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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Trieste (Italy) – History – 20th century »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Trieste (Italy) – History – 20th century"

De Greiff, Alexis. « The tale of two peripheries : The creation of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics in Trieste ». Historical Studies in the Physical and Biological Sciences 33, n^o 1 (2002) : 33–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsps.2002.33.1.33.

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The negotiations to create the International Centre for Theoretical Physics took place between 1960 and 1963 within the International Atomic Energy Agency. This study pays special attention to the active roles played by scientists, politicians, and intellectuals from the host-city, Trieste (Italy), and the historical circumstances that allowed this group of local actors to become key figures in the establishment of the Centre. The hostility of delegations from several industrialized countries, the Soviet Union, and India, and the constraints that the American hostility put upon the future of the Centre, are also considered. The paper lies at the intersection of the history of 20th-century physics, international relations of science, and development studies.

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Vidović, Jelena, Rafał Nawrot, Ivo Gallmetzer, Alexandra Haselmair, Adam Tomašových, Michael Stachowitsch, Vlasta Ćosović et Martin Zuschin. « Anthropogenically induced environmental changes in the northeastern Adriatic Sea in the last 500 years (Panzano Bay, Gulf of Trieste) ». Biogeosciences 13, n^o 21 (1 novembre 2016) : 5965–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-5965-2016.

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Abstract. Shallow and sheltered marine embayments in urbanized areas are prone to the accumulation of pollutants, but little is known about the historical baselines of such marine ecosystems. Here we study foraminiferal assemblages, geochemical proxies and sedimentological data from 1.6 m long sediment cores to uncover ∼ 500 years of anthropogenic pressure from mining, port and industrial activities in the Gulf of Trieste, Italy. From 1600 to 1900 AD, normalized element concentrations and foraminiferal assemblages point to negligible effects of agricultural activities. The only significant anthropogenic activity during this period was mercury mining in the hinterlands of the gulf, releasing high amounts of mercury into the bay and significantly exceeding the standards on the effects of trace elements on benthic organisms. Nonetheless, the fluctuations in the concentrations of mercury do not correlate with changes in the composition and diversity of foraminiferal assemblages due to its non-bioavailability. Intensified agricultural and maricultural activities in the first half of the 20th century caused slight nutrient enrichment and a minor increase in foraminiferal diversity. Intensified port and industrial activities in the second half of 20th century increased the normalized trace element concentrations and persistent organic pollutants (PAH, PCB) in the topmost part of the core. This increase caused only minor changes in the foraminiferal community because foraminifera in Panzano Bay have a long history of adaptation to elevated trace element concentrations. Our study underlines the importance of using an integrated, multidisciplinary approach in reconstructing the history of environmental and anthropogenic changes in marine systems. Given the prolonged human impacts in coastal areas like the Gulf of Trieste, such long-term baseline data are crucial for interpreting the present state of marine ecosystems.

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Söllner, Alfons. « Totalitarismus – eine kleine Ideengeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts ». Politisches Denken. Jahrbuch 29, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2019) : 87–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/jpd.29.1.87.

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Totalitarianism is problably the most ambivalent political idea of the 20th century: it stands for the most negative experience with politics, it was used as polemical weapon within the major political conflicts of the epoch, and it attracted as many ingenious political thinkers in order to clarify totalitarianism as a scientific concept. The essay is only a sketch and tries to reconstruct the variations of the concept throughout five stages: its origins in Mussolini’s Italy, the pluralistic formation in the 1930/40s, the canonization during the cold war, its diminuation in the 1960/70s, and the comeback after 1989. The author argues that it is exactly the multiplicity or even then controversial character of the concept which makes it so significant for the ruptured history of the 20th century.

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Andreoni, Luca. « Oilseed Cakes in Italy and France : Opportunities and Difficulties of a Market (late 19th and first half of the 20th Century) ». Jahrbuch für Wirtschaftsgeschichte / Economic History Yearbook 62, n^o 1 (30 avril 2021) : 129–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbwg-2021-0006.

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Abstract This paper addresses the trade and commercialisation of oilseed cakes (residues from the extraction of oils) and press cakes in Italy and France during the last decades of the 19th century and in the first half of the 20th century. It tries to demonstrate that the diffusion of oilseed cakes for livestock, a distinctive sign of the intensification of breeding that involved all of Europe, or as organic fertilisers, took place at the crossroads of multiple dynamics. Trade policy of the states, industrial choices and development paths of the different rural worlds help to explain the variations in timing, spatial scale and methods used. The spread of oilseed cakes confirms that the modernisation of European agriculture happened on different and interrelated fronts.

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Manfredini, Matteo, Marco Breschi, Alessio Fornasin, Stanislao Mazzoni, Sergio De lasio et Alfredo Coppa. « Maternal Mortality in 19th- and Early 20th-century Italy ». Social History of Medicine 33, n^o 3 (5 février 2019) : 860–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hkz001.

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Summary Although dramatically reduced in Western and developed countries, maternal mortality is still today one of the most relevant social and health scourges in developing countries. This is the reason why high levels of maternal mortality are always interpreted as a sign of low living standards, ignorance, poverty and woman discrimination. Maternal mortality represents, therefore, a very peculiar characteristic of demographic systems of ancien regime. Despite this important role in demographic systems, no systematic study has been addressed to investigate the impact of maternal mortality in historical Italy. The aim of this article is to shed some light on such a phenomenon by investigating its trend over time and the determinants in some Italian populations between the 18th and the early 20th centuries. The analysis will make use of civil and parish registers linked together by means of nominative techniques, and it will be, therefore, carried out at the micro level.

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Griffante, Andrea. « BETWEEN EMPIRE AND NATION STATE. URBAN SPACE AND CONFLICTING MEMORIES IN TRIESTE (19TH–EARLY 20TH CENTURY) ». Journal of Architecture and Urbanism 39, n^o 1 (14 avril 2015) : 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2015.1031441.

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Cities are particular spaces in which such a fight for territory occurs. By their own nature, cities imply a work of transformation and appropriation of territory into a narrative construct or text. In the 19th and early 20thcentury, Trieste underwent a transformation of its own urban space that expressed the existence and concurrence of different national narratives. In the 18th and 19th centuries the Trieste's coastline performed the cosmopolitan elite's identity by highlighting the relation between social status, ethnic origins of elite's member, and the individuals’ conscience of participating in the exceptionality of a city ‘without history.’ As the elite's economic ground changed, the representation of identity in space changed consequently. The consolidation of fascist regime supported the construction of a new myth of Trieste characterized by an old Roman origin and the heroic efforts of its inhabitants to join the ‘Motherland’ that led to the creation of a new main urban axis constellated with sites highly representative of Trieste's ‘Latinity’ and permeated by a sense of collective participation in historical continuity.

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Paniga, Massimiliano. « Public Health Institutions in Italy in the 20th Century ». Athens Journal of Mediterranean Studies 8, n^o 2 (15 mars 2022) : 117–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajms.8-2-3.

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Only recently studied by Italian historiography, public health is one of the most important sectors of a modern Welfare system. During the Twentieth century Italy faced the hygienic and sanitary problem often with different ways and tools than other European countries. The aim of this article is to understand better the attitude and the development of the main public health institutions, both at the central and peripheral level, during the three great phases that marked the history of Italy in the last century: the liberal age, fascism and the Republic, as well as to highlight the organisations, men and structures that exercised decisive functions in the bureaucratic and administrative State machine. The essay focuses on the most significative legislative measures (for example, the “Testi Unici” of 1907 and 1934) and the turning points that have changed the sector on the institutional plan, from the creation of the Directorate-General for Public Health inside the Ministry of the Interior, and destined to remain for the entire Fascist period, to the birth, in the post-war years, of the High Commission for Hygiene and Public Health, then replaced by the Ministry of Health, until the establishment of the National Health Service in 1978. Keywords: Welfare State, social policies, public health, assistance, institutions

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Ciravegna, Luciano. « Forms of enterprise in 20th century Italy. Boundaries, structures and strategies ». Business History 53, n^o 3 (juin 2011) : 462–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2011.563556.

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Stalmaszczyk, Piotr. « Celtic Studies in Poland in the 20th century : a bibliography ». ZCPH 54, n^o 1 (30 avril 2004) : 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zcph.2005.170.

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Introduction Celtic Studies are concerned with the languages, literature, culture, mythology, religion, art, history, and archaeology of historical and contemporary Celtic countries and traces of Celtic influences elsewhere. The historical Celtic countries include ancient Gaul, Galatia, Celtiberia, Italy, Britain and Ireland, whereas the modern Celtic territories are limited to Ireland, Scotland, Wales, Isle of Man, Cornwall and Brittany. It has to be stressed that Celtic Studies are not identical with Irish (or Scottish, Welsh, or Breton) Studies, though they are, for obvious reasons, closely connected.

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Mann, Vivian, et Daniel Chazin. « Printing, Patronage and Prayer : Art Historical Issues in Three Responsa ». IMAGES 1, n^o 1 (2007) : 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187180007782347557.

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Abstract"Printing, Patronage and Prayer: Art Historical Issues in Three Responsa" presents texts from 16th-century Italy, 17th-century Bohemia, and 20th-century Russia that explore the following issues: the impact of the new technology of printing on Jewish ceremonial art and limits to the dedication and use of art in the synagogue.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Trieste (Italy) – History – 20th century"

Gaudenzi, Bianca. « Commercial advertising in Germany and Italy, 1918-1943 ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609367.

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WITKOWSKI, Victoria Margaret. « Remembering fascism and empire : the public representation and myth of Rodolfo Graziani in 20th-century Italy ». Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/72739.

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Defence date: 24 September 2021; Examining Board: Professor Lucy Riall (European University Institute); Professor Alexander Etkind (European University Institute); Professor John Foot (University of Bristol); Professor Marla Stone (Occidental College)
My PhD has utilised the cultural representation of Italy’s most popular military figure from the Fascist period to account for the myth-making and warped remembrance of Rodolfo Graziani in Modern-day Italy. By proving himself to Mussolini with his brutal tactics, namely, mass hangings, the erection of concentration camps, and utilisation of poison gas during the Italian ‘pacification’ of Libya in the 1920’s and the Fascist conquest of Ethiopia in 1936, my project highlights that Graziani was chosen by the Fascist government to be a national imperial war hero. Facilitated by the dawn of totalitarianism and mass consumption, the propaganda campaign to promote the Fascist Empire utilised Graziani as a modern-day celebrity, through many mediums, which became the source base for my research. Images of Graziani filtered back to Italy in the 1930s through postcards, books, magazines, film, radio, busts and the like. During the Second World War, collaboration with the Nazis under the Salò Republic led to his trial in 1948, but his colonial crimes remained unquestioned, testament to the effect of heroisation for his previous colonial career. Since then, this manipulation of historical consciousness has continued to pervade Italian society as the state searched for a collective ‘usable’ past from the remnants of the Fascist dictatorship. As Mussolini’s most popular enterprise, colonial ambition remained a shared goal across the political spectrum in the immediate post-war period. By countering national insecurities through the utilisation of male symbols, men like Graziani provided an opportunity to promote such ideals through untainted virtues of masculinity. Institutionally therefore, the role of individuals in bringing ‘civilisation’ to its African colonies continued to be revered in post-fascist and post-colonial Italy. Moreover, most recently, a regionally funded monument that was built in Graziani’s honour near Rome in 2012 only led to public outcry abroad and from interested national parties with almost no negative response from the Italian public. Graziani’s memory thus remains a fervent, multifaceted one and signifies tension in popular attitudes to Italy fascist and colonial history. It is with this timely and noteworthy case-study that I aim to shed light on the persistently neglected darker aspects of Italy’s recent past.

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Totaro, Genevois Mariella. « Foreign policies for the diffusion of language and culture : the Italian experience in Australia ». Monash University, Centre for European Studies, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8828.

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Diazzi, Alessandra. « The reception of psychoanalysis in Italian literature and culture, 1945-1977 : Ottiero Ottietri, Edoardo Sanguineti, Giorgio Manganelli, Andrea Zanzotto ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709511.

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BARATIERI, Daniela. « Italian colonialism : memories and silences : 1930s-1960s ». Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/10393.

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Defence date: 26 October 2007
Examining Board: Professor Luisa Passerini (EUI and Università di Torino); Professor Bo Strath (EUI); Professor Nicola Labanca (Università di Siena); Professor David Forgacs (University College London)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digital archive of EUI PhD theses
no abstract available

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BALABAN, Ioan. « International and multinational banking under Bretton Woods (1945-1971) : the experience of Italian banks ». Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/69996.

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Defence date: 11 February 2021
Examining Board: Professor Youssef Cassis (European University Institute); Professor Federico Romero (European University Institute); Professor Catherine Schenk (Oxford University); Professor Stefano Battilossi (University of Carlo III)
Business economists and financial historians distinguish between a first and a second wave of international and multinational banking. The Great Depression and the two World Wars interrupted the first wave which began in the mid 19th century. The second wave began in the 1960s and was triggered by the advent of the Euromarkets under the international monetary regime of Bretton Woods (1944-1971). The thesis investigates the determinants of the internationalization of European commercial banks under Bretton Woods by focusing on the experience of Italian banks. I argue that Italian banks re-entered international and multinational banking from the late 1940s onwards in order to contribute to establish Italy as a commercial power. Competition between the banks in the international arena led them to integrate Eurodollar deposits into their international and domestic banking strategies in the 1950s and the 1960s thus contributing to the globalization of finance. The big European continental commercial banks internationalized in parallel to Italian banks and for the same reasons. Nevertheless, in contrast to latter, the former became major actors in the Euromarkets as a result of the American challenge after 1965. The thesis argues that the growth of the Euromarkets in the second half of the 1960s was sponsored by the Federal Reserve of the United States. The Federal Reserve encouraged the growth of the Euromarkets, and the role of American banks in the market, in order to defend the US official gold stock and the US balance of payments. Sources are drawn from bank and central bank archives in Italy, France and the United States.

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Di, Lillo Ivano. « Opera and nationalism in Fascist Italy ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283883.

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White, Brook. « ANOTHER FORGOTTEN ARMY : THE FRENCH EXPEDITIONARY CORPS IN ITALY,1943-1944 ». Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2008. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2595.

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The French Expeditionary Corps that fought in Italy during World War II was a French army, but that description must be qualified. Therefore this thesis asks two questions: how did France manage to send the equivalent of an army to Italy if French military leadership in 1943 had no direct access to French manpower resources; and the most important question since it is unique to the historical debate, why were the troops that were sent to Italy so effective once there when compared to the 1940 French army? To answer the first question, it was a French colonial army – soldiers mainly from Africa – that enabled France to send an army to Italy. The second question was not so easily addressed and is actually composed of two parts: current scholarship finds that at the tactical level French troops of 1940 no less capable than the troops in Italy, but more importantly it was the French military leadership's willingness to expend the lives of their colonial solders with little regard that allowed the French Expeditionary Corps to allow the United States Fifth Army to enter Rome just days before the Allied invasion of Normandy. And in order to understand why the French military was willing to expend the lives of its African soldiers, this thesis also had to examine the French colonial system dating to the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Finally, this paper explores the different components of leadership that each army, which were African (primarily from North Africa and French West Africa) and metropolitan (mostly from European France), used to lead and direct their men. Thus, this study is more than just a pure military history. It is also a cultural and social history of France in relation to its colonies.
M.A.
Department of History
Arts and Humanities
History MA

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Finn, Sarah. « 'Padre della nazione italiana' : Dante Alighieri and the construction of the Italian nation, 1800-1945 ». University of Western Australia. European Languages and Studies Discipline Group. Italian Studies, 2010. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0085.

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Dante Alighieri is, undoubtedly, an enduring feature of the cultural memory of generations of Italians. His influence is such that the mere mention of a dark wood or lifes journey recalls the poet and his most celebrated work, the Divina Commedia. This study, however, seeks to examine the construction of the medieval Florentine poet, exemplified by the above assertion, as a potent symbol of the Italian nation. From the creation of the idea of the Italian nation during the Risorgimento, to the Liberal ruling elites efforts after 1861 to legitimise the new Italian nation state, and more importantly to make Italians, to the rise of a more imperialist conception of nationalism in the early twentieth century and its most extreme expression under the Fascist regime, Dante was made to play a significant role in defining, justifying and glorifying the Italian nation. Such an exploration of the utilisation of Dante in the construction of Italian national identity during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries aids considerably in an understanding of the conceptualisation of the Italian nation, of the issues engendered by the establishment of the Italian nation state, and the evolution of these processes throughout the period in question. The various images of Dante revealed by this investigation of his instrumentalisation in the Italian process of nation-building bear only a fleeting resemblance to what is known of the poet in his medieval reality. Dante was born in 1265 to a family of modest means and standing in Florence, at that time the economic centre of Europe, and one of the most important cities of the Italian peninsula. His writings disclosed, however, that he was little impressed by his citys prestige and wealth, being instead greatly disturbed by its political discord and instability, of which he became an unfortunate victim. The violent partisan conflict in Florence and the turbulent political condition of the Italian peninsula in the late thirteenth century had a decisive influence on Dantes life and literary endeavours.

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Marcuzzi, Stefano. « Anglo-Italian relations during the First World War ». Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2e1d8ba7-53eb-4c29-8974-d1fa0e36cc65.

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This thesis examines how the newly-born Anglo-Italian alliance operated during World War I, and how it influenced each of Britain's and Italy's strategies. It argues that Britain was Italy's main partner in the conflict: Rome sought to make Britain the guarantor of the London treaty, which had brought Italy into the war on the side of the Allies, as well as its main naval and financial partner within the Entente. London, for its part, used its special partnership with Italy to reach three main objectives. The first was to have Rome increasingly involved in the Entente's global war, thus going beyond the national dimension of the 'fourth war of independence' against Austria-Hungary. Britain aimed in particular to complete the blockade of the Central Powers by securing the Mediterranean. This result was achieved slowly - Italy declared war on Turkey in autumn 1915 and on Germany in summer 1916 - and not without contradictions, such as Italy's persistently self-reliant trade policy. The second British goal was to keep Italy in the war when the Caporetto crisis hit: British financial, commercial and military support was crucial to restore Italian forces and morale, and allow Rome to pursue to fight. Finally, in a wider geo-political sense, Britain took advantage of its good relations with Italy to balance French influence in the Mediterranean and the Middle East. London acted as a mediator in the controversies between Rome, Petrograd and Paris, taking upon it the task of keeping the alliance together. Anglo-Italian relations worsened in 1918. Britain's leadership within the Entente declined and was gradually replaced by American leadership. President Wilson's 'politics of nationalities' produced a significant revision of the London pact: Italy felt betrayed by its main partner, Britain, and this caused a long-lasting resentment towards London which had far-reaching consequences in the post-war period.

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Livres sur le sujet "Trieste (Italy) – History – 20th century"

Kristina, Šegulja, dir. The Trieste negotiations. Washington, D.C : Foreign Policy Institute, Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, 1990.

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Die Schweiz und das Problem eines Gouverneurs von Triest 1947-1953. Bern : P. Lang, 1992.

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Ferdinando, Meacci, dir. Italian economists of the 20th century. Cheltenham, England : E. Elgar, 1998.

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Modern Italy. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

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Vasta, Michelangelo, et Andrea Colli. Forms of enterprise in 20th century Italy : Boundaries, structures and strategies. Cheltenham, UK : Edward Elgar, 2010.

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Berstein, Serge. L' Italie contemporaine : Du Risorgimento a la chute du fascisme. 2^e éd. Paris : A. Colin, 1995.

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Carabinieri : L'Arma nelle guerre italiane del Novecento. Roma : IBN, 2012.

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Gallegati, M. Le fluttuazioni economiche in Italia, 1861-1995, ovvero, Il camaleonte e il virus dell'influenza. Torino : G. Giappichelli, 1998.

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Jameux, Dominique. Fausto Coppi : L'échappée belle, Italie 1945-1960. Paris : ARTE éditions, 1996.

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Travelling in and out of Italy : 19th and 20th-century notebooks, letters and essays. Newcastle upon Tyne : Cambridge Scholars Pub., 2011.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Trieste (Italy) – History – 20th century"

Deotto, Patrizia. « Italy in Bunin’s Perception ». Dans I.A. Bunin and his time : Context of Life — History of Work, 80–91. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/ab-978-5-9208-0675-8-80-91.

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The paper analyses some new elements introduced by Bunin in the perception of Italy in the light of the traditional vision codified in the Italian narrative of the Russian culture between the 19th and the early 20th century. In the first place, Bunin differentiates himself choosing Capri, an unusual destination, for his long stays in Italy. Moreover, in his description of nature, he does not resort to the intermediation of visual or literary arts, instead, he aesthetically elevates Italy’s nature recreating images that recall the connection with the absolute. He delineates a wider vision of a concept that is dear to the Russian travelers when it comes to the perception of Italy as a spiritual homeland, a concept that is not limited to the cultural link between Italy and Russia mediated by Byzantium, but reaches out to the Levantine East, embodying universal cultural and spiritual values. It highlights in the surrounding reality and everyday habits the features of an ancient cultural tradition that is brought to life in the present, reiterating the uninterrupted relation with the past.

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Adesso, Maria Giuseppina, Roberto Capone, Oriana Fiore et Francesco Saverio Tortoriello. « Walking through the history of geometry teaching by Cevian and orthic triangles and quadrilaterals ». Dans “DIG WHERE YOU STAND” 6. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on the History of Mathematics Education, 343–54. WTM-Verlag Münster, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37626/ga9783959871686.0.26.

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The history of geometry teaching in Italy, in the period from the final years of the 19th century to the first half of the 20th century, is analysed here, taking into account the influence of both school reforms and the “New geometry of the triangle”, first introduced in France in 1873. Specifically, we refer to some theorems, about Cevian and orthic triangles, which may be included in the “New geometry of the triangle”, although they have been discovered in Italy before 1873. Some Italian booklets and textbooks have been analysed, to show the influence of these factors on the geometric teaching. Keywords: geometry teaching, New geometry of the triangle, Ceva’s theorem, orthic triangles, Cevian quadrilaterals, Fagnano’s problem

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Bull, Anna Cento. « 1. Modernity and resurgence in the making of Italy ». Dans Modern Italy : A Very Short Introduction, 9–22. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198726517.003.0002.

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‘Modernity and resurgence in the making of Italy’ explains that the history of modern Italy has been characterized by recurrent cultural and political projects of modernity, rejuvenation, and regeneration. The Risorgimento (Resurgence), the movement leading to the Italian Unification in 1861, explicitly linked the quest for national unity to a process of moral regeneration and progress. Later forms of nationalism and the rise of fascism in the first two decades of the 20th century advocated a spiritual revolution and the molding of new Italians through war and violence as the only means of creating a modernized, but also spiritually reborn, nation at the forefront of a new European civilization.

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Galloni, Marco R. « Seeing the History of Neuroscience in Turin through the Lenses of Its Instruments/Part 2 ». Dans The Birth of Modern Neuroscience in Turin, 143–48. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190907587.003.0012.

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In the second half of the 19th century, the physiologist Angelo Mosso and the anatomist Carlo Giacomini collaboratively investigated the pulsation of the brain blood vessels and the variations of the brain surface temperature. Mosso invented the human circulation balance to measure the blood distribution throughout the human body. In the attempt to correlate cerebral activity and energy supply, he tried to explore the relationship between the blood distribution to the brain and various types of stimulation. At the beginning of the 20th century, Turin became the capital of silent movies, and Camillo Negro used this new technique to document clinical cases of neurological disorders in mental hospitals. In the 1930s, Giuseppe Levi brought in-vitro cell culture to Italy and used time-lapse cinematography to study the behavior of neurons.

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Marcocci, Giuseppe. « Burckhardt’s (New) World and Ours : Rethinking the Renaissance in the Age of Global History ». Dans A Renaissance Reclaimed, 206–24. British Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bacad/9780197267325.003.0010.

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Part 4 of Jacob Burckhardt’s Civilisation of the Renaissance in Italy (1860) greatly contributed to the shaping of an interpretation of the so-called ‘age of exploration’ that was still influential until a few years ago. This was largely due to its inspiring title, ‘The Discovery of the World and of Man’. This chapter discusses the cultural background to Burckhardt’s successful idea, its dissemination across the literature about the discovery of America, and its impact on 20th-century historiography about the age of exploration, which has been especially affected by the ‘global turn’ in historical studies. A few examples of transcultural interactions on a global scale, relating to the writing of histories of the world and their reliance on oral sources and a plural notion of antiquity, are used to explain why and how our view of the New World has moved away from Burckhardt’s. Ultimately, however, it is argued that a critical reappraisal of Burckhardt may still support current attempts to develop a much more complex and multifaceted understanding of the Renaissance.

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Kindl, Ulrike. « Leggere Thomas Mann in Laguna ». Dans Le lingue occidentali nei 150 anni di storia di Ca’ Foscari. Venice : Edizioni Ca' Foscari, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-262-8/021.

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In the form of a personal memoir, this essay outlines the work of the distinguished scholar Ladislao Mittner (1902-75) and the development of German studies at the University of Venice in the second half of the 20th century. Mittner arrived at Ca’ Foscari in 1942 and took charge of German studies in the first Italian Faculty of Foreign Languages and Literatures (established in 1954), and became a point of reference for over thirty years. During these years, he decisively shaped the guidelines of the discipline at Ca’ Foscari. Due to his own plurilingual Hapsburg roots, he considered a good command of languages pivotal. This is why he can also be considered a pioneer of the establishment of German language teaching as an independent subject from literature, which was not a self-evident truth at the time. However, he also underlined the importance of the literary text through very refined critical tools. He was an acute philologist and a broad-minded historian who, from the very beginning, added to the German courses such subjects as Germanic Philology, History of the German Language, Philosophy and Music of the German-speaking countries, transforming German studies in Italy into a modern and open-minded field of studies, far from just technical knowledge. From the beginning his vision of the German world was in a context of comparative cultures. Mittner’s work provided the firm basis for the educational commitment required to meet the daily challenge of a multicultural Europe.

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