Thèses sur le sujet « Tardive Antiquity »
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Mahieu, Vincent. « Temps, espace et identités : recherches sur les coexistences religieuses dans la Rome tardo-antique (312-410) ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP029.
Texte intégralThe fourth century AD is admittedly a major turning point in the history of Western Europe. The evolution of Christianity from the status of a marginal culture within a religious group to that of a cultural and normative pole within society constitutes an important transition specific to Late Antiquity. This transition from margin to norm started from the social frameworks of time and space, acting as strong identity markers. The great amount of evidence from the "Vrbs", its position as historical capital, as its recognized status as important city for the development of Christianity, make it a specific research framework. This study, which focuses on the sharing of time and space between the victory of the Milvius Bridge (312) and the sack of Alaric (410), reconstructs the organization of the times in the city and explores the mechanisms behind the development of the calendar structure of the Church within this urban space (part 1). On the basis of a catalogue that brings up to date the "LTVR(S)", this study rebuilds the polytheistic topography and scrutinizes the material inscription of the Christian cult on the Roman territory (part 2). On the basis of these cross-sectional analyses and case studies (part 3), it also attempts at understanding the modes of religious co-existence and interaction within a society. The results point towards a sense of continuity rather than breaking. This dissertation reveals a model that favours integration and conformation strategies to the Roman dynamics in the sharing of time and space. It argues in favour of a religious cohabitation mostly peaceful led by a common identity investment focused on the "Romanitas"
Piraud-Fournet, Pauline. « Le « Palais de Trajan » dans le paysage de Bosra au VIe siècle apr. J.-C ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA040151.
Texte intégralThe disciplines of comparative architecture and archaeology are combined in this study of the “Trajan’s Palace”, vast urban residence from the Late Antique Period in Bosra, southern Syria. The surveys detail the variety of the construction processes, the excavations highlight the luxuriousness of the private thermal baths, while the small finds not only provide positive dates for the various construction phases, but also evidence of decorative features no longer extant, together with the personality and lifestyle of the occupants. A comparison of the architecture with that of other edifices from the basalt region and other major cities throughout the Roman Empire supports an interpretation of the remains and, with the assistance of a digital model, the reconstruction, at least hypothetically, of the missing sections. The size and refinement of constructions, the presence of a triconchos and private bath, together with restored domes, endorse the identification of the building as an official residence. An inventory of other monuments in use or constructed at that time, public buildings, urban elements, and sanctuaries, and an analysis of its position in the city help to specify the rank of this palace and to identify its occupants. Finally, itsproximity to the largest church in Bosra, rather than a comparison with other known contemporary episcopal complexes, possibly assigning it to the Church’s heritage, sustains the hypothesis that it was the official palace of the metropolitan see. This review of the Bosra landscape highlights the diversity of the monuments and the variety of sources available to study them, while opening prospects for future investigation and study
Blanc, Nicolas. « Anthropologie et Providence dans l'Antiquité tardive : christianisme et philosophie chez Némésius d'Émèse ». Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE5087.
Texte intégralThe De natura hominis of Nemesius Emesa has principally been studied for its sources (Galen, Porphyry, Philopator) and its anthropology. However, it is one of the most important contributions of ancient Christian thought on the question of destiny, self-determination and Providence, inspiring Maximus the Confessor, John Damascene and Thomas Aquinas. Our study aims to identify Nemesius’ position and originality in patristic thought, and among the debates of ancient philosophy on these major issues. The first part presents a contextualization of the work and status questionis on the date it was written, its plan, its nature and recipients, in order to identify its unity and apologetical coherence. The second part proposes, through the translation and the Commentary of Chapters 1 and 3, to show the internal logic of the work, emphasizing the elements that introduce and prepare the treatment of Providence (the place of man in the universe, the union of soul and body, its origins and eschatology). The third and final part offers a translation and a Commentary of chapters 35 to 43, specifically devoted to fate, self-determination and Providence. From this analysis, there emerges the profile of an apologetic work that is distinguished by the quality of its philosophical approach, the transcription of the Christian idea of divine Providence through technically developed notions, and an interesting development on the permission of evil and its meaning in the divine plan
Favennec, Benoît. « Les ateliers de potiers durant l’Antiquité tardive dans les Gaules (IVe - VIe s. ap. J.-C.) ». Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30010/document.
Texte intégralFrom the XX century, archaeologists and historians have been interested by the setting of archaeological sites, the structures and the people who specialised in the production of ceramics and tiles in Gaul. There are diverse sources : ancient texts, epigraphy, iconography as well as excavations reports, and the study of ceramics objects.Data for the IV to the VI centuries has been collated and studied during the realization of this thesis over five and a half years. A database was created to define the workshops and known productions areas, as well as those which are less well known or less well dated but which were at least partly active during the period studied. The database is composed of around 2055 records.The availability of clay and wood and the proximity of a navigable water course or a network of roads are clearly decisive factors in the setting of each workshop. However there are a number of other important factors: An active network of merchants, a positive economic and political context and sometimes regional or local legislation.The traditional artisanal structures and technics used remain unchanged between the IV-VI centuries. Overall, the evolution of the economy and the consumption of ceramics leads to a reduction in the size of these structures. Also the use of certain structures becomes more frequent. The kilns and supports for the soles, and ancillary structures, which are infrequently recorded and poorly understood, are discussed in this thesis. Certain technics and styles of fabrication and decoration become increasingly common.The density and frequency of the workshops underlines their economic and political importance and the evolution of the regions over the three centuries studied. The growth or decline of the ceramic production in some areas coincides with shifts in the centres of economic and political power in Gaul
De, Togni Stefano. « Les suburbia d'Ostie antique. Nouvelles recherches sur l'évolution urbain de la ville de la fin de la période Républicaine jusqu’à l'Antiquité tardive ». Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCH012.
Texte intégralIn this thesis the study of the suburbs of Ostia (Rome, Italy) took place at different levels of study, from the macro scale of the entire neighborhoods to the micro scale of the single stratigraphic trench. The archaeological evidence of the porta Marina area and of the “Trastevere Ostiense” have been analyzed and filed as Topographical Units and recorded in a GIS. For each structure data were collected either through the consultation of archives, through field surveys, aerial photography, direct examinations and excavation essays. 148 artifacts from the old excavations were recorded and inserted in a data base created ad hoc. Where possible, spatial data was associated with the objects, with the positioning in the place of discovery within the GIS. The survey of the archaeological evidences of the “Trastevere Ostiense” allowed to recognize a densely built territory, with a chronology that goes from first to at least the fifth century AD. Among the types of buildings identified, the “horreum” seems to be the prevailing. The precise positioning of some excavation trenches of 1957 at the loop of the Tiber has allowed to identify a flood zone of second-third century AD reclaimed and built. At the same time, on the other side, the Via Ostiense was rebuilt further south due to erosion.The overall study of the urbanistic evolution of the suburban area of porta Marina has allowed to identify 13 main phases of life, from the first century BC until the 6th century AD, in addition to two phases of spoliation and a phase of sea erosion of the Middle Age. Among the main novelties there is the discovery of a notable construction activity dating back to the Julio-Claudian age to the Flavia age, previously almost unknown, which can be partially connected to funerary buildings. It is very probable, in the light of the new data, that there was a necropolis outside porta Marina, which was completely dismantled during the Hadrianic urban renovation and the thermal development of the maritime district. The large-scale analytical approach, also thanks to the chronological extremes derived from the excavations carried out with the Ostia Marina Project, has led to a completely renewed vision of the city's maritime sector. The presumed preservation of late Republican funerary monuments in the imperial era turned out to be a not entirely exact theory, the result of the distorted vision created with the E-42 restorations and demolitions. The stratigraphic analysis shows a partial obliteration of the funerary monuments already occurred by the end of the first century. A.D. due to the raising of the walking surfaces. The research on buildings built close to and above the Late-Republic walls made it possible to highlight that they quickly lost the defensive functions, but continued to be respected until the beginning of the second century AD. Subsequently, the eastern part functioned as an aqueduct, while the western part was demolished to build new buildings. An arch was built in place of the porta Marina door, to set the limit between town and suburb. Starting from some aerial photos, the plan of a large building, located in the eastern unexcavated portion of the porta Marina suburban area, was completed. The particular form of the complex allows to hypothesize a link to the “foro ad mare” built by Aureliano, mentioned in the Historia Augusta. The study of the late-antique phases revealed a remarkable vitality of the district throughout the IV until the beginning of the fifth century AD, while during the first half of the 5th century AD strong signs of abandonment appear. The probable effects of the earthquake of 443 AD were found, starting from the traces of collapse found in at least four buildings. Another important acquisition concerns the relationship between the city and the sea and changes in the coastline over the centuries
Pelat, Mathieu. « De la novempopulanie à la wasconie entre antiquité tardive et haut moyen-âge ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PAUU1123.
Texte intégralThe aim of this thesis is to study the transformations of southern Aquitania from Roman Novempopulana to Frankish Wasconia, between the 4th and 6th centuries. We seek to critically analyze the textual sources and certain previous historiographical constructions, sometimes a little hasty. In the 4th century, this territory was a peripheral province undergoing changes at every level. As elsewhere, it does not appear that ethnicity played a major role in its administrative reorganization, despite the possible late maintenance of a federal concilium. The Aquitano-Roman elite has played a structuring role, particularly in the countryside, where the embellishment of wealthy villae seems to indicate a reorganization in favour of the powerful. Perhaps, the same restructuring applies to towns, which were often reorganized voluntarily, with some fine urban domus (Lescar, Oloron). Moreover, southern Aquitania's defence seems to have been based on the towns' fortifications. As for the society's christianisation, it seems to have been relatively late. Even though it was not until the beginning of the 5th century that polytheism had quite begun to fade, the success of vigilantism and priscillianism has demonstrated the theological dynamism of christianity. While the arrival of the barbarians in 406-407 was probably not the apocalypse described by the clerics, it has led undoubtedly to higher levels of insecurity. The imposition of a new barbarian power (413/418-507) has also led to upheavals, despite elements of continuity. From 413, it seems that some members of the Aquitanian aristocracy, such as Paulinus of Pella, had sided with the Goths. In 418 or 419, Novempopulana was probably occupied, without validating the idea of a ‘Visigoth homeland'. In Novempopulana, as in the rest of the sors Gothica, while the romanization of the rulers was undeniable, the Visigoth people probably retained certain ethnic characteristics. For all that, Novempopulana must have been an in-between period during which, new and old elites had coexisted. A major part of the latter was undoubtedly impoverished. The staging of social domination also tended to change, abandoning elements of the prestige and comfort of the old villae from the 450's onwards, while investing in funerary epigraphy, perhaps in a context where the old social hierarchies had been blurred. From 418, it is possible that the Visigoth kings generally took over the imperial structures in their service, but the territorialization of their power was probably gradual. Despite Gregory of Tours, the Frankish victory of 507 seems to have been due more to external military and diplomatic factors than to internal opposition.Under the Merovingians, the level of Frankish control over southern Aquitania is difficult to assess. There are still few clues. Neither participation in Merovingian councils nor monetary issues allow us to settle whether control was tight or looser. However, it seems that this territory was politically fragmented. Despite the abandonment of many of the villae, a certain "continuity of occupation" remains apparent on some sites. Maybe, "valley communities" were beginning to emerge in the mountains. In 585-587, it is in Gregory of Tours's works that we discover signs of the empowerment of local elites in connection with former Frankish dukes and Visigoth Spain. Indeed, the toponym Wasconia was used to designate southern Aquitaine since the loss of Bladaste's army in 581 and Gundovald's retreat in 585; which gave rise to the first Franco-Aquitanian revolt. As for the Wascon raid of 587, we believe that it was another revolt lead by local elites, linked to senior Frankish officials as well as Queen Fredegund and the Visigoth King Leovigild
Debouchaud, Florie. « Vénus dans l’Antiquité tardive : textes et images ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100150.
Texte intégralIn this doctoral research, we are going to study the circumstances and stakes of Venus-Aphrodite’s presence in literature, art, artefacts and house’s decoration at the end of Antiquity, and the meaning of this presence in a more Christian world. After a reminder of how goddess’ status has evolved since its origins, and an observation of her situation at the end of Antiquity, the thesis will study the marine Venus theme, and Venus-Aphrodite’s part in late houses’s decoration. The thesis will show that despite Christianisation, the goddess is often evocated. She keeps her traditional attributions and even earns a new marine connotation. She is still appreciated by the elites, even the Christian ones, which can, through her figure display their classical culture and their belonging to Romanitas
Reich, Franziska. « Cadeaux et communication dans les correspondances latines d'Occident (IVe - VIe siècles) ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAG013.
Texte intégralLetters from the 4th to the 6th century A.C. show a significant number of gift-giving situations. These have never been systematically analyzed in late antique history. Interpersonal gifts might be interpretated as acts of communication, not only as objects passed over from hand to hand. In order to determine the interaction between the giver and the addressee, their choices of media and the desire of tansmitting messages throught objects, a differenciated analysis is important. With the help of well-established tools from communication studies, the work at hand presents an alternative method for approching gift-giving in Late Antiquity
Belleli, Amélie. « Les figures féminines du pouvoir dans l'Empire romain, de la fin du IVe au milieu du VIe siècle : l'impératrice, l'aristocrate, la sainte et la « Mère de Dieu » dans les textes et l’iconographie ». Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0086.
Texte intégralDuring a period considered with inaccuracy as « transitional », between Antiquity and the Middle Ages,we observe the appearance of an increasing number of feminine figures in the highest power spheres, inthe Roman Empire. Empresses, aristocrats, saints, – all three at the same time –, these women possessinstitutional political powers, important patrimonial belongings and great wealth. All these elementsgive them a true independance. Generally reflecting a certain level of education and culture, thesewomen can play a part in the construction of buildings or the funding of the christian architecturallegacy.With the accesssion of the theodosian dynasty during the IVth century, then the Vth, a change is initiated.Women install themselves permanently on the stage where power is decided. In the case of the imperialsphere, empresses are mentionned more often alongside their spouses, bringing forth a new reality : theimperial couple and a bicephalous power.The main hypothesis consists in demonstrating that, from a historical point of view, Late Antiquity is aperiod of true evolution in a civilisation traditionally structured mentally by an obsession for manlinessand institutionally by a masculine political power. This era could be caracterise by the birth of thepolitical woman, to the point where certain authors of antiquity tend to define feminity in power as anew form of masculinity. Far from agreeing with them, this thesis will consist in asking ourselves if afeminine power can exist without being considered as a masculinization
Polosa, Marilena. « Le origini del Cristianesimo nel regno di Aksum. Legami e rapporti tra Corno d’Africa e Arabia meridionale tra IV e VIII secolo ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL120.
Texte intégralThe research, developed within the framework of the doctorate conducted in cotutorship between Sorbonne Université in Paris and the Pontifical Institute of Christian Archaeology in Rome, focused on the origin of Christianity on the two shores of the southern Red Sea between the 4th and 8th centuries. If the historical and literary sources present an early evangelisation of these regions, dated to the second half of the 4th century, the archaeological and material data show that the new religion did not begin to leave transgressible traces of its presence until the 6th century. Starting from the re-examination of all the published material supplemented with new data from the recent excavations conducted by the Italian-Pontifical mission engaged, between 2017 and 2020, in the Eritrean site of Adulis, it has been possible to reconstruct a new picture of the Christianisation of these areas peripheral to the Mediterranean world that has highlighted how the southern Red Sea regions represent a true crossroads of cultures, societies, ideas and beliefs that are clearly visible both in the coexistence of the three great monotheistic religions (Judaism, Christianity and Islam) and in the stylistic mix that animates the architectural, iconographic and decorative material evidence present in Christian cult buildings. In fact, the latter represent a perfect synthesis of the architectural models of reference of the Mediterranean basin, in particular the Syrian-Palestinian area, Egypt and North Africa, which reach these regions thanks to the extensive communication network of land and sea routes that place this area at the centre of the intricate system of connections between East and West
Fauchon, Claire. « De la xenia païenne à l'aksenia monastique : définition, représentations et pratiques de l'hospitalité dans les communautés grecques et syriaques de grande syrie (IVe - VIe siècles) ». Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30078.
Texte intégralThis doctoral thesis deals with xenia in Great Syria from Constantine’s reign to Justinian’s. The comparison between the Greek and the Syriac uses of the notion of hospitality brings to light important semantic modifications that reflect irreducible differences between the Pagan and Christian conceptions of hospitality. This notion gets Christianized in the course of the 4th and 5th centuries, to the point of becoming a theological topic, privilege of monastic milieux, particularly Syriac ones. But how far does the Christianization of mentalities necessarily imply a deep modification in cultural and social practices of reception and a complete change in the material structures in which reception activities take place? The study of hospitality structures and facilities reveals the durability of the localization of reception structures at the level of the Syrian territory throughout late Antiquity, even if, at the level of the structures themselves, the diversity of the solutions adopted seems to testify to a real attachment to regional traditions. Finally, the examination of the protagonists of hospitality shows that monks are far from being the only actors of hospitality in Great Syria. Besides, there is a contradiction between the standard universalist discourse of Christian welcoming and reality, as we can decipher it. The links between hospitality and dissidence have to be considered. New criteria of selection of hosts and guests appear in Late Antiquity. Heresy re-introduces the idea of specific criteria into use, which causes the “deconstruction” of the social pattern and new political stakes, which seem to influence the birth of the Non-Chalcedonian Church
Emion, Maxime. « Des soldats de l'armée romaine tardive : les protectores (IIIe-VIe siècles ap. J.-C.) ». Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR103/document.
Texte intégralThe protectores diuini lateris Augusti, high-ranking soldiers attested in the Roman army from the 3rd c. to the 6th c. AD, have been alternately defined by historians as imperial bodyguards, staff officers, or centurions under a new name. This study, based on a prosopography, aims to resolve the contradictions raised by these interpretations, from a military and social point of view. The evolutions of these soldiers’ recruitment, careers and functions, reflect deep changes in the command structure of the Late Roman army. The analysis also sheds light on the social and cultural background of these privileged soldiers, who were familiar with both the battlefield and the imperial court. By focusing on their privileged relationship with the emperor, who was at the same time general in chief and responsible for the social and symbolic order of the Late Antique world, we can finally understand how the protectores were part, in the eyes of the Romans, of an earthly order of dignities reflecting the celestial hierarchy
Amory, Yasmine. « Communiquer par écrit dans l'Égypte de l'Antiquité tardive : les lettres grecques des archives de Dioscore d'Aphrodité (Égypte, VIe s. apr. J.-C.) ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEP052.
Texte intégralThe dissertation concerns the edition and the study of the Greek letters belonging to the archive of Dioscorus of Aphrodite (Egypt, VI CE), the largest papyrological ensemble of the Byzantine age. Eighty-five documents are analyzed and highlighted by virtue of a new edition - or, when it comes to unpublished texts, of a first edition - followed by a translation and a commentary. Moreover, the study of the corpus, which is scattered across different collections around the world as a consequence of the clandestine discovery of the archive, allowed to join some unpublished fragments to some already known texts and to reconstruct, in this way, a more complete text. The contribution of this documentation is not only philological, but also cultural and historical: by comparing the official correspondence written in Greek with the private correspondence from the same archive, which was preferably written in Coptic, it helps to illuminate the multilingual background; it unfolds the modalities of epistolary exchanges and the written practices of the administration; it reveals the issues encountered by an Upper Egypt village in its daily life; finally, it contributes to the knowledge of the administrative institutions, as well as to the comprehension of the relations between central and local authorities a century before the Arab-Muslim conquest of Egypt
Chassillan, Emilie. « Les formes du jardin dans la maison en Gaule romaine entre le Haut-Empire et l’Antiquité tardive : architecture et décor ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040119.
Texte intégralOur thesis relates the evolution of the architecture of the garden and its decoration between Early Empire and Late Antiquity, in Roman Gaul houses, in particular, in high social class residences. It enables easier comparisons in between northern and southern Gaul. The elaboration of a corpus allowed us to list and analyze the forms of the garden. At first, the maps (colorized to visualize the garden among the pleasure and circulation spaces, and to facilitate the comparisons) enable us to notice that certain elements of the italic garden are reused. However, the elaboration of a typology indicates that this imported architecture is quickly adapted. Roman Gaul is breaking new ground with new architectural forms and creations. The 3rd century crisis shows an important break in the spreading of that form of residential habitat. It is still difficult to say if the garden is a space that is being abandoned because of its pagan values, in a new Christian spirituality. Secondly, studying the chronological apparition of basins let us understand the evolution of the forms and modes in each province and how they spread. Thanks to our typo-chronology, we noticed that some forms are more used with local modes. We tried to give a faithful idea of the world and sensibility of the garden in Gallo-Roman urban residences through the iconographical choices of its owners. Despite the sporadic documentation, remnants, while incomplete, enable us to recreate the staging of those Gallo-Roman gardens
Billoin, David. « L'habitat perché et le peuplement entre Antiquité tardive et haut Moyen Âge dans le massif jurassien ». Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020MON30016.
Texte intégralHillfort and population between late antiquity and high Middle Ages in the massif of the Jura mountains Thirty years of archaeology considerably enriched knowledge of late antiquity and of high Middle Ages in the field of the habitat. But all facets of occupation are not studied yet. So, Hillforts are rediscovered after the neglect into which had plunged them a factual and pessimistic historiographic reading, showy in these sites of simple punctual shelters where would have taken refuge a frightened population by «barbaric invasions». However identified by researches pioneers of the local erudite persons since the end of the XVIIIth century, this oppida, castra and castella signalled notably in the texts of Gregory de Tour, are fast abandoned and consider then as devoid of interest. Several authors however had drawn attention to this form of occupation, as Gabriel Fournier (1962) in Auvergne and Paul-Albert Février (1978) in the South of France, but these Hillforts stayed outside all big syntheses on the habitat. Except some punctual searches, it is necessary to wait for 2000s to see being born of research plans on these full themes, the one in Mediterranean (Schneider 2001), other one in Swore it (Billoin, Gandel on 2013). These Hillforts appear since then much more many than he was imagined, revealing a general phenomenon not stationed in a southern tradition. The perchement of the habitat expresses itself with force in the variety of occupations, going of modest military posts, in various fortifications linked to the defence of network viaire, where still true stuck agglomerations endowed with built surrounding wall, with church and/or with élitaires buildings of type. The transience or the stability of some of them until Carolingian period and their importance in the woof of the population constitute so many advances and innovative problems put down by these stuck establishments which return obsolete the traditional interpretative diagramme of epiphenomenon linked to insecurity. The objective of this job is to analyse the founding elements and the modalities of establishment of these Hillforts replaced in the woof of the population between late antiquity and high Middle Ages in the massif of Jura. Between France and Switzerland, this geographical frame is large enough to receive an abundant and present material double interest to be a sector of the Gaul of the centre is still badly known, of transition between a Mediterranean socioeconomic model and a northern model, between Roman and barbaric influence
Granier, Gaëlle. « Approche archéo-anthropologique des ensembles funéraires de l'antiquité tardive. : l'exemple des sites urbains de Vienne et Arles (IIIème - VIème siècles) ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX20655.
Texte intégralLong thought of as a time of social upheaval, Late Antiquity seems rather to have been a period of wide-ranging social change encompassing a mixture of influences that pose many problems for study of the period. These multiple influences affect funeral treatments of the period and studying them requires consideration of multiple lines of evidence: historical, archaeological, anthropological, and biological. We chose this multidisciplinary approach in the study of urban and peri-urban burial sites of the antic cities of Vienne and Arles from the 3rd century to the 6th century A.D.Our study protocol allows us to observe the biological characteristics of samples simultaneously to taphonomic data, spatial organization within and between sites, but also topography data or historical archives. This innovative approach, implementing original methodological tools, is relevant. It highlighted the changes in the management and the representation of the dead and Death in Late Antiquity. The burial sites show very different profiles depending on the time period and we can see specificities in the necropolis of the 4th century,” intermediate” structures where many practices of the High Empire are still used, before the establishment of new Christian structures in different places of the city, which have moved again the necropolises locations
Causevic, Morana. « Le nord de l'Adriatique entre l'Antiquité et l'Antiquité tardive : urbanisation, dynamique de peuplement et construction territoriale d'un espace insulaire et côtier entre le Ier et le VIe siècle : le Kvarner et ses marges (la Liburnie septentrionale) ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0007.
Texte intégralPutelat, Olivier. « Les relations homme-animal dans le monde des vivants et des morts : études archéozoologique des établissements et des regroupements funéraires ruraux de l'Arc jurassien et de la Plaine d'Alsace : de la fin de l'Antiquité tardive au premier Moyen Age ». Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010600/document.
Texte intégralThis archaeozoological study focuses on human-animal relations, from late antiquity (mid 3rd c.), until the end of the early Middle Ages (11th c.).It concentrates on the Jura Mountains and the plain of Alsace. These two neighboring geographic regions were communication corridors and riverine zones (Doubs, Saône, Rhône, Rhine), which belonged to different kingdoms and were inhabited by culturally distinct populations. Three inputs are used to analyze the osteological data: rural domestic contexts, rural funerary contexts, and mortality of cattle.-The first chapter presents the issue at hand, the physical, chronological and methodological data of the interregional research program (eastern France, western Switzerland, southern Germany). Chapter 2 considers 64 settlement sites and distinguishes them geographically, environmentally and socially. Approximately 146.000 bone remains for 87 taxa are assessed. Elements of synthesis are presented, regarding in particular evidence for food, livestock and hunting.- Chapter 3 considers 30 cemeteries containing animal bones. Symbolic objects, animal skeletons and grave goods are discussed and the findings are compared with other known sites within Gaul and the Germanic sphere. Chapter 4 is based on the study of cattle skeletons discovered at three different but closely situated sites. Whether these bovine graves evidence infectious disease mortality events is discussed. These burials are compared with similar cases from early medieval France and also discussed in relation to the written evidence for animal mortality events in the Middle Ages. Chapter 5 presents a general synthesis of the results of the thesis, in regards to contexts and animal categories. Appendices and lists of additional data follow
Thomalla, Marc. « L'anthropologie d'Ausone : étude de la relation au monde d'un lettré de l'Antiquité tardive ». Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3001.
Texte intégralDecimius Magnus Ausonius was one of the most remarkable erudites of the fourth century. Famous for his poetry, he was also a prominent politician as a consul.Examination of the influence of the Greco-Latin cultural heritage highlights its attachment to traditional values. This attachment is also visible in his social and friendly relationships. His remarkable ability to adapt led him to the height of power. His attachment to traditional cultural heritage also influenced his philosophical and religious conceptions. Thus, his relationship with Paulin de Nole shows that he is not a Christian.Strong female family influences structured his personality. Thus, his approach to femininity, love for his wife, and the relationship with Bissula show a poet close to Ovid. He appears, thus, as a precursor of courtly loveHis relationship to body, sex, old age and death is specific. It is the same in his relation to nature and the native land where a Celtic influence is notableHis origins and his social and personal background distinguish him from his Latin contemporaries. Roman by its culture, Celtic by its origins, Ausone appears as a typical representative of a hybrid Gallo-Roman culture
Delbey, Thomas. « Caractérisation, production et diffusion des imitations de sigillée d'Argonne dans le Diocèse des Gaules durant l'Antiquité tardive ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100033.
Texte intégralFrom the second half of the 4th century, the East Gaulish red-slipped ware of Argonne, an area located between Châlons-en-Champagne and Verdun, are widely diffused in the Diocese of Gaul and in the west of Europe. This kind of ceramic, characterized by a stringcrouse decoration printed using a roller, has long been considered as only produced in the Argonne’s workshops. However, the studies of these last decades has made it possible to came up with a new theory that suggest the existence of several local productions imitating the forms and the decorations of these sigillata. Using differents methods of archaeometric analysis (chemical analyses by x-ray fluorescence, petrographic observations, mineralogical analyses by x-ray diffraction), the existence of several groups of production is validated. The adequacy between the statistical clustering of the geochemical data and the archaeological assumptions mainly based on the identification of the roller-stamped decorations confirms the relevance of the partitioning obtained. These results reflect the diversity of the clays used for the manufacturing of these red-slipped ware outside of the Argonne area (calcareous clay, non calcareous clay, kaolinitic clay) and the craftsmen’s capacities to adapt to the geological ressources available. The petrographic and mineralogical observations also attest the use of sigillata kilns and updraft kilns by the potters (sometimes both in the same workshop). This characterization highlight a phenomenon of workshops’s swarming, generally of modest size, which produce and distribute these roller-stamped red-slipped ware on short distances
Rukavina, Iva. « L'urbanisme médiéval de la ville d'origine antique de Zadar en Dalmatie ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100114.
Texte intégralThis dissertation presents an analysis of the urbanism of the city of Zadar in Dalmatia, the development of the city and its urban contents from its beginnings in Antiquity until 1409. The urban analysis is based primarily upon the various surviving monuments and remnants. Relevant historical sources have also been taken into account. The different elements have been classified and presented according to four historical periods: Antiquity, Late Antiquity, Early Middle Ages, High and Late Middle Ages. Within each period, Zadar's buildings are categorised according to four typologies: Fortifications, Public Secular Structures, Private Secular Structures and Sacred Buildings. The remains of the city's infrastructure (sidewalks, drainage channels, etc.) have also been presented. The development of the city of Zadar, through its urban transformation, has been analysed through the outlined periods while keeping the usual periodization of general historic events on the eastern Adriatic coast. The protohistoric period has also been considered. Analysis has also revealed that the regular orthogonal grid of the city was defined in Antiquity, and that despite intensive construction during the medieval period when the city developed its urban physiognomy, nearly all the principle characteristics of the city established during Antiquity have been preserved
Tromba, Enrico. « Nuovi dati sulla sinagoga di Bova Marina nel contesto dell’archeologia ebraica della Calabria tardo antica ». Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EPHE4038.
Texte intégralThe research aims to reconsider and analyze the situation of the archaeological site of San Pasquale of Bova Marina (RC). The site, discovered in 1983, was the subject of archaeological investigations since 1985 and brought to light structures of great importance, among which is a building identified as a Jewish synagogue and dated to the fourth century of our era. Along with the Jewish structure, were brought to light other buildings and two burial areas. Until now, the life of the synagogue had been dated from the fourth to the sixth century of our era and burial areas were put in phase with it. Through this research, carried out on documents and through a series of archaeological excavations, we have shown that the life of the synagogue does not go beyond the middle of the fifth century and the two cemeteries are not connected to it. We also reconstruct more accurately the various phases of Jewish building life and their development. Fundamental point were the three-dimensional reconstructions of the mosaic floor of the classroom and of the hall of the prayer. We also found profound differences with the other synagogue discovered in Italy, at Ostia, while we found important points of contact with the synagogues of the Land of Israel, in particular those of the valley of Beth She'an. The site of S. Pasquale of Bova marina, then, saw a Jewish attendance from the fourth century to the middle of the fifth when the area continued to be used primarily as a burial area and then stop any type of attendance in the seventh century, as other sites places on the Ionian coast of Calabria
Sakamoto, Tsubasa. « Aux marges du royaume. Étude archéologique sur la période de transition postméroïtique ». Thesis, Lille 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL30027.
Texte intégralThis thesis proposes a synthesis of the “End of Meroe”. The challenge, however, is considerable. The genesis of the “royal” mounds of el-Hobagi was the subject of a critical discussion between experts at the 8th Conference of the Meroitic Studies in London. Partice Lenoble had already established, with all of his knowledge in the field, the “postpyramidal” history of Nubia after the end of the royal cemeteries of Meroe. Today, it might be useless for someone to launch a new research in this domain. Nothing has been changed, one says, because we still lack cemeteries comparable to that of al-Hobagi; thus, it is effectively impossible to understand their genesis, to investigate his “postpyramidal” history. The thesis presented here is to answer this question. Consists of seven main chapters, they bring us to the issues confronted by Lenoble and his colleagues. No doubt, the genesis of the “royal” mounds of el-Hobagi, and the chronology of the royal necropolis of Qoustoul and Ballana are at the heart of our confrontation
Mossong, Isabelle. « Der Klerus des spätantiken Italiens im Spiegel der epigraphischen Zeugnisse : eine soziohistorische Studie ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG045.
Texte intégralIn Late Antiquity, the community of clerics is considerably expanding and appears henceforth frequently in inscriptions. This is why it is interesting to work out of this type of sources the social position of the clergy and ask for their distinctiveness within late antique inscriptions. At first, epigraphic evidence of clerics is to be resituated in the broad field of late antique inscriptions, before exposing the diversity of the inscriptions depending on the offices held and resolving the question of the clerics’ (self-) portrayal. The social status of the clergy, an analysis of the inscriptions’ role in the funerary context as well as a study of the domains in which clerics appear as proactive people are the central themes of chapter 3 to 5. In the epigraphical catalogue (vol. II) are presented 847 inscriptions of various types (mainly sepulchral and building inscriptions, poems of praise and graffiti), coming from all over the Italian peninsula
Kitanov, Kitan. « Les matériaux et les techniques de réalisation de la peinture murale des tombeaux de l’antiquité tardive en Thracia et en Dacia (fin IIIe - VIe siècle ap. J.-C) ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA040301.
Texte intégralThe research is presented in two volumes and a DVD record. Volume one represents the text part of the thesis consisting of introduction and 6 chapters with abbreviations, bibliography and indexes. The second volume includes 267 plates and 17 tables.In the introduction has been defined the chronological period of the review spanning through the years of the end of the ІІІd century until the fall of the late antique civilization on the Balkans in the end of the VІth and beginning of the VІІth century AC. A review of the study of the objects in Thracia and Dacia is presented in briefs.In chapter I examined the different analytical methods. The beginning part presents the research of the objects in situ. For the gathering of the information concerning the type of the pigments and adhesives used for realization of the murals, as well as for the differentiation of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the ingredient components of the different ground layers there have been used the following analytical methods: pictographic and mineralogical analyses, granulometry, electronic microprobes, CEM, structural Х-ray analysis, AEA-ICP, IR spectrometry and IR Raman spectrometry. The second chapter contains the examination of the different types of materials as: plasters, pigments and adhesives used for the realization of the tomb murals. The results are classified according to belonging to three basic groups – of natural origin, synthetic and mixed pigments. There has been proved that in the beginning of the period there had been used some most expensive pigments in an almost clear form as cinnabar and egyptian blue. However in time the palette gradually got poorer and by the end of the period it became limited to only dark red pigments (red ochre, rarely accompanied by green pigment (green earth). The results of the type of the adhesives used for the realization of the murals are presented in particulars. The use of non-organic adhesive - calcium hydroxide has been found. In Chapter ІІІ there are reviewed the picturesque technique and system of implementation. There has been defined the main technique a fresco, however the presence of other techniques has been also found. The constatations made in all previous chapters are summarized in Chapter ІV. In a chronological plan there were reviewed the materials and techniques which were in use. The Chapter V in details are presented all available tombs with painting murals, that were a subject of the present research. The murals have been outlined not only in the perspective of the implemented materials and techniques of realization, but also from the position of the analysis of the ornamental motives and iconographic system. The Chapter VI presents the main conclusion of the thesis. The direct influence of the art of Asia Minor is given in summarized form, as well as the indirect one – through the art of the land of Italy, for example. The rich repertoire of subjects is accompanied by a wealth of creative interpretations and technical solutions. The wall painting became a priority of the Church architecture at the end of Late Antiquity, which has also been proven by archaeological surveys. The palette of colours and technique of application used in tomb art found new implementation in depicting images of the already regulated Christian art in church architecture. The abbreviations contain periodical press publications and public institutions. There has been attached a list with the names of the archeological objects as known in ancient and contemporary time. The bibliography contains: the ancient authors, basic sources of information, specialized researches and publications on roman and late antique painting, publications on particular cultural monuments, as well as expert publications focused on specific problems of the materials and technology research
Martz, Philippe. « Saint Ambroise de Milan, De Noe : présentation, traduction, annotation ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040227.
Texte intégralThe treatise entitled Noe, written by Ambrose of Milan, represents his thought and his activity in 378. Firstly, it summarises the studies and work he completed throughout the four liturgical cycles he had known since the beginning of his episcopacy in 374. While following the thread of the story of The Genesis, the Milanese exegete draws the portrait of The Just Man to the faithful eager to live their daily Christian commitment, in times of lent, and enrich their knowledge of the biblical text and spirituality.We have used the Latin text of the Italian edition SAEMO dating back to 1984, in order to translate it. We have added notes, showing the link with Ambrose's other works and his reading of Philon of Alexandria, as well as a commentary as an introduction. We are describing the method of the Milanese pastor's exegesis through their literary and rhetorical angles, so as to enter then the liturgical life which gives its meaning to the treatise, before evoking the aspects of Ambrose's theology
Pasco, Loïc. « L’évolution des cérémonies publiques impériales dans le monde romain tardif ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100003/document.
Texte intégralThis thesis focuses on the evolution of imperial public ceremonies in the late Roman world, a theme that seemed fundamental to the understanding of the political institutions of the Roman Empire of the fourth to seventh centuries. These developments are without doubt among the most important changes that have taken the world of Late Roman Antiquity, as they reach the supreme power and aura within society. The main objective of the ceremonies is to exalt the emperor, to manifest his triumphal rulership and his sacrality - even his holiness after the adoption of christianism - and to magnify and celebrate the divine power he held. Our purpose is to show how we shift from an emperor, princeps senatus, which seeks to maintain a republican fiction to hide the monarchical nature of his power, and is the epitome of Roman history ; to an emperor who is elected by God. Three axes have guided our research: The centrality of the role of the emperor in the evolution of public ceremonies. The importance of the integration of the emperor in the ceremonial system of the Church and the integration of the clergy and especially the bishop in the ceremonial system of the empire. The importance of the barbars on the ceremonial phenomenon. In Late antiquity we can clearly seen influences and mutual acculturation in the ceremonies, but also forms of rejection of these paradigmatic changes of the cultural evolutions of the period
Morleghem, Daniel. « Production et diffusion des sarcophages de pierre de l'Antiquité tardive et du haut Moyen Age dans le Sud du Bassin parisien ». Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2017.
Texte intégralThe sarcophagi production is, between the end of the fifth century to the ninth century, an artisanal and economic activity of major importance, witness of economic networks and local and regional cultural area. The inventory and study of sarcophagi in funerary context allowed us to establish a detailed typology founded on morphological, decorative and technological criteria. On some 2500 sarcophagi studied, only a few are well dated. A relative typo-chronology has been established, based on best datations and on the evolution of shapes and decorative models. From the study of production sites, including four quarrying center were studied, we can observe an important expertise and a very rational organization of production. The confrontation of study data from sarcophagi and quarries has allowed us to restitute several diffusion areas: micro-local (Civaux or Chauvigny), local (Panzoult, valley of the Manse or red sandstone of Loir valley) or regional (Bourbonnais or Nivernais productions, outside our study area)
Valenciano, Marie. « Saint-Blaise/Ugium : de l’agglomération tardo-antique au castrum médiéval : relectures et regard nouveau ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3065.
Texte intégralThe study takes places on development project of archaeological site of Saint-Blaise (Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts, 13, France) and the purpose of our thesis is to proofreading the late antique and medieval vestiges. Thanks to recovery of the archives and the ground surveying generated since 1935, to the study of lots of ceramics, to the systematic recording of visible structures and to the opening of news excavations, we present the first synthesis of the Saint-Blaise topo-chronological evolution from Late Antiquity to Middle Ages. Considering the division in nine periods established by Gabrielle Démians d’Archimbaud as a starting point, we extend her interpretations to the whole urban area. If the plateau is frequented between 2nd century B.C. and 4th century A.C., the second half of 5th century A.C. is the beginning of settling in low part (a church and a house). From the 6th century A.C., the town is equipped with monumental finery inspired by the urban topography (two “districts”, a city-wall, a second church and an elitist house). Introducing some thoughts on the modalities of the transition between Late Antiquity and high Middle Ages, we purpose first results about Castelveyre castrum. Finally, compared with a corpus of housing environments grouped and perched by the Mediterranean, we replace the town of Saint-Blaise/Ugium in a global context
Le, Coz Audren. « Résistance et mutations de la fonction impériale entre Antiquité tardive et Moyen Age : le règne de Zénon (474-491) ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040143.
Texte intégralFor a long time, scholars identified the deposing of the last Western Emperor in 476 CE as the transition point between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Over the past few decades, Late Antiquity scholars have reconsidered the importance of this event: continuity would have definitely prevailed, which opened up the path to the promotion of an extended Late Antiquity, from third Century to eighth Century AD. A period of slow evolution, without brutal rupture. However, this argument fails to account for the profound crisis the Roman Empire experienced during the second half of the 5th century CE, in both the East and West. Accordingly, this study examines Emperor Zeno’s (474-491 CE) approach to this widespread crisis of imperial authority, and the dethroning of the last Western emperors. With pragmatism and opportunism, Zeno refashioned the role of emperors for a new world, without renouncing the emperor’s claim to universal authority. A new method of governance appeared, particularly after Basiliskos’ usurpation of the throne (475-476 CE), which forced Zeno to radically revise his internal, external and ecclesiastical policies. Zeno’s moves during his second reign restricted the options of his successors, no matter how strong was their willingness to return to traditional imperial ambitions. Without denying the advances of Late Antiquity studies over the long term, this study illuminates the rapid political events of the years 475-6 CE, particularly in the Eastern half of the Empire. While defending the long historical tradition of imperial power he inherited, Zeno’s historical role was to accept a new world and help usher the Roman Empire into the Middle Ages
Coudert, Magali. « La nécropole de l’Antiquité tardive du site d’El-Deir dans l’oasis égyptienne de Kharga : étude des pratiques funéraires coptes ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA040024.
Texte intégralStudy of the west necropolis at the El-Deir site in the Egyptian oasis of Khargeh helps to acquire a better understanding of the knowledge of Egyptian funerary practicesin the Late Antiquity / Late Antique period, in the first ages of Christianity. The results of this research constitute an interesting prism through which to discover the Christian community that lived at El-Deir, in the north of the oasis, in the precise location where the presence of an important Christian population is attested from the 4th centuryvia numerous archaeological remains and textual sources. The morphology of the 150 tombs, their orientation, studies of the bodies – often mummified – and the grave goods have all been compared with those of some other Egyptian necropolises dating from the late Roman period to the early Byzantine period, namely from the 4th to the late 6thcentury. This confrontation of data has brought forth several criteriathat seem to allow identification of a Christian necropolis. The funerary practices established by the first Christians thus combine elements inherited from their ancestors that already existed in the traditional necropolises and elements related to the new belief in the Christian religion. In parallel, multidisciplinary studies conducted at El-Deir lead us to discover the daily life of Christians who lived on the site in the Late Antiquity. The environment in which this population progressed, the cultures it developed, its professional and hand-crafted activities, the pains endured by its members and the links between this community and the exterior thus start to be revealed
Luault, Noémie. « Entre ville et montagne : habitat, peuplement et terroirs dans les Pyrénées de l'Est de l'Antiquité tardive au Moyen Âge (Cerdagne, IIIe-XIIe siècle) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU20050.
Texte intégralThis work deals with the dynamics of territorial organization, settlement and landscapes in a mountainous region, between Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages (3rd-12th century). Located to the east of the Pyrenees, the study area has the shape of a vast plain with an average altitude of 1,200 metres, framed by peaks that rise to over 2,900 metres. Iulia Libica (Llívia) was established in the centre of this territory in the 1st century BC. A unique example of a city capital located in the heart of the Pyrenees, this centre experimented with a series of changes between Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Affecting the regional political-administrative geography and the urban network, these changes also affect the morphology of the town. In order to better define and understand them, the transformations of the urban centreare compared with those of the settlement, the cultivated fields and the upland areas. At the crossroads of excavations,pedestrian surveys and the analysis of a corpus of written sources, the points of view and scales of observation are multiplied.This analysis sheds new light on the mutations of a city after the late Roman Empire and up to the heart of the Middle Ages. It shows the need to confront the urban centre with the rhythms of its territory. At the same time, this research reveals a Pyrenean country open to the Mediterranean and far from being a margin
McDowell, Gavin. « L’histoire sainte dans l’Antiquité tardive : les Pirqé de-Rabbi Eliézer et leur relation avec le Livre des Jubilés et la Caverne des Trésors ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLEP059/document.
Texte intégralPirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer (PRE) is a watershed in the history of rabbinic literature. This ninth-century work, an account of “biblical history” from creation until the time of Esther, is the first extended, continuous narrative of any sort in rabbinic literature. It is also, in all probability, the first major rabbinic work to derive from the hand of a single author. The most remarkable aspect of PRE, however, is its introduction into rabbinic tradition of several legends about biblical figures which are not found in the classical rabbinic corpus. Modern scholarship considers the non-rabbinic legends in PRE an example of the survival of Second Temple literature within Jewish tradition. The present study, however, will attempt to explain the non-rabbinic material found in PRE as the result of the author’s adoption (and adaptation) of elements from the surrounding Christian and Muslim culture rather than through the direct transmission of Second Temple works among Jews. This hypothesis will be tested through the examination of two works close to PRE in form and content, the Book of Jubilees (Hebrew, second century BCE) and the Cave of Treasures (Syriac, sixth century CE). All three are accounts of “Sacred History,” that is, the history of ancient Israel as recounted independently of the biblical text. It is not a study of biblical exegesis. Rather, it is an inquiry into comparative mythology, the evolution of tradition, and the construction of communal identities through the transformation of a shared history, the history of the ancient prophets and patriarchs
Moreau, Tiphaine. « Penser et construire une autorité chrétienne dans l'Empire romain : les associations "empereur - croix" dans les textes des IVe et Ve siècles ». Thesis, Limoges, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIMO0089/document.
Texte intégralThis study investigates the Christian conceptualization of authority and its political contexts by focusing on a rather common but never systematically analyzed rhetorical strategy in the texts of the 4th and 5th centuries: the associations between the Roman Emperor and the symbol of the cross. At the interface between the Emperor and the cross stands another authority, personal or collective, who is considered a mediator. Concrete or symbolic associations between at least two parties usually form themselves under a common goal: the glorious kingdom of Emperor, Christ, and their mediators. In this case, the cross is solicited in its profuse meaning as a powerful and dynamic sign, both iconic and theological; it is thus integrated in a specific setting of time and place or in a metaphorical and allegorical discourse. The goal of this study is to look at the different proponents of a mediating authority, whether secular or ecclesiastical, and their claims for visibility, political basis and public recognition. The manifold associations between the Emperor and the cross are part of a vibrant discourse, which is both partisan and conquering in reclaiming a specific Christian authority; and whoever is able to manipulate the power of the cross gains prophetic qualities that also legitimize political participation. Thus, the capacity to act as a mediator builds upon competition between intermediaries or upon the appropriation of this capacity by legal means, but not upon conflict with the Imperial authority. In associating the Emperor and the cross in the texts, the authors describe interactions and networks of contacts. Rather than breathless and “standardized” processes, these networks reveal the multiple and polymorphic dynamics of political relationships in Late Antiquity
Bodin, Ariane. « Les manifestations sociales de l’être-chrétien en Italie et en Afrique romaine : début du IVe siècle-fin du VIe siècle ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100128.
Texte intégralThe approach of this dissertation is based not on the Christian community but on social history, and focuses on the issues of “Methodological individualism”, of which individuals form the social dynamics between the beginning of the 4th century and the end of the 6th century. Based on a sample of 198 individuals from Italy and Roman Africa, this thesis highlights the social manifestations of the Christian-Being by studying the Christians’s ways of doing, believing and saying, grouped together in what we have called their Christianess, according to the neologism das Christlichkeit coined by F. Nietzsche. In this dissertation, the author carried out the analysis of primary sources highlighting the faith of the Christians, which helped him to draw up a classification, comprising four different actions and two forms of expression. Primary actions are those deemed to be typically Christian, since this kind of behavior cannot be found in this form in any other religions of the Roman World. Secondary actions are those which already existed in the Roman Society, and are re-Used by Christians. Social actions deal with the networks of the faithful Christians, and lastly militant actions demonstrate the ability of Christians to stand up for their beliefs. The fellow Christians express their faith into two different ways, in writing and with their body. Two main parts compose this dissertation, made up of eight chapters, entitled - in order of appearance - as follows : “The Christians and the World. Living as a Christian in the roman society”and “The Christians, the Clerics and the Church”
Perrin, Stéphanie. « Les trésors de vaisselle précieuse dans les Îles Britanniques à la période romaine : pratiques de déposition de la vaisselle d’argent et d’étain dans l’Antiquite Tardive ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040234.
Texte intégralSeveral hoards of precious vessels come from Roman Britain, some of them were found outside imperial boundaries (Scotland and Ireland) and represent loots of pirates. They were deposited during all Roman period, especially during the 3rd to the 5th centuries. Though large silver treasures are very rare there, this region is very rich in hoards of small precious objects of gold and silver (spoons, strainers, toothpicks, jewellery, coins, ingots…). In the meantime pewter industry flourishes from the 3rd century and vessels of this matter are produced in great quantity and diffused through the entire island, imitating silver vessels of the same period. It is often called the "poor man's silver".Through a descriptive catalogue of 229 Roman pewter and silver vessels hoards and single finds from the British Isles, this study starts with a typological and stylistic analysis of precious vessels and their imitations (forms, decoration, and techniques). It continues with a classification of all treasures and hoards that contain silver or pewter vessels, through a comparison of what they contained and where they were buried. Some of them could be of votive origin, inherited from Bronze Age
El, Hassani Hafsa. « Le verre et sa production dans le Maroc antique et médiéval. Essai de typologie et de chronologie ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040092.
Texte intégralBased on a typological and chronological study of the glass in Morocco from the Ist to the XIVth century, this research allows to encircle the comparisons as well as the evolutions, and to show a recurrence of forms and techniques, particularly from the late roman time to the high medieval period. The data, combined in dense one, totally unpublished corpus for its biggest part, arise from 18 archeological sites, among which 9 classic arts and 9 of the medieval period. The studied furniture consists a set of about 2600 glasses among which 1000 individuals. Far from joining a long historiographical tradition denying the existence of structures of production of the glass in Morocco, this thesis highlights for the first time, with supporting archaeological data, not only the tangible indications of this production, but also the traces of glass workshops. The results are particularly important for the history of the beginning of the small business glassworker during high medieval period
Bonnan-Garçon, Camille. « L'épigramme et la lettre d'Ausone à Ennode de Pavie : étude stylistique, littéraire et historique d'une contiguïté générique dans l'antiquité tardive ». Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE3070/document.
Texte intégralFrom Ausonius to Ennodius of Pavia, including Paulinus of Nola, Symmachus and Sidonius Apollinaris, many men of letters, in late Antiquity, wrote both letters and epigrams. Besides, Ennodius himself has organized his complete work alternating epigrams and letters, and highliting the close connection between those two genres. However, despite theirs numerous common features, the critics did not bother to draw a parrallel between them. Thus, we want to devote ourselves to this original point of view. First of all, we study the stylistic aspect of this generic connection, through two main common criteria. One the one hand, the breuitas and the humilitas, and in the other hand, the predominance of a certain form of mannerism. Then, considering the social and communicational aspects of those genres, we bring them together as medias adopting a common communicationnal system, and using the same places of creation. Finally, we include our reflexion in a broader one, about the phenomenon of genre-switching in Late Antiquity. This final movement consists in a studic of hybrid forms, in an ecdotic, stylistic point of view, but also in the study of latin-grec bilingualism
Bremond, Maxime. « Totius orbis discordia : l'hérétique mis en cause par l'histoire. Crise arienne et affaire priscillianiste chez Jérôme, Orose et Sulpice Sévère ». Thesis, Brest, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021BRES0108.
Texte intégralWhen Christian historiography of late Antiquity evokes heretical movements, it relies on the representations of the heresiologists of the preceding centuries, and makes heretics recurrents disrupters of the march of History, alongside with barbarians and usurpers. But this indictment of heresy takes place in representations of History that differ from one historian to another. Our study is based on the examination of three Latin historiographical texts, written at the end of the fourth and the beginning of the fifth centuries AD : the last book of Orosius'Histories, Jerome's continuation of Eusebius' Chronicle, and the last two sequences of the Chronicles written by Sulpicius Severus. Their narratives are centered on the Arian crisis and the Priscillianist case. As historical writing in Antiquity is a literary tradition and an art of narration and rhetorical persuasion, it is through a literary approach that we show how heresy is considered by our historians as a major explanatory cause, and a generalized symptom of the disorders of Church and Empire history
Amsellem, Roxane. « La couronne dans les sources iconographiques et textuelles juives et chrétiennes : significations d’un symbole tardo-antique ». Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100049.
Texte intégralThe motif of the crown, strongly present in the Jewish and Christian iconographic corpus, was mainly perceived as a pagan contamination of the said repertoires. By the same token, its symbolic interpretation is considered secondary and its use essentially decorative. By the constitution of a selective double corpus, one iconographic and the other textual, we demonstrate that this motif knows a deep symbolic meaning specific to both religions. My work makes it possible, on the one hand, to better understand the iconographic and religious evolutions so characteristic of late antiquity, and, on the other hand, to identify the interactions between the Jewish and Christian religious groups of the Greco-Roman world.Indeed, taking into account and confronting all Jewish and Christian late antique textual and iconographic sources initially showed that the theme of the crown is omnipresent. This omnipresence is explained insofar as the symbolic meanings which it conveys are fundamental and multiple. Attribute of power (that of the king that of the priest), attribute and divine seal, attribute Christic, angelic and celestial, the crown is at the heart of the Jewish and Christian thought of retribution.This powerful symbolism is rooted in the Bible. It is from the biblical passages, however few in number, mentioning the crown, that the subsequent exegeses have been constantly developed; With an increasing emphasis on the heavenly dimension of the meaning of this motif, to the detriment of its terrestrial connotations historically related to the Davidic kingdom and the Aaronic priesthood. The motif of the crown and its increasingly eschatological interpretation are present in all the literary or epigraphic corpuses that we have studied. The first witnesses to this increase in the symbolic value of the crown are the intertestamental, pseudepigraphic and qumranian literatures at the turn of our era, in which attention focuses on the fate of the righteous
Martinez, Damien. « De la cité Arverne au diocèse de Clermont : Topographie ecclésiale, fortifications et peuplements de l’Auvergne entre Antiquité tardive et haut Moyen Âge (Ve-Xe siècles) : une approche archéologique ». Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAL007/document.
Texte intégralThis study proposes to shed new light on the evolution of settlement in the former territory of Clermont during the late Antiquity and early Middle Ages, by looking at the fortifications and first Christian places of worship, which are believed to polarize the medieval settlement. The main purpose of this work, beyond a necessary compilation of previous studies, is to renew the existing documentation through a vast archaeological investigation. The starting point of this research is a monographic study that widens the research on the topic of hillforts and highlights the close relation between fortifications and churches from the 5th to the 10th century. The study extends to questions relating to the ecclesial topography of the whole Arvern territory, thus showing clearly the shift in the framework of the Roman city towards the diocesan structure. The purpose here is indeed to study the continuity, or discontinuity as well as the transformations in land-use between the 5th and the 10th century, through the role of churches and "castles" in the creation of new settlements. It is also important to show the many forms of the monumental architecture in Auvergne between Antiquity and Middle Ages, raising the question of formal persistence or innovation, technical continuity or discontinuity, through the analysis of plans, upstanding architecture and the choice of decorative repertoires, while confronting the data to textual sources
Desbrosses, Lucie. « Sidoine Apollinaire et la Gaule chrétienne au Ve siècle ». Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCC015/document.
Texte intégralThis dissertation examines how poetic and epistolary works of Sidonius Apollinaris brings light upon christian Gaul identity during late Antiquity, and how this author takes part in defining it. This essay focuses on christian speeches, behaviours and duties towards former culture and especially pagan background, paying peculiar attention to claims of renunciation and actual compromises towards past patterns. This essay firstly tries to paint a picture of fifth-century christianity in Gaul, studying how and how much the religio noua has penetrated gallic provincies, and showing remanence of heterodox and «pagan» believes. It also examines the cultural continuity and discontinuity that occurs during religious transition from laity to conversion and clerical status, for which Sidonius Apollinaris, belonging first to lay social élite, then to thee cleric world, appears like a key-figure. This work especially focuses on the importance of poems-writing to enhance a christian identity but also to express one's nostalgic attachement to the ancient world, its litterature, its culture and its erstwhile pleasures
Amossé-Reveret, Julia. « Espace liturgique en Bulgarie de l’Antiquité Tardive à la fin du Ier Royaume bulgare ». Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2020CLFAL001_AMOSSE-REVERET_1.pdf.
Texte intégralThis PhD analysing Christianism, liturgical space and decoration in protobyzantine territory of the actual Bulgaria purpose to define Christian protobyzantine art in Bulgaria. Bulgaria, which borders always kept moving during the medieval period, is a country of great interest as far as its geographic position as a crossroads is concerned. Indeed, since the Thrace era, many different ethnic groups and civilizations met and mingled with each other: Bulgaria is a convergence spot between the cultures of West and East Roman Empires on one hand, ethnic groups from the North and from the Mediterranean and Central Asian areas, located between both the Aral and the Caspian Seas, on the other.Moreover, this is such an interesting area as it is close to the imperial capital, Constantinople, and also a important christian center Salonica. Therefore, it seems useful to analyse the Byzantine power's influence over the development and progress of Christian art in these Balkan lands since the Late Antiquity to under Boris-Michel the First's reign. The point of this analysis is to initiate some serious thinking over the issue of artistic production drawn according to the multi-cultural and multi-ethnical heritage. But also to think about the great influence of an artistic, political, economical and religious spot. In the end, the analysis of the art expression cannot be clearly understood without a focus on the relationships between Christian art and the faithful people or clergy member.However, this study is mainly based on the observation of architectural art with the analysis of the design of cultural buildings, i.e. plans, spatial organizations and their evolution, but also on monumental and plastic decorative art. In this way, we wish to understand to what extent the liturgical space in Bulgaria today is a place of fusion between an official art defined by political and religious powers and an art of the faithful endowed with a technical, cultural and artistic heritage coming from the different cultures present on these lands, however, by measuring its limits and the impact of its conception in the face of its proximity to a radiant and influential cultural and religious centre, what is Constantinople? The study is based in particular on a critical corpus and a database containing a large majority of Christian buildings discovered in present-day Bulgaria in order to provide a better understanding of the relationships established between architecture and object, but also on the circulation and organisation of buildings and the roles assigned to certain spaces. Archaeological sources as well as written sources are naturally the fundamental tools for this study and for understanding the mentalities, customs, liturgy and political, economic and religious contexts of these regions. In this way, we hope to bring new avenues of work in the field of research on Byzantine art and artistic productions from territories often perceived as Constantinople's "hinterlands". We also wish to bring new elements to the understanding of mentalities during the protobyzantine period, of the perception of art by the faithful and of their relations not only with the Christian religion but especially with the house of God
Adroma, Adrupiako Frédéric. « Caritas Patriae : loyalisme politique et foi chrétienne. La correspondance entre Nectarius de Calama et Augustin d'Hippone. Epistulae 90-91 ; 103-104 (août 408-mars 409 ap J.-C.)) ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040146.
Texte intégralThe recognition of Christianity as the official religion of the roman empire resulted, at the beginning of the fifth century, in the radical abolition of the pagan cult, as testified in the Sirmondian Constitution 12 of Emperor Honorius, dated 25th December 407.The promulgation of this law triggered violent riots by the pagans of Calama. They rebelled against a decision that denied a multi-secular tradition that brought, until then, peace and prosperity to the Empire. Defending his fellow citizens, Nectarius addressed Augustin so that he intervenes with the imperial authorities in order to obtain a reduction of punishment against the culprits. Nectarius put his action under the Cicero’s authority, justified it fundamentally by his municipal patriotism, and showed at this occasion, the better capacity of paganism to express the link between religion and civil duty. Augustin who willingly joined this debate, also referred to Cicero, to classic authors and to the Bible. This approach allowed him to articulate moral duties of his faith and the roman patriotic ideology, and to highlight the political loyalty of the Christians. This sparring match is unusual as it constitutes an authentic theological-political dialogue made possible thanks to the similar cultural environment where Nectarius and Augustin both belonged
Chazal, Benoît. « La rhétorique du blâme dans l'"Histoire Auguste" ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCA151.
Texte intégralRhetoric of Condemnation in the 'Historia Augusta' intends to study the collection of imperial biographies known as Historia Augusta as a literary object. The biographies were officially written by six authors at the end of the 3rd Century A.D. and at the beginning of the 4th Century A.D., but they were actually produced through the imagination of a single writer who lived at the end of the 4th Century A.D. according to the 19th Century thesis of the German historian Hermann Dessau. Through analysing a text that intricately mixes reality and fiction, this thesis will examine the different strategies intended to depict the sombre images of both legitimate and usurping emperors throughout the historical period that begins with Hadrian's reign and ends with the fall of Carin (2nd to 3rd Centuries A.D.). Observing the lexical, stylistic, thematic and structural methods reveals the importance of utilizing epideictic rhetoric as well as numerous intertextuality phenomena, particularly based on Suetonius's Vitae XII Caesarum, which is the main model of the collection. This inquiry drives to widen the thought interested by the target of the critic. If, behind the figures of bad princes, the writer tries to castigate the principate system that enables princely transgressions, he also tries to enhance his own writing. The writer tries to be different from other historiographers in a style that grants a large place to fantasy, self-mockery and raillery. This thesis endeavours, therefore, to study the representation of historical characters and events while underlining articulations between poetics and rhetoric in a major text of late Antiquity Latin literature
Longobardi, Concetta. « Le corpus pseudacroniane et l’interprétation d’Horace : Le commentaire au quatrième livre des Carmina ». Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30004.
Texte intégralThe main objective of the thesis was that to provide a review of the critical edition, with a translation and a commentary of the scholia pseudacroniana on The Fourth Book of the Odes of Horace. In the vast field of the Horatian lyric, it's been considered un 'independent' section. The pseudacronian corpus looks like a jumble of Horace's scholia not due to an individuality or to a precise historic moment: they are the result of a stratification began in the fifth century and lasted until the Middle Ages, mistakenly attributed to Elenius Acron, author of the second century AD. Some critical interventions have been proposed to the edition of reference, that of O. Keller, published for the series Teubneriana (Pseudacronis Scholia in Horatium vetustiora, Leipzig 1902).During the draft of the commentary I've given great importance to the evaluation of the literary investigations proposed in the pseudacronian text. It's not even a careful focus on the types of notes, too, from which we deduce the linguistic, rhetorical, literary, mythical, historical competences. The work has been completed by an essay divided by sections: the first part concerning the receipt of the text of auctores, and in particular Horace, in the context of the school. The second section concerns the characteristics of the commentary on the fourth book of Odes, taken as an example for the evaluation of ps.Acron's exegetical technique
Petitjean, Maxime. « Le combat de cavalerie dans le monde romain du Ier siècle a.C. au VIe siècle p.C ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040187.
Texte intégralThis study is about cavalry warfare in the Roman world from the 1st century BC to the 6th century AD. It is a work of synthesis dealing with the employment doctrine of cavalry in the imperial and early Byzantine eras. Organizational and strategic issues are discussed, but the focus is mainly put on tactics and battle mechanics. The aim of this research is to account for the evolution of the art of war during the end of Antiquity by analyzing specifically the stakes involved in the development and use of cavalry. The growing importance of mounted troops in the imperial strategy marks an important change in the history of the Roman army, with a gradual shift from offensive warfare, pitched battle and heavy infantry toward deception, frontier warfare and mounted archery. These changes, which have never been the subject of a thorough analysis, are here reviewed in the overall context of Roman history. The cross-analysis of narrative, technical, iconographic and archaeological sources reveals a coherent evolutionary pattern, an "organic development of forms of combat" (Hans Delbrück), which we endeavor to reinsert in the wider context of a changing Roman military culture, attaching particular importance to the Romans' relationship to warfare and to their ideal perception of the respective roles of infantry and cavalry
Marani, Flavia. « Monete, circolazione ed economia nel Lazio meridionale in età tardoantica e altomedievale ». Thesis, Paris, EPHE, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EPHE4099.
Texte intégralThis research is mainly based on the use of the monetary instrument – in especial way, the bronze coins – to analyze the economic transformation processes of a specific area: the southern Latium. The coins are from different archaeological contexts: villages, villas, agricultural complex, cemeteries. The contextualization of coins finds, combined with other classes of materials, can allow us to evaluate, in rural context, the possible phenomena of circulation of money in the long period or residuality. The presence, within the heterogeneous money supply in circulation – composed of Roman imperial coins, coins of the Vandals, Ostrogoths and Byzantine coins – of tiny illegible coins, clipped coins and counterfeit coins, it allows us to place these findings in the living heart of the debate of recent years. The monetary instrument does not seem to persist, in daily transactions, which up to the emissions of Justin II, or shortly after. This abrupt break in the circulation of money supply and the apparent absence of issues after the sixth century need explanation, especially if we relate to the continuity of the production of Byzantine mint of Rome
Neuenkirchen, Paul. « La fin du monde dans le Coran : une étude comparative du discours eschatologique coranique ». Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP060.
Texte intégralEschatology, or the discourse on the End, is arguably the Qur’an’s predominant thematic, giving vivid descriptions of cosmic and earthly cataclysms that will take place during the last days, depicting the Judgment as a horrific day for the sinners or portraying the final Resurrection in highly evocative terms. Paradoxically, this central qur’anic discourse regarding the End has little been discussed by modern scholars and has even been undervalued or even all together dismissed by a number of studies. Yet, according to scholars such as Paul Casanova (d. 1926), Tor Andrae (d. 1947) or more recently Stephen Shoemaker, eschatology should be regarded as the oldest strata of the Qur’an. This primitive layer would have been altered by the editors of the final version of this corpus after Muhammad’s death, when the End had not come. The object of my dissertation is to bring this eschatological discourse back in the spotlight by studying it in its historical context (i.e. that of Late Antiquity) as well as in its literary context (i.e. that of religious writings from the “Biblical” tradition). By doing so, I wish on the one hand to study the qur’anic text in itself, without its later traditional Muslim interpretations which always read the Qur’an in light of a mythified life of Muhammad. On the other hand I seek to understand the Qur’an in the continuity of previous religious eschatological texts. Many Western scholars have long noticed the similarities between certain biblical narratives (from the ‘canonical’ books of the Old and New Testaments) and the Qur’an, at the same time insisting on discrepancies between the two versions. These differences have often been said to be the result of Muhammad’s or someone else’s mistake. With the present study, I wish to show that the Qur’an is not “influenced” by biblical narratives as has often been thought. Rather, I believe that its authors have composed a novel writing in rhymed and rhythmic speech, based on one or more biblical subtext(s), very much like what Christian homilists did. As Gabriel Said Reynolds has argued, the fundamental medium of exhortation in their homilies is the use of eschatology. I therefore suggest to read the numerous verses of the Qur’an that deal with the End in light of a small corpus of eschatological homilies written a little more than a century before the Qur’an by Narsai (d. ca. 502) and Jacob of Serugh (d. 521), two Christian authors who wrote in Syriac. It is my hope to shed a light both on shared rhetorical techniques used by these authors and those of the Qur’an as well as on some ambiguous or problematic aspects of the qur’anic eschatological discourse
Hoohs, Muriel. « La christianisation des campagnes en Afrique romaine à la fin de l'Antiquité (312-439) ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3023.
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