Articles de revues : « Temporal Semantic Web »

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Shin, In-Su, Su-Jeong Kim, Jeong-Joon Kim et Ki-Joon Han. « Spatio-Temporal Semantic Sensor Web based on SSNO ». Journal of Korea Spatial Information Society 22, n^o 5 (31 octobre 2014) : 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12672/ksis.2014.22.5.009.

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Batsakis, Sotiris, Ilias Tachmazidis et Grigoris Antoniou. « Representing Time and Space for the Semantic Web ». International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 26, n^o 03 (juin 2017) : 1750015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213017600156.

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Representation of temporal and spatial information for the Semantic Web often involves qualitative defined information (i.e., information described using natural language terms such as “before” or “overlaps”) since precise dates or coordinates are not always available. This work proposes several temporal representations for time points and intervals and spatial topological representations in ontologies by means of OWL properties and reasoning rules in SWRL. All representations are fully compliant with existing Semantic Web standards and W3C recommendations. Although qualitative representations for temporal interval and point relations and spatial topological relations exist, this is the first work proposing representations combining qualitative and quantitative information for the Semantic Web. In addition to this, several existing and proposed approaches are compared using different reasoners and experimental results are presented in detail. The proposed approach is applied to topological relations (RCC5 and RCC8) supporting both qualitative and quantitative (i.e., using coordinates) spatial relations. Experimental results illustrate that reasoning performance differs greatly between different representations and reasoners. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first such experimental evaluation of both qualitative and quantitative Semantic Web temporal and spatial representations. In addition to the above, querying performance using SPARQL is evaluated. Evaluation results demonstrate that extracting qualitative relations from quantitative representations using reasoning rules and querying qualitative relations instead of directly querying quantitative representations increases performance at query time.

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Nguyen Mau Quoc, Hoan, Martin Serrano, Han Mau Nguyen, John G. Breslin et Danh Le-Phuoc. « EAGLE—A Scalable Query Processing Engine for Linked Sensor Data ». Sensors 19, n^o 20 (9 octobre 2019) : 4362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19204362.

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Recently, many approaches have been proposed to manage sensor data using semantic web technologies for effective heterogeneous data integration. However, our empirical observations revealed that these solutions primarily focused on semantic relationships and unfortunately paid less attention to spatio–temporal correlations. Most semantic approaches do not have spatio–temporal support. Some of them have attempted to provide full spatio–temporal support, but have poor performance for complex spatio–temporal aggregate queries. In addition, while the volume of sensor data is rapidly growing, the challenge of querying and managing the massive volumes of data generated by sensing devices still remains unsolved. In this article, we introduce EAGLE, a spatio–temporal query engine for querying sensor data based on the linked data model. The ultimate goal of EAGLE is to provide an elastic and scalable system which allows fast searching and analysis with respect to the relationships of space, time and semantics in sensor data. We also extend SPARQL with a set of new query operators in order to support spatio–temporal computing in the linked sensor data context.

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Xu, Zheng, Yunhuai Liu, Lin Mei, Chuanping Hu et Lan Chen. « Generating temporal semantic context of concepts using web search engines ». Journal of Network and Computer Applications 43 (août 2014) : 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2014.04.002.

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Vinasco-Alvarez, D., J. Samuel, S. Servigne et G. Gesquière. « TOWARDS LIMITING SEMANTIC DATA LOSS IN 4D URBAN DATA SEMANTIC GRAPH GENERATION ». ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences VIII-4/W2-2021 (7 octobre 2021) : 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-viii-4-w2-2021-37-2021.

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Abstract. To enrich urban digital twins and better understand city evolution, the integration of heterogeneous, spatio-temporal data has become a large area of research in the enrichment of 3D and 4D (3D + Time) semantic city models. These models, which can represent the 3D geospatial data of a city and their evolving semantic relations, may require data-driven integration approaches to provide temporal and concurrent views of the urban landscape. However, data integration often requires the transformation or conversion of data into a single shared data format, which can be prone to semantic data loss. To combat this, this paper proposes a model-centric ontology-based data integration approach towards limiting semantic data loss in 4D semantic urban data transformations to semantic graph formats. By integrating the underlying conceptual models of urban data standards, a unified spatio-temporal data model can be created as a network of ontologies. Transformation tools can use this model to map datasets to interoperable semantic graph formats of 4D city models. This paper will firstly illustrate how this approach facilitates the integration of rich 3D geospatial, spatio-temporal urban data and semantic web standards with a focus on limiting semantic data loss. Secondly, this paper will demonstrate how semantic graphs based on these models can be implemented for spatial and temporal queries toward 4D semantic city model enrichment.

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Perez-Garcia, Lorena, Jan Broekaert et Nicole Note. « The temporal evolution of the normalized web distance ». Internet Research 26, n^o 5 (3 octobre 2016) : 1269–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/intr-07-2014-0185.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess whether the temporal evolution of the normalized web distance (NWD) between significant terms concerning, e.g., a case of online activism can be used as a meta-data technique to measure evolution over time of, e.g., progress or decline of social empowerment. Design/methodology/approach The NWD between two terms has been identified as a quantitative measure for semantic proximity, ascertaining a defining relation between them. A trend analysis is made by performing on the internet a time window restrained series measurement of NWD of all combinations of key-terms and classifier-terms. Case defining key-terms, positive and negative discourse polarizing classifier-terms, and neutral classifier-terms for negative control need to be determined by discourse analysis of information on a targeted case. An example of NWD evolution from 1994 until 2013 is presented to measure the empowerment effects of the Wirikuta online movement on the Huichol people in Mexico. Findings The application of the NWD temporal evolution method to the Wirikuta case shows a slight but significant semantic change of the key-terms with respect to some of the positive and negative classifier-terms. The neutral classifier correctly shows no significant distance variation, as required for valid application of the method. The method provides indications for a complex image of empowerment of the Huichol identity. Research limitations/implications The accuracy of the method is limited due to short-term and between-user variability of the search tool’s page counts. More reliable access to a web-index will be required for more accurate NWD-based trend analysis. Practical implications The monitoring of temporal NWD evolution provides a potential tool for more comprehensive trend description compared to classical frequency based methods. Originality/value Trend analysis is key to internet research, to which the temporal NWD method provides an innovative contribution.

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Song, Rongxin, Yuanqiao Wen, Wei Tao, Qi Zhang, Eleonora Papadimitriou et Pieter van Gelder. « Semantic Modeling of Ship Behavior in Cognitive Space ». Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, n^o 10 (22 septembre 2022) : 1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101347.

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Ship behavior is the semantic expression of corresponding trajectory in spatial-temporal space. The intelligent identification of ship behavior is critical for safety supervision in the waterborne transport. In particular, the complicated behavior reflects the long-term intentions of a ship, but it is challenging to recognize it automatically for computers without a proper understanding. For this purpose, this study provides a method to model the behavior for computers from the perspective of knowledge modeling that is explainable. Based on our previous work, a semantic model for ship behavior representation is given considering the multi-scale features of ship behavior in cognitive space. Firstly, the multi-scale features of ship behavior are analyzed in spatial-temporal dimension and semantic dimension individually. Then, a method for multi-scale behaviors modeling from the perspective of semantics is determined, which divides the behavior scale into four sub-scales in cognitive space, considering spatial and temporal dimensions: action, activity, process, and event. Furthermore, an ontology model is introduced to construct the multi-scale semantic model for ship behavior, where behaviors with different semantic scales are expressed using the functions of ontology from a microscopic perspective to a macroscopic perspective consecutively. To validate the model, a case study is conducted in which ship behavior with different scales occurred in port water areas. Typical behaviors, which include leveraging the axioms expression and semantic web rule language (SWRL) of the ontology, are then deduced using a reasoner, such as Pellet. The results show that the model is reasonable and feasible to represent multi-scale ship behavior in various scenarios and provides the potential to construct a smart supervision network for maritime authorities.

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Boumaza, Amel, et Ramdane Maamri. « Mapping OWL-S Process Model to Timed Automata ». Journal of Information Technology Research 11, n^o 1 (janvier 2018) : 29–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2018010103.

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The conversion of web services to semantic web comes the opportunity to automate various tasks. OWL-S plays a key role in describing web services behaviour. While ontology-based semantics given to OWL-S is structural rather than behaviourally oriented, we cannot automate an essential task in this field, verification. In this article, the mapping of OWL-S process model to Timed automata is investigated, which is a suitable formalism for real time systems modeling and automatic verification. Hence, this has led to not only enabling automatic verification but also covering problems related to automated verification of temporal quantitative properties as bounded liveness property. As a starting point, the OWL-S and sub entry of time ontologies for describing the timed behaviour of services has been chosen. A defined set of mapping rules is used to automatically encode control constructs defined in OWL-S and temporal information into timed automata. Also, it is shown how a Uppaal checker is used to check required properties formulated in TCTL. Finally, an EClinic case study is used to illustrate the technique.

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Grandi, Fabio. « Introducing an annotated bibliography on temporal and evolution aspects in the semantic web ». ACM SIGMOD Record 41, n^o 4 (17 janvier 2013) : 18–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2430456.2430460.

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Xu, Zheng, Xiangfeng Luo, Shunxiang Zhang, Xiao Wei, Lin Mei et Chuanping Hu. « Mining temporal explicit and implicit semantic relations between entities using web search engines ». Future Generation Computer Systems 37 (juillet 2014) : 468–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.future.2013.09.027.

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Zekri, Abir, Zouhaier Brahmia, Fabio Grandi et Rafik Bouaziz. « $$\uptau $$ τ OWL : A Systematic Approach to Temporal Versioning of Semantic Web Ontologies ». Journal on Data Semantics 5, n^o 3 (10 juin 2016) : 141–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13740-016-0066-3.

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Straccia, Umberto, Nuno Lopes, Gergely Lukacsy et Axel Polleres. « A General Framework for Representing and Reasoning with Annotated Semantic Web Data ». Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 24, n^o 1 (5 juillet 2010) : 1437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v24i1.7499.

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We describe a generic framework for representing and reasoning with annotated Semantic Web data, formalise the annotated language, the corresponding deductive system, and address the query answering problem. We extend previous contributions on RDF annotations by providing a unified reasoning formalism and allowing the seamless combination of different annotation domains. We demonstrate the feasibility of our method by instantiating it on (i) temporal RDF; (ii) fuzzy RDF; (iii) and their combination. A prototype shows that implementing and combining new domains is easy and that RDF stores can easily be extended to our framework.

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Gantt, William, Lelia Glass et Aaron Steven White. « Decomposing and Recomposing Event Structure ». Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 10 (2022) : 17–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00445.

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Abstract We present an event structure classification empirically derived from inferential properties annotated on sentence- and document-level Universal Decompositional Semantics (UDS) graphs. We induce this classification jointly with semantic role, entity, and event-event relation classifications using a document-level generative model structured by these graphs. To support this induction, we augment existing annotations found in the UDS1.0 dataset, which covers the entirety of the English Web Treebank, with an array of inferential properties capturing fine-grained aspects of the temporal and aspectual structure of events. The resulting dataset (available at decomp.io) is the largest annotation of event structure and (partial) event coreference to date.

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Eom, Sungkwang, et Kyong-Ho Lee. « Incorporating Spatial Queries into Semantic Sensor Streams on the Internet of Things ». Journal of Database Management 28, n^o 4 (octobre 2017) : 24–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jdm.2017100102.

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In the Internet of Things (IoT) environment, the use of sensors and sensor readings is significant in research and industry. The number of sensors is increasing exponentially, adding a tremendous amount of data to the Web. Therefore, the efficient management of sensors and observation data is becoming important. Especially, the location and time of observations are expected to play a vital role in IoT. However, existing researches mainly focus on the temporal properties of data stream. It is necessary to consider the spatial features in addition to the temporal ones. In this article, the authors propose a spatiotemporal query language which integrates spatial and temporal features. Also, they propose an efficient method of building a spatiotemporal index and processing the proposed query language. To evaluate the proposed method, the authors conduct experiments through implementation. The experimental results show that the proposed method deals with spatiotemporal queries within a reasonable time.

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Milivojević, Nataša. « EVENT-CANCELLING SEMANTICS OF THE ENGLISH ASPECTUALIZER START AND ITS SERBIAN EQUIVALENT KRENUTI ». Годишњак Филозофског факултета у Новом Саду 46, n^o 1 (19 juillet 2021) : 31–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.19090/gff.2021.1.31-46.

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The paper revisits the issue of semantic equivalency of two aspectual verbs, start and krenuti, which is proposed by xxx (2021a, 2021b). The present analysis focuses on the causative and dynamic semantic features of start and krenuti, with the aim of a contrastive analysis of the aspectual constructions headed by these two verbs. It is shown that both start and krenuti, provided that the necessary linguistic conditions are met, have the ability to “cancel” the event initiated via constructional phase modification. The conditions for such event-cancelling result from the lexical semantics of start and krenuti, as well as from the semantic co-composition on the level of the aspectual construction as a whole. The theoretical frame of the analysis is the presupposition and consequence account by A. Freed (1979). The contrastive analysis and presented theoretical conclusions are backed by a parallel corpus of 200 English and Serbian sentences compiled from the Corpus of Global Web-Based English (GlowBE 2013) and the Corpus of Contemporary Serbian Language (SrpKor 2013). Key words: aspectualizers, aspectual constructions, aspectual event, temporal structure, presupposition and consequence, event-cancelling

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Margan, B., et F. Hakimpour. « INTEGRATION OF MOBILE GIS AND LINKED DATA TECHNOLOGY FOR SPATIO-TEMPORAL TRANSPORT DATA MODEL ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W18 (18 octobre 2019) : 721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w18-721-2019.

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Abstract. Linked Data is available data on the web in a standard format that is useful for content inspection and insights deriving from data through semantic queries. Querying and Exploring spatial and temporal features of various data sources will be facilitated by using Linked Data. In this paper, an application is presented for linking transport data on the web. Data from Google Maps API and OpenStreetMap linked and published on the web. Spatio-Temporal queries were executed over linked transport data and resulted in network and traffic information in accordance with the user’s position. The client-side of this application contains a web and a mobile application which presents a user interface to access network and traffic information according to the user’s position. The results of the experiment show that by using the intrinsic potential of Linked Data we have tackled the challenges of using heterogeneous data sources and have provided desirable information that could be used for discovering new patterns. The mobile GIS application enables assessing the profits of mentioned technologies through an easy and user-friendly way.

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Wisnubhadra, Irya, Safiza Kamal Baharin, Nurul A. Emran et Djoko Budiyanto Setyohadi. « QB4MobOLAP : A Vocabulary Extension for Mobility OLAP on the Semantic Web ». Algorithms 14, n^o 9 (13 septembre 2021) : 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a14090265.

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The accessibility of devices that track the positions of moving objects has attracted many researchers in Mobility Online Analytical Processing (Mobility OLAP). Mobility OLAP makes use of trajectory data warehousing techniques, which typically include a path of moving objects at a particular point in time. The Semantic Web (SW) users have published a large number of moving object datasets that include spatial and non-spatial data. These data are available as open data and require advanced analysis to aid in decision making. However, current SW technologies support advanced analysis only for multidimensional data warehouses and Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) over static spatial and non-spatial SW data. The existing technology does not support the modeling of moving object facts, the creation of basic mobility analytical queries, or the definition of fundamental operators and functions for moving object types. This article introduces the QB4MobOLAP vocabulary, which enables the analysis of mobility data stored in RDF cubes. This article defines Mobility OLAP operators and SPARQL user-defined functions. As a result, QB4MobOLAP vocabulary and the Mobility OLAP operators are evaluated by applying them to a practical use case of transportation analysis involving 8826 triples consisting of approximately 7000 fact triples. Each triple contains nearly 1000 temporal data points (equivalent to 7 million records in conventional databases). The execution of six pertinent spatiotemporal analytics query samples results in a practical, simple model with expressive performance for the enabling of executive decisions on transportation analysis.

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Bao, Jie, Uldis Bojars, Ranzeem Choudhury, Li Ding, Mark Greaves, Ashish Kapoor, Sandy Louchart et al. « Reports of the AAAI 2009 Spring Symposia ». AI Magazine 30, n^o 3 (7 juillet 2009) : 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v30i3.2253.

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The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, in cooperation with Stanford University's Department of Computer Science, was pleased to present the 2009 Spring Symposium Series, held Monday through Wednesday, March 23–25, 2009 at Stanford University. The titles of the nine symposia were Agents that Learn from Human Teachers, Benchmarking of Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning Systems, Experimental Design for Real-World Systems, Human Behavior Modeling, Intelligent Event Processing, Intelligent Narrative Technologies II, Learning by Reading and Learning to Read, Social Semantic Web: Where Web 2.0 Meets Web 3.0, and Technosocial Predictive Analytics. The goal of the Agents that Learn from Human Teachers was to investigate how we can enable software and robotics agents to learn from real-time interaction with an everyday human partner. The aim of the Benchmarking of Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Reasoning Systems symposium was to initiate the development of a problem repository in the field of qualitative spatial and temporal reasoning and identify a graded set of challenges for future midterm and long-term research. The Experimental Design symposium discussed the challenges of evaluating AI systems. The Human Behavior Modeling symposium explored reasoning methods for understanding various aspects of human behavior, especially in the context of designing intelligent systems that interact with humans. The Intelligent Event Processing symposium discussed the need for more AI-based approaches in event processing and defined a kind of research agenda for the field, coined as intelligent complex event processing (iCEP). The Intelligent Narrative Technologies II AAAI symposium discussed innovations, progress, and novel techniques in the research domain. The Learning by Reading and Learning to Read symposium explored two aspects of making natural language texts semantically accessible to, and processable by, machines. The Social Semantic Web symposium focused on the real-world grand challenges in this area. Finally, the Technosocial Predictive Analytics symposium explored new methods for anticipatory analytical thinking that provide decision advantage through the integration of human and physical models.

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Cao, Qiushi, Ahmed Samet, Cecilia Zanni-Merk, François de Bertrand de Beuvron et Christoph Reich. « Combining chronicle mining and semantics for predictive maintenance in manufacturing processes ». Semantic Web 11, n^o 6 (29 octobre 2020) : 927–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sw-200406.

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Within manufacturing processes, faults and failures may cause severe economic loss. With the vision of Industry 4.0, artificial intelligence techniques such as data mining play a crucial role in automatic fault and failure prediction. However, due to the heterogeneous nature of industrial data, data mining results normally lack both machine and human-understandable representation and interpretation of knowledge. This may cause the semantic gap issue, which stands for the incoherence between the knowledge extracted from industrial data and the interpretation of the knowledge from a user. To address this issue, ontology-based approaches have been used to bridge the semantic gap between data mining results and users. However, only a few existing ontology-based approaches provide satisfactory knowledge modeling and representation for all the essential concepts in predictive maintenance. Moreover, most of the existing research works merely focus on the classification of operating conditions of machines, while lacking the extraction of specific temporal information of failure occurrence. This brings obstacles for users to perform maintenance actions with the consideration of temporal constraints. To tackle these challenges, in this paper we introduce a novel hybrid approach to facilitate predictive maintenance tasks in manufacturing processes. The proposed approach is a combination of data mining and semantics, within which chronicle mining is used to predict the future failures of the monitored industrial machinery, and a Manufacturing Predictive Maintenance Ontology (MPMO) with its rule-based extension is used to predict temporal constraints of failures and to represent the predictive results formally. As a result, Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules are constructed for predicting the occurrence time of machinery failures in the future. The proposed rules provide explicit knowledge representation and semantic enrichment of failure prediction results, thus easing the understanding of the inferred knowledge. A case study on a semi-conductor manufacturing process is used to demonstrate our approach in detail. The evaluation of results shows that the MPMO ontology is free of bad practices in the structural, functional, and usability-profiling dimensions. The constructed SWRL rules posses more than 80% of True Positive Rate, Precision, and F-measure, which shows promising performance in failure prediction.

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Goodhue, P., H. McNair et F. Reitsma. « TRUSTING CROWDSOURCED GEOSPATIAL SEMANTICS ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-3/W3 (19 août 2015) : 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-3-w3-25-2015.

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The degree of trust one can place in information is one of the foremost limitations of crowdsourced geospatial information. As with the development of web technologies, the increased prevalence of semantics associated with geospatial information has increased accessibility and functionality. Semantics also provides an opportunity to extend indicators of trust for crowdsourced geospatial information that have largely focused on spatio-temporal and social aspects of that information. Comparing a feature’s intrinsic and extrinsic properties to associated ontologies provides a means of semantically assessing the trustworthiness of crowdsourced geospatial information. The application of this approach to unconstrained semantic submissions then allows for a detailed assessment of the trust of these features whilst maintaining the descriptive thoroughness this mode of information submission affords. The resulting trust rating then becomes an attribute of the feature, providing not only an indication as to the trustworthiness of a specific feature but is able to be aggregated across multiple features to illustrate the overall trustworthiness of a dataset.

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Janowicz, Krzysztof, Frank Van Harmelen, James A. Hendler et Pascal Hitzler. « Why the Data Train Needs Semantic Rails ». AI Magazine 36, n^o 1 (25 mars 2015) : 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v36i1.2560.

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While catchphrases such as big data, smart data, data-intensive science, or smart dust highlight different aspects, they share a common theme: Namely, a shift towards a data-centric perspective in which the synthesis and analysis of data at an ever-increasing spatial, temporal, and thematic resolution promises new insights, while, at the same time, reducing the need for strong domain theories as starting points. In terms of the envisioned methodologies, those catchphrases tend to emphasize the role of predictive analytics, that is, statistical techniques including data mining and machine learning, as well as supercomputing. Interestingly, however, while this perspective takes the availability of data as a given, it does not answer the question how one would discover the required data in today’s chaotic information universe, how one would understand which datasets can be meaningfully integrated, and how to communicate the results to humans and machines alike. The semantic web addresses these questions. In the following, we argue why the data train needs semantic rails. We point out that making sense of data and gaining new insights works best if inductive and deductive techniques go hand-in-hand instead of competing over the prerogative of interpretation.

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Breitling, Stefan, Tobias Arera-Rütenik, Jürgen Giese et Leonhard Salzer. « Befundbuch 3.0. Befundansprache und Befundverortung durch semantische Technologien ». architectura 50, n^o 1-2 (25 novembre 2022) : 58–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/atc-2020-1010.

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Abstract Building archaeological findings are the primary sources of historic building research and an important basis for object-oriented interpretation in architectural history. In order to preserve the spatial, temporal and other content-related cross-references and contexts that are particularly valuable for analysis, a loose collection of diverse presentation formats such as descriptive texts, findings sheets, plan drawings and 3D representations has become established. However, this diversity is also a reason for the lack of accessibility and sustainable connectivity of this useful information. Linked Open Data technologies of the Semantic Web offer the possibility of making the findings available in a human- and machine-readable form, together with their diverse references. This requires consistent ›semantic modelling‹ of the material evidence in ontological form, oriented on specialist scientific needs.

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Vidal-Filho, Jarbas Nunes, Valéria Cesário Times, Jugurta Lisboa-Filho et Chiara Renso. « Towards the Semantic Enrichment of Trajectories Using Spatial Data Infrastructures ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, n^o 12 (6 décembre 2021) : 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10120825.

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The term Semantic Trajectories of Moving Objects (STMO) corresponds to a sequence of spatial-temporal points with associated semantic information (for example, annotations about locations visited by the user or types of transportation used). However, the growth of Big Data generated by users, such as data produced by social networks or collected by an electronic equipment with embedded sensors, causes the STMO to require services and standards for enabling data documentation and ensuring the quality of STMOs. Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI), on the other hand, provide a shared interoperable and integrated environment for data documentation. The main challenge is how to lead traditional SDIs to evolve to an STMO document due to the lack of specific metadata standards and services for semantic annotation. This paper presents a new concept of SDI for STMO, named SDI4Trajectory, which supports the documentation of different types of STMO—holistic trajectories, for example. The SDI4Trajectory allows us to propose semi-automatic and manual semantic enrichment processes, which are efficient in supporting semantic annotations and STMO documentation as well. These processes are hardly found in traditional SDIs and have been developed through Web and semantic micro-services. To validate the SDI4Trajectory, we used a dataset collected by voluntary users through the MyTracks application for the following purposes: (i) comparing the semi-automatic and manual semantic enrichment processes in the SDI4Trajectory; (ii) investigating the viability of the documentation processes carried out by the SDI4Trajectory, which was able to document all the collected trajectories.

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Li, Yun, Yongyao Jiang, Justin C. Goldstein, Lewis J. Mcgibbney et Chaowei Yang. « A Query Understanding Framework for Earth Data Discovery ». Applied Sciences 10, n^o 3 (7 février 2020) : 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10031127.

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One longstanding complication with Earth data discovery involves understanding a user’s search intent from the input query. Most of the geospatial data portals use keyword-based match to search data. Little attention has focused on the spatial and temporal information from a query or understanding the query with ontology. No research in the geospatial domain has investigated user queries in a systematic way. Here, we propose a query understanding framework and apply it to fill the gap by better interpreting a user’s search intent for Earth data search engines and adopting knowledge that was mined from metadata and user query logs. The proposed query understanding tool contains four components: spatial and temporal parsing; concept recognition; Named Entity Recognition (NER); and, semantic query expansion. Spatial and temporal parsing detects the spatial bounding box and temporal range from a query. Concept recognition isolates clauses from free text and provides the search engine phrases instead of a list of words. Name entity recognition detects entities from the query, which inform the search engine to query the entities detected. The semantic query expansion module expands the original query by adding synonyms and acronyms to phrases in the query that was discovered from Web usage data and metadata. The four modules interact to parse a user’s query from multiple perspectives, with the goal of understanding the consumer’s quest intent for data. As a proof-of-concept, the framework is applied to oceanographic data discovery. It is demonstrated that the proposed framework accurately captures a user’s intent.

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Beil, C., M. Kendir, R. Ruhdorfer et T. H. Kolbe. « DYNAMIC AND WEB-BASED 4D VISUALIZATION OF STREETSPACE ACTIVITIES DERIVED FROM TRAFFIC SIMULATIONS AND SEMANTIC 3D CITY MODELS ». ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-4/W2-2022 (14 octobre 2022) : 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-4-w2-2022-29-2022.

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Abstract. Semantic 3D city models can serve as anchor points for different components of urban digital twins. In addition to static 3D models such as buildings, transportation infrastructure, vegetation, or city furniture, this can also include dynamic processes such as traffic movement or changing traffic signals. Integrating these aspects into a dynamic, realistic, and accessible 4D visualization presents a number of requirements and challenges, which are discussed. While the City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) is a well established OGC standard for modeling and exchanging semantic 3D city models, the Cesium Language (CZML) provides capabilities for visualizing time-dependant properties that can be displayed in the Cesium virtual globe. Results of the open-source microscopic traffic simulation tool SUMO include information on locations and orientations of vehicles, bicycles, pedestrians and other traffic members as well as traffic signal information and can be exported as a CSV table. In order to allow a 4D visualization of these simulation results, a scheme for deriving 3D + t CZML documents from data given as 2D + t CSV files is presented. Additionally, dynamically changing traffic lights are integrated. Based on data available for the city of Munich, a CityGMLcompliant streetspace model is generated. This enables the combination of traffic simulation results and semantic 3D city models within a common Cesium based web-visualization and allows a direct and platform independent access to realistic visualizations of streetspace activities. Since this often results in a huge amount of data, a spatio-temporal tiling strategy enabling the visualization of large CZML data is presented.

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Murshed, Syed, Ayah Al-Hyari, Jochen Wendel et Louise Ansart. « Design and Implementation of a 4D Web Application for Analytical Visualization of Smart City Applications ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 7, n^o 7 (12 juillet 2018) : 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7070276.

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Contemporary development of computer hardware and software, WebGIS and geo-web services as well as the availability of semantic 3D city models, facilitate flexible and dynamic implementation of web applications. The aim of this paper is to introduce 4D CANVAS, a web-based application for dynamic visualization of 3D geospatial data for improved decision making in smart city applications. It is based on the Cesium Virtual Globe, an open-source JavaScript library developed with HTML5 and WebGL. At first, different data formats such as JSON, GeoJSON, Cesium Markup Language (CZML) and 3D Tiles are evaluated for their suitability in 4D visualization applications. Then, an interactive Graphical User Interface (GUI) is built observing the principle of cartographic standards to view, manage, understand and explore different simulation outputs at multiple spatial (3D surface of buildings) and temporal (hourly, daily, monthly) resolutions. In this regard, multiple tools such as aggregation, data classification, etc. are developed utilizing JavaScript libraries. As a proof of concept, two energy simulations and their outputs of different spatial and temporal resolutions are demonstrated in five Asian and European cities. Finally, the 4D CANVAS is deployed both in desktop and multi-touch screens. The proposed application allows easy integration of any other geospatial simulation results, thereby helps the users from different sectors to explore them interactively in 4D.

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Fisher, Ryan, et Patrick J. Duffley. « A Cognitive-semantic Study of Verbal Complementation with Adjectives Expressing the Emotion of Fear in Canadian English ». Cognitive Semantics 5, n^o 1 (19 février 2019) : 121–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/23526416-00501005.

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This paper looks at the variation in Canadian English between to-infinitive and of + gerund-participle complements with six adjectives that have as part of their semantic makeup a notion of fear. Using data from the Strathy Corpus of Canadian English and the Canadian component of the Global Web-Based Corpus of English, it aims to explain the reasons underlying complement selection with these adjectives as well as temporal relations between the emotion expressed by the adjective and that expressed by the complement. The complementation patterns examined in this study are shown to be connected to certain of the conceptual metaphors that previous studies have observed to be utilized to conceptualize the emotion of fear.

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Apollonio, F. I., B. Benedetti, P. Diarte Blasco, M. Gaiani et A. Guidazzoli. « Pompeya como caso de estudio : La visualización digital aplicada a la arqueología de una ciudad vesubiana ». Virtual Archaeology Review 1, n^o 1 (11 avril 2010) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/var.2010.4773.

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The objective of the experience in Pompeii is to set up an Information System that will enable us to conserve, manage and integrate the data, files and documents gathered at different times and in different areas of the archeological dig; a 3D Unified Information System capable of providing us with a uniform framework for scientific visualization and web-based presentation of the set data -characterized by their heterogeneity- of this city and the Vesuvian Area in general. The final objective will be to facilitate the interpretation, exploration and, finally, analysis of a large volume of data with significative geo-spatial, temporal and semantic features.

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Delgoshaei, Parastoo, Mohammad Heidarinejad et Mark A. Austin. « A Semantic Approach for Building System Operations : Knowledge Representation and Reasoning ». Sustainability 14, n^o 10 (11 mai 2022) : 5810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14105810.

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Artificial intelligence is set to transform the next generation of intelligent buildings through the application of information and semantic data models and machine learning algorithms. Semantic data models enable the understanding of real-world data for building automation, integration and control applications. This article explored the use of semantic models, a subfield of artificial intelligence, for knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) across a wide variety of applications in building control, automation and analytics. These KRR-enabled applications include context-aware control of mechanical systems, building energy auditing and commissioning, indoor air monitoring, fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) of mechanical equipment and systems and building-to-grid integration. To this end, this work employed the Apache Jena Application Programming Interface (API) to develop KRR and integrate it with some domain-specific ontologies expressed in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) and Web Ontology Language (OWL). The ontology-driven rules were represented using Jena rule formalisms to enable the inference of implicit information from data asserted in the ontologies. Moreover, SPARQL (SPARQL Query Language for RDF) was used to query the knowledge graph and obtain useful information for a variety of building applications. This approach enhances building analytics through multi-domain knowledge integration; spatial and temporal reasoning for monitoring building operations, and control systems and devices; and the performance of compliance checking. We show that existing studies have not leveraged state-of-the-art ontologies to infer information from different domains. While the proposed semantic infrastructure and methods in this study demonstrated benefits for different building applications applicable to mechanical systems, the approach also has great potential for lighting, shading and security applications. Multi-domain knowledge integration that includes spatial and temporal reasoning allows the optimization of the performance of building equipment and systems.

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Schiewe, Jochen. « Conceptual framework for enhancing visual change point analysis in generalized multi-temporal displays ». Proceedings of the ICA 2 (10 juillet 2019) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-2-114-2019.

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Abstract. Large amounts of point data are being generated and depicted in web maps, in particular promoted by the availability of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI). This data volume causes usability problems for the visual presentation and exploration, especially by decreasing rendering performance and increasing geometric or semantic point clutter. Typically, generalization techniques are applied in order to overcome these clutter problems. Appropriate constraint-based approaches have been developed for static and single displays.Due to the increasing amount and relevance of multi-temporal point data, the aim of this contribution is to present a so far missing conceptual framework that consists of constraints related to change point analysis. These constraints describe the effects of the generalization on preservation and legibility of change information. Here, different types of change point analysis are differentiated, namely: existential changes, changes of semantic properties, and changes of spatial properties. For this purpose, difference frames between two given frames of the multi-temporal data set are used as a model of the mental representation of change information.The resulting constraints can be used to describe and to compare the suitability of various generalization operations for specific tasks. However, in a later stage they can also trigger the generalization processes as such. This could lead to a new way of thinking, since the optimization of generalization processes should work on difference frames rather than on single views.

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Sasson, Elan, Gilad Ravid et Nava Pliskin. « Creation of knowledge-added concept maps : time augmention via pairwise temporal analysis ». Journal of Knowledge Management 21, n^o 1 (13 février 2017) : 132–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jkm-07-2016-0279.

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Purpose Although acknowledged as a principal dimension in the context of text mining, time has yet to be formally incorporated into the process of visually representing the relationships between keywords in a knowledge domain. This paper aims to develop and validate the feasibility of adding temporal knowledge to a concept map via pair-wise temporal analysis (PTA). Design/methodology/approach The paper presents a temporal trend detection algorithm – vector space model – designed to use objective quantitative pair-wise temporal operators to automatically detect co-occurring hot concepts. This PTA approach is demonstrated and validated without loss of generality for a spectrum of information technologies. Findings The rigorous validation study shows that the resulting temporal assessments are highly correlated with subjective assessments of experts (n = 136), exhibiting substantial reliability-of-agreement measures and average predictive validity above 85 per cent. Practical implications Using massive amounts of textual documents available on the Web to first generate a concept map and then add temporal knowledge, the contribution of this work is emphasized and magnified against the current growing attention to big data analytics. Originality/value This paper proposes a novel knowledge discovery method to improve a text-based concept map (i.e. semantic graph) via detection and representation of temporal relationships. The originality and value of the proposed method is highlighted in comparison to other knowledge discovery methods.

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Kumar, N. Senthil, et Dinakaran Muruganantham. « Disambiguating the Twitter Stream Entities and Enhancing the Search Operation Using DBpedia Ontology ». International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering 11, n^o 2 (avril 2016) : 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitwe.2016040104.

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The web and social web is holding the huge amount of unstructured data and makes the searching processing more cumbersome. The principal task here is to migrate the unstructured data into the structured data through the appropriate utilization of named entity detections. The goal of the paper is to automatically build and store the deep knowledge base of important facts and construct the comprehensive details about the facts such as its related named entities, its semantic classes of the entities and its mutual relationship with its temporal context can be thoroughly analyzed and probed. In this paper, the authors have given and proposed the model to identify all the major interpretations of the named entities and effectively link them to the appropriate mentions of the knowledge base (DBpedia). They finally evaluate the approaches that uniquely identify the DBpedia URIs of the selected entities and eliminate the other candidate mentions of the entities based on the authority rankings of those candidate mentions.

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Breu, Walter. « Interactions Between Lexical, Temporal and Aspectual Meanings ». Studies in Language 18, n^o 1 (1 janvier 1994) : 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.18.1.03bre.

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In my paper a universal aspect theory is presented which is based on the integration of the various types of states of affairs into the textual web of descriptions of situations and changes in situations. The states of affairs are thereby grouped according to their boundary characteristics. The grammatical meaning of the verbal aspect interacts with the lexical meaning of a given verb in group-specific ways, so that the kind of interaction in the case of a given aspect opposition can be used in order to classify verbs. In addition to the Slavic aspect opposition of perfective vs. imperfective, the aspectual systems of English, Modern Greek and the Romance languages are taken into consideration. The interaction between aspect and tense as well as the interaction within the aspect dimension itself, which plays a role if a language has more than one aspect category, is also discussed. The perfective imperfect and the imperfective aorist of Bulgarian are given as examples of problematic cases, along with the functions of the ing-form of the perfect in English. Generally the problem of the coming together of more than one aspect gram-meme in one verb form is solved by means of a hierarchization, which can be deduced from the particular interaction meaning in question. The grouping of verbs into aspect-sensitive semantic classes is only stable in the centre of the classes, but we find language-specific peculiarities on their peripheries. In addition, regroupings are also possible in the course of the development of a language.

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Brumana, R., M. Ioannides et M. Previtali. « HOLISTIC HERITAGE BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING (HHBIM) : FROM NODES TO HUB NETWORKING, VOCABULARIES AND REPOSITORIES ». ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (4 mai 2019) : 309–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-309-2019.

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Abstract. HBIM (Heritage Building Information Modelling) can be nowadays considered as part of the digitization process of Cultural Heritage, with the particular characteristics that being born to manage Models and Data within a unique environment they can be inherited to adopt a synergic approach to the cultural Heritage ‘as a whole system’. To this aim they need to overcome gaps and barriers undertaking an holistic approach in many directions. The paper intends to introduce an overview on the meaning of Holistic Heritage Information Building. The attribute holistic is here used with the meaning to empower instruments and methods capable to interconnect single HBIM nodes within networks where to find the information collected in a cross sectorial space: vocabularies, libraries of object and semantics, derived from such ‘Informative Models’ - with the support of Virtual Hub technologies - can boost nodes-networking empowering the capabilities of BIM Informative Modelling together with web accessible Geographic Informative System. Such richness once interconnected can be accessed from space-temporal queries, semantic searches, and harvested with other networks in order to enhance the cross correlation of the information and allowing the sharing of different case studies and HBIM within a space-temporal framework. This will allow the comparison of masonry texture, history of material finishing and skilled workers across space and time. HHBIM HUBS will be a gate toward the eXtended Reality potentials attracting and distributing data coming from different sources.

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Aleksiyev, Oleg, Volodymyr Aleksiyev et Serhii Neronov. « TELEMATIC SYNERGY OF MECHATRONIC SYSTEMS IN TRANSPORT APPLICATIONS ». Bulletin of Kharkov National Automobile and Highway University 1, n^o 92 (26 février 2021) : 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30977/bul.2219-5548.2021.92.1.17-26.

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Problem. The results of fundamental and applied research of computer science and software engineering in industry and transport are considered. Informational socialization is offered to provide knowledge and skills to persons wishing to work in the IT industry. A kind of sensory cognitive representation of the spatial-temporal orientation of transport applications and synergy (performance assessment) of development, updating of applications, support of the semantic site of the transport-road portal of automobile transfer. Goal. Increasing the competitiveness of transport and road organizations by increasing the efficiency of virtual management of the car transfer, taking into account the virtual logistics and IT industry. Methodology. The idea and basic tasks of synergetic integration of the following technologies: WEB, Internet in general, distribution of computer resources of the client and server part of the Industry 4.0 Results and originality. The most useful in the synergy of WEB implementation is the use as a feature of a dynamic site aggregator WEB portal in defined as the location of vehicles and visualization of the relevant transport situation. Practical value.It is obtaining additional computer resources in the conditions of application of WEB, which is offered for implementation, does not require significant capital expenditures. Costs associated only with the assistance of this new work of existing staff - WEB users of these solutions. The implementation of these scientific and practical results shows that the greatest benefit from using the cloud infrastructure instead of supporting its own IT infrastructure is not even technological, but financials.

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Southall, Humphrey, Ruth Mostern et Merrick Lex Berman. « On historical gazetteers ». International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing 5, n^o 2 (octobre 2011) : 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ijhac.2011.0028.

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Gazetteers play an important but largely unsung role in historical research, used with maps to help place people and events in spatial context. Recent years have seen new interest in digital gazetteers as bridges between the geospatial web and the semantic web, but many existing digital gazetteers and data models do not meet the needs of historians, as they focus on physiographic landforms rather than places of cultural meaning or administrative units. Historical researchers need to know about places whose locations are not knowable with certainty. They need to know about alternative names for places, about how names have evolved over time, and the specific historical contexts in which names were used. While GIS researchers propose temporal gazetteers, which will somehow include the precise dates at which features were created and removed, we propose historical gazetteers in which dates appear mainly in order to help reference particular instances of place names. Longer term, we need cultural gazetteers or toponymic encyclopedias that describe places as well as locate them.

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Baten, Raiyan Abdul, Daryl Bagley, Ashely Tenesaca, Famous Clark, James P. Bagrow, Gourab Ghoshal et Ehsan Hoque. « Creativity in temporal social networks : how divergent thinking is impacted by one’s choice of peers ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 17, n^o 171 (octobre 2020) : 20200667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2020.0667.

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Creativity is viewed as one of the most important skills in the context of future-of-work. In this paper, we explore how the dynamic (self-organizing) nature of social networks impacts the fostering of creative ideas. We run six trials ( N = 288) of a web-based experiment involving divergent ideation tasks. We find that network connections gradually adapt to individual creative performances, as the participants predominantly seek to follow high-performing peers for creative inspirations. We unearth both opportunities and bottlenecks afforded by such self-organization. While exposure to high-performing peers is associated with better creative performances of the followers, we see a counter-effect that choosing to follow the same peers introduces semantic similarities in the followers’ ideas. We formulate an agent-based simulation model to capture these intuitions in a tractable manner, and experiment with corner cases of various simulation parameters to assess the generality of the findings. Our findings may help design large-scale interventions to improve the creative aptitude of people interacting in a social network.

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Nordrum, Lene, et Mats Johansson. « A multilingual parallel corpus approach to time sufficiency expressions in Scandinavian and English. » Lund Journal of English Studies 3 (1 juin 2022) : 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.48148/ljes.v3i.24222.

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Both the Swedish verb hinna and the Norwegian verb rekke have been shown to encode complex sufficiency meanings involving temporal sufficiency and ability (‘have enough time to be able to do sth’) (Johansson & Nordrum, 2016, 2021), but differ in that hinna always encodes temporal meaning while rekke also has spatial meaning. Interestingly, a third Mainland Scandinavian language, Danish, can also encode complex sufficiency meanings, and is similar to Norwegian rekke in having both spatial and temporal meanings. In this paper, featuring a short background and a multimodal presentation, we explore the meaning and use of the three Scandinavian verbs, hinna, rekke, and nå, in the multilingual parallel corpus OPUS2 (available through the Sketch Engine Web based interface) using English as the pivot language (see Tiedemann, 2012). In the spirit of Johansson (2007), the English correspondences of the Scandinavian verbs are used to shed light on semantic distinctions that may be difficult to spot in monolingual data. The multimodal presentation discusses the possibility that the three verbs in the Scandinavian languages are on a path towards grammaticalization, but at different stages in the process, a discussion which is related to an observation in the literature that verbs with ‘reach’ type meanings tend to grammaticalize into modals (see e.g., Bybee et al, 1994).

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Huang, Yi, May Yuan, Yehua Sheng, Xiangqiang Min et Yuwei Cao. « Using Geographic Ontologies and Geo-Characterization to Represent Geographic Scenarios ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, n^o 12 (10 décembre 2019) : 566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8120566.

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Traditional Geographic Information Systems (GIS) represent the environment under reductionist thinking, which disaggregates a geographic environment into independent geographic themes. The reductionist approach makes the spatiotemporal characteristics of geo-features explicit, but neglects the holistic nature of the environment, such as the hierarchical structure and interactions among environmental elements. To fill this gap, we integrate the concept geographic scenario with the fundamental principles of General System Theory to realize the environmental complexity in GIS. With the integration, a geographic scenario constitutes a hierarchy of spatiotemporal frameworks for organizing environmental elements and subserving the exploration of their relationships. Furthermore, we propose geo-characterization with ontological commitments to both static and dynamic properties of a geographic scenario and prescribe spatial, temporal, semantic, interactive, and causal relationships among environmental elements. We have tested the utility of the proposed representation in OWL and the associated reasoning process in Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) rules in a case study in Nanjing, China. The case study represents Nanjing and the Nanjing presidential palace to demonstrate the connections among environmental elements in different scenarios and the support for information queries, evolution process simulation, and semantic inferences. The proposed representation encodes geographic knowledge of the environment, makes the interactions among environmental elements explicit, supports geographic process simulation, opens opportunities for deep knowledge mining, and grounds a foundation for GeoAI to discover geographic complexity and dynamics beyond the support of conventional theme-centric inquiries in GIS.

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Bekkozhanova, Gulnar Hismetollaevna, Saule Askarovna Askarova, Fatima Zylpykarovna Mamedova et Gulmaria Turysbekovna Ospanova. « LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND FUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES OF BUSINESS DISCOURSE AS MEANS OF COMMUNICATION ». EurasianUnionScientists 3, n^o 7(76) (20 août 2020) : 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31618/esu.2413-9335.2020.3.76.909.

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The article considers the communicative-pragmatic approach to the study of business discourse, analyzes the relationship between the business and the Internet space, reveals the genre specificity of blogs and the peculiarities of business discourse. The intentional base of business discourse is the struggle for power, which predetermines its main functions and methods of their implementation, speech acts, strategies and tactics. The goal of business discourse is not to describe, but to convince, having awakened intentions in the addressee, to give ground for persuasion and induce to action, in which the manipulative orientation of business discourse is manifested. Speech integration, orientation and aggression are widely used in accordance with the illocutionary purpose of expressing intentionality. Discourse is political when it accompanies a political act in a political setting. It has both common language functions and characteristic features of business discourse. The most important functions of social control and the legitimization of power can be considered, since it is they who have manipulative influence on the public, thereby achieving the main goal business discourse - the possession of power and control of society. In this research discourse can be used in any forms of communication related to the sphere of language. Such a definition of discourse involves the study of political language material taking into account the cultural, spatial and temporal conditions of its existence, as well as socio-cultural and personal characteristics of its creators and authors. In this regard, the issues of discourse analysis, as the most influential on public consciousness and widespread in the business, identifying its linguistic and extra-linguistic features are highlighted today, which requires to the system-forming signs of discourse, its units, basic concepts and functions prove the topicality of our research. Practical part identifies the main lexico-semantic, stylistic-syntactic and pragmatic features of modern business discourse in websites and mass business. It deals with a description of the functional and pragmatic capabilities of lexical and stylistic means in posts in political in websites and mass business, analyzes the pragmatic potential of these units and determines the range of their communicative and pragmatic functions. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that it considers the features of the web-site discourse from semantic, stylistic and communicative-pragmatic aspect, which will further deepen and expand the special knowledge in the conceptual world view of the English-speaking community and their fixation on the linguistic map. The purpose of the research work is to consider the most effective language means of representing the communicative and pragmatic potential of business discourse in web-sites and mass business. In the achievement of the main purpose of the study, the following tasks were set: - to characterize the phenomenon of discourse as a linguistic phenomenon; - to consider the specifics of the linguistic picture of the world in the framework of business discourse; - to identify the features of the functional, mainly linguo-cultural and stylistic peculiarities business discourse, reflecting business discourse in web-sites and mass business; - to stablish the general conditions for the productivity of lexical and stylistic and syntactic means in website discourse.

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Igbe, Tobore, Bolanle Ojokoh et Olumide Adewale. « Discovering Spatio-temporal Patterns of Themes in Social Media ». Oriental journal of computer science and technology 9, n^o 3 (17 décembre 2016) : 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojcst/09.03.02.

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Social networking website creates new ways for engaging people belonging to different communities, moral and social values to communicate and share valuable knowledge, therefore creating a large amount of data. The importance of mining social media cannot be over emphasized, due to significant information that are revealed which can be applied in different areas. In this paper, a systematic approach for traversing the content of weblog, considering location and time (spatiotemporal) is proposed. The proposed model is capable of searching for subjects in social media using Boyer Moore Horspool (BMH) algorithm with respect to location and time. BMH is an efficient string searching algorithm, where the search is done in such a way that every character in the text needs not to be checked and some characters can be skipped without missing the subject occurrence. Semantic analysis was carried out on the subject by computing the mean occurrence of the subject with the corresponding predicate and object from the total occurrence of the subject. Experiments were carried out on two datasets: the first category was crawled from twitter website from September to October 2014 and the second category was obtained from spinn3r data set made available through the International AAAI (Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence) Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM). The results obtained from tracking some subjects such as Islam and Obama shows that the mean occurrence of the analysis of the subject successfully reveals the pattern of the subject over a period of time for a specific location. Evaluation of the system which is based on performance and functionality reveals that the model performs better than some baseline models. The proposed model is capable of revealing spatiotemporal pattern for a subject, and can be applied in any area where spatiotemporal factor is to be considered.

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Agugiaro, Giorgio, Fabio Remondino, Gabrio Girardi, Jennifer Von Schwerin, Heather Richards-Rissetto et Raffaele De Amicis. « QueryArch3D : Querying and Visualising 3D Models of a Maya Archaeological Site in a Web-Based Interface ». Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (21 décembre 2011) : 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.2.

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Constant improvements in the field of surveying, computing and distribution of digital-content are reshaping the way Cultural Heritage can be digitised and virtually accessed, even remotely via web. A traditional 2D approach for data access, exploration, retrieval and exploration may generally suffice, however more complex analyses concerning spatial and temporal features require 3D tools, which, in some cases, have not yet been implemented or are not yet generally commercially available. Efficient organisation and integration strategies applicable to the wide array of heterogeneous data in the field of Cultural Heritage represent a hot research topic nowadays. This article presents a visualisation and query tool (QueryArch3D) conceived to deal with multi-resolution 3D models. Geometric data are organised in successive levels of detail (LoD), provided with geometric and semantic hierarchies and enriched with attributes coming from external data sources. The visualisation and query front-end enables the 3D navigation of the models in a virtual environment, as well as the interaction with the objects by means of queries based on attributes or on geometries. The tool can be used as a standalone application, or served through the web. The characteristics of the research work, along with some implementation issues and the developed QueryArch3D tool will be discussed and presented.

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Yang, Zhou, Xingshu Chen, Haizhou Wang, Wenxian Wang, Zhenxiong Miao et Tao Jiang. « A New Joint Approach with Temporal and Profile Information for Social Bot Detection ». Security and Communication Networks 2022 (7 mai 2022) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9119388.

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With the increasing popularity of online social networks (OSNs), a huge number of social bots have emerged. Social bots are involved in various cybercrimes like cyberbullying and rumor dissemination, which have seriously affected the normal order of OSNs. Nowadays, existing studies in this field almost focus on English OSNs like Twitter and Facebook. However, it is difficult to directly apply these detection technologies to Sina Weibo, which is one of the largest Chinese microblogging services in the world. In addition, social bots are evolving rapidly and time-consuming feature engineering may not perform well in detecting newly emerging social bots. In this paper, we propose a new joint approach with Temporal and Profile information for social bot detection (TPBot). The approach includes data collection module, feature extraction module, and detection module. To begin with, data collection module uses a web crawler to obtain user data from Sina Weibo. Next, the feature extraction module regards the user posts as temporal data to extract temporal-semantic and temporal-metadata features. Furthermore, this module extracts features based on users’ profile. Finally, a detection model based on BiGRU and attention mechanism is designed in the detection module. The results show that TPBot performs better than baselines with the F1-score of 0.9837 on the Sina Weibo dataset. Moreover, we have also conducted an experiment on the two datasets collected from Twitter to evaluate the generalization ability of TPBot. It is found that TPBot outperforms baselines on the new datasets and has good generalization ability.

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Andrews, Pierre, Javier Paniagua et Silvia Torsi. « “Katie’s Swiss Trip” ». International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 9, n^o 3 (juillet 2013) : 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2013070103.

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There is currently a trend in media management and the semantic web to develop new media processing methods and knowledge representation techniques to organize and structure media collections around events. While this increased interest for events as the central aggregator of media is supported by strong research in the fields of knowledge representation and computer vision; it is not yet clear how the digital era users use events when sharing their personal media collections. In this article, the authors first analyze and discuss a survey on photo-taking behavior and then explore a dataset of publicly available online albums to find out how users share photos. Based on the results of these studies, the authors show that, while media sharing services do not support events as yet, users still share their media around personal events, either by providing explicit spatio-temporal metadata in free text form, or by using an event-centric vocabulary when titling their collections of photos.

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Zheng, Danning, Tianran Hu, Quanzeng You, Henry Kautz et Jiebo Luo. « Towards Lifestyle Understanding : Predicting Home and Vacation Locations from User's Online Photo Collections ». Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 9, n^o 1 (3 août 2021) : 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v9i1.14591.

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Semantic place labeling has been actively studied in the past few years due to its importance in understanding human mobility and lifestyle patterns. In the last decade, the rapid growth of geotagged multimedia data from online social networks provides a valuable opportunity to predict people's POI locations from temporal, spatial and visual cues. Among the massive amount of social media data, one important type of data is the geotagged web images from image-sharing websites. In this paper, we develop a reliable photo classifier based on the Convolutional Neutral Networks to classify the photo-taking scene of real-life photos. We then present a novel approach to home location and vacation locations prediction by fusing together the visual content of photos and the spatiotemporal features of people's mobility patterns. Using a well-trained classifier, we showed that the robust fusion of visual and spatiotemporal features achieves significant accuracy improvement over each of the features alone for both home and vacation detection.

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Moura, Ana Maria de Carvalho, Fabio Porto, Vania Vidal, Regis Pires Magalhães, Macedo Maia, Maira Poltosi et Daniele Palazzi. « A semantic integration approach to publish and retrieve ecological data ». International Journal of Web Information Systems 11, n^o 1 (20 avril 2015) : 87–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijwis-08-2014-0028.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a four-level architecture that aims at integrating, publishing and retrieving ecological data making use of linked data (LD). It allows scientists to explore taxonomical, spatial and temporal ecological information, access trophic chain relations between species and complement this information with other data sets published on the Web of data. The development of ecological information repositories is a crucial step to organize and catalog natural reserves. However, they present some challenges regarding their effectiveness to provide a shared and global view of biodiversity data, such as data heterogeneity, lack of metadata standardization and data interoperability. LD rose as an interesting technology to solve some of these challenges. Design/methodology/approach – Ecological data, which is produced and collected from different media resources, is stored in distinct relational databases and published as RDF triples, using a relational-Resource Description Format mapping language. An application ontology reflects a global view of these datasets and share with them the same vocabulary. Scientists specify their data views by selecting their objects of interest in a friendly way. A data view is internally represented as an algebraic scientific workflow that applies data transformation operations to integrate data sources. Findings – Despite of years of investment, data integration continues offering scientists challenges in obtaining consolidated data views of a large number of heterogeneous scientific data sources. The semantic integration approach presented in this paper simplifies this process both in terms of mappings and query answering through data views. Social implications – This work provides knowledge about the Guanabara Bay ecosystem, as well as to be a source of answers to the anthropic and climatic impacts on the bay ecosystem. Additionally, this work will enable evaluating the adequacy of actions that are being taken to clean up Guanabara Bay, regarding the marine ecology. Originality/value – Mapping complexity is traded by the process of generating the exported ontology. The approach reduces the problem of integration to that of mappings between homogeneous ontologies. As a byproduct, data views are easily rewritten into queries over data sources. The architecture is general and although applied to the ecological context, it can be extended to other domains.

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Daoud, Mohammad. « Similarity Detection of Time-Sensitive Online News Articles Based on RSS Feeds and Contextual Data ». Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 7, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2023) : 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2023.01.006.

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This article tackles the problem of finding similarity between web time-sensitive news articles, which can be a challenge. This challenge was approached with a novel methodology that uses supervised learning algorithms with carefully selected features (Semantic, Lexical and Temporal features (content and contextual features)). The proposed approach considers not only the textual content, which is a well-studied approach that may yield misleading results, but also the context, community engagement, and community-deduced importance of that news article. This paper details the major procedures of title pair pre-processing, analysis of lexical units, feature engineering, and similarity measures. Thousands of web articles are being published every second, and therefore, it is essential to determine the similarity of these articles efficiently without wasting time on unnecessary text processing of the bodies. Hence, the proposed approach focuses on short contents (titles) and context. The conducted experiment showed high precision and accuracy on a Really Simple Syndication (RSS) dataset of 8000 Arabic news article pairs collected automatically from 10 different news sources. The proposed approach achieved an accuracy of 0.81. Contextual features increased the accuracy and the precision. The proposed algorithm achieved a 0.89 correlation with the evaluations of two human judges based on Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient. The results outperform the state-of-the-art systems on Arabic news articles.

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Cartier, Emmanuel, Alexander Onysko, Esme Winter-Froemel, Eline Zenner, Gisle Andersen, Béryl Hilberink-Schulpen, Ulrike Nederstigt, Elizabeth Peterson et Frank van Meurs. « Linguistic repercussions of COVID-19 : A corpus study on four languages ». Open Linguistics 8, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2022) : 751–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0222.

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Abstract The global reach of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing localized policy reactions provides a case to uncover how a global crisis translates into linguistic discourse. Based on the JSI Timestamped Web Corpora that are automatically POS-tagged and accessible via SketchEngine, this study compares French, German, Dutch, and English. After identifying the main names used to denote the virus and its disease, we extracted a total of 1,697 associated terms (according to logDice values) retrieved from news media data from January through October 2020. These associated words were then organized into categories describing the properties of the virus and the disease, their spatio-temporal features and their cause–effect dependencies. Analyzing the output cross-linguistically and across the first 10 months of the pandemic, a fairly stable semantic discourse space is found within and across each of the four languages, with an overall clear preference for visual and biomedical features as associated terms, though significant diatopic and diachronic shifts in the discourse space are also attested.

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Franceschini, Rachele, Ascanio Rosi, Filippo Catani et Nicola Casagli. « Exploring a landslide inventory created by automated web data mining : the case of Italy ». Landslides 19, n^o 4 (19 janvier 2022) : 841–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10346-021-01799-y.

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AbstractNowadays, several systems to set up landslide inventories exist although they rarely rely on automated or real-time updates. Mass media can provide reliable info about natural hazard events with a relatively high temporal and spatial resolution. The news publication about a natural disaster inside newspaper or crowdsourcing platforms allows a faster observation, survey, and classification of these phenomena. Several techniques have been developed for data mining inside social media for many natural events, but they have been rarely applied to the automatic extraction of “landslide events”. This source of information allows continuous feedback from real world, and news concerning landslide events can be rapidly collected. In this work, the newspaper articles about landslides in Italy are automatically collected by an existing data mining algorithm, based on a semantic engine. The news has been analysed to assess their distribution over the territory and to verify the possibility of using them for hazard mapping purpose. In 10 years, from 2010 to 2019, the algorithm identified and geolocated 184322 articles referring to 32525 generical events (“news”). At first, the collected data underwent to a manual verification, followed by a classification based on news relevance, localization accuracy and time of publication. Then, these data have been used to identify the areas and the periods most affected by landslide phenomena. The analyses show that almost 42% of Italian municipalities have been affected by landslide. According to the results, the use of data mining is helpful for the creation of landslide databases where the day and the approximative location (municipality) of the possible landslide triggers are known. This database, in turn, can be used for scientific purposes, as the definition of the meteorological condition associated with landslide initiation, the validation of risk maps. It can also be used for a proper land use or risk mitigation planning, since the most landslide-prone municipalities can be defined.

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Yeung, Andy Wai Kan, et Ioana Mozos. « The Innovative and Sustainable Use of Dental Panoramic Radiographs for the Detection of Osteoporosis ». International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n^o 7 (3 avril 2020) : 2449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072449.

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This bibliometric study evaluated the scientific impact of papers dealing with osteoporosis detected by dental panoramic radiographs by performing citation analysis and cited reference analysis. Retrospective data was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database and imported into VOSviewer, CRExplorer, and CitNetExplorer for analyzing semantic contents, cited references, and temporal citation network. The 280 relevant papers identified were cited 4874 times, having an h-index of 38 and 17.4 citations per paper. The top five major contributing countries were Japan (n = 54, 19.3%), USA (n = 43, 15.4%), Brazil (n = 38, 13.6%), Turkey (n = 38, 13.6%), and the UK (n = 32, 11.4%). Citation per paper correlated with publication count among the authors and institutions. Mandibular cortical width was the most frequently used and most cited measurement index. References published during the 1970s and 1980s have built the foundation for the development of research that investigates the potential associations between osteoporosis and radiographic measurements on panoramic radiographs. Osteoporosis detection by dental panoramic radiographs is a perennially investigated research topic with global contributions. Panoramic radiographs are considered early detection and screening tools for osteoporosis by worldwide research.

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