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Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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1

Nurhawaisyah, S. R., N. Jafar, S. Bakri, A. Artiningsih et S. Widodo. « A petrographic study of bauxite of Kenco area, Landak District, West Kalimantan Province ». IOP Conference Series : Earth and Environmental Science 921, no 1 (1 novembre 2021) : 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/921/1/012048.

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Abstract Lateritic bauxite are the products of intense weathering of rocks. It is largely controlled by bedrock type, time, climate (rainfall), and geomorphology. It is located in Kenco area, Landak district, West Kalimantan Province which the rest of the development of Cretaceous volcanism consisting of the island of Borneo Volcanic Formations Mensibau with unit members Granodiorite, quartz diorite and diorite, and the Formation of the Kingdom Volcanic Andesite-trachite units and Formations of alluvium and swamp sediment quarter. Bauxite deposits of Kenco area in Landak are investigated to determine the characteristics of rocks using petrographic analysis. Petrographic analysis aims to determine mineral content and type of source rock based on Travis classification (1955). The results of 15 thin sections showed that aluminum-bearing minerals consisted of orthoclase, plagioclase, and biotite which are the type of source rock are granodiorite, granodiorite porphyry, gabbro porphyry, and basalt porphyry based on Travis classification (1955).
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Grinev, O. M., R. R. Adylbaev, A. S. Semiryakov, E. N. Morozova et R. O. Grinev. « MINERALOGICAL AND PETROGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE BIMODAL TRACHIPYCROBASALT-TRACHITE VOLCANITE SERIES OF THE SARALINSKY GRABEN-RIFT (KUZNETSKY ALATAU) ». Успехи современного естествознания (Advances in Current Natural Sciences), no 6 2022 (2022) : 66–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/use.37843.

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Wei, Zhang, et Nian Qiao Fang. « Chronology Research on Eocene Trachyte in Zoumaying, Sanshui Basin ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (janvier 2013) : 1571–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.1571.

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Trachyte in Zoumaying was erupted in Eocene by 40Ar-39Ar age-dating in previous studies. Multielement Geochemistry analysis and U-Pd radiochronology were introduced on zircons from trachyte in Zoumaying in this paper. The SiO2 and K2O+Na2O contents of trachytes vary between 58.59% to 68.99%, and 10% to 11%. About twenty zircons were selected from trachyte sample with fractures and zonal structure, and most of them were inheritable magmatic zircons. The result of radiochronology on zircon is 60Ma which is similar with the former result as 53.2±0.2Ma.
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Careddu, Nicola, et Silvana Maria Grillo. « “Trachytes” from Sardinia : Geoheritage and Current Use ». Sustainability 11, no 13 (6 juillet 2019) : 3706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11133706.

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Sardinia was affected by an intense igneous activity which generated calc-alkaline products during the Oligo-Miocene period. The volcanic substance shows large variations, ranging from pyroclastic flow deposits, lava flows and domes. By composition, the deposits are all primarily dacites and rhyolites, with subordinate andesites and very scarce basalts. The rhyolite lavas show porphyritic and ash-flow tuffs. Ignimbrite structures are found in the dacitic domes and rhyolitic lavas. These rocks—commercially known as “Trachytes of Sardinia”—used to be quarried in all historical provinces, mainly in the central part of the island to be used as ornamental and building stone. They continue to be commonly used nowadays, but their use dates back to the prehistoric age. They are easily found in many nuraghi, “domus de janas”, holy wells, Roman works (mosaics, paving, roads, bridges), many churches built in Sardinia and practically in all kinds of structural elements in public and private buildings, such as walls, houses, and bridges. Contrary to the granitoid rocks, whose appearance is largely influenced by the mineralogical composition, the aesthetic feature of volcanic rocks is rather affected by the widest range of colors, structure and texture, i.e., shape, size and distribution of mineral components, porphyric index, etc. “Trachyte” is quarried opencast with the “single low step” method, with descending development, with prevalent use of double-disc sawing machines. Whenever the stone deposit allows higher steps, the chain cutting machine, in combination with diamond wire, becomes the preferred extraction solution. This study aims to at look Sardinian “trachytes” from a geoheritage perspective. After a geological-petrographic framework, the paper discusses the historical uses of “trachyte” in Sardinia. The current state of the art of “trachyte” quarrying, processing and usage in the Island is also described. An analysis of the “trachyte” production has been carried out. Finally, a consideration about how to enhance geotourism in the area is suggested.
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Brenna, Marco, Alessio Pontesilli, Silvio Mollo, Matteo Masotta, Shane J. Cronin, Ian E. M. Smith, Mohammed Rashad Hassan Moufti et Piergiorgio Scarlato. « Intra-eruptive trachyte-phonolite transition : Natural evidence and experimental constraints on the role of crystal mushes ». American Mineralogist 104, no 12 (1 décembre 2019) : 1750–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2019-6963.

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Abstract The generation of silica undersaturated phonolite from silica saturated trachytes is uncommon, as it implies the crossing of the thermal barrier and critical plane of silica undersaturation. Nevertheless, a co-genetic suite displaying compositional transition from benmoreite-trachyte to phonolite has been observed within the Al Shaatha pyroclastic sequence in the Harrat Rahat Volcanic Field (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia). We performed crystallization experiments on benmoreite and trachyte starting compositions to simulate the pressure-temperature-volatile conditions that generated the observed liquid line of descent. The experimental conditions were 200–500 MPa, 850–1150 °C, 0–10 wt% H2O, 0.0–0.5 wt% CO2, and NNO+2 oxygen buffer. The experimental mineral assemblage consists of clinopyroxene, feldspar, and titanomagnetite, as well as glass in variable proportions. The degree of crystallinity of hydrous runs is lower than that of anhydrous ones at analogous pressure and temperature conditions. Clinopyroxene crystallizes with compositions diopside-augite and augite-hedenbergite, respectively, at 500 and 200 MPa. The saturation of feldspar is primarily controlled by temperature and volatile content, with the more potassic composition equilibrating at low temperature (850–900 °C) and anhydrous (for benmoreite) or hydrous (for trachyte) conditions. At low pressure (200 MPa), temperatures below 850 °C, and anhydrous conditions, the degree of crystallization is extremely high (>90%), and the residual glass obtained from trachyte experiments is characterized by peralkaline and sodic affinity. This finding is consistent with natural eruptive products containing interstitial phonolitic glass within an anorthoclase framework. The shift from trachyte to phonolite is therefore interpreted as the result of open system interaction between trachytic magma and intercumulus phonolitic melt, as well as of dissolution of anorthoclase from a crystal mush.
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Eleftheriadis, George, et George Staikopoulos. « Upper Miocene volcanic rocks at Neo Petritsi, Central Macedonia (N. Greece) ». Geologica Balcanica 27, no 3-4 (30 décembre 1997) : 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/geolbalc.27.3-4.49.

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Volcanic rocks of dacite and trachyte composition intrude, mainly in the form of dykes, the crystalline basement of the Serbo-Macedonian massif, north of the village Neo Petritsi, in the Kerkini Mountains, Central Macedonia, Greece. They belong to the high-K calc-alkaline to shoshonite series with volcanic arc to post-collisional characteristics. Also, they show features of subduction-related magmas (high LIL/HFS element ratios). REE abundances and disequilibrium mineral textures suggest magma mixing processes for the generation of the studied rocks. 40Ar/39Ar age measurements on sanidine phenocrysts yielded about 12 Ma for the trachytes. Therefore, they are considered among the oldest Neogene to Quaternary volcanic products in the Aegean region that have been related to extensional movements.
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Stolz, A. J. « Mineralogy of the Nandewar Volcano, northeastern New South Wales, Australia ». Mineralogical Magazine 50, no 356 (juin 1986) : 241–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1986.050.356.07.

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AbstractThe paper discusses the mineralogy of eruptives from the Nandewar Volcano, which range in composition from hawaiite and trachyandesite to comendite via tristanite and mafic and peralkaline trachyte. Olivine, Ca-rich pyroxene, and amphibole display marked decreases in 100 Mg/(Mg + Fe) ratios in the sequence trachyandesite to comendite, reflecting variation in host rock compositions. The presence of tscher-makitic subcalcic pyroxene and aluminous bronzite megacrysts in several trachyandesites indicates that these experienced intratelluric crystallization at elevated pressures (6–8 kbar). Some titanomagnetite and plagioclase phenocrysts in trachyandesites may also be moderate pressure cognate precipitates. Groundmass pyroxenes of some trachytes and comendites are strongly acmitic. The presence or absence of coexisting alkali amphiboles and aenigmatite appears to reflect stability over a relatively broad range of fO2 conditions. Aenigmatite rims on titanomagnetite and ilmenite microphenocrysts in several peralkaline eruptives provides support for a ‘no-oxide’ field in T-fO2 space. The Fe-Ti oxide compositional data indicate that magmas spanning the spectrum trachy-andesite-comendite crystallized under conditions of decreasing T and fO2 which broadly coincided with the FMQ synthetic buffer curve. However, a voluminous group of slightly older associated rhyolites appear to have crystallized under significantly more oxidizing conditions.
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Huguet, P., et P. Goldschmidt. « Trachome ». EMC - Ophtalmologie 6, no 2 (janvier 2009) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0246-0343(09)52431-8.

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Njonfang, E., et C. Moreau. « The mafic mineralogy of the Pandé massif, Tikar plain, Cameroon : implications for a peralkaline affinity and emplacement from highly evolved alkaline magma ». Mineralogical Magazine 64, no 3 (juin 2000) : 525–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/002646100549409.

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AbstractThe Pandé massif is a small (4.9×63.4 km) subvolcanic complex of the Cameroon Line striking W – E and intrudes a Panafrican granite basement. It comprises a syenite-granite suite, where coarse- to finegrained syenites are predominant and the granites are the product of residual melt after syenite crystallization, and two volcanic (trachyte-rhyolite and trachyte) sequences. Amphibole and pyroxene are the dominant mafic silicates, the first occurring mainly in rhyolites and coarse- to medium-grained syenites, and the second, principally in all syenites, trachytes and granites. Rare biotite flakes are encountered in the coarse-grained or alkaline syenites and fayalite rimmed with oxides occurs in trachyte from the first volcanic sequence (T1). Apatite and zircon are common accessories, whereas some titanite occurs in the medium-grained syenites. The plutonic rocks are drusy, intrude the first volcanic sequence but pre-date the second (T2).All the mafic minerals are Fe-rich. Detailed studies of amphibole and pyroxene show that their compositions define relatively limited trends, amphibole varying from ferro-richterite to arfvedsonite and pyroxenes along the acmite-hedenbergite join of the Ac-Hd-Di diagram, in both the intrusive suite and volcanic rocks. Where the two minerals coexist, pyroxene crystallized subsequent to amphibole, a situation generally found in late-stage or subsolidus aegirines. The overlap in plutonic and volcanic pyroxene trends suggests their crystallization from magmas of the same composition. However, the presence of quartz and fayalite in T1 and of pure aegirine in T2 and the occurrence of Zr-bearing aegirine (NaZr0.5Fe0.52+Si2O6) in the early crystallizing alkaline syenites evolving towards pure aegirine from medium- to fine-grained quartz syenites and granites, are consistent with changes in oxygen fugacities during magmatic differentiation. Two stages are distinguished: fO2 increasingly decreased from T1 to alkaline syenite emplacement (from 10−16 to 10−24 bracketed by WM and QFM buffers) where a disequilibrium, probably caused by water dissociation with volatile loss (H2) during magma degassing, favoured crystallization of Zr-bearing aegirine; a decrease in amphibole proportions towards medium-grained quartz syenites and an increase in fO2 from the medium-grained quartz syenites to granites and T2 sequence.The Mg-poor nature of all the mafic silicates, subsolidus origin of amphiboles, crystallization of pyroxene subsequent to amphibole and subsolidus trends defined by pyroxenes are compatible with the parental magma having itself been a late-stage derivative magma, e.g. the last product of an alkaline melt from which the voluminous Mayo Darlé granite bodies crystallized.
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Aikawa, Takuya, et Katsumi Togashi. « Movement of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda : Aphelenchoididae) in tracheal system of adult Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera : Cerambycidae) ». Nematology 2, no 5 (2000) : 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854100509402.

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Abstract To clarify the movement of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus in the tracheal system of adult Monochamus alternatus, 49 adult beetles were dissected 0, 15, 30, 45 or 60 days after emergence and the nematodes heading inwards to the distal end and outwards to spiracles in tracheae were counted. In adult beetles just after emergence, the majority of nematodes headed inwards. The proportion of tracheae with nematodes heading outwards was significantly higher for beetles aged 15, 30 or 45 days than for newly-emerged beetles. The proportion of nematodes pointing outwards tended to increase with beetle age and was significantly greater in 45-day old beetles than in newly emerged ones. A comparison of prediction with observation suggests that the nematodes move forwards in the tracheal system from spiracles and exit from spiracles after turning round in the tracheae. Le déplacement de Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) dans le système trachéen des adultes de Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) - Pour mieux comprendre le déplacement de Bursaphelenchus xylophilus dans le système trachéen de Monochamus alternatus 49 insectes ont été disséqués 0, 15, 30, 45 ou 60 jours après l'émergence et les nématodes se dirigeant dans les trachées vers l'intérieur - partie distale - et vers l'extérieur - stigmates - ont été comptés. Chez les insectes adultes, immédiatement après l'émergence la majorité des nématodes se dirigent vers l'intérieur. La proportion de trachées contenant des nématodes se dirigeant vers l'extérieur est significativement plus élevée chez les insectes âgés de 15, 30 ou 45 jours que chez ceux ayant émergé depuis peu. La proportion de nématodes se dirigeant vers l'avant a tendance à croître avec l'âge de l'insecte: elle est en effet significativement plus élevée chez les insectes âgés de 45 jours que chez ceux dont l'émergence est récente. La comparaison entre projection et observations suggère que les nématodes progressent dans le système trachéen à partir des stigmates et sortent par ces derniers après s'être retournés dans la trachée.
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Dongmo A, Kagou, Guedjeo C .S, Primus A.T, Wotchoko P, Chenyui M.L, Aziwo B.T et Kamgang K.V. « Geochemical and geotechnical characterization of soils developed on volcanic rocks on the Bamenda mountain (Cameroon volcanic line) ». International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 6, no 2 (26 juillet 2018) : 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v6i2.13505.

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The weathering mechanism of rocks exposed under the same conditions on the Bamenda Mountain is not well understood. The aim of this study is to characterize basalt, trachyte and rhyolite and their products on the geochemical and geotechnical aspect. Here three wells were hand dug on rocks developed on basalt, trachyte and rhyolite and studied. The results showed that, Ki values (0.34-6.57) indicate SiO2 are more leached on soils developed on basalt than those on trachyte and rhyolite. CIA (72.62-97.8) and CIW (72.76-98.8) indicate an advanced to extreme chemical weathering in this environment, with rhyolite and trachyte more weathered than basalts. Soils formed on basalt have ICV >1 signifying they are young and immature, while those on trachyte and rhyolite ICV =0.3-0.5 indicate intense chemical weathering. Al (EFAl=1.5) and Fe (EFFe=1.3) are enriched in the soils and while SiO2, Na, K, Ca and Mg are depleted in the soils profile as one moves upward. Geotechnically, these soils are predominantly silts, well graded, less plastic (LI<0), plastic (CI>1) to moderately plastic (PI=7.2-15.8). Soils developed on rhyolite have high clay content MBV= 3.3-8, but low water content (10-42%). Texturally, these soil are silty loam, loam to sandy loam soils. Soil strength of the soils is low: cohesion (<0.5bar), angle of internal friction (10-43°), with shallow landslides (1-2m) more likely to occur on trachyte and on rhyolites.
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Wolff, John A. « On the syenite-trachyte problem ». Geology 45, no 12 (3 octobre 2017) : 1067–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g39415.1.

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Wigglesworth, Vincent Brian. « Aeriferous tracheae ». International Journal of Insect Morphology and Embryology 21, no 4 (octobre 1992) : 307–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7322(92)90025-i.

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Charland, Anne, Don Francis et John Ludden. « Stratigraphy and geochemistry of the Itcha Volcanic Complex, central British Columbia ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30, no 1 (1 janvier 1993) : 132–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e93-013.

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The Itcha Volcanic Complex is the youngest and easternmost felsic shield volcano of the Anahim Volcanic Belt of central British Columbia. The main body of the shield erupted over an area of ~300 km2 forming Itcha Mountain and Mount Downton. Volcanism associated with the Itcha Shield extended 20 km south to the Satah Mountain area, where lavas erupted along a north-northwest – south-southeast fault system and covered an additional area of 250 km2. The Itcha Volcanic Complex is characterized by a bimodal population of volcanic rocks, which are dominated by felsic lavas. There were two stages of volcanism: (i) an early felsic shield-building stage dominated by felsic lavas ranging in composition from phonolite to minor quartz-normative trachytes, which erupted as flows, domes, and pyroclastic deposits to form a low-angled shield; and (ii) a late mafic capping stage, which comprises a thin veneer of hawaiite and more primitive mafic lavas ranging in composition from alkali olivine basalt to basanite. The late mafic capping stage lavas erupted from satellite cinder cones and fissures concentrated on the eastern side of the shield.The hawaiites that dominate the late mafic capping stage cannot have been derived from the more primitive basalts with which they are associated by low-pressure crystal fractionation but may instead have originated from the fractionation of a clinopyroxene-dominated assemblage at high pressures. The presence of mafic xenocrysts in a megacrystic trachyte unit, whose eruption terminated the felsic shield-building stage, and anorthoclase xenocrysts in the most evolved alkali olivine basalts of the mafic capping stage indicate that the mafic and the felsic magmas interacted prior to eruption. An overlap in 87Sr/86Sr ratios and a similarity in the high-field-strength element ratios of the felsic and the mafic lavas suggest that they are genetically related. Elevated ratios of large-ion lithophile elements to high-field-strength elements (e.g., Rb/Zr) in the trachytes, however, indicates that the felsic magmas were not derived by closed-system fractional crystallization from the mafic magmas and may instead suggest the assimilation of a crustal component.
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Skulski, Thomas, Don Francis et John Ludden. « Volcanism in an arc-transform transition zone : the stratigraphy of the St. Clare Creek volcanic field, Wrangell volcanic belt, Yukon, Canada ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no 3 (1 mars 1992) : 446–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-039.

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The St. Clare Creek volcanic field in the southwestern Yukon overlies a tectonic transition in the Wrangell volcanic belt between subduction to the northwest in Alaska and transform faulting along the Duke River fault in the southeast. Two large polygenetic volcanic centres dominated the Miocene landscape of the St. Clare Creek field: the 18–16 Ma Wolverine centre and the 16–10 Ma Klutlan centre. The Wolverine centre evolved from a small alkaline shield volcano at 18 Ma, from which alkaline basalts, hawaiites and mugearites erupted, to a larger composite volcano between 18 and 16 Ma composed of transitional basalt, basaltic trachyandesite, trachyte and rhyolite lavas, and pyroclastic rocks. The youngest Wolverine lavas are calc-alkaline basaltic andesites, andesites, and hybrid lavas (transitional–calc-alkaline). This temporal progression from alkaline through transitional to calc-alkaline volcanism is accompanied by a systematic increase in the degree of silica saturation and decrease in Fe/Si, Nb/Y, and P/Y ratios. Klutlan lavas have lower Nb/Y and P/Y ratios and are characterized by an opposite eruption sequence. The earliest Klutlan lavas (16–13 Ma) erupted from a composite volcano and include calc-alkaline andesite, rhyolite, and hybrid trachyandesite lavas, followed by transitional basaltic trachyandesites, trachyandesites, trachytes, and rhyolites. Klutlan vulcanism between 13 and 11 Ma was dominated by basaltic fissure eruptions on the southern flanks of the earlier centre and include early mildly alkaline basalts followed by more voluminous transitional basalts. Volcanism reverted to a more central type of activity between 11 and 10 Ma and includes calc-alkaline dacite lava followed by transitional basaltic trachyandesite, trachyandesite, and trachyte lavas.The volcanic stratigraphy of the St. Clare Creek field and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological data provide the basis for understanding the origin of St. Clare magmas in a regional tectonic context. Early Wolverine alkaline volcanism largely reflects leaky transform faulting, whereas subsequent transitional and calc-alkaline lavas record the onset of subduction-related volcanism at the margins of the then active Wrangell arc. The opposite eruption sequence at the Klutlan centre records the demise of subduction-related volcanism between 16 and 13 Ma, due to northwestward migration of the subducted plate. Upwelling of asthenospheric mantle in place of the subducted slab led to the generation of transitional basalts between 13 and 11 Ma, which resulted in more evolved lavas between 11 and 10 Ma.
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Maund, J. G., D. C. Rex, A. P. Le Roex et D. L. Reid. « Volcanism on Gough Island : a revised stratigraphy ». Geological Magazine 125, no 2 (mars 1988) : 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800009572.

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AbstractRecent field work on Gough Island combined with K–Ar dating of the lavas requires revision of the age and volcanic stratigraphy. Four main periods of volcanic activity on the island are recognized. These comprise the eruption of the Older Basalt Group which ranges in age from 2.5 to 0.52 Ma, the intrusion of aegerine-augite trachyte plugs (0.8−0.47 Ma), voluminous trachyte extrusion (0.30–0.12 Ma) and finally to eruption of the Edinburgh Basalt (0.20–0.13 Ma).Within the Older Basalt Group three phases of activity can be recognized; the earliest involving the eruption of pillow basalts and hyaloclastites when the island emerged from below sea level. This was followed by subaerial as-type lava flows and also dyke intrusion (phase two) which probably contributed to forming a large shield-type volcanic island, which in turn supported the eruption and deposition of flat-lying flows on an angular unconformity (phase three). Intrusion of aegirine-augite trachyte plugs occurred concurrently with the latter stages of Older Basalt eruption. After a period of considerable erosion the voluminous trachyte lavas and pyroclastics were erupted. The Edinburgh Basalt, erupted in the vicinity of Edinburgh Peak, represents the youngest volcanic activity on the island.
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Wei, Zhang, et Nian Qiao Fang. « The Geochemistry Research on Eocene Volcanic Rocks in Sanshui Basin ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (janvier 2013) : 322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.322.

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Guangdong Sanshui Basin evoluted with extreme volcanic activities. Eruptions between Paleocene to Eocene were concentrated on Xinzhuang, Buxin, Baoyue and Huayong formations. For realized the relationship between various kind of rocks, Geochemistry analysis such as multi-element and rare-earth element determination were launched on Basalt, Trachyte and Rhyolite samples from the research area. Geochemistry diagram suggest that: REE distribution of Basalt followed as mid-plate alkali Basalt mode, while their trace element spider diagrams act as continental alkali Basalt with Nb, Ti rich and Sr loss. REE distribution of Trachyte and Rhyolite are similar, which indicate the same crystalization separation process. S-B diagram and Pearce diagram show that: Granite were partial melted from source region, while Trachyte in ZMY and Rhyolite in LBS originated from the same source region, and occur with the process of crystallization separation with plagioclase adventage.
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Bhandari, Saunak, Wenjiao Xiao, Songjian Ao, Brian F. Windley, Rixiang Zhu, Rui Li, Hao Y. C. Wang et Rasoul Esmaeili. « Rifting of the northern margin of the Indian craton in the Early Cretaceous : Insight from the Aulis Trachyte of the Lesser Himalaya (Nepal) ». Lithosphere 11, no 5 (12 juillet 2019) : 643–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/l1058.1.

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Abstract To reconstruct the early tectonic history of the Himalayan orogen before final India-Asia collision, we carried out geochemical and geochronological studies on the Early Cretaceous Aulis Trachyte of the Lesser Himalaya. The trace-element geochemistry of the trachytic lava flows suggests formation in a rift setting, and zircon U-Pb ages indicate that volcanism occurred in Early Cretaceous time. The felsic volcanics show enrichment of more incompatible elements and rare earth elements, a pattern that is identical to the trachyte from the East African Rift (Kenya rift), with conspicuous negative anomalies of Nb, P, and Ti. Although much of the zircon age data are discordant, they strongly suggest an Early Cretaceous eruption age, which is in agreement with the fossil age of intravolcanic siltstones. The Aulis Trachyte provides the first corroboration of Cretaceous rifting in the Lesser Himalaya as suggested by paleomagnetic data associated with the concept that the northern margin of India separated as a microcontinent and drifted north in the Neo-Tethys before terminal collision of India with Asia.
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Bozkurt, V., Y. Ucbas, S. Koca et H. Ipek. « Recovery of feldspar from trachyte by flotation ». Minerals Engineering 19, no 11 (août 2006) : 1216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2005.10.016.

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LOUDON, CATHERINE. « Tracheal Hypertrophy in Mealworms : Design and Plasticity in Oxygen Supply Systems ». Journal of Experimental Biology 147, no 1 (1 novembre 1989) : 217–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.147.1.217.

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Larval Tenebrio molitor L. (Insecta) were reared in three different levels of oxygen: 21 % (normal), 15 % and 10.5 %, all at 101.3 kPa (=1 atm) total pressure (remainder nitrogen). Some larvae were transferred from one oxygen level to another during development. The main tracheae (branching off from the spiracular tracheae) were of greater cross-sectional area in lower ambient oxygen. Compared to larvae of the same body mass reared in 21 % oxygen, larvae reared in 15 % oxygen had main tracheae 40% larger in cross-sectional area on average, and larvae in 10.5% oxygen had main tracheae 120% larger. This hypertrophy is not consistent with the widely accepted hypothesis that tracheae contribute an insignificant resistance to the net movement of oxygen in insect tracheal systems. The magnitude of the hypertrophy is consistent with predictions from Fick's law of diffusion and with the hypothesis that diffusion is the primary mechanism for oxygen movement in the larval tracheal system of holometabolous insects.
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Yi, Wei Hong, Jing Jun Zhang, Cheng Zhi Liu et Yong Liang Yang. « Research on Volcanic Rock Types and Characteristics in Ou Area ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 522-524 (février 2014) : 1322–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.522-524.1322.

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Through core observation and description, whole rock chemical analysis, thin section identification and logging identification method, The volcanic rock of this area is mainly basalt, trachyte and tuff, three major categories, further divided into 10 subclasses. Basalt intergranular-intersertal structure, the main minerals are plagioclase , sodium feldspar and mafic pyroxene , belong to alkaline series,infrasonic wave, low natural gamma, high resistance, high density; Trachyte ,typical rough structure, high content of feldspar, the negative anomaly of naturalelectric potential, high resistance, high natural gamma measurement, infrasonic wave;Tuff, tuffaceous texture, massive structure, rock is composed of lithic, vitric, crystal and volcanic ash, ingredients to alkali feldspar, biotite, plagioclase etc, low natural gamma, low resistivity , low density.
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Zhang, Jing Jun, Cheng Zhi Liu, Yong Liang Yang et Si Hai Yu. « Volcanic Oil and Gas Reservoir Characteristics and Comprehensive Evaluation in Oulituozi Area ». Advanced Materials Research 671-674 (mars 2013) : 328–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.671-674.328.

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Based on the core, thin section, scanning electron microscopy, well logging and the physical properties of reservoir, according to the research on the volcanic reservoirs characteristics of the E2-3S3 Formation in Oulituozi area, obtaining the following points: Basalt, trachyte and tuff are mainly lithology, overflow facies are main lithofacies, secondly explosive facies and volcanic sedimentary facies; Secondary reservoir spaces are often superimposed on the original reservoir spaces, and pore, hole and slit together form the effective reservoir spaces; The reservoir property show that the trachyte are the best, secondly the basalt and tuff; Reservoir lithology, lithofacies, thickness, fracture development, physical and electrical properties and other reservoir parameters are the main evaluation criteria to conduct the reservoir comprehensive evaluation.
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23

Schmitz, Anke, et Steven F. Perry. « Bimodal breathing in jumping spiders : morphometric partitioning of the lungs and tracheae in Salticus scenicus (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae) ». Journal of Experimental Biology 204, no 24 (15 décembre 2001) : 4321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.204.24.4321.

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SUMMARY In jumping spiders, both the book lungs and the tracheal system are well-developed. The tracheal system consists of four thick primary tracheae that branch into small secondary tracheae, some of them ending in the opisthosoma and others entering the prosoma. We used stereological morphometric methods to investigate the morphological diffusing capacity of the lungs and of the walls of the secondary tracheae (‘lateral diffusing capacity’) of two groups of Salticus scenicus with mean body masses of 2.69 mg (group A) and 5.28 mg (group B). The thickness of the gas-exchange epithelium of the lungs was 0.164 μm (group A) and 0.186 μm (group B) for the total diffusion barrier. The secondary tracheae were divided arbitrarily into seven classes according to their inner diameter (1–7 μm). The diffusion barriers of the tracheal walls tend to be thinnest (0.17 and 0.18 μm) for the smallest tracheae, the walls of the other tracheal classes having approximately the same thickness of diffusion barrier (0.24–0.32 μm). The calculated oxygen-diffusing capacity (DO2) for the lungs was 16.4 μl min–1 g–1 kPa–1 for group A and 12 μl min–1 g–1 kPa–1 for group B; the DO2 of the walls of all secondary tracheae was 5.91 μl min–1 g–1 kPa–1 for group A animals and 6.63 μl min–1 g–1 kPa–1 for group B animals. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the tracheal system plays an important role in gas exchange in jumping spiders. Resting and low-activity oxygen consumption rates can be met by the lungs or the tracheae alone, while high oxygen demands can be met only if both respiratory systems are working together. Tracheae entering the prosoma have only 4–10 % of the total tracheal diffusing capacity, thus providing sufficient oxygen for the nervous system but not being able to prevent muscle fatigue. The similar thickness of the walls of all tracheal classes is consistent with the hypothesis that the secondary tube tracheae function as ‘tracheal lungs’, supplying the haemolymph and organs by lateral diffusion.
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Parulekar, Prashant, et Stephen Drage. « Trache teams ». Journal of the Intensive Care Society 19, no 1 (février 2018) : 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1751143717711356.

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Ishida, K., P. D. Pare, R. J. Thomson et R. R. Schellenberg. « Increased in vitro responses of tracheal smooth muscle from hyperresponsive guinea pigs ». Journal of Applied Physiology 68, no 4 (1 avril 1990) : 1316–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.68.4.1316.

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Repeated aerosol antigen challenge of previously sensitized guinea pigs induces airway hyperresponsiveness to inhaled acetylcholine. To determine the mechanism producing these airway changes and assuming that changes in the trachealis muscle reflect changes in muscle of the entire tracheobronchial tree, we examined the in vitro smooth muscle mechanics and morphometric parameters of tracheae from guinea pigs demonstrating hyperresponsiveness in vivo vs. tracheae from control guinea pigs. No differences between these groups were found in luminal volume at zero transmural pressure, passive pressure-volume characteristics, or area of airway wall. Smooth muscle areas were slightly less in tracheae from hyperresponsive guinea pigs. Tracheae from hyperresponsive guinea pigs had both significantly increased isovolumetric force generation and isobaric shortening compared with tracheae from controls when evaluated over the range of transmural pressures from -40 to 40 cmH2O. We conclude that the in vivo airway hyperresponsiveness induced with repeated antigen challenge is associated with both increased force generation and shortening of tracheal smooth muscle without increased muscle mass, suggesting enhanced contractile activity.
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Ngounouno, Ismaila, Christian Moreau, Bernard Deruelle, Daniel Demaiffe et Raymond Montigny. « Petrologie du complexe alcalin sous-sature de Kokoumi (Cameroun) ». Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no 6 (1 novembre 2001) : 675–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.6.675.

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Abstract The Cameroon Line was created by the rejuvenation, at the beginning of the opening of the Atlantic Ocean, of a Pan-African N070 degrees E fracture zone [Moreau et al., 1987], which acted as a huge lithospheric crack taping a hot asthenospheric zone [Deruelle et al., 1998; Marzoli et al., 2000]. The Kokoumi anorogenic pluton belongs to the E-W Garoua rift structure, which represents the easternmost extension of the Benue trough. The Garoua rift opened during the Neocomian-Lower Aptian ages [Benkhelil, 1988] through the rejuvenation of Pan-African normal faults. The rift subsided, was partially filled by conglomerates and sandstones, and the ensemble was folded in the Cretaceous period [Guiraud, 1993]. Post-Cretaceous faulting affected these sediments. Intrusion of the Kokoumi anorogenic complex through the Cretaceous sandstones was favoured by N-S, N070 degrees E, E-W and N135 degrees E faults and N030 degrees E extension [Moreau et al., 1987]. The Kokoumi complex was first described by Koch [1959]. It is composed of a plutonic gabbro-nepheline monzosyenite-nepheline syenite series and of lamprophyric dykes (monchiquites and camptonites). One trachyte dyke is also observed. The gabbros are olivine (Fo 70 )-, nepheline-, or kaersutite-bearing gabbros. They also contain Ti-Al-rich diopside, Ti-rich biotite, titanite, ilmenite, Ti-magnetite and apatite. The nepheline monzosyenites contain diopside, Fe-diopside, kaersutite, Fe-kaersutite, titanite and apatite. The nepheline syenites contain aegirine-augite, F-rich arfvedsonite and aenigmatite. Kaersutite and clinopyroxene predominate in the lamprophyres. Monchiquites and gabbros, camptonites and monzosyenites, display respective similar mineralogy. Monchiquites contain carbonate ocelli. The trachyte does not contain ferromagnesian minerals. For gabbros and monchiquites, equilibrium Fe-Ti oxide temperatures are between 650 and 750 degrees C (+ or -40 degrees C) and oxygen fugacities between 10 (super -15) and 10 (super -14) (+ or -0.5 X 10 (super -15) ) atmospheres, according to Spencer and Lindsley [1981]. Nepheline crystallized below 700 degrees C, according to Hamilton [1961]. All the rocks (except the trachyte) are nepheline normative (Ne 6 to Ne 40 ). Major and trace element distributions in MgO-element diagrams for the two series merge together into a single trend, from monchiquites to nepheline syenites. Nevertheless, the monchiquites trends have different slopes. We deduce the evolution from gabbros to nepheline syenites on the one hand and from monchiquites to camptonites on the other from primitive mantle normalized multi-element diagrams. Multi-element diagrams for the trachyte and the nepheline syenite are strictly similar. Patterns for Kokoumi gabbros are similar to those for basalts of the Kapsiki plateau [Ngounouno et al., 2000] and the Garoua rift [Ngounouno et al., 1997] with typical negative K and positive Zr and Ti anomalies. Patterns for nepheline monzosyenites display negative anomalies in Sr, P, Eu and Ti and those for nepheline syenites and trachyte display greater anomalies in these elements and Ba. Compared to gabbros, nepheline monzosyenites are enriched in all REE with a concave upward pattern and no Eu-anomaly. Nepheline syenites have a range of broadly similar REE patterns to nepheline monzosyenites with steep slope from La to Sm, strong Eu negative anomaly (Eu/Eu (super *) nearly equal 0.15) and heavy-REE spoon-shape. REE patterns for monchiquites, camptonites, and trachyte are respectively similar to those for gabbros, monzosyenites, and nepheline syenite. Initial Sr-isotope ratios of 0.7033 (recalculated from the measured ratios for an age of 39 Ma for plutonic rocks and 20 Ma for the lamprophyres and the trachyte) are similar to those obtained for basalts from the continental segment of the Cameroon Line [Halliday et al., 1988; Ngounouno et al., 2000; Demaiffe et al., unpubl.], whereas nepheline syenites and trachyte are distinctly more radiogenic with values between 0.7128 and 0.7251. Amphibole and whole-rock K-Ar analyses (table III) yield 39.0+ or -0.9 Ma and 36.6+ or -0.9 Ma respectively. Since amphibole is a reliable chronometer in K-Ar dating, we propose the first age as the probable time of emplacement of the gabbros. Whole-rock analysis of nepheline syenite 99 displays an age of 33.1+ or -0.5 Ma. Field and geochemical observations suggest that gabbros and nepheline syenite are cogenetic and hence contemporaneous.
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von Plehwe-Leisen, Esther, Hans Leisen et Eberhard Wendler. « Drachenfels trachyte an important stone for medieval monuments investigation into conservation ». Zeitschrift der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Geowissenschaften 158, no 4 (1 décembre 2007) : 985–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/1860-1804/2007/0158-0985.

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Verpoorte, Alexander. « Wat Bushmen Trachten te Behouden… ». Afrika Focus 12, no 1-3 (11 février 1996) : 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-0120103003.

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This article has a double goal. First, it tries to enlighten key notions in Weiners book: inalienable possessions, brother-sister-relations, hierarchy and equality, cosmological authentication. Second, it relates the paradox of keeping-while-giving to the concept of possession and exchange among Southern African groups of hunters and gatherers. The article aims at clarifying the strengths and weaknesses of this paradox and contributing tot the ethnography of the Bushmen.
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Milot, Jean. « Histoire du trachome au Canada ». Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology 45, no 3 (juin 2010) : 280–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3129/i10-014.

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M. Kamil, ÖZEL. « BIFURCATIO TRACHEAE IN DOMESTIC AMMALS ». Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi 36, no 2 (1989) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1501/vetfak_0000001301.

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Goins, Scott, C. K. Williams et Gregory W. Dickerson. « Sophocles : Women of Trachis ». Classical World 86, no 2 (1992) : 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4351295.

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Martinod, E., A. Seguin, D. Radu, C. H. Marquette et A. Carpentier. « Remplacement de la trachée ». Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 1 (juin 2009) : S126—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1877-1203(09)75289-9.

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Azevedo, Alexsander A., et Fernando A. Silveira. « Two new species of Centris (Trachina) Klug, 1807 (Hymenoptera : Apidae) from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with a note on Centris pachysoma Cockerell, 1919 ». Lundiana : International Journal of Biodiversity 6, sup. (4 novembre 2005) : 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2675-5327.2005.22115.

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Two new bee species belonging in Centris (Trachina) Klug, 1807 – C. machadoi sp. n., and C. rupestris sp. n. – are described and some of their characters are illustrated. Comments on the identity of C. pachysoma Cockerell, 1919 are also presented. Keywords: bees, Centris, Trachina, Centridini, taxonomy, Neotropics
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34

Macdonald, R., N. W. Rogers et A. G. Tindle. « Distribution of germanium between phenocrysts and melt in peralkaline rhyolites from the Kenya Rift Valley ». Mineralogical Magazine 71, no 06 (décembre 2007) : 703–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2007.071.6.703.

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Abstract Germanium abundances, determined by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, are presented for phenocrysts and glass matrices from a metaluminous trachyte and four peralkaline rhyolites from the Greater Olkaria Volcanic Complex, Kenya Rift Valley, Africa. Abundances (in ppm) are: sanidine 0.45–0.61; fayalite 4.8–11.7; hedenbergite 5.1–9.0; titanomagnetite 2.7; ilmenite 0.48; amphibole 8.3–8.9; biotite 7.0; chevkinite-(Ce) 309; trachyte glass 3.0; rhyolitic glasses 2.3–3.9. These values are generally greater than those recorded for silicic rocks in the literature, whilst the chevkinite-(Ce) value is the largest yet found in a magmatic mineral. Apparent partition coefficients range from 0.15–0.26 in sanidine to 124 in chevkinite-(Ce). Those for fayalite and hedenbergite increase with whole-rock peralkalinity and Fe content. The possibility of a role for accessory phases in influencing Ge distribution in rock-forming minerals is also raised.
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Macdonald, R., et B. Bagiński. « The central Kenya peralkaline province : a unique assemblage of magmatic systems ». Mineralogical Magazine 73, no 1 (février 2009) : 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2009.073.1.1.

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The review focuses on the evolution of five contiguous peralkaline salic complexes in the south-central Kenya Rift Valley, stressing new developments of general significance to peralkaline magmatism. The complexes have evolved dominantly by combinations of fractional crystallization and magma mixing; volatile-melt interactions, remobilization of plutonic rocks and crystal mushes, and carbonate-silicate liquid immiscibility have been additional petrogenetic processes. Geochemical and experimental studies have shown that pantelleritic magmas can be generated by fractional crystallization of trachyte and high-silica rhyolite. Melts of comenditic composition were also formed by fractionation of trachyte but also locally by partial meltingof syenites. Studies of apparent partition coefficients have provided some of the first data on element distribution between phenocrysts and peralkaline silicic melts. Compositional zonation has been ubiquitous in the complexes, probably a result of the very low viscosity of the magmas.
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Richet, Pascal, Guy Hovis, Alan Whittington et Jacques Roux. « Energetics of water dissolution in trachyte glasses and liquids ». Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 68, no 24 (décembre 2004) : 5151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2004.05.050.

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Gaprindashvili, G. G., I. M. Gagua, K. A. Kinkladze, L. K. Tedeishvili et N. G. Dzhakhva. « Trachyte concentrate as a raw materials for bone china ». Glass and Ceramics 47, no 11 (novembre 1990) : 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00677531.

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Mollel, Godwin F., Carl C. Swisher, Lindsay J. McHenry, Mark D. Feigenson et Michael J. Carr. « Petrogenesis of basalt–trachyte lavas from Olmoti Crater, Tanzania ». Journal of African Earth Sciences 54, no 5 (août 2009) : 127–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2009.03.008.

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Maurage, C., E. Lescanne, N. Magontier, N. Faure, M. J. Ployet et J. C. Rolland. « La tracheite granuleuse : une complication du reflux gastro-oesophagien ». Archives de Pédiatrie 4 (janvier 1997) : 237s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86599-2.

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Maurage, C., E. Lescanne, N. Magontier, N. Faure, MJ Ployet et JC Rolland. « La trachéite granuleuse : Une complication du reflux gastro-œsophagien ». Archives de Pédiatrie 5, no 2 (février 1998) : 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0929-693x(97)86908-4.

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Grubb, B. R., A. J. Pace, E. Lee, B. H. Koller et R. C. Boucher. « Alterations in airway ion transport in NKCC1-deficient mice ». American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 281, no 2 (1 août 2001) : C615—C623. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.2001.281.2.c615.

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Airways of Na+-K+-2Cl−(NKCC1)-deficient mice (−/−) were studied in Ussing chambers to determine the role of the basolateral NKCC1 in transepithelial anion secretion. The basal short-circuit current ( I sc) of tracheae and bronchi from adult mice did not differ between NKCC1−/− and normal mice, whereas NKCC1−/− tracheae from neonatal mice exhibited a significantly reduced basal I sc. In normal mouse tracheae, sensitivity to the NKCC1 inhibitor bumetanide correlated inversely with the age of the mouse. In contrast, tracheae from NKCC1−/− mice at all ages were insensitive to bumetanide. The anion secretory response to forskolin did not differ between normal and NKCC1−/− tissues. However, when larger anion secretory responses were induced with UTP, airways from the NKCC1−/− mice exhibited an attenuated response. Ion substitution and drug treatment protocols suggested that HCO[Formula: see text]secretion compensated for reduced Cl− secretion in NKCC1−/− airway epithelia. The absence of spontaneous airway disease or pathology in airways from the NKCC1−/− mice suggests that the NKCC1 mutant mice are able to compensate adequately for absence of the NKCC1 protein.
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KONTSCHÁN, JENŐ. « New species and new records of Uropodina from Virginia, USA (Acari : Mesostigmata) ». Zootaxa 4347, no 2 (13 novembre 2017) : 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4347.2.9.

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Jedediella hoffmani sp. nov. and Trachytes virginiana sp. nov. are described on the basis of specimens from Virginia USA. This paper also presents the first published records of Trachytes balazyi Wiśniewski & Hirschmann, 1994, Discourella gaitlinburgiana Wiśniewski & Hirschmann, 1994 and Discourella modestasimilis Hiramatsu & Hirschmann 1979 from Virginia, and the first record of Discourella modestasimilis from USA.
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43

Koch, E. « Aspecten van de kloosterintrede van adellijke vrouwen in de late middeleeuwen ; het Norbertinessenklooster van Sint Gerlach te Houthem, circa 1202-1600 ». Studies over de sociaaleconomische geschiedenis van Limburg/Jaarboek van het Sociaal Historisch Centrum voor Limburg 33 (12 janvier 2023) : 1–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.58484/ssegl.v33i12731.

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Esther Koch bestudeerde in haar bijdrage over de kloosterintrede van adellijke vrouwen in de late Middeleeuwen de vraag, welke adellijke dames hun leven destijds doorbrachten in het Norbertinessenklooster van Sint Gerlach bij Valkenburg. Zij trachtte hun motieven om in het klooster te gaan te achterhalen.
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44

Wangensteen, O. D., L. A. Schneider, S. C. Fahrenkrug, G. M. Brottman et R. C. Maynard. « Tracheal epithelial permeability to nonelectrolytes : species differences ». Journal of Applied Physiology 75, no 2 (1 août 1993) : 1009–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1993.75.2.1009.

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We developed a new excised tracheal preparation to measure the epithelial permeability of large lipid-insoluble nonelectrolytes and macromolecules. Tracheae were suspended vertically in a Ringer solution bath, and a solution containing labeled test solutes was positioned in the center of the tracheal segment, away from damaged ends. Permeability coefficients, calculated from solute fluxes into the bath, were constant for > or = 2 h at 37 degrees C, and no histological changes were observed. Measurements after epithelial removal with detergent indicate that in the intact trachea the epithelium represents > 90% of the resistance to transport. For the rat trachea, permeability coefficients for sucrose, inulin, and Dextran 20 were 9.22, 2.20, and 0.214 x 10(-7) cm/s, respectively. Values for cat tracheae were similar, those for rabbit tracheae were lower, and those for guinea pig tracheae were markedly greater. With the assumption of transport by diffusion through thin rectangular slits between epithelial cells, the rat and guinea pig data fit a slit width of 7–8 nm, whereas the rabbit and cat data cannot be explained by a model with slits of a single size.
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Norman, David I., Kent C. Condie, Robert W. Smith et W. F. Thomann. « Geochemical and Sr and Nd isotopic constraints on the origin of late Proterozoic volcanics and associated tin-bearing granites from the Franklin Mountains, west Texas ». Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no 4 (1 avril 1987) : 830–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-081.

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Late Proterozoic volcanic and granitic rocks from the Franklin Mountains in west Texas define a continuous tholeiitic trend from rhyolite (granite) to trachyte with a small compositional gap between trachyte and basalt. Volcanics and granitic rocks have immobile-element geochemical affinities with volcanics from continental-margin-arc systems and associated back-arc basins. Felsic volcanics and granitic rocks appear to have formed by fractional crystallization of basalt during which REE and high-field-strength elements were stabilized as fluoride complexes and concentrated in late or post-magmatic fluids.A Rb–Sr isochron from nonhematized samples (1064 ± 5 Ma, i = 0.7034) falls within the error of reported U–Pb zircon dates and probably dates a period of hydrothermal alteration. εNd values (0.7–2.5 at 1065 Ma) fall below a depleted mantle growth curve and probably reflect contamination of the fractionating magmas with older continental crust. Changes in the isotopic composition of Nd during hydrothermal alteration may also contribute to the spread in εNd values.
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46

Kreukels, Loek. « 25 jaar welzijnswerk voor bejaarden in Limburg ». Studies over de sociaaleconomische geschiedenis van Limburg/Jaarboek van het Sociaal Historisch Centrum voor Limburg 25 (12 janvier 2023) : 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.58484/ssegl.v25i12772.

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Bij gelegenheid van het jubileum van de Provinciale Raad voor het Bejaardenbeleid bestudeerde Loek Kreukels vijfentwintig jaar bejaardenbeleid in Limburg en trachtte de meest fundamentele vraagstukken, waarmee de overheid in Limburg gedurende vele jaren op het terrein van de bejaardenzorg te maken heeft gehad, op te sporen.
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47

Feraboli, Simonetta. « Eracle, le "Trachinie" e il Calendario ». Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica 23, no 2 (1986) : 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20538933.

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Wang, Y., R. Zuber, K. Oehl, M. Norum et B. Moussian. « Report onDrosophila melanogasterlarvae without functional tracheae ». Journal of Zoology 296, no 2 (12 mars 2015) : 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzo.12226.

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Wetzel, H. « Applikation von Albendazol an trachtige Kühe ». Zentralblatt für Veterinärmedizin Reihe B 32, no 1-10 (13 mai 2010) : 375–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0450.1985.tb01975.x.

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Deng, Yanchun, Sa Yang, Hongxia Zhao, Qingyun Diao et Chunsheng Hou. « IAPV-Induced Paralytic Symptoms Associated with Tachypnea via Impaired Tracheal System Function ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no 18 (17 septembre 2021) : 10078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221810078.

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Although it had been reported that Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) can cause systemic infection in honey bees, little is known about how it establishes this infection and results in the typical symptoms, paralysis and trembling. Here, we used our previously constructed IAPV infectious clone to investigate viral loads in different tissues of honey bees and further identify the relation between tissue tropism and paralytic symptoms. Our results showed that tracheae showed a greater concentration of viral abundance than other tissues. The abundance of viral protein in the tracheae was positively associated with viral titers, and was further confirmed by immunological and ultrastructural evidence. Furthermore, higher viral loads in tracheae induced remarkable down-regulation of succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase genes, and progressed to causing respiratory failure of honey bees, resulting in the appearance of typical symptoms, paralysis and body trembling. Our results showed that paralysis symptoms or trembling was actually to mitigate tachypnea induced by IAPV infection due to the impairment of honey bee tracheae, and revealed a direct causal link between paralysis symptoms and tissue tropism. These findings provide new insights into the understanding of the underlying mechanism of paralysis symptoms of honey bees after viral infection and have implications for viral disease prevention and specific therapeutics in practice.
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