. The June 15th event caused significant damage of unreinforced masonry structures, such as churches and houses, including more than 500 historical buildings. Puebla City and the towns of Tehuacán and Acatlán de Osorio were the urban areas hardest hit by the earthquake. Although the earthquake was felt in Mexico City, the damage was light and mostly restricted to nonstructural elements. Comparison with observations obtained during the September 1985 earthquake suggest that significant soil nonlinearity, resulting in increased amplification at larger periods, can be observed for soft soil sites.
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Pirchio, David, Kevin Q. Walsh, Elizabeth Kerr, Ivan Giongo, Marta Giaretton, Brad D. Weldon, Luca Ciocci et Luigi Sorrentino. « Integrated framework to structurally model unreinforced masonry Italian medieval churches from photogrammetry to finite element model analysis through heritage building information modeling ». Engineering Structures 241 (août 2021) : 112439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112439.

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Preciado, Adolfo, Juan Carlos Santos, Citlalli Silva, Alejandro Ramírez-Gaytán et Jose Manuel Falcon. « Seismic damage and retrofitting identification in unreinforced masonry Churches and bell towers by the september 19, 2017 (Mw = 7.1) Puebla-Morelos earthquake ». Engineering Failure Analysis 118 (décembre 2020) : 104924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104924.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Unreinforced Masonry Churches"

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MAROTTA, ALESSANDRA. « Seismic vulnerability assessment of New Zealand unreinforced masonry churches ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1240428.

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Churches are an important part of the New Zealand historical and architectural heritage, and the extensive damage occurred to stone and clay-brick unreinforced masonry portfolio after the 2010-2011 Canterbury earthquakes emphasises the necessity to better understand this structural type. An effort was undertaken to identify the national stock of unreinforced masonry churches and to interpret the damage observed in the area affected by the earthquakes: of 309 religious buildings recognized and surveyed nationwide, a sample of 80 churches belonging to the Canterbury region is studied and their performance analysed statistically. Structural behaviour is described in terms of mechanisms affecting the so-called macro-elements, and discrete local damage levels are correlated firstly with macroseismic intensity through Damage Probability Matrices, computed for the whole building and for each mechanism. The results show that the severity of shaking alone is not capable to fully explain the damage, strongly influenced by structural details that can worsen the seismic performance or improve it through earthquake-resistant elements. Simple-linear regressions, correlating the mean damage of each mechanism with the macroseismic intensity, but neglecting the difference in the vulnerability of different churches subjected to the same level of shaking, are then improved through use of multiple-linear regressions accounting for vulnerability modifiers. Several statistical procedures are considered in order to select the best regression equation and to assess which parameters have closer relationships with damage. Results show good consistency between observed and expected damage, and the proposed regression models can be used as predictive tools to help determine appropriate seismic retrofit measure to be taken. The conclusions drawn for the Canterbury region are then extended to the whole national stock and a quantitative seismic risk assessment for existing unreinforced masonry churches in New Zealand is presented, using different intensity measures to model the seismic hazard. Seismic risk is first computed mechanism by mechanism, highlighting how some mechanisms are more frequent than others, and that very large damage levels are expected for some New Zealand regions. Whereupon, an alternative synthetic damage index purely based on observed data is proposed to summarise damage related to several mechanisms and it is used to validate the choice of the best index for describing the global damage of a church when dealing with a territorial assessment. Territorial scale assessment of the seismic vulnerability of churches can assist emergency management efforts and facilitate the identification of priorities for more in-depth analysis of individual buildings. Finally, a preliminary attempt for dynamically characterize the response of unreinforced masonry church is conducted.
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palazzi, nuria chiara. « Seismic fragility assessment of unreinforced masonry churches in central Chile ». Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1176599.

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The present thesis focuses on the seismic fragility assessment of unreinforced masonry (URM) churches in central Chile. The intrinsic value of this built heritage is due to its original features, synthesis of local and European architectural cultures. Due to the structural weaknesses of URM monuments, Chile’s high seismic hazard, the absence of design standards and guidelines, and the ineffective performance of recently implemented retrofits, this built heritage is at-risk. For these reasons, the broad scope of this study is to document, for the first time, an essential part of the heritage asset of Chile, and to highlight principal vulnerabilities through a proper safety assessment framework, with the aim to promote conservation policies compatible with heritage identity and meeting new safety requirements. Historical, typological and technological features of the selected churches, consisting of 106 churches, are outlined and consistent categories are formed. Churches of each class share stylistic and technological characteristics, but also and more importantly, the same structural weaknesses. Within this framework, two scales are adopted to investigate the seismic performance of these monuments: territorial and building. At territorial-scale, the selected 106 churches are organized in a database that collects essential information for fragility assessment and damage forecasting (e.g. expected 2010 Maule PGA, architectural, typological, and material parameters). As a result, the main variables that control the seismic fragility of these structures were determined. The main outcome obtained downstream from this survey is related the damage suffered by the entire stock following the 2010 (8.8Mw) Maule earthquake. The matrix of plots for the frequency distributions of the selected variables and damage level frequency diagrams enabled the identification of the following three homogeneous classes. These are: Colonial (CL), Neo-classical & Variant (NC&V) and Neo-gothic (NG). Probability Mass Functions (PMFs)and Empirical Fragility Curves (EFCs) have been obtained using validated models such as a lognormal distribution fitted by least squares, and a generalized linear model function fitted by maximum likelihood estimation. At building-scale, three case studies representative of fragility classes are identified. These churches are: San Francisco in Santiago, San Judas in Malloa, and San Salvador in Santiago. A methodology to assess the seismic performance of these URM structures is provided, and the seismic response and risk quantified. Finally, a new procedure is proposed to evaluate arbitrary structural retrofit interventions in view of more general ICOMOS principles. For each intervention, a conformity level in terms of alignment with conservation principles has been assessed. This methodology has been applied to evaluate the retrofit interventions proposed or implemented to reinforce the three selected case studies. This thesis provides useful predictive tools for seismic risk reduction plans of churches, which is directly usable as a framework to be employed by stakeholders and safety related decision-makers. Moreover, the main findings can be exported to all those contexts in which European architectural revivalisms have influenced local building techniques (e.g. Central and Southern America).
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Unreinforced Masonry Churches"

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Palazzi, Nuria Chiara, Luisa Rovero, Ugo Tonietti, Juan Carlos de la Llera et Cristian Sandoval. « Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Unreinforced Masonry Churches in Central Chile ». Dans RILEM Bookseries, 1172–81. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99441-3_126.

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Manos, George C., Lambros Kotoulas, V. Matsou, Olga Felekidou, J. Arnaoutis et Konstantinos Katakalos. « The Performance of Two Unreinforced Masonry Churches in Greece Under Gravitation and Earthquake Actions ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 691–710. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90788-4_53.

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Marotta, A., L. Sorrentino, D. Liberatore et J. M. Ingham. « Statistical seismic vulnerability of New Zealand unreinforced masonry churches ». Dans Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions : Anamnesis, Diagnosis, Therapy, Controls, 1536–43. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315616995-208.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Unreinforced Masonry Churches"

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Marotta, A., D. Liberatore et L. Sorrentino. « Vulnerability Assessment of Italian Unreinforced Masonry Churches Using Multi-Linear Regression Models ». Dans 12th International Conference on Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions. CIMNE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23967/sahc.2021.318.

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Kotoulas, Lambros, et George Manos. « UNREINFORCED STONE MASONRY CHURCES IN GREECE UNDER GRAVITATIONAL AND EARTHQUAKE ACTIONS ». Dans 7th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering. Athens : Institute of Structural Analysis and Antiseismic Research School of Civil Engineering National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) Greece, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7712/120119.6922.19344.

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Ebeltoft, Richard. « Renovating an Old Building for Cultural Use : A Study in Unreinforced Masonry ». Dans 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.73.

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This paper examines the issue of renovation of buildings in the urban fabric of older central cities. It does so with a the case study of one such building. The building under study is a church that was originally constructed in the early 1900's and was in use into the eighties. Since then, building has been abandoned and fallen into disrepair. The building was renovated for use as a cultural arts and performance center for small user groups. It was an unreinforced masonry building with many structural defects that had to be overcome before any use could be made of the structure. The foundations in the basement were badly deteriorating. It had high spaces with tall unreinforced masonry walls and a truss roof that was in distress.
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