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1
Soffietti, Franco Primo. "Análisis de actividad puzolánica en toba zeolítica." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11086/2306.
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Práctica Supervisada (IC)--FCEFN-UNC, 2015<br>Determina si la toba zeolítica proveída al Laboratorio de Estructura para su análisis, se comporta como una puzolana, basándose para encuadrar a la tobadentro de esta clasificación, o en expuesto en la "Norma IRAM 1668. Puzolanas. Caracterización y muestreo".
2
Le, Bas Timothy P. "Processing techniques for TOBI side-scan sonar data." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360112.
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Brannon, Mary Katherine. "Binding properties of adaptor proteins Tollip and Tom1." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73814.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Adaptor proteins, like Tollip and Tom1, facilitate cellular cargo sorting through their ubiquitin-binding domains. Tollip and Tom1 bind to each other through their TBD and GAT domains, respectively, whereas Tollip interacts with phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PtdIns(3)P)-containing endosomal membranes. Tom1 and Tollip interaction and association with endosomes is proposed to be involved in the lysosomal degradation of polyubiquitinated cargo. Through cellular, biochemical, and biophysical techniques, we have further characterized the association of Tom1 with Tollip. Mutations in the binding interface of the Tom1 GAT and Tollip TBD complex leads to a subcellular mis-localization of both proteins, indicating that Tom1 may serve to direct Tollip to specific cellular pathways. It was determined that Tom1 inhibits the binding of Tollip to PtdIns(3)P and inhibition was reversed when mutations in the binding interface of the Tom1 GAT and Tollip TBD were present. Furthermore, it was established that, upon the binding of Tollip TBD to Tom1 GAT, ubiquitin is inhibited from binding to Tom1 GAT. It was also demonstrated that Tom1 GAT, but not Tollip TBD, can weakly bind to PtdIns(3)P. Consequently, we propose that association of Tom1 may serve to direct Tollip for involvement in specific cell signaling pathways. Gaining insight into the function of Tom1 and Tollip may lead to their use as therapeutic targets for increasing the efficiency of cargo trafficking and also for patients recovering from various cardiac injuries.<br>Master of Science
4
Lowry, Orla Mary. "Belfast intonation : testing the ToBI framework of intonational analysis." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.370089.
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Gatti, Emma. "Geochemical and sedimentological investigations of Youngest Toba Tuff ashfall deposits." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244398.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The ~ 73 ka ‘super-eruption’ of the Toba caldera in Sumatra is the largest known eruption of the Quaternary. The products of this eruption, the Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT), have been implicated in global and regional climate deterioration with widespread ecological effects. In this thesis I study the YTT co-ignimbrite ashfall, in particular the mechanisms of transport, sedimentation and preservation of ash deposits. I use distal marine and terrestrial ash sediments: a) to estimate the volume of YTT ash fallout; b) to quantify variability in the geochemistry of YTT ash; c) to assess the reliability of YTT ash as a chronostratigraphic marker; and d) to determine local influences on the reworking of YTT ash deposits. Following the introductory chapters, I address topics a) and b) through detailed investigations of published physical and chemical evidence. Chapter three shows that particle size and sediment thickness do not decline exponentially with distance from the eruption vent, highlighting the limitations of current methods of volume estimation for co-ignimbrite super-eruptions. Chapter four analyses geochemical variation in 72 YTT samples, and reveals the signatures of magma chamber zonation and post-depositional alteration. I address topics c) and d) through fieldwork in six locations, and detailed analysis of ash samples from a wide variety of local depositional environments. Chapter five uses high-resolution stratigraphic analysis of the YTT layer in the Son Valley, India, to show that variable deposition and sediment reworking may compromise the reliability of the ash layer as an isochronous marker for interpreting archaeological sequences. Chapter six combines a new understanding of the mechanisms of reworking, using new data on microscopic characteristics of reworked ash at four sites in Malaysia to demonstrate the necessity of accounting for reworking in palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. I conclude that accurate analyses of distal ash deposits can reliably determine the chemical properties of the YTT eruption, and that a detailed understanding of deposition and reworking processes is essential to inference of the environmental impacts of super-eruptions.
6
Lilly, Katie J. "Kinetic analysis of To1B interactions with Colicin E9 and Pal." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516611.
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Granados, Pedro. "Pacto poético e Internet: el caso de Cristóbal "Tobi" Kanashiro." En Blanco y Negro, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/117178.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Pacto poético alude, obviamente, al concepto de “pacto autobiográfico” acuñado por Philippe Lejeune. Internet, al medio por el cual se ha difundido esta experiencia poético-autobiográfica centrada en poemas y entrevistas concedidos por un tal Cristóbal “Tobi” Kanashiro. Y, por último, propiamente el caso de este sujeto o agente inventado, entre alumnos y profesor, en el marco de un curso denominado “Literatura”, para la Facultad de Arte de la PUC del Perú (semestre académico I, marzo-julio, 2010). El presente ensayo, más que ahondar o debatir los problemas teóricos inherentes a la autobiografía -al que este tipo de experiencia invita, sobre todo, en cuanto aquello de la identidad real del autor-, trata más bien de establecer o poner en paralelo los requisitos del pacto autobiográfico con -y esta es la hipótesis que intentaremos demostrar- las exigencias propias, asimismo, a una recepción productiva o eficaz en el campo de la poesía. Relación entre productor y lector, esta última, a la que vamos denominando “acto poético”. Productores de Kanashiro que dialécticamente fuimos, además, lectores de primera mano. El presente trabajo, por lo tanto, utilizará como fuente fundamental de análisis los testimonios de los alumnos involucrados en dicha experiencia.
8
Situmorang, Abdul Wahib. "Contentious Politics in Toba Samosir: The Toba Batak Movement Opposing the PT. Inti Indorayon Utama Pulp and Rayon Mill in Sosor Ladang-Indonesia (1988 to 2003)." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1082124155.
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Berrette, Gilberson, and Sharmake Farah. "Ständiga förbättringar för små tillverkande företag - Fallstudie på Tobo Component AB." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för Industriell utveckling, IT och Samhällsbyggnad, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-28000.
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Wagner, Karl Olaw Christian. "An Intonational Description of Mayan Q'eqchi'." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4151.
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Q'eqchi' is one of many Mayan languages spoken in Guatemala, C.A. This study provides the first Tone Break and Indices (ToBI) transcription system (Silverman et al., 1992) labeling of Q'eqchi' within the Autosegmental-Metrical (AM) model of intonation (Liberman, 1975; Pierrehumbert, 1980; Ladd, 1996). As an exploratory study into the basic intonation patterns of the language, observations were made on a variety of phenomenon relating to the intonational structure and contour pattern of the language. Three native male speakers of Q'eqchi' each provided 75 spoken sentences designed to best observe the basic patterns of intonation in the language. Each spoken utterance was analyzed through the labeling of pitch accents, phrase accents, and boundary tones in accordance with ToBI transcription guidelines (Beckman & Hirschberg, 1994; Beckman & Elam, 1997). The study reinforces previous observation on the stress pattern in the language, identifies the pitch accents and boundary tones which best describe the behavior of the intonational contour of the Q'eqchi' speakers, and proves the existence of prosodic phrases which dictate the intonational patterns of speech. In addition, the different patterns observed in declarative, imperative, and interrogative sentences are exemplified and discussed along with other phenomenon observed in the spoken data.
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Salazar, Rodrigo F. "Tob-down signals and learning in visual cortices /." [Zürich], 2004. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=15718.
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Gamez, Molina Beatriz. "Molecular mechanisms regulating osteoblast differentiation: miR-322/Tob2 and PI3K/SMAD networks." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398891.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We propose a molecular description of the mechanism whereby the osteogenic master gene Osx is controlled post-transcriptionally through a mechanism driven by miR-322/Tob2, strongly suggesting that control of specific mRNA decay is relevant in bone development and homeostasis. miR-322 has been previously studied together with miR-503 in myogenesis as promoters of cell cycle quiescence and differentiation by down-regulation of Cdc25A. Our results also show that, after differentiation by BM P-2, the miR-322 level progressively decreases in C2C12 and MC3T3-E1 cells and primary cultures of BM-MSCs. We have mentioned the up-regulated expression of osteogenic transcription factors during BMP-2 treatment. Then, miR-322, by means of Tob2 down-regulation, adjusts the expression levels of some of these factors, particularly Osx. This profile seems to allow the transcriptional up-regulation of the osteogenic transcription factors, whereas miR-322 may later exert a regulatory mechanism that allows fine-tuning of bone homeostasis.
Tobi and Tob2 proteins constitute a Tob subfamily and belong to the BTG/Tob antiproliferative factor protein family. Tob genes have emerged as key players in mediating post-transcriptional gene expression by regulating mRNA deadenylation and therefore cytoplasmic mRNA levels. Our results suggest that new target genes displaying compatible Tob-interacting secondary structures at their 3'-UTR could be subjected to specific mRNA repression by Tob family members, as we suggest here for Osx. These data are in agreement with previous research showing that, although Tobi knock-out mice are born without apparent phenotypic abnormalities, Tobi-deficient adult mice were shown to have higher bone mass compared with wild-type mice.
It has been shown that Tob proteins can interact with CPEB2-4 and specifically intensify the rapid decay of particular transcripts. Their RNA-binding domains recognize mRNAs with specific secondary structures containing U-rich loops and interact with single-stranded uridines as well as double-stranded stems present in the 3'-UTR of the target mRNA. Recent studies showed Tobi interaction with cytoplasmic CPEB2-4, which negatively regulate the expression of a target by tethering to specific mRNA and mediating recruitment of the deadenylase Cnot7, leading to specific mRNA decay. The Osx 3'-UTR contains secondary structures with a stem-loop structure similar to those bound by CPEB2-4. Our RNA pulldown analysis showed that these sequences are directly bound by CPEB proteins and Tob2. Thus, in view of our results, we hypothesize that Osx mRNA could be bound by Tob2 and CPEB2-4 and, as a consequence, specifically degraded. Future work is necessary to discern which CPEB-like proteins are involved in the interaction between Tob2 and stem-loop structures in the 3'-UTR of Osx and other osteogenic genes.
2. Class I PI-3-Kinase signaling is critical for bone formation through regulation of SMADi activity in osteoblasts
The present work reveals that PI3Ka and (3 isoforms are major regulators of osteoblast differentiation and survival. Deletion of either p110alpha and/or piio6 impairs osteoblast differentiation by decreasing the expression of key osteoblast-determining transcription factors and their transcriptional targets. More importantly, these results establish a network of molecular events that integrate distinct osteogenic inputs such as IGFi, Wnts and BMPs. Signals from these cytokines converge on GSK3 inhibition and higher SMADi levels, which confers a larger response to the osteogenic BMP action on osteoblasts.
Our results confirm that p110alpha is critical for early bone formation and development and further demonstrate this requirement for postnatal bone homeostasis. Deletion of p110alpha during early bone development causes an osteopenic phenotype in bones of both endochondral and intramembranous origin. We also took advantage of an inducible Cre system to delete p110alpha at 1-2 days of age, when bone architecture is already established and BMD and cortical thickness were approximately 4o-5o% of that of adult mice. Postnatal p110alpha deletion also led to a significant loss of either calvarial, cortical or trabecular bone at 12 weeks of age.
When p110alpha was deleted, although a slow proliferation rate and higher sensitivity to apoptosis was seen in cultured osteoblasts in vitro, there were no significant changes in the total number and proliferation rate of osteoblasts in bones of prim-deficient mice. These data mirror those previously obtained in Pten-deficient mice. Moreover, deletion of p1106 did not increase sensitivity to apoptosis in osteoblasts, but it also produced a strong bone phenotype. In our mouse model, lack of PI3K isoforms leads to similar changes in the expression of osteoblast-specific transcription factors in calvaria, long bone and osteoblast cultures. Whereas Runx2 expression was significantly reduced only after deletion of both p110alpha and piio6, Osx expression was strongly suppressed in all cases. OSX has been shown to transcriptionally regulate the expression of Cohal, Ibsp, Bglap and Fmod. Thus, lower levels of OSX could account for impaired osteoblast maturation and function, through decreased transcription of these genes..
GSK3 is a multifunctional kinase that is constitutively active and negatively regulated by numerous signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT and canonical Wnt. Evidence suggests a negative role for GSK3 activity in osteogenesis. Our data identified GSK3 activity as a novel node of integration for multiple osteogenic signals. Previous studies have shown that MAPK and GSK3 pathways can interfere with BMP signaling. SMADi is sequentially phosphorylated on its linker region by MAPKs and GSK3. The latter modification primes for the recognition and polyubiquitination of SMAD1 by the SMURF1 and -2 E3 ubiquitin ligases. Thus, GSK3-regulated cellular levels of SMAD1 integrate signals from PI3K activators and Wnts with those of the BMPs to give a coordinated osteogenic readout. Our results conclude that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of PI3K blocks the inhibitory phosphorylation of GSK3 and regulates SMAD1 protein stability. These effects on SMADi levels were partially reversed by pharmacological inhibition of GSK3. The effects on osteoblast-specific gene expression could be reversed by ectopic expression of exogenous SMAD1. Further cooperation comes from the fact that GSK3 activity also governs nuclear levels of (3-catenin. Moreover, SMAD1 and 13-catenin transcriptionally cooperate in key osteogenic gene promoters. Thus, the present findings represent a molecular framework to understand the mounting evidence showing cooperative activation of osteoblast differentiation and function by IGFs, Wnts and BMPs.<br>En esta tesis se han estudiado y demostrado distintos mecanismos moleculares involucrados en la diferenciación osea.
Los microRNAs emergieron hace pocos años como reguladores post-transcripcionales presentes en todos los procesos biológicos. En esta tesis se describe el microRNA-322 como un miRNA reprimido durante el tratamiento con BMP-2 en células osteoblásticas y se detalla cómo éste actúa sobre el extremo 3'-UTR del mRNA de Tob2, produciendo su degradación. TOB2 es una proteína que forma parte de la familia de proteínas antiproliferativas TOB2/BTG. Tob2 se ha descrito como mediador de modificaciones post-traduccionales regulando la deadenilación general de los mRNAs. A demás, se ha visto que participa acelerando específicamente la degradación de determinados mRNAs al unirse a proteínas CPEBlike (CPEB2-4). En la presente tesis se describe el mecanismo por el cual el miR-322 degrada específicamente Tob2 y lo retiene de ejercer su función específica sobre Osterix. El uso de inhibidores específicos y los estudios con ratones mutantes existentes hasta el momento sugerían un papel importante para la proteína PI3-quinasa en el desarrollo y mantenimiento óseo. En esta tesis se describen los fenotipos derivados de la deleción específica en osteoblastos de las isoformas más abundantes en hueso (p110alpha, p 1 10beta y p 1 10alpha/beta). La ausencia de cualquiera de las subunidades catalíticas de PI3K se traduce en una reducción de masa ósea cuando los fémures de dichos ratones son analizados por microtomografia computerizada (micro-CT). El estudio in vitro de osteoblastos primarios obtenidos de los mismos ratones muestran una disminución de los principales genes osteogénicos a nivel de mRNA y proteína, concluyendo que la deficiencia de PI3K en la célula provoca una menor diferenciación osteoblástica. PI3K regula, a través de la fosforilación de AKT, un gran número de efectores. Entre ellos está GSK3, quinasa que se fosforila e inactiva en respuesta a PI3K. Estudios anteriores a esta tesis describen cómo GSK3 fosforila la región "linker" de Smadl (proteína efectora de la vía de BMPs), marcándola para degradación. En concordancia con dichos trabajos, tanto los ratones como los osteoblastos primarios defectivos en PI3K presentan menor cantidad de SMAD1 y de SMAD1 fosforilado, constituyendo así una mecanismo en el cual la falta de PI3K, a través de una menor inactivación de GSK3, aumentaría la degradación de Smads. Dicho mecanismo describe un eje PI3K-GSK3-SMAD en el que la deficiencia de PI3K conlleva a un desarrollo óseo deficitario.
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Budd, David. "Probing the Toba super-eruption: Insights from oxygen isotope geochemistry and geobarometry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Berggrundsgeologi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-181327.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Toba caldera located in north Sumatra, Indonesia, is the source of the largest volcanic eruption in the Quaternary (Rose & Chesner 1987). Its enormous volume of 2800 km3 has been a matter of debate for decades and it is still unclear where and how the Toba magma was assembled. This study documents oxygen isotope data for a suite of whole rocks and minerals erupted as part of the Young Toba Tuff (YTT), some 74 ka ago (cf. Chesner et al. 1991). Oxygen isotope data has been obtained in-situ from quartz crystals (SIMS), whole rocks (conventional), as well as quartz, feldspar, amphibole and biotite (laser fluorination). In combination with cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging on the quartzes, the data are used to test the relative roles of shallow magmatic processes such as crystal fractionation, magma-crust interaction and crystal recycling within the Toba magmatic system. In addition, thermobarometric calculations have been performed on plagioclase and amphibole phenocrysts from the YTT to help unravel the magma storage and plumbing system that gave rise to the YTT. The combined evidence will be used to derive a model for shallow magma evolution and storage at Toba some 74 ka ago. The CL images of quartz crystals exhibit defined patterns of magmatic zoning, which broadly coincide with fluctuations in δ18O values in the quartz crystals, allowing correlation of textural and compositional data. Measured δ18Oquartz values range from 6.7 ‰ to 9.4 ‰, independent of position on crystal core or rim. Values for δ18Omagma have been calculated from quartz phenocrysts (assuming Δquartz-magma is 0.7 ‰ at magmatic temperatures). The lowest magma value is 6.0 ‰, apparently reflecting a primitive isotopic signal (Taylor & Sheppard 1986). The maximum calculated magma value is 8.7 ‰, indicating a significant crustal component and thus multiple sources to the Toba magmatic system. Several crystals, however, show internal zoning with gradually lower values towards the rims, pointing to a late-stage low-δ18O input, most probably from the shallow volcanic edifice. The crystals therefore record a complex and heterogeneous origin of the YTT magma, comprising a primitive and an evolved magmatic component topped up with several substantial crustal contributions to finally assemble the massive volume of the 74 ka Toba eruption.
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Salimbeni, Simona. "Déficience en TDP1 et instabilité génomique dans les cellules non-réplicatives." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30065.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'ataxie spinocérébelleuse avec neuropathie axonale (SCAN1) est un rare syndrome neurodégénératif récessif associé à une atrophie cérébelleuse et à une neuropathie périphérique. Il est causé par une mutation homozygote dans le gène tyrosyl-ADN phosphodiestérase-1 (TDP1) (A1478G). Cette mutation entraîne une substitution de l'histidine 493 par une arginine (H493R) dans le site catalytique de TDP1, ce qui conduit à une diminution de l’activité de TDP1. TDP1 hydrolyse la liaison entre une extrémité 3' de l'ADN et une tyrosine au sein d'un complexe de clivage de la topoisomérase I (TOP1cc) piégé sur la chromatine. TDP1 n'excise pas seulement les TOP1cc piégés, mais répare également d'autres lésions bloquant l'extrémité 3', notamment les 3'-phosphoglycolates qui résultent d’une oxydation. Toutefois, le mécanisme par lequel la mutation TDP1 H493R entraine le phénotype SCAN1, qui est associé avec la mort des neurones post-mitotiques, est peu connu. Les cassures double-brin (DSBs) de l'ADN sont peu fréquentes mais parmi les lésions génomiques les plus sévères. Un défaut de réparation peut induire la mort cellulaire, et elles ont été impliquées dans la pathogénèse de nombreuses maladies humaines, incluant des syndromes neurodégénératifs. Mon objectif de doctorat a été de déterminer si le phénotype SCAN1 pouvait être lié à une accumulation de DSBs dans des cellules non réplicatives portant la mutation TDP1 H493R. Les seuls modèles disponibles pour étudier l'impact de cette mutation étaient des lignées de cellules lymphoblastoïdes provenant de patients SCAN1 comparées à celles d'individus sains. Nous avons donc généré des modèles de cellules d'ostéosarcome U2OS homozygotes pour TDP1 H493R ou TDP1 KO en utilisant la technique CRISPR-Cas9. Nous avons également généré des cellules primaires de poumon WI38 hTERT TDP1 KO. Nous avons observé que les cellules TDP1 H493R et TDP1 KO accumulent des DSBs endogènes, principalement dans la phase G1 du cycle cellulaire par rapport à la phase S. Une augmentation de DSBs a également été observée après déplétion de TDP1 par siRNA dans les cellules WI38 hTERT quiescentes, suggérant la nature réplication-indépendante de ces DSBs. Le traitement des cellules TDP1 H493R et TDP1 KO par la camptothécine, qui induit spécifiquement des TOP1ccs, suggère en outre que l'accumulation de DSBs pourrait être liée au défaut d'élimination des TOP1ccs. Ensuite, nous nous sommes demandé si l'accumulation de DSBs dans ces cellules pouvait être liée à une augmentation de la production de ces DSBs et/ou à un défaut dans leur réparation. Notamment, les structures R-loops qui se forment lors de la transcription peuvent induire des DSBs dans les cellules non réplicatives. Nous avons montré que la déficience en TDP1 modulait les R-loops sur certains gènes, ce qui soulève la possibilité de leur implication dans la formation de DSBs. L'analyse de la réparation des DSBs après traitement par la camptothécine a révélé que les cellules TDP1 H493R et TDP1 KO étaient toutes deux défectueuses dans la réparation des DSBs en G1 mais pas en S, la mutation TDP1 H493R ayant l'effet le plus prononcé. Ces résultats suggèrent que les DSBs pourraient s'accumuler spécifiquement dans les cellules déficientes en TDP1 qui ne répliquent pas en raison d'une réparation défectueuse de ces cassures. L’ensemble des notre résultats apporte de nouvelles informations sur l'étiologie du syndrome neurodégénératif SCAN1. Ce travail a été soutenu par une bourse de doctorat dans le cadre du programme universitaire franco-italien VINCI 2016<br>Spinocerebellar ataxia with axonal neuropathy (SCAN1) is a rare recessive neurodegenerative syndrome associated with cerebellar atrophy and peripheral neuropathy. It is caused by a homozygous missense mutation in the tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase-1 (TDP1) gene (A1478G). This results in a substitution of histidine for arginine-493 (H493R) in the TDP1 catalytic site, leading to a reduced TDP1 activity. TDP1 hydrolyses the bond between a DNA 3’-end and a tyrosyl moiety within a trapped topoisomerase I cleavage complex (TOP1cc). TDP1 not only excises trapped TOP1ccs but also processes other 3’-end-blocking lesions, including 3’-phosphoglycolates that result from oxidation. Even so, how TDP1 H493R mutation promotes the SCAN1 phenotype, which is associated with the death of post-mitotic neurons, is unclear. DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are infrequent but among the most harmful genomic lesions. Their defective repair can induce cell death, and they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human diseases, including neurodegenerative syndromes. Hence, my Ph.D. objective was to investigate whether the SCAN1 phenotype could be related to an accumulation of DSBs in non-replicating cells harboring the H493R mutation of TDP1. The only available models to study the impact of TDP1 H493R mutation were lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from SCAN1 patients compared to those of healthy individuals. Hence, we have generated models of osteosarcoma U2OS cells homozygous for TDP1 H493R or TDP1 KO employing the CRISPR-Cas9 technique. We have also generated primary lung WI38 hTERT fibroblasts TDP1 KO. We found that both TDP1 H493R and TDP1 KO cells accumulate endogenous DSBs, primarily in the G1 phase of the cell cycle compared to S phase. A similar increase of DSBs was observed in quiescent WI38 hTERT cells following depletion of TDP1 with siRNA, suggesting the replication-independent nature of DSBs. Treatment of TDP1 H493R and TDP1 KO cells with camptothecin to induced trapped TOP1ccs, further suggests that accumulation of DSBs could be related to the defective removal of TOP1ccs. Next, we asked whether DSB accumulation in those cells could be related to an increase in DSB production and/or a defect in their repair. Notably, R-loop structures that form co-transcriptionally can induce DSBs in non-replicating cells. We found that TDP1 deficiency modulated R-loop levels at some gene loci, raising the possibility of their implication in DSB formation. Analysis of DSB repair following camptothecin treatment revealed that both TDP1 H493R and TDP1 KO cells were defective in the repair of DSBs in G1 but not in S, with TDP1 H493R having the most pronounced effect. These results suggest that DSBs would accumulate specifically in TDP1-deficient cells that do not undergo replication, due to a defective repair of those breaks. Together, our results provide insights on the etiology of the SCAN1 neurodegenerative syndrome. This work was supported by a PhD fellowship under the French-Italian University VINCI Program 2016
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Witterick, Eleanor. "The role and position of diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations in the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15018.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Cytosolic free calcium (Ca2+cyt) is a ubiquitous second messenger in eukaryotes. In Arabidopsis thaliana, diurnal or circadian (diel) rhythms in [Ca2+]cyt have been widely documented. There is evidence to suggest that these diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations modulate different signalling pathways, including photoperiodic signal transduction, gating responses to endogenous and environmental stimuli and feed-back entrainment of the core circadian clock itself. However, direct evidence for the role of Ca2+ in clock entrainment or as an output from the clock is lacking, and the question of the functional role of diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations remains open. The role of diel [Ca2+]cyt rhythms in A. thaliana and their relationship relative to the central molecular oscillator was investigated. While it was found that diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations persist throughout the life cycle of A. thaliana, I found no indication that diel [Ca2+]cyt rhythms are involved in photoperiodic signalling. Furthermore, I demonstrated that normal diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations persist even in the absence of a functioning core circadian clock, indicating that, contrary to the accepted view, diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations are not directly controlled by the core circadian clock, but are more probably generated by a non-transcriptional oscillator. In silico analysis of the amino-acid sequences of the 12 core clock proteins revealed that TOC1 contains a putative EF-hand and may therefore provide a route into the molecular oscillator for diel [Ca2+]cyt signals. The TOC1 sequence was altered to eliminate the Ca2+ coordinating residues but attempts to express this protein in E. coli, N. benthamiana and Baculovirus were unsuccessful. Complementation of the A. thaliana toc1-1 mutant with transgenes containing the endogenous TOC1 promoter sequence upstream of the wild type or the altered TOC1 sequences were also unsuccessful. A series of experiments were conducted to provide empirical data for Boolean Logic models of circadian rhythmicity that would enable further characterisation of the potential link between diel [Ca2+]cyt oscillations and TOC1.
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Katoh, Yohei. "Studies on structure and function of Tom1 : regulation of membrane traffic by ubiquitin." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/137129.
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Carpio, María Belén, and Raúl Eduardo González. "Evidencialidad y modalidad epistémica en dos variedades de toba habladas en Formosa, Argentina." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100225.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En este trabajo analizamos distintas estrategias morfosintácticas de codificación de evidencialidad y modalidad epistémica en toba del este y del oeste de Formosa, Argentina, desde la perspectiva tipológico-funcional (Chafe 1986; Bybee et al. 1994; Givón 2001; De Haan 2001, 2005; Aikhenvald 2004; etc.). En toba del este, se describe un evidencial de tipo reportativo a partir de una forma fosilizada del verbo ‘decir’, y el uso de dos adverbios de modalidad epistémica: ʔegoʔ~ʔekoʔ ‘parece que’ e yataqta ‘es cierto’. En toba del oeste, se analiza el uso de las raíces demostrativas más el prefijo ho-, pospuestas al elemento modificado (nombre, verbo, adverbio, o cláusula), como una estrategia de codificación de modalidad epistémica, específicamente de baja certeza subjetiva.<br>This paper analyzes morphosyntactic strategies that encode evidentiality and epistemic modality in eastern and western Toba (Formosa, Argentina), from the functional typological perspective (Chafe 1986; Bybee et al. 1994; Givón 2001; De Haan 2001, 2005; Aikhenvald 2004; etc.). In eastern Toba, a reportative derived from a grammaticalyzed ‘say’-verb, and the use of two epistemic adverbs –ʔegoʔ~ʔekoʔ ‘apparently’ and yataqta ‘certainly’– are described. In western Toba, demonstrative roots plus the prefix ho-, after the modified element (noun, verb, adverb, or clause), are analyzed as a strategy of encoding epistemic modality, specifically low subjective certainty.
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Dickerson, Arin Rose. "Patriotism, Courtesy of Toby Keith: The Voice of Country Music After September 11." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/42376.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In releasing the songs "Courtesy of the Red, White and Blue (The Angry American)" and "American Soldier" in the aftermath of September 11, country artist Toby Keith enacts a tradition that has been established in the world of country music since the Civil War, that of producing wartime songs of patriotism. I conducted an organic analysis of both songs as rhetorical acts produced and consumed within a particular rhetorical context. Because country music is fundamentally a discourse that celebrates the attitudes, values and experiences of its audience, I first analyzed these two songs as instances of epideictic rhetoric. As an epideictic rhetor, Keith reinforces the traditional values of the country music audience, uniting them in celebration of the communal identity that renders them a rhetorical community. That shared identity enables Keith to advance a rhetorical vision of a post-September 11 reality, attributing meaning to the events of September 11 and the ensuing conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. I use pentadic analysis to illuminate the vision presented in each song, and I utilize both media coverage and the Billboard charts to determine how well this vision â chained outâ amongst the country music audience. Lastly, I utilize media coverage to explore the rhetorical context in which these songs were written and consumed.<br>Master of Arts
19
Ubben, Paul Tobe [Verfasser], and Dieter [Akademischer Betreuer] Bestle. "Entwicklung eines Konzepts zur robusten Optimierung von neuen Fahrwerksarchitekturen / Paul Tobe Ubben ; Betreuer: Dieter Bestle." Cottbus : BTU Cottbus - Senftenberg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139710087/34.
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Tola, Florencia Carmen. "“All men were born in Jerusalem”. Mith and gospel in the stories about the origen of humans among the toba (Qom) of the Argentinian Chaco." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/80560.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En las narraciones actuales de los toba (qom) del Chaco argentino es frecuente encontrar paralelismos entre relatos de inspiración bíblica y los mitos que narran los orígenes de los seres humanos, sus transformaciones corporales y las diferencias entre diversos tipos de seres. Ciertos acontecimientos descritos en la Biblia suelen ser hilados con elementos del pasado mítico qom generando una lectura bíblica del pasado indígena y nuevas lecturas sobre los orígenes humanos, las diferencias entre los seres y el rol del cuerpo en la constitución de la especificidad humana. En este trabajo, nos proponemos analizar algunas de dichas narraciones en las que los mitos y las historias bíblicas son entrelazados dando lugar a actualizaciones de la noción de cuerpo-persona y devenir.<br>Parallelisms between stories of biblical inspiration and myths that describe the origins of the human beings, their corporal transformations and the differences between diverse types of beings can be found in contemporary narrations of the Toba people (Qom) of the Argentinean Gran Chaco. Events described in the Bible are usually spun with elements of the mythical past of Toba people, therefore generating a biblical reading of the indigenous past and new readings on the human origins, of the differences between beings and of the importance of the body in the constitution of human specificity. This paper examines some of these narrations where myths and Biblical stories are interlaced giving rise to new notions of body and person.
21
Horton, Brian W. "Predicting common ground sequences from prosody, timing, friendship, and experience." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1174658582.
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Stupfler, Benjamin. "Fonction des protéines BTG/TOB dans la désadénylation des ARN messagers eucaryotes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAJ079/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Une détérioration des ARNm, le vecteur de l’information génétique, ou une altération des mécanismes régulant leur synthèse, leur traduction, ou leur dégradation peut être responsable de l’apparition d’une maladie. Ainsi, il est important de comprendre les mécanismes affectant les ARNm et notamment leur dégradation. Cette dernière est initiée par la réaction de désadénylation caractérisée par le raccourcissement progressif de la queue poly(A) de l’ARNm. Un complexe responsable de la désadénylation est CCR4-NOT. Les protéines BTG/Tob lient la désadénylase CAF1 de CCR4-NOT via leur domaine APRO. Dans cette thèse, l’interaction de BTG2 avec PABPC1, la protéine liant la queue poly(A), a été étudiée. Cette association augmente l’activité désadénylase de CAF1 in vitro et in cellulo. Le rôle de cette liaison sur les propriétés antiprolifératives de BTG2 et l’impact de BTG2 sur la traduction ont aussi été analysés. Un modèle expliquant l’activation de la désadénylation par BTG2 est proposé<br>Damaging mRNA, the molecules carrying the genetic information, or altering the mechanisms responsible for their synthesis, their translation or their degradation can be responsible for initiating diseases. It is thus important to understand the mechanisms impacting mRNA, especially their degradation. The latter is initiated by the deadenylation reaction characterized by the progressive shortening of the mRNA 3’ poly(A) tail. One of the complexes responsible for deadenylation is CCR4-NOT. BTG/Tob proteins are able to bind the CAF1 deadenylase of CCR4-NOT via their APRO domain. In this thesis, interaction of BTG2 with PABPC1, the factor binding poly(A) tail, was analyzed. This binding stimulates CAF1 deadenylase activity in vitro and in cellulo. The role of this interaction on the antiproliferative properties of BTG2 and the impact of BTG2 on translation were also investigated. A model explaining deadenylation activation by BTG2 is proposed
23
Opferkuch, Toby Oliver [Verfasser]. "Sarah Goes Left and Right Looking Beyond the Standard Model and Meets Susy / Toby Oliver Opferkuch." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140525891/34.
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Ouedraogo, Pazotboum Arouna. "Enseignement agricole et formation des ruraux : l'exemple de Toba et de Gonsé : villages du Burkina-Faso." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0012.
Texte intégralRésumé :
L'etude sur les centres de formation des jeunes agriculteurs de toba et gonse revele que la mise en oeuvre d'un enseignement professionnel agricole au burkina-faso (1974) resulte davantage de considerations sur la structure scolaire primaire que d'une evolution de la situation specifique de l'agriculture. La genealogie scolaire de la formation des jeunes agriculteurs, la duree de la formation (3 ans), la population cible (les jeunes de 16-17 ans), le denuement materiel des centres, la faiblesse pedagogique du programme de formation attestent conjointement de ce trait. En definitive, la formation des jeunes agriculteurs apparait comme en enseignement au rabais que les jeunes et leurs parents tendent a rejeter. La baisse reguliere des effectifs et de l'age au recrutement en sont les signes. De plus, l'assignation aux centres de participer au developpement communautaire villageois confirme la volonte de l'etat de freiner l'exode rural des jeunes, la realisation de l'enseignement dans les langues locales accompagnant cette volonte. Or, en raison de la crise qui sevit en agriculture, les ruraux revendiquent sinon une scolarisation de forme traditionnelle, du moins un enseignement en francais favorisant la mobilite dans la societe moderne.
25
Salamanca, Villamizar Carlos. "En se glissant dans les fissures de l'utopie : les toba aux frontières de l'Etat nation argentin." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0286.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Nous analysons les liens entre espace, rapports sociaux et action politique en analysant les rapports entre l'Etat-nation et les Toba. L'espace du Chaco a été abordé en lui reconnaissant comme un espace hétérogène, constitué à partir de l'existence synchronique de multiples sociétés et d'espaces différents. En dévoilant la force de la pensée utopique dans la consolidation de l'Etat-nation et dans les fondements de toutes les relations qu'il a entamées avec les Indiens, nous analysons le processus de constitution de la Nation argentine au Chaco et ses caractéristiques d'utopie à caractère universaliste. Cette analyse est réalisée en dépassant les approches binaires. A partir de l'action politique toba nous analysons le dévoilement des fissures de l'utopie nationaliste et les stratégies indigènes telles que le braconnage contemporain dans les espaces de l'action politique ou la fabrication d'identités collectives par les biais de la subjectivation des universalismes<br>In this thesis, we analyse the relationships between space, social relations and political action between the Nation and the indigenous of the Argentinean Chaco. We consider the Chaco's space as a heterogeneous space, formed by the existence of multiple societies and spaces. By revealing the force of the utopian thought in the consolidation of the Argentinean nation and in the bases of the relationships with the indigenous people, we study the constitution of the Argentinean Nation in the Chaco region. The focus on the construction of the Nation in the Chaco and on the historical constitution of Toba peoples, is carried out by exceeding the idea of the existence of an a-historical condition among indigenous people. We study the contemprorary poach in territories of political action, the fabrication of collectives identities and the cracks of the universalism of some profects (as the citieznship, the indigenism of the class's social movements)
26
Opferkuch, Toby [Verfasser]. "Sarah Goes Left and Right Looking Beyond the Standard Model and Meets Susy / Toby Oliver Opferkuch." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1140525891/34.
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Cruzalegui, Cruzalegui Enrique Artur, and Burgos Yvan Gerardo Perez. "Diseño de controles internos para la gestión de existencias en Grifo Tobi EIRL, periodo 2017-2018." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Católica Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12423/2282.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Las MYPES no suelen implementar controles internos, razón por la cual llegan a sufrir de robos por parte de sus trabajadores o pérdidas reiteradas, las cuales llegan a ser descubiertas cuando ya hay un gran perjuicio en la empresa. Por este motivo la presente investigación buscó diseñar controles internos para la gestión de existencias en la empresa Grifo Tobi EIRL. La presente investigación es de tipo aplicada, de nivel descriptivo y explicativo y enfoque cualitativo, con un diseño no experimental. A través de cuestionarios a los empleados y de la elaboración de 2 flujogramas se pudo averiguar el nivel de confiabilidad de los controles internos de la empresa, tanto en la gestión de compras como en la de ventas, de lo que se pudo concluir que eran prácticamente inexistentes los controles internos, corriendo así grandes riesgos la empresa en cuanto a la posesión de sus existencias. Finalmente en base a las evidencias y el marco teórico, se diseñaron controles internos para la gestión de existencias, además de un manual de funciones organizacionales y un organigrama; concluyendo que es de suma importancia que todo sea implementado en la mayor prontitud posible, porque hay grandes probabilidades de que la empresa pueda estar viéndose afectada.
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Nehme, Mohamad Jaafar. "Next generation state-machine replication protocols for data centers." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAM077/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
De nombreux protocoles Total Order Broadcast uniformes ont été conçus au cours des 30 dernières années. Ils peuvent être classés en deux catégories: ceux qui visent une faible latence, et ceux qui visent à haut débit. Latence mesure le temps nécessaire pour effectuer un seul message diffusé sans prétention, alors que le débit mesure le nombre d'émissions que les processus peuvent compléter par unité de temps quand il y a discorde. Tous les protocoles qui ont été conçus pour autant faire l'hypothèse que le réseau sous-jacent ne sont pas partagées par d'autres applications en cours d'exécution. Ceci est une préoccupation majeure à condition que dans les centres de données modernes (aka Clouds), l'infrastructure de mise en réseau est partagée par plusieurs applications. La conséquence est que, dans de tels environnements, le total des protocoles afin de diffusion uniformes présentent des comportements instables.Dans cette thèse, j'ai conçu et mis en œuvre un nouveau protocole pour la Total Order Broadcast uniforme qui optimise la performance lorsqu'il est exécuté dans des environnements multi-Data Centers et le comparer avec plusieurs algorithmes de l'état de l'art.Dans cette thèse, je présente deux contributions. La première contribution est MDC-Cast un nouveau protocole pour Total Order Broadcast dans lesquelles il optimise les performances des systèmes distribués lorsqu'ils sont exécutés dans des environnements multi-centres de données. MDC-Cast combine les avantages de la multidiffusion IP dans les environnements de cluster et unicast TCP/IP pour obtenir un algorithme hybride qui fonctionne parfaitement entre les centres de données.La deuxième contribution est un algorithme conçu pour déboguer les performances dans les systèmes distribués en boîte noire. L'algorithme n'est pas encore publié car il nécessite plus de tests pour une meilleure généralisation<br>Many uniform total order broadcast protocols have been designed in the last 30 years. They can be classified into two categories: those targeting low latency, and those targeting high throughput. Latency measures the time required to complete a single message broadcast without contention, whereas throughput measures the number of broadcasts that the processes can complete per time unit when there is contention. All the protocols that have been designed so far make the assumption that the underlying network is not shared by other applications running. This is a major concern provided that in modern data centers (aka Clouds), the networking infrastructure is shared by several applications. The consequence is that, in such environments, uniform total order broadcast protocols exhibit unstable behaviors.In this thesis, I provide two contributions. The first contribution is MDC-Cast a new protocol for total order broadcasts in which it optimizes the performance of distributed systems when executed in multi-data center environments. MDC-Cast combines the benefits of IP-multicast in cluster environments and TCP/IP unicast to get a hybrid algorithm that works perfectly in between datacenters.The second contribution is an algorithm designed for debugging performance in black-box distributed systems. The algorithm is not published yet due to the fact that it needs more tests for a better generalization
29
Jha, Gopesh. "Assessing the impact of 74ka Toba Super eruption on palaeovegetation of Late Pleistocene South Asia using sedimentary organic biomarkers." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31788.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A erupção de ~74ka Toba é considerada o maior evento vulcânico explosivo dos últimos 23 milhões de anos, com um Índice de Explosividade Volcânica (VEI) de 8,8. Pensa-se que tenha causado um caos global, levando a um arrefecimento global drástico e a um estrangulamento populacional. Muitos registos climáticos globais e estudos de simulação mostraram que ~74ka erupção de Toba teve um impacto severo no hemisfério norte e pode ter afectado também zonas hiper-áridas do hemisfério sul. No entanto, é difícil dizer a manifestação do impacto de Toba no ambiente terrestre local e regional devido à falta de registos ambientais terrestres bem actualizados. A investigação actual fornece uma imagem holística do cenário paleo-ambiental de duas zonas biogeográficas diversas (isto é, planície costeira e inter-montano) que estão directamente associadas ao jovem Toba tufo (YTT). A investigação multi-proxy destes locais levou a seguir inferências: 1) O ambiente local de Tejpor e Jwalapuram já estava inclinado para condições mais secas antes do evento de Toba, sugerindo sinais de evento global GI-20S; 2) Jwalapuram mostra o impacto imediato da erupção de YTT em termos de ambiente húmido e seco altamente instável e oscilante, a queda de cinzas sufocou o sistema fluvial e causou também um certo grau de desflorestação; 3) Tejpor mostra o impacto a longo prazo do YTT, o ambiente local parece ter-se tornado mais seco embora a rotação climática não seja tão severa. A investigação actual sugere que Toba tem um impacto notável que varia no tempo (duração), bem como no espaço. No entanto, é altamente improvável que tenha desencadeado um evento de nível de extinção, uma vez que ambos mostram o sinal de um rápido ressurgimento; Assessing the impact of 74ka Toba Super eruption on palaeovegetation of Late Pleistocene South Asia using sedimentary organic biomarkers - ABSTRACT:
The ~74ka Toba eruption is considered the largest explosive volcanic event of the last 23 million years, with a Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) of 8.8. It thought to have caused global havoc, leading to drastic global cooling and population bottleneck. Many global climatic records and simulation studies have shown that ~74ka Toba eruption had severe impact on northern hemisphere and may have affected hyper-arid zones of southern hemisphere as well. However, it is hard to tell the manifestation of Toba impact on local and regional terrestrial environment due to lack of well-dated terrestrial environmental record. Current research provides holistic picture of paleoenvironmental setting of two diverse bio-geographical zones (i.e., coastal plain and inter-montane) that are directly associated with young Toba tuff (YTT). Multi-proxy investigation of these sites led to following inferences: 1) Local environment of Tejpor and Jwalapuram was already inclined towards drier conditions prior to Toba event, suggesting sign of global GI-20S event; 2) Jwalapuram shows immediate impact of YTT eruption in terms of highly unstable and oscillating wet-dry environment, ashfall choked the riverine system and caused certain degree of deforestation as well; 3) Tejpor shows the long-term impact of YTT, local environment seems to have become drier although climatic turnover is not that severe. Current investigation suggest that Toba does have remarkable impact that varies in time (duration) as well as space. However, it is highly unlikely that it would have triggered extinction level event, as both shows the sign of rapid resurgence.
30
Smaniotto, Elaine. "Relacoes de genero entre populacoes indigenas nomades do Chaco Abipon, Mocovi, Toba, Payagua e Mbaya seculo XVIII /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.dominiopublico.gov.br/download/texto/cp000150.pdf.
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Varol, Oğuz. "Kriterien für Tor1[alpha] (E, F)=0 [Tor 1 alpha (E, F)=0] für (DF)- und Frécheträume." [S.l. : s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=969223277.
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Pita, César. "CineScrúpulos (Año 6. Número 16. Marzo de 2018)." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625037.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Los textos de la presente edición de Cine Scrúpulos han sido elaborados por los alumnos, profesores y colaboradores de la Facultad de Comunicaciones de la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas. Las imágenes utilizadas han sido obtenidas de distintas páginas web. El uso de las mismas se inscribe en lo estrictamente académico y divulgativo.<br>... llega a los oídos de una manera que no da tregua. Ese es uno de los principales
recuerdos de la que debe ser una de las películas de terror más mentadas de
toda la historia. Y su creador ha muerto hace poco. Justo cuando empezábamos
a asimilar la partida de George A. Romero, ese gran creador del cine grotesco, se
nos va otra pieza clave del gore. Es por eso que en CineScrúpulos hemos querido
rendir homenaje a dos de nuestros directores más queridos en estas ediciones
pequeñas de verano.
Pero no vaya a pensarse que Hooper es un creador coherente que hilvanó a la
perfección una obra que podría codearse con otros grandes del séptimo arte.
Lamentablemente, quizás porque se trató de un chispazo, porque no contó con
los recursos necesarios o porque simplemente la actividad cinematográfica se
convirtió en una mera excusa que le permitía comer, la filmografía del buen Tobe
está plagada de algunos plomazos insufribles y aventuras desteñidas en la pantalla
chica. Sin embargo, eso no debe ser motivo para olvidar piezas claves que
cualquier fanático del terror con dos dedos de frente debería haber visto y revisto
mientras se relame con gusto. Ahí están The Texas chain saw massacre, Eaten
alive, Poltergeist o Lifeforce para demostrarlo.
Pero esta edición de CineScrúpulos también se engalana con un texto acerca de los
acercamientos de Tim Burton al cine de invasión extraterrestre en esa oda a la exageración
que es Marcianos al ataque. Y si con ello no basta, pues nos acercamos un poco
a la televisión para dar cuenta de hasta qué punto David Fincher es capaz de mantener
sus constantes estéticas durante sus aventuras en las series que llevan su firma.
Todo está sazonado de tal manera que la edición número 16 de CineScrúpulos
sea de tu agrado. Y debido a ciertos cambios en la estructura de los trabajos finales
del curso, pero sobre todo gracias al enorme talento de los estudiantes del
presente ciclo, tenemos material para más y hemos decidido publicar este verano
dos ediciones de nuestra pequeña revista. De ese modo está todo lo que debe
estar y tú no pierdes la oportunidad de deleitarte con la sana y amena lectura del
equipo de redacción. Como si estuvieras a medianoche en tu casa y de pronto
escucharas que el abuelo está con ganas de sentirse matarife mientras Leatherface
estrena rostro nuevo y tú te preguntas dónde demonios dejaste el cadáver de la
abuela. Ya sabes: lo más importante es la familia.
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Dixon, Laura Evelyn. "Investigation of light inputs into plant circadian clocks." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5266.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Circadian clocks are biological signalling networks which have a period of ~24 hours under constant environmental conditions. They have been identified in a wide range of organisms, from cyanobacteria to mammals and through the temporal co-ordination of biological processes are believed to increase individual fitness. The mechanisms which generate these self-sustained rhythms, the pathways of entrainment and the target outputs of the clock are all areas of great interest to circadian biologists. The plant circadian clock is believed to comprise of interlocking feedback loops of transcription and translation. The morning MYB-transcription factors CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1 (CCA1) and LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY) bind to the promoter of TIMING OF CAB2 1 (TOC1) and repress its expression, as well as their own. As levels of CCA1 and LHY fall, TOC1 is expressed and activates the expression of its repressors. This is a simplified version of the known clock components and the current model contains this core loop as well as an interlocked morning and evening loop, which also incorporates some post-translational modification (Chapter 1). Understanding the plant circadian network and its entrainment are the topics of this thesis. The study has focused on two plant species, the land plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the picoeukaryotic marine algae Ostreococcus tauri. In both of these species light-mediated entrainment of the clock has been investigated (Chapter 8), as well as the core circadian mechanism. In A. thaliana the role of a circadian associated gene, EARLY FLOWERING 3 has been a particular focus for investigation, through both experimentation and mathematical models (Chapters 4 and 5). In O. tauri the responses to light signals have been tested, as have the circadian responses to pharmacological manipulation (Chapters 6, 7 and 8). The work presented identifies a role for ELF3 in the repression of circadian genes and also links it with the regulation of protein stability. Likewise, in O. tauri the regulation of protein stability is identified to be a key mechanism for sustaining circadian rhythms. As well as investigating the clock in plants, certain photoreceptors have been characterised in S. cerevisiae with the aim of linking them to a synthetic oscillator. Together the work presented in this thesis provides evidence for the circadian community to aid with the understanding of circadian rhythms in plants, and possibly other organisms.
34
Hasselgren, Johan. "Rural Batak, kings in Medan : The development of Toba Batak ethno-religious identity in Medan, Indonesia, 1912-1965." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study explores the history of the Toba Batak community in the city of Medan from1912 to 1965. The Toba Batak have traditionally lived in the rural interior highlands ofSumatra. In this region, their specific ethno-religious identity was developed. Thecrucial factor in the process was the activities and the theological convictions of theGerman Rhenish mission on which the Toba Batak themselves had a significant impact. During the first few decades of the 20th century the Toba Batak began to migrate to the plantation region on the east coast of Sumatra and its commercial entrepôt Medan.In this region, where the Malay Muslim culture was the local dominant culture, theystrove to fulfil their cultural ideals, among which the ideal of harajaon (kingdom) iscentral. The main analytical question pursued is: How did the Toba Batak ethno-religious identity develop in Medan, within the framework of the ethnic, religious, social andpolitical currents in the city? This question is analysed in terms of their changing relations to their area of origin,the interaction with other groups in Medan and the efforts of the Toba Batak to buildup their own organisations. The main focus is on the development of Christiancongregations, but the analysis also takes voluntary, political and women's organisationsinto account. The changing conditions for local ecumenical co-operation are alsoexplored. A wide selection of sources is used, such as missionary reports and correspondence, Dutch colonial records and Toba Batak written and oral sources. Most of these sources have not or only partly been employed in previous research.
35
Pearce, Alice Rosemary. "Investigation of the interactions between AB13 (ABA insensitive 3) and TOC1 (timing of CAB expression 1) in Arabidopsis." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399905.
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Gultekin, Inci. "The Analysis Of The Perceptions Of English Language Instructors At Tobb University Of Economics And Technology Regarding Inset Content." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608814/index.pdf.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study was to analyze the extent of instructors at TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Department of Foreign Languages regard in-service training programs crucial for their professional development. Another aspect of the study was to identify the professional needs of the instructors teaching preparatory classes as well as to determine the preferred instructional methods of an INSET program. The final aim of the study was to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between novice and experienced instructors regarding their needs and expectation of an in-service training program.The study was conducted among thirty-nine instructors who are teaching preparatory classes at TOBB ETU, DFL. The chairperson of the DFL also took part in the study.
Data from the 39 instructors were collected through questionnaires which were developed to uncover the opinions of instructors in terms of the characteristics of effective in-service training programs, to identify the needs of the instructors and determine the instructional methods preferred in-service training program. The questionnaires included both Likert scale and open-ended items. Moreover, 50-minute lessons of 10 instructors were video recorded. Video recordings aimed to identify the needs of the instructors that should be addressed through an in-service training program. Finally, interviews were conducted with 10 instructors whose classes were video recorded. The aim of the interviews was to enable the instructors to reflect on the findings of the questionnaires and the video recordings. Another interview was conducted with the chairperson of the DFL to uncover to what extent his perceptions about in-service training activities correlate with those of the instructors.
Data collected through the instruments were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Close-ended items were analyzed via the SPSS program and mean scores for each item were calculated besides an independent sample t-test. The qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis.
The results of the study revealed that the instructors believe INSET is crucial for their professional development, they would like to keep on track with new developments in the field of ELT and participate in seminars and conferences as part of INSET programs. In terms of the professional needs, it was found that instrcutors need to be trained on teaching speaking skills and pronunciation, written and oral correction, promoting student autonomy, dealing with classroom management problems, teaching mixed-ability groups, raising language awareness of students and reflecting on their own experience. The t-test results demonstrated that there was a statistical significance between the answers of novice and experienced instructors concerning being trained in &lsquo<br>teaching vocabulary,&rsquo<br>&lsquo<br>teaching grammar&rsquo<br>and &lsquo<br>improving in written and oral correction strategies.&rsquo<br>It was found that experienced teachers are particularly interested in training sessions on teaching grammar, teaching vocabulary, and improving written and oral correction strategies.
As a result of the findings, an ongoing INSET program model was proposed for the Department of Foreign Languages at TOBB ETU.
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Bredereck, Robert [Verfasser], Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Niedermeier, Arkadii [Akademischer Betreuer] Slinko, and Toby [Akademischer Betreuer] Walsh. "Multivariate complexity analysis of team management problems / Robert Bredereck. Gutachter: Rolf Niedermeier ; Arkadii Slinko ; Toby Walsh. Betreuer: Rolf Niedermeier." Berlin : Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1075547113/34.
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Jones, Sacha Claire. "A human catastrophe? : the impact of the ~74,000 year-old supervolcanic eruption of Toba on hominin populations in India." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.612386.
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Tola, Florencia Carmen. ""Je ne suis pas seul(ement) dans mon corps" : corps et multiplicités chez les Toba (Qom) du Chaco argentin." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0201.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Dans cette thèse sont analysés les attributs qui définissent la personne et le corps chez les Toba du chaco argentin. Notre intérêt pour le concept de personne et de corps nous a conduit à aborder le corps comme l'espace où s'instaurent les relations et où se produit la vie sociale, et comme la condition de possibilité du devenir de la personne. L'idée du corps en tant que centre d'agencement des relations a donné lieu à la notion de personne multiple qui se manifeste en adoptant différents régimes de corporéité. Les connexions corporelles rendues possibles par la circulation d'éléments, conçus comme des extensions des personnes, se sont dévoilées comme le biais par lequel les relations sont possibles. Tout d'abord, le corpus mythologique a servi de point de départ à l'exploration des entités du cosmos en vue d'approfondir l'importance du corps dans les processus de différenciation des personnes. . Ensuite , l'approche du corps à partir des substances corporelles a conduit à l'analyse des liens entre mes émotions et la cognition<br>In this thesis I analyse how the Toba people of the argentinean Chaco define the person and the body. I examine the body as the space where the relations are established and as the condition for the creation of the person. The idea of the body as the centre of the fulfilment of interpersonal relations has given rise to the notion of the multiple person, which manifests itself adopting different forms of of corporeity. The corporeal connections are realized through the circulation of elements conceived of as "extensions" of persons. These connections are the indirect ways through which relations are made possible. First, the mythological body has served as the starting point for the exploration of entities of the cosmos with the aim of increasing the importance of the body in the processes of differentiation. Second, considering the body from the perspective of corporeal substances, I analyze the links between emotions and cognition
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川本, 崇仁. "U snRNA の成熟と分解の分子機構の研究". Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263510.
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Kalisch, Michael [Verfasser], Martin [Gutachter] Ammon, Jutta [Gutachter] Kunz-Drolshagen, and Toby [Gutachter] Wiseman. "Numerical construction and critical behavior of Kaluza-Klein black holes / Michael Kalisch ; Gutachter: Martin Ammon, Jutta Kunz-Drolshagen, Toby Wiseman." Jena : Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170398693/34.
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Steiner, Simone Karin. "Untersuchungen zur Lokalisation und Funktion der cAMP-induzierten Proteine IFR1 und TOB bei der terminalen Erythrozytendifferenzierung." kostenfrei, 2009. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1282/.
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Budd, David A. "Characterising volcanic magma plumbing systems : A tool to improve eruption forecasting at hazardous volcanoes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Mineralogi, petrologi och tektonik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-267473.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This thesis attempts to develop our understanding of volcanic magma plumbing systems and the magmatic processes that operate within them, such as fractional crystallisation, crustal partial melting, assimilation, and magma mixing. I utilise petrology, rock and mineral geochemistry, and isotope systematics to seek to improve our ability to forecast the eruptive frequency and style of active volcanoes, an aspect often lacking in current volcano monitoring efforts. In particular, magma reservoir dynamics are investigated from a mineral scale at Katla volcano in Iceland, to a sub-mineral scale at Merapi, Kelud, and Toba volcanoes in Indonesia. The magma plumbing architecture of Katla volcano on Iceland is explored in the first part of this thesis. Crystalline components within tephra and volcanic rock preserve a record of the physical and chemical evolution of a magma, and are analysed through oxygen isotopic and thermobarometric techniques to temporally constrain changes in reservoir depth and decode the petrogenesis of the lavas. We find both prolonged upper crustal magma storage and shallow level assimilation to be occurring at Katla. The results generated from combining these analytical strands reveal the potential for unpredictable explosive volcanism at this lively Icelandic volcano. The second part of this thesis examines the magma plumbing systems of Merapi, Kelud and Toba volcanoes of the Sunda arc in Indonesia at higher temporal and petrological resolution than possible for Katla (e.g., due to the crystal poor character of the rocks). For this part of the thesis, minerals were analysed in-situ to take advantage of sub-crystal scale isotopic variations in order to investigate processes of shallow-level assimilation in the build-up to particular eruptions. We find that intra-crystal analyses reveal an otherwise hidden differentiation history at these volcanoes, and establish a better understanding as to how they may have rapidly achieved a critical explosive state. The outcomes of this thesis therefore deepen our knowledge of evolutionary trends in magma plumbing system dynamics, and highlight the importance of understanding the geochemical processes that can prime a volcano for eruption. Lastly, I emphasise the vital contribution petrology can make in current volcano monitoring efforts.
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Klein, Astrid. "A structural analysis of the TOB complex, the insertase for Beta-barrel proteins of the mitochondrial outer membrane." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-150786.
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Doidge, Rachel L. "The anti-proliferative activity of BTG/TOB proteins is mediated via the Caf1a (CNOT7)/Caf1b (CNOT8) deadenylase enzymes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13012/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The human BTG/TOB protein family comprises six members (BTG1, BTG2/PC3/Tis21, BTG3/Ana, BTG4/PC3B, TOB1/Tob, and TOB2) that display anti-proliferative activity in a number of cell types. They are characterised by a conserved N-terminal BTG domain that mediates interactions with the Caf1a (CNOT7) and Caf1b (CNOT8) deadenylases. It was unclear whether the anti-proliferative activity of the BTG/TOB proteins was mediated through interactions with Caf1a (CNOT7) and Caf1b (CNOT8). To address this we further characterised the amino acid residues located along the BTG2 and TOB1 interaction surface with Caf1a (CNOT7)/Caf1b (CNOT8) to identify residues required for the interaction. We then analysed the role of BTG2 and TOB1 in the regulation of cell proliferation, translation and mRNA abundance using a mutant that is no longer able to interact with Caf1a (CNOT7)/Caf1b (CNOT8). We conclude that the anti-proliferative activity of BTG/TOB proteins is mediated through interactions with the Caf1a (CNOT7) and Caf1b (CNOT8) deadenylase enzymes. We also demonstrate that recruitment of BTG2 and TOB1 to mRNA leads to reduced protein levels and mRNA degradation. Furthermore, we show that the regulation of mRNA abundance and protein levels is dependent on Caf1a (CNOT7)/Caf1b (CNOT8), but does not appear to require other Ccr4-Not components, including the Ccr4a (CNOT6)/Ccr4b (CNOT6L) deadenylases, or the non-catalytic subunits CNOT1 or CNOT3.
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Vivaldi, Ana Inés. ""If I have a job in the city, I'll go to the bush on weekends" : place production among Toba people in northern Argentina." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31415.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Indigenous struggles over places are a response to the spatial reconfiguration that is part of an
ongoing process of colonization. This thesis explores how urban indigenous people contest social
exclusion through everyday place-making. I analyze how the residents of the Lote 68, an
indigenous neighborhood in the city of Formosa (Northern Argentina), cope with their position
of marginality within the city, by simultaneously embracing a project of "progress" and by reappropriating
the nearby bushes within rural private properties. The interviews and participant
observation I conducted among this group show that their use of space disputes the hegemonic
notions of aboriginality that articulate it as a poor, backward and a welfare-dependent identity.
Conversely, the bush is a place that offers Lote residents a way of coping with unemployment,
but more importantly, permits them to re-appropriate the notion of aborigen (indigenous person),
recreate meaningful forms of socialization, and ultimately generate an alternative access to the
city.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>Anthropology, Department of<br>Graduate
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Purba, Mauly 1961. "Musical and functional change in the gondang sabangunan tradition of the Protestant Toba Batak 1860s-1990s, with particular reference to the 1980s-1990s." Monash University, Dept. of Music, 1998. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8596.
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Melandri, Vanessa Cristina Rezende. "Padronização e validação do método de inibição de ligação da toxina (ToBI) para determinação da potência de vacinas e soros antidiftéricos e antitetânicos." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2011. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/9567.
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Previous issue date: 2011<br>Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde<br>Produtos biológicos, tais como soros hiperimunes e vacinas, podem ser definidos como produtos derivados ou produzidos a partir de organismos vivos. Isso implica que suas características podem variar de um lote para outro. Conseqüentemente, um minucioso controle da qualidade na liberação de lotes é requerido para garantir que esses produtos sejam seguros e eficazes. O ensaio de potência com animais é um dos ensaios preconizados para garantir a qualidade das vacinas e soros hiperimunes. Somente para realização do ensaio de potência para o produto final de vacinas e soros antidiftéricos (SAD) e antitetânicos (SAT), são utilizados no INCQS cerca de 5.000 animais por ano, desses aproximadamente 4.500 animais são utilizados na etapa de soroneutralização e o restante na etapa de imunização. Neste contexto, e baseado nos princípios dos 3Rs, o objetivo deste trabalho foi padronizar e validar o método imunoenzimático de inibição da ligação da toxina (ToBI) capaz de avaliar a potência de SAD, SAT e de vacinas bacterianas combinadas: tétano-difteria uso adulto (dT) e uso infantil (DT) e tétano-difteria-pertussis (DTP), como alternativa da etapa de soroneutralização do ensaio de controle de potência. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o método proposto apresenta linearidade, especificidade e precisão (intra e inter-ensaio) satisfatórias e que é um ensaio confiável, rápido e conveniente para avaliar a potência de componentes diftérico e tetânico presentes em vacinas e soros hiperimunes. Além disso, reduz drasticamente o número de animais usados, o tempo na liberação de laudos e os custos associados ao controle da qualidade destes produtos. O método ToBI apresenta potencial para a substituição do ensaio em animais na determinação de potência de vacinas e soros antidiftéricos e antitetânicos...<br>Produtos biológicos, tais como soros hiperimunes e vacinas, podem ser definidos como produtos derivados ou produzidos a partir de organismos vivos. Isso implica que suas características podem variar de um lote para outro. Conseqüentemente, um minucioso controle da qualidade na liberação de lotes é requerido para garantir que esses produtos sejam seguros e eficazes. O ensaio de potência com animais é um dos ensaios preconizados para garantir a qualidade das vacinas e soros hiperimunes. Somente para realização do ensaio de potência para o produto final de vacinas e soros antidiftéricos (SAD) e antitetânicos (SAT), são utilizados no INCQS cerca de 5.000 animais por ano, desses aproximadamente 4.500 animais são utilizados na etapa de soroneutralização e o restante na etapa de imunização. Neste contexto, e baseado nos princípios dos 3Rs, o objetivo deste trabalho foi padronizar e validar o método imunoenzimático de inibição da ligação da toxina (ToBI) capaz de avaliar a potência de SAD, SAT e de vacinas bacterianas combinadas: tétano-difteria uso adulto (dT) e uso infantil (DT) e tétano-difteria-pertussis (DTP), como alternativa da etapa de soroneutralização do ensaio de controle de potência. Os resultados encontrados indicam que o método proposto apresenta linearidade, especificidade e precisão (intra e inter-ensaio) satisfatórias e que é um ensaio confiável, rápido e conveniente para avaliar a potência de componentes diftérico e tetânico presentes em vacinas e soros hiperimunes. Além disso, reduz drasticamente o número de animais usados, o tempo na liberação de laudos e os custos associados ao controle da qualidade destes produtos. O método ToBI apresenta potencial para a substituição do ensaio em animais na determinação de potência de vacinas e soros antidiftéricos e antitetânicos. Entretanto, para efeitos regulatórios, se faz necessária a realização de um estudo colaborativo, envolvendo laboratórios de diversos segmentos, para conclusão da validação da metodologia considerando os parâmetros já avaliados nessa etapa.
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El-Bakai, Mahmoud T. "Sedimentological, petrographic and geochemical constraints on the origin of extensive dolomites of the Cretaceous Sidi as Sid Formation (Ain Tobi Member) in NW Libya." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35018.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Cretaceous Sidi as Sid Formation outcrops in the Jabal Nafusah Escarpment, northwest Libya. It is composed of two members; the lower Ain Tobi Member and the upper Yifran Member. The Yifran Member consists of marl, dolomitic limestone and gypsum. The Ain Tobi Member is composed entirely of dolomite and in this study is named the "Ain Tobi Dolostone Member". The Sidi as Sid Formation is part of an inner ramp sequence which graded from restricted ramp in the south and southwest into an open to semi-restricted ramp in the northeast. The entire succession is without biostratigraphic markers. Sedimentological, petrographic, geochemical and isotopic studies have led to the definition of five diagenetic dolomite types within the Ain Tobi dolostones; these reflect more than single diagenetic events which were involved in the formation of these dolomites. Type-1 dolomite is laminated, fine, subhedral, stoichiometric to nearly stoichiometric and poorly ordered. It is characterized by homogeneous luminescence, relatively high Sr and Na contents and low Fe and Mn, positive carbon isotope values and negative oxygen isotopic composition. It is suggested that Type-1 dolomite is formed near-surface by reflux dolomitization. Type-2 dolomite is calcian-rich, poorly to moderately ordered and very fine. It replaces packstone/grainstone facies and shows bright yellow luminescence. Type-2 dolomite is Sr-enriched and Fe, Mn, Na-depleted and possesses a similar isotopic composition as dolomite Type-1. Therefore, it is interpreted as a replacive dolomite formed at the near-surface under the influence of mixed water. Type-3 dolomite is a fine to medium dolomite, interbedded with quartz. It is calcian to nearly stoichiometric and moderately ordered. Type-3 dolomite is characterized by dirty orange luminescent cores and very thin bright luminescent rims, high Fe and Mn, but low Sr and Na contents. It has negative carbon and oxygen isotopic composition and is interpreted as dolomite formed in an intermediate stage probably post-compaction under the influence of mixed marine-meteoric water in shallow burial. Type-4 dolomites are calcian to nearly stoichiometric, well ordered, medium to coarse and have dirty orange luminescent cloudy cores and dull clean rims. Type-4 dolomites possess low trace element contents due to recrystallization from precursor dolomites. Type-4 dolomites have normal marine oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions. The Type-4 dolomites are interpreted as being formed by continuous dolomitization processes involving marine-meteoric pore-water mixing in shallow burial situations. Type-5 dolomite (saddle dolomite) is coarse to very coarse with orange luminescent cloudy cores and dull clean rims. It is calcian-rich, well ordered and posses low Fe, Mn and Sr contents and a relatively high Na concentration. Its isotopic composition is the lightest in oxygen and has a similar carbon composition compared to other dolomite types. Type-5 dolomite is interpreted as being formed at a late stage in deeper burial and elevated temperature environment. Two types of replacive calcite (dedolomite) are found to replace dolomite in the Ain Tobi sequence. The first, is found close to the unconformity surface. These calcites show replaced cores and thin unreplaced dolomite zones. These dedolomite crystals are characterized by complex luminescent zonation and are interpreted as an early replacement under the influence of marine-meteoric mixing water. The second type is observed in the upper part of the Ain Tobi sequence and is characterized by very coarse or blocky crystals with replaced rims and/or whole dolomite rhombs. This calcite is interpreted as a dolomite replacement formed at a late stage under the influence of freshwater as indicated by very light delta18O values.
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Spinner, Lara. "Un mécanisme ancestral de détermination du plan de division chez les plantes terrestres : rôle du TON1 et FASS dans la régulation de cytosquelette cortical." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112019.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les mutants tonneau sont caractérisés par des anomalies morphologiques, causées par des défauts d’organisation de cytosquelette cortical. Ce sont les seuls mutants décrits à ce jour incapables de former la bande de préprophase (PPB), structure spécifique des cellules végétales, qui marque la position des plans de division. Les protéines TON1 interagissent avec une nouvelle famille de protéines décrite au laboratoire et appelée TIM, comprenant 31 membres, et dont certaines TIM1 sont des MAPs (microtubules associated protein). La localisation de TON1 au cytosquelette est en partie déépendante de TIM1. Le gène FASS code une protéine qui présente des similarités avec les sous unités régulatrices des complexes phosphatase PP2A. Nous avons pu montrer que FASS est associée à la PPB, interagit avec TON1 in vivo et est recrutée au cytosquelette par l’intermédiaire de TIM1. FASS interagit avec RCN1 sous unités structurale des complexes PP2A et permet son recrutement au cytosquelette, par l’intermédiaire de TIM1. L’étude de l’homologue de TON1 chez P. Patents a révélé la conservation de la fonction de TON1 dans l’organisation du cytosquelette cortical des cellules à croissance diffuse, mais a aussi révélé un rôle de PpTON1 dans la perception de la gravité des cellules à croissance apicale de mousse, fonction jusqu’à présent ignorée chez Arabidopsis. Nos résultats permettent de mettre en évidence la conservation des évènements de régulation du cytosquelette au sein de la lignée verte et suggèrent que malgré la divergence évolutive, des fonctions impliquées dans l’organisation des microtubules, similaires à celles qui existent au sein des centrosomes animaux, sont conservées<br>The tonneau1 and fass mutants display considerable morphologic alterations associated with abnomalities in microtubules organisation at the plant cell’s cortex. These are the only mutants that are unable to form the preprophase band (PPB), a ring of microtubules that appears at G2/M transition and forecasts the future division site. TON1 proteins interact with a new family of 31 proteins named TIM, among which some, as the TIM1 protein, are MAPs (Microtubulus associated proteins). TON1 localization on cortical arrays seems to depend on TIM1. The FASS gene encodes a protein that shares similarities with a regulatory subunit of phosphatase PP2A complex. We showed that FASS localizes at the PPB, interacts with TON1 in vivo, and is targeted to the cytoskeleton via its interaction with TON1 and TIM1. FASS also interacts with RCN1, a scaffolding subunits of PP2A complex in A. Thaliana. RCN1 is targeted to the cytoskeleton through its interaction with FASS. Our working model is that the PP2A complex targeted to the cytoskeleton controls the phosphorylation status of MAPs and regulated microtubules organisation. The study of TON1 homolog in P. Patens reveals that TON1 function in the organisation of cortical microtubules arrays is conserved and reveals that PpTON1 is implicated in gravi-perception, a function not described in A. Thaliana. Ours results help to clarify cortical cytoskeleton regulation events and highlight their conservation among land plants and suggest that despites the evolutive divergence, functions that are implicated in microtubules organisation, similar to those usually associated with animal’s centrosome are conserved