Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Traversing micro erosion meter »

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Traversing micro erosion meter"

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Cullen, Niamh Danielle, Ankit Kumar Verma et Mary Clare Bourke. « A comparison of structure from motion photogrammetry and the traversing micro-erosion meter for measuring erosion on shore platforms ». Earth Surface Dynamics 6, no 4 (13 novembre 2018) : 1023–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-6-1023-2018.

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Abstract. For decades researchers have used the micro-erosion meter and its successor the traversing micro-erosion meter to measure micro-scale rates of vertical erosion (downwearing) on shore platforms. Difficulties with “upscaling” of micro-scale field data in order to explain long-term platform evolution have led to calls to introduce other methods which allow for the measurement of platform erosion at different scales. Structure from motion photogrammetry is fast emerging as a reliable, cost-effective tool for geomorphic change detection, providing a valuable means for detecting micro-scale to mesoscale geomorphic change over different terrain types. Here we present the results of an experiment in which we test the efficacy of structure from motion photogrammetry for measuring change on shore platforms due to different erosion processes (sweeping abrasion, scratching, and percussion). Key to this approach is the development of the coordinate reference system used to reference and scale the models, which can be easily deployed in the field. Experiments were carried out on three simulated platform surfaces with low to high relative rugosity to assess the influence of surface roughness. We find that structure from motion photogrammetry can be used to reliably detect micro-scale (sub-millimetre) and mesoscale (cm) erosion on shore platforms with a low rugosity index. As topographic complexity increases, the scale of detection is reduced. We also provide a detailed comparison of the two methods across a range of categories including cost, data collection, analysis, and output. We find that structure from motion offers several advantages over the micro-erosion meter, most notably the ability to detect and measure the erosion of shore platforms at different scales.
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Spate, A. P., J. N. Jennings, D. I. Smith et M. A. Greenaway. « The micro-erosion meter : Use and limitations ». Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 10, no 5 (septembre 1985) : 427–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/esp.3290100504.

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Stephenson, W. J., et B. L. Finlayson. « Measuring erosion with the micro-erosion meter—Contributions to understanding landform evolution ». Earth-Science Reviews 95, no 1-2 (juin 2009) : 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2009.03.006.

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Trenhaile, Alan S., et V. Chris Lakhan. « Transverse micro-erosion meter measurements ; determining minimum sample size ». Geomorphology 134, no 3-4 (novembre 2011) : 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.07.018.

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Minh, Nguyen Trung, Doan Dinh Hung, Nguyen Thi Dung, Tran Minh Duc, Nguyen Ba Hung et Cu Sy Thang. « Erosion study of limestone on the Cat Ba islands in north east Vietnam by transverse micro-erosion meter ». Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 1, no 10 (85) (28 février 2017) : 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2017.92168.

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Sanna, Laura, Jo De Waele, José Maria Calaforra et Paolo Forti. « Long-term erosion rate measurements in gypsum caves of Sorbas (SE Spain) by the Micro-Erosion Meter method ». Geomorphology 228 (janvier 2015) : 213–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.09.009.

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Trenhaile, Alan S., et Neil J. Porter. « Shore platform downwearing in eastern Canada ; A 9–14 year micro-erosion meter record ». Geomorphology 311 (juin 2018) : 90–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.03.024.

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Stephenson, W. J., R. M. Kirk et M. A. Hemmingsen. « Forty three years of micro-erosion meter monitoring of erosion rates on shore platforms at Kaikōura Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand ». Geomorphology 344 (novembre 2019) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2019.07.012.

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Stephenson, Wayne J., et Robert M. Kirk. « Measuring erosion rates using the micro-erosion meter : 20 years of data from shore platforms, Kaikoura Peninsula, South Island, New Zealand ». Marine Geology 131, no 3-4 (mai 1996) : 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-3227(96)00008-4.

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Drysdale, Russell, et David Gillieson. « Micro-erosion meter measurements of travertine deposition rates : a case study from Louie Creek, Northwest Queensland, Australia ». Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 22, no 11 (novembre 1997) : 1037–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9837(199711)22:11<1037 ::aid-esp800>3.0.co;2-x.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Traversing micro erosion meter"

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Furlani, Stefano. « Studi sulla dissoluzione carsica e sui condizionamenti geologici nella carsogenesi .-Acquisizione ed elaborazione di dati MEM e + t- MEN per la misura della consumazione delle rocce carbonatiche ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/2559.

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2006/2007
Questo progetto di dottorato consiste in una ricerca “a tappeto” con un traversing micro erosion meter (MEM) che ho messo a punto per l’occasione. Si tratta di uno strumento che viene posizionato su particolari supporti preventivamente infissi nella roccia. Lo strumento, come specificato dal nome stesso, misura l’erosione, quindi il risultato dei processi di degradazione ed erosione sulla superficie della roccia. Lo scopo del ricercatore che lo utilizza è quello di stabilire i rapporti tra i vari fattori di degrado (chimico, meccanico o biologico che sia), sulla base di misure dirette di abbassamento della superficie topografica in situ ed in laboratorio nelle diverse condizioni ambientali. Questo approccio quantitativo al carsismo permette di unire una ricerca di carattere predittivo, che cerca di intuire lo sviluppo sequenziale del territorio, ad una di carattere storico, che mira a definirne la sua evoluzione passata. Non essendo possibile un’approcio multiscalare, viste le caratteristiche proprie degli strumenti di campagna utilizzati, mi sono limitato ad in cui l’analisi puntuale della superficie rocciosa senza cercare inutili, e probabilmente dannose, correlazioni con lo spazio geografico circostante. A questo proposito, mi sono avvalso di tutta la strumentazione e tecnologia disponibile e, quando non disponibile, l’ho costruita appositamente in laboratorio: dal microscopio, per l’analisi delle sezioni sottili, agli autocostruiti micro erosion meter, dalla fotografia digitale ai software per la gestione dei dati georeferenziati. Ho utilizzato quindi sistemi informatici integrati a diversi livelli: tecnologia digitale per il rilevamento di campagna, database per la raccolta dei dati, sistemi informativi geografici e strumenti di geostatistical analysis. Nello svolgimento del lavoro ho cercato di individuare anche i fattori ed i condizionamenti naturali che influenzano la consumazione delle rocce, nell’ambito del progetto PRIN 2004 (Degrado delle rocce carbonatiche indotto dalla dissoluzione chimica e dai processi di bioalterazione: meccanismi, ratei, impatto sul bilancio globale della CO2 e rimedi) – Responsabile dell’URTS Prof. Franco Cucchi. In questo progetto ho avuto modo di studiare dettagliatamente i tassi erosivi in carico a particolari tipi di licheni lungo due transetti altimetrici in Friuli Venezia Giulia ed in Abruzzo. Numerose stazioni sono state posizionate lungo la costa adriatica orientale per lo studio delle morfologie e dell’erosione dei litorali carbonatici. Ho quindi realizzato un prototipo di Sistema Informativo Territoriale per la gestione, l’inserimento e la modifica dei dati relativi alle stazioni MEM utilizzabile da operatori standard, quindi con un utilizzo minimo delle risorse economiche. Inoltre ho creato un sistema di webGIS, in cui i dati di ogni stazioni sono facilmente consultabili anche in campagna, grazie alla strutturazione di un sito internet con diversi livelli di accesso. Infine, ho proposto alcuni esempi di analisi statistica e geostatistica dei dati ottenuti in una serie di stazioni campione. La ricerca è stata svolta in tre fasi: in laboratorio, in campagna ed in ufficio. Inizialmente ho messo a punto il traversing micro erosion meter equipaggiato con un comparatore digitale, in grado di far confluire i dati direttamente su tablet PC o su palmare. Ho svolto numerosi test sullo strumento, riportati nel capitolo 2, in modo da verificare l’attendibilità dei dati ottenuti. In un secondo momento ho posizionato una serie di nuove stazioni in campagna, per integrare ed ampliare la rete di stazioni già esistenti. Di ogni stazione è stata acquisita la posizione con il GPS e sono stati raccolti i campioni di roccia per definire, tramite sezioni sottili, le litologie indagate. Centinaia di migliaia sono i dati di consumazione raccolti in questi tre anni, con cadenze temporali variabili a seconda della stazione, in alcuni casi anche giornaliere. In quest’ultimo caso, ho posizionato numerose stazioni nel giardino di casa, in modo da poter eseguire osservazioni ripetute durante la giornata. Questi dati hanno fornito numerosi nuovi spunti di ricerca (Allegato 1). La fase di elaborazione dei dati e la messa a punto degli strumenti informatici in grado di gestire al meglio le stazioni e i dati MEM rappresentano l’ultima fase di questa ricerca. Vorrei aggiungere che ho dedicato molto tempo alla revisione bibliografica delle pubblicazioni sulla metodologia del micro erosion meter e del traversing micro erosion meter, sui processi di degradazione della roccia e sulla terminologia utilizzata, nonché sui sistemi informatici più idonei a gestire banche dati in locale e su web. In allegato ho aggiunto due articoli, sottomessi ed accettati sulle misure costiere e sulle misure giornaliere sulle arenarie a cemento carbonatico. Il lavoro svolto può fornire un ottimo strumento di gestione dei siti MEM, ma può costituire anche un valido supporto tecnico alla ricerca scientifica sul carsismo e sulle morfologie carsiche in genere.
XX Ciclo
1973
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Traversing micro erosion meter"

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Stephenson, W. « 14.14 The Micro and Traversing Erosion Meter ». Dans Treatise on Geomorphology, 164–69. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374739-6.00381-x.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Traversing micro erosion meter"

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Luo, Y. F., et W. Lineton. « The Diffraction Limitation on Drilling Nano-Meter Holes by Laser Irradiation ». Dans ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/med-23347.

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Abstract The high resolution of some laser irradiation has important applications in micro machining. In drilling micro holes with a diameter close to or less than 1 micrometer, beam diffraction essentially restricts the final drilling depth due to the finite wavelength of all laser irradiation. Besides diffraction, interference can also affects the drilling results. It is of practical interest for process characterization and evaluation to know these substantial restrictions before application. This investigation tries to determine the correlation between the beam properties and the aspect ratio in drilling micro holes. First, the desirable qualities of laser irradiation will be defined in the situation of drilling micro holes. Given the attributes of electromagnetic wave, the diffraction in drilling is then analyzed. The attention is focused on the situation in which the laser wavelength approaches or exceeds the hole diameter. Fraunhofer diffraction is therefore the dominant pattern that determines the wave intensity inside the free space of micro hole. In accordance with a steady-state thermal equilibrium that terminates any further erosion by laser irradiation, the solution of heat conduction equation determines the final erosion front and the maximum depth. Finally, the minimum required power density of a femtosecond laser is estimated by solving a transient heat conduction equation. The effects of ultra-short pulses on diffraction and hole quality are also analyzed.
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Goodhand, Martin N., et Robert J. Miller. « Compressor Leading Edge Spikes : A New Performance Criterion ». Dans ASME Turbo Expo 2009 : Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2009-59205.

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Compressor blades often have a small ‘spike’ in the surface pressure distribution at the leading edge. This may result from blade erosion, manufacture defects or compromises made in the original design process. This paper investigates the effect of these spikes on profile loss and presents a criterion to ensure they are not detrimental to compressor performance. In the first part of the paper two geometries of leading edge are tested. One has a small spike, typical of those found on modern compressors; the other has no spike, characteristic of an idealized leading edge. Testing was undertaken on the stator of a single-stage low speed compressor. The time-resolved boundary layer was measured using a hot-wire micro traversing system. It is shown that the presence of the small spike changes the time resolved transition process on the suction surface, but that this results in no net increase in loss. In the second part of the paper, spike height is systematically changed using a range of leading edge geometries. It is shown that below a critical spike height the profile loss is constant. If the critical spike height is exceeded, the leading edge separates and profile loss rises by 30%. Finally a criterion is developed, based on the total diffusion across the spike. Three different leading edge design philosophies are investigated. It is shown that if the spike diffusion factor is kept below 0.1 over the blade’s incidence range, performance is unaffected by leading edge geometry.
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Sibirtsova, Elena, et Elena Sibirtsova. « STORM ICE OIL WIND WAVE WATCH SYSTEM (SIOWS) : WEB GIS APPLICATION FOR MONITORING THE ARCTIC THE BLACK SEA AND MICROPLASTICS : SEVASTOPOL BEACHES MONITORING ». Dans Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b946fe3dc54.76748344.

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Within the framework of the monthly monitoring the study of qualitative and quantitative composition and distribution of micro- and small macroplastic on sandy and pebbly beaches of Sevastopol is initiated. Microplastics and small macroplastic abundance was estimated from surveys on two of the most popular Sevastopol sandy beaches of the Crimea Black Sea Coast (Omega beach and Uchkuyevka beach). The samples were collected during March - April 2016 from the top 5 cm of the numerous square areas (1×1 m) placed on 20 m long transects perpendicularly 100-meter lines along the shore line. Three type of stainless steel sieves were used: mesh sizes 5 mm, 1 mm and 0,3 mm. In the laboratory, the collected sediments were introduced into a glass tank with a high concentration solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) 140 g l-1, the floating plastic particles recovered, sorted and categorized by type, usage and erosion level. The mean microplastics densities on Omega and Uchkuyevka Beach were 4,2 ± 0,95 and 2,6 ± 0,95 items m-2, accordingly. Most of micropastics items were rigid fragments (60%), polystyrene (25%) and polyethylene (15%). Number of macroplastic particles (size of 5-100 mm) by 1 m-2 ranged from 2.35 to 57, the mean abundance on Omega and Uchkuyevka beaches were 10,1 ± 0,95 and 7,3 ± 0,95, accordingly.
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Sibirtsova, Elena, et Elena Sibirtsova. « STORM ICE OIL WIND WAVE WATCH SYSTEM (SIOWS) : WEB GIS APPLICATION FOR MONITORING THE ARCTIC THE BLACK SEA AND MICROPLASTICS : SEVASTOPOL BEACHES MONITORING ». Dans Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b431558bbb6.

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Within the framework of the monthly monitoring the study of qualitative and quantitative composition and distribution of micro- and small macroplastic on sandy and pebbly beaches of Sevastopol is initiated. Microplastics and small macroplastic abundance was estimated from surveys on two of the most popular Sevastopol sandy beaches of the Crimea Black Sea Coast (Omega beach and Uchkuyevka beach). The samples were collected during March - April 2016 from the top 5 cm of the numerous square areas (1×1 m) placed on 20 m long transects perpendicularly 100-meter lines along the shore line. Three type of stainless steel sieves were used: mesh sizes 5 mm, 1 mm and 0,3 mm. In the laboratory, the collected sediments were introduced into a glass tank with a high concentration solution of sodium chloride (NaCl) 140 g l-1, the floating plastic particles recovered, sorted and categorized by type, usage and erosion level. The mean microplastics densities on Omega and Uchkuyevka Beach were 4,2 ± 0,95 and 2,6 ± 0,95 items m-2, accordingly. Most of micropastics items were rigid fragments (60%), polystyrene (25%) and polyethylene (15%). Number of macroplastic particles (size of 5-100 mm) by 1 m-2 ranged from 2.35 to 57, the mean abundance on Omega and Uchkuyevka beaches were 10,1 ± 0,95 and 7,3 ± 0,95, accordingly.
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