Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Taxonomy refinement »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Taxonomy refinement"
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Freeman, Julie, Geraint Wiggins, Gavin Starks et Mark Sandler. « A Concise Taxonomy for Describing Data as an Art Material ». Leonardo 51, no 1 (février 2018) : 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01414.
Texte intégralRésumé :
How can we describe data when used as an art material? As the number of artists using data in their work increases, so too must our ability to describe the material in a way that is understood by both specialist and general audiences alike. Based on a review of existing vocabularies, glossaries and taxonomies of data, we propose our own concise taxonomy. To conclude, we propose the adoption of this concise taxonomy by artists, critics and curators, and suggest that ongoing refinement of the taxonomy takes place through crowdsourced knowledge sharing on the Web.
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Leeder, Chris, Karen Markey et Elizabeth Yakel. « A Faceted Taxonomy for Rating Student Bibliographies in an Online Information Literacy Game ». College & ; Research Libraries 73, no 2 (1 mars 2012) : 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/crl-223.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study measured the quality of student bibliographies through creation of a faceted taxonomy flexible and fine-grained enough to encompass the variety of online sources cited by today’s students. The taxonomy was developed via interviews with faculty, iterative refinement of categories and scoring, and testing on example student bibliographies. It was then applied to evaluate the final bibliographies created in BiblioBouts, an online social game created to teach undergraduates information literacy skills. The scores of players and nonplayers were compared and showed a positive impact from the game. Findings of the evaluations of these student bibliographies are discussed.
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Ding, Yepeng, et Hiroyuki Sato. « Formalism-Driven Development : Concepts, Taxonomy, and Practice ». Applied Sciences 12, no 7 (27 mars 2022) : 3415. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073415.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Formal methods are crucial in program specification and verification. Instead of building cases to test functionalities, formal methods specify functionalities as properties and mathematically prove them. Nevertheless, the applicability of formal methods is limited in most development processes due to the requirement of mathematical knowledge for developers. To promote the application of formal methods, we formulate formalism-driven development (FDD), which is an iterative and incremental development process that guides developers to adopt proper formal methods throughout the whole development lifespan. In FDD, system graphs, a variant of transition systems optimized for usability, are designed to model system structures and behaviors with representative properties. System graphs are built iteratively and incrementally via refinement. Properties of system graphs are specified in propositional and temporal logics and verified by model-checking techniques with interpretation over transition system. In addition, skeleton programs are generated based on system graphs and expose implementable interfaces for executing external algorithms and emitting observable effects. Furthermore, we present Seniz, a framework that practicalizes and automates FDD. In this paper, we explicate the concepts and taxonomy of FDD and discuss its practice.
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Williams, Monnica T., Matthew D. Skinta et Renée Martin-Willett. « After Pierce and Sue : A Revised Racial Microaggressions Taxonomy ». Perspectives on Psychological Science 16, no 5 (septembre 2021) : 991–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691621994247.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Harvard psychiatrist Chester Pierce’s conception of “subtle and stunning” daily racial offenses, or microaggressions, remains salient even 50 years after it was introduced. Microaggressions were defined further by Sue and colleagues in 2007, and this construct has found growing utility as the deleterious effects of microaggressions on the health of people of color continues to mount. Many studies seek to frame microaggressions in terms of a taxonomic analysis of offender behavior to inform the assessment of and interventions for the reduction of racial microaggressions. This article proposes an expansion and refinement of Sue et al.’s taxonomy to better inform such efforts. We conducted a review of published articles that focused on qualitative and quantitative findings of microaggressions taxonomies ( N = 32). Sixteen categories of racial microaggressions were identified, largely consistent with the original taxonomy of Sue et al. but expanded in several notable ways. Building on our prior research, other researchers supported such new categories as tokenism, connecting via stereotypes, exoticization and eroticization, and avoidance and distancing. The least studied categories included the denial of individual racism from Sue et al., and newer categories included reverse-racism hostility, connecting via stereotypes, and environmental attacks. A unified language of microaggressions may improve understanding and measurement of this important construct.
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Öpik, Maarja, John Davison, Mari Moora et Martin Zobel. « DNA-based detection and identification of Glomeromycota : the virtual taxonomy of environmental sequences ». Botany 92, no 2 (février 2014) : 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2013-0110.
Texte intégralRésumé :
An increasing number of case studies are reporting Glomeromycota molecular diversity from ecosystems worldwide. Typically, phylogroups that can be related to morphospecies and those that remain unidentified (“environmental”) are recorded. To compare such data and generalise observed patterns, the principles underlying sequence identification should be unified. Data from case studies are collected and systematized in a public database MaarjAM ( http://www.maarjam.botany.ut.ee ), which applies a unique molecular operational taxonomic unit (MOTU) nomenclature: virtual taxa (VT) are phylogenetically defined sequence groups roughly corresponding to species-level taxa. VT are based on type sequences, making them consistent in time, but they also evolve: they can be split or merged, when necessary. This system allows standardisation of original MOTU designations and, much like binomial taxonomic nomenclature, comparison and consistency between studies. Refinement of VT delimitation principles and comparability with traditional Glomeromycota taxonomy will benefit from more information about intra- vs. inter-specific nucleotide variation in Glomeromycota, sequencing of morphospecies, and resolution of issues in Glomeromycota taxonomy. As the recorded number of VT already exceeds the number of Glomeromycota morphospecies, designation of species based on DNA alone appears a necessity in the near future. Application of VT is becoming widespread, and MaarjAM database is increasingly used as a reference for environmental sequence identification. The current status and future prospects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) DNA-based identification and community description are presented.
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Love, Kristina. « Towards a further analysis of teacher talk ». Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 14, no 2 (1 janvier 1991) : 30–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.14.2.02lov.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Current systems for analyzing classroom talk require some refinement in order that they may be applied for professional development purposes. Sinclair and Coulthard’s (1975) system is particularly useful as a potential tool for diagnostic purposes, but requires further development at the level of ‘act’ both in order to clarify theoretical frameworks and to provide manageability in terms of its application. This study will present a first approximation towards the development of a more refined system of classifying classroom discourse. In its focus on teacher talk, it will provide a preliminary taxonomy of types of teacher acts. This taxonomy, it is hoped, will both inform existing theory and provide a diagnostic tool in the training of teachers.
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da Silva, David V., João M. Duarte, Maria G. Miguel et José M. Leitão. « AFLP assessment of the genetic relationships among 12 Thymus taxa occurring in Portugal ». Plant Genetic Resources 15, no 1 (27 juillet 2015) : 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479262115000337.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thymus is a widely distributed genus in the Mediterranean region with several species endemic to the Iberian Peninsula. The genetic relationships among the 12 major Thymus taxa, T. albicans, T. caespititius, T. camphoratus, T. capitellatus, T. carnosus, T.lotocephalus, T. mastichina L. ssp. mastichina, T. pulegioides, T. villosus ssp. lusitanicus, T. villosus ssp. villosus, T. zygis ssp. sylvestris and T. zygis ssp. zygis, which occur in Portugal were assessed by AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms) markers. A general agreement was found between the genetic relationships estimated by the AFLP markers and the accepted Thymus taxonomy based on morphological traits and essential oil content. The AFLP markers also supported suggestions for refinement of the taxonomy of this genus.
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Kadmin, A. F., R. A. Hamzah, M. N. Abd Manap, M. S. Hamid et S. F. Abd Gani. « mproved Stereo Matching Algorithm based on Census Transform and Dynamic Histogram Cost Computation ». International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering 11, no 8 (19 août 2021) : 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.46338/ijetae0821_07.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Stereo matching is a significant subject in the stereo vision algorithm. Traditional taxonomy composition consists of several issues in the stereo correspondences process such as radiometric distortion, discontinuity, and low accuracy at the low texture regions. This new taxonomy improves the local method of stereo matching algorithm based on the dynamic cost computation for disparity map measurement. This method utilised modified dynamic cost computation in the matching cost stage. A modified Census Transform with dynamic histogram is used to provide the cost volume. An adaptive bilateral filtering is applied to retain the image depth and edge information in the cost aggregation stage. A Winner Takes All (WTA) optimisation is applied in the disparity selection and a left-right check with an adaptive bilateral median filtering are employed for final refinement. Based on the dataset of standard Middlebury, the taxonomy has better accuracy and outperformed several other state-ofthe-art algorithms. Keywords—Stereo matching, disparity map, dynamic cost, census transform, local method
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Cimino, J. J. « Formal Descriptions and Adaptive Mechanisms for Changes in Controlled Medical Vocabularies ». Methods of Information in Medicine 35, no 03 (mai 1996) : 202–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634662.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract:Standard controlled medical vocabularies are typically based on a coding scheme, while medical informatics applications tend to have a more formal conceptual foundation. When such applications attempt to use data coded with standard vocabularies, problems can arise when the standard vocabulary changes over time. A formal taxonomy is presented for describing the semantic changes which can occur in a vocabulary, such as simple addition, refinement, precoordination, disambiguation, redundancy, obsolescence, discovered redundancy, major name changes, minor name changes, code reuse, and changed codes. The taxonomy is described that used to effect change in one concept-based vocabulary (the Medical Entities Dictionary), and the utility of the approach is demonstrated by applying it to the changes appearing in the 1994 release of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition, with Clinical Modifications (ICD-9-CM).
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MARTIN, JENNIFER M., et ERIC J. HILTON. « A taxonomic review of the family Trachipteridae (Acanthomorpha : Lampridiformes), with an emphasis on taxa distributed in the western Pacific Ocean ». Zootaxa 5039, no 3 (16 septembre 2021) : 301–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5039.3.1.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The family Trachipteridae—the Ribbonfishes, Dealfishes, and their relatives—has a circumglobal distribution, with at least 10 species in three genera (Zu Walters & Fitch 1960, Desmodema Walters & Fitch 1960, and Trachipterus Goüan 1770) that are characterized by elongate, extremely laterally compressed bodies, large eyes, absence of ribs, spines on lateral-line scales, greatly protrusible mouths, and a lack of pelvic fins in adults. They are also known for the drastic morphological changes that occur during ontogeny. Trachipterids are poorly represented in collections due to the fragile nature of their bodies. Most studies of the Trachipteridae have been limited by the numbers, developmental stages, and the completeness of the specimens that were examined. Along with the lack of available material, incomplete and conflicting character information compounds the taxonomic confusion of Trachipteridae. Despite the body of regional revisions that have examined trachipterid taxonomy, none have synthesized a suite of morphological characters across ontogeny. The goals of this paper are to (1) revise the family Trachipteridae, (2) revise the genera Trachipterus, Zu, and Desmodema, including information regarding ontogeny and biogeography, and 3) address the alpha taxonomy of Zu, Desmodema, and Trachipterus from the western Pacific Ocean. We recognize possibly five species of Trachipterus as being present in the western Pacific, as well as two species of both Zu and Desmodema. Despite additions to the specimen base that allows refinement of taxonomy and diagnoses, there are still large knowledge gaps associated with the taxonomic review of Trachipteridae. These reflect incomplete understanding of geographic distribution of taxa which may mask unrecognized taxonomic variability. The genus Trachipterus specifically remains problematic and will require greater detailed global study. Early life history stages remain unknown for several taxa which hinders full interpretation of ontogenetic transitions. Protracted transitions, some of which are clarified here, further confuse stage-based diagnoses and must be considered in future analyses of this family.
Thèses sur le sujet "Taxonomy refinement"
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NOBANI, NAVID. « Empowering XAI and LMI with Human-in-the-loop ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/10281/404831.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Un tempo mirata ad imitare il cervello umano ed esistente solo come modelli matematici nel mondo accademico, la vasta famiglia dei metodi di Intelligenza Artificiale ha ben superato il suo obiettivo iniziale;
ed ora comprende modelli con miliardi di parametri addestrati su milioni di dati per lo più generati dall'uomo.
Tali modelli sono presenti in quasi ogni aspetto della nostra vita, dalle previsioni meteorologiche e
dai contenuti di social network, da come le nostre banche rilevano transazioni fraudolente collegate ai nostri conti, a mappe che ci guidano verso un ristorante attraverso strade a noi sconosciute di una nuova città.
Tutti questi progressi, però, hanno un limite comune: le loro prestazioni sono limitate alla quantità di conoscenza umana che possiamo nutrire loro, ovvero dati di addestramento che dovrebbero crescere di continuo assieme ai parametri del modello sia in termini di quantità che di qualità. Sfortunatamente, tale requisito ha spesso un costo elevato, dato che la generazione di dati comprensibili dalle macchina e aggiornarli e mantenerli è estremamente costoso e laborioso.
Un modo per superare questo problema è il paradigma Human-in-the-Loop (HITL): considerare gli esseri umani non solo come una parte passiva del sistema, ovvero fornitori di input e consumatori di output, ma come una parte attiva dei sistemi di IA che partecipano alla creazione e alla validazione di dati, parametri del modello e input del modello. In questo modo, iniettiamo nel sistema conoscenze umane aggiornate che altrimenti sarebbero dovute giungere attraverso set di formazione costosi e spesso obsoleti.
Questa tesi propone nuovi metodi per l'integrazione di HITL con i campi di eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) e Labor Market Intelligence (LMI):
Nella parte I, proponiamo e implementiamo un sistema di spiegazione conversazionale chiamato ConvXAI, estendendo lo stato dell'arte attuale e introducendo un nuovo tipo di conversazione, ovvero il Clarification conversation. Seguendo il paradigma HITL, ConvXAI si differenzia dai classici sistemi XAI che creano spiegazioni universali indipendentemente dal
livello di conoscenza, background e necessità fornendo spiegazioni che si adattano al contesto dell'utente e utilizzando le informazioni fornite dall'utente. Questo modello è composto da dati anonimi
forniti dalla società Digital Attitude S.r.l.
Nella parte II, proponiamo un modello chiamato TaxoRef, che raggiunge il suo obiettivo, ovvero il raffinamento della tassonomia, considerando gli esperti di dominio come fornitori dei dati di input (tassonomia) e, allo stesso tempo, come validatori finali dei suggerimenti del modello. Questo metodo è stato sviluppato a partire dai dati forniti dalla società Tabulaex/Burning Glass Technologies.Once aimed to mimic the human brain and existed only as mathematical models in academia, the vast family of Artificial Intelligence methods are well passed that initial goal; models with billions of parameters trained on millions of mostly human-generated data. Such models are present in almost each and every aspect of our lives, from the weather forecasts and social network content to how our banks detect fraudulent transactions connected to our accounts and maps that guide us to a restaurant through unknown streets of a new city. All these advancements, though, have a common limitation: their performance is bounded to the amount of human knowledge we can feed them, i.e. training data that should chase the ever-growing model parameters both in terms of quantity and quality. Unfortunately, such a requirement often comes with a high cost, given that generating machine-friendly data and updating and maintaining them is enormously labour-intensive. One way to overcome this issue is the Human-in-the-Loop (HITL) paradigm: looking at humans not only as a passive part of the system, i.e. provider of inputs and consumer of outputs but as an active part of AI systems that participate in the creation and validation of data, model parameters and model inputs. By doing so, we inject the system with up-to-date human knowledge that otherwise should have arrived through expensive and often outdated training sets. This thesis proposes novel methods for integrating HITL with the eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) and Labour Market Intelligence (LMI) fields: In part I, We propose and implement a conversational explanation system called \convxai by extending the current state-of-the-art and introducing a new conversation type, i.e. Clarification conversation. Following the HITL paradigm, \convxai differentiates itself from the classic XAI systems that create one-size-fits-all explanations regardless of the user's knowledge level, background and need by providing explanations that fit the user's context and using the information provided by the user. This model is made by anonymous data provided by Digital Attitude S.r.l company. In part II, we provide a model called \taxorefs, which achieves its objective, i.e. taxonomy refinement, by considering domain experts as providers of the input data (taxonomy) and in the same time, as final validators of the model's suggestions. This method was developed by data provided by Tabulaex/Burning Glass Technologies company.
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Scime, Anthony. « Taxonomic information retrieval (TAXIR) from the World Wide Web knowledge-based query and results refinement with user profiles and decision models / ». 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39258102.html.
Texte intégralLivres sur le sujet "Taxonomy refinement"
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Rhodes, Ryan E., David M. Williams et Mark T. Conner. Affective Determinants of Health Behavior. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190499037.003.0021.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This chapter summarizes common themes and some ongoing controversies addressed in this volume. Common themes include the growing agreement regarding distinctions between affect proper and cognition about affect, between incidental and integral affect, between implicit and explicit affective attitudes, and between instrumental and affective outcome expectancies/attitudes. The need for a common taxonomy of affect constructs is clear, and this chapter provides preliminary distinctions as a starting point for further refinement. It overviews aspects that require more in-depth theorizing such as behavior-specificity in affect–behavior relationships, and the relationship among affect, social processes, and behavior. Finally, it highlights how the impact of affective determinants on health behavior may be intervened on via three separate routes (independent, direct, moderated), using examples across various chapters within the volume.
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Forshaw, Joseph M., Mark Shephard OAM et Anthony Pridham. Grassfinches in Australia. CSIRO Publishing, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643107878.
Texte intégralRésumé :
It is not surprising that Australian grassfinches are highly popular with ornithologists and aviculturists, for included among the species are one of the most beautiful of all birds – the Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae – and one of the most familiar cagebirds – the Zebra Finch Taeniopygia guttata.
Despite a scarcity in published works on finches, interest in the species is growing, leading to a dramatic advancement in our knowledge of many species. For example, we have gained new information from field observations carried out on little-known species, including the Blue-faced Parrot-Finch Erythrura trichroa and the Red-eared Firetail Stagonopleura oculata. Significant advances in taxonomic research, largely as a consequence of the development and refinement of biochemical analyses, often involving DNA-DNA hybridisation, have given us a new insight into relationships among species, with some unexpected alliances being determined. Additionally, dramatic changes have taken place in avicultural practices, and in virtually all countries aviculture has taken on a new professional approach, with the most notable results being increased productivity and success with a wider variety of species.
After a lapse of almost half a century since publication of Klaus Immelmann’s eminent work on finches, based on extensive field studies, the time has come for a new examination of Australian grassfinches. In Grassfinches in Australia, Joseph Forshaw, Mark Shephard and Anthony Pridham have summarised our present knowledge of each species, and have given readers a visual appreciation of the birds in their natural habitats and in aviculture. The resulting combination of superb artwork and scientifically accurate text ensures that this volume will become the standard reference work on Australian grassfinches. In addition to enabling aviculturists to know more about these finches in the wild as a guide to their own husbandry techniques, detailed information on current management practices for all species in captivity is provided. The book also includes colour plates depicting some of the more common mutations held in Australian and overseas collections.
2013 Whitley Award Commendation for Illustrated Zoology.
Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Taxonomy refinement"
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Malandri, Lorenzo, Fabio Mercorio, Mario Mezzanzanica et Navid Nobani. « TaxoRef : Embeddings Evaluation for AI-driven Taxonomy Refinement ». Dans Machine Learning and Knowledge Discovery in Databases. Research Track, 612–27. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86523-8_37.
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Bell, Rayna C., Luis M. P. Ceríaco, Lauren A. Scheinberg et Robert C. Drewes. « The Amphibians of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands ». Dans Biodiversity of the Gulf of Guinea Oceanic Islands, 479–504. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06153-0_18.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThis chapter reviews the diversity, evolutionary relationships, ecology, and conservation of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic islands’ endemic caecilian and anuran fauna. A total of nine amphibian species (representing five families) are known from São Tomé and Príncipe islands, all of which are endemic. No amphibians have been reported from Annobón. Taxonomic research on this group of animals began in the second half of the nineteenth century with subsequent refinement following the advent of molecular techniques. The presence of several amphibians from distinct evolutionary lineages is unexpected for oceanic islands and has motivated several biogeographic studies to reconstruct the evolutionary histories of these enigmatic species. Yet, the continental source for many of the islands’ amphibians remains unknown. The amphibians of São Tomé and Príncipe also exhibit intriguing phenotypic diversity for addressing long-standing hypotheses in evolutionary biology, including body size evolution and gigantism on islands, intraspecific variation and interspecific divergence in coloration, and reproductive and dietary niche partitioning. Recent studies have confirmed the presence of the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in amphibian communities on both São Tomé and Príncipe, but it is unclear whether this pathogen is negatively impacting local populations. Most of the Gulf of Guinea oceanic island endemic amphibians are incredibly abundant and widespread, occurring in primary forest, secondary forest, and agricultural habitats across the islands. Three anuran species (Hyperolius thomensis, Leptopelis palmatus, Ptychadena newtoni) have more limited distributions and/or more specialized ecologies; consequently, additional land-use change poses a threat to the long-term persistence of these taxa.
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« Ascoli, Wylton, And Alnwick On Scotuss Formal Distinction : Taxonomy, Refinement, And Interaction ». Dans Philosophical Debates at Paris in the Early Fourteenth Century, 127–49. BRILL, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/ej.9789004175662.i-526.20.
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« Cutthroat Trout : Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy ». Dans Cutthroat Trout : Evolutionary Biology and Taxonomy, sous la direction de Luke Schultz, Neil F. Thompson, C. Nathan Cathcart et Thomas H. Williams. American Fisheries Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874509.ch14.
Texte intégralRésumé :
<em>Abstract</em>.—The broad distribution and regional variation of Cutthroat Trout <em>Oncorhynchus clarkii </em>across western North America has led to considerable interest in the different forms from both scientific and recreational perspectives. This volume represents an attempt to describe this observed diversity with the most current information available and suggests a revised taxonomy for Cutthroat Trout. However, what is proposed in this volume will be subject to change or refinement as new techniques and analytical tools become available. In particular, remaining uncertainty would benefit from a comparison of all described lineages with a common set of morphological and genetic markers. A range-wide collection of voucher specimens will help to document variation in these characteristics, and we encourage field biologists to prioritize these collections. Future revisions will benefit from agreement on a species concept and explicitly state the assumptions of the chosen species concept. We encourage collaboration between managers and taxonomists to accurately delineate units of conservation that can be used by decision makers tasked with ensuring the long-term persistence of Cutthroat Trout lineages. The proposed taxonomic revisions herein validate many of the ongoing management strategies to conserve Cutthroat Trout, but we advise additional consideration of life-history diversity as an attainable management target. For long-term persistence of all Cutthroat Trout, maintaining and expanding the availability of high quality, well-connected stream and lake habitats will be a necessary first step to achieving desired conservation outcomes. Moreover, restoring and protecting ecological processes are key to conserving the diversity found within and among lineages of Cutthroat Trout. In systems where native Cutthroat Trout have been extirpated or suppressed, captive propagation and translocation are two potentially available tools to re-establish or reinvigorate populations. Last, we encourage fisheries managers and taxonomists to embrace the challenges that come with conserving locally unique forms of wide-ranging species like Cutthroat Trout.
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« Advances in Understanding Landscape Influences on Freshwater Habitats and Biological Assemblages ». Dans Advances in Understanding Landscape Influences on Freshwater Habitats and Biological Assemblages, sous la direction de Jefferson T. Deweber, Logan Sleezer et Emmanuel A. Frimpong. American Fisheries Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874561.ch16.
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<i>Abstract.</i>—Surrounding land use and cover can have profound effects on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of stream ecosystems. For this reason, changes in land use and cover throughout catchments often have strong effects on stream ecosystems that are particularly interesting to researchers. Additionally, natural physical and climatic, or physiographic, characteristics are important for determining natural land cover and constraining human land use and are also strongly related to stream habitat and biota. Because the physiographic template differs among catchments and is an important mediator of catchment processes, it is important to account for natural physiographic differences among catchments to understand the relationship between land use/cover and stream biota. In this paper, we develop and assess the usefulness of a regional framework, land use/cover distinguished physiographic regions (LDPRs), which is designed for understanding relationships between land use/cover and stream biota while accounting for the physiographic template. We classified hydrologic units into LDPRs based on physiographic predictors of land use and cover for the eastern and western United States through the use of multivariate regression tree analysis. Next, we used case study data to assess the usefulness of LDPRs by determining if the relationships between fish assemblage function and land use/cover varied among classes using hierarchical logistic regression models. Eight physiographic characteristics determined land cover patterns for both the eastern and western United States and were used to classify hydrologic units into LDPR classes. Five commonly used biotic metrics describing trophic, reproductive, and taxonomic groupings of fish species responded in varying ways to agriculture and urban land use across LDPRs in the upper Mississippi River basin. Our findings suggest that physiographic differences among hydrologic units result in different pathways by which land use and cover affects stream fish assemblages and that LDPRs are useful for stratifying hydrologic units to investigate those different processes. Unlike other commonly used regional frameworks, the rationale and methods used to develop LDPRs properly account for the often-confounded relationship between physiography and land use/cover when relating land cover to stream biota. Therefore, we recommend the use and refinement of LDPRs or similarly developed regional frameworks so that the varying processes by which human land use results in stream degradation can be better understood.
Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Taxonomy refinement"
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« IMPRECISE EMPIRICAL ONTOLOGY REFINEMENT - Application to Taxonomy Acquisition ». Dans 9th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002391800310038.
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Fatima, Iram, Sharifullah Khan et Khalid Latif. « Refinement Methodology for Automatic Document Alignment Using Taxonomy in Digital Libraries ». Dans 2009 IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsc.2009.45.
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Aly, Rami, Shantanu Acharya, Alexander Ossa, Arne Köhn, Chris Biemann et Alexander Panchenko. « Every Child Should Have Parents : A Taxonomy Refinement Algorithm Based on Hyperbolic Term Embeddings ». Dans Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Stroudsburg, PA, USA : Association for Computational Linguistics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/p19-1474.
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Xiao, Renbin, Ji Zhou, Jun Yu et Jianzhong Cha. « A New Approach to Intelligent Design ». Dans ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences collocated with the ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1995-0014.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract This paper analyses the cognitive aspect of intelligent design and points out that the nested structure of a human being’s cognition on a complex design object, which is generated by thinking iteration while design thinking being in the chaotic state is the fundamental mechanism of intelligent design. A taxonomy of design problems is given based upon fractal theory and a complex design problem is considered as a fractal in our approach. Some new concepts such as granularity, refinement and coarsening are defined. Based upon the concepts of a cluster of problems and designs, the nested design, a new model for intelligent design, is proposed as continuity of the above work. The main steps of the nested design are listed and an illustrated example is given to demonstrate its implementation. The characteristics of the nested design show that it is the design methodology oriented to complex design problems.
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Cao, Dongxing, Ming Wang Fu, Yongmao Gu et Haipeng Jia. « Port-Based Ontology Modeling for Product Conceptual Design ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49726.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ontology has been known as an important means to represent design knowledge in product development, however, most ontology creation has not yet been systematically carried out. Port, as the location of intended interaction between a component and its enviornment, plays an important role in product conceptual design. It constitutes the interface of a component and defines its boundary. This paper introduces an approach, it is convenient to abstractly represent the intended exchange of signals, energy and/or material, and creat and manage port-based domain ontology, to port-based ontology modeling (PBOM) for product conceptual design. In this paper, port concept and port functional description through using natural language are first presented and their semantic synthesis is used to describe port ontology. Secondly, an ontology repository which contains the assorted primitive concepts and primitive knowledge to map the component connections and interactions is built. Meanwhile a model of port-based multi-views which contains functional view, behavior view and configuration view is articulated, and the attributes and taxonomy of ports in a hierarchy are presented. Next, a port-based ontology language (PBOL) is described to represent the process of port ontology refinement, and a port-based FBS modeling framework is constructed to describe system configuration. Furthermore, a formal knowledge framework to manage comprehensive knowledge is proposed, which could help designers create, edit, organize, represent and visualize product knowledge. Finally, a revised tape case is employed to validate the efficiency of the port ontology for product conceptual design and illustrate its application.