Articles de revues : « Trace completeness »

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Roşu, Grigore. « Finite-trace linear temporal logic : coinductive completeness ». Formal Methods in System Design 53, n^o 1 (26 juin 2018) : 138–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10703-018-0321-3.

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Wetzel, Andreas, et Thomas Aigner. « Stratigraphic completeness : Tiered trace fossils provide a measuring stick ». Geology 14, n^o 3 (1986) : 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1986)14<234:scttfp>2.0.co;2.

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Mateu, Cecilia, Berry Holl, Joris De Ridder et Lorenzo Rimoldini. « Empirical completeness assessment of the Gaia DR2, Pan-STARRS 1, and ASAS-SN-II RR Lyrae catalogues ». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496, n^o 3 (12 juin 2020) : 3291–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1676.

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ABSTRACT RR Lyrae stars are an important and widely used tracer of the most ancient populations of our Galaxy, mainly due to their standard candle nature. The current availability of large-scale surveys of variable stars is allowing us to trace the structure of our entire Galaxy, even in previously inaccessible areas like the Galactic disc. In this work, we aim to provide an empirical assessment of the completeness of the three largest RR Lyrae catalogues available: Gaia DR2, PanSTARRS-1, and ASAS-SN-II. Using a joint probabilistic analysis of the three surveys we compute 2D and 3D completeness maps in each survey’s full magnitude range. At the bright end (G < 13), we find that ASAS-SN-II and Gaia are near 100 per cent complete in RRab at high latitude (|b| > 20°); ASAS-SN-II has the best completeness at low latitude for RRab and at all latitudes for RRc. At the faint end (G > 13), Gaia DR2 is the most complete catalogue for both RR Lyrae types, at any latitude, with median completeness rates of $95{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (RRab) and $\gt 85{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (RRc) outside the ecliptic plane (|β| > 25°). We confirm high and uniform completeness of PanSTARRS-1 RR Lyrae at 91 per cent (ab) and 82 per cent (c) down to G ∼ 18, and provide the first estimate of its completeness at low galactic latitude (|b| ≤ 20°) at estimated medians $65{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (ab) and $50\!-\!60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ (c). Our results are publicly available as 2D and 3D completeness maps, and as functions to evaluate each survey’s completeness versus distance or per line of sight.

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Huynh, Dung T., et Lu Tian. « On Some Equivalence Relations for Probabilistic Processes1 ». Fundamenta Informaticae 17, n^o 3 (1 septembre 1992) : 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1992-17304.

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In this paper, we investigate several equivalence relations for probabilistic labeled transition systems: bisimulation equivalence, readiness equivalence, failure equivalence, trace equivalence, maximal trace equivalence and finite trace equivalence. We formally prove the inclusions (equalities) among these equivalences. We also show that readiness, failure, trace, maximum trace and finite trace equivalences for finite probabilistic labeled transition systems are decidable in polynomial time. This should be contrasted with the PSPACE completeness of the same equivalences for classical labeled transition systems. Moreover, we derive an efficient polynomial time algorithm for deciding bisimulation equivalence for finite probabilistic labeled transition systems. The special case of initiated probabilistic transition systems will be considered. We show that the isomorphism problem for finite initiated labeled probabilistic transition systems is NC(1) equivalent to graph isomorphism.

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MASTROENI, ISABELLA, et ANINDYA BANERJEE. « Modelling declassification policies using abstract domain completeness ». Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 21, n^o 6 (27 octobre 2011) : 1253–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096012951100020x.

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This paper explores a three dimensional characterisation of a declassification-based non-interference policy and its consequences. Two of the dimensions consist of specifying:(a)the power of the attacker, that is, what public information a program has that an attacker can observe; and(b)what secret information a program has that needs to be protected.Both these dimensions are regulated by the third dimension:(c)the choice of program semantics, for example, trace semantics or denotational semantics, or any semantics in Cousot's semantics hierarchy.To check whether a program satisfies a non-interference policy, one can compute an abstract domain that over-approximates the information released by the policy and then check whether program execution can release more information than permitted by the policy. Counterexamples to a policy can be generated by using a variant of the Paige–Tarjan algorithm for partition refinement. Given the counterexamples, the policy can be refined so that the least amount of confidential information required for making the program secure is declassified.

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Grantz, Kyra H., Elizabeth C. Lee, Lucy D’Agostino McGowan, Kyu Han Lee, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Emily S. Gurley et Justin Lessler. « Maximizing and evaluating the impact of test-trace-isolate programs : A modeling study ». PLOS Medicine 18, n^o 4 (30 avril 2021) : e1003585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003585.

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Background Test-trace-isolate programs are an essential part of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) control that offer a more targeted approach than many other nonpharmaceutical interventions. Effective use of such programs requires methods to estimate their current and anticipated impact. Methods and findings We present a mathematical modeling framework to evaluate the expected reductions in the reproductive number, R, from test-trace-isolate programs. This framework is implemented in a publicly available R package and an online application. We evaluated the effects of completeness in case detection and contact tracing and speed of isolation and quarantine using parameters consistent with COVID-19 transmission (R0: 2.5, generation time: 6.5 days). We show that R is most sensitive to changes in the proportion of cases detected in almost all scenarios, and other metrics have a reduced impact when case detection levels are low (<30%). Although test-trace-isolate programs can contribute substantially to reducing R, exceptional performance across all metrics is needed to bring R below one through test-trace-isolate alone, highlighting the need for comprehensive control strategies. Results from this model also indicate that metrics used to evaluate performance of test-trace-isolate, such as the proportion of identified infections among traced contacts, may be misleading. While estimates of the impact of test-trace-isolate are sensitive to assumptions about COVID-19 natural history and adherence to isolation and quarantine, our qualitative findings are robust across numerous sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Effective test-trace-isolate programs first need to be strong in the “test” component, as case detection underlies all other program activities. Even moderately effective test-trace-isolate programs are an important tool for controlling the COVID-19 pandemic and can alleviate the need for more restrictive social distancing measures.

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Bogdanova, Galina, Todor Todorov et Stefka Kancheva. « Virtual Museum of Russian Bells in Bulgaria ». Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 7 (10 septembre 2017) : 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2017.7.19.

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The aim of our research is to trace and passport the Russian bells in Bulgaria on the way of the Russian troops from the Danube to Shipka, given in gratitude for the help provided during the Russian-Turkish War (1877-1878). We base our research on previous similar projects that we have successfully completed. In this paper we formulate stages of our project and present current situation in their completeness.

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Dattilo, Anne, Natalie M. Batalha et Steve Bryson. « A Unified Treatment of Kepler Occurrence to Trace Planet Evolution. I. Methodology ». Astronomical Journal 166, n^o 3 (22 août 2023) : 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acebc8.

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Abstract We present Kepler exoplanet occurrence rates for planets between 0.5 and 16 R ⊕ and between 1 and 400 days. To measure occurrence, we use a nonparametric method via a kernel density estimator and use bootstrap random sampling for uncertainty estimation. We use a full characterization of completeness and reliability measurements from the Kepler Data Release 25 catalog, including detection efficiency, vetting completeness, astrophysical reliability, and false alarm reliability. We also include more accurate and homogeneous stellar radii from Gaia Data Release 2. In order to see the impact of these final Kepler properties, we revisit benchmark exoplanet occurrence rate measurements from the literature. We compare our measurements with previous studies to both validate our method and observe the dependence of these benchmarks on updated stellar and planet properties. For FGK stars, between 0.5 and 16 R ⊕ and between 1 and 400 days, we find an occurrence of 1.52 ± 0.08 planets per star. We investigate the dependence of occurrence as a function of radius, orbital period, and stellar type and compare with previous studies with excellent agreement. We measure the minimum of the radius valley to be 1.78 − 0.16 + 0.14 R ⊕ for FGK stars and find it to move to smaller radii for cooler stars. We also present new measurements of the slope of the occurrence cliff at 3–4 R ⊕, and find that the cliff becomes less steep at long orbital period. Our methodology will enable us to constrain theoretical models of planet formation and evolution in the future.

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Knorr, W., V. Lehsten et A. Arneth. « Determinants and predictability of global wildfire emissions ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, n^o 15 (1 août 2012) : 6845–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-6845-2012.

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Abstract. Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols globally. These emissions have a major impact on the radiative balance of the atmosphere and on air quality, and are thus of significant scientific and societal interest. Several datasets have been developed that quantify those emissions on a global grid and offered to the atmospheric modelling community. However, no study has yet attempted to systematically quantify the dependence of the inferred pyrogenic emissions on underlying assumptions and input data. Such a sensitivity study is needed for understanding how well we can currently model those emissions and what the factors are that contribute to uncertainties in those emission estimates. Here, we combine various satellite-derived burned area products, a terrestrial ecosystem model to simulate fuel loads and the effect of fire on ecosystem dynamics, a model of fuel combustion, and various emission models that relate combusted biomass to the emission of various trace gases and aerosols. We carry out simulations with varying parameters for combustion completeness and fuel decomposition rates within published estimates, four different emissions models and three different global burned-area products. We find that variations in combustion completeness and simulated fuel loads have the largest impact on simulated global emissions for most species, except for some with highly uncertain emission factors. Variation in burned-area estimates also contribute considerably to emission uncertainties. We conclude that global models urgently need more field-based data for better parameterisation of combustion completeness and validation of simulated fuel loads, and that further validation and improvement of burned area information is necessary for accurately modelling global wildfire emissions. The results are important for chemical transport modelling studies, and for simulations of biomass burning impacts on the atmosphere under future climate change scenarios.

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Hertz, J., et R. Pani. « Investigation of the completeness of digestion procedures prior to voltammetric trace metal analysis of olive leaves ». Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 328, n^o 6 (janvier 1987) : 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00475970.

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Korytov, Dmitry, et Mikhail Cherkashin. « Improvement of the Method of Calculating the Shoe Size by Incomplete Display of the Footprint Formed by the Sole ». Baikal Research Journal 14, n^o 3 (31 août 2023) : 1321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2411-6262.2023.14(3).1321-1331.

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Anatomical and functional features identified by footwear traces are considered. The calculations specified in the methods of the trasological examination were checked for the dimensional characteristics of shoe soles manufactured by modern manufacturers. The calculation for determining the size of shoes was made according to the trace, which was displayed fragmentally. As a result of the measurements, it was found that when calculating the incomplete display of the footwear sole trace, namely its heel part, a large error was revealed in determining the real size, the width of which depends on both the type of footwear, model, its shape, and the manufacturer's shape blank part. The soles of shoes of different types, models and styles were measured, as a result of which it was proved that in addition to the method of calculating the trasological examination available in the production methods, in order to establish the size of the sole of the shoes by fragmentary display of the trace of the sole of the shoes, namely when displaying the heel or sweeping part, the most stable result is possible when displaying the intermediate part of the sole of the shoes. The average coefficient of dependence of the intermediate part of the shoe sole on the length of shoes of different types is calculated, the shape, as well as the preparation of the manufacturer's form, after which the author's improved procedure for establishing anatomical and functional features is proposed, in particular the conduct of preliminary diagnostic studies in order to determine the size of the footwear on the incomplete display of the trace, formed by intermediate part of sole of boots, army boots, half-boots, sports shoes with solid sole and shoes with minimum error depending on completeness of studied shoes.

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Wang, Feng, Pingzhi Liu, Yun Yang, Haiping Wei et Xiaoya An. « A Novel Method for Reconstructing Broken Contour Lines Extracted from Scanned Topographic Maps ». Proceedings of the ICA 1 (16 mai 2018) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-1-121-2018.

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It is known that after segmentation and morphological operations on scanned topographic maps, gaps occur in contour lines. It is also well known that filling these gaps and reconstruction of contour lines with high accuracy and completeness is not an easy problem. In this paper, a novel method is proposed dedicated in automatic or semiautomatic filling up caps and reconstructing broken contour lines in binary images. The key part of end points’ auto-matching and reconnecting is deeply discussed after introducing the procedure of reconstruction, in which some key algorithms and mechanisms are presented and realized, including multiple incremental backing trace to get weighted average direction angle of end points, the max constraint angle control mechanism based on the multiple gradient ranks, combination of weighted Euclidean distance and deviation angle to determine the optimum matching end point, bidirectional parabola control, etc. Lastly, experimental comparisons based on typically samples are complemented between proposed method and the other representative method, the results indicate that the former holds higher accuracy and completeness, better stability and applicability.

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Hansen, John Mark. « Individuals, Institutions, and Public Preferences over Public Finance ». American Political Science Review 92, n^o 3 (septembre 1998) : 513–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2585478.

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This study examines public preferences over deficits, taxes, and spending. Using responses to public opinion questions designed for the purpose, the article assesses the state of preferences as expressed by individuals and as represented in government. One section examines the characteristics of individual preferences—their completeness, consistency, and coherence. Public opinion is remarkably well structured and overwhelmingly partial to the policy status quo. A second section explores the properties of mass preferences as they are aggregated by several different kinds of institutional voting rules. Institutions matter, at least to a point: Consistent institutional differences over federal budget policy trace directly to the diverse means by which institutions represent the public's positions. The conclusion assesses the meaning and import of the public's resistance to budget policy change.

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Mchedlova, Maria M., et Alexander V. Sokolov. « Russian Regions in Political Research and Identity Studies : Introducing the Issue ». RUDN Journal of Political Science 24, n^o 4 (7 décembre 2022) : 613–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-1438-2022-24-4-613-618.

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The editorial board presents an issue dedicated to the analysis of politics in the regions of Russia. Two interrelated paradigms of the political design of Russia’s regional diversity are to trace - territorial and ethno-national. They have become not only options for state registration of a space diversified by political, economic and ethno-cultural grounds, but also the subject of ideological battles, including assessments and the degree of preference of management strategies and political priorities. In the political and institutional context, the regional dimension of Russia implies an emphasis on the correlation of particular features and universalizing intentions. Such a ratio of the general and the special is included in the subject pool associated with understanding and ensuring the completeness of Russia’s sovereignty.

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Zhuravlev, Sergey. « Methodological bases and didactic tools of forensic culture of law enforcement : content of version analysis of criminal reality, development of a plan for forming evidence and tactical and methodological algorithms for their fixing ». Legal Science and Practice : Journal of Nizhny Novgorod Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia 2022, n^o 3 (7 octobre 2022) : 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.36511/2078-5356-2022-3-120-126.

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Analyzing the complex understanding of forensic culture as a phenomenon of the criminal law sphere, an attempt is made to highlight its methodological prerequisites and trace the didactic possibilities of forensic education. Law enforcement is understood as a process of restoring justice in public relations by following the trail of events of criminal reality, revealing their essence and proving the relationship between the traces found and the events that caused damage to people or nature. As a result, there is a personification of the responsibility of those persons who meaningfully or lightly irresponsibly reacted to the procedure for exercising their rights in public relations and thereby came into conflict with the law. The exceptional role of the stage of application of didactic means for the formation of skills and abilities to investigate individual manifestations of criminal reality is highlighted. Based on a comprehensive understanding of the trace space, due to the structuring of criminal reality and the ability to work with primary information, approaches to the versioned analysis of the event plan using a specialized map of forensic information analysis are distinguished. The developed didactic tools for special analytical training are divided into levels depending on their belonging to the elements of the methodology for investigating crimes. After characterizing the features of the map of forensic analysis of information, the features of the investigation planning procedure as a process of essential understanding of the stages of evidence formation are revealed, as well as tools for checking the completeness and validity of the evidence system are identified and characterized. In conclusion, the technology developed by the author for substantiating and making tactical decisions is characterized.

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Jeong, Dong Hee, et Chan Hee Lee. « Interpretation of the Pigments Analysis and Coloration Techniques for Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva Painting within the Myengbujeon Hall in Namwon Seonwonsa Temple, Korea ». Journal of Conservation Science 39, n^o 3 (20 septembre 2023) : 269–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2023.39.3.09.

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The Ksitigarbha Bodhisattva Painting of Myeongbujeon Hall in Namwon Seonwonsa temple was painted in 1917 by seven monk painters including Geumeo Manchong, Sango and Haengeun. In the painting, Korean National Flag (Taegeukgi), a trace of anti-Japanese movement that had been hidden under suppression during the invaded by the Japanese period, was found on the surface of official wooden hat in Sixth King (Byeonseongdaewang). Elements of Pb, S and Si were commonly detected by the P-XRF of the painting pigments to be analyzed, which was estimated the characteristics of the Sinamchae made by mixing colored metal oxides and glass powder, and data were secured. As the optial microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and SEM-EDS analysis show that black is chinese ink and lampblack ink, white is lead hydroxide and chalk, gold is gold foil, yellow is iron oxide yellow, massicot and gamboge, red is cinnaba, iron hydroxide and minium, green is emerald green, blue is ultramarine, respectively. As the infrared photography, various coloring techniques and traces of several overlapping for completeness were found. A comprehensive considerations of these shows that various coloring techniques with back, bottom and middle colorations were used. The Taegeuk pattern is interpreted as making a circle shape with a minium and painting with emerald green over it.

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Alekseev, Anton O., et Grigori G. Amosov. « On extension of the family of projections to positive operator-valued measure ». Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Mathematics. Mechanics. Astronomy 10, n^o 1 (2023) : 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu01.2023.101.

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The problem of constructing a measure on a discrete set X taking values in a positive cone of bounded operators in a Hilbert space is considered. It is assumed that a projectionvalued function defined on a subset of X0 of the original set X is initially given. The aim of the study is to find such a scalar measure μ on the set X and the continuation of a projector-valued function from X0 to X, which results in an operator-valued measure having a projector-valued density relative to μ. In general, the problem is solved for |X| = 4 and |X0| = 2. As an example, we consider a function on X0 that takes values in a set of projections on coherent states. For this case, the question of the information completeness of the measurement determined by the constructed measure is investigated. In other words, is it possible to reconstruct a quantum state (a positive unit trace operator) from the values of the matrix trace from the product of a measure with a quantum state. It is shown that for the constructed measure it is possible to restore the quantum state only if it is a projection. A restriction on the probability distribution is also found, at which it can be obtained as a result of measuring a certain quantum state.

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Lee, Seunghye. « What Was in the “Precious Casket Seal” ? : Material Culture of the Karaṇḍamudrā Dhāraṇī throughout Medieval Maritime Asia ». Religions 12, n^o 1 (24 décembre 2020) : 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12010013.

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Material evidence from late medieval China attests that Buddhist of the Wuyue kingdom and Liao empire participated in the pan-Buddhist practice of dhāraṇīs and, more specifically, the cult of textual relics. What formed the basis of the cult is the Sūtra of theDhāraṇī of the Precious Casket Seal of the Concealed Complete-body Relics of the Essence of All Tathāgatas. I argue that the rhetoric of completeness, which is brought to the fore in the sutra’s title and reiterated throughout the text, lay at the heart of the success that it achieved. I trace the transfer of the text from South Asia to East Asia along the maritime routes, while closely examining designs and material forms, and various structuring contexts of the text. By doing so, I contribute to the scholarship on the cult of dhāraṇīs as relics of the dharma across Buddhist Asia.

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Grewe, V., E. Tsati et P. Hoor. « On the attribution of contributions of atmospheric trace gases to emissions in atmospheric model applications ». Geoscientific Model Development 3, n^o 2 (12 octobre 2010) : 487–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-3-487-2010.

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Abstract. We present an improved tagging method, which describes the combined effect of emissions of various species from individual emission categories, e.g. the impact of both, nitrogen oxides and non-methane hydrocarbon emissions on ozone. This method is applied to two simplified chemistry schemes, which represent the main characteristics of atmospheric ozone chemistry. Analytical solutions are presented for this tagging approach. In the past, besides tagging approaches, sensitivity methods were used, which estimate the contributions from individual sources based on differences in two simulations, a base case and a simulation with a perturbation in the respective emission category. We apply both methods to our simplified chemical systems and demonstrate that potentially large errors (factor of 2) occur with the sensitivity method, which depend on the degree of linearity of the chemical system. This error depends on two factors, the ability to linearise the chemical system around a base case, and second the completeness of the contributions, which means that all contributions should principally add up to 100%. For some chemical regimes the first error can be minimised by employing only small perturbations of the respective emission, e.g. 5%. The second factor depends on the chemical regime and cannot be minimized by a specific experimental set-up. It is inherent to the sensitivity method. Since a complete tagging algorithm for global chemistry models is difficult to achieve, we present two error metrics, which can be applied for sensitivity methods in order to estimate the potential error of this approach for a specific application.

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Dzagurov, B. A., V. I. Eremenko, A. G. Karlov, M. A. Payukhina et V. N. Suvorova. « The effect of bentonite feeding for young cattle on the exchange of nitrogen, mineral elements and the digestibility of diet nutrients ». E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021) : 08028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125408028.

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The completeness of animal nutrition rations in terms of the content of minerals is considered one of the conditions for balanced feeding, since their lack in the diet often leads to metabolic process disorder among animals, which reduces growth and development, productivity, disturbs reproductive ability, and develops endemic diseases. Currently, for the partial compensation of trace mineral deficiency in the diets of use mineral substances of natural origin. One of such sources is bentonite clay of the Zamankul deposit. Taking into account the significant increase of the economically useful traits among young cattle identified in our studies when feeding with bentonite, substantiated by physiological studies, we performed research to study the exchange of nitrogen, mineral elements and the digestibility of nutrients in the body of 9 - 18-month-old cattle of the Simmental breed for fattening at the farm “Kaloev”, stanitsa Zmeyskaya, North Ossetia-Alania. Studies have established the digestibility of nutrient increase in the feed ration from 1.8 to 3.5%, a significantly greater retention of nitrogenous substances in the body of animals fed with bentonite - by 8.2%, a significant improvement of mineral element use in the feed.

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Tan, Chengwei. « Research on the Path of Sports Sociology Curriculum from the Interdisciplinary Perspective ». Mobile Information Systems 2022 (9 mai 2022) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3415257.

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Under the premise of emphasizing interdisciplinary learning and reference, the sociology of sports course from an interdisciplinary perspective needs to trace the historical trajectory of the interactive development of the sociology of sports course and other disciplines and grasp the law of the cross-development of the sociology of sports course and other disciplines. This study uses an interdisciplinary approach to demonstrate the need for interdisciplinary research in sports science in China, based on the overall concept of complexity of sports, completeness of sports science, the intersection of sports science research, and interdisciplinary needs of sports scientific research innovation. The innovation ability is taken as the research object, and the important influencing aspects of sports scientific research innovation ability are investigated. An index system of sports scientific research innovation ability is developed, and qualitative research is applied to examine the impact of interdisciplinary research on sports scientific research innovation. The impact of ability is exposed by quantitative analysis to explore the association between the relevant factors in scientific research innovation ability and carefully understand the important role of interdisciplinary research in Chinese sports scientific research innovation.

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Knorr, W., V. Lehsten et A. Arneth. « Determinants and predictability of global wildfire emissions ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, n^o 2 (6 février 2012) : 4243–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-4243-2012.

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Abstract. Biomass burning is one of the largest sources of atmospheric trace gases and aerosols globally. These emissions have a major impact on the radiative balance of the atmosphere and on air quality, and are thus of significant scientific and societal interest. Several datasets have been developed that quantify those emissions on a global grid and offered to the atmospheric modelling community. However, no study has yet attempted to systematically quantify the dependence of the inferred pyrogenic emissions on underlying assumptions and input data. Such a sensitivity study is needed for understanding how well we can currently model those emissions and what the factors are that contribute to uncertainties in those emissions estimates. Here, we combine various satellite-derived burned area products, a terrestrial ecosystem model to simulate fuel loads and the effect of fire on ecosystem dynamics, a model of fuel combustion, and various emission models that relate combusted biomass to the emission of various trace gases and aerosols. We vary one key parameter of a simple fuel combustion model, the emission model, and the burned area product and assess its impact on the computed emissions fields and their uncertainties. We find that choice of burned area data set has by far the largest impact on interannual variability of simulated emissions. For total global emissions, burned area and combustion completeness have the largest impact on emissions for most species. We conclude that reliable information on burned area is key for accurately modelling spatial and interannual variations of wildfire emissions, but uncertainties about the combustion process have a similar impact on the magnitude of global emission estimates. The results are important for chemical transport modelling studies, and for simulations of biomass burning impacts on the atmosphere under future climate change scenarios.

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Kalashnikova, E. A., et V. M. Glushak. « PHONOSTYLISTIC VARIABILITY OF COMMENTING IN A GERMAN SPORTS REPORT ». Philology at MGIMO 20, n^o 4 (20 décembre 2019) : 16–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2019-4-20-16-21.

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The article is devoted to the variation of pronunciation depending on the stylistic features of oral texts. Phonostylistic means act as significant indicators of variation of the pronunciation norm. One of the genres in which the dependence of the change in phonetic-prosodic means on the nature of extralinguistic parameters is clearly traced is sports commentary. The focus of the study is the degree to which articulation clarity is implemented at various stages of commenting. When conducting phonostylistic studies, it is advisable to take into consideration three degrees of articulation clarity: very high, medium-high, and reduced. At each stage of a sports competition commentators form a certain psychophysiological state that affects the clarity of articulation. The article provides an audit analysis at the segmental level, which helps to trace the completeness of the implementation of sounds and their variation in various phases of building a sports report. As a rule, in any sports report four phases can be distinguished that describe fragments that are not saturated with struggle, phases of active rivalry, victory and defeat. As indicators of the segmented level of speech we consider the implementation of a solid attack at the beginning of a word and syllable, the implementation of the longitude of a vowel in an stressed syllable, the implementation of aspiration of deaf sensory-explosive consonants “p”, “t”, “k”, the implementation of “r” in a closed syllable in a position after a short vowel, the implementation of a reduced vowel “e” in finite syllables, realization of the final consonant “t”. Phonostylistic changes are due to the psychophysiological reaction of the speaker to the actions of the athletes at the time they show strong-willed efforts to achieve victory or, conversely, when the course of the competition changes, when the favorites do not justify the hopes placed on them.

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Binbelov, Kamen. « Football Fans Antisocial Acts during The First League Matches in Season 2022/2023 and Bulgarian Football Union’s Sanctions ». Strategies for Policy in Science and Education-Strategii na Obrazovatelnata i Nauchnata Politika 31, n^o 5s (25 septembre 2023) : 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.53656/str2023-5s-8-foo.

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The football hooliganism matter has been a problem of the present day in our society for quite a lot of years. But the already frequent acts of violence at the stadiums lately in our country make the matter topical. The purpose of study is to trace the security issues during the matches of the First League 2022/2023. To analyze the stewards' role at the stadiums and how far they can deal with the acts of violence. The sanctions, which the Bulgarian Football Union imposed on all 16 teams of the elite division, will be presented in a table view. In the study, a connection will be searched for between the teams’ positions in the final ranking and their classification in terms for imposed sanctions for acts of violence on behalf of their fans. In the report, the matter of the regulatory base will be discussed as well, and to what degree the Regulation for Championships and Tournaments of the BFU meets in its completeness the imposing of penalties and sanctions for the various offenses. The topicality of the studied matter in the prepared report is due to the fact that data will be provided from the season, which just ended.

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Stepaniuk, R. L., et V. O. Husieva. « Investigation of criminal offences against property : typical investigative situations and problems of applying specialised knowledge ». Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 101, n^o 2 (P. 1) (2 juillet 2023) : 261–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2023.2.24.

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During the period of the martial law regime, the legal system of Ukraine has undergone certain changes, as well as quantitative and qualitative indicators of crime. This has led to the fact that some criminal offences have become a significant part of the crime structure and have therefore become the focus of professional attention of law enforcement agencies. These include, inter alia, criminal offences against property, including theft, robbery, assault, extortion, fraud, misappropriation, embezzlement or misappropriation of property through abuse of office, and more. This has highlighted the need to ensure effective counteraction to such criminal offences. It has been substantiated that the basis of any forensic methodology for investigating a particular type or group of criminal offences is the proposed algorithms for solving tactical tasks of the initial stage of investigation in typical investigative situations, as well as the specifics of conducting the most relevant procedural actions and forms of using special knowledge for the relevant type or group of criminal offences. Typical investigative situations of the initial stage of investigation of criminal offences against property have been analysed. It has been established that the grounds for classification of investigative situations at the initial stage of investigation of criminal offences against property may be as follows: 1) availability and completeness of information about the person who committed the criminal offence; 2) prospects for using the factor of surprise in the conditions prevailing at the time of the beginning of the pre-trial investigation; 3) completeness of the available information about the criminal offence event. It has been noted that such an approach does not exclude the possibility of using other criteria, which in some cases may be of auxiliary importance in the construction of methodological and forensic recommendations. Based on the study of criminal proceedings, typical forensic examinations which are appointed in the course of investigation of criminal offences against property have been identified. It has been established that these include commodity, trace, fingerprint, portrait, molecular genetic, video and sound recording examinations. It has been identified the problematic issues arising in the course of their appointment, and recommendations have been formulated to eliminate the latter and improve the efficiency of implementation of this procedural form of use of special knowledge.

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Ganty, Pierre, Francesco Ranzato et Pedro Valero. « Complete Abstractions for Checking Language Inclusion ». ACM Transactions on Computational Logic 22, n^o 4 (31 octobre 2021) : 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3462673.

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We study the language inclusion problem L 1 ⊆ L 2 , where L 1 is regular or context-free. Our approach relies on abstract interpretation and checks whether an overapproximating abstraction of L 1 , obtained by approximating the Kleene iterates of its least fixpoint characterization, is included in L 2 . We show that a language inclusion problem is decidable whenever this overapproximating abstraction satisfies a completeness condition (i.e., its loss of precision causes no false alarm) and prevents infinite ascending chains (i.e., it guarantees termination of least fixpoint computations). This overapproximating abstraction of languages can be defined using quasiorder relations on words, where the abstraction gives the language of all the words “greater than or equal to” a given input word for that quasiorder. We put forward a range of such quasiorders that allow us to systematically design decision procedures for different language inclusion problems, such as regular languages into regular languages or into trace sets of one-counter nets, and context-free languages into regular languages. In the case of inclusion between regular languages, some of the induced inclusion checking procedures correspond to well-known state-of-the-art algorithms, like the so-called antichain algorithms. Finally, we provide an equivalent language inclusion checking algorithm based on a greatest fixpoint computation that relies on quotients of languages and, to the best of our knowledge, was not previously known.

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Dolgorouky, C., V. Gros, R. Sarda-Esteve, V. Sinha, J. Williams, N. Marchand, S. Sauvage, L. Poulain, J. Sciare et B. Bonsang. « Total OH reactivity measurements in Paris during the 2010 MEGAPOLI winter campaign ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 12, n^o 4 (27 avril 2012) : 10937–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-12-10937-2012.

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Abstract. Hydroxyl radicals play a central role in the troposphere as they control the lifetime of many trace gases. Measurement of OH reactivity (OH loss rate) is important to better constrain the OH budget and also to evaluate the completeness of measured VOC budget. Total atmospheric OH reactivity was measured for the first time in an European Megacity: Paris and its surrounding areas with 12 million inhabitants, during the MEGAPOLI winter campaign 2010. The method deployed was the Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The measured dataset contains both measured and calculated OH reactivity from CO, NOx and VOCs measured via PTR-MS, GC-FID and GC-MS instruments. The reactivities observed in Paris covered a range from 10 s−1 to 130 s−1, indicating a large loading of chemical reactants. The present study showed that, when clean marine air masses influenced Paris, the purely local OH reactivity (20 s−1) is well explained by the measured species. Nevertheless, when there is a continental import of air masses, high levels of OH reactivity were obtained (120–130 s−1) and the missing OH reactivity measured in this case jumped to 75%. Using covariations of the missing OH reactivity to secondary inorganic species in fine aerosols, we suggest that the missing OH reactants were most likely highly oxidized compounds issued from photochemically processed air masses of anthropogenic origin.

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Dolgorouky, C., V. Gros, R. Sarda-Esteve, V. Sinha, J. Williams, N. Marchand, S. Sauvage, L. Poulain, J. Sciare et B. Bonsang. « Total OH reactivity measurements in Paris during the 2010 MEGAPOLI winter campaign ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, n^o 20 (22 octobre 2012) : 9593–612. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-9593-2012.

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Abstract. Hydroxyl radicals play a central role in the troposphere as they control the lifetime of many trace gases. Measurement of OH reactivity (OH loss rate) is important to better constrain the OH budget and also to evaluate the completeness of measured VOC budget. Total atmospheric OH reactivity was measured for the first time in an European Megacity: Paris and its surrounding areas with 12 million inhabitants, during the MEGAPOLI winter campaign 2010. The method deployed was the Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The measured dataset contains both measured and calculated OH reactivity from CO, NOx and VOCs measured via PTR-MS, GC-FID and GC-MS instruments. The reactivities observed in Paris covered a range from 10 s−1 to 130 s−1, indicating a large loading of chemical reactants. The present study showed that, when clean marine air masses influenced Paris, the purely local OH reactivity (20 s−1) is well explained by the measured species. Nevertheless, when there is a continental import of air masses, high levels of OH reactivity were obtained (120–130 s−1) and the missing OH reactivity measured in this case jumped to 75%. Using covariations of the missing OH reactivity to secondary inorganic species in fine aerosols, we suggest that the missing OH reactants were most likely highly oxidized compounds issued from photochemically processed air masses of anthropogenic origin.

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Kotova, Tatiana, et Svetlana Malkhazova. « Atlas cancer mapping abroad ». InterCarto. InterGIS 28, n^o 2 (2022) : 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.35595/2414-9179-2022-2-28-244-260.

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To assess the state and prospects for the development of cancer mapping in Russia, country and world experience in the preparation of cartographic works on cancer topics is useful. For this purpose, an attempt was made to trace the development of cancer mapping on the example of foreign atlas works and some publications on their review. National (Australian Cancer Atlas, Taiwan cancer map, Canadian Cancer Incidence Atlas, etc.) and world (The Cancer Atlas, Global burden of cancer women, Global Atlas of Palliative Care at the End of Life, etc.) atlases are presented. They deserve attention in terms of promoting the content and methodological side of cancer mapping, as well as expanding their functionality. The review of atlases reflects the diversity of approaches to their development, the differences in the indicators used, and the prevailing trends in the presentation of results for solving the problems facing medicine and society. The concept of “burden” is the basis of the concept of a significant part of the atlases. It covers various aspects of the manifestation of cancer (from medical to socio-economic) and is displayed in atlases, depending on their purpose, with varying degrees of completeness. From studying the spatio-temporal spread of cancer, atlas studies are moving on to building and testing hypotheses about the factors and determinants of cancer on the basis of a variety of synergies of natural, social, economic, environmental, behavioral and other features.

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Basir, Nur'aina, Budi Hartono, Aldiga Rienarti Abidin, Endang Purnawati Rahayu et Abdur Rahman Hamid. « ANALYSIS OF MANAGEMENT ELEMENTS AND MEDICAL RECORD PROCESSING SYSTEM AT BHAYANGKARA HOSPITAL PEKANBARU ». Indonesian Journal of Public Health 17, n^o 3 (4 novembre 2022) : 462–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijph.v17i3.2022.462-476.

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Introduction: Processing of medical records in hospitals is to support the achievement of administrative order in order to achieve the goals of the hospital, namely improving the quality of health services in hospitals. The results of preliminary observations in processing medical record files at Bhayangkara Hospital were that there were several obstacles including the not yet done assembling, indexing and analyzing medical records and delays in returning medical record files. The aim this study was to determine the elements of man, money, methods, materials, machines in the medical record processing system at Bhayangkara Hospital to improve the quality of medical record services at the hospital. Methods: Qualitative Research and informants: This study amounted to eight people. The number of human resources is insufficient and have never attended training. Standard operating procedures have never been socialized and existing policies need improvement. Result: Coding activities are often constrained by doctors' writing and completeness of diagnoses and medical actions. Retrieval activities are often constrained by medical record files that are still in the inpatient room and in the case mix room. Conclusion: Overall from the research results, the implementation of medical record processing is not appropriate and must be regulated according to existing guidelines in order to produce medical records that are accurate, readily available, usable, easy to trace back and have complete information so as to create quality information and it is recommended to use electronic medical records.

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Baggenstos, Daniel, Thomas K. Bauska, Jeffrey P. Severinghaus, James E. Lee, Hinrich Schaefer, Christo Buizert, Edward J. Brook, Sarah Shackleton et Vasilii V. Petrenko. « Atmospheric gas records from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, reveal ancient ice with ages spanning the entire last glacial cycle ». Climate of the Past 13, n^o 7 (20 juillet 2017) : 943–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-943-2017.

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Abstract. Old ice for paleo-environmental studies, traditionally accessed through deep core drilling on domes and ridges on the large ice sheets, can also be retrieved at the surface from ice sheet margins and blue ice areas. The practically unlimited amount of ice available at these sites satisfies a need in the community for studies of trace components requiring large sample volumes. For margin sites to be useful as ancient ice archives, the ice stratigraphy needs to be understood and age models need to be established. We present measurements of trapped gases in ice from Taylor Glacier, Antarctica, to date the ice and assess the completeness of the stratigraphic section. Using δ18O of O2 and methane concentrations, we unambiguously identify ice from the last glacial cycle, covering every climate interval from the early Holocene to the penultimate interglacial. A high-resolution transect reveals the last deglaciation and the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in detail. We observe large-scale deformation in the form of folding, but individual stratigraphic layers do not appear to have undergone irregular thinning. Rather, it appears that the entire LGM–deglaciation sequence has been transported from the interior of the ice sheet to the surface of Taylor Glacier relatively undisturbed. We present an age model that builds the foundation for gas studies on Taylor Glacier. A comparison with the Taylor Dome ice core confirms that the section we studied on Taylor Glacier is better suited for paleo-climate reconstructions of the LGM due to higher accumulation rates.

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Thames, Alexander B., William H. Brune, David O. Miller, Hannah M. Allen, Eric C. Apel, Donald R. Blake, T. Paul Bui et al. « Missing OH reactivity in the global marine boundary layer ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, n^o 6 (2 avril 2020) : 4013–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-4013-2020.

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Abstract. The hydroxyl radical (OH) reacts with thousands of chemical species in the atmosphere, initiating their removal and the chemical reaction sequences that produce ozone, secondary aerosols, and gas-phase acids. OH reactivity, which is the inverse of OH lifetime, influences the OH abundance and the ability of OH to cleanse the atmosphere. The NASA Atmospheric Tomography (ATom) campaign used instruments on the NASA DC-8 aircraft to measure OH reactivity and more than 100 trace chemical species. ATom presented a unique opportunity to test the completeness of the OH reactivity calculated from the chemical species measurements by comparing it to the measured OH reactivity over two oceans across four seasons. Although the calculated OH reactivity was below the limit of detection for the ATom instrument used to measure OH reactivity throughout much of the free troposphere, the instrument was able to measure the OH reactivity in and just above the marine boundary layer. The mean measured value of OH reactivity in the marine boundary layer across all latitudes and all ATom deployments was 1.9 s−1, which is 0.5 s−1 larger than the mean calculated OH reactivity. The missing OH reactivity, the difference between the measured and calculated OH reactivity, varied between 0 and 3.5 s−1, with the highest values over the Northern Hemisphere Pacific Ocean. Correlations of missing OH reactivity with formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfide, butanal, and sea surface temperature suggest the presence of unmeasured or unknown volatile organic compounds or oxygenated volatile organic compounds associated with ocean emissions.

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Hammam, Hammam. « Analysis of Chicken Cutting Practices in RPA (Chicken Cut House) Kamal BangkalanBases Reviewed from the LPPOM MUI Halal Guarantee System ». Proceeding of Annual Conference on Islamic Economy and Law 1, n^o 2 (18 août 2022) : 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/aciel.v1i2.92.

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Slaughtering livestock before consumption is one of the most important things and becomes a critical point because animals that are slaughtered are not in the name of Allah and do not fit into sharia into law to be eaten. Trace and explain the practice of slaughtering poultry in the field part of halal guarantee in order to save humanity in general from consuming unseen and halal meat, because it consumes foster meat (safe, healthy, whole and halal) part of the Islamic shariat's order in concept halalanthoyyiban. The data collection technique in this study using several methods with the aim that the data obtained is valid, which includes in-depth interviews (dept interviews) and observation. After all necessary data can be collected, the author will then process the data through the Editing steps, i.e. re-examine data collected carefully in terms of completeness and relevance to problems and organizing, i.e. compiling various data obtained to produce the material needed to prepare research reports. The results of this study indicate that out of a total of 31 statemen in the internal audit questionnaire, at least it can be narrated that the points that meet the criteria have 21 sub-statements, while there are no answers (no answer) there are 10 statements. This means that in terms of slaughtering and slaughtering the Kawanua Broiler chicken only meets 50 percent of the standard criteria for halal slaughter by LPPOM MUI, while the remaining 50 percent have not met or have not followed the SJH LPPOM MUI standard

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Han, Xiaolong, Andrew Hassell, Hamid Hezari et Steve Zelditch. « Completeness of boundary traces of eigenfunctions ». Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society 111, n^o 3 (septembre 2015) : 749–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/plms/pdv018.

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Smoliar, Inessa, et Lesia Turovska. « Transformation of library and information services in terms of remote service ». Вісник Книжкової палати, n^o 3 (13 mars 2020) : 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2020.3(284).17-20.

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The article addresses the problems faced by the modern library in remote reader service. By accumulating your own electronic information resources, forming electronic information products (ECs, DBs, electronic exhibitions, etc.) based on them, does the book collection ensure the completeness and quality of library information services? Topical domestic and foreign librarians, who are included in the source of their research, are taking care of this issue. The article focuses on the work of the VNLU scientists, who trace the evolution of the scientific library as a component of the world information infrastructure and join the formation of a global information space by radically changing approaches to organizing library activity. In analyzing library studies, the authors note the lack of a common point of view, divergence and lack of sound policy on the problems of online transformation of the library environment, and substantiate the need to identify and systematize all existing forms and methods of remote service and substantiate the need for their integration on a single methodological and methodological platform. In terms of library practice, the authors highlight a number of existing contradictions between traditional and innovative forms and methods of library and information services. The levers of overcoming these contradictions, in their opinion, are the development of uniform methodological principles of library and information support in terms of remote service; conducting market research to gain an objective assessment of remote service performance from the perspective of key stakeholders — remote users; the construction of an algorithm, adaptive model and, finally, a slim system of library and information support for remote readers under remote service conditions.

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Komovskaya, Elena Vital'evna. « Two-part infinitive, one-part, and infrequent communicative metamodels ». Филология : научные исследования, n^o 1 (janvier 2022) : 95–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0749.2022.1.35119.

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The subject of this research is the communicative metamodels as minimal units of syntax, which combine formal abstract expression and necessary communicative meaning. The article provides their classification, lists the differences from minimal and extended structural schemes. The object of this research is the two-part infinitive, one-part, and infrequent metamodels. Separate attention is given to the two-part metamodels of non-infinitive type. Analysis is conducted on polypredicativity of syntactic units of the modern Russian language, which despite being similar to a simple sentence, do not have a communicative completeness. This article aims to comprehend this phenomenon. Special attention is paid to abstract generalized models that are able to fully convey the communicative meaning. An attempt is made to trace the connection of syntaxes within the specific speech patterns. The scientific novelty lies in determination of speech patterns in communication and their hierarchy. Each universal metamodel is viewed from the perspective of its communicative polypredicativity. The author’s special contribution consists in creation of communicative patterns based on the abstract minimal and extended schemes, as well as constitutive distributor that is crucial for communication. The main conclusions lie in the following: 1) in introduction of the concept of metamodel as the element of syntax, which combines the formal content on the level of high abstractness and communicative meaning through introduction of the constitutive potential distributor into the scheme; 2) division of communicative metamodels into two-part non-infinitive, two-part infinitive, one-part, infrequent, based on the predicativity/non-predicativity; 3) determination of invariants in communication of the indicated models depending on the sequence order of structure elements and potential constitutive distributors.

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Ramazanov, Arsen Sh, David R. Ataev et Miyasat A. Kasparov. « OBTAINING HIGH QUALITY LITHIUM CARBONATE FROM NATURAL LITHIUM-CONTAINING BRINES ». IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 64, n^o 4 (11 avril 2021) : 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216404.6238.

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The aim of this work is to develop a new effective technology for producing high-quality lithium carbonate from natural lithium-containing brines. Freshly deposited aluminum hydroxide was used to separate lithium from the trace amounts of sodium and calcium. It was found that the completeness of lithium extraction from brines purified from magnesium depends on the sorbent dosage, phase contact time, mineralization, pH, and brine temperature. To extract lithium from brines with a mineralization of less than 100 g/dm3, it is necessary to introduce 4 mol of aluminum hydroxide per 1 mol of lithium in the brine. For brines with a mineralization greater than 200 g/dm3, the consumption of the sorbent providing the extraction of lithium more than 96% is 2.5 mol of aluminum hydroxide. Desorption of lithium chloride from lithium-aluminum concentrate is carried out by processing 4-5 canopies of concentrate in a Soxlet type apparatus with the same volume of distilled water. The resulting concentrated solution of lithium chloride is purified from calcium impurities in contact with a saturated solution of lithium carbonate. From a heated aqueous solution of lithium chloride purified from calcium impurities, lithium carbonate is precipitated by dosing a stoichiometric amount of a saturated solution of sodium carbonate into it. The precipitate of lithium carbonate is separated from the mother solution, washed with three portions of a saturated solution of lithium carbonate at a ratio of solid to liquid by weight equal to one to five, in order of decreasing the concentration of sodium in each portion of the wash water. The dried product contains at least 99.6% Li2CO3.

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Kuchner, Ulrike, Alfonso Aragón-Salamanca, Frazer R. Pearce, Meghan E. Gray, Agustín Rost, Chunliang Mu, Charlotte Welker et al. « Mapping and characterization of cosmic filaments in galaxy cluster outskirts : strategies and forecasts for observations from simulations ». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, n^o 4 (23 avril 2020) : 5473–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1083.

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ABSTRACT Upcoming wide-field surveys are well suited to studying the growth of galaxy clusters by tracing galaxy and gas accretion along cosmic filaments. We use hydrodynamic simulations of volumes surrounding 324 clusters from The ThreeHundred project to develop a framework for identifying and characterizing these filamentary structures and associating galaxies with them. We define three-dimensional reference filament networks reaching 5R200 based on the underlying gas distribution and quantify their recovery using mock galaxy samples mimicking observations such as those of the WEAVE Wide-Field Cluster Survey. Since massive galaxies trace filaments, they are best recovered by mass-weighting galaxies or imposing a bright limit (e.g. >L*) on their selection. We measure the transverse gas density profile of filaments, derive a characteristic filament radius of ≃ 0.7–1 h−1Mpc, and use this to assign galaxies to filaments. For different filament extraction methods, we find that at R > R200, ∼15–$20{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of galaxies with M* > 3 × 109M⊙ are in filaments, increasing to $\sim 60{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ for galaxies more massive than the Milky Way. The fraction of galaxies in filaments is independent of cluster mass and dynamical state and is a function of cluster-centric distance, increasing from ∼13 per cent at 5R200 to ∼21 per cent at 1.5R200. As a bridge to the design of observational studies, we measure the purity and completeness of different filament galaxy selection strategies. Encouragingly, the overall three-dimensional filament networks and ∼67 per cent of the galaxies associated with them are recovered from two-dimensional galaxy positions.

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Prashcheruk, Natalia V. « Ivan Bunin’s Attraction : The Formation of a Creative Personality ». Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 22, n^o 4 (202) (2020) : 224–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2020.22.4.073.

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This article examines Ivan Bunin’s early work Attraction (1897), whose complete version was first published in 2019. The author demonstrates that the story features a number of attributes related to the portrayal of characters, plot organisation, chronotope, narration, and intertextuality, all of which help compare the young writer’s style with his later works, understand the patterns of his style’s evolution, and trace the genesis of Bunin’s original artistic philosophy and writing manner. The first chapter is a classical exposition and not only is it an example of well-learned lessons of Russian literature, but it also unveils the author’s creative search. It is characterised by compositional completeness, contains a prequel of the main story and a description of the main character, and sets the main plot lines. The first chapter is already indicative of the writer’s style / narrative strategy, which unites lyrical and epic aspects on the one hand and has features of a unique identity on the other. From there on, the writer builds his narrative based on the “manor text” of Russian literature, focuses his attention on the most important features of the text (such as the motif of silence), complementing them with new tonal and semantic shades, and an emphasised and even excessive substantivity of description. The characters’ psychological attributes are original too. Their system and order are akin to the traditional love triangle pattern complicated, however, by depicting the lead character surrounded by female characters, which, aside from the “manor text”, connects this story with Natalie. A wide variety of literary sources as well as the inaccuracy of citation show the future writer’s tendency to “rewriting” quotes, which was to become an important factor of conceptualisation of the author’s thought in Bunin’s creative work. The analysis of the story also shows that the aspiring writer felt free and organically fit the world of Russian literature.

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Ihara, Yutaka, Mamoru Doi, Tomoki Morokuma, Raynald Pain, Naohiro Takanashi, Naoki Yasuda, Greg Aldering et al. « A rate study of Type Ia supernovae with Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey ». Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S262 (août 2009) : 358–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310003224.

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AbstractWe present a measurement of the rate of high-z Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) using multi-epoch observations of Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF) with Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. Although SNe Ia are regarded as a standard candle, progenitor systems of SNe Ia have not been resolved yet. One of the key parameters to show the progenitor systems by observations is the delay time distribution between the binary system formation and subsequent SN explosion. Recently, a wide range of delay time is studied by SN Ia rates compared with an assumed cosmic star formation history. If SNe Ia with short delay time are dominant, the cosmic SN Ia rate evolution should closely trace that of the cosmic star formation. In order to detect a lot of high-z SNe Ia and measure SN Ia rates, we repeatedly carried out wide and deep imaging observations in the í-band with Suprime-Cam in 2002 (FoV~1 deg2, mi < 25.5 mag). We obtained detailed light curves of the variable objects, and 50 objects are classified as SNe Ia using the light curve fitting method at the redshift range of 0.2 < z < 1.3. In order to check the completeness and contamination of the light curve classification method, we performed Monte Carlo simulations and generated ~100,000 light curves of SNe Ia and II from templates. The control time and detection efficiency of the SN survey are also calculated using the artificial light curves. We derived an increasing trend of rates at around z ~ 1.2. Our results are almost consistent with other SN Ia rate results from low-z to high-z. Our results are the first results of high-z SN Ia rates with large statistics using light curves obtained by ground based telescopes, and give us visions of the SN rate studies for the future.

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Wu, Chih-Fu, Hsiang-Ping Wu, Yung-Hsiang Tu et I.-Ting Yeh. « 3D Pen Tactile Pictures Generated by Individuals with Visual Impairments ». Journal of Visual Impairment & ; Blindness 114, n^o 5 (septembre 2020) : 382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x20954759.

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Introduction: Individuals with visual impairments acquire information about objects through touch and by use of auxiliary tactile pictures. The current study introduced a new three-dimensional (3D) printing pen technology as a research tool to allow individuals with visual impairments to convert tactile experiences to convex tactile pictures. Methods: Participants with visual impairments used a 3D pen to draw pictures of daily necessities. The actions and time related to the entire drawing activity were recorded on video. Results: We noted three behaviors during the use of 3D pen: drawing, touching the trace lines, and finding location points. The object-depiction angle, component-completeness description, and drawing-line presentation differed between subjects with congenital and those with acquired blindness. Discussion: Individuals with congenital blindness depicted objects mainly from an operational angle, and those with acquired blindness from the angle of the object when laid flat. When the components of an object were relatively complex, the subjects with congenital blindness only drew local features in contact with their bodies and with continuous line segments, and those with acquired blindness used discontinuous line segments. Participants were satisfied that the 3D printing pen could touch the drawing path in time and that they could use the “piling” feature to create positioning marks or planar expressions. Implications for practitioners: Students can be instructed to use 3D pens to draw (lines, planes, and objects) to enhance the communication between teachers and students and improve teaching efficiency. Regarding the design of tactile pictures, the parts that come in contact with the body during object use can be considered the reference features of the pictures. For large pictures, attention should be paid to the size ratio between the outline and components. For small pictures, one should consider how the operational feature details should be shown at approximately the original size.

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Borshchuk, Evgeniy L., Dmitriy N. Begun et Aislu N. Duisembaeva. « Regional experience in the management of mortality monitoring ». HEALTH CARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 67, n^o 2 (28 avril 2023) : 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0044-197x-2023-67-2-111-117.

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The article describes the module “Medical certificate of death” of the medical information system of the Orenburg region. The article describes the results of operational monitoring of mortality in the Orenburg region. The purpose is to analyze the results of monitoring mortality from all causes in the Orenburg region. Materials and methods. A comprehensive analysis of the deaths registered in the Orenburg region in 2019 and 2020 was made. For this purpose, the depersonalized database of medical death certificates of the mortality monitoring system of the MIAC of the Orenburg region was used. The results were evaluated using parametric and nonparametric methods. Results and discussions. The absolute number of deaths increased by 26% in 2020 compared to 2019. The maximum increase in mortality occurred in the class of “Respiratory diseases”. The leader in the absolute number of deaths with an increase of 40.5% was “Diseases of the circulatory system”. In general, the database does not trace the existence of a logical chain between the initial and immediate causes of death. In 78.67% of all causes of death according to medical certificates, the class of the original cause is not established. Limitations. The research materials are limited by the capabilities and completeness of the database of medical death certificates of the MIAC mortality monitoring system. Conclusions. The main part of the indicators in the structure due to the initial cause of death is associated with unspecified and unassigned conditions. A large proportion of causes of death where the class is not established are due to non-compliance with the ICD-10 coding rules for coding causes of death and choosing the original cause of death. There is no clear expert system of immediate and initial causes of death.

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Ivanenko, Olena. « Etymology and Historiography of the Ukrainian Headscarf as an Element of National Dress ». Demiurge : Ideas, Technologies, Perspectives of Design 4, n^o 2 (13 décembre 2021) : 254–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31866/2617-7951.4.2.2021.246847.

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The purpose of the article is to find out the peculiarities of headscarves functioning in the late 19th – early 20th centuries as an element of women’s national dress, to identify general and specific characteristics of their manufacturing and methods of tying, to find out the etymology of the word "headscarf", to trace its relationship with the concept of "ubrus" and others similar in meaning. Research methodology. Using a comparative-historical method, we have explored the etymology of concepts related to Ukrainian women’s headwear. Using a historical-typological method, a cultural and art analysis of the study has been conducted. Scientific novelty. The etymology of significant concepts of Ukrainian headwear, namely "ubrus", "headscarf" and others, is thoroughly studied. Their characteristic features in different regions of Ukraine are noted. The methods of tying headscarves from the 19th to the early 20th century are analysed and presented, the characteristics of their production and distribution in the counties of Poltava province are marked. It is proved that in Poltava province at the end of the 19th century, there were two main ways of tying headscarves simultaneously: in the counties of the north-western part of the province, the method of tying a headscarf with a knot on the top of the head was common, and in the eastern part – with a knot on the neck. Conclusions. Everyday women’s headscarves were intended to cover, insulate and decorate the heads of married women. Patterned woven headscarves were distinguished by the local originality of the artistic solution. Festive headdresses of Ukrainian women differed in variety and elegance. Strict completeness is inherent in the forms of this integral part of the national costume as those that have been refining over many generations. At the end of the 19th century. the wimples, on which a lot of material was spent, were almost destroyed. Headwear of new shapes was becoming more practical, cheaper and lighter. "Starovytsky headscarves" give way to manufactured goods. At the beginning of the 20th century, headscarves became the most common headdress both in the city and in the village.

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Kamyshanskyi, V. I. « LEGAL ASPECTS OF DIGITALIZATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE THROUGH IMPLEMENTATION OF BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY (EXPERIENCE FOR UKRAINE) ». Economics and Law, n^o 4 (8 décembre 2022) : 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2022.04.031.

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The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of digitalization of international trade through the introduction of blockchain technology and the identification of issues that require legal regulation for the implementation of the relevant process in Ukraine. It is emphasized that digitalization of international trade through the introduction of blockchain technology opens up opportunities for optimization of administrative trade procedures and stimulation of foreign trade activity, in particular, it allows modernizing and optimizing the work of “single windows” (including certification and customs clearance); cross-border data exchange between government agencies or authorities and economic entities; payment transfer system, etc. In turn, the use of smart contracts, built on the appropriate technology, can automate the compliance of stakeholders with various contractual obligations; and data (in the blockchain) — is a stream of reliable information about past transactions, as they remain unchanged after entry. This provides greater transparency and the ability to trace the movement of a product or document throughout the supply chain with a high level of security and immutability, as well as eliminates double spending (in particular, by using the same digital documents as collateral for financing, which is a common source of fraud in international trade. At the same time, blockchain technology is only a tool on the way to optimizing administrative trade procedures and stimulating foreign economic activity and can be used only if there is appropriate legislation. In particular, the issues of determining the legal status of the blockchain (in particular, the terminology — “blockchain”, “smart contracts”) and blockchain-based applications need to be settled. Analysis of international experience proves the lack of unified approaches in this area. This actualizes the need to intensify work at the global international level to address the above issues. It is also advisable for Ukraine to join this process. For the sake of end-to-end digitalization of trade and limiting the possibility of potentially conflicting individual approaches that could lead to further disconnection and barriers to trade, harmonization of domestic legislation in accordance with existing international documents (in particular, UNCITRAL model laws) is becoming important. Digital trade agreements (e.g., the upcoming Digital Trade Agreement between Ukraine and the United Kingdom) are one of the tools that will help to intensify actions in this direction. In addition, among the issues that require regulation prior to the introduction of blockchain technology in international trade are the following: (1) the procedure for entering data (in particular, ensuring their accuracy and completeness) to be transmitted and exchanged on the blockchain; (2) protection of the transmitted data, (3) responsibility for data entry and processing, as well as the legal algorithm for their correction in case of errors (in particular, it should be clearly defined whether it is possible to make changes to the code underlying the blockchain to correct errors and, if so, who has the right to do it), (4) dispute resolution procedure; (5) mutual recognition of documents/certificates issued (this will ensure that the algorithms used work accurately with the data entered and comply with specific (international and national) rules), etc., as well as recognition of electronic signatures and electronic documents (in particular, transfer documents, bills of lading, promissory notes, warehouse receipts, etc. On this basis, it is considered expedient not to adopt a separate legal act like the Illinois State Law “On the Implementation of Blockchain Technology”, but to modernize the existing laws of Ukraine: the Law of Ukraine “On Electronic Commerce”, the Law of Ukraine “On Electronic Documents and Electronic Document Management”, etc. These are the directions of further research. It is considered appropriate at the legislative level to allow the use of smart contracts, records and signatures protected by blockchain in the field of trade and to use the method of analogy of the law in order to extend the legal regime of electronic contracts and signatures to them, which is reflected in the law-making of certain foreign countries (in particular, the United States (New York State). It is proposed to develop and adopt legislation on the digitalization of economic policy in general and foreign economic policy in particular, taking into account the principles of functional equivalence and technological neutrality. This will protect domestic legislation from the need for constant amendments to take into account the emergence of new technologies.

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Grewe, Volker, Eleni Tsati, Mariano Mertens, Christine Frömming et Patrick Jöckel. « Contribution of emissions to concentrations : the TAGGING 1.0 submodel based on the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy 2.52) ». Geoscientific Model Development 10, n^o 7 (10 juillet 2017) : 2615–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2615-2017.

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Abstract. Questions such as what is the contribution of road traffic emissions to climate change? or what is the impact of shipping emissions on local air quality? require a quantification of the contribution of specific emissions sectors to the concentration of radiatively active species and air-quality-related species, respectively. Here, we present a diagnostics package, implemented in the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy), which keeps track of the contribution of source categories (mainly emission sectors) to various concentrations. The diagnostics package is implemented as a submodel (TAGGING) of EMAC (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts – Hamburg (ECHAM)/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry). It determines the contributions of 10 different source categories to the concentration of ozone, nitrogen oxides, peroxyacytyl nitrate, carbon monoxide, non-methane hydrocarbons, hydroxyl, and hydroperoxyl radicals ( = tagged tracers). The source categories are mainly emission sectors and some other sources for completeness. As emission sectors, road traffic, shipping, air traffic, anthropogenic non-traffic, biogenic, biomass burning, and lightning are considered. The submodel obtains information on the chemical reaction rates, online emissions, such as lightning, and wash-out rates. It then solves differential equations for the contribution of a source category to each of the seven tracers. This diagnostics package does not feed back to any other part of the model. For the first time, it takes into account chemically competing effects: for example, the competition between NOx, CO, and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the production and destruction of ozone. We show that the results are in-line with results from other tagging schemes and provide plausibility checks for concentrations of trace gases, such as OH and HO2, which have not previously been tagged. The budgets of the tagged tracers, i.e. the contribution from individual source categories (mainly emission sectors) to, e.g., ozone, are only marginally sensitive to changes in model resolution, though the level of detail increases. A reduction in road traffic emissions by 5 % shows that road traffic global tropospheric ozone is reduced by 4 % only, because the net ozone productivity increases. This 4 % reduction in road traffic tropospheric ozone corresponds to a reduction in total tropospheric ozone by ≈ 0.3 %, which is compensated by an increase in tropospheric ozone from other sources by 0.1 %, resulting in a reduction in total tropospheric ozone of ≈ 0.2 %. This compensating effect compares well with previous findings. The computational costs of the TAGGING submodel are low with respect to computing time, but a large number of additional tracers are required. The advantage of the tagging scheme is that in one simulation and at every time step and grid point, information is available on the contribution of different emission sectors to the ozone budget, which then can be further used in upcoming studies to calculate the respective radiative forcing simultaneously.

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САТМБЕКОВА, Д. К., К. М. ИБРАХИМ, Ж. К. АЛИМСЕИТОВА, У. С. АЛИМОВА et М. А. МАДЖИТОВА. « PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE GENUS MALUS MILL. (REVIEW) ». Farmaciâ Kazahstana, n^o 4 (16 septembre 2022) : 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.53511/pharmkaz.2022.58.15.037.

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Лекарственное растительное сырье, содержащее ценные биологически активные вещества, было и остается в центре внимания исследователей, занимающихся разработкой лекарственных средств из растительного сырья. Популярность препаратов растительного происхождения объясняется целым рядом преимуществ, характерных для фитопрепаратов, особенно меньшее количество побочных эффектов. Одним из лекарственных растений, потенциал которого с позиции современной медицины и фармации раскрыт далеко не в полной мере, является Malus sieversii. Так, накопился ряд вопросов относительно полноты и доказательности сведений по химическому составу и решения проблемы стандартизации сырья данного растения. Поэтому перспективными и первоочередными направлениями являются углубленное изучение данного растения как источника сырья биологически активных соединений. Основные структурные классы яблок (Malus sp., Rosaceae) включают полифенолы, полисахариды (пектин), фитостеролы и пентациклические тритерпены, а также витамины и микроэлементы, которые дополняют питательные свойства яблочных плодов. Исследования в данной работе посвящена изучению химического состава плодов дикорастущих сортов яблони произрастающих в Национальном Парке «Тарбагатай». Исследуемые виды яблонь отличаются высоким содержанием полифенолов, пектина, фитостеролов, пентациклических тритерпенов, в связи с чем они обладают антиоксидантными, противораковыми и противовоспалительными свойствами. Medicinal plant raw materials containing valuable biologically active substances have been and remain in the focus of attention of researchers engaged in the development of medicinal products from plant raw materials. The popularity of herbal preparations is explained by a number of advantages characteristic of herbal medicines, especially fewer side effects. One of the medicinal plants whose potential from the standpoint of modern medicine and pharmacy is not fully disclosed is Malus sieversii. So, a number of questions have accumulated regarding the completeness and evidence of information on the chemical composition and solving the problem of standardization of raw materials of this plant. Therefore, promising and priority areas are in-depth study of this plant as a source of raw materials of biologically active compounds. The main structural classes of apples (Malus sp., Rosaceae) include polyphenols, polysaccharides (pectin), phytosterols and pentacyclic triterpenes, as well as vitamins and trace elements that complement the nutritional properties of apple fruits. Research in this paper is devoted to the study of the chemical composition of the fruits of wild apple varieties growing in the Tarbagatai National Park. The studied apple tree species are characterized by a high content of polyphenols, pectin, phytosterols, pentacyclic triterpenes, and therefore they have antioxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties.

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Goldfarb, Warren. « On Gödel's Way In : The Influence of Rudolf Carnap ». Bulletin of Symbolic Logic 11, n^o 2 (juin 2005) : 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2178/bsl/1120231629.

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The philosopher Rudolf Carnap (1891–1970), although not himself an originator of mathematical advances in logic, was much involved in the development of the subject. He was the most important and deepest philosopher of the Vienna Circle of logical positivists, or, to use the label Carnap later preferred, logical empiricists. It was Carnap who gave the most fully developed and sophisticated form to the linguistic doctrine of logical and mathematical truth: the view that the truths of mathematics and logic do not describe some Platonistic realm, but rather are artifacts of the way we establish a language in which to speak of the factual, empirical world, fallouts of the representational capacity of language. (This view has its roots in Wittgenstein's Tractatus, but Wittgenstein's remarks on mathematics beyond first-order logic are notoriously sparse and cryptic.) Carnap was also the thinker who, after Russell, most emphasized the importance of modern logic, and the distinctive advances it enables in the foundations of mathematics, to contemporary philosophy. It was through Carnap's urgings, abetted by Hans Hahn, once Carnap arrived in Vienna as Privatdozent in philosophy in 1926, that the Vienna Circle began to take logic seriously and that positivist philosophy began to grapple with the question of how an account of mathematics compatible with empiricism can be given (see Goldfarb 1996).A particular facet of Carnap's influence is not widely appreciated: it was Carnap who introduced Kurt Gödel to logic, in the serious sense. Although Gödel seems to have attended a course of Schlick's on philosophy of mathematics in 1925–26, his second year at the University, he did not at that time pursue logic further, nor did the seminar leave much of a trace on him. In the early summer of 1928, however, Carnap gave two lectures to the Circle which Gödel attended, or so I surmise. At these occasions, Carnap presented material from his manuscript treatise, Untersuchungen zur allgemeinen Axiomatik, that is, “Investigations into general axiomatics”, which dealt with questions of consistency, completeness and categoricity. Carnap later circulated this material to various people including Gödel.

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Bartha, Miklós. « On the Completeness of the Traced Monoidal Category Axioms in (Rel,+) ». Acta Cybernetica 23, n^o 1 (2017) : 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actacyb.23.1.2017.18.

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Suparto, Arico Ayani, et Rahmat Shofan Razaqi. « Penerapan Cisco Packet Tracer Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Jaringan Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Kelas X TKJ di SMK 2 Ibrahimy Sukorejo ». Jurnal IKA PGSD (Ikatan Alumni PGSD) UNARS 7, n^o 1 (20 juin 2019) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36841/pgsdunars.v7i1.405.

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To improve the quality of learning can be done by applying strategies or methods of effective learning in the classroom, empower students and utilize existing resources in the school environment. Student activity in teaching and learning activities is marked by the participation of students in carrying out the task given by the teacher. Low student learning activities will have an impact on student’s non-completeness. One of the factors that influence the lesson that is applied by the teacher is less arousing student’s learning. The purpose of this research is to know the increase of activity and student learning outcomes trought application of Learning Media Using Cisco Packet Tracer Application To Improve Student Learning Outcomes of Class X In Basic Network Subject In SMK 2 Ibrahimy Sukorejo Lesson year 2018/2019. This research was conducted from28 April – 1 Mei 2018 with the object of research that is students class X TKJ as many 24 student. To obtain data in research using the method of observation, test and documentation. Data analysis in this research use qualitative descriptive analysis. The results obtained in the study showed improvement in student learning outcomes. In the pre-cycle of of classical completeness 54%, after the action of research daily repetition in cycle I obtained 66% classical completeness. This indicates an increase in student learning outcomes, althought the Cisco Packet Tracer application learning in cycle I has not yet achieved the caliber of learning. The Cisco Packet Tracer application is continued in cycle II. The result of daily test analysis on cycle II was 87% classical completeness, it shows that the result achievement of learning completeness in classical. The conclusion in this rearch that the learning model used by the teacher is very influence to the activity and result of student learning, it is proven that in applying of learning Cisco Packet Tracer application can improve result of activity and result of student learning of X TKJ class on basic network subjek to scores of 85% classically

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Kubrin, Charis E., Young-An Kim et John R. Hipp. « Institutional Completeness and Crime Rates in Immigrant Neighborhoods ». Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 56, n^o 2 (19 septembre 2018) : 175–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022427818799125.

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Objectives: A growing body of research finds that immigration has a null or negative association with neighborhood crime rates. We build on this important literature by investigating the extent to which one theory, institutional completeness theory, may help explain lower crime rates in immigrant communities across the Southern California region. Specifically, we test whether two key measures of institutional completeness—the presence of immigrant/ethnic voluntary organizations in the community and the presence and diversity of immigrant/ethnic businesses in the community—account for lower crime rates in some immigrant communities. Method: Compiling a tract-level data set utilizing various data sources, we estimate negative binomial regression models predicting violent and property crime levels that include measures of institutional completeness while controlling for a range of neighborhood correlates of crime. We also account for possible endogeneity by estimating instrumental variable models. Results: The results reveal very limited support for institutional completeness theory. Conclusions: Several possible explanations for these findings are discussed.

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