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1
Rufato, David Cesar, Pablo Henrique Cipriano, Antônio Carlos Muniz Ventura Júnior et Maria Aparecida Bovério. « LUBRIFICAÇÃO EM TURBINAS A VAPOR ». SITEFA - Simpósio de Tecnologia da Fatec Sertãozinho 3, no 1 (7 mars 2021) : 192–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.33635/sitefa.v3i1.127.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Desde a revolução industrial, uma das maiores preocupações dentro de uma indústria é evitar paradas indesejadas de seus equipamentos. Por décadas, a manutenção vem se especializando em métodos e meios para que a produção seja plena, sem contratempos. Nesse sentido, essa pesquisa tem por finalidade apresentar a importância da lubrificação industrial em turbinas a vapor, o uso correto de lubrificantes e como é feito seu descarte. Um bom plano de lubrificação dará a plenitude da vida útil de peças e equipamentos. Esse artigo teve como objetivo analisar os métodos de lubrificação em uma destilaria, especificamente em uma turbina. O tema-problema da pesquisa foi saber quais são os processos de lubrificação em uma turbina a vapor. Por meio de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e de um estudo de caso em uma destilaria da região de Ribeirão Preto/SP, buscou-se investigar a lubrificação em turbinas a vapor, os métodos corretos de se fazer a lubrificação, o descarte do óleo lubrificante, a filtragem e o que ocasiona o desgaste. Como resultados dessa pesquisa pôde-se verificar que o processo de lubrificação em uma turbina a vapor é um sistema simples, porém eficaz. Conclui-se que a lubrificação é um fator decisivo sendo uma fonte de ganhos, proporcionando melhor rendimento dos equipamentos e, principalmente, a redução dos custos efetivos da manutenção.
2
Muhamad Rizky Septianto, Massus Subekti et Daryanto. « RANCANG BANGUN TURBIN UAP PADA MAKET PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA UAP ». Journal of Electrical Vocational Education and Technology 2, no 2 (29 mars 2020) : 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jevet.0022.08.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study was to produce a prototype steam turbine at maket power plant steam generator
torque that can play. The research method used in this research is descriptive analysis by type of engineering. Steam turbine is a Primemover that converts potential energy into mechanical energy in the form of rotation of the turbine shaft. Steam turbine constructed dimensions turbine type used single stage impulse turbine, turbine disc diameter of 33mm, the amount of movement of the blade 30 pieces, the distance between the blade
14,6mm, radious 2,63mm blade, the type of nozzle used convergent, area 3,2cm2 neck cross-section, the cross sectional area of 3,2cm2 side exit. Mockups of the steam turbine can generate 1490 rpm for turbine with a steam generator at a pressure of 4 kg/cm2 using a water volume of 19 liters. Maximum pressure that can be accepted by the steam turbine is 8 kg/cm2 with 11.000rpm, produced according to the process of heating boiler
which is the maximum vapor pressure of 8kg/cm2 at a temperature of 1700C. and and be able to turn a generator with a torque of 4.6 Nm with a pressure of 8 kg/cm2
The conclusion of this study is the turbine can be built through the calculations have been carried out and taking into account the performance of the boiler and steam generator.Turbin built to produce 1336.6 rpm to spin the turbine without the steam generator at a pressure of 2 kg / cm2. Steam turbines are built to produce
1408 rpm, and generates a voltage 140.8 volts, and be able to play generatoe torque of 0.6 Nm for turbine with the steam generator at a pressure of 4 kg / cm2. Maximum pressure received by the steam turbine is 8 kg / cm2 at 10 453 rpm for the turbine without a generator, and a voltage of 271.8 volts produces, as well as being able to roll generatoe torque of 0.9 Nm for turbine with a generator on the vapor pressure of the incoming sebesae
8 kg / cm2.
Abstrak
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan prototipe turbin uap yang mampu memutar torsi generator. Metode penelitian yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis deskriptif dengan jenis rekayasa
teknik. Turbin uap (steam turbine) adalah penggerak mula yang merubah energi potensial menjadi energi mekanis dalam bentuk putaran poros turbin. Turbin uap yang dibangun memiliki dimensi jenis turbin yang
digunakan turbin impuls single stage, cakram turbin berdiameter 33 mm, jumlah sudu gerak 30 buah, jarak bagi antar sudu 14,6mm, jari–jari sudu 2,63mm, jenis nosel yang digunakan konvergen, luas penampang leher
3,2cm2, luas penampang sisi keluar 3,2cm2. Maket turbin uap tersebut dapat menghasilkan 1490 rpm untuk putaran turbin dengan generator pada tekanan uap 4 kg/cm2 menggunakan volume air 19 liter. Tekanan
maksimal yang mampun diterima oleh turbin uap ini adalah 8 kg/cm2 dengan 11.000rpm, sesuai yang dihasilkan pada proses memanasan boiler yaitu tekanan uap maksimalnya adalah 8kg/cm2 pada suhu 170oC. serta mampu memutar generator dengan torsi 4,6 N dengan tekanan 8 kg/cm2.
Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah turbin dapat dibangun melalui perhitungan yang telah dilakukan dan dengan mempertimbangkan unjuk kerja antara boiler dan generator.Turbin uap yang dibangun dapat
menghasilkan 1336,6 rpm untuk putaran turbin tanpa generator pada tekanan uap 2 kg/cm2. Turbin uap yang dibangun dapat menghasilkan 1408 rpm, dan menghasilkan tegangan 140,8 volt, serta mampu memutar torsi generatoe sebesar 0,6 Nm untuk putaran turbin dengan generator pada tekanan uap 4 kg/cm2. Tekanan maksimal yang diterima oleh turbin uap ini adalah 8 kg/cm2 dengan 10.453 rpm untuk putaran turbin tanpa generator, dan menghasilkan tegangan 271,8 volt, serta mampu memutar torsi generatoe sebesar 0,9 Nm untuk
putaran turbin dengan generator pada tekanan uap yang masuk sebesae 8 kg/cm2.
3
Kicha, M. A., V. S. Mikhailenko et D. S. Malovik. « Concentration of saturated turbine oil vapors in ship spaces as function of temperature ». Transactions of the Krylov State Research Centre 1, no 403 (15 février 2023) : 107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24937/2542-2324-2023-1-403-107-115.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Object and purpose of research. The archival results of the study of the dependence of the concentration of saturated turbine oil vapors in the air of the ship's room on temperature in the range from 15 °С to 110 °С are presented. Subject matter and methods. The method of measuring the mass loss of an equilibrium cell containing the test sample in an air stream with a known temperature and flow rate providing saturation of the air with turbine oil vapors is used. Main results. Experimental data are theoretically justified by a dependency that provides reliable interpolation and extrapolation. Conclusion. The data obtained can be used in calculating the concentration of turbine oil in shipboard and other rooms, as well as for planning similar studies of other turbine oils and other liquids with a low saturated vapor pressure. The data can also be useful in the development of test equipment to test the effectiveness of air filters.
4
Zhalehrajabi, Ehsan, et Nejat Rahmanian. « Nucleation and Condensation Modeling of Metal Vapor in Laval Nozzle ». Advanced Materials Research 925 (avril 2014) : 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.925.185.
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Nucleation and condensation of mercury vapor has been investigated in various divergent angle and operating condition. Divergent angle has a great effect on droplet size at the end of nozzle. Influence of operating condition such as pressure and temperature on the size of droplet has been investigated. A one-dimensional mathematical model based on classical nucleation and growth has been developed to calculate the nucleation and condensation of mercury vapor. A mercury vapour turbine has been used in conjunction with a steam turbine for generating electricity. The mercury cycle offers an efficiency increase compared to a steam-only cycle because energy can be injected into the Rankine Cycle at higher temperature. The target of modeling is predicting the droplet size of mercury nanoparticles during rapid expansion. The results are verified by accurate experimental data available in the literature. The governing equations were solved using Runge-Kutta third-order numerical method in MATLAB software.
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Wiśniewski, Sławomir, et Aleksandra Borsukiewicz-Gozdur. « The influence of vapor superheating on the level of heat regeneration in a subcritical ORC coupled with gas power plant ». Archives of Thermodynamics 31, no 3 (1 septembre 2010) : 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10173-010-0022-9.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The influence of vapor superheating on the level of heat regeneration in a subcritical ORC coupled with gas power plantThe authors presented problems related to utilization of exhaust gases of the gas turbine unit for production of electricity in an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) power plant. The study shows that the thermal coupling of ORC cycle with a gas turbine unit improves the efficiency of the system. The undertaken analysis concerned four the so called "dry" organic fluids: benzene, cyclohexane, decane and toluene. The paper also presents the way how to improve thermal efficiency of Clausius-Rankine cycle in ORC power plant. This method depends on applying heat regeneration in ORC cycle, which involves pre-heating the organic fluid via vapour leaving the ORC turbine. As calculations showed this solution allows to considerably raise the thermal efficiency of Clausius-Rankine cycle.
6
Nugroho, Ady Setya. « Perencanaan Pipa Dua Fasa pada Fasilitas Produksi Panas Bumi Dieng ». Jurnal Offshore : Oil, Production Facilities and Renewable Energy 3, no 1 (30 juin 2019) : 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30588/jo.v3i1.492.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<p><span><span><span>Lapangan Panas Bumi Dieng beroperasi sejak tahun 2004 dengan kapasitas turbin 60 MW serta memiliki target produksi sebesar 55 MW selama tigapuluh tahun. Lapangan ini, masih layak untuk dilakukan pengembangan dengan total sebesar 110 MW. Dalam mengoptimalkan kualitas uap (<em>steam quality</em>) dari kepala sumur sampai dengan input turbin maka perlu adanya perencanan mengenai dimensi dari pipa yang mengalirkan uap. Parameter yang diperhatikan dalam perencanaan pipa dua fasa yaitu diameter pipa dan penurunan tekanan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menentukan diameter pipa dua fasa dan penurunan tekanan pada salah satu sumur pengembangan lapangan Panas Bumi Dieng. Metodologi perhitungan dimensi pipa ini menggunakan standar ASME dalam penentuan diameter pipa dan menghitung besarnya penurunan tekanan sebelum input turbin menggunakan <em>software pipesim. </em>Hasil perhitungan salah satu sumur yang memiliki masa aliran sebesar 60 kg/s <span> </span>didapatkan jenis pipa Xtra Strong (XS) kualitas uap 0.176 dengan diameter pipa 8 inchi serta kecepatan aliran yang optimal sebesar 27.33 m/s <span> </span>serta penurunan tekanan dari <em>well head</em> menuju separator adalah 7, 476 bar dengan tekanan input turbin sebesar 22,985 bar.</span></span></span></p><p><em>Dieng Geothermal Field operates since 2004 with a 60 MW turbine capacity and has a production target of 55 MW for thirty years. This field is still feasible for development with a total of 110 MW. In optimizing the quality of steam (steam quality) from the wellhead to the turbine input, it is necessary to plan on the dimensions of the pipe that flows steam. Parameters that are considered in planning two-phase pipes are pipe diameter and pressure drop. The research objective was to determine the two-phase pipe diameter and pressure drop at one of the wells in the Dieng Geothermal field development. The methodology for calculating the pipe dimensions uses the ASME standard in determining pipe diameter and calculating the amount of pressure drop before the turbine input using pipesim software. The calculation results of one well that has a flow period of 60 kg / s obtained Xtra Strong (XS) pipe type vapor quality 0.176 with 8 inches pipe diameter and optimal flow velocity of 27.33 m / s and pressure drop from well head to separator is 7 , 476 bars with turbine input pressure of 22,985 bars.</em></p>
7
Cuevas Arteaga, C. « CREVICES CORROSION IN CRACKS OF AISI-410 USED IN STEAM TURBINES BLADES ». Revista Mexicana de Ingeniería Química 18, no 1 (1 avril 2019) : 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/izt/dcbi/revmexingquim/2019v18n1/cuevas.
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Davydenkov, I. A., A. B. Davydov et G. A. Perestoronin. « Vapor-liquid turbine expansion engines ». Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 31, no 2 (février 1995) : 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01147389.
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KUDINOV, Anatoliy Aleksandrovich, et Sergey Petrovich GORLANOV. « EFFICIENCY INCREASE OF GAS-TURBINE INSTALLATION BY INJECTION OF WATER VAPOR IN THE NK-37 ENGINE COMBUSTION CHAMBER ». Urban construction and architecture 4, no 1 (15 mars 2014) : 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2014.01.18.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The analysis of work of the gas-turbine GTU-25 installation on the basis of the aviation NK-37 engine is made at injection of water vapor in the combustion chamber, advantages and restrictions of this way are described, graphic dependences of the main indicators of overall performance of gas-turbine installation on a consumption of injectable water vapor are given to the combustion chamber.
10
Salazar-Pereyra, Martin, Agustín Mora-Ortega, Angélica E. Bonilla-Blancas, Raúl Lugo-Leyte et Helen D. Lugo-Méndez. « Análisis paramétrico de las centrales geotermoeléctricas : Vapor seco, cámara flash y ciclos híbridos ». DYNA 84, no 203 (1 octobre 2017) : 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v84n203.66126.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En este trabajo se presenta el análisis termodinámico de las centrales geotérmicas con configuraciones de vapor seco, cámaras flash y ciclos híbridos en función de las condiciones del recurso geotérmico y la presión de la primera cámara flash, considerando la calidad del vapor de la última etapa de expansión como restricción límite de operación; se obtienen las curvas de trabajo de las turbinas de vapor y los perfiles de temperatura del ciclo binario. Para las configuraciones con vapor húmedo, el arreglo con tres cámaras flash presenta la mayor eficiencia térmica, exergética y de trabajo de las turbinas de vapor, por ejemplo para una temperatura de 200°C, el máximo trabajo generado es de 80.11 kJ/kg con una presión de la primera cámara flash de 6.0 bar, la eficiencia térmica y exergética de 10.7% y 44.0% respectivamente, esto se debe principalmente al aprovechamiento del aumento de la entalpía y exergía del vapor.
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Twayna, Ranjeet, Ram Manandhar, Bikash Singh, Dadiram Dahal, Atmaram Kayastha et Biraj Singh Thapa. « Numerical investigation of Cavitation in Francis Turbine ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 1037, no 1 (1 juin 2022) : 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1037/1/012017.
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Abstract Cavitation is one of the major challenges in the Himalayan rivers of Nepal that cause damage and degradation of the performance of hydraulic turbine components. Numerical analysis has been performed to investigate the cavitation effect in the Francis turbine. For detection of cavitation, the SST turbulence model using Rayleigh plesset equation has been used in ANSYS-CFX. The turbine is investigated for three different operating conditions i.e. part load, BEP and full load under cavitation and without cavitation. The results are shown based on efficiency, pressure fluctuation, vortex rope and vapor volume fraction. It has been observed that changes in efficiency and pressure distribution are found to be minimal between cavitation and without cavitation conditions at rated discharge and head. Under part load condition, turbine efficiency loss and vapor bubbles formation at the leading edge of the runner blade is found to be maximum.
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Agarwal, Shyam, B. B. Arora et Akhilesh Arora. « Thermodynamic Analysis Of vapour-Absorption (H2O- LiBr)-Compression Combined Refrigeration System Energized Bya Microgas-Turbine ». International Journal of Advance Research and Innovation 6, no 4 (2018) : 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.51976/ijari.641815.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The current analysis comprises the configuration of combined refrigeration system which is integration of a vapour compression and vapour absorption system. The integrated system is energized by a microgas turbine to generate cooling at the low temperatures. The waste heat from the exhaust of microgas turbine is used to drive the vapour absorption system while the vapour compression system is directly powered by the small gas turbine. The compression system is at the low temperature stage while the absorption system is at high temperature stage boost the performance of compression system. A computational thermodynamic analysis of the combined system is carried out using mass energy governing equations. It has been concluded on the basis of result obtained that the performance of combined refrigeration systems is higher and less energy consuming.
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Hake, Leander, Felix Reinker, Robert Wagner, Stefan aus der Wiesche et Markus Schatz. « The Profile Loss of Additive Manufactured Blades for Organic Rankine Cycle Turbines ». International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 7, no 1 (21 mars 2022) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp7010011.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Results from an experimental profile loss study are presented of an additive manufactured linear turbine cascade placed in the test section of a closed-loop organic vapor wind tunnel. This test facility at Muenster University of Applied Sciences allows the investigation of high subsonic and transonic organic vapor flows under ORC turbine flow conditions at elevated pressure and temperature levels. An airfoil from the open literature was chosen for the cascade, and the organic vapor was Novec 649TM. Pitot probes measured the flow field upstream and downstream of the cascade. The inflow turbulence level was 0.5%. The roughness parameters of the metal-printed blades were determined, and the first set of flow measurements was performed. Then, the blade surfaces were further finished, and the impact of roughness on profile losses was assessed in the second flow measurement set. Although the Reynolds number level was relatively high, further surface treatment reduces the profile loss noticeably in organic vapor flows through the printed cascade.
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Amin Mobarak, Mostafa Shawky Abdel Moez et Shady Ali. « Quasi Three-Dimensional Design for a Novel Turbo-Vapor Compressor and the Last Stage of a Low-Pressure Steam Turbine ». Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 85, no 2 (5 août 2021) : 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.85.2.113.
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Turbo-vapor compressors (TVCs) are used to create a vacuum pressure in the evaporator of a novel combined cycle for electricity and freshwater production invented by Amin Mobarak. A novel design conceived of a TVC is introduced to increase the efficiency, allowable mass flow rate and reduce costs and losses. The system consists of a single axial compressor rotor followed by a single axial turbine rotor, which drives the upstream compressor, allowing high flow rates. A quasi-3D design is carried out for the TVC to calculate the flow velocity components and angles and ensure that the turbo-vapor turbine work is equal to the turbo-vapor compressor work. A preliminary design of the low-pressure power turbine (LPT) is done to examine the size and number of stages. The (LPT) size is twice the size of TVC at typical cycle operating conditions. A three-stage design is the most appropriate choice for the number of stages. It satisfies the accelerating relative flow condition at the last stage over a range of flow coefficients. A quasi-3D design is carried out for the LPT's last stage to ensure a multi-stage power turbine's safe design.
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Mazur, Z., J. Kubiak et A. Hernández. « Reparación por soldadura de rotores de turbinas de vapor y de gas fabricados con aceros al Cr-Mo-V ». Revista de Metalurgia 35, no 2 (30 avril 1999) : 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/revmetalm.1999.v35.i2.612.
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S, Praveen, Marimuthu S, Manivannan S, Daniel Das A et Gizachew Assefa Kerga. « Effect of Cavitation with Vibration on the Powerhouse Structure of Bulb Turbines Installed in Hydropower Stations ». Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (3 octobre 2022) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2542447.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Hydro energy is one of the world’s most abundant and valuable renewable electricity sources. Hydropower is an important source since it is a clean, sustainable, and cost-effective source of energy. The most perilous characteristic that affects the performance of the hydraulic turbine and its allied parts is the cavitation phenomenon, which is clear as the increase of vapor bubbles in the liquid through any hydraulic turbine. Cavitation causes vibration, which is very harmful to turbine guide bearings and their supporting structures. Sometimes heavy vibration causes cracks in the civil structure of the powerhouse where the bulb turbines are installed. The performance of the bulb turbine and the stability of the powerhouse structure are studied with the effect of cavitation, vibration, and deformation of the turbine casing. Experimental measurements are used to determine at what force the shape of cavitation is very destructive and crucial when the local pressure is less than the vapor pressure of the flowing water, at which static pressure cavities begin to breed and ruin. This paper focuses on small hydropower stations with bulb turbine installations, which emphasized the performance improvement of these turbines by avoiding cavitation on the runner blades. Allowing some cavitation on these machines is also recommended, which is within repairable condition, and the cavitation pitting can be repaired during annual maintenance.
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Kerimkhulle, Seyit, Gulmira Azieva, Ainur Saliyeva et Ayagoz Mukhanova. « Estimation of the volume of production of turbine vapor of a fuel boiler with stochastic exogenous factors ». E3S Web of Conferences 339 (2022) : 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202233902006.
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The paper is based on the analysis and review of the conceptual principles, methodology and practice of modelling water-steam processes of a fuel boiler of power plants; implementation of algorithms and models of the theory of system dynamics, white and pink noise; using computational technologies of difference-scheme equations and numerical integration methods, the values of the input parameters of the production of turbine vapor of the fuel boiler are determined), which, regardless of stochastic exogenous factors, provide stable states of the necessary and model volumes, norms of water intake and output of turbine vapor of the fuel boiler. * Corresponding author: kerimkhulle@gmail.com
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Sharapov, Serhii, Sviatoslav Yevtushenko, Vitalii Panchenko, Viktor Kozin et Oleksandr Ivchenko. « Improving the efficiency of condensation installations of steam turbines by applying liquid-vapor ejector ». Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no 8 (118) (29 août 2022) : 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2022.263331.
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This paper considers the possibility of using liquid-vapor ejectors in condensing units of steam turbines. This unit is designed for pumping out a steam-air mixture from a steam turbine condenser, in which the process occurs at a pressure lower than atmospheric. In the traditional scheme, this is provided by a two-stage steam-jet ejector unit. The proposed scheme involves the use of a single-stage liquid-vapor ejector and its possible pre-vacuum mode of operation in conjunction with a liquid-ring vacuum pump. A working process of the liquid-vapor ejector does not require the supply of working steam from the outside since its generation occurs in the active nozzle of the liquid-vapor ejector. A description of the traditional scheme and the proposed options is given, which are different both in the scheme solution and in the operating parameters. The object of this study is a liquid-vapor ejector, which is used in the condensing system of a steam turbine. Thermodynamic calculation of the proposed circuit solutions was carried out. As a result, the necessary mode parameters of the schemes were determined. To assess the feasibility of using a liquid-vapor ejector in the condensation systems of steam turbines, an exergy analysis was performed. The proposed scheme makes it possible to increase efficiency by 2.3 times, and when used with a liquid-ring vacuum pump – by 2.44 times. To assess the economic efficiency of the modernization of the condensing system, thermoeconomic analysis was performed. The use of the proposed scheme makes it possible to reduce the cost of generating boiler steam and reduce the cost of the resulting product of the steam turbine unit by about 51 %. The estimated cost of a unit of the amount of boiler steam consumed per ton of product and the unit cost of steam were established.
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Sheffler, K. D., et D. K. Gupta. « Current Status and Future Trends in Turbine Application of Thermal Barrier Coatings ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 110, no 4 (1 octobre 1988) : 605–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240178.
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This paper provides an overview of the current status and future trends in application of thermal barrier coatings (TBC) to turbine components, and in particular to high turbine airfoils. Included are descriptions of the favorable results achieved to date with bill-of-material applications of plasma-deposited TBC, and recent experience with developmental coatings applied by electron beam-physical vapor deposition.
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Yue, Weipeng, Yu Xue et Yan Liu. « High Humidity Aerodynamic Effects Study on Offshore Wind Turbine Airfoil/Blade Performance through CFD Analysis ». International Journal of Rotating Machinery 2017 (2017) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7570519.
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Damp air with high humidity combined with foggy, rainy weather, and icing in winter weather often is found to cause turbine performance degradation, and it is more concerned with offshore wind farm development. To address and understand the high humidity effects on wind turbine performance, our study has been conducted with spread sheet analysis on damp air properties investigation for air density and viscosity; then CFD modeling study using Fluent was carried out on airfoil and blade aerodynamic performance effects due to water vapor partial pressure of mixing flow and water condensation around leading edge and trailing edge of airfoil. It is found that the high humidity effects with water vapor mixing flow and water condensation thin film around airfoil may have insignificant effect directly on airfoil/blade performance; however, the indirect effects such as blade contamination and icing due to the water condensation may have significant effects on turbine performance degradation. Also it is that found the foggy weather with microwater droplet (including rainy weather) may cause higher drag that lead to turbine performance degradation. It is found that, at high temperature, the high humidity effect on air density cannot be ignored for annual energy production calculation. The blade contamination and icing phenomenon need to be further investigated in the next study.
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Wagner, Matthew J., Nelson H. Forster, Kenneth W Van Treuren et David T. Gerardi. « Vapor Phase Lubrication for Expendable Gas Turbine Engines ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 122, no 2 (3 janvier 2000) : 185–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.483193.
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Vapor phase lubrication (VPL) is an emerging technology that is currently targeted for application in limited life, expendable engines. It has the potential to cut 90 percent of the cost and weight of the lubrication system, when compared to a conventional liquid lubricated system. VPL, is effective at much higher temperatures than conventional liquid lubrication (600°C versus 200°C), so considerably less cooling for the bearing is required, to the extent that the bearing materials often dictate the maximum upper temperature for its use. The hot no. 8 bearing and the cold no. 1 bearing of the T63 engine were used to evaluate the applicability of this technology to the expendable engine environment. The no. 8 bearing was a custom made hybrid with T15 steel races, silicon nitride balls, and a carbon–carbon composite cage; it was run for 10.7 h at a race temperature of 450°C at full power, without incident. Prior to engine tests, a bearing rig test of the no. 8 bearing demonstrated an 18.6 h life at a race temperature of 500°C at engine full power speed of 50,000 rpm. Cold bearing performance was tested with the standard no. 1 bearing, which consisted of 52100 steel races and balls, and a bronze cage; it was run for 7.5 h at a race temperature of 34°C at flight idle power, without incident. A self-contained lubricant misting system, running off compressor bleed air, provided lubricant at flow rates of 7–25 ml/h, depending on engine operating conditions. These tests have demonstrated for the first time that a single self-contained VPL system can provide adequate lubrication to both the hot and cold bearings for the required life of an expendable cruise missile engine. [S0742-4795(00)01302-2]
22
Tosto, Francesco, Andrea Giuffré, Piero Colonna et Matteo Pini. « Flow deviation and critical choking in transonic turbine cascades operating with non-ideal compressible flows ». Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 6 (11 août 2022) : 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/jgpps/151659.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this work we examine the flow deviation and its relationship to critical choking, i.e., choking of the meridional component of velocity, in transonic turbine cascades operating with non-ideal compressible flows. To this purpose, a generalized expression of the corrected flow per unit area as a function of both the thermodynamic state and the molecular complexity of the working fluid, the Mach number, and the amount of swirl is derived. The trends of the corrected flow with respect to these quantities are used to infer physical insights on the flow deviation and on the operability of transonic turbine cascades in off-design conditions. Moreover, reduced-order models for the estimation of the flow deviation and the preliminary assessment of the losses have been developed and validated against the results of CFD simulations performed on a representative transonic turbine stator. Results suggest that flows of dense organic vapors exhibit larger deviations than those pertaining to compounds made of simple molecules, e.g., air. Furthermore, transonic turbines expanding dense vapors reach critical choking conditions at lower Mach numbers than the ones operating with simple molecules, and are affected by larger dissipation due to viscous mixing.
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Marston, C. H. « Parametric Analysis of the Kalina Cycle ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no 1 (1 janvier 1990) : 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906464.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Kalina Cycle utilizes a mixture of ammonia and water as the working fluid in a vapor power cycle. When the liquid mixture is heated the more volatile ammonia tends to vaporize first and at a lower temperature than does pure water. This property of ammonia-water mixtures makes possible a better match to the enthalpy-temperature curve of a hot gas heat source such as a gas turbine exhaust and also permits circulation of fluids of different composition in different parts of the cycle. Taking advantage of the latter feature, condensation (absorption) can be done at slightly above atmospheric pressure with a low concentration of ammonia, while heat input is at a higher concentration for optimum cycle performance. Computer models have been used to optimize a simplified form of the cycle and to compare results for a more complex version proposed by El-Sayed and Tribus. A method of balancing the cycle was developed and key parameters for optimizing the cycle identified.
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Jathar, S. H., M. A. Miracolo, A. A. Presto, P. J. Adams et A. L. Robinson. « Modeling the formation and properties of traditional and non-traditional secondary organic aerosol : problem formulation and application to aircraft exhaust ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, no 4 (18 avril 2012) : 9945–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-9945-2012.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. We present a methodology to model secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from the photo-oxidation of low-volatility organics (semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds). The model is parameterized and tested using SOA data collected during two field campaigns that characterized the atmospheric evolution of dilute gas-turbine engine emissions using a smog chamber. Photo-oxidation formed a significant amount of SOA, much of which cannot be explained based on the emissions of traditional, speciated precursors; we refer to this as non-traditional SOA (NT-SOA). The NT-SOA can be explained by emissions of low-volatility organic vapors measured using sorbents. Since these vapors could not be speciated, we employ a volatility-based approach to model NT-SOA formation. We show that the method proposed by Robinson et al. (2007) is unable to explain the timing of NT-SOA formation because it assumes a very modest reduction in volatility of the precursors with every oxidation reaction. In contrast, a Hybrid method, similar to models of traditional SOA formation, assumes a larger reduction in volatility with each oxidation step and results in a better reproduction of NT-SOA formation. The NT-SOA yields estimated for the low-volatility organic vapor emissions are similar to literature data for large n-alkanes and other low-volatility organics. The yields vary with fuel composition (JP8 versus Fischer-Tropsch) and engine load (idle versus non-idle). These differences are consistent with the expected contribution of high (aromatics and n-alkanes) and low (branched alkanes and oxygenated species) SOA forming species to the exhaust.
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Quispe Gonzáles, C. A., W. E. Alvarado Torres, M. A. Ormeño Valeriano et R. E. Vargas Roncal. « Comparación de costos de producción conjunta de electricidad y calor usando gas natural y glicerol ». Revista de Investigación de Física 15, no 01 (16 juillet 2012) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/rif.v15i01.8695.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En este trabajo se presenta un análisis termodinámico de un sistema de cogeneración simplificado para la producción combinada de electricidad y calor de proceso. Dadas las condiciones de demandas energéticas internas (electricidad y vapor de proceso) se propone un esquema termodinámico a base de una turbina de vapor trabajando en condiciones de paridad térmica. Se describe la metodología de los cálculos termodinámicos y termoeconómicos del sistema. Son comparados los índices termoeconómicos utilizando dos tipos de combustible: gas natural y glicerol bruto (metilado) y a través de los resultados obtenidos, es posible comparar los precios de producción conjunta de electricidad y calor para los dos tipos de combustibles propuestos.
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Duriagina, Z. A., V. V. Kulyk, O. S. Filimonov, A. M. Trostianchyn et N. B. Sokulska. « The Role of Stress–Strain State of Gas Turbine Engine Metal Parts in Predicting Their Safe Life ». Uspehi Fiziki Metallov 22, no 4 (décembre 2021) : 643–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ufm.22.04.643.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The influence of various factors on the workability of critical metallic parts of a gas turbine engine (GTE) is analysed and systematized. As shown, compressor blades fail as a result of foreign-objects’ damage, gas corrosion, and erosion. Compressor blade roots in most cases fail due to fretting wear caused by vibrations, while the fir-tree rim of turbine discs fails due to low-cycle fatigue (LCF) damage and creep. An increase in the radial gaps between the rotor and stator of the turbine reduces the thrust force and causes changes in the gas-dynamic loading of the engine components. Additional oxidation of metal parts is observed under the action of hot gases from the combustion chamber. The principles of material selection for manufacturing turbine blades and disks, concepts of alloying heat-resistant alloys, and modern methods of surface engineering due to applying protective oxidation-resistant coatings, in particular, chemical vapour deposition (CDV), physical vapour deposition (PVD), air plasma spraying (APS), etc., are also described. To predict the lifetime of turbine disks, it is proposed to use the modified Walker model and Miner’s rule. To specify the time before the failure of the metal blades of the turbine, it is proposed to use the finite element method. To monitor the working-surfaces’ deformations of the gas turbine engine, it is recommended to use optical-digital methods.
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Streit, Philipp, et Andreas P. Weiß. « Parameterized, numerical design of a two-wheel Curtis steam turbine for small scale WHR ». MATEC Web of Conferences 345 (2021) : 00031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202134500031.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In contrast to the current trend of converting waste heat into electricity in the small power range below 100 kWel by means of an ORC plant, the authors are pursuing the concept of a micro steam power plant equipped with a micro turbine. Water avoids many of the problems often associated with organic working fluids, such as flammability, toxicity, greenhouse gas effect and high fluid costs. However, water vapor makes turbine design more challenging. The physical reasons for this are repeated, and thereby it becomes clear why a velocity compounded two wheel Curtis turbine has been chosen. The used in-house 1D turbine design tool is briefly introduced. More focus is put on the shortcomings of the implemented 1D loss model and their negative impact on the current turbine design. Consequently, the authors continued actual turbine design by a parameterized approach in 3D CAD/CFD. This approach is explained, and finally, the CFD flow field and the performance maps of the designed turbine are discussed. The turbine is currently under construction and will be installed in 2022 in a waste heat recovery (WHR) plant in Nuremberg/Germany.
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Sun, Tao, Yi Zhang, Zhong Yi Wang et Hai Ou Sun. « Numerical Study on Flow Characteristics in Stepped Labyrinth Seal ». Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (mai 2011) : 582–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.582.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Vapor seal is an indispensable component in steam turbine for economic and safe operation. The flow characteristics in vapor seal have a significant effect on the performance of vapor seal. Considering the flow field characteristics and engineering applications, the following work has been done: First, the models of the labyrinth glands with stepped teeth have been established through Computational Fluid Dynamics software Fluent. The full-flow simulation result is acquired. Second, based on the numerical results, the characteristics of the flow field in stepped labyrinth seal have been studied. At last, the best structure for stepped labyrinth seal is achieved.
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Young, J. B., et K. K. Yau. « The Inertial Deposition of Fog Droplets on Steam Turbine Blades ». Journal of Turbomachinery 110, no 2 (1 avril 1988) : 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3262175.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A theoretical approach for calculating the rate of deposition of fog droplets on steam turbine blades by inertial impaction is described. Deposition rates are computed by tracking a number of droplet path lines through a specified blade-to-blade vapor flowfield and identifying the limiting trajectories that just intersect the blade surface. A new technique for performing the calculations efficiently has been developed whereby the mathematical stiffness of the governing equations is removed, thus allowing the numerical integration to proceed stably with comparatively large time increments. For high accuracy, the vapor flowfield is specified by a quasi-three-dimensional flow calculation involving both meridional and blade-to-blade plane calculations. Results are presented for two representative “test cases,” namely the final stage blading of the low-pressure cylinder of a 500 MW turbine and a typical stage in a high-pressure wet steam turbine. The effect on the deposition rate of fog droplet size and blade profile geometry is investigated for both on- and off-design flowfields. Comparisons are made with the predictions of a simplified theory for inertial deposition and the effect of blade rotation in flows with high pitch angles is discussed.
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Kumar, Balaji, Iniyan Selvarasan, Gurubalan Annadurai et Senthilkumar Ramalingam. « Thermodynamic analysis of a single effect lithium bromide water absorption system using waste heat in sugar industry ». Thermal Science 22, no 1 Part B (2018) : 507–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151013285b.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Energy analysis plays a vital role in the industry due to the use of electrical energy, global warming, and economy crises. This paper describes the waste heat available in the exhaust of the steam turbine and beneficial use of the waste heat. The sugar industry steam turbine exhaust carries enthalpy of steam at 2500 kJ/kg, this thermal energy can be put into beneficial use as the heat source to the vapor absorption refrigeration system to compensate energy required for DC thyrist motor, and this can also be used for cold storage. Energy savings in terms of cost and fuels are calculated. Investigation on the heat and mass transfer in evaporator has been carried out in vapor absorption system by varying the operating parameter. Less circulation ratio is required to increase the coefficient of performance. The inlet temperature of the coolant should be less for achieving higher coefficient of performance.
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Okafor, Victor. « THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF COMPRESSOR INLET AIR PRECOOLING TECHNIQUES OF A GAS TURBINE PLANT OPERATIONAL IN NIGERIA ENERGY UTILITY SECTOR ». International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies 4, no 2 (1 avril 2020) : 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijoest.v4.i2.2020.74.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thermodynamic analysis of inlet air pre-cooling techniques of compressor is among the methods for the enhancement of gas turbine performance. This study compared the effect of using evaporative cooling system pre-cooling method, vapour compression refrigeration precooling and vapour absorption refrigeration precooling techniques to the gas turbine Net Power Output, Thermal efficiency, Thermal Efficiency Change factor (TEC) and Power Gain Ratio (PGR) taking into recognition the prevalent weather and climatic conditions of Nigeria and as well as optimization parameters for the reference system (i.e. without precooling techniques). The results show that at air temperature of 311K, the reference system, evaporative precooling, vapour compression refrigeration and vapour absorption refrigeration precooling methods recorded Net power Outputs of 23.143MW, 25.39MW, 31.84MW and 34.90MW respectively. The Thermal Efficiency Change factor recorded by the precooling systems at an ambient temperature of 311K is 8.68%, 37.4% and 51% respectively.
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Zhang, Si Qing, Guo Hua Ma et Jing Qian. « Numerical Simulation of Cavitation Flow Field in a Francis Turbine Runner with Attached Blades ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 700 (décembre 2014) : 637–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.700.637.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The numerical simulation of cavitation flow field in a Francis turbine runner with attached blades was conducted based on the no-slip mixture model in the Euler approach and the Singhal cavitation model. The RNG model after correcting viscosity and the pressure correction algorithm (SIMPLE) were supplemented. The distributions of the water-vapor volume fraction under non-design conditions were obtained. The results show that the method based on two-phase mixture model can be used to simulate the position and degree of cavitation flow in Francis turbine.
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Azi Zauhari et Engkos Koswara. « ANALISIS EFISIENSI SIKLUS RANKINE PEMBANGKIT TENAGA UAP DI PT. PG RAJAWALI II UNIT JATITUJUH ». SEMINAR TEKNOLOGI MAJALENGKA (STIMA) 6 (8 décembre 2022) : 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31949/stima.v6i0.696.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Rankine cycle efficiency and rankine cycle work process at PT. PG Rajawali II Jati Tujuh Unit Adding knowledge to students about Rankine cycle in steam power generation system. To determine efficiency based on operational data. To know and understand the process of the Rankine cycle. It can be a reference and input for PT, PG Rajawali II Unit Jati Tujuh to see its efficiency. Before going into the field, we must prepare our theory according to the title such as boiler, turbine, condenser, pump example. This is a direct observation of the conditions at PT. PG Rajawali II Unit Jati Tujuh. This step is carried out to find out information about the conditions in the field and the situation where the practical work is carried out. Fractional pressure will not occur in the boiler and condenser, if the working fluid flows through the various components of a simple steam power cycle without irreversibility, and the working fluid will flow through the components at constant pressure. Dry water vapor from the boiler enters the turbine and undergoes a process isentropic expansion of the energy stored in the water vapor is converted into motion energy in the turbine. The water vapor is converted into liquid again so that it can be reused in the cycle process, PT. PG Rajawali II Unit Jati Tujuh on October 11, 2020 had the highest efficiency of 25.20%. October 22, 2020 has the lowest efficiency, which is 22.99%. Before going to the work process of the Rankine cycle, we must really understand the components related to the Rankine cycle, starting from the boiler, turbine, condenser, and pump so that we can understand and understand what the Rankine cycle is. In processing data using a help system, namely with Microsoft Excel with engineering applications, we have to ask those who know better so that in processing data with Microsoft Excel it can be actually clear in calculating it to get the values of pressure and temperature and their efficiency.
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Skripkin, Sergey, Zhigang Zuo, Mikhail Tsoy, Pavel Kuibin et Shuhong Liu. « Oscillation of Cavitating Vortices in Draft Tubes of a Simplified Model Turbine and a Model Pump–Turbine ». Energies 15, no 8 (18 avril 2022) : 2965. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082965.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The self-oscillation of the cavitating vortices is one of the dangerous phenomena of hydraulic turbine operation near full-load conditions. This work is an attempt to generalize data and expand insight on the phenomenon of self-excited oscillations by comparing the experimental results obtained on a simplified turbine and scaled-down pump–turbine models. In both cases, a series of high-speed imaging was carried out, which made it possible to study these phenomena with high temporal resolution. The high-speed imaging data was subjected to additional processing such as binarization, cropping, and scaling. For a simplified turbine model, the volume of the vapor cavity was calculated based on the assumption of the axial symmetry of the cavity, after which fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis was carried out. A proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis was also performed to examine individual modes in the original digital imaging data. For the pump–turbine, visualization data on the cavitation cavity oscillations were supplemented by pressure measurements in the draft tube cone to determine the frequency characteristics. Based on obtained experimental data, an improved one-dimensional model describing the oscillations of the cavitation cavity arising behind the hydraulic turbine runner is proposed.
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Panyam, Varuneswara Reddy, Veda Sai Kolla, Lokesh Palawat, Ayush Sahu et N. D. Banker. « Performance Comparison of a Vapor-Adsorption Cycle-Based Gas Turbine Inlet Air Cooling System for Different Refrigerants ». International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 26, no 01 (mars 2018) : 1850002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132518500025.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Presently, to enhance the thermal efficiency of a gas turbine power plant, turbine inlet air cooling (TIAC) is the widely used technique. The conventional refrigeration methods like vapor compression refrigeration and evaporative cooling need electric power, hence absorption and adsorption refrigeration systems are attractive options as they can be powered using the waste heat energy of the exhaust gases. Adsorption system has advantages over absorption system like scalability, requirement of lower heat source temperature, absence of corrosion and crystallization. This paper focuses on the thermodynamic analysis of waste heat powered adsorption chiller used for the cooling of intake air to enhance the net power output of the gas turbine power plant. This paper also presents a comparative analysis of the vapor-adsorption cycle-based TIAC system for four different refrigerants viz. HFC-134a, carbon dioxide, ethanol and ammonia with the motive of finding a substitute refrigerant for HFC-134a which has a high global warming potential (GWP). The adsorption chiller is mathematically modeled in MATLAB with activated carbon as the adsorbent and each one of carbon dioxide, ethanol and ammonia as the adsorbate. The variation of the coefficient of performance (COP) and specific cooling effect (SCE) with varying adsorption temperatures is presented for each pair. The net power output and primary energy rate (PER) improvement of the gas turbine power plant at different ambient temperatures are also discussed. It is observed that ammonia can improve the power plant performance significantly better compared to the other three refrigerants at ambient temperatures less than 40[Formula: see text]C.
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Yari, M., et K. Sarabchi. « Modelling and optimization of part-flow evaporative gas turbine cycles ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A : Journal of Power and Energy 219, no 7 (1 novembre 2005) : 533–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095765005x31315.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The evaporative gas turbine cycle is a new high-efficiency power cycle that has reached the pilot plant testing stage. This article presents the construction of a mathematical model for thermodynamic simulation of part-flow evaporative gas turbine cycle including steam injection. The maximum deviation of predicted performance results by this model from available data in literature was 1 per cent. Then, changes in configuration of this cycle have been investigated. Configuration changes concern using feed water heater and injection of saturated vapour instead of superheated vapour to the humid air in the cycle. This investigation shows that both these strategies were in the direction of improvement of efficiency and specific work of cycles (intercooled and non-intercooled). The results obtained from this research show that using spray cooler as the intercooler in the intercooled cycle offers interesting perspectives. In addition, the optimization of part-flow evaporative gas turbine (PEvGT) cycles in the systematic manner is presented and discussed.
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Zeitoun, Obida. « Two-Stage Evaporative Inlet Air Gas Turbine Cooling ». Energies 14, no 5 (3 mars 2021) : 1382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051382.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Gas turbine inlet air-cooling (TIAC) is an established technology for augmenting gas turbine output and efficiency, especially in hot regions. TIAC using evaporative cooling is suitable for hot, dry regions; however, the cooling is limited by the ambient wet-bulb temperature. This study investigates two-stage evaporative TIAC under the harsh weather of Riyadh city. The two-stage evaporative TIAC system consists of indirect and direct evaporative stages. In the indirect stage, air is precooled using water cooled in a cooling tower. In the direct stage, adiabatic saturation cools the air. This investigation was conducted for the GE 7001EA gas turbine model. Thermoflex software was used to simulate the GE 7001EA gas turbine using different TIAC systems including evaporative, two-stage evaporative, hybrid absorption refrigeration evaporative and hybrid vapor-compression refrigeration evaporative cooling systems. Comparisons of different performance parameters of gas turbines were conducted. The added annual profit and payback period were estimated for different TIAC systems.
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Newby, R. A., et R. L. Bannister. « A Direct Coal-Fired Combustion Turbine Power System Based on Slagging Gasification With In-Situ Gas Cleaning ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no 3 (1 juillet 1998) : 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818165.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Westinghouse began the development of a compact, entrained, slagging gasifier technology utilizing in-situ fuel gas cleaning for combustion turbine power cycles in 1986. The slagging gasifier is air-blown, and produces a hot, low-heating value fuel gas that can be combusted and quenched to combustion turbine inlet temperatures while maintaining low levels of NOx emissions. The U.S. Department of Energy sponsored engineering studies and pilot testing during the period 1986 to 1992. This work has shown that the technology has promise, although performance improvements are required in some key areas. A major challenge has been the development of insitu removal of sulfur, alkali vapor, and particulate to low enough levels to permit its use in combustion turbine power systems without additional, external gas cleaning. This paper reviews the Westinghouse slagging gasifier, direct coal-fired turbine power generation concept; the pilot test results; and the current development activities that Westinghouse is engaged in.
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Mishra, Vinay, et Dr H. K. Paliwal. « Analysis of Airconditioning System Using Single-Rotor Wind Turbine Power, Dual Rotor Wind Turbine Power, and Ducted Dual Rotor Wind Turbine Power As Input to Compressor ». Revista Gestão Inovação e Tecnologias 11, no 4 (22 juillet 2021) : 2952–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.47059/revistageintec.v11i4.2331.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As vapor compression refrigeration system is the best-suited system used in the present scenario due to its various advantages, in the present paper MATLAB analysis is done for the analysis of simple VCR to calculate COP and refrigeration effect.in the present paper R134a refrigerant is used as a refrigerant.as we know a certain amount of power is used to drive the compressor input in conventional VCR system uses electrical power to convert into mechanical shaft rotation with certain rotation, power and torque.in this paper specific power torque and rotation is given to the compressor without any electrical motor. the power obtains from an SRWT, DRWT, and DDRWT with specific torque power and rotation. then after analysis is carried out to get the COP and Refrigeration Effect.
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Harris, B. W. « Conversion of Sulfur Dioxide to Sulfur Trioxide in Gas Turbine Exhaust ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 112, no 4 (1 octobre 1990) : 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906209.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Acid dewpoints were calculated from SO2-to-SO3 conversion in gas turbine exhaust. These data can be used as guidelines in setting feedwater temperatures in combined-cycle systems. Accurate settings can prevent corrosion of heat-exchanger (boiler) tubes, thus extending their life time. This study was done using gas turbine engines and a laboratory generator set. The units burned marine diesel or diesel No. 2 fuel with sulfur contents up to 1.3 percent. The exhaust from these systems contained an excess of 20 percent oxygen, and 3–10 percent water vapor. Exhaust temperatures ranged from 728 to 893 K (455 to 620°C).
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Jang, Seungsoo, Ji-Hun Song et Youn-Jea Kim. « Prediction of incipient cavitation in micro tubular propeller turbine ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2217, no 1 (1 avril 2022) : 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2217/1/012013.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Cavitation is a phenomenon that cavities or bubbles form in a liquid when static pressure falls below the vapor pressure. It can damage the machine, hence it is recommended to be avoided in the design and operation of the machine. In this study, the cavitation characteristics were numerically investigated with a change in the flow rate of a micro tubular propeller turbine. Here, the rotational speed was set to the value corresponding to the best efficiency point for each flow rate. A multiphase flow analysis incorporating water and water vapor was conducted, using the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri (ZGB) model as the cavitation model. Results show that the tip clearance is the first region where the cavitation starts to occur as the flow rate increases. At this time, the Thoma number was found to be 1.178. The second region where the cavitation occurs with further increases in the flow rate is in the vicinity of the leading edge. It turned out that the leading edge cavitation occurs when the Thoma number is below 1.111. As the tip clearance increases, the range of the flow rate that cavitation does not occur increases, but it reduces turbine performance. Therefore, the selection of appropriate tip clearance given the operating flow rate range and performance needs to be considered.
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Xie, Dong Bai, Sheng Long Zhu, Wen Jun Dai et Fu Hui Wang. « Influence of NiCoCrAlY and Diffusion Aluminide Coating on Oxidation and Hot Corrosion of a Ni-Based Superalloy ». Materials Science Forum 546-549 (mai 2007) : 1739–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1739.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The most common metallic coatings used in today’s gas turbine engines are MCrAlX (where M is Ni and/or Co and X is one or more reactive elements such as Y, Hf, etc.) type overlay coatings. However, overlay coating techniques (plasma and flame spraying or physical vapor deposition) are line-of-site processes, and so, it is possible not to deposit coating on some surface of the complex turbine components. The diffusion aluminide coatings can solve this problem. A NiCoCrAlY and diffusion aluminide coating were prepared on K38G cast alloy by multi-arc ion plating and low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LP-CVD) techniques, respectively. The isothermal oxidation behavior of K38G and the coatings was studied in air at 900 and 1000 oC. Their hot corrosion behaviors in the presence of 75 wt.% Na2SO4+K2SO4 and 75wt.%Na2SO4+NaCl film at 900oC were studied. The results showed that the two kinds coatings exhibited low oxidation rate at 900 and 1000oC and the presence of salt accelerated the oxidation rate. The NiCoCrAlY coating showed the better hot corrosion resistance than the aluminide coating.
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Kumar, S., et O. Singh. « Performance evaluation of a transpiration-cooled gas turbine for different coolants and permissible blade temperatures considering the effect of radiation ». Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A : Journal of Power and Energy 225, no 8 (29 septembre 2011) : 1156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957650911404305.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Successful gas turbine technology is based significantly upon the introduction of new blade materials with increased permissible temperature for gas turbine blades and/or the use of efficient means and methods of turbine blade cooling in order to achieve the highest possible turbine inlet temperature. The gas turbine blade cooling models found in literature indicate that the effect of radiation from elevated temperature gases is generally not considered. However, the radiative heat transfer always occurs owing to the presence of mainly carbon dioxide and water vapour in the combustion products. The present paper deals with the comparative study of transpiration-cooled gas turbine cycle performance with and without taking radiation effect for different coolants and permissible blade temperature. The thermodynamic evaluation shows that, with consideration of the radiation effect, the theoretical coolant requirement increases so as to be close to the actual requirement and hence the cycle performance is affected accordingly. The transpiration-cooled gas turbine cycle performance parameter variations are presented to exemplify the role of cooling technology, cooling means, and material development, taking the radiation effect into account.
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Long, Nguyen Van Duc, Thi Hiep Han, Dong Young Lee, Sun Yong Park, Byeng Bong Hwang et Moonyong Lee. « Enhancement of a R-410A Reclamation Process Using Various Heat-Pump-Assisted Distillation Configurations ». Energies 12, no 19 (4 octobre 2019) : 3776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193776.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Distillation for R-410A reclamation from a waste refrigerant is an energy-intensive process. Thus, various heat pump configurations were proposed to enhance the energy efficiency of existing conventional distillation columns for separating R-410A and R-22. One new heat pump configuration combining a vapor compression (VC) heat pump with cold water and hot water cycles was suggested for easy operation and control. Both advantages and disadvantages of each heat pump configuration were also evaluated. The results showed that the mechanical vapor recompression heat pump with top vapor superheating saved up to 29.5%, 100.0%, and 10.5% of the energy required in the condenser duty, reboiler duty, and operating cost, respectively, compared to a classical heat pump system, and 85.2%, 100.0%, and 60.8%, respectively, compared to the existing conventional column. In addition, this work demonstrated that the operating pressure of a VC heat pump could be lower than that of the existing distillation column, allowing for an increase in capacity of up to 20%. In addition, replacing the throttle valve with a hydraulic turbine showed isentropic expansion can decrease the operating cost by up to 20.9% as compared to the new heat pump configuration without a hydraulic turbine. Furthermore, the reduction in carbon dioxide emission was investigated to assess the environmental impact of all proposed sequences.
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Nogueira Oliveira, Wesley Saldanha, Fernando Albernaz Junqueira, Rogério Arving Serra et Ricardo De Freitas Cabral. « ANÁLISE DOS PARÂMETROS DE FUNCIONAMENTO E SIMULAÇÃO COMPUTACIONAL EM UM PROTÓTIPO DE TURBINA OPERANDO A AR COMPRIMIDO ». Revista Eletrônica TECCEN 9, no 2 (16 décembre 2016) : 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21727/teccen.v9i2.621.
Texte intégralRésumé :
RESUMO. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados iniciais da comparação de alguns parâmetros de funcionamento do protótipo de uma turbina de ação simples, operando com ar comprimido como fluido de trabalho, realizados na unidade do SENAI de Barra do Piraí/RJ. O protótipo foi desenvolvido integralmente no Centro Universitário Geraldo Di Biase - UGB - Campus de Barra do Piraí/RJ, que inicialmente teve como o fluido de trabalho o vapor d’água, que nos testes inicias se mostrou ineficiente. A simulação computacional do sistema foi feita através do software SolidWorks na Universidade Federal Fluminense - UFF - Campus de Volta Redonda/RJ, o que permitiu determinar a faixa de trabalho que apresentou maior eficiência nos resultados experimentais do sistema por meio da relação entre pressão de operação, velocidade angular transmitida pelo fluido ao eixo da turbina e a potência da mesma. Os valores nas simulações em velocidade tangencial na região rotacional apresentaram-se convergentes aos valores experimentais medidos no protótipo.
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Van Treuren, K. W., D. N. Barlow, W. H. Heiser, M. J. Wagner et N. H. Forster. « Investigation of Vapor-Phase Lubrication in a Gas Turbine Engine ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 120, no 2 (1 avril 1998) : 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2818113.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The liquid oil lubrication system of current aircraft jet engines accounts for approximately 10–15 percent of the total weight of the engine. It has long been a goal of the aircraft gas turbine industry to reduce this weight. Vapor-Phase Lubrication (VPL) is a promising technology to eliminate liquid oil lubrication. The current investigation resulted in the first gas turbine to operate in the absence of conventional liquid lubrication. A phosphate ester, commercially known as DURAD 620B, was chosen for the test. Extensive research at Wright Laboratory demonstrated that this lubricant could reliably lubricate rolling element bearings in the gas turbine engine environment. The Allison T63 engine was selected as the test vehicle because of its small size and bearing configuration. Specifically, VPL was evaluated in the number eight bearing because it is located in a relatively hot environment, in line with the combustor discharge, and it can be isolated from the other bearings and the liquid lubrication system. The bearing was fully instrumented and its performance with standard oil lubrication was documented. Results of this baseline study were used to develop a thermodynamic model to predict the bearing temperature with VPL. The engine was then operated at a ground idle condition with VPL with the lubricant misted into the #8 bearing at 13 ml/h. The bearing temperature stabilized at 283°C within 10 minutes. Engine operation was continued successfully for a total of one hour. No abnormal wear of the rolling contact surfaces was found when the bearing was later examined. Bearing temperatures after engine shutdown indicated the bearing had reached thermodynamic equilibrium with its surroundings during the test. After shutdown bearing temperatures steadily decreased without the soakback effect seen after shutdown in standard lubricated bearings. In contrast, the oil-lubricated bearing ran at a considerably lower operating temperature (83°C) and was significantly heated by its surroundings after engine shutdown. In the baseline tests, the final bearing temperatures never reached that of the operating VPL system.
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Ahmad, Angga Alfandi, Fransiscus Xaverius Guwowijoyo et Heru Berian Pratama. « Probabilistic approach : back pressure turbine for geothermal vapor-dominated system ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 103 (décembre 2017) : 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/103/1/012011.
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Griffin, Timothy, Sven Gunnar Sundkvist, Knut A˚sen et Tor Bruun. « Advanced Zero Emissions Gas Turbine Power Plant ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 127, no 1 (1 janvier 2005) : 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1806837.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The AZEP “advanced zero emissions power plant” project addresses the development of a novel “zero emissions,” gas turbine-based, power generation process to reduce local and global CO2 emissions in the most cost-effective way. Process calculations indicate that the AZEP concept will result only in a loss of about 4% points in efficiency including the pressurization of CO2 to 100 bar, as compared to approximately 10% loss using conventional tail-end CO2 capture methods. Additionally, the concept allows the use of air-based gas turbine equipment and, thus, eliminates the need for expensive development of new turbomachinery. The key to achieving these targets is the development of an integrated MCM-reactor in which (a) O2 is separated from air by use of a mixed-conductive membrane (MCM), (b) combustion of natural gas occurs in an N2-free environment, and (c) the heat of combustion is transferred to the oxygen-depleted air by a high temperature heat exchanger. This MCM-reactor replaces the combustion chamber in a standard gas turbine power plant. The cost of removing CO2 from the combustion exhaust gas is significantly reduced, since this contains only CO2 and water vapor. The initial project phase is focused on the research and development of the major components of the MCM-reactor (air separation membrane, combustor, and high temperature heat exchanger), the combination of these components into an integrated reactor, and subsequent scale-up for future integration in a gas turbine. Within the AZEP process combustion is carried out in a nearly stoichiometric natural gas/O2 mixture heavily diluted in CO2 and water vapor. The influence of this high exhaust gas dilution on the stability of natural gas combustion has been investigated, using lean-premix combustion technologies. Experiments have been performed both at atmospheric and high pressures (up to 15 bar), simulating the conditions found in the AZEP process. Preliminary tests have been performed on MCM modules under simulated gas turbine conditions. Additionally, preliminary reactor designs, incorporating MCM, heat exchanger, and combustor, have been made, based on the results of initial component testing. Techno-economic process calculations have been performed indicating the advantages of the AZEP process as compared to other proposed CO2-free gas turbine processes.
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Aly, Samir E. « Gas turbine total energy vapour compression desalination system ». Energy Conversion and Management 40, no 7 (mai 1999) : 729–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-8904(98)00124-1.
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Herbell, T. P., et A. J. Eckel. « Ceramic Matrix Composites for Rocket Engine Turbine Applications ». Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 115, no 1 (1 janvier 1993) : 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2906687.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A program to establish the potential for introducing fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (FRCMC) in future rocket engine turbopumps was instituted in 1988. A brief summary of the overall program (both contract and in-house research) is presented. Tests at NASA Lewis include thermal upshocks in a hydrogen/oxygen test rig capable of generating heating rates up to 2500°C/s. Post-thermal upshock exposure evaluation includes the measurement of residual strength and failure analysis. Test results for monolithic ceramics and several FRCMCs are presented. Hydrogen compatibility was assessed by isothermal exposure of monolithic ceramics in high-temperature gaseous hydrogen plus water vapor.