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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Thermo-osmosis »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 21 décembre 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Thermo-osmosis"

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Chen, Weiqiang, Majid Sedighi et Andrey P. Jivkov. « Thermo-osmosis in silica nanochannels ». Japanese Geotechnical Society Special Publication 9, no 5 (12 octobre 2021) : 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/jgssp.v09.cpeg150.

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Zhai, Xinle, et Kamelia Atefi-Monfared. « Impact of local thermal non-equilibrium on temporal thermo-hydro-mechanical processes in low permeable porous media ». E3S Web of Conferences 205 (2020) : 09012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020509012.

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The thermo-hydraulic-mechanical (THM) response of low permeable media is of crucial significance in thermal fracturing for production of unconventional shale oil, enhanced geothermal systems, and waste disposal. During such processes, pore pressures and stresses change in a spatiotemporal manner due to hydraulic and thermal loadings. From the viewpoint of the energy balance equation, the available theoretical studies can be classified as local thermal equilibrium (LTE), and local thermal non-equilibrium (LTNE) models. LTE models consider identical temperature for different phase of the porous system. LTNE models allow different temperature variations in solid and fluid phases of a porous medium. Current LTNE studies are weakly-coupled – not incorporating thermo-osmosis. This paper presents novel coupled LTNE thermo-poroelastic solutions in a transversely isotropic saturated porous medium, incorporating thermo- osmosis effect. Solutions are obtained for permeable and impermeable boundaries. Thermo-osmosis is found to have a very different effect in case of LTNE versus LTE, resulting in a fundamentally different THM response. LTNE effect analysis reveals different THM responses under different heat transfer properties at the solid-fluid interface in low permeable strata.
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Chen, Wei Qiang, Majid Sedighi et Andrey P. Jivkov. « Thermo-osmosis in hydrophilic nanochannels : mechanism and size effect ». Nanoscale 13, no 3 (2021) : 1696–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr06687g.

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Mechanistic understanding of thermo-osmosis at nano scale is linked with non-equilibrium thermodynamics of the phenomenon. Fluid molecules at the boundary layers of solid surfaces experience a driving force which generates thermo-osmotic flow.
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Cho, Yeonsu, et Hyo Kang. « Influence of the anionic structure and central atom of a cation on the properties of LCST-type draw solutes for forward osmosis ». RSC Advances 12, no 45 (2022) : 29405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2ra05131a.

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Proesmans, Karel, et Daan Frenkel. « Comparing theory and simulation for thermo-osmosis ». Journal of Chemical Physics 151, no 12 (28 septembre 2019) : 124109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5123164.

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Yang, Yang, Klaus Guerlebeck et Tom Schanz. « Thermo-Osmosis Effect in Saturated Porous Medium ». Transport in Porous Media 104, no 2 (21 mai 2014) : 253–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0332-5.

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Savić-Šević, Svetlana, Dejan Pantelić, Branka Murić, Dušan Grujić, Darko Vasiljević, Branko Kolaric et Branislav Jelenković. « Thermo-osmotic metamaterials with large negative thermal expansion ». Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no 26 (2021) : 8163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc01028j.

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Fernández-Pineda, Cristóbal, et M. Isabel Vázquez-González. « Temperature dependence of thermo-osmosis. A solution model ». Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions 1 : Physical Chemistry in Condensed Phases 85, no 5 (1989) : 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/f19898501019.

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Ash, Richard, Richard M. Barrer, A. Vernon Edge, Terence Foley et Christopher L. Murray. « Thermo-osmosis of sorbable gases in porous media. » Journal of Membrane Science 76, no 1 (janvier 1993) : 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0376-7388(93)87001-r.

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Kamio, Eiji, Hiroki Kurisu, Tomoki Takahashi, Atsushi Matsuoka, Tomohisa Yoshioka, Keizo Nakagawa et Hideto Matsuyama. « Using Reverse Osmosis Membrane at High Temperature for Water Recovery and Regeneration from Thermo-Responsive Ionic Liquid-Based Draw Solution for Efficient Forward Osmosis ». Membranes 11, no 8 (31 juillet 2021) : 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11080588.

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Forward osmosis (FO) membrane process is expected to realize energy-saving seawater desalination. To this end, energy-saving water recovery from a draw solution (DS) and effective DS regeneration are essential. Recently, thermo-responsive DSs have been developed to realize energy-saving water recovery and DS regeneration. We previously reported that high-temperature reverse osmosis (RO) treatment was effective in recovering water from a thermo-responsive ionic liquid (IL)-based DS. In this study, to confirm the advantages of the high-temperature RO operation, thermo-sensitive IL-based DS was treated by an RO membrane at temperatures higher than the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the DS. Tetrabutylammonium 2,4,6-trimethylbenznenesulfonate ([N4444][TMBS]) with an LCST of 58 °C was used as the DS. The high-temperature RO treatment was conducted at 60 °C above the LCST using the [N4444][TMBS]-based DS-lean phase after phase separation. Because the [N4444][TMBS]-based DS has a significantly temperature-dependent osmotic pressure, the DS-lean phase can be concentrated to an osmotic pressure higher than that of seawater at room temperature (20 °C). In addition, water can be effectively recovered from the DS-lean phase until the DS concentration increased to 40 wt%, and the final DS concentration reached 70 wt%. From the results, the advantages of RO treatment of the thermo-responsive DS at temperatures higher than the LCST were confirmed.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Thermo-osmosis"

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Seuwin, Thibaut. « Théorie de la thermophorèse des protéines ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0198.

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La thermophorèse est l’emergence d’un gradient de concentration d’une espèce en solution sousl’effet d’un gradient de température. Selon le système, les molécules en solution s’accumulent côté chaudou côté froid, selon plusieurs paramètres, tels que le solvent, la concentration, ou encore la température. Lecas de la thermophorèse des protéines dans l’eau en régime dilué est particulier : la direction du gradientde concentration dépend de la température elle même. A relativement basse température, typiquement endessous de 20 Celsius degrees, les molécules s’accumulent côté chaud, et aux plus hautes températures côtéfroid. Ce comportement a été observé avec des systèmes divers, comme les polypeptides et l’ADN. Jusqu’ici,les théories développées autour de la thermophorèse ont été notamment capables d’expliquer avec succès lamigration des aérosols et des colloïdes chargés vers le froid, mais n’ont pas pu rendre compte de l’accumulationvers le chaud à basse température, ni le changement de comportement observé aux alentours de 20 degrésCelsius. Les interactions entre le solvent et la surface des particles sont à l’origine du déplacement sousl’effet du gradient de température, mais dans le cas des protéines en milieu aqueux, les contributions desinteractions électrostatiques, van der Waals et hydrophobes ont été montrées incapables de rendre compte del’observation expérimentale. En se basant sur des indices montrant un lien entre hydrophilie et thermophorèse,nous soupçonnons les liaisons hydrogènes formées entre la surface de la particle et les molécules d’eau de jouerun rôle majeur dans l’accumulation vers les endroits chauds. Nous développons un modèle théorique, basésur une approche mécanique où nous considérons les molécules d’eau comme des objects discrets, établissantdes liaisons hydrogènes avec les sites hydrophiles à la surface de la particule, par des sauts. Les observationsexpérimentales indiquent une dépendance en température de ces sauts. Avec un gradient de température,cela pourrait résulter en un écoulement des molécules d’eau vers le bord froid, propulsant la particule versle bord chaud. Notre modèle a donné des résultats encourageants, qualitativement et quantitativement, etsemble valider l’hypothèse d’une contribution au mouvement, dirigée vers le chaud, ayant pour origine lessauts des molécules d’eau à la surface de la particule
Thermophoresis is the emergence of a concentration gradient of a dissolved species generated by atemperature gradient. From one system to another, the molecules of the solute species accumulate on the hotside or the cold side, depending on several parameters, such as solvent, concentration, and temperature. Thecase of protein thermophoresis in water in dilute regime is particular, because the direction of accumulationdepends on temperature: at relatively low temperatures, typically below 20 Celsius degrees, the moleculesmigrate to the hot side, but at higher temperatures to the cold side. This behavior has been reported for severalsystems, such as polypeptides or DNA. So far, the theoretical understandings of thermophoresis have notablybeen capable of explaining the migration of aerosols and charged colloids away from the hot spot, but havenot been able to describe successfully the accumulation in hotter areas, nor the change of behavior reportedat temperatures around 20 Celsius degrees. The interactions between the solvent and the particle’s surfaceare responsible for the thermophoretic motion; however, in the case of protein thermophoresis in aqueousmedium, the contributions of electrostatic, van der Waals and hydrophobic interactions cannot account forthe experimental observation. Based on some clues that highlight a connection between hydrophilicity andthermophoresis, we suspect the hydrogen bonds formed between the particle surface and water to play a majorrole in the motion towards the hotter areas. We develop a theoretical model, based on a mechanical approachthat treat water molecules as discrete objects, that establish hydrogen bonds with the hydrophilic spots atthe surface of the particle, jumping tangentially. Experimental data support the idea that jumps feature atemperature dependence. Combined with a temperature gradient, this could result in a creep flow of watertowards the colder areas, propelling the particle to hotter places. Our model has given encouraging results,both qualitatively and quantitatively, that those jumps could be responsible for a contribution directing themotion of particles towards the hot spot
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Lacroix, Clément. « Procédé thermo-hydraulique solaire pour le dessalement par osmose inverse ». Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0001.

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L’osmose inverse est la technique de dessalement la plus utilisée actuellement, principalement pour sa faible consommation spécifique d’énergie. Les procédés d’osmose inverse alimentés par une source d’énergie solaire se développent de plus en plus du fait de l’efficacité énergétique de ce procédé membranaire et de la disponibilité de la ressource solaire, particulièrement importante dans les zones à fort stress hydrique. Un procédé de dessalement thermo-hydraulique solaire est ici analysé et évalué avec pour objectif une production autonome d'eau douce à partir d’eaux saumâtres compatible avec les besoins d’un village décentralisé.Ce procédé innovant de dessalement par osmose inverse permet d'exploiter une source de chaleur basse température (50-80°C) convertie en énergie hydraulique par un cycle thermodynamique moteur dans lequel la détente d’un fluide de travail permet directement de pressuriser l’eau saumâtre à traiter. Une modélisation dynamique de ce procédé a été réalisée pour permettre une évaluation du procédé dont le fonctionnement cyclique est fortement dynamique. Une attention particulière a été portée sur le comportement dynamique du module membranaire, soumis à des variations cycliques de pression, dont le modèle dynamique d’osmose inverse qui a été validé expérimentalement. Le comportement du procédé global a ainsi été simulé et analysé sur quelques cycles, puis sur une journée entière avec des conditions d'ensoleillement différentes, pour évaluer l'impact des conditions opératoires variables, ainsi que de la salinité et de la température de l'eau sur la dynamique de fonctionnement du procédé et établir des stratégies de contrôle-commande pour maximiser ses performances. Une réflexion sur les zone d’implantations géographiques a également été menée. Ces simulations ont montré que ce procédé permet de produire de 450 à 750 litres d'eau douce par jour et par unité de surface du capteur solaire pour des salinités variant de 2 à 6 g.L-1, avec une consommation d’énergie spécifique de l'ordre de 6 kWhth.m-3 et pour un coût, estimé en première approximation à partir du coût d'un prototype actuellement en cours de développement, d’environ 8 m-3 d’eau produite
Reverse osmosis is the most widely used desalination technique today, mainly because of its low specific energy consumption. Reverse osmosis processes powered by a solar energy source are more and more developed because of their energy efficiency and the solar resource availability, matching particularly with high water stress areas. In this framework, an innovative solar thermo-hydraulic desalination process is here developed. It is analyzed and evaluated with the aim of producing autonomously fresh water from brackish water compatible with the needs of a remote village.This innovative reverse osmosis desalination process exploits a low-grade temperature heat source (50-80°C), converted into hydraulic energy by a thermodynamic engine cycle in which the expansion of a working fluid directly pressurizes the brackish water. A dynamic modeling of this process has been carried out to allow an evaluation of the process whose cyclic operation is highly dynamic. A particular attention has been paid to the dynamic behavior of the membrane module, subjected to cyclic pressure variations, which has needed a specific dynamic model of the reverse osmosis module that has been experimentally validated. The behavior of the overall process has been then simulated and analyzed over few cycles first, then over a whole day with different sunshine conditions. These simulations permit to evaluate the impact of variable operating conditions, as well as the water salinity and temperature on the dynamics of the process operation. Suitable command and control strategies to maximize the performances of the thermo-hydraulic process were also established. A study on the relevant geographical areas for its implantation has also been conducted. These simulations showed that this process should produce 450 to 750 liters of fresh water per day and per unit area of the solar collector for salinities ranging from 2 to 6 g.L-1, with a specific thermal energy consumption of order of 6 kWhth.m-3 and for a cost, estimated in first approximation from the cost of a prototype currently under development, of about 8 per m3 of produced water
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Lin, Shih-Yun, et 林詩芸. « Research on Solid-Liquid Interface Properties and Constitution of Thermo-Osmosis ». Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94240551923471132296.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
104
Thermophoresis is a phenomenon when there exists a temperature gradient, and it would cause a matter flow. Previous research on thermophoresis suggests that it is caused by the slip flow which has been observed around particles. When a particle is fixed in an area with a temperature gradient, the flow happens in the opposite direction against thermophoresis. However, the research does not go any further and does not suggest how and why slip flow is generated. We are interested in if these two phenomena caused by the temperature gradient alike are related. If a particle is huge enough, a tiny part of the surface can be treated as a plane. Thus, the problem can be simplified and we need to consider what happens in the solid-liquid interface. In addition, slip flow is equivalent to thermos-osmosis which is defined as the flow generated by temperature gradient in the interface. The results shows that the wettability has a significant effect on the flow: here in after, the contact angle is used as the index of wettability. When θ = 30∘, driving forces equilibrated and no flow occurred. When θ > 30∘, the flow from the cold side to the hot side occurred. Reversely when θ < 30∘, the flow from the hot side to the cold side occurred. This result accords with the research of thermos-osmosis in porous materials. In addition, changing the property of particle surface shows that the direction of thermophoresis is related to its surface property. Hydrophobic PS (polystyrene) particle escapes from hot side in usual. Neither thermophoresis nor thermos-osmosis have been understand fully and almost do experiment indirectly. In our research, thermos-osmosis would not only follow the prediction but also thermophoresis. This suggest will make the research on the mechanism of thermophoresis simpler.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Thermo-osmosis"

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Yang, Yang, et Tom Schanz. « Thermo-osmosis effect in one dimensional half space consolidation ». Dans Aktuelle Forschung in der Bodenmechanik 2013, 89–103. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-37542-2_6.

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« thermo-osmosis ». Dans Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik, 1389. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_200890.

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Essalhi, M., N. T. Hassan Kiadeh, M. C. García-Payo et M. Khayet. « Thermo-osmosis ». Dans Osmosis Engineering, 279–312. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-821016-1.00001-2.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Thermo-osmosis"

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Tamizdoust, Mohammadreza Mir, et Omid Ghasemi-Fare. « Assessment of Thermo-Osmosis Effect on Thermal Pressurization in Saturated Porous Media ». Dans International Foundations Congress and Equipment Expo 2021. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483428.011.

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Amati, Valentina, Carlos Herrando Zapater, Enrico Sciubba et Javier Uche Marcuello. « Process Simulation of a Reverse Osmosis Desalination Plant Powered by Photovoltaic Panels for Kalymnos Island ». Dans ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66593.

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The present paper discusses a novel application of the currently most popular water desalination technology: a solar-powered reverse osmosis plant (PV-RO in the following). Kalymnos, one of the Greek Dodecanese islands, was selected as the site for the design exercise. The solar irradiation data for this location were used to design the PV-RO plant that is simulated in this paper. The PV power production varies with insolation, and therefore the plant operates under variable flow conditions. This variability, as well as that induced by cloudy weather, is reduced by means of suitable electrical storage (a Pb-acid battery array). The influence of some relevant process parameters is studied by means of a numerical process simulation of the plant, and a pseudo-optimal operating point was found that minimizes the energy consumption per unit mass of distillate, within the World Health Organization standards of salt concentration. An economic analysis is also performed to calculate the product cost: the results indicate that the PV-RO plant is much more cost effective than the present ship-based water delivery system. An exergy and thermo-economic analysis are provided as well.
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Elatar, Ahmed, Kashif Nawaz, Brian Fricke et Vishaldeep Sharma. « Modeling of Pressure Exchanger for Energy Recovery on Trans Critical CO2 Refrigeration Cycle ». Dans ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11616.

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Abstract Pressure exchanger is a device used to recover energy from high pressure working fluid in systems like Reverse Osmosis water desalination. The pressure exchanger enables the high-pressure fluid to transfer portion of its energy to the low-pressure fluid by transferring the fluid pressure. This working concept can be applied to systems where there is a significant pressure variation of the working fluid along the system. Trans critical CO2 refrigeration system is a good example for significant pressure variation during the flow path. The high-pressure CO2 exiting the condenser can be recovered by the low-pressure CO2 upstream of the compressor using a pressure exchanger to increase the system overall efficiency. The proposed research is to numerically simulate a prototype pressure exchanger for trans critical CO2 refrigeration system. The focus of this study is to understand the thermo-fluid behavior of the system when CO2 is used as the working fluid. Contour plots of velocity and pressure are presented for qualitative analysis.
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Inman, Kristopher, Xia Wang et Brian Sangeorzan. « In-Plane Temperature Measurement and Water Droplet Detection of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Phosphor Thermometry : Initial Development ». Dans ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2010-33093.

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Thermal behavior inside fuel cells plays a significant role in fuel cell performance and durability. Internal temperatures of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell govern the ionic conductivities of the polymer electrolyte, influence the reaction rate at the electrodes, and control the water vapor pressure inside the cell. Temperature gradients also influence mass transport due to phase-change-induced flow and thermo-osmosis. Many techniques developed for studying in situ temperatures such as thermocouples sensors either disrupt fuel cell performance or carry unknown accuracy. The objectives of this research are to design and construct thermal sensors based on the principles of the lifetime-decay method of phosphor thermometry to measure temperatures of cathode gas diffusion layer inside a PEM fuel cell with minimal invasion. The sensors also demonstrate the possibility of detecting water droplet formation in the flow channels qualitatively making it possible to experimentally relate local temperature distribution with liquid water formation. Further development is required in order to increase the accuracy and utility of the sensors before conclusive testing can be performed.
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Boeira, J. S., A. M. Boulay, M. Jacob, D. Dardor, P. Pedenaud et M. Margni. « Use of the Life Cycle Approach for the Evaluation of Industrial Water Management Alternatives ». Dans SPE Water Lifecycle Management Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218960-ms.

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Abstract In a context of more and more stress on the water resource, the industries are pushed to improve their water efficiency. Water management must reconcile legal requirements with technical and environmental performances to ensure that one does not compromise the other. Therefore, a fundamental question arises: What are the environmental impacts associated with different industrial water management alternatives? To address this inquiry, this research conducts a case study, analyzing different water management alternatives using a Life Cycle Analysis approach. A Combined Cycle Power Plant was chosen due to its simplicity and significance in terms of water use. The scenarios compared are based on the functional unit "managing water necessary to produce 1 MWh of electricity". Only water treatment associated structure, energy and chemicals to fulfill the defined functional unit were considered. Three distinct water recovery systems were analyzed and subsequently combined with different water supply and release options. Zero-recovery scenario, representing base case; partial recovery scenario through reverse osmosis, and total recovery scenario under Zero Liquid Discharge, in which thermo-distillation is applied. Furthermore, all scenarios were virtually reassigned to another water-scarce context for a more comprehensive geographical sensitivity analysis. In this research a Life Cycle Analysis was performed. Results are presented as carbon footprint (in CO2-eq) and water footprint (in m3 world-eq using AWARE) as mid-point indicators. A damage assessment has also been conducted to evaluate the relative contribution of global warming potential and water scarcity relative on Human Health and Ecosystem Quality Areas of Protection, among the contribution of all other midpoint impact categories. Withdrawn and released water volumes decrease with higher recovery rates while water consumption remains unaltered. Thus, the water footprint, based on freshwater consumption, substantially changes with different recovery rates only if non-freshwater resource is involved. CO2-equivalent emissions are caused mainly due to natural gas burned to produce the required electricity. Human health impacts are primarily dominated by global warming potential in non-water-scarce or highly developed countries. In this aspect, lower energy intensive water treatment routes should be prioritized over freshwater savings. However, the water scarcity footprint impacts dominate human health impacts for scarce and less developed countries. Thus, freshwater savings become important in those cases. Ecosystem quality exhibits lower geographical variation compared to human health impacts, and the differences between scenarios are dominated by global warming potential variation. Recycling does not necessarily lead to lower water scarcity footprints and can result in higher greenhouse gas emissions. It is crucial to consider the water scarcity context and trade-offs before making decisions about water management. Legislation based solely on water withdrawal and release volumes may lead to undesirable environmental impacts, beyond not ensuring water savings. Nevertheless, when debating water management options, the present work aims to facilitate informed decision-making regarding potential environmental impacts.
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Calaunan, Jose Maria Ferdinand, Yuan Feng, Jongwan Eun, Seunghee Kim et Yong-Rak Kim. « Evaluation of Shearing Behavior of Inorganic Microfiber-Reinforced Bentonite for Engineered Barrier Materials ». Dans 57th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2023-0880.

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ABSTRACT The deep geological repository is the preferred disposal method for high-level radioactive waste after nuclear energy production. In the geological repository, one of the vital components of the engineered barrier system (EBS) is the buffer material that holds the radioactive waste-containing canister in place. However, it is known that the EBS could be readily dried near the canister due to heat emitted from the spent fuel inside the canister, which could generate cracks in the EBS. Inorganic microfiber can be an alternative to mitigate such cracks and, thus, enhance the performance of the engineered buffer material. This study investigated the shearing behavior of glass fiber-reinforced bentonite through a series of direct-simple shear tests on the bentonite samples. From this laboratory experiment, shear strength parameters such as cohesion and friction angle were evaluated for both peak and residual strengths. Furthermore, the normalized shear stress and stress paths were analyzed. At both peak and residual states, the cohesion consistently reduced as the fiber content was increased. Higher cohesion was observed at the residual behavior than at the peak behavior. In the case of peak strength, the friction angle decreased from 0.0% to 1.0% fiber content, then vastly increased for 2.0% and 3.0% fiber content. Meanwhile, the friction angle continuously increased with increasing fiber content for the residual strength. INTRODUCTION Recent studies have shown that the saturation of engineered barrier system (EBS) in the high-level radioactive waste (HLRW) repository can be a prolonged process due to the heat generation and thermo-osmosis from spent fuel (Villar et al., 2012; Sánchez et al., 2016). Due to this slow saturation, heat-induced dry-out near the canister and subsequent generation of desiccation cracks in the buffer could lead to preferential pathways in the EBS. One of the methods to address these critical issues is to add fibers in the bentonite as a mechanical reinforcement for soil. On the other hand, several types of organic and inorganic fiber reinforcement, including polymers, minerals, glass, and synthetic materials, have been used to enhance clay properties in other geotechnical and geoenvironmental applications. These include utilizing sand-bentonite-carbon fiber mixtures as borehole backfilling material, polypropylene fiber with sand for the enhancement of bearing capacity, and polypropylene fiber and lime admixture for ground improvement (Joshi et al., 2004; Yetimoglu et al., 2005; Cai et al., 2006; Chaduvula et al., 2017; Liu et al., 2019). Although in a saturated condition, desiccation cracks might not be present in the bentonite, resulting mainly in the reduction of swelling pressure of the material.. On another note, microfibers can increase the tensile force to improve the shear strength of the soil. Particularly, inorganic fibers such as glass, carbon, and basalt fibers are proven to be helpful, especially for situations with exposure to high temperatures, due to their heat resistance (Ishikawa, 2014).
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