Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Ukhta (Komi, Russia) »

A sample of Domanik shale from a stratotype section along the river Chut (Ukhta District, Komi Republic, Russia) was affected to temperatures of 250—375 °C in an autoclave in the presence of water. The composition and yield of the resulting hydrocarbon gases was studied by gas chromatography. The yield of all C1—C5 hydrocarbons grew exponentially with increasing temperature in the autoclave. The total yield of gaseous hydrocarbons C1—C5 at 375 °C was 71 mg/g Corg and reached 18 mg/g Corg for methane. The increasing temperature in the autoclave resulted in decreasing ratio of methane/C2+ gases, which reflected a changing mechanism of methane formation at the corresponding stage of the thermal evolution of the Domanik organic matter.

The Pizhemskoye titanium deposit (Middle Timan) has become one of the most attractive deposits for the industrial development in Russia as a result of the successful protection and approval of reserves at the State Reserves Committee (November 2020). 60 years have passed since the first finds of titanium mineralization in the basin of the Pechora Pizhma and Umba rivers by the thematic teams of the Ukhta Geological Exploration Department and the Komi branch of the Academy of Sciences, and now the deposit is considered one of the largest in Russia and the World. Together with the Yarega oil-titanium deposit, they contain up to 80% of the reserves and predicted resources of titanium in Russia. Timan becomes the largest raw material base of titanium in the world, the intensive development of which is possible for several hundred years. The article highlights the geological structure of the Pizhemskoye deposit (revealed a cellular, bowl-like structure of ore bodies); material and complex polymineral composition of ores; the Neoproterozoic age. The author proves the hydrothermal-metamorphogenic genesis of the ores, considers the sources of the mineral matter and solution of the technological scheme for processing refractory ores. The Pizhemskoye deposit is classified as a new pseudorutile-leucoxene-quartz subtype of primary metamorphogenic deposits.

The Yarega field is currently the only one in Russia where oil production is carried out by the thermal mining method. The deposit was discovered in 1932, and it is located in the southern part of the Timan-Pechora province, in the Ukhta district of the Komi Republic. The oil of the Yarega field has a high viscosity, and in order to ensure its production, the oil-bearing formation is thermally affected by steam supply through steam-falling (injection) wells into the rock mass. Depending on the development system used, steam injection can be carried out both through surface vertical wells and through underground hollow ascending wells. A combination of these methods is also possible. The heated oil-containing liquid from the producing wells located in the underground mining galleries of the mine is delivered to the surface using the existing collection and transportation system. The uniqueness of the technology of thermal mining production of heavy oil creates additional difficulties in the development of various technical solutions due to the lack of experience in operating such objects in Russia. This oil extraction technology is accompanied by an increase in the temperature and humidity of the mine atmosphere in mine workings, due to the presence of heat sources and areas where steam enters the mine working. Despite the applied technical solutions (increasing ventilation performance, cooling the air by spraying cold water, erecting additional concrete fasteners), there is a possibility of the microclimatic parameters of the air in the mine workings going beyond the established limits. In order to normalize the parameters of the mine atmosphere, a whole complex of technical and organized measures is being implemented, including thermal insulation of heat sources using modern materials. The article discusses various technologies for the use of thermal insulation coatings, analyzes their efficiency and offers solutions for choosing the optimal ways to reduce the temperature and humidity of air in the mine workings.

В Ухтинском государственном техническом университете ежегодно обучаются студенты из ближнего и дальнего зарубежья по программам бакалавриата и магистратуры по основным образовательным программам на русском языке. Входное тестирование, проведенное с целью первичной диагностики знаний в области математики и русского языка, показало, что большинство студентов допускают не математические ошибки, относящиеся к решению уравнений, неравенств и т. д., а лингвистические, связанные с непониманием словесного текста предметного содержания. Полученные результаты проверки, а также изученный опыт преподавания математики иностранным студентам в вузах Республики Коми и других регионов послужили причиной для разработки специальной собственной системы обучения. Методологической основой системы обучения является принцип постепенного расширения знаний, умений и навыков в языковой, предметно-языковой и предметной математической области на неродном русском языке, обеспечивая нормирование лингвистической нагрузки и достижение планируемых результатов обучения. Основными компонентами системы являются: цели и содержание обучения, адаптированные к обучению иностранных студентов; интерактивные методы обучения (взаимообмен темами, взаимообмен заданиями, взаимодиктанты и др.); коллективные организационные формы; специализированные учебные ресурсы (дидактические материалы с методически обоснованными лексико-грамматическими конструкциями, двуязычные математические словари, визуализация учебной информации и др.). Ukhta State Technical University annually trains students from near and far abroad in bachelor’s and master’s degree programs in basic educational programs in Russian. Despite passing the propaedeutic mathematics course at the preparatory department, students experience significant difficulties in studying higher mathematics in the first year. The initial testing conducted for the purpose of the first diagnostics of knowledge in the field of mathematics and the Russian language showed that the majority of students make not mathematical errors related to solving equations, inequalities, etc., but linguistic errors related to misunderstanding of the verbal text of the subject content. The obtained test results, and the studied experience of teaching mathematics to foreign students in universities of the Komi Republic and other regions, served as a reason for the development of a special own teaching system. The methodological basis of the teaching system is the principle of gradual expansion of knowledge, skills and abilities in the language, subject-language and subject-thematic area in a non-native Russian language, ensuring the normalization of the linguistic load and the achievement of the planned teaching outcomes. The main components of the system are: the goals and content of teaching adapted to the teaching of foreign students; interactive teaching methods (interchange of topics, interchange of tasks, interdictants, etc.); collective organizational forms; specialized educational resources (didactic materials with methodically sound lexical and grammatical constructions, bilingual mathematical dictionaries, visualization of educational information, etc.). The search and development of effective organizational forms and methods of teaching foreign students are actual tasks that require a great personal contribution and professionalism of teachers, and productive cooperation with the educational structures of the university aimed at social and linguistic adaptation of students and support of the educational process. The ideas of teaching mathematics to foreign students put forward and implemented in pedagogical practice allow us to talk about the development of a system of teaching students who do not speak Russian well at th e university.

The article presents an overview of the land control conducted on the territory of the Ukhta municipal district, which is part of the Komi Republic. Municipal land control is a framework that ensures the use of land and land plots, as interpreted by Russian legislation. The bodies whose powers include control over the use of land and land plots within the boundaries of a municipality are the regulatory instrument for the activities of individuals, legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. In accordance with the current legislation, risk management during municipal land control and the assessment system on the territory of the Ukhta municipal district is not applied. When implementing municipal land control, records are kept of land control objects owned by the Ukhta municipal District, state ownership of which is not delimited. According to the Regulation, the types of preventive measures are established on the territory of the Ukhta municipal district: generalization of law enforcement practice, informing, consulting, preventive visit, announcement, warning. The results of law enforcement practice are displayed in the annual report, which is subject to approval by the head of the Ukhta municipal district and is posted on the official portal of the administration. Based on the analysis, the main problems in municipal land control in the territory of the Komi Republic have been identified: insufficient technical support, lack of authorized bodies and officials to carry out land control measures, low level of regulation in municipal legal acts, limited capabilities of the inspector. To solve the considered problems, a number of recommendations are proposed: proper technical support, amendments to the legislative framework on the issue of expanding the powers of the municipal inspector, professional development of inspectors, differentiation of responsibilities of municipal and state land control.