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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain"

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Truntsevskiy, Yuriy V., et Konstantin V. Ketsko. « CRIMINAL THREATS OF E-COMMERCE : INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL ASPECTS ». Public international and private international law 6 (29 octobre 2020) : 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3910-2020-6-18-22.

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Economic criminality, being driven by the digitalization of economic relations, switches to the area of electronic commerce and uses all the advantages emerging with the development of information and telecommunication technologies, which requires modern regulation of such relations by the state and international community. The authors consider electronic commerce as various economic relations that use electronic, telecommunication, information resources and technologies. Electronic commerce can potentially offer many advantages as compared with a more traditional trade, although its use also has some negative consequences and faces real threats of cybercrime mentioned in this article; electronic trade may be subject to money laundering. The authors identify the following: categories of cybercrime in the area of electronic commerce; types of cybercrimes using computers; types of cybercriminals; lines (levels) and key tasks of combating crimes in the area of electronic commerce.

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Fuchs, Kamila. « CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN TELECOMMUNICATION SECTOR COMPANIES ‒ SELECTED ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS ». Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, n^o 495 (2017) : 33–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15611/pn.2017.495.03.

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Cherkasova, E. « Spain and Crisis : Political Aspects ». World Economy and International Relations, n^o 9 (2013) : 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2013-9-33-41.

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The article considers the causes and the nature of the economic crisis which was a heavy blow for Spanish economy being in need of structural reforms. The domestic political consequences of the crisis included the change of government, the emergence of new protest movements and strengthening of separatism. Under the Brussels' pressure, Spain was forced to make significant adjustments to its national anti-crisis strategy which had a high social price. Particular attention is given to relations with the EU and the impact of the crisis on the country's foreign policy.

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Cooke, P. « Some Spatial Aspects of Regulatory and Technological Change in Telecommunication Industries ». Environment and Planning A : Economy and Space 24, n^o 5 (mai 1992) : 683–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a240683.

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This paper makes a contribution to the analysis of regulatory change, an aspect of the broader theoretical debate initiated by the ‘regulation school’ of economic theorists and others. Unlike much of that debate this paper is focused on an empirical field—telecommunications deregulation—and on questions of market strategy rather than those purely of production. After an analysis of the nature and rationale for regulation there is a focus upon the political and economic processes leading to deregulation in the telecommunications industry in the United Kingdom and USA. Attention is directed to ‘natural monopoly’ and ‘public service’ rationales for regulation and the importance of spatial issues is noted. The deregulatory climate and its effects upon computing and communication are then traced out and it is shown how corporate activity is tending towards ‘quasi-regulation’ to reduce competitive and market-based uncertainties.

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Rezghdeh, Keyvan, et Sajjad Shokouhyar. « A six-dimensional model for supply chain sustainability risk analysis in telecommunication networks : a case study ». Modern Supply Chain Research and Applications 2, n^o 4 (19 mai 2020) : 211–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mscra-09-2019-0018.

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PurposeThe main purpose of the present study was to improve and develop previously proposed models for Iran telecommunication networks. It should be noted that the six-dimensional (6D) sustainability model used in this study will be a useful and comprehensive model for industries. Since, the new dimension of IT along with the five well-known economic, social, environmental, technical and institutional aspects of organizations is considered to have great impacts on supply chain sustainability; the proposed framework can be practical.Design/methodology/approachAccording to the related literature review, there are two research streams in supply chain management. The first stream is exploratory research, seeking out conceptual discussions in this area. The second one is associated with mathematical models and techniques, aiming to set decision-making rules in this regard (Agrell et al., 2004). In this study, evaluation was performed using the FMEA method as an analytical technique based on the principle of pre-occurrence prevention to identify potential failure factors in sensitive systems (Mohammadfam and Kianfari, 2008).FindingsAfter identifying the risks and causes of the incidence and effects and consequences of risks, preventive and risk control measures and advisory strategies were presented. Customers with 45.76% share in critical risks are threatening to maintain supply chain in these companies. During this study, it was found that 33.9% of the main source of supply chain critical risks was customers, constituting 45.76% of such risks, accompanied by organization, having a 38.88% share of critical risk generation. The study findings also revealed that 33.9% of critical risks were mainly (equally) related to economic and technical aspects of supply chain sustainability in telecommunication networks. Moreover, as a newly-introduced sixth dimension, IT represented 10.17% of critical risks threatening supply chain sustainability in such networks. Critical risks are mainly related to the economic and technical aspects (equally) with the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain. Also, as a new finding and the sixth dimension, 10.17% of the critical risks that threaten the sustainability of the telecommunication networks supply chain have the information technology dimension.Originality/valueThe internet and fixed and mobile data services are provided by several private companies in Iran, which are relatively similar in terms of their supply chains. In order to manage the sustainability of Iran's telecommunication supply chain, telecommunication networks affiliated to Iran Telecommunication Company (ITC), operating in the field of data and internet services and fixed telephone were selected in 31 provinces. The intended networks were also providing an important part of the country's needs including Mobile Telecommunication Company of Iran, a subsidiary of Iran's telecommunication networks, as one of the top companies in this industry. Accordingly, all the networks studied in this study needed to be identified with regard to communication sustainability risks, since they provide management solutions to each other by segregating risks. In this study, 68 managers and 72 experts participated in different work teams of telecommunication networks.

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Flinchpaugh, Steven G. « Economic Aspects of the Viceregal Entrance in Mexico City ». Americas 52, n^o 3 (janvier 1996) : 345–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1008005.

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On November 4, 1640, a ship two months out of Cádiz entered the harbor of Veracruz and dropped anchor opposite the fortress of San Juan de Ulúa. On board was the new Viceroy of the Kingdom of New Spain, the Duque de Escalona, Diego López Pacheco. The viceroy’s arrival in Veracruz was but the first act in the elaborate drama of colonial government. Escalona and his party tarried in the port, passing the time inspecting the king’s troops and fortifications while they recuperated from the crossing and prepared for the journey to Mexico City. Accompanied by a mounted escort, gentlemen from the towns and cities of New Spain, a retinue of priests, servants and relatives, a herd of sheep, cattle, and other livestock, and by a baggage train carrying the stores of food and wines he brought with him from Spain, the viceroy would climb from sea level to the central meseta of New Spain, an ascent of nearly 8000 feet. The trip to Mexico City was a time for introductions, feasts, toasts, and pageants; but, it was also a time for politics, as the local notables, merchants, and government officials who accompanied the viceroy’s party vied for a favorable processional position and attempted to arrange a place at court for themselves, their relatives, and clients. Each village or town through which the viceroy passed would welcome him according to local custom and means. In larger towns like Puebla, this meant sumptuous entertainment, a procession to the cathedral followed by a reception and banquet. The viceroy could expect a more humble, but no less colorful reception when he passed through one of the dozens of smaller Indian communities along the route.

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Castells, A. « Catalonia and Spain at the crossroads : financial and economic aspects ». Oxford Review of Economic Policy 30, n^o 2 (1 juin 2014) : 277–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/gru022.

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Esakki Muthu, K., et K. Rajamannar. « A Study on Impact of Make in India in Indian Foreign Direct Investment ». Shanlax International Journal of Economics 8, n^o 2 (1 mars 2020) : 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/economics.v8i2.1878.

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That impact of globalization on employment can be a Central concern of current political current economic climate. For the “Make in India” promotion, the Government of India has diagnosed twenty-five precedence sectors that will be offered properly. Foreign direct investment (FDI) in India has received a the spian enhancement from instigating the Make in India scheme, as per the most recent Economic Survey. The investment climate in India has improved. Intending to attract and promote FDI, the Government of India (GoI) has put in place a policy framework on FDI, which is transparent, predictable, and easily comprehensible. India received FDI Inflow during 2014-2018 of US$ 223. Sectors such as Services, Computer software & hardware, Telecommunications, Trading, and Construction attracted the highest FDI. Most of the foreign countries like to invest in India during the 2018-19, India received the maximum FDI equity in flows from Mauritius, followed by Singapore and Japan. Total FDI investments in India during 2018-2019 are 62,001 cores, Government of India new polices to promote the FDI impact top 10 sectors services sector, Telecommunications, Computer software and hardware, Construction Development, Trading, Automobile Industry, Chemicals, Drugs & Pharmaceuticals, Construction (Infrastructure) Activities, Power. Most as of late, the all-out FDI value inflows for April 2019 contacted 36,463 crores. India During 2018-2019, India got the greatest FDI value inflows from Mauritius (Rs 57,139 crore), trailed by Singapore (112,362 crores), Netherlands (9,423 crores), USA (10,119 crores), and Japan (3, 28 4crore). This paper aims at explaining the impact of Make in Indian Foreign Direct Investment in various aspects.

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Pastukhov, A. « THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION ». Экономическая наука сегодня, n^o 10 (11 décembre 2019) : 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2309-6667-2019-10-218-223.

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The article is devoted to the development of the education system in the context of globalization of the economy, socio-economic relations and the introduction of the distance education, telecommunication, communication technologies. It presents aspects of the knowledge management and the formation of educational complexes as institutional conditions and social environment for the development of educational systems.

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Cherkasova, E. « Spain : Opinion on European Integration ». World Economy and International Relations, n^o 11 (2014) : 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-11-48-53.

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The article analyzes the changes that characterize Spanish approach to political aspects of European integration, and more specifically, the approach of different political parties to the process. Spanish political circles and even think tanks pay relatively little attention to theoretical aspects of European integration, whereas practical relations with the EU are of paramount importance. This is due to the fact that the question of belonging to the EU was settled in Spain long ago and definitively. Majoritarian character of Spanish democracy facilitates the transfer of powers from Brussels to Madrid, i.e. objectively favors the choice of federalization. Nevertheless, Spain continues to upload its national preferences onto the EU decision-making process. In recent years, Spain’s influence and authority in the EU have declined because of the economic crisis. This loss of authority will be overcome as soon as the economic growth is resumed. Constantly emphasizing its belonging to the core of the EU, the “Old Europe”, and to the core of the euro zone, maintaining close relationship with the Latin group within the EU, Spain has consistently advocated a united and strong Europe with a Common Foreign and Security Policy.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain"

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Tillery, Krista DiAnne. « Economic analysis of the telecommunications industry ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28570.

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Fowler, Julili Southerland. « The interaction of electronic space with regional development ». Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30489.

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劉先立 et Sien-lap Liu. « Key to success in international telecom market : a regional focus ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574614.

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Fernández-Briseño, Raúl. « Legal aspects of telecommunication satellites operation and financing ». Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19641.

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Over the last years the demand for satellite communication services has been increased. Global and domestic regulatory developments and support, as well as the emerge of new services, have facilitated launcMng capabilities and reduced the costs of manufacturing, launching and operating the satellites. Financing the telecommunication satellite systems is one of the most relevant issues that prospective satellite operators face on these days. Mstitutional lenders require adequate legal advise in order to properly instrument multimillion transactions where securitization is not enough clear and risks are extremely Mgh. TMs work analyzes the most important sources of financing of telecommunication satellites and the most adequate legal structures and methods based in legislation, legal cases, jurisprudence, doctrine, and legal practice.

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Clower, Terry L. « Increasing Telecommunications Channel Capacity : Impacts on Firm Profitability ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279298/.

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In calling for the deployment of high-capacity telecommunications infrastructures, the Clinton Administration is relying on market forces to drive demand toward self-sustaining development. There is little doubt that many firms will embrace the new telecommunications services for a variety of reasons including market differentiation, vertical market integration, and other organization-specific factors. However, there is little evidence at the firm level that adopting the use of increased-capacity telecommunications technologies is associated with improvements in firm profitability. This study seeks to identify the presence of impacts on firm income that can be associated with the adoption of T1 telecommunications services.

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Simard, Caroline J. 1971. « Le principe réglementaire de neutralité techno-économique comme outil instrumentant des réseaux de nouvelle génération / ». Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115655.

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This thesis defends the importance of a standardized designation for the principle of technological neutrality pertaining to the Next-Generation Network (NGN) migration within a competition regime. Renaming this as the principle of techno-economic neutrality would clearly demarcate its role as promoter of inter-technological competition as well as justify the necessity of grouping the three regulatory principles of technological neutrality, competition neutrality, and network neutrality followed by their integration into the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Reference Paper. The first part introduces the theoretical foundations to better define what it is and what it is not; the principle of techno-economic neutrality supports neither a total state non-intervention nor a progress reduced to a technical progress. The second part describes the parameters of the unanimous definition of the regulatory principle of techno-economic neutrality for the information and communication sectors considering competition and convergence. The triplets of neutrality would offer two guaranties: a regulatory burden balanced between the different suppliers of substitutable services and the emergence of an information and communication society protective of democratic values.
Mots-cles: Neutralite technologique, neutralite de la concurrence, neutralite de reseau, concurrence, convergence, technologies de l'information et de la communication, telecommunications, radiodiffusion, progres, progres technique, progres social, Organisation mondiale du commerce, OMC, Document de reference, reseaux de nouvelle generation, societe de l'information et de la communications, determinisme, interactionnisme, regulation, principe reglementaire, cadre reglementaire, reforme reglementaire, droit des telecommunications, droit des communications, droit des technologies de l'information et de la communication

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Tam, Sze-ying, et 譚思映. « The development of the information and communications technology (ICT)industry in China, 1995-2005 ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36549265.

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Chan, Ching-man, et 陳靜雯. « The reforms and development of China's telecommunications sector in the light of its accession into the World Trade Organization ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29519019.

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Patry, Michel. « Measuring the impact of regulation in a dynamic context : an application to Bell Canada ». Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29046.

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In this thesis, a model of producer behavior for a regulated utility that fully takes into account the dynamic nature of the capital accumulation process of the firm is developed and empirically implemented using recent data on Bell Canada. On the basis of this model of producer behavior, loss formulae that approximate the value of foregone output due to imperfect regulation in a dynamic context are derived and estimates of the deadweight loss in the case of Bell are provided. The estimation results indicate the importance of dynamic elements, such as expectations and adjustment costs of investment, in modeling the behavior of Bell. They also suggest that rate of return regulation may have affected the investment decisions of the utility.
Arts, Faculty of
Vancouver School of Economics
Graduate

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Kwok, Ki-wa Joyce, et 郭其華. « Hong Kong international telecommunications : strategic issues ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3126802X.

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Livres sur le sujet "Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain"

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Constantelou, Natasha. The economic and regulatory aspects of telecommunication numbering. Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1995.

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Engineers, Institution of Electrical, dir. World telecommunications economics. London : Institution of Electrical Engineers, 1999.

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Kelly, Tim. Communications outlook, 1990 = : Perspectives des communications, 1990. Paris : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 1990.

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Norman, Lawrie, et Peterson Magnus, dir. Tariffs, traffic and performance : The management of cost effective telecommunications services. London : Comm Ed, 1988.

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Jurgen, Schmandt, Williams Frederick 1933- et Wilson Robert Hines, dir. Telecommunications policy and economic development : The new state role. New York, NY : Praeger, 1989.

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China's telecommunications revolution. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2008.

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APEC, Seminar for Industry and Government (1997 Jakarta Indonesia). Economic and commercial effects of liberalisation of telecommunications : An APEC Seminar for Industry and Government, January 1997, Jakarta, Indonesia. Singapore : APEC Telecommunications Working Group, 1997.

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Mine, Hilary A. Opportunities in Latin American telecommunications markets, 1992-1997. Waltham, Mass : Decision Resources, 1993.

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Davis, Vivian Witkind. Breaking away from franchises and rate cases : A perspective on the evolution of state telecommunications policy. [Columbus, Ohio] : National Regulatory Research Institute, 1995.

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Skouby, Knud Erik. Social and economic implications of telecommunications. Lyngby : Center for Tele-Information, Technical University of Denmark, 1995.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain"

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Gómez, J. Ginestal. « The Regional Costs of AIDS in Spain ». Dans Economic Aspects of AIDS and HIV Infection, 195–202. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84089-0_20.

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Arroyo, Beatriz, Jesús Caro et Miguel Delibes-Mateos. « Social and Economic Aspects of Red-Legged Partridge Hunting and Management in Spain ». Dans The Future of the Red-legged Partridge, 275–95. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96341-5_11.

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Muñiz, Leticia, et Joan Miquel Verd. « Theoretical-Methodological Elements for Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities in Life Courses ». Dans Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 295–329. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_10.

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AbstractSocial inequalities are one of the structural problem areas of Western capitalist societies, and are of particular relevance both in Europe and in Latin America. Sociological studies on the issue account for the complexity of the phenomenon by presenting their constitution and consolidation based on the analysis of institutional and subjective aspects, which include the particularities, on the one hand, of the socio-economic systems of countries and regions; and, on the other hand, the representations, dispositions and actions deployed by individuals in order to deal with and live in an unequal world.This chapter forms part of these discussions on social inequalities by developing a theoretical-methodological analysis that helps to generate critical views of the phenomenon in a context in which there is a need to design public policies that will foster equality. In particular, social inequalities are studied from the perspective of life courses, which involves multidimensional analyses over time; and a theoretical-methodological model that deepens our current knowledge of the Comparative Biographical Perspective is developed. In order to show how this approach can be used empirically, we then present an analysis of the career paths of workers with different levels of education in Argentina and Spain.

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« Economic Relations Between Spain and America on the Eve of the Revolutions for Independence ». Dans The Economic Aspects of Spanish Imperialism in America, 1492-1810, 197–206. Liverpool University Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/upo9781846313011.011.

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« Economic Relations Between Spain and America on the Eve of the Revolutions for Independence ». Dans The Economic Aspects of Spanish Imperialism in America, 1492-1810, 197–206. Liverpool University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt5vjb5n.14.

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Peñalvo-López, Elisa, Javier Cárcel-Carrasco, Manuel Valcuende-Paya et María Carmen Carnero-Moya. « The Implementation of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (nZEB) in Spain ». Dans Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 364–86. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7152-0.ch018.

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The construction segment is an important economic sector in Europe, representing 9% of European gross domestic product (GDP) and providing approximately 18 million direct jobs. Construction activities that include renovation work and energy retrofits add almost twice as much value as the construction of new buildings, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute more than 70% of the value added in the EU building sector. Furthermore, European legislation obliges member states to establish minimum energy efficiency requirements for buildings to achieve optimum levels of costs versus energy demand reduction. These requirements are reviewed every five years and represent categories of buildings based on their energy levels (demand and generation). This chapter analyzes the legislation associated to nearly zero energy buildings (nZEB) in Spain in order to identify the factors that will leverage their massive implementation.

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« National Report for Spain ». Dans Commencement of Insolvency Proceedings, sous la direction de Ignacio Tirado. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199644223.003.0017.

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The current insolvency legislation is the result of a long and cumbersome evolution. It was approved on 7 July 2003 (Ley 22/2003, the Insolvency Act 2003 (‘IA’)) and came into force on 1 September 2004, putting an end to one of the most embarrassing situations that the Spanish legal system has ever had to endure: coming into the 21st century with an insolvency legislation dating back to the beginning of the 19th century. The previous insolvency system was composed of as many as five different legal instruments: the Commercial Codes (Codigo de Comercio) of 1885 and 1829 (only partially in force) and the Law on Suspension of Payments of 1922 (Ley de Suspension de Pagos), which regulated some procedural aspects and all material aspects of commercial insolvency; the Civil Code of 1889, which regulated the insolvency of the general—non-commercial—debtor; and the Civil Procedural Law, dating from 1881 (Ley de Enjuiciamiento civil ). It can then be said that the insolvency of a large business in a developed European economy (the fifth largest in the EU) had to be solved with laws that dated from two centuries before. The reform has been a relief and it has greatly modernised Spain’s economic legal legal framework. However, this process was neither easy nor did it produce a fully satisfactory result.

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Gallardo-Vázquez, Dolores, et Juan de la Cruz Sánchez-Domínguez. « Analysis of Entrepreneurial Dynamics in Spain ». Dans Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures, 117–42. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4826-4.ch005.

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Entrepreneurship is becoming one of Spain's economic driving forces. The Triple Bottom Line concept has gained notoriety in the last 30 years, creating a theoretical framework that justifies the measuring of the organizations' results not only economically, but also socially and environmentally, which has raised the awareness of the need to add Corporate Social Responsibility to the organizations' strategies. The goals of this study are to analyse the current state of entrepreneurship in Spain, to link entrepreneurship with CSR and to establish which aspects of CSR can be challenging for entrepreneurs.

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Gallardo-Vázquez, Dolores, et Juan de la Cruz Sánchez-Domínguez. « Analysis of Entrepreneurial Dynamics in Spain ». Dans Research Anthology on Developing Socially Responsible Businesses, 547–72. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5590-6.ch027.

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Entrepreneurship is becoming one of Spain's economic driving forces. The Triple Bottom Line concept has gained notoriety in the last 30 years, creating a theoretical framework that justifies the measuring of the organizations' results not only economically, but also socially and environmentally, which has raised the awareness of the need to add Corporate Social Responsibility to the organizations' strategies. The goals of this study are to analyse the current state of entrepreneurship in Spain, to link entrepreneurship with CSR and to establish which aspects of CSR can be challenging for entrepreneurs.

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Morata, Francesc. « 6. Spain : Modernization Through Europeanization ». Dans The Member States of the European Union. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199544837.003.0006.

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This chapter examines the different aspects of Spain’s adaptation to the European Union, and more specifically how Europe became a source of benefits and modernization for the country. Spain is the only country among all those which have joined the EU after 1958 whose political parties and citizenry were in full support of the issue. Europeanization has affected most policy areas, particularly economic and social policies, in response to EU pressures during the financial crisis. The chapter first considers the pattern of Spain’s relations with the EU before discussing the overall assessment of its EU membership among public opinion and political parties. It then analyses the impact of EU membership on Spain’s political institutions and governance, judicial politics, and policy adaptation in areas such as the Common Agricultural Policy and environmental policy. The chapter concludes by comparing Spain’s experience with those of other member states.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Telecommunication – Economic aspects – Spain"

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Valiñas Varela, Maria Guadalupe, et Arturo España-Caballero. « Urban contrast of two cities from globalization. Gentrification, socio-cultural and economic aspects in Mexico and Valencia ». Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5597.

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Globalization influences the transformation of cities, they develop changes in their composition and form, related mainly to socio-cultural and economic aspects that converge in some cases in a gentrification of spaces where the right to the city is altered, modifying its structure according To processes related to postmodernity and neoliberal policies that generate various negative changes such as the displacement of the original settlers and the deterioration of areas to the maximum to further intensify its value. However they also present positive signs such as the revitalization and improvement of spaces with new proposals that generate jobs or in some cases become places of fashion, or important tourist spots. It shows a contrast of two cities in different continent and conditions as it is the case of the city of Mexico in several points: the historical center, Polanco, Granada and the colony Rome. And in the city of Valencia in Spain: the historical center, Russafa, the Ensanche and the Cabanyal. The theme focuses on a central land dispute to recycle urban spaces that give rise to diverse public spaces of private character with commercial functions, modifying the resignification of the space, increasing the inequality and the differentiation but at the same time generating traces of similarity. The objective is to evaluate how they have modified housing, real estate market, surplus value, social practices and identity. Said analysis from a new vision with projection towards the future, by means of a complex model, analyzing the urban imaginary.

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Navarro, Mariano, Fernando Go´mez et Emilio Garci´a. « Lessons Learned From the Operation of a LILW National Disposal Centre : The Cabril and the Spanish Case ». Dans ASME 2009 12th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2009-16029.

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Spain occupies a relatively important position in experience in the field of LILW management. The management of LILW in Spain may be defined as an integrated system encompassing the entire spectrum; from production controls, removal and transport, to disposal. In this system, a clear definition of the responsibilities of each of the people involved plays a fundamental role. ENRESA, the organization in charge of radioactive waste management in Spain, has been operating the El Cabril LILW disposal facility since 1992, this installation being a key component in the national LILW management programme. Over the years ENRESA has acquired significant operating experience from a multi-disciplinary point of view, including technical, economic and social aspects. To date, since the design phase of the facility and over more than fifteen years, ENRESA has adopted a series of decisions and has undertaken programmes and activities that have allowed the installation to evolve into the reality that it now is. The aim of this paper is to present the lessons learned from a strategic point of view and in relation to the most relevant and significant aspects that have facilitated the normal operation of the facility, and the development of specific solutions to the challenges posed by the performance of activities, and the emerging needs of the Spanish programme.

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Mazur-Kumrić, Nives. « POST-COVID-19 RECOVERY AND RESILIENCEBUILDING IN THE OUTERMOST REGIONS OF THE EUROPEAN UNION : TOWARDS A NEW EUROPEAN STRATEGY ». Dans The recovery of the EU and strengthening the ability to respond to new challenges – legal and economic aspects. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/22443.

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The socio-economic environment of the outermost regions of the European Union was severely affected by the COVID-19 crisis. Due to their geographical and historical specificities, the outermost regions were significantly lagging behind the rest of the European Union in terms of economic indicators even in the pre-pandemic period. Expectedly, COVID-19-induced shocks additionally potentiated their development gap. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the multiple impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Réunion, Martinique, Mayotte, and Saint Martin (France), the Azores and Madeira (Portugal), and the Canary Islands (Spain), and the related legislative responses of the European Union aiming at eliminating adverse effects of the crisis and building more resilient societies. The factual assessment is carried out primarily through the prism of the European Commission’s 2021 Study on the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Outermost Regions, which underlines the health, economic and social repercussions of the crisis as well as a recommended set of recovery and resilience-building measures in the outermost regions. The legal analysis focuses on the ongoing codification of the rules and measures regulating the governance of the outermost regions as integral parts of the European Union. Pursuant to Article 349 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the European Union shall adopt specific measures for laying down the conditions for the development of the outermost regions, such as those in the area of fiscal policy, European Structural and Investment Funds, State-aid, agriculture and fisheries policies, and others. In that regard, the paper looks into the recently adopted regulations facilitating the use of EU funds and particular benefits (e.g. tax exemptions) in the outermost regions. Special emphasis is put on the currently tabled initiatives for an updated regulatory framework enabling the outermost regions to improve and strengthen their overall socio-economic position. That mainly refers to the forthcoming European strategy for the outermost regions, to be adopted in 2022. The respective strategy shall lay the foundations for a new strategic approach of the European Union to shaping a sustainable and resilient future for the outermost regions apt to face the challenges of the 21st century, notably those related to green, digital, and demographic transition.

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Forciniti, Carmen, Laura Eboli, Gabriella Mazzulla et Francisco Calvo. « Exploring the Factors that Impact on Transit Use through an Ordered Probit Model : the Case of Metro of Madrid ». Dans CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3205.

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The configuration of urban areas is the result of a cyclic relationship between land use and transportation system: the changes in transportation system arrangements influence the localisation of residence and economic activities, as well as the changes in land use affect transportation system characteristics. In this context, by operating on land use, travel demand can be shift from the individual transportation modes to transit systems. In the literature, many conceptual models were proposed to describe the complex relationship between land use and travel behaviour. In addition to spatial variation, the study of travel demand shows the categorical variation of variables. This work aims to analyse the influence of the categorical variation of variables impacting on transit use. An ordered probit model is proposed for evaluating how transit use depends on variables related to socio-economic characteristics of population, territorial features, accessibility, and transportation system. The study case is Madrid metro network (Spain). The results show a strong influence of characteristics of population and land use variables on daily trips made using metro system and highlighted the aspects that mainly impact on the choice to travel by metro, providing useful suggestions for shifting people from individual transportation mode to transit systems.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3205

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García Martín, Fernando Miguel, Fernando Navarro Carmona, Eduardo José Solaz Fuster, Víctor Muñoz Macián, María Amparo Sebastià Esteve, Pasqual Herrero Vicent et Anna Morro Peña. « Obsolescence of urban morphology in Villena (Spain). Spatial analysis of the urban fabric in the ISUD/EDUSI candidature. » Dans 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia : Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6206.

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The Integrated Sustainable Urban Development strategy (English acronym ISUD, Spanish acronym EDUSI) is an urban planning tool that the municipalities with more than 20.000 inhabitants in Spain need to be funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in the 2014-2020 period. The city of Villena is located south- east Spain, inland the province of Alicante. The Villena municipality developed this tool in order to have a holistic and integrated vision of the situation of the city from the urban, social, economic and environmental points of view. As a part of the analysis performed to develop this strategy, a spatial analysis of the urban fabric of Villena was carried out. This study employed concepts from the typomorphological schools of Italy, England and France (Moudon, 1994) as well as from the research on relation between density and urban form (Churchman, 1999, Berghauser & Pont, 2009, Steadman, 2014). The data and cartography of the Spanish Cadaster, processed with SIG software, allowed the study. The spatial analysis included different variables of the built environment, including building height and age; plots size; open space ratios, Not-built plots; type of built-plots according to height and built surface; and compactness of the fabrics. The results of this analysis showed a relationship between the morphological variables and the problems identified in the citizen participation meetings carried out for the elaboration of the ISUD. The identified aspects of urban morphology obsolescence allowed proposing strategies of action to update the built environment to current demands. References (100 words) Berghauser Pont, M., & Haupt, P. (2009). Space, density and urban form. TU delft. Retrieved from http://repository.tudelft.nl/view/ir/uuid%253A0e8cdd4d-80d0-4c4c-97dc-dbb9e5eee7c2/ Churchman, A. (1999). Disentangling the concept of density. Journal of Planning Literature, 13(4), 389–411. Moudon, A. V. (1994). Getting to know the built landscape: typomorphology. In K. A. Franck & L. H. Schneekloth (Eds.), Ordering space: types in architecture and design (pp. 289–311). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. Steadman, P. (2014). Density and built form: integrating “Spacemate” with the work of Martin and March. Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design, 41(2), 341–358.

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Nagy, Attila. « THE NON-APPLICATION OF COMPETITION RULES IN POST-CONFLICT DEVELOPMENT ». Dans International Jean Monnet Module Conference of EU and Comparative Competition Law Issues "Competition Law (in Pandemic Times) : Challenges and Reforms. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18834.

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Competition has been claimed to be a very liberal economic tool where market players are meant to be free in arranging their technologies, production and sales on a particular market. In this paper we are developing a new hypothetical of the functioning of market economies which are in a global sense and considering new markets very different and specific. All the global powers, whose centre of influence might change in time, are trying to gain a bigger share regarding raw materials and potential markets. In post-conflicts societies and in particular in our case study of Kosovo and Serbia we can see the more clear market interests of all local, regional and global powers. The research of post-conflict societies is providing us with some answers regarding the possible future developments in certain societies and regions. The EU made Brussels Agreements in Kosovo has managed to establish new enterprises as a solution of a political compromise where energy, telecommunication and natural resources played a key role. The Washington Agreement has liberalized the infrastructure achievements but in some aspects limited the use of energy and telecommunication infrastructure from certain sources. In this sense we can observe the limited capacity of competition rules application in post-conflict societies and in particular Kosovo in this case. These agreements have therefore limited the influence of economic, strategic and energy related influence from main USA competitors which have not been named in the agreements, but are well known. In both agreements it is visible how economic activities and cooperation is encouraged with various non-economic incentives. Competition is accordingly more of a political will than an economic reality for some in post-conflict societies. The introduction of various companies into the Kosovo legal framework and their control by Serbia is an obvious tool how natural resources could be shared for a benefit of citizens where conflict is resolved using free market and competition rules.

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Bueno, Ayrton Portilho. « Benidorm e Balneário Camboriú : comparações entre ícones do turismo de sol e praia urbano ». Dans Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona : Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo. Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6348.

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Benidorm, na costa alicantina, na Espanha, e Balneário Camboriú, no sul do Brasil, são cidades onde o turismo de sol e praia assumiu características urbanas. Têm similitudes paisagísticas e funcionais, pelos seus skylines e por apresentarem alojamentos turísticos e de segunda residência. Buscando entender comparativamente as duas cidades, analisaram-se suas relações com o território e o ambiente, acompanhando a evolução urbana de cada uma, relacionando-as aos processos sócio-econômicos, culturais e aspectos institucionais que permitiram e orientaram seus desenvolvimentos. Num recorte morfológico, analisou-se o tecido urbano, em especial das primeiras franjas junto à costa, comparando-se alguns aspectos visíveis dos tecidos urbanos que estão relacionados com a ambiência e a qualidade de vida nesses assentamentos. Percebeu-se que os tecidos urbanos de cada cidade, tiveram processos de ordenação territorial diferenciados que se refletem em ambientes urbanos de qualidades também diferentes. Benidorm, in alicantina coast, Spain, and Camboriú in southern Brazil, are cities where the sun and beach tourism has developed with urban model. They have similarities landscape and functional by their skylines and by present tourist and second home accommodations. Seeking understand the two cities comparatively, we analyzed their relations with the territory and the environment, following the urban evolution of each one, relating them to the social-economic processes, cultural and institutional aspects that led and guided their development. In a morphological approach, the urban tissue was analyzed, especially the first fringes along the coast, compared to some visible aspects of the urban fabric that are related to the ambience and quality of life in these settlements. It was noticed that the urban fabric of each city, had distinct territorial ordering processes that are reflected in urban environments also different qualities.

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Wong, Kau-Fui V., Thomas Hutley et Emma Salgado. « Offshore Wind Power and its Potential for Development in the West Wind Drift ». Dans ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39825.

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Offshore wind power is an emerging technology capable of providing coastal cities, states, and countries with a substantial portion of their energy needs. The vast potential of offshore wind power has not been fully explored. This work endeavors to perform a review of the literature on offshore wind power. Structural, economic, and environmental aspects are discussed keeping in mind the current status of offshore wind power development around the world. Offshore wind power is a relatively new technology being used by countries such as Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and China to provide larger and larger portions of their total energy needs. In 1991 Denmark opened its first commercial offshore wind farm in Vindeby producing a mere 4.95 MW of power. More ambitious projects followed and in 2001 the Middelgrunden, Copenhagen wind farm opened producing 40 MW of power. Then in 2000 the Horns Rev wind farm was put online producing 160 MW of power. The United Kingdom has many offshore wind power projects as well. The Blyth Offshore was opened in 2000 and produces 3.8 MW of power and several others in the United Kingdom produce anywhere from 10 to 90 MW of power. By 2007 end, Denmark had 402 MW and the UK had 395 MW, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands had varying amounts. Countries such as China and Germany are also leaders in the development of offshore wind power. In the United States, commercial offshore wind projects had a late start. The first operational offshore wind farms opened in 2007. However, the United States does not lag behind in wind power. In 2008 the United States produced more megawatt of wind power than any other country, making them the leader of wind power production. Offshore wind, however, only constitutes a tiny portion of the total wind power production of the United States. Recent advancements in the technology associated with wind power as a renewable energy source have made it a feasible form of climate change mitigation. Recent development has led countries such as Denmark, Portugal, and Spain to devote as much as 19% of their total energy production to wind power as of 2008, and is encouraging many other developed countries to do the same. This paper performs a review of the status of offshore wind projects internationally. It considers specifically the potential of the West Wind Drift near the southernmost tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula as a geographically and meteorologically advantageous location for the implementation of these wind technologies. Many of the more general problems associated with the use of wind turbines are eliminated by location alone. The winds that cause the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) have a consistent west to east pattern and are some of the strongest winds on Earth, both ideal qualities when considering the possibility of wind power, and the wind in this area has very low intermittency. The average wind speed between 40°S and 60°S is 15 to 24 knots with strongest winds typically between 45°S and 55°S. Cape Horn is about 56°S [1]. Historically, the ACC has been called the ‘West Wind Drift’ because the prevailing westerly wind and current are both eastward. Owing to the remoteness of the Cape Horn area and Antarctica, many of the social matters associated with the development of wind farms are eliminated. Obvious factors must be considered when developing in such an area. The paper will cover the engineering requirements of turbines functioning in subzero temperatures consistently as well as the long distance transmission associated with development in this area and its economic feasibility. It will also cover the environmental and regulatory issues associated with the development in such an area.

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Mocofan, Muguras daniel. « LEARNING BY GAMES ; A STUDY CASE OF THE COFFE PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION IN ROMANIA ». Dans eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-077.

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Introduction COFFE project proposes the transferring and modernizing an on-line tool "Simulation enterprise", dedicated to vocational school students which enables users to run virtual enterprise producing mobile phones and manage it in an environment reflecting real economic conditions. The game is concentrated on developing entrepreneurial skills and encouraging users to run in the future own business. The main aims and objectives are: o increasing knowledge on enterprise functioning and enterprise management, o raising awareness in the field of contemporary economic conditions in Poland and other partner countries, o helping game users to develop entrepreneurship and use this knowledge for learning and developing competences from areas: entrepreneurship, mathematics, ICT and foreign languages, o raising awareness among key stakeholders in the field of key competences which are necessary to possess to get employed. The COFFE PROJECT COFFE project is a partnership of six organizations and institutions, which are: educational institution (University of Economics and Innovation, Poland and GEA College, Slovenia), non-governmental organization (OIC Poland), counseling services and career guidance (CPIP Romania), chambers of commerce (Cambra Tarrasa from Spain) and research centres (RCI, Cyprus). The consortium partners are familiar with issues connected with developing entrepreneurial attitudes as well as experienced in multilateral projects within LLP Programme as all of them participated previously in LLP, either as leading partner or as a partner organization/institution. The project will cause an increase of entrepreneurial attitudes amongst young people (mainly vocational school students) and other interested in development their entrepreneurial skills, increase their knowledge from macro-economy as well as popularize using modern training methods (e-learning and simulation games) which are recently becoming more attractive and effective. Learning by games "Business Simulation" game system is the Internet application simulating realities of the contemporary market within the business realm. Games take place in the virtual world and reflect the basic rules and dependencies existing in the business world. Players play a role of owners of companies producing mobile phones. Their task is to start and develop their companies in the reality of competition with other enterprises of similar profile and run by other players. Competing on this difficult market requires a skillful management of the company's potential and resorting to cooperation with trade partners. The object of the game's simulated market are mobile phones. Each one is characterized by two features: quality level and functionality level. In the game, time runs in a constant manner. Its flow is measured in units called steps. The bigger unit applied is a period, which is a multiple of steps of the game. Notions of periods and steps may be respectively identified with months and days in the real world. In the game there is no equivalent of a year. The world in which the game takes place has its geographical properties. It is all divided into locations, each of which is situated in a given country and has its geographical coordinates. At the start of the game, all the business entities which require their headquarters are automatically located on the map. These are players' companies, clients, suppliers, warehouses and transport companies. It means that each company receives an investment plot on some country's territory and therefore the access to trade partners existing in a particular country. In order to enter into partnership with foreign companies, a player's company will have to establish a branch in a neighboring country. The screen describing a given branch of a player's company, presents a kind of magnification of a singular part of the world map. It also includes a list of organizational units which have their headquarters in this location together with providing their basic parameters. Below, there is also a component showing values of factors describing a given branch, such as being assigned to a given country, its parameters on the world map, a quantity of building plots and its value. An empty, newly bought investment plot includes several free building plots. A player decides on ways of its exploitation. Particular building plots in this location will be taken over by buildings belonging to organizational units. With the moment of its purchase, one of building plots is automatically taken over by an administration building which represents a workplace on managerial staff and administration. Furthermore, a company branch screen has an option of changing its name. Results The paper presents the study case of the implementation of the COFFE project in Romania. We present aspects about: o the developing of the on-line simulation game, designed for specific purpose and target group o the impact of this tool which will reflect economical conditions to the students o the use of modern technologies to make the training process as attractive as possible o the promotion of the entrepreneurship, innovativeness and self-employment

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