Thèses sur le sujet « Transfert de puissance sans fil »
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Koteiche, Ali. « Développement de récupérateurs d’énergie sans fil à base de transducteurs magnétoélectriques pour des applications biomédicales ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUS036.
Texte intégralE-Health and the Internet of Things (IoT) are two growing markets, related to each other by the interconnection of nomadic objects for the “quantified self”, where each patient can perform his own physiological tests. To that purpose, one of the technological challenges lies in the power autonomy, since energy must be supplied to the system with a minimum interaction from the outside. Hence, the development of a wireless energy harvester has a very wide range of applications. In this context, magnetoelectric (ME) materials arouse a significant scientific interest as energy transducers to transform electromagnetic energy provided from the outside into electrical energy available to power the system. ME materials are laminar composites based on piezoelectric and magnetostrictive layers, generally glued together. The device is usually connected to an electrical interface via deposited electrodes. When the ME material is driven by an external magnetic field, magnetostrictive elements are subject to mechanical constraints and motion. This motion is then transferred to the piezoelectric element which generates a voltage between its electrodes. Then, the energy must be shaped (conditioned) and managed at the system level (power management). For piezoelectric energy harvesters, many optimization strategies already exist to maximize the power flow from the transducer to the energy storage unit. This optimization takes into account the impact of the energy harvesting circuit on the overall performances of the system. Yet, to this day, no optimal solution has been identified to fit the specific constraints imposed by magnetoelectric resonators. Taking into account the specificity of magnetoelectric resonators at the system level will be a key point of this thesis. The thesis will thus aim at studying and designing the architecture of energy harvesting and conditioning systems for magnetoelectric transducers
Iannone, Luigi. « Routage cross-layer et gestion de la mobilité dans les réseaux maillés sans fil ». Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066497.
Texte intégralQuignon, Jérémy. « Chargement sans fil par NFC ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0462.
Texte intégralThe PHD context is focused on the NFC market and its extension allowing wireless charging. This new functionality allows to charge wearable products that cannot be charged with the wireless charging technologies available on the market today. The PHD objective is to develop a solution for these wearable products, such as connected watches and bracelets, wireless headphones, connected glasses, ... This solution must satisfy NFC standards while seeking to optimize the performance of power transfer
Rivière, Jérôme. « Conception et réalisation de rectenna en technologie guide d'onde coplanaire pour de faibles niveaux de puissance ». Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0023/document.
Texte intégralThe thesis subject dealt in this report lies in the LE²P framework on the energy sustainability of wireless sensor network. This work is dedicated to the reception and rectifying part of wireless power transfer to give energy sustainability to nodes in a sensor network. This process is not new and originate from the years 1950. The behavior of this process is since well-known in several waveguide such technology as microstrip. But the need of drill in those waveguide circuit may be inconvenient and lead to discrepancy from one circuit to another. This was the motivational keystone to the work address in this report which uses coplanar waveguide (CPW) over microstrip. The conception of such devices goes through a good conceptual and experimental understanding of the waveguide technology. The approach in this document consists of using coplanar waveguide while minimizing its drawbacks, in order to avoid drilling in the substrate and ease the realization of the rectifying part by limiting the human interaction
Liang, Mincui. « Dynamic Wireless Charging System ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UCFA0072.
Texte intégralDynamic wireless power transfer is a promising solution for charging electric vehicles while driving. It is, however, technically challenging due to the loosely-coupled and dynamic nature of the system. To address this challenge, this thesis proposed a novel switching point control method to ensure a high and efficient power transfer for a wide range of coupling situations. The thesis took a deep dive into the series-series wireless power transfer and, from both design and control perspectives, thoroughly investigated all the technical aspects which could potentially affect the system performances in theory and practice.From the system design perspective, different theoretical modelling and calculation methods were first derived to compute, select and validate the key components of the system and their parameters. A holistic model-based parametric design and analysis approach was adopted to generate and evaluate design alternatives of the system against specified performance criteria.Consequently, an optimal design of the series-series wireless power transfer system was achieved with a close-to-one resonant frequency ratio and high performances for the wide ranges of coupling situations and operating frequencies. From the system control perspective, systematic analyses were first carried out to thoroughly understand the interrelations between the operating frequencies and output power and identify the optimal frequencies which could be potentially utilised as control variables for optimising the performance of the system. During the process, a power triangle effect was discovered to reveal the causal relationship between frequency, phase shift and power, and to provide insights into the control of dynamic wireless power transfer systems. The primary zero phase angle frequency was used as the basis for developing a phase-plane-based switching point control method for static and dynamic wireless power transfer based only on the primary side state variables without needing any information from the secondary side of the system. Specifically, an innovative voltage corrector was proposed to purposely reshape the control trajectory to match the control law and to reach the control target from both sides of the resonance frequencies, leading to the right control solutions without oscillation for given control radii.The proposed method did not only solve the three major problems related to the control of series-series wireless power transfer systems, i.e. frequency bifurcation, multiple solutions for one control radius and oscillation, but also ensured the system could achieve a high and efficient power transfer under dynamic operating conditions and in the meantime provide self-protection to the wireless power transfer systems
Aimer, Younes. « Étude des performances d'un système de communication sans fil à haut débit ». Thesis, Poitiers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019POIT2269.
Texte intégralThe request of the users in terms of rate, coverage and quality of service is growing exponentially, with increasing demand for electrical energy, to ensure networks link. In this context, new waveforms based on the OFDM modulation become widely popular and used intensively in recent radio communications architectures. However, these signals are sensitive to the power amplifier nonlinearities because of their high envelope fluctuations characterized by a high PAPR, which degrades the energy consumption and the transmitter efficiency.In this thesis, we first began by a state art of the PAPR reduction techniques. This presentation allowed us to propose a new method based on interleaving and coding techniques. The first contribution consists on the use of the interleaving technique using null-subcarriers for the transmission of the side information, while respecting the frequency specifications of the used standard. The second one is based on the conjunction of the Shaping technique and the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), with the aim of improving the performance of the system. Simulation results show that the use of these two techniques allows a significant gain in terms of PAPR reduction, which results in the improvement of the system efficiency. Finally, we presented an experimental study of the proposed techniques using an RF test bench with a commercial LDMOS 20 W PA, class AB operating at 3.7 GHz. The results obtained for the IEEE 802.11 standards show that the proposed approaches allow the transmission robustness and quality, while optimizing the power consumption
Couraud, Benoît. « Optimisation des transferts d'énergie pour les systèmes connectés : application aux systèmes RFID communiquant en champ proche à très haut débit ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0572.
Texte intégralThe research work presented in this thesis provides solutions to help industrials to better design RFID readers and RFID tags that implement VHBR (Very High Bit Rate) protocols. Indeed, VHBR technology has a large drawback on the functionning of RFID tags as it lowers the energy available to supply the tag. First, this research work focuses on RFID reader design, and especially matching networks design. After describing a new way of assessing power transfer in Radio Frequency systems, it is shown that T matching networks as thoses proposed in ISO/IEC 10373-6 give the best results in terms of power transfer and signal integrity. Thus, a design method is proposed to correctly choose the three T matching network components that will optimize the power transfer and still meet the signal integrity requirements.Second, this thesis will focus on the design of RFID tags, by describing a new tag's antenna design method that optimize the energy harvested by the antenna and meanwhile reduce the power reflections between the antenna and the tag's chip. This design method is based on new explicit formula that compute a rectangular planar antenna inductance as a function of its geometric characteristics. This method showed very accurate results, and can become an interesting tool for industrials to speed up and optimize their antenna design procedure.Finally, a platform that measures RFID chip's impedance in every state of the chip has been designed, even during load modulation communication. The accuracy of this tool and its importance in order to achieve a good antenna design confer it a great usefulness
Bedier, Mohammed. « Circuits d’interface intégrés sur silicium pour une gestion optimale de la puissance dans les récupérateurs d’énergie vibratoire à transduction capacitive ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066376.
Texte intégralVibrational energy is an attractive power source for self-powered wireless sensors. A mainstream harvesting technique for vibrational energy is electrostatic MEMS harvesters. Various circuit architectures have already been introduced with many successful implementation, yet a load interface that efficiently manages the harvested energy has rarely been reported. In this work a load interface is proposed which is suited for any condition circuit (CC) implementing rectangular QV cycles. In general, a rectangular QV conditioning circuit has an optimum interval of which the energy harvested is maximised, thus the harvested energy should be periodically removed to maintain maximising the harvested energy. This is achieved through the load interface (LI). The LI proposed is a switched inductor capacitive architecture with a LI controller allowing the extraction of the energy in a multiple energy shot fashion. The LI controller incorporate an ultra low power clock for switching events and low power comparator for switching decision. Power consumption is reduced by operating at a low supply voltage (1.1V). The LI is implemented in AMS0.35HV technology with a mixed high voltage-low power control blocks. It takes into account the harvester operation to maximise its extracted energy. It overcomes the constrained limited biasing power, tackles resistive losses and power handling transistor long channels by transferring the energy in a multiple shots fashion. A CMOS implementation is proposed along with simulation results showing an average consumed power of the controller less than 100nW allowing the system to operate with input power levels as low as few hundreds of nano-watts
Couraud, Benoît. « Optimisation des transferts d'énergie pour les systèmes connectés : application aux systèmes RFID communiquant en champ proche à très haut débit ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0572/document.
Texte intégralThe research work presented in this thesis provides solutions to help industrials to better design RFID readers and RFID tags that implement VHBR (Very High Bit Rate) protocols. Indeed, VHBR technology has a large drawback on the functionning of RFID tags as it lowers the energy available to supply the tag. First, this research work focuses on RFID reader design, and especially matching networks design. After describing a new way of assessing power transfer in Radio Frequency systems, it is shown that T matching networks as thoses proposed in ISO/IEC 10373-6 give the best results in terms of power transfer and signal integrity. Thus, a design method is proposed to correctly choose the three T matching network components that will optimize the power transfer and still meet the signal integrity requirements.Second, this thesis will focus on the design of RFID tags, by describing a new tag's antenna design method that optimize the energy harvested by the antenna and meanwhile reduce the power reflections between the antenna and the tag's chip. This design method is based on new explicit formula that compute a rectangular planar antenna inductance as a function of its geometric characteristics. This method showed very accurate results, and can become an interesting tool for industrials to speed up and optimize their antenna design procedure.Finally, a platform that measures RFID chip's impedance in every state of the chip has been designed, even during load modulation communication. The accuracy of this tool and its importance in order to achieve a good antenna design confer it a great usefulness
Bedier, Mohammed. « Circuits d’interface intégrés sur silicium pour une gestion optimale de la puissance dans les récupérateurs d’énergie vibratoire à transduction capacitive ». Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066376/document.
Texte intégralVibrational energy is an attractive power source for self-powered wireless sensors. A mainstream harvesting technique for vibrational energy is electrostatic MEMS harvesters. Various circuit architectures have already been introduced with many successful implementation, yet a load interface that efficiently manages the harvested energy has rarely been reported. In this work a load interface is proposed which is suited for any condition circuit (CC) implementing rectangular QV cycles. In general, a rectangular QV conditioning circuit has an optimum interval of which the energy harvested is maximised, thus the harvested energy should be periodically removed to maintain maximising the harvested energy. This is achieved through the load interface (LI). The LI proposed is a switched inductor capacitive architecture with a LI controller allowing the extraction of the energy in a multiple energy shot fashion. The LI controller incorporate an ultra low power clock for switching events and low power comparator for switching decision. Power consumption is reduced by operating at a low supply voltage (1.1V). The LI is implemented in AMS0.35HV technology with a mixed high voltage-low power control blocks. It takes into account the harvester operation to maximise its extracted energy. It overcomes the constrained limited biasing power, tackles resistive losses and power handling transistor long channels by transferring the energy in a multiple shots fashion. A CMOS implementation is proposed along with simulation results showing an average consumed power of the controller less than 100nW allowing the system to operate with input power levels as low as few hundreds of nano-watts
Tu, Lam Thanh. « New Analytical Methods for the Analysis and Optimization of Energy-Efficient Cellular Networks by Using Stochastic Geometry ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS157/document.
Texte intégralIn communication networks, system-level analysis and optimization are useful when one is interested in optimizing the system performance across the entire network. System-level analysis and optimization, therefore, are relevant for optimally operating current networks, and for deploying and planning future networks. In the last few years, the system-level modeling and analysis of cellular networks have been facilitated by capitalizing on the mathematical tool of stochastic geometry and, more precisely, on the theory of spatial point processes. It has been empirically validated that, from the system-level standpoint, the locations of cellular base stations can be abstracted as points of a homogeneous Poisson point process whose intensity coincides with the average number of based stations per unit area.In this context, the contribution of the present Ph.D. thesis lies in developing new analytical methodologies for analyzing and optimizing emerging cellular network deployments. The present Ph.D. thesis, in particular, provides three main contributions to the analysis and optimization of energy-efficient cellular networks.The first contribution consists of introducing a tractable approach for assessing the feasibility of multiple-antenna cellular networks, where low-energy mobile devices decode data and harvest power from the same received signal. Tools from stochastic geometry are used to quantify the information rate vs. harvested power tradeoff. Our study unveils that large-scale antenna arrays and ultra-dense deployments of base stations are both necessary to harvest, with high reliability, a sufficiently high amount of power. Furthermore, the feasibility of receiver diversity for application to downlink cellular networks is investigated. Several options that are based on selection combining and maximum ratio combining are compared against each other. Our analysis shows that no scheme outperforms the others for every system setup. It suggests, on the other hand, that the low-energy devices need to operate in an adaptive fashion, by choosing the receiver diversity scheme as a function of the imposed requirements.The second contribution consists of introducing a new tractable approach for modeling and optimizing the energy efficiency of cellular networks. Unlike currently available analytical approaches that provide either simple but meaningless or meaningful but complex analytical expressions of the coverage probability and spectral efficiency of cellular networks, the proposed approach is conveniently formulated in a closed-form expression that is proved to be simple and meaningful at the same time. By relying on the new proposed formulation of the spectral efficiency, a new tractable closed-form expression of the energy efficiency of downlink cellular network is proposed, which is used for optimizing the transmit power and the density of cellular base stations. It is mathematically proved, in particular, that the energy efficiency is a unimodal and strictly pseudo-concave function in the transmit power, given the density of the base stations, and in the density of the base stations, given the transmit power. The optimal transmit power and density of base stations are proved to be the solution of simple non-linear equations.The third contribution consists of introducing a new tractable approach for analyzing the performance of multi-tier cellular networks equipped with renewable energy sources, such as solar panels. The proposed approach allows one to account for the spatial distribution of the base stations by using the theory of point processes, as well as for the random arrival and availability of energy by using Markov chain theory. By using the proposed approach, the energy efficiency of cellular networks can be quantified and the interplay between the density of base stations and energy arrival rate can be quantified and optimized
Adami, Salah-Eddine. « Optimisation de la récupération d'énergie dans les applications de rectenna ». Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967525.
Texte intégralSlimani, Hicham. « Protocoles coopératifs pour réseaux sans fil ». Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2013. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/10309/1/slimani.pdf.
Texte intégralBelmega, Elena Veronica. « Problèmes d'allocations de ressouces dans les réseaux MIMO sans fil distribués ». Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112259.
Texte intégralLn this thesis manuscript, the main objective is to study the wireless networks where the node terminals are equipped with multiple antennas. Rising topics such as self-optimizing networks, green communications and distributed algorithms have been approached mainly from a theoretical perspective. To this aim, we have used a diversified spectrum of tools from Game Theory, Information Theory, Random Matrix Theory and Learning Theory in Games. We start our analysis with the study of the power allocation problem in distributed networks. The transmitters are assumed to be autonomous and capable of allocating their powers to optimize their Shannon achievable rates. A non-cooperative game theoretical framework is used to investigate the solution to this problem. Distributed algorithms which converge towards the optimal solution, i. E. The Nash equilibrium, have been proposed. Two different approaches have been applied: iterative algorithms based on the best-response correspondence and reinforcement learning algorithms. Another major issue is related to the energy-efficiency aspect of the communication. Ln order to achieve high transmission rates, the power consumption is also high. Ln networks where the power consumption is the bottleneck, the Shannon achievable rate is no longer suitable performance metric. This is why we have also addressed the problem of optimizing an energy-efficiency function
Saavedra, Navarrete José Antonio. « Multidiffusion et diffusion dans les systèmes OFDM sans fil ». Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00757636.
Texte intégralLertsinsrubtavee, Adisorn. « Sélection et transfert de spectre adaptatifs dans les réseaux de radio cognitive ». Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066300.
Texte intégralCognitive radio is proposed as a promising solution for the next generation of wireless communication networks. Cognitive radio users are required to perform spectrum handoff from a wireless channel to another in order to cope with the dynamic spectrum environment imposed by licensed users. Spectrum handoff can cause transmission interruptions leading to the degradation of services. We study and develop efficient spectrum management strategies that aim to provide diverse service requirements for cognitive radio users. First, we propose novel spectrum handoff and selection strategies in order to satisfy a delay requirement. In particular, we estimate the delay of arrival packets based on the prior packets in the queue and compare it to a maximum delay bound. Then, we use the expected delays to estimate a delay violation ratio that guides the spectrum handoff and selection decisions. Our strategies reduce the number of spectrum handoff significantly compared to existing approaches while the delay requirement is guaranteed. Second, we consider the rate requirement by investigating the interaction between spectrum handoff and spectrum sharing through an optimization framework. The results provide useful insights and guidelines for designing efficient spectrum sharing heuristics that take into account spectrum handoff and selection strategies. Finally, we develop a heuristic for spectrum sharing that includes novel static and dynamic spectrum sharing algorithms based essentially on a rate compensation approach and adapted best fit algorithms. Our heuristic reduces the number of handoffs significantly while the achieved rate is fulfilling compared to the optimal
Tourki, Kamel. « Conception et optimisation de protocoles de coopération pour les communications sans fil ». Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE4006.
Texte intégralCooperative mechanisms are becoming increasingly important in wireless communications and networks to substantially enhance system performance with respect to much less power consumption, higher system capacity and smaller packet loss rate. The idea of cooperation can be traced back to the information theory investigation on relay channel in cellular network. From the system point of view, since Mobile Station (MS) has limitations in single antenna, power, cost and hardware, it is infeasible to use MIMO technology in MS. Mobile users with single antennas can still take advantage of spatial diversity through cooperative space-time encoded transmission. The objective of this thesis is to introduce and discuss various cooperative strategies in wireless communications. In the first part, we present an end-to-end performance analysis of two-hop asynchronous cooperative diversity with regenerative relays over Rayleigh block-flat-fading channels, in which a precoding frame-based scheme with packet-wise encoding is used. This precoding is based on the addition of a cyclic prefix which is implemented as a training sequence. We derive, for equal and unequal sub-channel gains, the bit-error rate and the end-to-end bit-error rate expressions for binary phase-shift keying. We also present the performance of the frame-error rate and the end-to-end frame-error rate. Finally, comparisons between three system configurations, differing by the amount of cooperation, are presented. The second part contains two chapters. In the first chapter, we consider a scheme in which a relay chooses to cooperate only if its source-relay channel is of an acceptable quality and we evaluate the usefulness of relaying when the source acts blindly and ignores the decision of the relays whether they may cooperate or not. In our study, we consider the regenerative relays in which the decisions to cooperate are based on a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold and consider the impact of the possible erroneously detected and transmitted data at the relays. We derive the end-to-end bit-error rate (BER) for binary phase-shift keying modulation and look at two power allocation strategies between the source and the relays in order to minimize the end-to-end BER at the destination for high SNR. In the second chapter, we consider a scheme in which the relay chooses to cooperate only if the source-destination channel is of an unacceptable quality. In our study, we consider a regenerative relay in which the decision to cooperate is based on a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) threshold and consider the effect of the possible erroneously detected and transmitted data at the relay. We derive an expression for the end-to-end bit-error rate (BER) of binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation and look at the optimal strategy to minimize this end-to-end BER at the destination for high SNR. In the third part, we consider a multiple access MAC fading channel with two users communicating with a common destination, where each user mutually acts as a relay for the other one as well as wishes to transmit his own information as opposed to having dedicated relays. We wish to evaluate the usefulness of relaying from the point of view of the system's throughput (sum rate) rather than from the sole point of view of the user benefiting from the cooperation as is typically done. We do this by allowing a trade-off between relaying and fresh data transmission through a resource allocation framework. Specifically, we propose cooperative transmission scheme allowing each user to allocate a certain amount of power for his own transmitted data while the rest is devoted to relaying. The underlying protocol is based on a modification of the so-called non-orthogonal amplify and forward (NAF) protocol. We develop capacity expressions for our scheme and derive the rate-optimum power allocation, in closed form for centralized and distributed frameworks. In the distributed scenario, partially statistical and partially instantaneous channel information is exploited. The centralized power allocation algorithm indicates that even in a mutual cooperation setting like ours, on any given realization of the channel, cooperation is never truly mutual, i. E. One of the users will always allocate zero power to relaying the data of the other one, and thus act selfishly. But in distributed framework, our results indicate that the sum rate is maximized when both mobiles act selfishly
Doukopoulos, Xenofon. « Techniques de la puissance pour l'estimation aveugle d'un canal dans des systèmes de communication sans fil ». Rennes 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004REN10060.
Texte intégralMériaux, François. « Théorie des jeux et apprentissage pour les réseaux sans fil distribués ». Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00952069.
Texte intégralLeone, Rémy. « Passerelle intelligente pour réseaux de capteurs sans fil contraints ». Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0038/document.
Texte intégralLow-Power and Lossy Network (LLN)s are constrained networks composed by nodes with little resources (memory, CPU, battery). Those networks are typically used to provide real-time measurement of their environment in various contexts such as home automation or smart cities. LLNs connect to other networks by using a gateway that can host various enhancing features due to its key location between constrained and unconstrained devices. This thesis shows three contributions aiming to improve the reliability and performance of a LLN by using its gateway. The first contribution introduce a non-intrusive estimator of a node radio usage by observing its network traffic passing through the gateway. The second contribution offers to determine the validity time of an information within a cache placed at the gateway to reduce the load on LLNs nodes by doing a trade-off between energy cost and efficiency. Finally, we present Makesense, an open source framework for reproducible experiments that can document, execute and analyze a complete LLN experiment on simulation or real nodes from a unique description
Kalaagi, Mohammed. « Métasurfaces pour la récupération d'énergie électromagnétique et le transfert d'énergie sans fil dans l'environnement ferroviaire ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUI049.
Texte intégralThe interest for electric energy power supply to different components in the railway infrastructure, has become an interesting research topic with the gain of popularity for railway systems. To develop a smart, reliable, safe and autonomous railway system, specially with the rise of different technologies such as Internet of things (IoT) devices and wireless sensor nodes (WSN), electric power supply is needed for such that devices are implemented in a reliable and autonomous manner. Energy harvesting and wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies can be a key element for power supply to such devices, to build a sufficient and convenient system. A high level of EM energy has been shown to exist up to the microwave region and which can have a high potential for EM energy harvesting.The aim of this work is to develop novel concepts based on metasurfaces, to enhance the potential and performance of EM energy harvesting and WPT technologies which can be compatible for the application in the railway environment. The main challenge is to design an efficient and compact device specially at low MHz frequencies where conventional rectenna systems can be insufficient.We first propose a novel concept to enhance the efficiency of EM conventional or off-the-shelf commercialized rectenna systems. It is based on the focusing of the ambient EM waves in an area where it can be harvested by a rectenna system. The design of focusing metasurface based on the hyperboloidal profile of the generalized phase law is proposed: the incident ambient EM energy in the far-field, is concentrated at a point known as the focal point at a given distance from the metasurface design. The metasurface designed is simulated and experimental validations in both near field and far field are proposed. Measurements have been carried in the anechoic chamber to validate the concept using a commercialized rectenna system and the focusing metasurface design at 900 MHz. The results have shown that, when implementing the rectenna system along side the focusing metasurface, the received power is enhanced by a factor of 5. Field tests were then conducted: the system was then implemented in the railway environment in the presence of a GSM-R base station, where the results have shown that, when implementing the metasurface along side the rectenna device, -20 dBm of received power was achieved which can be sufficent to wake up low-input-power devices such as wireless sensors, whereas the rectenna device (commercial energy harvester) alone showed poor results of received power around -40 dBm.An alternative solution for wireless electric power supply in the railway system is WPT. However, one of the main challenges for such technologies in this case can be line of sight with mobilty issues: better tracking and wider detection angle of the fed device is required. In this case, the design of multi-angle retrodirective metasurfaces based on different concepts such as cascading of various metamaterial super-cell designs, and surface impedance modulation are proposed. These designs can be implemented along side the fed device (IoT or WSN), in order to enhance the localization and tracking of the fed device beyond the common line-of-signt limitations reaching extreme oblique incident angles. Other solutions for efficiency enhancement and miniaturization for EM energy harvesting systems based on absorbing metasurfaces are proposed at low microwave frequencies
Leone, Rémy. « Passerelle intelligente pour réseaux de capteurs sans fil contraints ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ENST0038.
Texte intégralLow-Power and Lossy Network (LLN)s are constrained networks composed by nodes with little resources (memory, CPU, battery). Those networks are typically used to provide real-time measurement of their environment in various contexts such as home automation or smart cities. LLNs connect to other networks by using a gateway that can host various enhancing features due to its key location between constrained and unconstrained devices. This thesis shows three contributions aiming to improve the reliability and performance of a LLN by using its gateway. The first contribution introduce a non-intrusive estimator of a node radio usage by observing its network traffic passing through the gateway. The second contribution offers to determine the validity time of an information within a cache placed at the gateway to reduce the load on LLNs nodes by doing a trade-off between energy cost and efficiency. Finally, we present Makesense, an open source framework for reproducible experiments that can document, execute and analyze a complete LLN experiment on simulation or real nodes from a unique description
Abgrall, Cédric. « Allocation de ressources dans les réseaux sans fil denses ». Phd thesis, Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00581776.
Texte intégralThis PhD thesis focuses on interference mitigation techniques for wireless communication networks to limit detrimental effects of in-band interference. First, we consider cooperative communication systems and study the trade-off between cooperation benefits and increased level of interference. Cooperation in wireless networks is like a crowded cocktail party with a cacophony of conversations all around. The more people repeat the same information, the more likely you understand it. However, neighbour repeaters act as interferers which harm your understanding. We propose to coordinate and adapt the activation of cooperation and the resource allocation of neighbour cells to time, frequency and space variations of communication context. Second, we propose to classify interference a destination senses on a given frequency band by differentiating three regimes of interference: noisy, intermediate and very strong. This classifier ensures an adaptive and effective processing of in-band interference adapted to time-varying nature of channel. Then, we combine this classifier with QoS constraints to derive centralized and distributed algorithms for power allocation. Both approaches aim at allocating the minimal transmit power vector while meeting QoS requirements of each user, whatever the communication scenario may be. Our simulations show how an adaptive handling of in-band interference may notably reduce the power budget without affecting transmission reliability
Abgrall, Cédric. « Allocation de ressources dans les réseaux sans fil denses ». Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00581776.
Texte intégralZeleny, Jan. « Compensation numérique des non-linéarités des amplificateurs de puissance avec identification au niveau récepteur ». Thesis, Lille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIL10039/document.
Texte intégralIn this work a novel scheme of predistortion of power amplifier nonlinearities is developed and demonstrated. The originality of the proposed system architecture is that the estimation of nonlinearities is carried out at the receiver thanks to a training sequence, and sent back to the transmitter for predistortion. The proposed architecture achieves efficient compensation of power amplifier nonlinearities on WiMAX and LTE standards without extra hardware. An evaluation of consumption savings is carried out, considering digital consumption of the estimation algorithm at the receiver and predistortion Look Up Table refreshment at the transmitter. The results show that the suggested architecture can be applied for high data rate systems at base stations, relay stations and mobile stations as well
Ibrahim, Rony. « Focalisation des ondes électromagnétiques pour la transmission d'énergie sans fil ». Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEI109.
Texte intégralMost recent developments in Wireless Energy Transmission (WET) using electromagnetic (EM) waves focus on designing systems to recover the electromagnetic energy lost by common wireless systems such as Wi-Fi networks. However, the intermittent and unpredictable nature of these ambient sources makes harvesting energy critical for some applications. Hence, the WET over considerable distances using microwaves appears in this context allowing the remote wake-up and wireless powering of electronic devices in a myriad of applications that are a part of the constantly evolution of the way of life. Wireless powering of an electronic device eliminates the need of the battery, which reduces its size and cost. The work presented in this thesis belong to the WET in indoor environments field. When energy is voluntarily transmitted by microwaves, systems using continuous waves are not necessarily the most efficient. The aim of this research project is to achieve a complete WET system by focusing of EM waves at the receiver in order to increase the overall energy transfer efficiency. The studies presented during this thesis show that the time reversal technique (TR) is optimal for the focusing of EM waves. The procedure is carried out in two stages. In the first stage called \textit{learning stage}, a low energy pulse is transmitted by an emitting antenna. Another antenna placed in other location in the medium receives and records a signal made of a succession of delayed pulses, more or less attenuated, and related to reflections on the environment. In a second stage called \textit{focusing stage}, a high-energy signal constructed from the time reversal of the recorded signal is transmitted by one of the antennas. Using this technique, it results that the temporally inverted signal focuses spatio-temporally on the receiving antenna in the form of a Pulsed Wave (PW). These properties are particularly important for the WET. At the receiver circuit, the \textit{rectenna} (rectifying antenna) is the device for capturing and converting focused PW to DC voltage. In this research project, we introduce a novel rectenna design based on Schottky diodes with a current-doubler topology designed, developed and optimized to ensure optimum conversion performance of PW. Experimental measurements demonstrate good performance predicted by the design procedure. Moreover, the performances obtained are perfectly distinct from those found in the state of the art, making this work an innovation in WET domain
Abdelmalek, Saif Eddine. « Algorithme de transfert intercellulaire vertical pour les réseaux sans fil hétérogènes basé sur le filtrage de Kalman ». Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2011. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/936/1/ABDELMALEK_Saif_Eddine.pdf.
Texte intégralMaaz, Bilal. « Allocation des ressources radio dans les réseaux sans fil de la 5 G ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLV010/document.
Texte intégralMobile communication is considered as one of the building blocks of smart cities, where citizens should be able to benefit from telecommunications services, wherever they are, whenever they want, and in a secure and non-costly way. This can be done by dense deployment of the latest generation of mobile broadband networks. However, this dense deployment will lead to higher energy consumption, and thus more gas emission and pollution. Therefore, it is crucial from environmental point of view to propose solution reducing energy consumption. In this thesis, we introduce dynamic resource management methods that increase throughput and energy efficiency, and thus reduce pollution. In this framework, we are targeting green multi-cell networks where increased energy efficiency must take into account the increased demand of data by mobile users. This increase, which is exponential in terms of throughput, pushed operators to use the entire frequency spectrum in all cells of the latest generation of mobile networks. As a result, Inter-Cellular Interference (ICI) became preponderant and degraded the performance of users, particularly those with poor radio conditions. In this thesis, we focus on the techniques of power control on the downlink direction, which is considered as one of the key methods of Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (ICIC) while focusing on energy efficient methods. We propose centralized and decentralized methods for this problem of power allocation: centralized methods through convex optimization, and decentralized methods based on non-cooperative game theory. Furthermore, we propose a power control heuristic which has the advantage of being stable and based on signaling messages already existing in the system. The power control problem has a relevant impact on the allocation of radio resources and on the association of mobile users with their servicing Base Station. Therefore, in the second part of the thesis, we formulated a global problem encompassing power control, radio resources allocation, and control of users’ association to a base station. These three sub-problems are treated iteratively until the convergence to the overall solution. In particular, we propose three algorithms for the user association problem: a centralized algorithm, a semi-distributed algorithm and finally a fully distributed algorithm based on reinforcement learning. In addition, for power allocation we implement centralized solutions and distributed solutions. The proof of convergence for the various algorithms is established and the in-depth simulations allow us to evaluate and compare quantitatively the performance, the energy efficiency, and the convergence time of the proposed algorithms
Wan, Haitao. « Efficacité énergétique, synchronisation et contrôle de puissance pour l'implémentation des communications coopératives dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil ». Nantes, 2010. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=cafed1b3-99cf-40b5-916d-617fa4edbee1.
Texte intégralIn this dissertation, we explore the energy efficiency and low complex implementation of cooperative schemes in wireless sensor networks. Considering the requirement on signal arrival time synchronization, we proposed a physical layer synchronization scheme for the distributed MISO cooperative communication in wireless sensor networks. The proposed scheme is adequate for the cooperative communication but introduces less complexity to the network design. It provides better BER performance in the existence of initial synchronization error. According to the simulation results, it is supposed to be practically implemented in the sensor nodes. Upon this assumption, optimal power allocation strategies for AF cooperative relaying scheme and distributed MISO cooperative scheme are proposed for cooperative communication in wireless sensor networks. With a given requirement on BER performance, they help to minimize the total transmit power in Rayleigh fading channel. Moreover, without direct link between the source and destination nodes, we proposed two energy efficient cooperative strategies to incorporate the AF cooperative relaying and distributed MISO cooperative schemes. A heuristic policy to select the cooperative nodes and choose the appropriate cooperative strategy is derived. Furthermore, we analyzed the energy efficiency of three error control protocols considering SISO AWGN for short distance communication and MISO Rayleigh fading for long distance communication. We proposed thresholds of the coding gain for various code rates to make the hybrid ARQ protocol more energy efficient
To, Ba Lam. « Contrôle de puissance et routage dans les réseaux ad-hoc à radio cognitive ». Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066294.
Texte intégralA large number of wireless services have been introduced over the last decade to satisfy new demands of mobile users. However, the proliferation of wireless computing and communication devices make the radio spectrum overcrowded. It is revealed in the Federal Communication Commission report that many spectrum bands are used only in bounded geographical areas or over limited periods of time, and that the spectrum utilization varies from 15% to 85%. As a consequence, the Cognitive Radio Networks (CRNs) have been introduced as a new alternative wireless communication paradigm to utilize the radio spectrum more efficiently. In this dissertation, we investigate the power control and routing perspectives to enhance the network performance and power utilization in CRN. First, aiming to enhance the network performance by deploying a proper network topology for a particular communication purpose, we propose a topology deployment oriented power control scheme for cognitive radio ad-hoc network. Second, to tackle the problem of the frequent arrival and leaving of primary users which can lead to the heavy traffic overhead caused by re-routing, we propose a new approach for joint flow maintenance and power control, called flow-based power control, for cognitive radio ad-hoc network. The power control scheme targets on to utilize the power resource more efficiently by only allocating power resource to the maintained flows. Finally, we propose an application-oriented routing protocol (AORP) in cognitive radio ad-hoc network. AORP builds the route for data transmission in combination with channel selection based on the application of the node initializing the data transmission
Toham, Carine. « Routage et contrôle de puissance dans les réseaux ad hoc multi-interfaces et multi-canaux ». Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0108.
Texte intégralWe consider the problem of throughput improvement in multi-hop ad hoc networks. The shared radio medium implies to handle the interferences between the nodes in the network. The limited node radio range also mandates some constraints such as the distance between the transmitter and the receiver. These two main facts limit the network performance, notably the throughput. We propose a solutio~ that takes advantage of nodes equipped with multiple network cards (interfaces) and that use multiple frequency bands (channels) for transmitting data. We improve the network throughput by combining an efficient transmission link channel assignment with a suitable routing metric that privileges the alternation of good quality channels along the routes. A power control mechanism complements that scheme by favouring each channel reuse
Fawaz, Yaser. « Composition et exécution contextualisées de services pour des environnements pervasifs : une approche dirigée par les données : "application à l'adaptation et au transfert de contenus" ». Lyon, INSA, 2010. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2010ISAL0037/these.pdf.
Texte intégralDes environnements informatiques pervasifs sans infrastructure tels que les réseaux mobiles spontanés (MANETs) soulève de nouveaux défis quant à l’exécution d’applications dirigées par les données. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons un nouveau middleware appelé ConAMi (Context-Aware service composition and execution Middleware) qui permet aux dispositifs dans un MANET de collaborer les uns avec les autres afin d'exécuter des applications dirigées par les données d’une manière efficace et fiable. Le défi principal abordé dans cette thèse est la détermination de la composition optimale de services car plusieurs compositions de services peuvent offrir la même fonctionnalité pour exécuter un flux de tâches. Ce défi est abordé via le développement d’un algorithme qui organise les services dans ce que nous appelons un arbre de composition de services. Le principal critère considéré pour déterminer la composition optimale de services est le temps d'exécution global qui comprend le temps de transfert de données et le temps d'exécution des services. L’exécution du flux de tâches peut échouer facilement en raison de la mobilité des dispositifs impliqués dans les MANETs. Pour assurer une exécution fiable du flux de tâches, le "Time-To-Leave" (TTL) du service est considéré lors de la détermination de la composition optimale de services. Néanmoins, le TTL ne peut pas donner une garantie d’absence d’erreurs car il est fondé sur une estimation. En outre, l’exécution du flux de tâches peut aussi échouer en raison d'autres types d’erreurs. En conséquence, le middleware ConAMi inclut des mécanismes originaux de détection et de récupération d’erreurs. Nous avons développé un prototype pour mettre en œuvre le middleware ConAMi et évaluer ses performances. Les résultats des expériences montrent que le middleware ConAMi a de meilleures performances que les approches similaires. ConAMi garantit l'efficacité, la fiabilité et l'équilibrage de la charge des dispositifs
Vandelle, Erika. « Exploration de solutions antennaires et de formation passive de faisceaux pour la récupération et le transfert d’énergie sans fil ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT060.
Texte intégralWireless energy harvesting (WEH) of ambient or intentional electromagnetic power sources of frequency ranging from 100 MHz to 10 GHz, has appeared as a promising solution to develop self-powered electronics in the past decades. However, the low power densities available, usually lower than 1 uW.cm-2, result in a limited RF-to-DC conversion efficiency and sensitivity of the energy harvesting system (rectenna) and the ambient signal diversities (unknown and time-varying direction of arrival, polarization) prohibit the use of directive antennas.In this thesis, the power combination techniques of Radio Frequency (RF) or Direct Current (DC) power in multi-antenna WEH systems, together with original structures, are investigated to address those challenges. Besides, a new Figure-of-Merit (harvesting capability) for rectennas operating in ambient scenarios is derived with probabilistic terms representing the frequency, polarization and spatial diversities of ambient signals.The first part of this thesis focuses on the design of efficient antenna and rectenna elements. Eco-responsible and low-cost prototypes are proposed by using a paper substrate along with an original strategy for the reduction of the losses.In the second part of this work, the rectification efficiency of a WEH system is enhanced through the combination of the RF power prior to the rectification process, without reduction of the spatial coverage. For this, a 3D multidirectional structure of scanning antenna arrays using passive beam-forming networks is designed to obtain a multidirectional high gain aggregate pattern. This radar-inspired solution involving Butler matrices results in a highly efficient RF-to-DC power conversion along with an optimal angular coverage, which leads to a harvesting capability higher than the state-of-the-art.The last part of this work addresses the limited sensitivity of the RF combination technique compared to that obtained with the series DC combination technique thanks to a reconfigurable system. To this end, modular rectenna unit cells are designed to form a scalable and adaptative interferometric beam-forming network, which offers the possibility to achieve a highly efficient and sensitive WEH system. This solution is suitable for low-power energy harvesting, autonomous passive tracking or RFID applications
Goenaga, Ekaitz. « Conception d’alimentations de puissance d’actionneurs piézo-électriques, avec et sans contact électrique, pour la génération des vibrations mécaniques ». Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT103/document.
Texte intégralPlaced on the rotating part of a drilling system. These actuators have a capacitive behavior and are usually supplied by linear systems. In this case, the design and the sizing of different switching amplifiers that provide, in a fixed frame, a sinusoidal power signal with modular frequency in the best possible conditions (efficiency and THD) have been made. Then, a contactless power system for piezoelectric actuators placed in a rotating frame was analyzed. This was possible thanks to the use of induction systems through a rotating transformer with an air gap. Three types of contactless systems were studied. The first one works at modular low frequencies [50-500 Hz] and the other two use resonant strategies in order to reduce transformer’s size. For this, both magnetic and electrical modeling was performed in the three cases.A full-bridge inverter prototype that can deliver up to 680 VAR and a low frequency contactless energy transfer system of 1.75 kVAR that supplies the piezoelectric actuator at rotating frame have been made. Experimental results showed satisfactory results and proved the system feasibility
Goenaga, Ekaitz. « Conception d'alimentations de puissance d'actionneurs piézo-électriques, avec et sans contact électrique, pour la génération des vibrations mécaniques ». Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00875503.
Texte intégralSantamaria, Luca. « Systèmes d'antennes reconfigurables intégrés dédiés aux réseaux IoT sans fil dynamiques ». Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ4103.
Texte intégralBecause of the unique characteristics of the Internet of things (IoT), such as massive volume of data, stringent resource constraints, and heterogeneous activity levels, future wireless IoT infrastructures must integrate smart self-organizing solutions to efficiently operate in the dynamic IoT environment.Within this context, this thesis presents the development of innovative integrated reconfigurable antenna systems capable of adapting to such dynamic and multi-purposed wireless IoT networks.As a first step, the thesis covers the design of antennas suitable for integration in IoT terminals when specific radiation properties or multi-band operations are needed. Both antenna structures and integration techniques are presented for single and multi-band IoT applications. Next, a design methodology based on a multi-access single structure antenna and a miniaturized omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna for IoT applications are presented. Successively, an approach based on Neural Networks (NN) to estimate the performance of small antennas given practical constraints is presented. As proof of concept, the case of printed antennas integrated into compact terminals is considered.In the second part, the thesis focuses on the development of compact and low-power-consuming reconfigurable antennas. In order to enable new applications, such as wearable communications, and to deliver higher performance in a variety of integration environments, a flexible, reconfigurable antenna is presented. To guarantee reliable operation, flexible antennas must maintain proper electrical or radiation characteristics despite the variation of their structure given by the flexibility. Consequently, the reconfiguration mechanism of the proposed antenna allows the shift of the antenna resonance, making the antenna capable of maintaining an acceptable impedance matching over the operating band even when the antenna is folded.A compact high gain and front-to-back ratio pattern reconfigurable antenna for spatial filtering in IoT networks is then proposed. The reconfiguration mechanism is based on the use of a low-insertion, low-on resistance SP4T switch, which can be numerically controlled by a microcontroller, as required by IoT applications. Successively, a slot-based electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna suitable for IoT applications is presented. The work describes in-depth the design procedure of the antenna, addressing the practical implementation of the reconfiguration mechanism, and focusing on the realization of the prototype and its experimental evaluation.Finally, a methodology for synthesizing parasitic antenna arrays is proposed. The method is based on the use of a Particle Swarm Optimizer (PSO), which iteratively optimizes the parasitic element loads until the desired pattern behavior is obtained. In order to assess the method's ability to address the desired goals, the methodology is used to optimize the directivity, the front-to-back ratio, and the gain of compact parasitic array antennas for IoT devices. The impedance loads values identified with this approach are integrated into the antenna structures to realize the parasitic antenna array. Reconfiguration can then simply be obtained by rotating the load's values over the parasitic elements
Alam, Muhammad Mahtab. « Techniques adaptatives pour la gestion de l'énergie dans les réseaux capteurs sans fil ». Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931860.
Texte intégralClaudel, Servane. « Processus d'innovation pour la sécurité des données dans les réseaux sans fil : stratégie d'innovation et valorisation : application à un projet dans l'UWB ». Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA2037.
Texte intégralIn this report, we will discuss the need to develop a multidimensional strategy that will allow you to move to a planned, staged approach that will increase your chances of success. We will explain about novel, creative approach to manage an early stage project with another look, less technical. This approach is based on our own risk framework for valuing innovative project that will help scientists who want to create a spin off or a start up from their public or private research. The major hurdle facing the entrepreneurs in the 'real' technology innovation arena today, is how to access funds to finance the Early-Stage R&D. Based on our studies of an early stage project in new wireless technology Ultra Wide Band, we explain the impact of standards, of innovation diffusion process, of intangible assets valuation, of R&D issues on the decision making process. Early stage project in new technologies requires seed funds that will help the founders to convert their ideas to a stage that can attract VC funds and then finance the different stages of development before research is stabilized and can be put to production. Our aim is to show the importance of such factors, epecially in early stage innovative project
Purbawati, Anike. « Modulation de la fréquence d'un oscillateur spintronique (STNO) pour des applications de communication sans fil ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY023/document.
Texte intégralSpin Transfer Nano-Oscillators (STNOs) are a novel type of Radio Frequency (RF) oscillators that make use of the Spin Transfer Torque (STT) effect in a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) device to produce high-frequency auto-oscillations. STNOs are attractive for applications in wireless communications due to their nanometric size and their frequency tuning capabilities via either a dc current or an applied field. This frequency tuning permits to encode the information via frequency shift keying (FSK) by digital modulation of the current or applied field between two discrete values without the need of an external RF mixer, leading to potentially less complex RF components. In this thesis, the feasibility of the digital frequency modulation (frequency shift keying (FSK)) using in-plane magnetized MTJ STNOs has been studied. For this, the maximum modulation rate, up to which a signal can be modulated or the frequency can be shifted between two discrete values, is an important aspect that need to be characterized.The characterization of the maximum modulation rate for in-plane magnetized MTJ STNOs has been studied via numerical macrospin simulation for different modulation configurations, i.e. modulation by a sinusoidal RF current and a sinusoidal RF field. It revealed that the maximum modulation rate under RF current modulation is given by the amplitude relaxation frequency fp of the STNO. Under RF field modulation, i.e. an RF field applied parallel to the easy axis, an enhanced modulation rate above fp can be achieved since the frequency is modulated directly via the field and not via the amplitude. This suggests an important strategy for the design of STNO-based wireless communications and to achieve high data rates. Besides numerical simulation, experimental studies of frequency shift keying (FSK) by current modulation in STNOs have been also demonstrated. The first demonstration is the FSK in standalone STNOs. The analysis confirmed that the FSK was successfully observed with a frequency shift around 200MHz (the frequency shift between ≈8.9 GHz and ≈9.1 GHz) at the modulation rate of 10Mbps. This modulation rate is however less than the upper limit, which is given by the relaxation frequency fp of the STNO as predicted in the numerical simulation, because of the relatively high phase noise of the device measured. In order to test the feasibility of the STNO within microwave systems, the FSK modulation of STNOs was performed on a printed circuit board (PCB) emitter. FSK with a frequency shift around 300MHz (the frequency shift between ≈9 GHz and ≈9.3 GHz) was observed with a modulation rate of 20 Mbps. The data rate here was limited by characteristics of the PCB emitter and not intrinsic to the STNO. The simulation and experiment studies of frequency modulation of STNOs demonstrate that the data rate of is adequate for wireless communication used in WSN. However, further improvements in materials and nanofabrication of STNOs are required to enhance the output power and improve the spectral characteristics of the oscillations to push the data rates to higher values with large frequency shift
Kerrich, Driss. « Contribution à l'étude du paramétrage du procédé de soudage TIG (sans métal et avec apport de fil chaud) : application aux cas des éprouvettes tubullaires ». Lille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL10245.
Texte intégralKoussa, Badreddin. « Optimisation des performances d'un système de transmission multimédia sans fil basé sur la réduction du PAPR dans des configurations réalistes ». Thesis, Poitiers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014POIT2260/document.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, we are interested on the performances optimization of multimedia transmissions systems with an original contribution combining RF circuits' imperfections presented by the power amplifier (PA) nonlinearities and the transmission channel distortions. The studied system uses the OFDM technique which is the most widespread multicarrier modulation in recent radio communications systems. However, its major drawback is the high PAPR value, which degrades the transmission quality due to the PA nonlinearities. To reduce the PAPR, we first propose to improve the TR method in terms of convergence speed and PAPR reduction, by studying several optimization algorithms. We show that the conjugate gradient algorithm provides the best performance while respecting the frequency specifica-tions of the IEEE 802.11a standard. Thereafter, TR method has been evaluated experimentally in the presence of a commercial PA (SZP-2026Z) and using a measurement bench. It is shown that the TR method improves the quality of service (QoS), with 18% reduction in PA power consumption. The experimental study has resulted to choosing a realistic PA model consider-ing memory effects. This PA model has been integrated into a SISO simulation chain includ-ing also a realistic channel model. This chain is used to evaluate the TR method performances under realistic transmission conditions. Finally, we propose to apply the TR method in a closed-loop MIMO-OFDM chain dedicated to the transmission of scalable multimedia con-tent in a realistic context with the IEEE 802.1n standard. This study presents a new contribu-tion of the TR method evaluation to improve the visual quality of the JPWL transmitted imag-es, considering in the same time the multimedia content, the PA nonlinearity and the channel transmission distortions
El-Asmar, Mohamad. « Améioration de la linéarité et du rendement énergitique des amplificateurs de puissance de topologie à deux branches pour les communications sans fil ; cas d'un amplificateur LINC ». Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2009. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/41/1/EL%2DASMAR_Mohamad.pdf.
Texte intégralOkouyi, Antsina W'Ampoumou Rodrigue. « Faisabilité d'un système basé sur le DS-CDMA pour les futurs réseaux locaux sans fil à 60 GHz ». Lille 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL12024.
Texte intégralOkba, Abderrahim. « Conception et réalisation de rectennas utilisées pour la récupération d'énergie électromagnétique pour l'alimentation de réseaux de capteurs sans fils ». Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30286/document.
Texte intégralThe electronic domain has known a significant expansion the last decades, all the advancements made has led to the development of miniature and efficient electronic devices used in many applications such as cyber physical systems. These systems use low-power wireless sensors for: detection, monitoring and so on. The use of wireless sensors has many advantages: * The flexibility of their location, they allow the access to hazardous areas. * The realization of lighter system, less expensive and less cumbersome. * The elimination of all the problems associated to the cables (erosion, impermeability...) * The deployment of sensor arrays. Therefore, these wireless sensors need to be supplied somehow with energy to be able to function properly. The classic ways of supplying energy such as batteries have some drawbacks, they are limited in energy and must be replaced periodically, and this is not conceivable for applications where the wireless sensor is placed in hazardous places or in places where the access is impossible. So, it is necessary to find another way to permanently provide energy to these wireless sensors. The integration and miniaturization of the electronic devices has led to low power consumption systems, which opens a way to another techniques in terms of providing energy. Amongst the possibilities, we can find the Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) and Energy Harvesting (EH). In fact, the electromagnetic energy is nowadays highly available in our planet thanks to all the applications that use wireless systems. We can take advantage of this massive available quantity of energy and use it to power-up the low power wireless sensors. This thesis is incorporated within the framework of WPT and EH. Its objective is the conception and realization of electromagnetic energy harvesters called "Rectenna" in order to supply energy to low power wireless sensors. The term "rectenna" is the combination of two words: Antenna and Rectifier. The Antenna is the module that captures the electromagnetic ambient energy and converts it to a RF signal, the rectifier is the RF circuit that converts this RF signal into a continuous (DC) signal that is used to supply the wireless sensors. In this manuscript, several rectennas will be presented, for different frequencies going from the GSM frequencies (868 MHz, 915 MHz) to the Ku/Ka bands
Garon, Mickaël. « Modélisation comportementale d'éléments mixtes d'une chaîne de traitement radio-fréquence dans un contexte radio-logicielle ». Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2138.
Texte intégralThe future portable devices are based on software-radio architectures which use mainly digital signal processing. In these architectures the analog circuits interact with the digital components. In this work, we propose an approach allowing the joint modelling of radio frequency functions with digital blocks. These models are written in VHDL AMS. The consumption aspect is fundamental for this type of applications. We propose also models for consumption estimation. Using this approach, we show that it is possible to simulate and estimate the electrical consumption of a complex circuit. This is demonstrated using a linearized radio-frequency power amplifier
Rakotomalala, Imbolatiana. « Lecture de Tags miniatures pour les environnements électromagnétiques sévères ». Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT048.
Texte intégralThe design and production of RFID tags, particularly UHF, optimized for a given application has been and remains a driving force behind many R&D projects, both at the academic and industrial levels. Over the last decade, these developments have focused on two complementary visions, but quite different in terms of final objective. One favored the optimization of the tag antenna while the other focused on the performance of the RFID chip. In this thesis, we explore a new way to read very small tags for metallic objects, placed in a closed and entirely passive metallic environment. The work presented in this thesis is thus divided into two axes. The first one is dedicated to the study and development of solutions for the contactless transfer of RFID signals in order to feed RFID tags in a confined metallic environment. The second one is dedicated to the development of passive solutions to efficiently read miniature RFID tags placed on small metal objects. In both aspects of our work, practical considerations such as cost, integration and performance have been addressed in order to achieve a final solution that can be produced on a large scale for the industry
Huang, Yuanyuan. « Etude de l'exposition d'une population à un réseau de communication sans fil via les outils de dosimétrie et de statistique ». Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0009/document.
Texte intégralWireless communication technologies, since their introduction, have evolved very quickly and people have been brought in 30 years into a much closer world. In parallel radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields (EMF) are more and more used. As a consequence, people's attentions around health risks of exposure to RF EMFs have grown just as much as their usages of wireless communication technologies. Exposure to RF EMFs can be characterized using different exposure metrics (e.g., incident field metrics, absorption metrics...). However, the existing methodologies are well suited to the maximum exposure assessment for the individual under the worst-case condition. Moreover in most cases, when dealing with exposure issues, exposures linked to RF EMF emitted from base stations (BTS) and by wireless devices (e.g, mobile phones and tablets) are generally treated separately. This thesis has been dedicated to construct and validate a new method for assessing the real day-to-day RF EMF exposure to a wireless network as a whole, exploring the people's daily life, including both downlink and uplink exposures and taking into account different technologies, usages, environments, etc. Towards these objectives, we analyzed for the first time the average population exposure linked to third generation network (3G) induced EMFs, from both uplink and downlink radio emissions in different countries, geographical areas, and for different wireless device usages. Results, derived from device usage statistics, show a strong heterogeneity of exposure, both in time and space. We show that, contrary to popular belief, exposure to 3G EMFs is dominated by uplink radio emissions, resulting from voice and data traffic, and average population EMF exposure differs from one geographical area to another, as well as from one country to another, due to the different cellular network architectures and variability of mobile usage. Thus the variability and uncertainties linked to these influencing factors were characterized. And a variance-based sensitivity analysis of the global exposure was performed for the purpose of simplifying its evaluation. Finally, a substitution model was built to evaluate the day-to-day global LTE induced EMFs exposure of a population taking into account the variability linked to propagation environment, usage, as well as EMFs from personal wireless devices and BTS. Results have highlighted the importance of received power density from BTS to the issue of global exposure induced by a macro LTE network. This substitution model can be further used to analyze the evolution of the wireless network in terms of EMF exposure
Manyam, Venkata Narasimha. « Mixed-signal predistortion for small-cell 5G wireless nodes ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLT015.
Texte intégralSmall-cell base stations (picocells and femtocells) handling high bandwidths (> 100 MHz) will play a vital role in realizing the 1000X network capacity objective of the future 5G wireless networks. Power Amplifier (PA) consumes the majority of the base station power, whose linearity comes at the cost of efficiency. With the increase in bandwidths, PA also suffers from increased memory effects. Digital predistortion (DPD) and analog RF predistortion (ARFPD) tries to solve the linearity/efficiency trade-off. In the context of 5G small-cell base stations, the use of conventional predistorters becomes prohibitively power-hungry.Memory polynomial (MP) model is one of the most attractive predistortion models, providing significant performance with very few coefficients. We propose a novel FIR memory polynomial (FIR-MP) model which significantly augments the performance of the conventional memory polynomial predistorter. Simulations with models extracted on ADL5606 which is a 1 W GaAs HBT PA show improvements in adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) of 7.2 dB and 15.6 dB, respectively, for 20 MHz and 80 MHz signals, in comparison with MP predistorter. Digital implementation of the proposed FIR-MP model has been carried out in 28 nm FDSOI CMOS technology. With a fraction of the power and die area of that of the MP a huge improvement in ACLR is attained.An overall estimated power consumption of 9.18 mW and 116.2 mW, respectively, for 20 MHz and 80 MHz signals is obtained.Based on the proposed FIR-MP model a novel low-power mixed-signal approach to linearize RF power amplifiers (PAs) is presented. The digital FIR filter improves the memory correction performance without any bandwidth expansion and the MP predistorter in analog baseband provides superior linearization. MSPD avoids 5X bandwidth requirement for the DAC and reconstruction filters of the transmitter and the power-hungry RF components when compared to DPD and ARFPD, respectively.The impact of various non-idealities is simulated with ADL5606 (1 W GaAs HBT PA) MP PA model using 80 MHz modulated signal to derive the requirements for the integrated circuit implementation. A resolution of 8 bits for the coefficients and a signal path SNR of 60 dB is required to achieve ACLR1 above 45 dBc, with as little as 9 coefficients in the analog domain. Discussion on the potential circuit architectures of subsystems is provided. It results that an analog implementation is feasible. It will be worth in the future to continue the design of this architecture up to a silicon prototype to evaluate its performance and power consumption
De, Mari Matthieu. « Allocations de ressources dans les réseaux sans fils énergétiquement efficaces ». Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SUPL0014/document.
Texte intégralIn this thesis, we investigate two techniques used for enhancing the energy orspectral efficiency of the network. In the first part of the thesis, we propose tocombine the network future context prediction capabilities with the well-knownlatency vs. energy efficiency tradeoff. In that sense, we consider a proactivedelay-tolerant scheduling problem. In this problem, the objective consists ofdefining the optimal power strategies of a set of competing users, which minimizesthe individual power consumption, while ensuring a complete requestedtransmission before a given deadline. We first investigate the single user versionof the problem, which serves as a preliminary to the concepts of delay tolerance,proactive scheduling, power control and optimization, used through the first halfof this thesis. We then investigate the extension of the problem to a multiusercontext. The conducted analysis of the multiuser optimization problem leads toa non-cooperative dynamic game, which has an inherent mathematical complexity.In order to address this complexity issue, we propose to exploit the recenttheoretical results from the Mean Field Game theory, in order to transitionto a more tractable game with lower complexity. The numerical simulationsprovided demonstrate that the power strategies returned by the Mean FieldGame closely approach the optimal power strategies when it can be computed(e.g. in constant channels scenarios), and outperform the reference heuristicsin more complex scenarios where the optimal power strategies can not be easilycomputed.In the second half of the thesis, we investigate a dual problem to the previousoptimization problem, namely, we seek to optimize the total spectral efficiencyof the system, in a constant short-term power configuration. To do so, we proposeto exploit the recent advances in interference classification. the conductedanalysis reveals that the system benefits from adapting the interference processingtechniques and spectral efficiencies used by each pair of Access Point (AP) and User Equipment (UE). The performance gains offered by interferenceclassification can also be enhanced by considering two improvements. First, wepropose to define the optimal groups of interferers: the interferers in a samegroup transmit over the same spectral resources and thus interfere, but can processinterference according to interference classification. Second, we define theconcept of ’Virtual Handover’: when interference classification is considered,the optimal Access Point for a user is not necessarily the one providing themaximal SNR. For this reason, defining the AP-UE assignments makes sensewhen interference classification is considered. The optimization process is thenthreefold: we must define the optimal i) interference processing technique andspectral efficiencies used by each AP-UE pair in the system; ii) the matching ofinterferers transmitting over the same spectral resources; and iii) define the optimalAP-UE assignments. Matching and interference classification algorithmsare extensively detailed in this thesis and numerical simulations are also provided,demonstrating the performance gain offered by the threefold optimizationprocedure compared to reference scenarios where interference is either avoidedwith orthogonalization or treated as noise exclusively
Mohamed, Abdelhamed. « Optimization Techniques for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces Assisted Wireless Networks ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPAST137.
Texte intégralRecently, the emergence of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has attracted heated attention from both industry and academia. An RIS is a planar surface that consists of a large number of low-cost passive reflecting elements. By carefully adjusting the phase shifts of the reflecting elements, an RIS can reshape the wireless environment for better communication. In general, this thesis provides contributions on: (i) the performance of RISs based on accurate and realistic electromagnetic reradiation models. Moreover, it provides some of optimization frameworks for enhancing the communication system performance on the following two use case: (i) To jointly improves the information rate and the amount of harvested power in a RIS-aided MISO downlink multiuser wireless network. (ii) enhancing spectral efficiency for large number of users located on cell edge or on the other side of the RIS by utilizing the intelligent omni-surfaces (IOSs).Chapter 1 introduces the challenges of fulfilling the requirements of of 6G networks, the concept of smart radio environments and RIS as it is one of the enabling technologies. In future communications, RIS is a key technique that will have potential applications which will achieve seamless connectivity and less energy consumption at the same time. Chapter 2 also introduces the state-of-art optimization techniques developed for RIS-aided systems. Firstly, it introduces the system models of RIS-aided MIMO systems and then investigates the reflection principle of RISs. In addition, it introduces the Optimization techniques challenges of RIS-assisted systems. Also, the proposed optimization techniques for designing the continuous and discrete phase shifts are presented in detail. Chapter 3 studies the impact of realistic reradiation models for RISs as a function of the sub-wavelength inter-distance between nearby elements of the RIS, the quantization levels of the reflection coefficients, the interplay between the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficients, and the presence of electromagnetic interference. In conclusion, our study shows that, due to design constraints, such as the need to use quantized reflection coefficients or the inherent interplay between the phase and the amplitude of the reflection coefficients, a RIS may reradiate power towards unwanted directions that depend on the intended and interfering electromagnetic waves. Chapter 4 considers the problem of simultaneously optimizing the information rate and the harvested power in a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided MISO downlink multiuser wireless network with simultaneous wireless information, and power transfer (SWIPT) is addressed. A practical algorithm is developed through an interplay of alternating optimization, sequential optimization, and pricing-based methods. Chapter 5 proposes an optimization algorithm that has a rapid convergence rate in a few iterations for maximizing the sum rate in IOS-aided MIMO broadcast channels, which can be exploited to serve the cell-edge user and enhance network coverage. This work's distinguishable feature lies in considering that the reflection and transmission coefficients of an IOS are tightly coupled. Finally, Chapter 6 summarizes the main findings of the thesis and discusses possible future directions that are worth investigating to unlock the full potential of RIS and bring it into practice