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Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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1

Kang, Jinbum, Dooyoung Go, Ilseob Song et Yangmo Yoo. « Wide Field-of-View Ultrafast Curved Array Imaging Using Diverging Waves ». IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 67, n^o 6 (juin 2020) : 1638–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tbme.2019.2942164.

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Zanda, Gianmarco, Nicolas Sergent, Mark Green, James A. Levitt, Zdeněk Petrášek et Klaus Suhling. « Wide-field single photon counting imaging with an ultrafast camera and an image intensifier ». Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A : Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 695 (décembre 2012) : 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2011.11.087.

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Demené, Charlie, Mathieu Pernot, Valérie Biran, Marianne Alison, Mathias Fink, Olivier Baud et Mickaël Tanter. « Ultrafast Doppler Reveals the Mapping of Cerebral Vascular Resistivity in Neonates ». Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & ; Metabolism 34, n^o 6 (26 mars 2014) : 1009–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.49.

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In vivo mapping of the full vasculature dynamics based on Ultrafast Doppler is showed noninvasively in the challenging case of the neonatal brain. Contrary to conventional pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler Ultrasound limited for >40 years to the estimation of vascular indices at a single location, the ultrafast frame rate (5,000 Hz) obtained using plane-wave transmissions leads to simultaneous estimation of full Doppler spectra in all pixels of wide field-of-view images within a single cardiac cycle and high sensitivity Doppler imaging. Consequently, 2D quantitative maps of the cerebro-vascular resistivity index (RI) are processed and found in agreement with local measurements obtained on large arteries of healthy neonates using conventional PW Doppler. Changes in 2D resistivity maps are monitored during recovery after therapeutic whole-body cooling of full-term neonates treated for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Arterial and venous vessels are unambiguously differentiated on the basis of their distinct hemodynamics. The high spatial (250 × 250 μm2) and temporal resolution (<1 ms) of Ultrafast Doppler imaging combined with deep tissue penetration enable precise quantitative mapping of deep brain vascular dynamics and RI, which is far beyond the capabilities of any other imaging modality.

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Wang, Haoyuan, et Wei Xiong. « Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Hyperspectral Microscopy for Molecular Self-Assembled Systems ». Annual Review of Physical Chemistry 72, n^o 1 (20 avril 2021) : 279–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physchem-090519-050510.

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In this review, we discuss the recent developments and applications of vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) microscopy. This hyperspectral imaging technique can resolve systems without inversion symmetry, such as surfaces, interfaces and noncentrosymmetric self-assembled materials, in the spatial, temporal, and spectral domains. We discuss two common VSFG microscopy geometries: wide-field and confocal point-scanning. We then introduce the principle of VSFG and the relationships between hyperspectral imaging with traditional spectroscopy, microscopy, and time-resolved measurements. We further highlight crucial applications of VSFG microscopy in self-assembled monolayers, cellulose in plants, collagen fibers, and lattice self-assembled biomimetic materials. In these systems, VSFG microscopy reveals relationships between physical properties that would otherwise be hidden without being spectrally, spatially, and temporally resolved. Lastly, we discuss the recent development of ultrafast transient VSFG microscopy, which can spatially measure the ultrafast vibrational dynamics of self-assembled materials. The review ends with an outlook on the technical challenges of and scientific potential for VSFG microscopy.

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Asif, Hira, et Ramazan Sahin. « Modulating the temporal dynamics of nonlinear ultrafast plasmon resonances ». Journal of Optics 24, n^o 4 (11 mars 2022) : 045003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac58a3.

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Abstract Surface plasmon-induced nonlinear optical resonances have shown immense potential in advanced optical imaging and nonlinear photonic devices. However, the ultrashort lifetime of these intense nonlinear fields inhibits their effective use in the vast applications of quantum plasmonics. Here, we propose enhancement in the lifetime of fast decaying second harmonic (SH) plasmon mode through a weak and pure resonant interaction with a two-level quantum emitter (QE). We compute the time evolution of SH response under a two-coupled oscillator model, in which we examine the interaction of short-lived SH mode supported by Au nanoparticle (AuNP) with long-lived dark mode (DM) or QE systems. To analyze the effect of spectral and temporal properties of DM and QE on the SH field, we evaluate the lifetime enhancement factor as a function of coupling strength and tuned resonant frequencies. The results show that tiny object like QE with sharp spectral bandwidth, small decay rate, and large oscillating strength is more efficient to control and probe the temporal dynamics of the SH field, as compared to DM which have a wide spectral bandwidth. Also, we control the lifetime of the SH mode after the natural decay time of the fundamental mode (FM), which distinguishes SH mode irrespective of its spatial convolution with elementary modes. Our proposed AuNP-QE coupled plasmonic system supporting nonlinear signal with enhanced temporal character paves its way for designing efficient on-chip nonlinear optical devices and can be a powerful tool in ultrahigh resolution nonlinear optical imaging.

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Hayashi, Shinichi, et Yasushi Okada. « Ultrafast superresolution fluorescence imaging with spinning disk confocal microscope optics ». Molecular Biology of the Cell 26, n^o 9 (mai 2015) : 1743–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e14-08-1287.

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Most current superresolution (SR) microscope techniques surpass the diffraction limit at the expense of temporal resolution, compromising their applications to live-cell imaging. Here we describe a new SR fluorescence microscope based on confocal microscope optics, which we name the spinning disk superresolution microscope (SDSRM). Theoretically, the SDSRM is equivalent to a structured illumination microscope (SIM) and achieves a spatial resolution of 120 nm, double that of the diffraction limit of wide-field fluorescence microscopy. However, the SDSRM is 10 times faster than a conventional SIM because SR signals are recovered by optical demodulation through the stripe pattern of the disk. Therefore a single SR image requires only a single averaged image through the rotating disk. On the basis of this theory, we modified a commercial spinning disk confocal microscope. The improved resolution around 120 nm was confirmed with biological samples. The rapid dynamics of microtubules, mitochondria, lysosomes, and endosomes were observed with temporal resolutions of 30–100 frames/s. Because our method requires only small optical modifications, it will enable an easy upgrade from an existing spinning disk confocal to a SR microscope for live-cell imaging.

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Phillips, David. « A lifetime in photochemistry ; some ultrafast measurements on singlet states ». Proceedings of the Royal Society A : Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, n^o 2190 (juin 2016) : 20160102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0102.

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We describe here the development of time-correlated single-photon counting techniques from the early use of spark discharge lamps as light sources through to the use of femtosecond mode-locked lasers through the personal work of the author. We used laser-excited fluorescence in studies on energy migration and rotational relaxation in synthetic polymer solutions, in biological probe molecules and in supersonic jet expansions. Time-correlated single-photon counting was the first method used in early fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), and we outline the development of this powerful technique, with a comparison of techniques including wide-field microscopy. We employed these modern forms of FLIM to study single biological cells, and applied FLIM also to gain an understanding the distribution in tissue, and fates of photosensitizer molecules used in photodynamic therapy. We also describe the uses and instrumental design of laser systems for the study of ultrafast time-resolved vibrational spectroscopy.

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Ben Moussa, Olfa, Abderazek Talbi, Sylvain Poinard, Thibaud Garcin, Anne-Sophie Gauthier, Gilles Thuret, Philippe Gain, Aurélien Maurer, Xxx Sedao et Cyril Mauclair. « Characterization of Femtosecond Laser and Porcine Crystalline Lens Interactions by Optical Microscopy ». Micromachines 13, n^o 12 (1 décembre 2022) : 2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13122128.

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The use of ultrafast laser pulses for eye anterior segment surgery has seen a tremendous growth of interest as the technique has revolutionized the field, from the treatment of myopia, hyperopia, and presbyopia in the cornea to laser-assisted cataract surgery of the crystalline lens. For the latter, a comprehensive understanding of the laser–tissue interaction has yet to be achieved, mainly because of the challenge of observing the interaction zone in situ with sufficient spatial and temporal resolution in the complex and multi-layered tissue of the crystalline lens. We report here on the dedicated characterization results of the laser–tissue interaction zone in the ex vivo porcine lens using three different methods: in situ and real-time microscopy, wide-field optical imaging, and phase-contrast microscopy of the histological cross sections. These complementary approaches together revealed new physical and biological consequences of laser irradiation: a low-energy interaction regime (pulse energy below ~1 µJ) with very limited cavitation effects and a stronger photo-disruption regime (pulse energy above 1 µJ) with a long cavitation duration from seconds to minutes, resulting in elongated spots. These advances in the understanding of the ultrafast laser’s interactions with the lens are of the utmost importance for the preparation of the next-generation treatments that will be applied to the lens.

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Yang, Jinfeng. « New crystallography using relativistic femtosecond electron pulses ». Impact 2019, n^o 10 (30 décembre 2019) : 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2019.10.76.

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Ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) with femtosecond temporal resolution has long been a cherished dream tool for scientists wishing to study ultrafast structural dynamics in materials, appealing to researchers from across a wide range of speciality areas. Associate Professor Jinfeng Yang, from the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, at Osaka University in Japan, leads a team working on ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) and ultrafast electron microscopy (UEM) development. 'Through the study of ultrafast phenomena with the UEM, we hope to gain a deeper understanding of materials and their physical properties and achieve a novel breakthrough in materials science,' he highlights. 'We fully expect to facilitate new knowledge and discoveries as a result of our work.' The team's work on relativistic UEM has led to the creation of unprecedented innovative technology that enables femtosecond atomic-scale imaging using just a single shot measurement. This will pave the way for the study of dynamics of irreversible processes within materials sciences. Not only does the group's work represent a huge step forward in innovative technology for researchers working across a number of scientific fields, but it is also progress in developing a very compact, ultra-high voltage electron microscopy. It can also be used in a variety of settings such as general research institutions and laboratories. In addition, through its provision of a solution to the problem of femtosecond temporal resolution our technology is breaking new ground in electronic microscopy developments,' says Yang.

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Su, Xinyang, Ruixue Zhu, Bolin Wang, Yu Bai, Tao Ding, Tianran Sun, Xing Lü, Jiying Peng et Yi Zheng. « Generation of 8–20 μm Mid-Infrared Ultrashort Femtosecond Laser Pulses via Difference Frequency Generation ». Photonics 9, n^o 6 (25 mai 2022) : 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9060372.

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Mid-infrared (MIR) ultrashort laser pulses have a wide range of applications in the fields of environmental monitoring, laser medicine, food quality control, strong-field physics, attosecond science, and some other aspects. Recent years have seen great developments in MIR laser technologies. Traditional solid-state and fiber lasers focus on the research of the short-wavelength MIR region. However, due to the limitation of the gain medium, they still cannot cover the long-wavelength region from 8 to 20 µm. This paper summarizes the developments of 8–20 μm MIR ultrafast laser generation via difference frequency generation (DFG) and reviews related theoretical models. Finally, the feasibility of MIR power scaling by nonlinear-amplification DFG and methods for measuring the power of DFG-based MIR are analyzed from the author’s perspective.

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Song, Bowen, Wenchao Jia, Yanyu Zhao, Hongshi Huang et Yubo Fan. « Ultracompact Deep Neural Network for Ultrafast Optical Property Extraction in Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI) ». Photonics 9, n^o 5 (10 mai 2022) : 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9050327.

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Spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) is a powerful, label-free imaging technique capable of the wide-field quantitative mapping of tissue optical properties and, subsequently, chromophore concentrations. While SFDI hardware acquisition methods have advanced towards video-rate, the inverse problem (i.e., the mapping of acquired diffuse reflectance to optical properties) has remained a bottleneck for real-time data processing and visualization. Deep learning methods are adept at fitting nonlinear patterns, and may be ideal for rapidly solving the SFDI inverse problem. While current deep neural networks (DNN) are growing increasingly larger and more complex (e.g., with millions of parameters or more), our study shows that it can also be beneficial to move in the other direction, i.e., make DNNs that are smaller and simpler. Here, we propose an ultracompact, two-layer, fully connected DNN structure (each layer with four and two neurons, respectively) for ultrafast optical property extractions, which is 30×–600× faster than current methods with a similar or improved accuracy, allowing for an inversion time of 5.5 ms for 696 × 520 pixels. We further demonstrated the proposed inverse model in numerical simulations, and comprehensive phantom characterization, as well as offering in vivo measurements of dynamic physiological processes. We further demonstrated that the computation time could achieve another 200× improvement with a GPU device. This deep learning structure will help to enable fast and accurate real-time SFDI measurements, which are crucial for pre-clinical, clinical, and industrial applications.

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Matos, Ana Paula Pinho, Luciana de Barros Duarte, Pedro Teixeira Castro, Pedro Daltro, Heron Werner Júnior et Edward Araujo Júnior. « Evaluation of the fetal abdomen by magnetic resonance imaging. Part 1 : malformations of the abdominal cavity ». Radiologia Brasileira 51, n^o 2 (15 mars 2018) : 112–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0140.

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Abstract Although ultrasound continues to be the mainstay modality for the evaluation of fetal disorders, fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has often been used as a valuable adjunct in recent years. The exponential growth of the use of fetal MRI has been facilitated by technological advancements such as ultrafast T2-weighted sequences and diffusion-weighted imaging. Fetal MRI can achieve results that are comparable to or better than those of ultrasound, particularly in cases of maternal obesity, severe oligohydramnios, or abnormal fetal position. Because of its superior soft tissue contrast, wide field of view, and multiplanar imaging, fetal MRI is able to evaluate the large fetal organs, such as the lungs, liver, bowel, and kidneys. In addition, fetal MRI allows large or complex malformations to be examined, facilitating the understanding of the malformation within the context of the body as a whole. Initial fetal MRI studies were focused on the central nervous system. With advances in software and hardware, fetal MRI gained importance in the evaluation of the fetal abdomen. The purpose of this article is to review the recent literature and developments in MRI evaluation of the fetal abdomen, with an emphasis on imaging aspects, protocols, and common clinical indications.

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Fathi, Hossein, Mikko Närhi et Regina Gumenyuk. « Towards Ultimate High-Power Scaling : Coherent Beam Combining of Fiber Lasers ». Photonics 8, n^o 12 (10 décembre 2021) : 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8120566.

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Fiber laser technology has been demonstrated as a versatile and reliable approach to laser source manufacturing with a wide range of applicability in various fields ranging from science to industry. The power/energy scaling of single-fiber laser systems has faced several fundamental limitations. To overcome them and to boost the power/energy level even further, combining the output powers of multiple lasers has become the primary approach. Among various combining techniques, the coherent beam combining of fiber amplification channels is the most promising approach, instrumenting ultra-high-power/energy lasers with near-diffraction-limited beam quality. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of coherent beam combining for both continuous-wave and ultrafast fiber lasers. The concept of coherent beam combining from basic notions to specific details of methods, requirements, and challenges is discussed, along with reporting some practical architectures for both continuous and ultrafast fiber lasers.

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Melso, Nicole, David Schiminovich, Brian Smiley, Hwei Ru Ong, Bárbara Cruvinel Santiago, Meghna Sitaram, Ignacio Cevallos Aleman et al. « The Circumgalactic Hα Spectrograph (CHαS). I. Design, Engineering, and Early Commissioning ». Astrophysical Journal 941, n^o 2 (1 décembre 2022) : 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac9d9c.

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Abstract The Circumgalactic Hα Spectrograph (CHαS) is a ground-based optical integral field spectrograph designed to detect ultrafaint extended emission from diffuse ionized gas in the nearby universe. CHαS is particularly well suited for making direct detections of tenuous Hα emission from the circumgalactic medium (CGM) surrounding low-redshift galaxies. It efficiently maps large regions of the CGM in a single exposure, targeting nearby galaxies (d < 35 Mpc) where the CGM is expected to fill the field of view. We are commissioning CHαS as a facility instrument at MDM Observatory. CHαS is deployed in the focal plane of the Hiltner 2.4 m telescope, utilizing nearly all of the telescope’s unvignetted focal plane (10′–15′) to conduct wide-field spectroscopic imaging. The catadioptric design provides excellent wide-field imaging performance. CHαS is a pupil-imaging spectrograph employing a microlens array to divide the field of view into >60,000 spectra. CHαS achieves an angular resolution of [1.3–2.6] arcseconds and a resolving power of R = [10,000–20,000]. Accordingly, the spectrograph can resolve structure on the scale of 1–5 kpc (at 10 Mpc) and measure velocities down to 15–30 km s−1. CHαS intentionally operates over a narrow (30 Å) bandpass; however, it is configured to adjust the central wavelength and target a broad range of optical emission lines individually. A high–diffraction efficiency volume phase holographic grating ensures high throughput across configurations. CHαS maintains a high grasp and moderate spectral resolution, providing an ideal combination for mapping discrete, ultralow–surface brightness emission on the order of a few milli-Rayleigh.

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Wojtkowski, Maciej, Patrycjusz Stremplewski, Egidijus Auksorius et Dawid Borycki. « Spatio-Temporal Optical Coherence Imaging – a new tool for in vivo microscopy ». Photonics Letters of Poland 11, n^o 2 (1 juillet 2019) : 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i2.905.

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Optical Coherence Imaging (OCI) including Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Optical Coherence Microscopy (OCM) uses interferometric detection to generate high-resolution volumetric images of the sample at high speeds. Such capabilities are significant for in vivo imaging, including ophthalmology, brain, intravascular imaging, as well as endoscopic examination. Instrumentation and software development allowed to create many clinical instruments. Nevertheless, most of OCI setups scan the incident light laterally. Hence, OCI can be further extended by wide-field illumination and detection. This approach, however, is very susceptible to the so-called crosstalk-generated noise. Here, we describe our novel approach to overcome this issue with spatio-temporal optical coherence manipulation (STOC), which employs spatial phase modulation of the incident light. Full Text: PDF ReferencesL. Wang, P. P. Ho, C. Liu, G. Zhang, and R. R. Alfano, "Ballistic 2-D Imaging Through Scattering Walls Using an Ultrafast Optical Kerr Gate", Science 253, 769-771 (1991). CrossRef D. Huang, E. A. Swanson, C. P. Lin, J. S. Schuman, W. G. Stinson, W. Chang, M. R. Hee, T. Flotte, K. Gregory, C. A. Puliafito, and et al., "Optical coherence tomography", Science 254, 1178-1181 (1991). CrossRef J. A. Izatt, E. A. Swanson, J. G. Fujimoto, M. R. Hee, and G. M. Owen, "Optical coherence microscopy in scattering media", Opt. Lett. 19, 590-592 (1994). CrossRef D. Borycki, M. Nowakowski, and M. Wojtkowski, "Control of the optical field coherence by spatiotemporal light modulation", Opt. Lett. 38, 4817-4820 (2013). CrossRef D. Borycki, M. Hamkalo, M. Nowakowski, M. Szkulmowski, and M. Wojtkowski, "Spatiotemporal optical coherence (STOC) manipulation suppresses coherent cross-talk in full-field swept-source optical coherence tomography", Biomed. Opt. Express 10, 2032-2054 (2019). CrossRef P. Stremplewski, E. Auksorius, P. Wnuk, L. Kozon, P. Garstecki, and M. Wojtkowski, "In vivo volumetric imaging by crosstalk-free full-field OCT", Optica 6, 608-617 (2019). CrossRef L. Vabre, A. Dubois, and A. C. Boccara, "Thermal-light full-field optical coherence tomography", Opt. Lett. 27, 530-532 (2002). CrossRef M. Laubscher, M. Ducros, B. Karamata, T. Lasser, and R. Salathé, "Video-rate three-dimensional optical coherence tomography", Opt. Express 10, 429-435 (2002). CrossRef Dubois and A. C. Boccara, Full-Field Optical Coherence Tomography, (Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008), pp. 565-591. CrossRef O. Thouvenin, K. Grieve, P. Xiao, C. Apelian, and A. C. Boccara, "En face coherence microscopy [Invited]", Biomedical Opt. Express 8, 622-639 (2017). CrossRef F. Fercher, C. K. Hitzenberger, M. Sticker, E. Moreno-Barriuso, R. Leitgeb, W. Drexler, and H. Sattmann, "A thermal light source technique for optical coherence tomography", Optics Commun. 185, 57-64 (2000). CrossRef R. A. Leitgeb, "En face optical coherence tomography: a technology review [Invited]", Biomed Opt Express 10, 2177-2201 (2019). CrossRef J. Fujimoto and W. Drexler, Introduction to Optical Coherence Tomography, (Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008), pp. 1-45. CrossRef J. A. Izatt, M. A. Choma, and A.-H. Dhalla, Theory of Optical Coherence Tomography, (Springer International Publishing, Cham, 2015), pp. 65-94. CrossRef

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Seo, M., S. Boubanga-Tombet, J. Yoo, Z. Ku, A. V. Gin, S. T. Picraux, S. R. J. Brueck, A. J. Taylor et R. P. Prasankumar. « Ultrafast optical wide field microscopy ». Optics Express 21, n^o 7 (2 avril 2013) : 8763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.008763.

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Gazeli, Kristaq, Guillaume Lombardi, Xavier Aubert, Corinne Y. Duluard, Swaminathan Prasanna et Khaled Hassouni. « Progresses on the Use of Two-Photon Absorption Laser Induced Fluorescence (TALIF) Diagnostics for Measuring Absolute Atomic Densities in Plasmas and Flames ». Plasma 4, n^o 1 (4 mars 2021) : 145–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma4010009.

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Recent developments in plasma science and technology have opened new areas of research both for fundamental purposes (e.g., description of key physical phenomena involved in laboratory plasmas) and novel applications (material synthesis, microelectronics, thin film deposition, biomedicine, environment, flow control, to name a few). With the increasing availability of advanced optical diagnostics (fast framing imaging, gas flow visualization, emission/absorption spectroscopy, etc.), a better understanding of the physicochemical processes taking place in different electrical discharges has been achieved. In this direction, the implementation of fast (ns) and ultrafast (ps and fs) lasers has been essential for the precise determination of the electron density and temperature, the axial and radial gradients of electric fields, the gas temperature, and the absolute density of ground-state reactive atoms and molecules in non-equilibrium plasmas. For those species, the use of laser-based spectroscopy has led to their in situ quantification with high temporal and spatial resolution, with excellent sensitivity. The present review is dedicated to the advances of two-photon absorption laser induced fluorescence (TALIF) techniques for the measurement of reactive species densities (particularly atoms such as N, H and O) in a wide range of pressures in plasmas and flames. The requirements for the appropriate implementation of TALIF techniques as well as their fundamental principles are presented based on representative published works. The limitations on the density determination imposed by different factors are also discussed. These may refer to the increasing pressure of the probed medium (leading to a significant collisional quenching of excited states), and other issues originating in the high instantaneous power density of the lasers used (such as photodissociation, amplified stimulated emission, and photoionization, resulting to the saturation of the optical transition of interest).

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Howie, Archie. « Photon-Assisted Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Ultrafast Imaging ». Microscopy and Microanalysis 15, n^o 4 (3 juillet 2009) : 314–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927609090254.

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AbstractA variety of ways is described in which photons can be used not only for ultrafast electron microscopy but also to enormously widen the energy range of spatially-resolved electron spectroscopy. Periodic chains of femtosecond laser pulses are a particularly important and accurately timed source for single-shot imaging and diffraction as well as for several forms of pump-probe microscopy at even higher spatial resolution and sub-picosecond timing. Many exciting new fields are opened up for study by these developments. Ultrafast, single shot diffraction with intense pulses of X-rays supplemented by phase retrieval techniques may eventually offer a challenging alternative and purely photon-based route to dynamic imaging at high spatial resolution.

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Wynne, C. G. « Wide field imaging ». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 236, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1989) : 47P—50P. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/236.1.47p.

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Ho, Vincent Y., Jarrod M. Wehmeier et Gaurav K. Shah. « WIDE-FIELD INFRARED IMAGING ». Retina 36, n^o 8 (août 2016) : 1439–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/iae.0000000000000963.

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Garrett, M. A., R. W. Porcas, A. Pedlar, T. W. B. Muxlow et S. T. Garrington. « Wide-field VLBI imaging ». New Astronomy Reviews 43, n^o 8-10 (novembre 1999) : 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1387-6473(99)00045-7.

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Qiao, Zhi, Xue Pan, Yudong Yao, Xiaochao Wang, Wei Fan et Xuechun Li. « Full-field ultrafast oscilloscope based on temporal imaging ». Optics Express 27, n^o 5 (28 février 2019) : 7545. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.007545.

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Chhablani, Jay, Abhilasha Alone et Khushboo Chandra. « Wide-field imaging - An update ». Indian Journal of Ophthalmology 69, n^o 4 (2021) : 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijo.ijo_2726_20.

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Miller, Kimberly V., et Andrew W. Eller. « Sclerochoroidal Calcifications : Wide-Field Imaging ». Seminars in Ophthalmology 24, n^o 1 (janvier 2009) : 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08820530802508595.

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Hodges, Matthew P. P., Martin Grell, Nicola A. Morley et Dan A. Allwood. « Wide Field Magnetic Luminescence Imaging ». Advanced Functional Materials 27, n^o 31 (6 juillet 2017) : 1606613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201606613.

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Son, Byung Hee, Jae-Ku Park, Jung Taek Hong, Ji-Yong Park, Soonil Lee et Yeong Hwan Ahn. « Imaging Ultrafast Carrier Transport in Nanoscale Field-Effect Transistors ». ACS Nano 8, n^o 11 (27 octobre 2014) : 11361–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn5042619.

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Kim, Esther Lee, et Andrew A. Moshfeghi. « Wide-field Imaging of Retinal Diseases ». US Ophthalmic Review 08, n^o 02 (2015) : 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/usor.2015.08.02.125.

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Retinal imaging serves as a critical adjunct to the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of numerous ocular diseases. In particular, wide-field retinal imaging is quickly moving to the forefront in imaging the posterior segment. While conventional fundus imaging captures 30 to 50° field of view in a single capture, significant advances have been made in the past 2 decades to increase the viewing angle, speed, and accuracy of fundus photography, such that a single-field capture is now up to 200°. Moreover, multiple imaging modalities, including color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and autofluorescence, are now available a single wide-field imaging platform. This breadth of functionality makes wide-field imaging especially useful in peripheral retinal vascular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy, posterior uveitis, and retinopathy of prematurity. This review aims to provide a historical perspective on wide-field retinal imaging, highlight the imaging platforms currently available, discuss the advantages and disadvantages of wide-field versus conventional fundus imaging, summarize the current clinical applications of wide-field retinal imaging, and provide an outlook for its future implications.

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ARNDT, C., D. BENISTY, S. MASSE, K. VARDI, A. DUCASSE et O. ZAMBROWSKI. « Wide field imaging in Coat‘s disease ». Acta Ophthalmologica 91 (août 2013) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2013.4468.x.

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Kwon, Kanghyuk, Nayoung Kim, Robin W. Havener, Donggwan Won, Seungmin Cho et Jiwoong Park. « Wide Field Imaging Analysis of Graphene ». Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics 24, n^o 3 (25 juin 2013) : 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3807/kjop.2013.24.3.143.

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Cunningham, Emmett T., Marion R. Munk, Szilárd Kiss et Manfred Zierhut. « Ultra-Wide-Field Imaging in Uveitis ». Ocular Immunology and Inflammation 27, n^o 3 (3 avril 2019) : 345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09273948.2019.1605264.

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Witmer, Matthew T., et Szilárd Kiss. « Wide-field Imaging of the Retina ». Survey of Ophthalmology 58, n^o 2 (mars 2013) : 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.survophthal.2012.07.003.

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Atlan, Michael, et Michel Gross. « Wide-field Fourier transform spectral imaging ». Applied Physics Letters 91, n^o 11 (10 septembre 2007) : 113510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2778357.

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Sault, R. J. « Wide Field Imaging at Low Frequencies ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 199 (2002) : 508–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900169682.

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Despite seemingly being poles apart, the two techniques of mosaicing and “polyhedron imaging” in radio interferometer do share some common aspects. This note shows some of these similarities. In particular, a simple method for producing geometrically correct images of large fields is described.

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Tallon, M., et I. Tallon-Bosc. « Beam Combination for Wide Field Imaging ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 158 (1994) : 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090010734x.

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Several limitations reduce the field of view in radio-interferometry. With an optical array, two of them can be overcome to some extent according to the beam combination method. A beam combination in the pupil plane can completely overcome one of them. In the image plane, a beam combination obeying the rules of geometrical optics can overcome both limitations in principle, but is difficult to achieve in practice. We discuss particularly the real case of a Michelson Stellar Interferometer where a periscope partially re-introduces these limitations, yielding a trade-off between the extension of the field of view and the use of the periscope.

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Walker, A. R. « Wide Field Optical Imaging at CTIO ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 179 (1998) : 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900128402.

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The CTIO 4-m and 0.6/0.9-m Schmidt telescopes provide a wide-field CCD imaging capability unequalled in the southern hemisphere. Characteristics of present and future CCD imaging systems for these telescopes are discussed.

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Lipovetsky, V. A. « The Importance of Wide-Field Imaging ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 161 (1994) : 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090004691x.

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The oncoming meeting and the big group of specialists gathered here reminds me of the late sixties, when I started the search for Markarian galaxies at the Byurakan Observatory. We carried out the survey with a 1 m Schmidt telescope (f/2.1). The First Byurakan Survey (FBS) consisted of more than two thousand plates with an exposure time of 30–60 minutes per plate. While guiding the telescope I therefore had plenty of time to think on future survey techniques.

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Fredrick, L. W., G. F. Benedict, R. Duncombe, O. G. Franz, P. D. Hemenway, W. H. Jeffreys, B. McArthur et al. « Pickles : A Wide-Field Imaging Tool ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 161 (1994) : 356–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900047641.

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The program Pickles was developed as an aid for planning HST observations using the Space Telescope Science Institute's Guide Star Catalogue, which was generated from wide-field Schmidt plates. Pickles reads the catalogue from CD-ROM and then displays a one-degree square field. The HST focal plane apertures can then be displayed singly or in any combination which is at the choice of the observer (Fig. 1). The user can generate an aperture of a different type if need be. The stars can be displayed as open or filled circles with their relative sizes indicating their magnitude. Stars or other objects can be added and saved with the field.

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Trimble, V. « An Overview of Wide Field Imaging ». Symposium - International Astronomical Union 161 (1994) : 745–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900048476.

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Wide field imaging can be subdivided in terms of wavelengths, the kinds of emission sought, data types, richness of field, detector types, astronomical objects to be investigated, and probably other ways. These are surveyed with special reference to the talks given in Potsdam, ending with a handful of issues about which disagreement, or at least discussion, persists. Wide field can mean many things. V. Lipovetsky defined it as imaging with 107–8 elements or pixels per field. There are other possibilities. For neutrinos, gravitational radiation, cosmic rays, and (some kinds of) gamma rays, the whole sky is a single (very wide) field. At the other extreme, the HST ‘wide field’ camera covers about 2′ and needs nearly 4 × 107 exposures to survey the sky. In between, the POSS and ESO/SERC Schmidt plates see 6° at a gulp, interestingly similar to the roughly 6° sharp central cone of human vision (you can test this by holding a book at a measured distance from your face and counting how many times your eyes jump in reading a line).

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Tasse, Cyril, Ger van Diepen, Sebastiaan van der Tol, Reinout J. van Weeren, Joris E. van Zwieten, Fabien Batejat, Sanjay Bhatnagar et al. « LOFAR calibration and wide-field imaging ». Comptes Rendus Physique 13, n^o 1 (janvier 2012) : 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2011.10.006.

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Ren, Chi, et Takaki Komiyama. « Characterizing Cortex-Wide Dynamics with Wide-Field Calcium Imaging ». Journal of Neuroscience 41, n^o 19 (23 avril 2021) : 4160–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.3003-20.2021.

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ElKabbash, Mohamed, Ranran Fang, Anatoliy Vorobyev, Sohail A. Jalil, Sandeep Chamoli, Billy Lam, Subhash Singh et Chunlei Guo. « Imaging nanostructure phase transition through ultrafast far-field optical ultramicroscopy ». Cell Reports Physical Science 2, n^o 12 (décembre 2021) : 100651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2021.100651.

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Liu, Haihua, Thomas E. Gage, Amit Jaiswal, Prem Singh, Richard D. Schaller, Tijana Rajh et Ilke Arslan. « Ultrafast Imaging the Evanescent Electromagnetic Field of Nanostructures by UEM ». Microscopy and Microanalysis 26, S2 (30 juillet 2020) : 428–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927620014646.

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Mrejen, M., L. Yadgarov, A. Levanon et H. Suchowski. « Transient exciton-polariton dynamics in WSe2by ultrafast near-field imaging ». Science Advances 5, n^o 2 (février 2019) : eaat9618. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat9618.

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Van der Waals (vdW) materials offer an exciting platform for strong light-matter interaction enabled by their polaritonic modes and the associated deep subwavelength light confinement. Semiconductor vdW materials such as WSe2are of particular interest for photonic and quantum integrated technologies because they sustain visible–near-infrared (VIS-NIR) exciton-polariton (EP) modes at room temperature. Here, we develop a unique spatiotemporal imaging technique at the femtosecond-nanometric scale and observe the EP dynamics in WSe2waveguides. Our method, based on a novel ultrafast broadband intrapulse pump-probe near-field imaging, allows direct visualization of EP formation and propagation in WSe2showing, at room temperature, ultraslow EP with a group velocity ofvg~ 0.017c. Our imaging method paves the way for in situ ultrafast coherent control and extreme spatiotemporal imaging of condensed matter.

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Jiang, Mingjun, Zihan Zhang, Kohei Shimasaki, Shaopeng Hu et Idaku Ishii. « Multi-Thread AI Cameras Using High-Speed Active Vision System ». Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 34, n^o 5 (20 octobre 2022) : 1053–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2022.p1053.

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In this study, we propose a multi-thread artificial intelligence (AI) camera system that can simultaneously recognize remote objects in desired multiple areas of interest (AOIs), which are distributed in a wide field of view (FOV) by using single image sensor. The proposed multi-thread AI camera consists of an ultrafast active vision system and a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based ultrafast object recognition system. The ultrafast active vision system can function as multiple virtual cameras with high spatial resolution by synchronizing exposure of a high-speed camera and movement of an ultrafast two-axis mirror device at hundreds of hertz, and the CNN-based ultrafast object recognition system simultaneously recognizes the acquired high-frame-rate images in real time. The desired AOIs for monitoring can be automatically determined after rapidly scanning pre-placed visual anchors in the wide FOV at hundreds of fps with object recognition. The effectiveness of the proposed multi-thread AI camera system was demonstrated by conducting several wide area monitoring experiments on quick response (QR) codes and persons in nature spacious scene such as meeting room, which was formerly too wide for a single still camera with wide angle lens to simultaneously acquire clear images.

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Kulikov, A. N., D. S. Maltsev, M. A. Burnasheva, V. V. Volkov, V. F. Danilichev et R. L. Troyanovskiy. « Wide-Field Imaging with NAVILAS Laser System ». Ophthalmology in Russia 16, n^o 2 (30 juin 2019) : 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2019-2-210-217.

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Purpose: to study the potential of wide-field imaging with NAVILAS laser system.Material and methods. In this study we included patients diagnosed with indirect ophthalmoscopy as having one of the follows: diabetic retinopathy (6 eyes), central retinal vein occlusion (5 eyes), choroidal melanoma (3 eyes), rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (4 eyes), and peripheral chorioretinal degeneration (10 eyes). Using NAVILAS 532 laser system and a wide-field contact lens (HR Wide Field (VOLK)) a wide-field central image and a panoramic (consisted of 4 to 6 images) images were obtained in all patients. Fundus images were evaluated according to their diagnostic value versus indirect ophthalmoscopy and wideness of the viewing angle versus standard color fundus photography (55°). In each patient within a single session were obtained: 1) a central fundus image and 2) panoramic image (4-field and in dynamic mode). In a subgroup of patients with central retinal vein occlusion and lattice retinal degeneration, we studied the ability of simultaneous laser photocoagulation wide-field imaging.Results. A single field images obtained with NAVILAS allows to visualize up to 130.3 ± 9.6° of the eye fundus while four-field and dynamic acquisition up to 150.1 ± 8.9° and 171.3 ± 17.0°, respectively. Representative findings of diabetic retinopathy, central retinal vein occlusion, choroidal melanoma, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and peripheral lattice degeneration were identified in all cases. Insufficient visualization was found for “snail track” degeneration because the subtle retina and choroid changes were hardly seen on the low magnified image. In 4 patients with lattice retinal degeneration and 3 patients with central retinal vein occlusion within a single session, both wide-field imaging and laser photocoagulation were performed. Surgical goals were achieved in all cases.Conclusion. Wide-field imaging with NAVILAS laser system demonstrated high potential in the documentation of the most widely spread eye fundus disease the and represents an adequate alternative for wide-field fundus cameras. Aside from wide-field imaging this approach also allows for simultaneous laser photocoagulation in entire eye fundus including far peripheral retina.

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Mudvari, Sachin S., Vanee V. Virasch, Ramesh M. Singa et Mathew W. Maccumber. « Ultra-Wide–Field Imaging for Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ». Ophthalmic Surgery, Lasers, and Imaging 41, n^o 3 (1 mai 2010) : 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/15428877-20100430-03.

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Xiaoxia Zhao, 宋清宝, 闻丞 Yongjun Xie et 张岩 Wei Zhao. « Wide field-of-view foveated imaging system ». Chinese Optics Letters 6, n^o 8 (2008) : 561–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col20080608.0561.

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Gray, Kayla E. « Wide-Field Ex Vivo Dual Imaging Microscopy ». Cornea 37 (juin 2018) : S11—S13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ico.0000000000001644.

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Nagahara, Hajime, et Yasushi Yagi. « Lensless imaging for wide field of view ». Optical Engineering 54, n^o 2 (23 février 2015) : 025114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.oe.54.2.025114.

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Ausserré, Dominique, et Marie-Pierre Valignat. « Wide-Field Optical Imaging of Surface Nanostructures ». Nano Letters 6, n^o 7 (juillet 2006) : 1384–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl060353h.

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