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1
Parhizkar, Omid. "Identifying Impact Factors on Successful Exporting of the United States Hardwood Industries to Mexico, Asia, and Europe." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26560.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Transportation and competitiveness practices of hardwood lumber exporters and other firms were studied and compared to determine the most important factors associated with exporting hardwood products. It was found that exporters differed significantly in their transportation methods, marketing activities, and production profiles from those other hardwood lumber firms. They also were significantly larger than expected in their total production and employment. As the forest products business continues to become more global, an analysis of the importance of these factors can be used how firms can begin exporting, or increase sales in international markets.
It was found that certain elements of a sawmillâ s marketing strategy are a major determinant to the likelihood of its being an exporter. Results from logistic regression methods showed that transportation factors such as using intermodal transportation and inland port facilities and competitiveness factors such as species selection, marketing practices, and using government export assistance programs increased the probability of a firmâ s high involvement in international markets.
Finally, data from exporting hardwood sawmills to Mexico, Europe, and Asia were analyzed to determine what makes successful exporting to these markets. Factors including export distribution methods, relationship with export distribution partner, competitiveness, transportation, and export assistance were analyzed. Such information might be useful for government agencies that wish to promote business commitment to sawmills throughout the United States for the following international markets. Hardwood sawmills should be encouraged by state officials to plan more aggressively to enter the Mexico market. Efforts are needed from U.S. trade associations to better identify the Mexican market segments, sources of market demand, and credit opportunities for US sawmills.<br>Ph. D.
2
Silva, Júnior Sílvio Barbosa da. "Atuação recente do estado brasileiro em planejamento de transportes sob a perspectiva do ordenamento territorial." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2013. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15966.
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The territory serves as an indicator of the quality in which the State manages land use. Based on the concepts of planning, spatial planning and transportation planning, seen from the perspective of the State action, and understanding the transport networks as a key element in the organization of the territory, we described the importance of transport in the Brazilian historical and spatial constitution. Considering elements and characteristics of the Brazilian territory at the beginning of the 21th century, as well as transport networks data, public policies and State institutions responsible for its management, we aimed at describing and understanding the recent performance of the Brazilian State in transport planning from the perspective of spatial planning. As a point of comparison, we studied European transport policies, as well as its recent performance, particularly the Portuguese case, enabling us to trace points of convergence and divergence in relation to the Brazilian case.<br>O mote para esta tese é a constatação de que o território serve de indicador da qualidade da gestão que sobre ele é empreendida. Partindo dos conceitos de território, o ordenamento territorial e o planejamento de transportes, vistos sob a ótica da ação do estatal, e entendendo as redes de transportes como elemento fundamental na organização do território, buscou-se reconstituir a importância dos transportes na formação sócio-espacial brasileira. Com base em elementos e características do território brasileiro neste início do século XXI, bem como dados das redes de transportes, das políticas de Estado e das instituições responsáveis por sua gestão, objetivou-se descrever e compreender a atuação recente do Estado brasileiro em planejamento de transportes sob a ótica do ordenamento do território. Como ponto de comparação, foram estudadas as políticas europeias de transportes, bem como sua atuação recente, particularmente o caso português, permitindo traçar pontos de convergência e divergência em relação ao caso brasileiro.<br>Doutor em Geografia
3
Huon, Christian. "La responsabilité des fabricants de materiel aeronautique en Europe /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60697.
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Product liability is now regulated by a specific regime. But to be quite honest, it must be admitted that aircraft manufacturers are in a scarcely enviable position now. They produce equipment which is not only increasingly costly and efficient but which may have a useful life of up to thirty years or more. Then, there is a risk that the insurance market will be not available or at least sufficient. Consequently, the establishment of a special system concerning exceptionally serious accidents and a common fund are necessary.
4
Holderbach, Hans. "The air transport relations between the European Union and the United States /." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21684.
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Air Transport relations between the European Union and the United States were nonexistent until the European Commission obtained in 1996 from the member states a limited mandate to negotiate an air transport agreement with the US. For the Commission, the achievement of an EU internal market with full competition among European airlines under equal conditions is impeded by individual member states' bilateral relations with the US. It requested a complete mandate to replace the multitude of bilaterals with a Community wide agreement. Member states fear that Community negotiations will not reflect the different needs of their national airlines. They believe that their interests are best met through individual bilateral agreements and refused the Commission the right to negotiate the commercially important market access rights: routes, capacity and frequency. Even though the US is willing to consider an agreement with the EU it still pursues bilateral liberalisation through Open Skies agreements as they are more advantageous to its interests. For EU and US airlines an agreement on the EU - US level is not a priority as their needs are being met through their strategic codesharing alliances.<br>This thesis studies the legal rules affecting the EU - US relations and analyses to what extent these rules are shaped by political and economic interests. Special attention is paid to the convergence and divergence of the parties' legal regimes and policies, and to the prospects for an agreement on the essential issues of a complete bilateral agreement between the US and the EU.
5
Lee, Sin-yee Cindy. "Developing a sustainable transport system in Hong Kong : the nature and impacts of planning and policy constraints /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19906602.
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Perkins, Judy Annette. "Institutionalizing transportation infrastructure investments and economic development : the role of State Departments of Transportation in multi-state economic development activities." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/32808.
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Fung, Tse-hing Winnie. "Transport in world cities : how does Hong Kong perform? /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23339147.
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Sonntag, Isabelle. "La concurrence et le transport aerien en Europe /." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60648.
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The treaty of Rome signed in 1957 creating the European Community establishes a common market and this market has to be done by 1993 upon the European Single Act of 1986. Airlines must be governed by the dispositions of the treaty.<br>For a long time, this had not been affirmed, but the European Court of Justice said in 1974 that the general rules of the treaty apply to the air transport sector and precised this decision in the "Nouvelles Frontieres" case of 1986.<br>Those decisions were a first step towards liberalization and the Council and the Commission of the Community followed the court and adopted measures to liberalize the sector in the first air transport package in December 1987. These decisions and measures are problematic because there are quiet about the external relations of EEC member states with third countries.<br>The "Saeed" case of 1989 brings a solution, but the second air transport package of July 1990 still stays too quiet about it whereas it liberalises the air transport further. This should be resolved in the third package in 1993.
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Bönnighausen, Claas, and Riku Assämäki. "Extended logistics and insurance by an innovation for the road transportation sector : A logistical insurance case study within Datachassi AB Europe /Germany." Thesis, Jönköping University, Jönköping International Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-10306.
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Lo, Sze-yuen Henri. "A critical evaluation of public transport policy formulation in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31595157.
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Niemeier, Debbie A. "A consumer welfare approach to measuring accessibility /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10134.
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Wong, Hiu-Nga Daisy. "Environmental quality and transport policy." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23501777.
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Amoaning-Yankson, Stephanie. "A resiliency framework for planning in state transportation agencies." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49123.
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This thesis presents a framework for resiliency planning in state departments of transportation and other transportation agencies. The development of this framework is motivated by the need for more resilient transportation systems, due of the increasing frequency and the effect both natural and man-made catastrophic disasters have on transportation systems.
The resiliency framework is based on the urban transportation planning framework and is thus applied in the broader context of general transportation planning. The resiliency framework is then applied in a preliminary review to three statewide transportation plans to show the resiliency deficiencies of those plans and how the framework may be applied to increase resiliency. These plans are selected from three different states with diversity of locations and without any preconceived notions about their incorporation of resiliency in their planning process.
This preliminary review reveals a reactive nature towards investments that increase an agency’s resilience. This may be attributed to the problem of limited funding for transportation investments, as well as, limited knowledge by the transportation agencies about the return on such resiliency investments, mostly due to the uncertainty associated with the occurrence of catastrophic disasters, especially the predictability of weather-related events. However, post-disaster transportation system overhauls provide enough evidence for the need for more systemic ways of addressing resiliency in planning processes.
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Smith, Denise A. "The evolution of multimodal transportation planning: key factors in shaping the approaches of state DOTs." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47702.
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As a result of the changing needs of society since the early 20th century, approaches to transportation planning have been continually shifting from highway-focused to multimodal, an approach which takes multiple modes of transportation into consideration. This evolution has been reflected in federal transportation legislation and continues to have many implications for transportation agencies, especially state departments of transportation (DOTs).
The objective of this thesis is to analyze what state DOTs have done in order to adapt to the shift. More specifically, the project focuses on the organizational and funding structures of state DOTs. First, an organizational structure analysis of all 50 state DOTs was carried out. This analysis looked at how state DOTs incorporate multiple modes of transportation into their organizational structure. Secondly, the results of a statewide multimodal planning survey, to which 35 states responded, were analyzed. The survey gauged to what extent the representative from a given state DOT thought that their agency was conducting multimodal transportation planning. It also analyzed state DOT modal responsibilities, funding options, and characteristics that influence multimodal transportation planning. Lastly, case studies were carried out for six state transportation agencies: Florida DOT, North Carolina DOT, Oregon DOT, Virginia's Transportation Secretariat, Maryland DOT, and Massachusetts DOT. These case studies focused on organizational structure, funding, and multimodal efforts.
Findings from the three different aspects of this thesis support the notion that highway is still the dominant mode in statewide transportation planning in most state DOTs. However, this research also supports the idea that this situation is changing, though more rapidly in some states than in others. Though it is not evident that one type of organizational structure is better than another, states have used the reorganization of these structures as a method for adapting to multimodal transportation planning. Overall, state DOTs tend to incorporate multiple modes of transportation into their organizational structure through multimodal divisions, separate modal divisions, or a combination of both. In addition to the organizational structures, some states have also restructured their funding mechanisms in order to make funds more flexible across all modes of transportation so that they may be able to better accommodate multimodal transportation planning. Those state DOTs with transportation trust funds and separate modal programs have generally shown more initiative in embracing a more multimodal approach to transportation planning. Besides organizational and funding structures, leadership, organizational culture, and institutional issues have been recognized as factors that influence the extent of multimodal planning.
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Chan, Yu-yuen Chris. "Public transport planning in Tuen Mun." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1989. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43893247.
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Yeung, Kong-sang. "An analysis of the Hong Kong government's policies on the provision and management of roads." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13552958.
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Giard, Timothée M. "The control of state aid to airlines by the European Commission /." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78215.
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The airline industry has undergone an unprecedented crisis in the aftermath of the events of September 11th, 2001 in the United States. At that time, the U.S. federal government rapidly moved to create and implement an important rescue package to ensure the sustainability of the U.S. airlines. Contrarily, the European Commission decided to keep the existing legislations and policies regarding state aid, allowing limited support from the Member States to their national carriers. For the Commission, the U.S. state-involvement in the air industry, as well as similar developments in other countries, was bound to create distortions of competition. This situation led the EU to submit a proposal to the Council and the European Parliament for a Regulation with aims to protect the Community airlines from the unfair pricing practices of state-aided non-Community air carriers. The text, modeled after the legislation applicable in the field of trade of goods, would fill a "legal void" and be a new efficient legislative tool for the Commission. Questions did arise, however, about its political legitimacy as well as its legal basis.
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Taylor, Brian D. "When finance leads planning : the influence of public finance on transportation planning and policy in California /." Berkeley : University of California Transportation Center, 1992. http://www.uctc.net/research/diss001.pdf.
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Pangbourne, Katharine Jane. "The changing geography of Scottish transport governance." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2010. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=158385.
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This thesis contributes to theorizing governance and state restructuring and assesses the effectiveness of the strategic transport governance arrangements in Scotland during the period 2006-2007/08. The context is the seven Regional Transport Partnerships (RTPs) that were established to tackle cross-boundary and regional issues. The ontology is broadly critical realist and the methodological approach is qualitative utilising a modified grounded theory approach. Fifty-four interviews were carried out and three RTPs used as case studies over the period 2005/06-2007/08. There are two conclusions. First, progress in governing the development of strategic transport issues hinges on closer integration of spatial planning and transport planning strategy processes. Distinct professional spheres need to work more collaboratively. Second, the concepts of ‘hollowing-out’ and ‘filling-in’ from governance literature need to be enhanced to reflect the nuances found in this empirical research. Drawing on a New State Spaces framework, the concepts of centrally-orchestrated regionalism/regionally-orchestrated centralism, and the process-oriented work on collaborative governance reveals a Collaborative Inertia in the current RTP structure that is founded on uncertainty. It is proposed that two new processes have been identified: ‘over-stuffing’ as a useful perspective in explaining the structure and relations evident in Scottish transport governance and that there has been a process of ‘locally-orchestrated regionalism’ in the formation of voluntary RTPs, which has paradoxically led to a weak statutory regionalism. However, the regional dimension remains important and suggestions are made regarding strengthening integration between sectors at the same time as reducing the organisational complexity of governance.
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Gustavsson, Styrbjörn, and Mikael Öberg. "Transportation flow analysis in a centralised supply chain at Toyota Material Handling Europe." Thesis, Linköping University, Communications and Transport Systems, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-58801.
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<p>This report is the result of a Master Thesis written at Toyota Material Handling Europe (TMHE), with the purpose to map the existing spare part supply chain structure and to analyse future suggested supply chain structures with a focus on transportation flows.</p><p>TMHE is one of the world’s largest producing forklift distributers with large market shares throughout Europe. Besides the main activity of forklifts the aftermarket of distributing spare parts is a major business. With a current decentralised supply chain, the Future Logistic Concept (FLC) project was established to analyse the possibilities of a more centralised European supply chain.</p><p>While earlier analyses within the FLC have been focusing on the customer market, this thesis aims towards completing with analyses on the opposite side of the supply chain. It will present an aggregated view over a possible FLC supply chain setup with focus on suppliers, replenishment flows and usage of express transportation solutions.</p><p>An analysis was performed based on supplier localisation and historically delivered tonnages. To be able to analyse the replenishment flows between European Distribution Centre (EDC) and Regional Distribution Centres (RDC), an inventory control and transportation model was developed. The model calculates costs for inventory holding, replenishment flows and express flows and optimises the relationships between these controlling variables. This makes it possible to analyse the transportation flows in a specified set of possible supply chain structures.</p><p>The results of the localisation analyses based on suppliers, show that the central part of the supply chain should be located in the northern parts of central Europe. To be able to minimise the supplier inflow facilities should be established in Mjölby and Ancenis. A warehouse in Eastern Europe is probably necessary to be able to keep customer lead times at an acceptable level, but from a supply point of view this location is not supported due to the low amount of Easter European suppliers.</p><p>The results from the model suggests a supply chain structure with a central distribution centre in Antwerp, Belgium (Scenario 2 in the analysis) and regional warehouses in Sweden, United Kingdom, Spain, Italy and the Czech Republic.</p>
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Tenekecioglu, Goksel. "Increasing intermodal transportation in Europe through realizing the value of short sea shipping." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33588.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering, 2005.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-89).<br>This thesis describes the role of short sea shipping within the transportation network in the European Union. It examines the existence of externalities relating to congestion, infrastructure, air pollution, noise, and accidents in the transportation sector. It evaluates the level of these externalities and also their effects on the Community. It then explains current attempts to internalize these factors, or incorporate them into the cost of transportation that the user pays. It concludes that current efforts are lacking and do not produce the most beneficial situation for the citizens of Europe. Consequently, the thesis investigates other possible methods of internalization that may produce more advantageous results and analyzes their possible effects on the transportation sector. The value of short sea shipping is examined in regards to the previously mentioned externalities. It concludes that, with the exception of the emission of sulfur dioxide, maritime transportation outperforms other modes of transportation by producing relatively few external effects.<br>(cont.) The current status of the short sea shipping industry is then described, followed by a discussion of intermodal transportation and the initiative within the European Community to increase the use of intermodal transportation. Two case studies are then reviewed, which demonstrate the economy of intermodal transportation solutions compared to all-road alternatives. The thesis concludes by summarizing the benefits of short sea shipping. Some of the obstacles which prevent the realization of the full potential of short sea shipping are discussed. Suggestions for improving the current situation are included as well as a description of some of the measures adopted by the European Commission to increase the use of short sea shipping as an alternative to road transportation.<br>by Goksel Tenekecioglu.<br>S.M.
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Nora, Perk. "Transformation Towards Sustainable Transportation : Solving the "First and Last-mile" Problem in Europe." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19583.
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The thesis emphasizes the transformation towards sustainable mobility and the role of urban planning for such transformation. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of different examples of solving the so-called “the first and last-mile problem” (FMLM) (which is conceptualized as a major problem for the transformation towards sustainable forms of travel) which have been tested or implemented in European cities, as well as provide an understanding of the role of the planner in these examples. The following questions were asked: What solutions to the “First and last-mile” transportation problem are currently being tested in European cities? And what is the role of urban planning in enabling the different solutions? In order to answer the first research question, a comprehensive mapping was carried out, comprising of a literature- and an internet review. The identified solutions for the “first and last-mile” were grouped into two different categories the station-based — these include car-sharing, bike-sharing, ridesharing — and free-floating solution — including car-sharing, autonomous vehicles, bike-sharing, e-scooters, scooters, taxi-/ridesharing. The second research question was answered by interviewing transportation planners and project managers in Sweden and Finland about their perceived role regarding these different solutions. The analyses showed that urban planners adopt different roles in the solution-finding process, depending on the solution and the framework within the municipality. The three dominante roles that are taken by planners are the Regulator, Partner and Promoter.
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Althaaly, Muneer Fawaz. "An Efficient And Reliable Route For The Transportation OfQatari Natural Gas To Europe." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1479408728901112.
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Fulwider, Benjamin. "Driving the nation road transportation and the postrevolutionary Mexican state, 1925-1960 /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/463436776/viewonline.
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Wiegand, Jonathan Devan. "State Transportation Agencies' utilization of work zone congestion mitigation strategies." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Li, Ying. "Forecasting Long Term Highway Staffing Requirements for State Transportation Agencies." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/42.
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The transportation system is vital to the nation’s economic growth and stability, as it provides mobility for commuters while supporting the United States’ ability to compete in an increasingly competitive global economy. State Transportation Agencies across the country continue to face many challenges to repair and enhance highway infrastructure to meet the rapid increasing transportation needs. One of these challenges is maintaining an adequate and efficient agency staff. In order to effectively plan for future staffing levels, State Transportation Agencies need a method for forecasting long term staffing requirements. However, current methods in use cannot function without well-defined projects and therefore making long term forecasts is difficult.
This dissertation seeks to develop a dynamic model which captures the feedback mechanisms within the system that determines highway staffing requirements. The system dynamics modeling methodology was used to build the forecasting model. The formal model was based on dynamic hypotheses derived from literature review and interviews with transportation experts. Both qualitative and quantitative data from literature, federal and state database were used to support the values and equations in the model. The model integrates State Transportation Agencies’ strategic plans, funding situations and workforce management strategies while determining future workforce requirements, and will hopefully fill the absence of long-term staffing level forecasting tools at State Transportation Agencies.
By performing sensitivity simulations and statistical screening on possible drivers of the system behavior, the dynamic impacts of desired highway pavement performance level, availability of road fund and bridge fund on the required numbers of Engineers and Technicians throughout a 25-year simulation period were closely examined. Staffing strategies such as recruiting options (in-house vs. consultants) and hiring levels (entry level vs. senior level) were tested.
Finally the model was calibrated using input data specific to Kentucky to simulate an expected retirement wave and search for solutions to address temporary staffing shortage.
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Jamal, Esraa' Ali. "Assessing public transportation option as a potential solution to the transportation challenges in the State of Kuwait." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/54039.
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Transportation congestion is an increasingly important issue in modern urban planning. A sustainable transportation system should assure people’s safety, environmental protection, economic support, social justice, and accessibility for both people and goods. Kuwait is no exception to this challenge because rapid growth has increased the pressure on its existing transportation system. The objectives of this study are to understand the people’s awareness of transportation problems and the impact associated with them in Kuwait, to examine people’s perceptions of daily traffic congestion and how it affects them emotionally and physically in Kuwait, and to study the attitude of Kuwaiti citizens and residents towards using the public bus service. An online survey was used to examine these factors and a sample of five hundred users was obtained. Balance adjusting technique was applied to correct and match the sample proportions with the population proportions. The study questions have been investigated by using the chi-square test for independence. The primary findings showed significant associations between use of the public bus and the users’ nationality, gender, age, education and income level. In relation to the existing public bus service, men are 2.6 times more likely to use it than are women, and non-Kuwaiti residents are 6.4 times more likely to use it than are Kuwaitis. In addition, the perception of daily traffic congestion varied among different nationalities. Kuwaitis perceptions of the daily commuting trips indicate that it consumes a large sum of time. Non-Kuwaitis use of public transit is affected by the number of years they have been living in Kuwait. The results of this study fill a gap in the knowledge of socioeconomic and cultural factors that may influence the success of potential sustainable solutions to the transportation challenges in the State of Kuwait.<br>Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences (Okanagan)<br>Earth and Environmental Sciences, Department of (Okanagan)<br>Graduate
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Varon, Ari David. "Islam and Europe : reflections on religion state relations by European Muslim intellectuals." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09o02c1ck3i.
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Comment les intellectuels musulmans en Europe interprètent-ils les relations entre l’Etat et la religion ? Cette thèse propose une analyse comparative des discours de quatre intellectuels musulmans européens traitant de cette question. Nous étudions conjointement les nombreuses interprétations de l’Islam avec l’essor des relations religion-Etat depuis la paix de Westphalie (1648), ainsi que la coordination entre les communautés musulmanes d’Europe et les institutions étatiques, à travers les réseaux de politiques publiques islamiques relatives à l’Islam dans la sphère publique européenne. Cette recherche compare les discours d’intellectuels musulmans ayant une grande écoute dans la sphère publique Européenne, à savoir Bassam Tibi, Tariq Ramadan, Amr Khaled et Yusuf Qaradawi. Notre analyse compare les discours de ces quatre intellectuels dans un cadre d’analyse multidimensionnel qui comprend quatre catégories. La première est conceptuelle ; la deuxième est institutionnelle; la troisième, l’agenda social; enfin l’action politique et la mobilisation politique prescrite pour les musulmans en Europe. Cette recherche éclaire également l’étude des relations entre Etat et religion à la lumière de l’influence de l’immigration musulmane vers l’Europe et l’installation de Musulmans en tant qu’Européens durant les dernières décennies. Comprendre les perceptions de l’Islam en Europe comme étant influencées par le discours religieux européen tout en influençant celui-ci en retour permettrait de préciser le développement futur des relations entre les religions européennes et les Etats à la fois pour les chercheurs, les acteurs sociaux et les décideurs politiques<br>How do Muslims intellectuals in Europe interpret religion state relations? The Ph. D. Dissertation performs a comparative discourse analysis (CDA) of four European Muslim intellectuals as each reflects upon religion state relations. The dissertation studies the multiple interpretations of Islam juxtaposed with the developing religion state relations since the Peace of Westphalia (1648) as well as the coordination between European Muslim communities and state institutions through Islamic policy networks relating to issues of Islam in Europe’s public sphere. The research compares the discourses of for Muslim intellectuals that are prominent in Europe’s public sphere: Bassam Tibi, Tariq Ramadan, Amr Khaled and Yusuf Qaradawi. The CDA compares the four intellectuals in a multi-dimensional framework comprising four categories. First is conceptual; second, institutional surrounding; third, social agenda; fourth, political action and political mobilization prescribed for Muslims in Europe. Studying the discursive presentations of Tibi, Ramadan, Khaled and Qaradawi the research reorganizes the principles of analyzing Islam and Europe opening the possibility of bridging potential obstacles and rigid interpretations of Islam and European identity. The research enlightens the study of religion state relations and the social establishment of Muslim as Europeans over the previous decades. Understanding the perceptions of Islam in Europe as simultaneously influenced by and influencing Europe’s religious discourse could elaborate the future development of European religions state relations for researchers, social organizers and policy makers
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Guptill, Sandi London Carleton University Dissertation Geography. "The provision of transportation services to isolated communities with emphasis on the development of systems on the Labrador Coast." Ottawa, 1988.
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Chan, Yu-yuen Chris, and 陳于遠. "Public transport planning in Tuen Mun." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43893247.
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Smith, Carolyn Elizabeth. "Marginalization across Europe: Intersections of Ethnicity, Class, Gender and State." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1340637898.
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Saillard, Sébastien. "Les institutions et aspects juridiques relatifs au contrôle aérien en Europe : Eurocontrol." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=60706.
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The European Organization for the Safety of Air Navigation (Eurocontrol) was created in 1960 for the centralization and harmonization of air traffic control, to meet the new requirements of increasing air traffic. The primary functions of Eurocontrol were modified because of the reluctance of several European member States to transfer their control on ATC. But air traffic was still increasing and is deemed to increase until the next century. The problem remains unsolved. Today, a new political trend in favor of Eurocontrol is emerging. This trend is shared by most of the European States as well as other organizations as the European Community and the European Civil Aviation Conference.<br>The main legal aspects of Eurocontrol are analysed in this thesis, as well as its cooperation with other organizations involved. Eventually, the future of Eurocontrol is analyzed with respect to future air navigation systems (FANS) based on satellite technology.
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Farmer, Stephanie. "Chicago's public transportation system the contradictions of neoliberalism in the global city /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Wilson, Richard D. "Strategic multimodal performance measurement: a survey of best practices at state departments of transportation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50419.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Over the past several years state departments of transportation (DOTs) have been faced with the challenge of mounting traffic congestion and dwindling transportation funds. It is against this backdrop that the need for optimal resource allocation decisions has become of utmost importance. Two emerging fields in transportation planning, performance measurement and multimodal planning, have the potential to assist agencies in investing transportation resources in the most effective manner. The confluence of these two fields at the strategic level, strategic multimodal performance measurement, is a promising approach for state DOTs looking to meet the public's growing transportation needs in spite of the dwindling financial resources available. Currently, many states are having difficulty developing performance measurement programs that incorporate a multimodal perspective to facilitate cross-modal comparisons. The objective of this research is to identify innovations and best practices at leading state DOTs in strategic multimodal performance measurement in order to assist other DOTs in the development or improvement of their strategic multimodal performance measurement programs. First, a review of literature examined the existing research related to performance measurement and multimodal planning. From this review of literature, a list of criteria was developed to evaluate strategic multimodal performance measurement programs. Additionally, a group of state DOTs with success in performance measurement or multimodal planning was identified. Next, a nationwide survey of multimodal practices at state DOTs was conducted to identify the current practices in strategic multimodal performance measurement. This survey, along with the literature review and discussions with practitioners, guided the selection of five state DOTs that case studies were performed on. Each of the case studies was organized and evaluated based on the criteria established in the literature review. The findings of this research suggest that performance measures for non-highway modes still lag behind those for highways, even in leading state DOTs. The findings also suggest that state DOTs have yet to develop a leading methodology for multimodal tradeoff analysis, but that performance measurement systems that are analogous across all modes have great potential for facilitating cross-modal comparisons.
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Kwong, Lau Po-yuk Christina. "A study of the development of transport policy in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23295375.
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Siu, Wai-ming. "The development of transport policy in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23339160.
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LeBoeuf, Charles W. "Estimating Annual Average Daily Traffic for Non-State Roads in Louisiana." Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585862.
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<p> Average annual daily traffic (AADT) is important in transportation engineering and planning, and although the State of Louisiana collects AADT on a regular basis on state-maintained highways, most parishes and smaller municipalities do not have the resources to collect AADT frequently. Because the roads under the jurisdiction of parishes and municipalities account for three-fourths of the entire state road network, a practical method to estimated AADT must be developed. Before model development, previous studies into AADT estimation and their results are to be further analyzed. Roadway, demographic, and economic data for selected parishes in Louisiana is collected and processed to remove any data not necessary in model development, and afterwards, parish-specific and combination data models using this data are developed to compare to the observed AADT at a particular count station. Parish selection is based on population, number of existing count stations within the parish, and if an Interstate Highway traverses the parish. Because of the varying characteristics among the data in the selected parishes, parish-specific models for the rural parish roads are developed, and Poisson is selected as the regression model due to discrete data. Results for all Poisson models developed show that the models tend to overestimate AADT for lower observed AADT and underestimate AADT for higher observed AADT. Because of this, support vector regression (SVR) was used, and this method greatly improved the estimation of AADT in comparison to the Poisson regression as shown using certain goodness-of-fit parameters.</p>
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Hammer, Kristina Marie. "Organizational network analysis in a transportation agency." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2009/k_hammer_120309.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in civil engineering)--Washington State University, December 2009.<br>Title from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 15, 2010). "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. [9-10]).
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Baldomero, Warstrand Astrid. "Catalonia - a New State in Europe? : Exploring the legal possibilities of creating an independent Catalan State." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-416428.
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Support for the creation of an independent Catalan state has increased significantly during the past two decades. In 2017, an estimated 40.2 percent of the total Catalan population supported the creation of an independent Catalonia. The road towards independence has shown to be filled with legal obstacles. While the separatists tend to base their demand for independence on a supposed “right to self-determination” and a “right to decide”, the meaning and effects of invoking these “rights” can be questioned. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the legal possibilities of forming an independent Catalan state based on these commonly invoked rights. With regard to self-determination, this thesis concludes that all peoples have a right to self-determination, but this right does not necessarily entail a right to secession. Only under grave circumstances can self-determination lead to secession. The Catalans are not in such a situation and cannot therefore successfully claim that their right to self-determination entails a right to secede from Spain. As to a “right to decide”, the right as such exists neither within international law nor Spanish national law. This right can be broken down into two parts: The possibility to hold a referendum on independence and the possibility to declare independence based on the referendum. The thesis concludes that despite a referendum being complicated, but not impossible, to organise based on the Spanish Constitution, the Catalans can organise such a referendum based on international human rights law. The Catalans can also unilaterally declare independence since there is no explicit prohibition against doing so. Finally, the thesis discusses the issue of international recognition. Catalonia is unlikely to receive international recognition under the current circumstances. The thesis then concludes that even though the Catalans do not have a right to self-determination in the form of secession, they could organise a referendum and unilaterally declare independence. Such a declaration will however have no effect in practice without recognition from the international community.<br>El apoyo a la creación de un estado catalán independiente ha incrementado considerablemente en las últimas dos décadas. En 2017, se estimaba que un 40,2 por ciento de la población catalana apoyaba la creación de una Cataluña independiente. El camino hacia la independencia ha demostrado varios obstáculos jurídicos. Las personas que abogan por esta independencia, tienden a fundar su anhelo de establecer una Cataluña independiente apoyándose en un “derecho a la autodeterminación” y un “derecho a decidir”. El significado y los efectos de invocar estos “derechos” pueden ser cuestionados. El objetivo de esta tesis es investigar las posibilidades e incertidumbres legales que podrían conllevar el crear una Cataluña independiente protegiéndose en estos derechos. Con respecto a la autodeterminación, esta tesis concluye que todos los pueblos tienen un derecho a la autodeterminación, pero este derecho no implica un derecho a la secesión. El derecho a la autodeterminación sólo puede implicar un derecho a la secesión bajo circunstancias graves. Hoy en día los catalanes no se encuentran en una situación de tal gravedad, es por ello que el derecho a la autodeterminación no les da un derecho a la secesión de España unilateralmente. El “derecho a decidir” no existe en el orden jurídico español ni en el nivel internacional. Sin embargo, este derecho puede ser dividido en dos partes: La posibilidad de organizar un referéndum, y la posibilidad de unilateralmente declarar independencia según el resultado del referéndum. Esta tesis concluye que, a pesar de que un referéndum es complicado, no sería imposible organizar uno según la constitución española. Es por ello que la población catalana que aboga por la independencia, podrían organizar un referéndum apoyándose en derechos humanos internacionales. Los catalanes también pueden unilateralmente declarar la independencia, porque no hay ninguna prohibición explicita contra una declaración de independencia. Para finalizar, la tesis examina el tema de reconocimiento internacional. Es improbable que Cataluña obtenga reconocimiento internacional como un estado independiente. La tesis concluye que, a pesar de no disfrutar de un derecho a la autodeterminación, los catalanes podrían organizar un referéndum y unilateralmente declarar la independencia. Pero, en todo caso, sería una declaración vacía de contenido y no tendría ningún efecto sin un reconocimiento de la comunidad internacional.<br>El suport a la creació d’un estat català independent ha incrementat considerablement les últimes dues dècades. El 2017, s’estimava que el 40,2% de la població catalana va donar suport a la creació d’una Catalunya independent. El camí cap a la independència s’ha topat diversos obstacles jurídics. Les persones que advoquen per aquesta independència, tendeixen a fundar el seu anhel d’establir una Catalunya independent en un “dret a l’autodeterminació” i un “dret a decidir”. El significat i els efectes d’invocar aquests “drets” es poden qüestionar. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és investigar les possibilitats i incerteses legals que podria comportar el fet de crear una Catalunya independent protegida per aquests drets. Pel que fa a l’autodeterminació, aquesta tesi conclou que tots els pobles tenen un dret a l’autodeterminació, però aquest dret no implica un dret a la secessió. El dret a l’autodeterminació només pot implicar un dret a la secessió sota circumstàncies greus. Avui dia, la població catalana que advoca per la independència no es troba en una situació d’aquesta gravetat, és per això que el dret a l’autodeterminació no els dona un dret a la secessió d’Espanya unilateralment. Pel que fa al “dret a decidir”, aquest dret no existeix en l’ordre jurídic espanyol ni en l’àmbit internacional. No obstant, aquest dret pot dividir en dues parts: la possibilitat d’organitzar un referèndum, i la possibilitat d’unilateralment declarar la independència segons el resultat del referèndum. Aquesta tesi conclou que, tot i que un referèndum és complicat, no seria impossible organitzar-ne un segons la constitució espanyola. És per això que els catalans podrien organitzar un referèndum basant-se en drets humans internacionals. Els catalans també podrien unilateralment declarar la independència, perquè no hi ha cap prohibició explícita contra una declaració d’independència. Per finalitzar, la tesi examina el tema del reconeixement internacional. És improbable que Catalunya obtingui reconeixement com a un estat independent de la comunitat internacional. La tesi conclou que els catalans, malgrat no tenir un dret a l’autodeterminació, podrien organitzar un referèndum i podrien unilateralment declarar la independència. Però, en tot cas, seria una declaració buida de contingut i no tindria cap efecte sense un reconeixement de la comunitat internacional.
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Boesenecker, Aaron P. "Defining work and welfare the politics of social policy reform in Europe /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/461265191/viewonline.
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Khachatryan, Hayk. "Spatial investigation of mineral transportation characteristics in the state of Washington." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/H_Khachatryan_122806.pdf.
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Kollamkuzhi, Dharman Amrutha <1991>. "Cross-Border mobility in Europe. Issues and State of the Art." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19990.
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Mobility is identified as the key element by European Council for achieving goals of the revised Lisbon strategy and for the implementation of the European Employment Strategy . Mobility patterns are traditionally selective. They may differ considerably with regards to
motivation, age, level of skills and experiences. Historical ties also seem to play a lasting role in the shaping and importance of cross-border movements . Recent research on cross-border mobility has identified three parameters which determine decisions to move between living and working places: wage and income differentials; employment opportunities; individual opportunity and risk assessment. With regard to cross-border mobility, an important role is attached to the regional distribution of economic wealth and the chances of finding gainful employment . In Europe, cross-border commuting is an increasing phenomenon . In 2013 the total number commuters were about 1.6 million, which further increased to 1.9million in 2015 and to 2.1 million in 2019 . The process of European integration based on historical steps as the establishment of the Schengen Area and the
Euro currency, as well as the abolition of systematic border controls, fostered the growing permeability of national borders .
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Khan, Azhar Mansur. "Preliminary cost-benefit study of supersonic commercial air transportation." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28951.
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Gu, Yiming. "Bayesian-based Traffic State Estimation in Large-Scale Networks Using Big Data." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/800.
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Traffic state estimation (TSE) aims to estimate the time-varying traffic characteristics (such as flow rate, flow speed, flow density, and occurrence of incidents) of all roads in traffic networks, provided with limited observations in sparse time and locations. TSE is critical to transportation planning, operation and infrastructure design. In this new era of “big data”, massive volumes of sensing data from a variety of source (such as cell phones, GPS, probe vehicles, and inductive loops, etc.) enable TSE in an efficient, timely and accurate manner. This research develops a Bayesian-based theoretical framework, along with statistical inference algorithms, to (1) capture the complex flow patterns in the urban traffic network consisting both highways and arterials; (2) incorporate heterogeneous data sources into the process of TSE; (3) enable both estimation and perdition of traffic states; and (4) demonstrate the scalability to large-scale urban traffic networks. To achieve those goals, a Hierarchical Bayesian probabilistic model is proposed to capture spatio-temporal traffic states. The propagation of traffic states are encapsulated through mesoscopic network flow models (namely the Link Queue Model) and equilibrated fundamental diagrams. Traffic states in the Hierarchical Bayesian model are inferred using the Expectation-Maximization Extended Kalman Filter (EM-EKF). To better estimate and predict states, infrastructure supply is also estimated as part of the TSE process. It is done by adopting a series of algorithms to translate Twitter data into traffic incident information. Finally, the proposed EM-EKF algorithm is implemented and examined on the road networks in Washington DC. The results show that the proposed methods can handle large-scale traffic state estimation, while achieving superior results comparing to traditional temporal and spatial smoothing methods.
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Celikbilek, Can. "Transportation Route Optimization for the State of Ohio’s Inland Waterway System: A Case Study for Mid-Ohio River Valley Region." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1444307761.
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Bolukbasi, H. Tolga. "From budgetary pressures to welfare state retrenchment? : economic and monetary union and the politics of welfare state reform." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=102789.
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This study examines the relationship between economic and monetary integration culminating in Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) and welfare state trajectories focusing on the cases of Belgium, Italy, and Greece in the 1990s. The conventional wisdom on this relationship expected that EMU would lead to across-the-board downsizing of the European welfare states through imposing macroeconomic austerity in general and budgetary restraint in particular. The study questions the validity of this prediction which is represented by the austerity hypothesis. Based on an analysis of social expenditure data in the run-up to EMU the study reveals that spending levels remained largely stable and therefore that the welfare states of the EMU-candidates largely escaped radical retrenchment. Avoiding significant and systematic expenditure retreat was possible not only in the face of powerful fiscal pressures but also during a period when policymakers had the opportunity to justify even the most draconian measures in the name of achieving EMU membership. Hence the study addresses the following puzzle: How could Europe's welfare states largely avert across-the-board downsizing during the 1990s despite fiscal pressures they faced on the road to EMU? Through an examination of episodes of welfare reform in three critical cases (Belgium, Italy, and Greece) which needed to go through drastic budgetary cutbacks for EMU membership, the study shows that the Maastricht criteria did compel successive governments in these member states to propose radical welfare reforms, vindicating the conventional wisdom's expectations. In episodes of welfare reform, however, governments discovered that their reform capacities were largely limited due to domestic opposition from an alliance of entrenched interests. The convergence period was marred with recurrent mass mobilization of unions against welfare reforms which forced governments to scale back their original ambitions or scrap them altogether. This shows that the expectations of the conventional wisdom that EMU would actually lead to massive retrenchment of Europe's welfare states, however, are not borne out by the evidence on welfare state trajectories in the 1990s.
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Buzdugan, Adrian. "Space Transportation and Exploitation Missions offered by the VEGA Transportation System that could reshape the European Space Industry." Thesis, KTH, Farkost och flyg, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-259357.
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The aim of the thesis is to provide the mission requirements for the VEGA Transportation System(VTS), the equivalent of Phase 0 of a space project. The decrease in sizes and masses of the satellites opened the opportunity for the light capability VEGA launchers to contribute and reshape the European space value chain. VTS is envisaged to be an extension of the services offered by the VEGA launcher family, by providing solutions and services of space transportation and orbital exploitation. The elaboration of this thesis followed closely a methodology for defining complex space missions discussed by authors in “Methodology for requirements definition of complex space missions and system” and “Reusable space tug concept and mission”, which emphasizes the need of both, the Functional Analysis and Concept of Operation as fundamental activities to assess and derive the mission requirements. The results section reports a thorough description of the results obtained in the quest of identifying and characterizing new missions requirements for VTS. Specifically, missions for Releasing payload(s) to its/their final position and missions for Providing charter for In-Orbit Verification / In-Orbit Experimentation / In-Orbit Demonstration were exemplified. The mission requirements are summarized at the end of the section. A parallel between the findings and the current space trends is drawn in the Discussion, with details about the target market and how VTS could reshape it. A short discussion on how the entire portfolio of missions are amalgamated, in such a way that as few systems as possible can handle these missions is also provided. Lastly, a comparison between the work performed within the AVIO project and a sounding rocket project is given, providing thoughts about the lessons learned from both of them. Eventually, the conclusions are drawn based on the missions presented throughout thethesis and explains how the entire portfolio of missions will be further analyzed and more requirements will be deployed for the refinement of the entire VTS.<br>Syftet med denna rapport är att formulera uppdragskraven, motsvarande fas noll i ett rymdprojekt, för VEGA Transportation System (VTS). Minskningen i storlek och massa hos satelliter har öppnat upp för att VEGA, som är byggd för små nyttolaster, kan bidra till och utöka den europeiska uppskjutningskapaciteten och tjänsterna för olika rymdtransporter. Denna studien följer till stora delar metoderna som presenteras i “Methodology for requirements definition of complex space missions and system” samt “Reusable space tug concept and mission”. I dessa publikationer understryks behovet av både funktionell analys samt operationskonceptet som fundamentala aktiviteter för att bedöma och formulera uppdragskraven. Resultatavsnittet går igenom de framtagna uppdragkraven med de ovan nämnda metoderna. I diskussionsavsnittet analyseras nuvarande trender inom rymdsektorn och hur VTS kan vara med och forma utvecklingen samt den tänkta marknaden för systemet. Det diskuteras hur flera rymduppdrag kan slås ihop så att så få system som möligt kan hantera dessa uppdrag. Slutligen görs en jämförelse mellan arbetet inom AVIO-projektet med ett REXUS-sondraketprojekt, med tankar och lärdomar från båda projekten. Slutsatser dras utifrån portföljen av uppdrag som tagits fram för VTS i studien. VTS kommer framöver att fortsätta analyseras samt motiveras med flera argument för dess förbättring.
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Belien, Paul. "The hinge of Europe : a history of the artificial state of Belgium and how it prefigures a federal Europe." Thesis, University of Buckingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436892.
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Scheving, Thorsteinsson Astridur. "State aid to airlines." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ64301.pdf.
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AAGAARD, Anders Juhl. "Family formation and stability in western welfare states since 1960 : the influence of family and housing policy." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/68455.
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Defence Date: 29 September 2020 (Online)<br>Examining Board: Prof. Dr. Hans-Peter Blossfeld, (EUI); Prof. Dr. Anton Hemerijck, (EUI); Prof. Dr. Melinda Mills, (University of Oxford); Prof. Dr. Jon Kvist, (Roskilde University)<br>This thesis explains differences in changes to family formation and stability in France, Norway, the FRG and the GDR based changes to family- and housing policy. Focus is on developments from the 1960s to the early 2000s. Previous research has focused on more recent developments from the 1980s onwards. A new conceptualization of family policy is introduced that enables a distinction between policy that alleviate the care giving role of mothers (de-familialization) and policies that intervene more directly in the caring responsibility within the family, aiming for a more equal share of childcare between women and men (de-genderization).
Findings show that higher educated women are more likely of entry into marriage, when family policy provides more de-familalization (France, GDR) or de-genderization (Norway). But higher educated women are less likely of entry into marriage in the FRG where family policy remained conservative, forcing these women to choose between family and career. In the FRG where family policy remained conservative, with low support for female employment, married women with low levels of education became more likely of entry into divorce. A difference between women with different educational levels is not observed where family policy has included more de-familialziaiton and de-genderization. Findings for changes to housing policy are less convincing. Soft deregulation of rent control and tenure security has a positive effect on entry into consensual union in all countries, making a two person income household better equipped to cover the cost of rent increases that this change introduced. But results for the influence of support for home-ownership show little effect on entry into a marriage and divorce in all four countries. This may be because the full effect has not manifested itself yet. Extending the time period of analysis may provide more insights on the influence of these changes.