Bibliographies thématiques / Tourism Policies and Community Development

Sommaire

Articles de revues
Thèses
Livres
Chapitres de livres
Actes de conférences
Rapports d'organisations

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Tourism Policies and Community Development »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

Créez une référence correcte selon les styles APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard et plusieurs autres

Choisissez une source :

Consultez les listes thématiques d’articles de revues, de livres, de thèses, de rapports de conférences et d’autres sources académiques sur le sujet « Tourism Policies and Community Development ».

À côté de chaque source dans la liste de références il y a un bouton « Ajouter à la bibliographie ». Cliquez sur ce bouton, et nous générerons automatiquement la référence bibliographique pour la source choisie selon votre style de citation préféré : APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.

Vous pouvez aussi télécharger le texte intégral de la publication scolaire au format pdf et consulter son résumé en ligne lorsque ces informations sont inclues dans les métadonnées.

Articles de revues sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

Marpaung, B. O. Y., Dwira Nirfalini Aulia et Eric Witarsa. « Evaluation of Tourism Policies Towards Sustainable Development ». Journal of Politics and Law 14, n^o 4 (21 mai 2021) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v14n4p1.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Indonesia has the potential of natural resources for tourism development. One of the natural resources that the government continues to develop in Indonesia is the Lake Toba tourist attraction. The level of tourism visits at Lake Toba tourist destinations in Indonesia in recent years is low. Policies designed to provide a socially inclusive and ecologically sound tourism framework are weak in encouraging local wisdom-based tourism in the tourist destinations of Lake Toba, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Local wisdom-based government policies are essential and strategic because they can trigger an increase in the quality of tourism in Lake Toba. Government regulations and policies that show concern for local wisdom for the Lake Toba area in North Sumatera, Indonesia, can support and guide community involvement. The results of this research can help evaluate policy documents at other well-known tourist destinations.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Lestari, Ni Putu Nina Eka, I. Nyoman Rasmen Adi, Ni Nyoman Reni Suasih et Alit Sumantri. « Mapping the Potential and the Development of Kendran as a Tourism Village Model in Bali ». Jurnal Bali Membangun Bali 1, n^o 3 (6 décembre 2020) : 193–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.51172/jbmb.v1i3.143.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Purpose: (1) Compile a baseline study of the potential of tourist objects and attractions as well as the readiness of community participation in the Community Based Tourism development model and forms of collaboration with relevant stakeholders; (2) Strengthening institutional and community empowerment in developing Kendran Tourism Village, as a community-based tourism village; and (3) Establishment of cooperation models and policies that can be developed by local governments and related stakeholders. Research methods: the method of documentation, questionnaires, interviews, and FGD. The collected data was then analyzed using existing condition analysis techniques, ADO-ODTWA assessment, participatory rural analysis (PRA), SWOT analysis, MACTOR analysis, and MULTIPOL analysis. Findings: Kendran Village as a tourist village, as well as its readiness for development were quite potential. The main policies that need to be prioritized include increasing the capacity of rural communities, strengthening village tourism institutions, packaging attractions / attractions for creating branding, and expanding and maintaining markets. Implications: the development of a single destination tourist village is the creation of branding, while the policy to increase the capacity of rural communities has the highest value in the multiple destination tourist village scenario. Tourism development policy in the Province of Bali refers to the concept of sustainable and quality tourism, through various multi-sector policies.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nazaruddin, Nazaruddin, Ahmad Yani, Ti Aisyah et Yulia Rahmi. « Batee Iliek Tourism Development Model ». International Journal of Public Administration Studies 1, n^o 1 (15 août 2021) : 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/ijpas.v1i1.5003.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Batee Iliek Tourism Object Development Model in Bireuen Regency which is nature tourism for the welfare of the community by developing objects or attractions, accessibility, amenities, supporting facilities, and institutions through government policies. The aim is to increase income and better economic development and provide job opportunities for the Batee Iliek community in Bireuen Regency and increase national income. The methodology used in this study uses a qualitative methodology and this study aims to obtain an overview of the Batee Iliek Tourism Object Development Model in Bireuen Regency. The results showed that the government and the community played a role in the tourism development program in Batee Iliek through the development of facilities, the development of tourist attractions, increasing the security of village tourist attractions and the development of cultural diversity in the area. The solutions given by the government are to provide facilities such as parking lots, bathrooms, and prayer rooms. By creating a diversity or regional characteristic, such as introducing Acehnese culture. introducing Acehnese cuisine, and selling unique bags with Acehnese carvings can attract visitors.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Santhyasa, I. Komang Gede, Syamsul Alam Paturusi, I. Nyoman Sunarta et I. Nyoman Sukma Arida. « Tourism Destination Development Policies in the Regional Spatial System of Karangasem Regency, Bali, Indonesia ». International Journal of Social Science Research 8, n^o 2 (23 mars 2020) : 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v8i2.17287.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Facts on the tourism issues that emerged in Karangasem Regency showed a lack of synergy between spatial planning and tourism destination planning. In addition, tourism development in Karangasem Regency is vulnerable to exploitation of natural and cultural resources. Therefore, in developing tourism in Karangasem Regency, careful measures are needed to avoid the degradation of local cultural values. This study aimed to formulate and develop a policy framework for tourism destination development in the regional spatial system of Karangasem Regency, Bali, Indonesia. This study used a qualitative research approach with multicriteria-based policy (MULTIPOL) analysis. The data were collected through document studies, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). MULTIPOL analysis integrates a participatory approach into multi-criteria principles, and therefore, the MULTIPOL framework is based on the information obtained from stakeholders through FGD. In this study, the interviewees were chosen through purposive sampling by involving 15 experts consisting of 3 community leaders, 7 local government officials, and 5 managers of tourist attractions. The results showed that the tourism village development action scored the highest for the conservation-based tourism policy, regional potential-based tourism policy, infrastructure development and accessibility policy, and community-based tourism management policy. Meanwhile, the highest-scoring policies in relation to the established integrated development scenarios, are the regional potential-based tourism policy, the community-based tourism management policy, and the conservation-based tourism policy.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Winengan, Winengan. « Local community resistance in Lombok against tourism development policy ». Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 32, n^o 1 (31 mars 2019) : 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v32i12019.69-79.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Since the enactment of decentralization policies regarding tourism management of regions, developing tourism areas have grown to become a central issue for the local government, who have tackled it through a land acquisition policy against local communities. This study intends to examine the formulation and process of government land acquisition policies for the development of tourism areas in Lombok, whose decisions are met with opposition from the local community. This research uses qualitative and snowball techniques to determine informants. Data collection is carried out in the form of interviews, documentation, and observation. The results of this study reveal that community resistance to tourism development policies is a clear example of the lack of the power the local communities have in the policy formulation process (which stipulates land acquisition as a formulation of its policies). In its formulation, regional tourism policies have undergone a systematic process. However, if the policy option does not reflect the results of a comprehensive study - which only considers economic and business benefits and is not participatory in providing space for local communities to articulate their interests - it will lack legitimization and will be met with resistance from the local community.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Pudianto Prabowo, Thariq Farhan. « Sustainable Development Based Tourism Governance Development Policy ». UNIFIKASI : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 8, n^o 1 (29 juin 2021) : 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/unifikasi.v8i1.3529.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

This study aims to describe tourism governance development policies in Karanganyar Regency and the concept of sustainable development-based tourism policy and governance. The research employed empirical juridical approach. Therefore, this research focused on primary data collected from the interview and observation. In addition, this research was also supported by secondary data collected from literature study. Finally, the data were analyzed qualitatively. The findings revealed that the tourism governance development policies in Karanganyar regency which stated in the laws and regulations are adequate. However, its implementation is not yet running well. Furthermore, the sustainable development-based tourism governance development policy is the state's responsibility. The state acts as the holder of natural resource power and strengthens the community rights as the holders of state sovereignty. In conclusion, the tourism governance development policies in Karanganyar Regency cover environmental-friendly tourism development. However, its implementation has not yet been realized by the government of the Karanganyar regency. Moreover, the concept of sustainable development-based tourism governance development policy is based on the following basic principles, the state’s responsibility as the holder of natural resource power and strengthens the community right as the holders of state sovereignty

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Li, Wang. « Sustainability of Community Based Rural Tourism ». Journal of Digitainability, Realism & ; Mastery (DREAM) 1, n^o 01 (8 juillet 2022) : 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56982/journalo.v1i01.10.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The goal of this research was to look for probable linkages between socio-cultural amenities, natural amenities, recreational activities, and climatic attribute interrelationships. The proposed research will investigate China’s policy on rural tourism, identify the strengths and weaknesses in existing rural tourism destinations within China provinces, explore mechanisms available to enhance and promote this product globally, identify initiatives that can be taken to attract international tourist segments and recommend lasting policies to government agencies on rural tourism sustainability Considering the five objectives of this research, this research framework is developed to study how the community development process takes place in those villages that are involved in rural tourism development. Adopting Input-Throughput-Output Model which was introduced by Deacon and Firebaugh (1988).

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Wibawa, Bambang Eka, Azis Nur Bambang, Djoko Suprapto et Frida Purwanti. « The Development of Government Policy in Tour Ship Route Tourism Management in Karimunjawa Island, Indonesia ». Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 28, n^o 2 (1 juin 2021) : 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjst-2021-0012.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract Introduction Tourism has a major role in economic and social interests. Karimunjawa is one of Indonesia’s tourist destinations, making the Karimunjawa Island a national park area for tourist destinations. Indonesia must have policies to support tourism, transportation, and infrastructure. This research aimed to identify the role of the community, tourists, NGOs, and district governments in implementing the Karimunjawa National Park management policy. Material and methods The descriptive quantitative method (questionnaire and path analysis) was used in this research. Results The test results showed that there was a direct relationship between the role of the community and the Central Java provincial government with a Path Coefficients value of 0.515; the role of tourists in government policies was −0.230, the role of NGOs in Central Java Provincial Government policies with a Path Coefficients value was 0.292 and the role of district governments against the Provincial Government policy was −0.332. Conclusions The value of Path Coefficients showed that there was still a lack of policy implementation from the provincial government to the community and NGOs. Collaboration between the district and provincial governments in managing was an effective way of monitoring tourism sustainably.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Razali, Mohamad Kazar, Habibah Ahmad, Ah Choy Er et Hamzah Jusoh. « THE DEVELOPMENT THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR TOURISM PLACE-MAKING WORLD HERITAGE SITE MELAKA CITY ». Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Environment Management 7, n^o 29 (29 septembre 2022) : 238–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/jthem.729017.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Tourism place-making is a process of transform space to a quality destination. World Heritage Site destinations offer tourists a sense of heritage because of their unique universal value. Community involvement is crucial to the success of the tourism agenda at each destination. The addition of a change in tourist motivation makes tourist involvement a necessary part of the process of making the destinations. Conventional tourist destinations have been developed through the government through a bottom-up approach where factors of tourist need are paramount compared to the communities surrounding the tourist destination. Consequently, there is a management conflict that affects the interaction between the community and tourists due to the lack of involvement. This will result in the offering of a quality experience that is not in line with the status of the world's heritage sites. Therefore, continuous community and tourist involvement is required to maintain the status quo. This paper aims to build a theoretical framework to build world-class tourism sites. In conclusion, the joint involvement in the tourism-building process affects the community and tourists. The implications of this study provide guidance on the policies and management of WHS Melaka.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Owuor, George, Beatrice Knerr, Justus Ochieng, Tom Wambua et Chris Magero. « Community tourism and its role among agropastoralists in Laikipia County, Kenya ». Tourism Economics 23, n^o 1 (21 septembre 2016) : 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/te.2015.0508.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The authors present survey findings from agropastoral households living near tourist attraction sites and undertake agropastoral activities, conservation, and community tourism enterprises in Laikipia, Kenya. Laikipia is a major wildlife migration route, popular with private conservancies and ranches, attracting large numbers of tourists. The authors explore the key determinants of participation in community tourism and find that communication and road infrastructure, membership of community groups, and security aspects influence household participation in community tourism. Policies aiming to improve infrastructure and security and to encourage the formation of investment groups would enhance participation in community tourism activities and raise household incomes.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Plus de sources

Thèses sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

Masuku, Gabriel Mthokozisi Sifiso. « Harmonization of SACU Trade Policies in the Tourism & ; Hospitality Service Sectors ». Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1740_1280359750.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The general objective of the proposed research is to do a needs analysis for the tourism and hospitality industries of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Swaziland. This will be followed by an alignment of these industries with the provisions of the General Agreement of Trade in Services, commonly known as GATS, so that a Tourism and Hospitality Services Charter may be moulded that may be used uniformly throughout SACU. The specific objectives of the research are: To analyze impact assessment reports and studies conducted on the Tourism and Hospitality Industries for all five SACU member states with the aim of harmonizing standards, costs and border procedures. To ecognize SACU member states&rsquo
schedule of GATS Commitments, especially in the service sectors being investigated, by improving market access, and to recommend minimal infrastructural development levels to be attained for such sectors&rsquo
support. To make recommendations to harness the challenges faced by the said industries into a working document. To calibrate a uniformity of trade standards in these sectors that shall be used by the SACU membership. To ensure that the template is flexible enough for SACU to easily adopt and use in ongoing bilateral negotiations, for example.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Taveira, Marcelo da Silva. « Pol?ticas de turismo e comunidade local no litoral potiguar ». Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18861.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-13T17:10:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarceloST.pdf: 2210064 bytes, checksum: 0d6ad9f83930dd717b08862759db06c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-10-30
This research focuses on raise the discussion of existance tourism policies in Rio Grande do Norte and its contributions to the integration of local communities in the coastal tourist activity. Guided by the background of the neoliberalism and its influence on the model of tourism development adopted in Rio Grande do Norte. For that, were surveyed the concrete realities of coastal localities of the municipalities of Cear?-Mirim, Extremoz, Parnamirim and N?sia Floresta covered by Prodetur-RN I and II, by being part of the tourist portion of the state that have received domestic and international investment and, because are located in the geographical area of the Potiguar capital, Natal. We interviewed the municipal managers and the residents of local communities who live in municipalities more than ten years. Also, was raised a discussion on the role of the state as the main agent of public policies and hegemonic facilitator in the attraction of domestic and foreign investments, with the main scenario the neoliberal model of economic development. Here discuss ways and strategies of socio-political organization of local communities, with regard to the inclusion in the tourist and, pointing to the critical development model in question and signaling other concepts of development model, such as local basis, for example. By the ending of the research, was concluded that the model of development of the tourism in the Rio Grande do Norte is reflected of the way of life of the society, that the communities live in precarious conditions and that the way of inclusion in the tourism is almost incipient. Also, it was possible to detect the inexistence of public politics of tourism that promoted the planning of the tourist activity, as well as, the inclusion of the communities in the decision processes and that, searched the development on the basis of the principles of sustainable and local autonomy
A presente pesquisa tem como foco central levantar a discuss?o sobre as pol?ticas de turismo vigentes no Rio Grande do Norte e suas contribui??es para a inser??o das comunidades locais litor?neas na atividade tur?stica. Tendo como pano de fundo, o neoliberalismo e sua influ?ncia no modelo de desenvolvimento do turismo adotado no Rio Grande do Norte. Para tanto, foram pesquisadas as realidades concretas das localidades litor?neas dos munic?pios de Cear?-Mirim, Extremoz, Parnamirim e N?sia Floresta contemplados pelo Prodetur-RN I e II; por fazerem parte da por??o tur?stica do Estado que j? receberam investimentos de ordem nacional e internacional e; por se localizarem no entorno geogr?fico da capital potiguar, Natal. Foram entrevistados os gestores p?blicos municipais e os moradores das comunidades locais que residem nos munic?pios a mais de dez anos. Tamb?m, foi levantada uma discuss?o sobre o papel do Estado como principal agente hegem?nico de pol?ticas p?blicas e facilitador na atra??o de investimentos nacionais e estrangeiros, tendo como principal cen?rio o modelo neoliberal de desenvolvimento econ?mico. Aqui ser?o abordadas as formas e estrat?gias da organiza??o s?cio-pol?tica das comunidades locais, no que diz respeito, ? inser??o na atividade tur?stica, bem como, apontando cr?ticas ao modelo de desenvolvimento em quest?o e sinalizando outros conceitos de modelo de desenvolvimento, como o de base local, por exemplo. Ao t?rmino da pesquisa, concluiu-se que o modelo de desenvolvimento do turismo no Rio Grande do Norte ? reflexo da forma de vida da sociedade, que as comunidades vivem em condi??es prec?rias e que o modo de inclus?o no turismo ? quase que incipiente. Tamb?m, foi poss?vel detectar a inexist?ncia de pol?ticas p?blicas de turismo que promovessem o planejamento da atividade tur?stica, bem como, a inclus?o das comunidades nos processos de decis?o e que, buscasse o desenvolvimento com base nos princ?pios da sustentabilidade e da autonomia local

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nogueira, MaÌrio G. « Tourism development management : policies and strategies ». Thesis, University of Derby, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418670.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Karlsson, Henrik, et Jesper Karlsson. « Coffee Tourism : a community development tool ». Thesis, University of Kalmar, Baltic Business School, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hik:diva-1740.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Smallholder coffee farmers in Tanzania today are facing a deep financial crises. This is the result of several different reasons but one important factor is the political and economic reforms Tanzania has experienced from being one of the strongest socialist states in Africa to one of the most liberalized. For smallholder coffee farmers this has meant dealing with difficult challenges such as big fluctuations in the coffee bean price but it has also meant opportunities. The purpose for this study is to see if, and to what extent coffee tourism can help in community development and be a leverage to the living standard for people who are dealing with this business. In order to do this the authors have conducted a minor field study in the northern part of Tanzania. We argue that coffee tourism can increase and help stabilize income for smallholder coffee farmers through diversification, contribute to community development and work as a counter-force to the structural changes and the crisis that rural areas in Tanzania are dealing with today.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Devine, Jonathan Hugh. « Rural Community Attitudes Towards Tourism ». Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/DevineJH2006.pdf.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Godfrey, Kerry Baxter. « Tourism and sustainable development towards a community framework ». Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335877.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Andriotis, Konstantinos. « Local community perceptions of tourism as a development tool ». Thesis, Bournemouth University, 2000. http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/401/.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

In recent decades tourism development has expanded on most Mediterranean islands. Focusing on the island of Crete, this study recognises tourism as a highly visible and controversial component of change. The existence of the necessary infrastructure, the natural beauty, the climate, the culture and the history have contributed to tourism expansion, with Crete now attracting approximately 25 percent of foreign tourist arrivals and 55 percent of the total foreign exchange earnings of Greece. The perceptions of the local community in tourism were studied using personal interviews with three community groups: local authority officials, residents and tourism business owners and managers. The aim was to examine their views on tourism development, in an attempt to establish overall desired directions for tourism development and to suggest effective tourism strategies and policies to reinforce positive outcomes and alleviate problems resulting from previous unplanned tourism development. The research findings identify much agreement among the three community groups suggesting that it is feasible to further develop tourism with the support of the community. Although the areas used in the sample were in the maturity stage of Butler's (1980) life cycle model and therefore it might be expected that the community would be at the antagonism stage of Doxey's (1975) model, this was not suggested by the findings. Tourism is viewed positively as a development option, and further tourism development, with conditions attached, is supported. The expansion of tourism has brought economic gains, employment creation, increased population, enhanced community infrastructure and cultural and environmental preservation. However, there is limited co-ordination of tourism activities and insufficient collaboration between the public and private sector. In addition, the island is dependent on foreign tour operators, and the tourism industry is uneven geographically and seasonally. Tourism has modified traditions and has affected the environment and society. Since community perceptions match reality (what is on the ground from development), problems are real and it is necessary to find solutions for their amelioration. As a result, policy implications emerging from the results presented in this thesis are discussed and future strategies are suggested.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Choi, Hwan-Suk. « Measurement of sustainable development progress for managing community tourism ». Connect to resource online, 2003. http://ulib.iupui.edu/utility/download.php?file=AAT3102494.pdf&ipfilter=campus_cas.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Texas A&M University, 2003.
Title from screen (viewed on July 23, 2009). Includes vita. Department of Recreation and Tourism Sciences, Texas A&M University. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 182-214).

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Bah, Adama. « Essays on Development Policies : Social Protection, Community-Based Development and Regional Integration ». Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10441.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Cette thèse propose une analyse de certaines des politiques considérées actuellement comme étant des éléments-clé de toute stratégie de développement, avec l’objectif de contribuer au récent débat sur le développement international. Je considère en particulier l’élaboration, la mise en oeuvre et l’évaluation des politiques de protection sociale, de développement participatif et d’intégration régionale. Le premier chapitre repose sur l’idée que, pour être efficaces en matière de réduction de la pauvreté, les politiques de protection sociale doivent avoir pour double objectif de permettre aux ménages pauvres d’accéder à des ressources suffisantes pour satisfaire leurs besoins de base, ainsi que de réduire le risque auquel les ménages non pauvres sont confrontés de voir leur niveau de bien-être diminuer sous le seuil de pauvreté. Je propose une méthode permettant d’estimer le degré de vulnérabilité à la pauvreté des ménages. La vulnérabilité est ici définie comme la probabilité pour un ménage de se trouver sous le seuil de pauvreté dans le futur, étant données ses caractéristiques actuelles. Dans le second chapitre, je me place dans un contexte de ciblage des programmes de protection sociale par un score approximant le niveau de vie (proxy-means testing). La précision, et donc l’efficacité, de cette approche pour identifier les ménages pauvres dépendent de la capacité à prédire avec exactitude le niveau de bien-être des ménages, laquelle découle de la sélection de variables pertinentes. Je propose une méthode basée sur l’estimation d’un échantillon aléatoire de modèles de consommation, pour identifier les variables dont la corrélation avec le bien-être des ménages est à la fois élevée et robuste. Ces variables appartiennent à différentes catégories, y compris la possession de biens durables, l’accès aux services d’énergie domestique et d’assainissement, la qualité et le statut d’occupation du logement, et le niveau d’éducation des membres du ménage. Les troisième et quatrième chapitres de cette thèse proposent une analyse ex-post des politiques de développement, et portent en particulier sur les conséquences inattendues d’un programme de développement participatif et les raisons de l’insuffisante performance de politiques d’intégration régionale, respectivement. Le troisième chapitre évalue dans quelle mesure la réaction des deux groupes rebelles présents aux Philippines face à la mise en oeuvre d’un programme participatif d’aide au développement est compatible avec l’idée que ces deux groupes ont différentes idéologies, caractéristiques et raisons pour lutter contre le gouvernement. Il utilise une base de données collectées en utilisant les reportages d’un journal local concernant les épisodes de guerre impliquant ces deux groupes, ainsi que les prédictions d’un modèle d’insurrection basé sur la recherche de rente (rent-seeking). Les résultats sont conformes à la classification proposée de ces deux groupes rebelles ; leur réaction face au projet dépend de leur position idéologique. Le dernier chapitre analyse l’impact des guerres civiles en Afrique sur la performance des communautés économiques régionales, approximée par la synchronisation des cycles économiques des différents partenaires régionaux. Les résultats montrent que la synchronisation des cycles économiques diminue avec l’occurrence de guerres civiles, non seulement pour les pays directement affectés, mais également pour leurs voisins en paix
In this thesis, I aim to contribute to the recent international development debate, by providing an analysis of some of the policies that are considered key elements of a development strategy. Focusing on social protection, community-based development and regional integration, I consider aspects related to their design, implementation and evaluation. In the first chapter, I propose a method to estimate ex ante vulnerability to poverty, defined as the probability of being poor in the near future given one’s current characteristics. This is based on the premise that effective social protection policies should aim not only to help the poor move out of poverty, but also to protect the vulnerable from falling into it. In the second chapter, I consider the issue of identifying the poor in a context of targeting social protection programs using a Proxy-Means Testing (PMT) approach, which precision, and therefore usefulness relies on the selection of indicators that produce accurate predictions of household welfare. I propose a method based on model random sampling to identify indicators that are robustly and strongly correlated with household welfare, measured by per capita consumption. These indicators span the categories of household private asset holdings, access to basic domestic energy, education level, sanitation and housing. The third and fourth chapters of this thesis provide an ex-post analysis of development policies and focus in particular on the unintended consequences of a community-driven program and on the reasons for the lack of progress in regional economic integration. The third chapter assesses whether the reaction of the two distinct rebel groups that operate in the Philippines to the implementation of a large-scale community-driven development project funded by foreign aid is consistent with the idea that these two groups have different ideologies, characteristics and motives for fighting. It is based on a unique geo-referenced dataset that we collected from local newspaper reports on the occurrence of conflict episodes involving these rebel groups, and on the predictions of a rent-seeking model of insurgency. The findings are consistent with the proposed classification of the rebel groups; the impact of the foreign aid project on each rebel group depends on their ideological stance. In the last chapter, I analyze how civil conflicts affect the economic fate of African regional economic communities through its effect on the synchronicity of regional partners’ economies. I find that conflict decreases business cycle synchronicity when it occurs within a regional economic community, both for the directly affected countries and for their more peaceful regional peers

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Bhattarai, Amit. « Sustainable tourism : benefits for the local community ? » Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31261218.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Plus de sources

Livres sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

Strategic development policies and impact studies of sustainable rural and community-based tourism. New Delhi : Primus Books, 2014.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Ontario. Ministry of Northern Affairs, dir. Community tourism : A development guide. Toronto, Ont : Ministry of Northern Affairs, 1985.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Greg, Richards, et Hall Derek R, dir. Tourism and sustainable community development. London : Routledge, 2000.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Tourism development : Principles, processes, and policies. New York : Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1996.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Moscardo, G., dir. Building community capacity for tourism development. Wallingford : CABI, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781845934477.0000.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

P, Cooper Christopher, Wanhill Stephen et International Academy For the Study of Tourism., dir. Tourism development : Environmental and community issues. Chichester : Wiley, 1997.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Gianna, Moscardo, dir. Building community capacity for tourism development. Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK : CABI, 2008.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Organization, World Tourism, dir. Tourism and community development : Asian practices. 2^e éd. Madrid, Spain : World Tourism Organization, 2009.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Authority, Palau Visitors, dir. Sustainable development policies and action plan, Palau. [Koror] : Palau Visitors Authority, 1997.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Canada. Indian and Northern Affairs Canada., dir. The development of tourism in your community. Ottawa : Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, 1993.

Trouver le texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Plus de sources

Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

Phi, Giang T., et Long H. Pham. « Community-based tourism : challenges and opportunities for sustainable development. » Dans Vietnam tourism : policies and practices, 103–18. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242782.0007.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract The chapter first provides background information on the evolution of community-based tourism (CBT) in Vietnam before exploring critical areas of the CBT literature. Next, the qualitative approaches utilized for the study, on which the findings and discussions are drawn upon, are presented. The findings are further discussed within the context of three CBT case studies in Vietnam. Finally, recommendations are suggested for the future sustainable development of CBT in Vietnam.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Bui, Quynh N., Giang T. Phi et Andrew Le. « Vietnam tour operators and responsible tourism : a behavioural approach. » Dans Vietnam tourism : policies and practices, 151–63. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242782.0010.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract The essence of responsible tourism (RT) is that it is not merely a solution to sustainable development either by the types of products or by the scale of operation, but a fundamental change in a set of values and actions that results in an improvement of tourism activities involving all stakeholders including tourists, tourism service suppliers, the local community and tourism managers. With their unique position in the tourism system, tour operators serve as the hub for connecting diverse stakeholders in tourism, ranging from tourists to the local community to local destination authorities. A tour operator can offer RT products and services to motivate and educate tourists in consuming tourism in responsible ways and can concurrently improve awareness in local communities as well as contributing benefits to the tourism destination across the three aspects of the economy, society and the environment. Furthermore, these tourism enterprises know how to reach visitors through publications and the media, thereby connecting sustainable tourism destinations with customers. Despite tour operators' essential role, there exists a gap in the literature regarding their RT behaviours and implementation in the context of Vietnam. This chapter thus seeks to bridge this gap through a qualitative research approach.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Rodrigues, Milena Manhães, Renato de Oliveira dos Santos, Sidnei Raimundo et Gustavo C. X. M. P. Machado. « The Praia do Sono (Paraty, Brazil) as a gateway community to achieve the universalization of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (water sanitation) in tourist areas. » Dans Tourism transformations in protected area gateway communities, 124–36. Wallingford : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249033.0009.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract As 4.5 billion of the world's population do not have safe sanitation, access to water and sanitation is one of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 6) in the 2030 Agenda. This research aims to investigate the relationship between sanitary conditions and tourism, based on ecological sanitation action research developed with the local community of Praia do Sono (Paraty, Brazil), a community gateway that integrates two protected areas: the State Ecological Reserve of Juatinga and Cairuçu Environmental Protection Area. Using a qualitative approach, specifically participant observation, during one ecological sanitation project, and semi-structured interviews with nine stakeholders, the results revealed that territorial conflicts, protected area (PA) preservationist policies and the consolidation of mass tourism has limited cultural subsistence practices and the sense of collective in the community. The water sanitation project has produced more belonging and identity in the community through the recognition of the health benefits and improved quality of life for residents.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Chen, Ning, Yong Rao et An-le Li. « Understanding generational differences in multiple place identities and the visitor economy : the case of migrants' descendants in China. » Dans Managing events, festivals and the visitor economy : concepts, collaborations and cases, 88–94. Wallingford : CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242843.0007.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Abstract The case of three generations of Wushan migrants in Zhaoqing provides interesting grounds for discussing place identity, its evolution and dynamics, and multiple place identities and their interactions. In spite of living together as families in a close community, these three generations exhibit entirely different place identity characteristics and behaviours. Many phenomena can be simply interpreted using social identity theory, social comparison theory, or identity formation theory. However, some interesting facts, such as that how one identifies self does not only rely on self perception, but also social pressure and engagement, are worth further investigation based on migration, mobility, and general environmental psychology research. Specifically, this case study provides rich implications on regional (tourism) development and the VFR visitor economy. For one, local authorities should aim at fully understanding generational differences in perceiving selves and places, and then form respective valid policies to support community development. Further, destinations aiming to attract revisits by people who have proactively or passively relocated themselves should notice the potential dynamics in this target segment and develop tourism and hospitality facilities to cater to the various tastes caused by these generational differences.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Vogt, Christine A., et Evan J. Jordan. « Community development ». Dans Encyclopedia of Tourism, 166–69. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01384-8_498.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Vogt, Christine A., et Evan J. Jordan. « Community development, tourism ». Dans Encyclopedia of Tourism, 1–4. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_498-1.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Vogt, Christine A., et Evan J. Jordan. « Community Development and Tourism ». Dans Encyclopedia of Tourism, 1–4. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01669-6_498-2.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Jamal, Tazim, et Dianne Dredge. « 6. Tourism and Community Development Issues ». Dans Tourism and Development, sous la direction de Richard Sharpley et David J. Telfer, 178–204. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit : Multilingual Matters, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21832/9781845414740-008.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Makuyana, Tawanda, et Zukiswa Yoliswa Zinhle Nzo. « Inclusive Community Development through Events ». Dans Festival and Event Tourism, 85–101. GB : CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248685.0009.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Edward, Manoj. « Community Intervention in Destination Development : A Cross-Destination Analysis ». Dans Sustainable Tourism Development, sous la direction de A. Vinodan et James Manalel, 217–46. Series statement : Advances in hospitality and tourism book series : Apple Academic Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429397998-14.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

CAZAN, Ionut-Catalin. « Community Participation in Tourism Destination Development : A Literature Review ». Dans The 14th Economic International Conference : Strategies and Development Policies of Territories : International, Country, Region, City, Location Challenges, May 10-11, 2018, Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc.75.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Pujiastuti, Eny Endah, Sriyono Sriyono, Adi Soeprapto et Simon Pulung Nugroho. « Visiting peaceful Maghilewa : Culture and Nature as The Potentials of Community-Based Tourism ». Dans LPPM UPN "VETERAN" Yogyakarta International Conference Series 2020. RSF Press & RESEARCH SYNERGY FOUNDATION, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/pss.v1i1.186.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Currently, there is a rapid growth of demand for cultural tourism and there is a growing trend of cultural interest as a tourism product in the world. Indonesia has a lot of cultural and historical heritage with a multicultural population and serves as an integral part of the world's cultural heritage. In order to have an impact on the economy, this cultural heritage must be managed properly. Therefore there needs to be a study on the cultural heritage tourism model by balancing the interests between the tourism industry and heritage preservation as the main agenda to get a mutually sustainable relationship in cultural heritage tourism. The objectives in research are to; 1) knowing the potential of the Maghilewa traditional village as a cultural tourism destination, 2) knowing the feasibility of the traditional village as a cultural heritage destination, 3) formulating the steps that will be taken to prepare the traditional village as a cultural heritage destination. This research is a qualitative descriptive study to get an overview of the potential and feasibility of cultural tourism villages and the steps to make traditional villages into cultural tourism destinations. The results showed that the traditional village of Maghilewa was feasible to be developed into a cultural heritage destination. In developing the traditional village of Maghilewa, it is feasible as a cultural heritage destination, it requires a lot of support from the community, local government, and academics. The steps that must be taken are to build synergy between stakeholders in order to build the capacity of the Maghilewa Traditional Village community and encourage the Regional Government to implement comprehensive policies in participatory tourism development by prioritizing the conservation of local culture.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Rossini, Diva de Mello, Tânia Beisl Ramos et Luciano Torres Tricárico. « A paisagem do português centro historico de São Francisco do Sul (BR) ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6353.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Este artigo divulga a importância da preservação da paisagem do centro histórico das cidades por meio da conservação do patrimônio histórico construído, o qual se caracteriza como um atributo para o desenvolvimento do turismo cultural. O método de Rossini (2014), com categorias de analise da paisagem hierarquizadas por meio da analise de redes sociais, foi aplicado na Baixa Pombalina em Lisboa (PT) e no centro histórico de São Francisco do Sul (BR). O resultado desta investigação demonstra que o centro histórico estudado possui características similares as urbes de origem portuguesa e fato que o transforma em um sitio repleto de potencialidades turísticas. O conhecimento produzido poderá nortear a elaboração de politicas publicas que contribuam com o desenvolvimento do turismo cultural local e regional, além de beneficiar a comunidade científica do Brasil, com a produção de novos conhecimentos nas áreas de Arquitetura, Patrimônio Histórico das Cidades e de Turismo. This article discloses about the importance of preserving the historic center of the landscape of cities through the conservation of built heritage, which is characterized as an attribute to the development of cultural tourism. The Rossini method (2014), with analysis of hierarchical categories of landscape through the analysis of social networks, was applied in the Baixa in Lisbon (PT) and the historic center of São Francisco do Sul (BR). The result of this research shows that the historic center studied has similar characteristics of Portuguese origin and urbes fact that turns it into a place full of tourist potential. The knowledge produced can underpin the development of public policies that contribute to the development of local and regional cultural tourism, as well as benefit the scientific community in Brazil, with the production of new knowledge in the areas of Architecture, Heritage of Cities and Tourism.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Esan, Oluwasegun. « Cultural heritage : an urban memoir towards Idanre city prosperity ». Dans Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/gnbv3886.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

The present tasks facing most of the cities in Nigeria is over reliance on crude oil. The task ahead is to ensure cities function properly and cater for its inhabitants adequately. Several efforts to diversify and develop other sectors of the economy over the last two decades yielded little result. The crash in global crude oil economy is compelling Nigerian cities to explore alternative source of income. At this crucial time, a closer look at creative industry to leverage on heritage resources is being explored. The paper examines precious Idanre heritage as a developmental tool towards urban prosperity. Idanre is a relatively small and historic town in Ondo State situated at the foot of scenic Idanre hills with unique cultural heritage and propensity to attract diverse tourist locally and internationally. The study adopts qualitative research approach through purposive interview and focus group discussion. Community participation will permit inclusive planning for the city. This research findings include 1350AD ancient palace on the hill: unique Orogho, Usalu and Udale quarters; Orosun Sacred Groove and Festival; Agaga Hills; Idanre Forest Reserve; and small-scale Cocoa Agricultural Estates. Community consensus identified heritage memorabilia, cottage industry, small scale local chocolate industry, community sacred forest tour guides and Orosun festival as to enhance the prosperity of the town. Conclusively, community opinion, cultural custodians, traditional rulers, heritage tourists were various elements of Idanre city system as Idanre city is tied to its heritage resources. The legibility of Idanre city is influenced by heritage resources as the collective memory that can be translated into urban prosperity. This paper recommends that innovation capacity and citizenry interaction are fundamental for desired Idanre prosperity through a robust heritage resource deeply rooted in creative industry rooted in heritage resources. Government need to promote the development of cultural heritage and creative industries. Furthermore, urban planning policies should be in favour of mixed-use, well defined and connected spatial clusters within the urban network. An integrated and comprehensive strategy is also needed for the development of creative industries.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Kaufmane, Dace. « Community cooperation for tourism development ». Dans 21st International Scientific Conference "Economic Science for Rural Development 2020". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2020.54.018.

Texte intégral

Résumé :

Cooperation and research on related issues in the tourism sector is still topical as virtually no new tourism offer is possible without cooperation. This has been confirmed by previous studies. However, in the context of community initiatives, cooperation in tourism has not been analysed very much. The aim of the paper is to analyse community cooperation in rural tourism development on the basis of content analysis of the LEADER projects and previous studies on collaboration. Cooperation is based on the understanding and exchange of information facilitated by existing and new forms of common actions between public and private actors. The results reveal that community cooperation for the development of rural tourism in Latvia can be seen as structural with the Rural Support Service as a central actor, which is responsible for the uniform implementation of the state’s and European Union’s support policy in Latvia, monitors compliance with agricultural legislation and regulates the conditions of all involved. At regional level, cooperation is coordinated by rural partnerships and governed by their strategies that sets clear objectives for local action in communities.

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Saraswati, Ufi. « Rural Tourism : Community Empowerment in Sustainable Development ». Dans 6th International Conference on Education & Social Sciences (ICESS 2021). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210918.065.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Sarhan, A., R. Abdelgalil et Y. Radwan. « Ecotourism principles as a framework for culturally responsive community development ». Dans SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2016. Southampton UK : WIT Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st160021.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Supian, Kamisah. « Community-Based Homestay Activities : Sustainable Or Perishable Tourism ? » Dans International Conference on Sustainable Practices, Development and Urbanisation. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epms.2022.10.1.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Oliveira, F., et F. Silva. « Tourism as a tool of community development : an ecotourism project in Cantanhez, Guinea-Bissau ». Dans SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2010. Southampton, UK : WIT Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st100471.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nurul Najwa, Napatah. « Local Community Participation In Community-Based Tourism Of Jakun Tribe, Sg. Peroh, Johor ». Dans International Conference on Sustainable Practices, Development and Urbanisation. European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epms.2022.10.71.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Tourism Policies and Community Development"

Sharma, P. Tourism for Local Community Development in Mountain Areas : Perspectives, Issues and Guidelines ; Proceedings of the Hindu Kush-Himalayan Regional Workshop on Mountain Tourism for Local Community Development. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.213.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Banskota, K., et B. Sharma. Mountain Tourism for Local Development : Training Manual for Local Community Groups and Organisations. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD);Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies (CREST), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.291.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Banskota, K., et B. Sharma. Mountain Tourism for Local Community Development in Nepal ; A Case Study of Upper Mustang. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.290.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Banskota, K., et B. Sharma. Mountain Tourism for Local Community Development in Nepal ; A Case Study of Phewa Lakeside, Pokhara. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.289.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Banskota, K., et B. Sharma. Tourism for Mountain Community Development : Case Study Report on the Annapurna and Gorkha Regions of Nepal. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.215.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Banskota, K., et B. Sharma. Mountain Tourism for Local Community Development in Nepal : A Case Study of Syaphrubesi, Langtang National Park. Kathmandu, Nepal : International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.288.

Texte intégral

Styles APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, etc.

Nous offrons des réductions sur tous les plans premium pour les auteurs dont les œuvres sont incluses dans des sélections littéraires thématiques. Contactez-nous pour obtenir un code promo unique!