Articles de revues sur le sujet « Tamar (Ship) »

_ As of September, TotalEnergies together with partners Eni and QatarEnergy will have spud exploration well 31/1 on Block 9 of Lebanon’s Qana prospect. It is the consortium’s second attempt in 6 years to strike gas in the EastMed where upstream riches at the crossroads of markets east and west struggle against the fiercest of global geopolitical headwinds. Lebanese media hailed the 16 August arrival of the Transocean Barents semisubmersible drilling platform at Block 9 with guarded optimism, reporting on the Barents journey from the North Sea like a sports play-by-play, detailing the landing of the first crew transport helicopter and the offloading of pipe and other equipment delivered by ship to the Port of Beirut. The Lebanese Petroleum Administration busily dotted the i’s and crossed the t’s on the drilling license application that TotalEnergies EP Lebanon had submitted in June while MP Ibrahim Kanaan, head of the parliament’s finance and budget committee, announced creation of the Lebanese Sovereign Fund for Oil and Gas to protect future revenues from political interference. “The rig will start working in Lebanon in September ... before the end of the year we will know if there is a discovery,” Lebanon’s caretaker Energy Minister Walid Fayyad told Reuters at an event earlier this summer in Abu Dhabi. Built to operate in harsh environments the Barents will drill in deep water, its crew hoping to hit the sweet spot that is the Tamar Sands Formation from which Israel, Cyprus, and Egypt are already producing gas for domestic needs and for export. Assuming commercial gas reserves are confirmed in Qana, Lebanon will join the club of EastMed gas producers—a development that would ease Beirut’s seemingly endless energy crisis, give the financially bankrupt country a share of revenues for gas exported to Europe and Asia, and attract further global investment. The World Bank has described Lebanon’s economic collapse as possibly one of the top three most severe worldwide since the 1850s. But while all seems like business as usual, this is the EastMed where political and military conflicts that dog oil and gas projects throughout the world can escalate quickly, driven by political fragmentation and violence within and across borders of countries with the most to gain from big international projects. What might be called a harsh environment in the UK sector of the North Sea where the Barents worked most recently differs greatly from what can be called harsh in the EastMed where technology can’t solve all of a hydrocarbon project’s problems. Drawing Lines in the Sand Beirut awarded exploration licenses in 2017 to drill on its offshore Blocks 4 and 9 to the Total-lead consortium with Eni and, at the time, Russia’s independent gas producer and LNG exporter Novatek. This past January, QatarEnergy farmed in for a 30% stake after Novatek exited. TotalEnergies and Eni each now hold 35%. In the 6 years following the license award, the consortium drilled only one well on the Lebanese shelf—a dry hole on Block 4 in 2020. Though data suggested that the Qana prospect in Block 9 might be different, TotalEnergies delayed further appraisal drilling pending settlement of the maritime boundary between Israel and Lebanon.

This article specifically discusses the participation of local communities in tourism development in Karimunjawa National Park, which is administratively a part of Jepara Regency, Central Java Province. This research uses a qualitative approach, the research findings show that the participation of local communities in Karimunjawa is realized through the formation of the Tourism Local Transportation Association, the Lodging Association, the Tourism Ship Association, the Culinary Association, and the Tour Guides Association which are members of the Indonesian Tour Guides Association. also encouraged to offer local Karimunjawa superior products in the form of food, beverages, and handicraft products to tourists visiting Karimunjawa to support the economic development and empowerment of the Karimunjawa community.

AbstractStep aerobics is one of the most popular exercises with established benefits to cardiovascular status. This activity is associated with injuries which include patellar or talar chondral lesions, quadriceps tendinopathy, Achilles tendinopathy or tear, shin splints and muscle soreness. The purpose of this case report is to present two step aerobics athletes, suffering from anterior knee pain. We observed that their knee MR examination disclosed only suprapatellar fat pad edema. No other findings were noticed. In addition, we discuss the possible pathogenetic mechanism of this entity which has not been previously reported in the literature.

Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (TNKJ) memiliki ekosistem terumbu yang cukup baik. Peningkatan jumlah kunjungan ke kawasan TNKJ menyebabkan kawasan terumbu mendapat ancaman serius, salah satunya dari kemungkinan tertabrak kapal (vessel grounding). Salah satu kasus terjadi pada tanggal 7 September 2018 ketika kapal Tug Boat PM 202 kandas di perairan Tanjung Gelam di Zona Tradisional Perikanan (ZTrP) yang menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan di 11 bagian (Patch). Hingga kini upaya monitoring kondisi terumbu karang pada area kerusakan setelah kejadian kandas kapal belum pernah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keberhasilan rekruitmen alami, komposisi jenis juvenil dan densitas rekruit karang pada area kapal kandas. Pendataan juvenil karang pada 11 patch kerusakan dilakukan dengan menggunakan transek kuadran. Pendataan karang pada lokasi yang tidak terdampak kerusakan juga dilakukan menggunakan metode Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu di sekitar kapal kandas. Pengamatan hanya menemukan 4 patch, yaitu patch 4, 5, 6 dan 7, sehingga pendataan hanya dilakukan pada ke-4 patch tersebut. Total rekruit yang ditemukan pada keempat patch berjumlah 40 koloni dengan nilai densitas rekruit sebesar 1,88 koloni/m2. Keseluruhan rekruit di seluruh lokasi pengamatan termasuk dalam 10 genera yaitu Acropora, Astreopora, Coeloseris, Favia, Fungia, Goniastrea, Montipora, Pavona, Pocillopora dan Porites. Juvenil karang terbanyak adalah Porites dengan persentase kemunculan sebesar 23% dan kemunculan terendah adalah Pocillopora dan Pavona masing-masing sebesar 2,5 %. Hasil analisis menggunakan CPCe versi 4.1 (Coral Point Count with Excel extension) diperoleh nilai tutupan karang keras hidup yang tidak terkena dampak tertabraknya kapal termasuk dalam kategori baik dengan kerapatan 66.87 %. Genus kemunculan karang terbanyak adalah Porites dan terendah Galaxea. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa densitas juvenil yang ditemukan di lokasi kandas kapal terkategori rendah. Monitoring lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui akibat lebih jauh terumbu yang tertabrak kapal dan keberhasilan rekrutmen alami. Karimunjawa National Park (TNKJ) has a fairly good reef ecosystem. The increase in the number of visits to the TNKJ area has caused serious threats, one of which is the possibility of being hit by vessel grounding. One of the cases occurred on September 7, 2018 when the Tug Boat PM 202 crashed in the waters of Tanjung Gelam in the Traditional Fishing Zone (ZTrP) which caused damage in 11 sections (Patch). Until now, efforts to monitor the condition of coral reefs in the area of damage after the shipwreck have never been carried out. This study aims to find out the success of natural recruitment, composition of juvenil type and density of coral recruit in the area of the ship wreck. Data collection of coral juvenil on 11 patches of damagearea is done using quadrant transfect. Coral cover at un- impacted locations is also carried out to determine the condition of the reef around the shipwreck. Data collection is done using Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method. Observations can only find 4 patches, namely patches 4, 5, 6 and 7, therefore observation was done only on the 4 patches. The total recruitment found 40 colonies with a recruit density value of 1.88 colonies/m2. All recruitments in all observation sites are included in 10 genera namely Acropora, Astreopora, Coeloseris, Favia, Fungia, Goniastrea, Montipora, Pavona, Pocillopora and Porites. The largest coral juvenil is genus Porites with a percentage of appearance of 23% and the lowest appearance is the Pocillopora and Pavona of 2.5%. The results of the analysis using CPCe version 4.1 (Coral Point Count with Excel extension) obtained the value of living hard coral cover fall into the category of good with a density of 66.87%. There were 13 genera observed with Porites showed the highest appearance and the lowest is Galaxea.The results showed that the juvenile density found at the shipwreck site was categorized as low. Further monitoring needs to be carried out to find out more about the impact on reefs being hit by ships and the success of natural recruitment.

The Seribu Islands National Park (Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu - TNKpS) which has a marine ecosystem area that has the potential to be affected by oil spills originating from oil discharges from ships passing through the Sunda Strait and ship accidents in and out of Tanjung Priuk Port. In addition, in the TNKpS area there are also oil and gas mining companies as well as oil distribution through pipelines which have the potential to cause oil pollution due to leakage of oil distribution pipelines. The availability of maps of Environmental Sensitivity Index and comprehensive environmental data is important for the government to understand the condition of sensitive areas around oil and gas mining areas to mitigate environmental pollution due to oil spills, and can then take priority actions. to protect areas deemed sensitive. The compilation of thematic maps related to environmental sensitivity to oil spills in TNKpS shows that the beach type is not sensitive to oil spills, where the dominant beach type is gently sloping sand which is a substrate that is easy to clean when an oil spill occurs. While the component of biodiversity has the highest sensitivity. The most sensitive socioeconomic components affected by the oil spill are fish farming and marine tourism (snorkeling and diving), both of which are the main livelihoods for the people in TNKpS, especially from the tourism sector. Mitigation of oil spills in TNKpS should focus on dealing with oil spills before reaching sensitive areas where oil collection with skimmers and spraying of dispersants can be carried out before entering the coral reef area. The next step is the protection of sensitive areas from oil spills where this protection can be done by dispelling using an oil boom and directing the oil spill to a less sensitive area. The final step is cleaning the beach area in accordance with oil spill emergency response procedures. Spill simulations carried out with a duration of 3 hours, 5 hours and 24 hours showed that the oil spill had not yet reached the sensitive area when it was 3 hours, so that the ideal anticipatory oil response is to have an oil control exercise with a duration of 3 hours to protect sensitive areas.

This study aims at finding the forms of transposition used in the translation of the food and drinks menu of Taman Indie Restaurant, Surabaya, from Indonesian into English and to know the effect of using transposition on the meaning and results of the translation of the food menu. This type of research is a basic study with a qualitative and descriptive approach. The data in this study include words, phrases and sentences contained in the description of the names of food and drinks at Taman Indie Restaurant, Surabaya. The data analysis technique used is that the transposition form used in the translation of menu names in Indonesian cuisine is associated with the accuracy aspects of the analysis, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The result of the study shows that 1) the form of transposition used in the translation of the restaurant menu is the shift class (nouns to adjectives, verbs to adjectives, and there is no verbs to nouns shift) and shift units (words to phrases), 2) the level of accuracy of translationsincluded in the category medium. They are accurate translation 54 data (52.94%), less accurate, 26 data (25.49%) and inaccurate 22 data (21.56%). AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan bentuk-bentuk transposisi yang digunakan dalam penerjemahan menu makanan dan minuman Restoran Taman Indie, Surabaya, dari bahasa Indonesia ke dalam bahasa Inggris dan mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan transposisi terhadap makna dan hasil penerjemahan menu makanan tersebut. Penelitian ini adalah kajian dasar dengan pendekatan kualitatif dan deskriptif. Data dalam kajian ini mencakup kata, frasa dan kalimat yang terdapat dalam deskripsi nama makanan dan minuman Restoran Taman Indie, Surabaya. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah dengan bentuk transposisi yang digunakan pada terjemahan nama menu masakan Indonesia dikaitkan dengan aspek keakuratan analisisnya, yaitu reduksi data, sajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data ditemukan bahwa 1) bentuk transposisi yang digunakan dalam penerjemahan menu restoran adalah class shift (nomina ke adjektiva, verba ke adjektiva, dan tidak ditemukan dari verba ke nomina) dan unit shif (kata ke frasa), 2) tingkat keakuratan terjemahan termasuk dalam kategori sedang, yaitu terjemahan yang akurat yaitu 54 data (52,94%), kurang akurat, 26 data (25,49%) dan 22 data (21,56%) tidak akurat.

ABSTRACT While Chile had experienced various major oil spills (including the 1974 Metula spill of 52,500 tons, the 1978 Cabo Tamar spill of 12,500 tons, and the 1987 Cabo Pilar spill of 7,500 tons), contingency planning for oil spills had been carried out on a voluntary basis. The Chilean maritime authority had assumed the responsibility for oil spill control in terms of equipment and trained personnel. Since November 1992, a new regulation is in force. Responsibility for oil and chemical spills control is assumed by the industry. According to the new regulations, every oil and chemical terminal must have contingency plans to deal with spills, proper equipment, and trained personnel. Vessels, Chilean or foreign flag, must have approved contingency plans in line with Regulation 26 of Annex I of the International Convention on Prevention of Pollution from Ships, MARPOL 73/78. Even though Chile is not party to MARPOL 73/78, Annexes I, IV, and V of the convention were incorporated as national regulations by Decree No. 1, 1992. Maritime authorities will continue to have their own equipment and will act only if needed. Almost all oil terminals and refineries have implemented their contingency plans and are in the process of purchasing equipment and training personnel.

To correlate the most prevalent ankle and foot injuries in amateur runners with the biomechanical analysis of running, considering the patterns of frontal analysis evaluated in a private orthopedic and physical therapy service. Retrospective analysis of 56 medical records of amateur runners with ankle and foot complaints who underwent biomechanical assessment of running in an Orthopedics and Physical Therapy clinic in 2017 and 2018. Lesions found: Shin splints (26.78%); plantar fasciitis (21.42%); Achilles tendinopathy (21.42%); Tibial Stress Syndrome (8.92%); lower limb stress fractures (5.35%); posterior tibial tendonitis (5.35%); peroneal tendinopathy and ankle sprain (7.14%); talar chondral lesion (1.78%) and Morton’s neuroma (1.78%). The biomechanical analysis showed that the most common findings were valgus knees, with 43 cases (76.78%), followed by pelvic drop and center of mass vertical oscillation, with 40 cases each (71.42%) and hamstring retraction, with 37 cases (66.07%). Among the least prevalent, varus knees and supinated foot stand out, with two cases each (3.57%) and medial or lateral heel whip (5.35%, 3 cases). The most prevalent findings were valgus knee, pelvic drop, center of mass vertical oscillation, and hamstring retraction. Among the least present, stand out the varus knees, the supinated foot and the medial or lateral heel whip.

The coral reef ecosystem is a place to live, a place to breed, and even a place to find food for various kinds of marine biota, this is what makes this ecosystem a beautiful attraction as a tourist destination. In general, the waters of Bunaken Island, which are included in the Bunaken National Park Area, are one of the world's tourist destinations, which present coral reefs as a charm that can be enjoyed for their beauty and high level of biota diversity. The objectives of this research are: To identify the condition of existing shipwrecks; Identify corals attached to shipwrecks; and analyze the Suitability of diving tourism. The coral type Pocillopora verrucosa was found with a total of 45 colonies with an average growth of 7 cm, Ascidian Polycarpa Aurata the number of colonies found was 18 with an average growth of 3, Ascidian Didemnum mole the highest number of colonies found was 97 colonies with an average growth of 2 cm, while Cyphastrea microphthalmia number of colonies was 8 and the average growth was 3 cm. Analysis of tourism suitability for this location for diving tourism with an IKW value of 2.25, which based on the score means it is in the "suitable" category. Keywords: Tourism, Ship, Shipwreck, Bunaken, Coral Abstrak Ekosistem terumbu karang sebagai tempat hidup, tempat berkembang biak, bahkan tempat mencari makan berbagai macam biota laut, hal inilah yang menjadikan ekosistem ini memiliki daya tarik yang indah untuk dijadikan destinasi wisata. Secara umum perairan Pulau Bunaken yang masuk dalam Kawasan Taman Nasional Bunaken, adalah salah Destinasi wisata Dunia, yang menghadirkan Terumbu karang sebagai pesona yang dinikmati keindahannya dan tingkat keanekaragaman biota yang tinggi. Adupun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu : Mengidentifikasi kondisi kapal karam yang ada; Mengidentifikasi karang yang menempel pada kapal karam; Menganalisis Kesesuaian wisata selam. Ditemukan karang berjenis Pocillopora verrucosa dengan jumlah koloni 45 dengan pertumbuhan rata-rata 7 cm, Ascidian Polycarpa Aurata jumlah koloni yang ditemukan 18 pertumbuhan rata-rata 3, Ascidian Didemnum mole jumlah koloni yang terbanyak ditemukan 97 koloni dengan pertumbuhan rata-rata 2 cm, sedangkan Cyphastrea microphthalma jumlah koloni 8 dan pertumbuhan rata-rata 3 cm. Ananlisis kesesuaian wisata untuk lokasi tersebut untuk wisata selam dengan nilai IKW, 2,25 yang berdasarkan skor artinya dalam kategori “sesuai”. Kata Kunci : Wisata, Kapal, Karam, Bunaken, Karang

Kepulauan Karimunjawa merupakan salah satu Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata Nasional (KSPN) di Indonesia yang sedang dikembangkan. Keunggulan dari pariwisata di Karimunjawa adalah daya tarik wisata alamnya yang berupa wisata bahari, ekowisata, dan wisata petualangan. Potensi kekayaan bahari di Karimunjawa yang tidak kalah menarik salah satunya berupa peninggalan budaya bawah air. Tempat tenggelamnya kapal dan peninggalan bawah air yang berada di Karimunjawa membuat situs-situs ini berpotensi menjadi alternatif tujuan wisata bawah air khususnya daya tarik wisata minat khusus. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan profil produk wisata situs-situs bawah air di Karimunjawa. Secara administratif penelitian ini akan difokuskan berdasarkan batas geografis dari situs-situs bawah air yang berada di Perairan Pulau Karimunjawa (Situs Kapal Genteng dan Kapal Indonoor) dan Perairan Pulau Genting (Situs Seruni dan Situs Genting). Penelitian ini akan mengunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Pengamatan fisik akan dilakukan pada produk wisata (atraksi, aksesibilitas, akomodasi, fasilitas, service) serta lingkungan pada kawasan situs-situs peninggalan bawah air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa situs-situs bawah air di Perairan Karimunjawa yang dapat dikembangkan sebagai daya tarik wisata minat khusus adalah Situs Kapal Indonoor dan Situs Kapal Genteng. Sedangkan untuk Situs Seruni dan Situs Genting masih harus dilakukan studi lebih lanjut karena dengan kondisi produk wisata saat ini kedua situs tersebut belum memungkinkan untuk dijadikan obyek wisata minat khusus.Kata-Kata Kunci: produk wisata, wisata minat khusus, situs bawah air, ANALYSIS OF TOURISM PRODUCTS OF UNDERWATER SITES AS ONE OF SPECIAL INTEREST TOURISM IN KARIMUNJAWA NATIONAL PARKKarimunjawa Islands are one of the National Tourism Strategic Areas in Indonesia and development of these areas are already underway. Sinking ships and underwater heritage in Karimunjawa make the sites in these areas a potential alternative to underwater tourist destinations, especially for special interest tourism. The purpose of this research is to explain the profile of tourism products underwater sites in Karimunjawa. The research focus was divided based on the geographical boundaries of the underwater sites in the waters of Karimunjawa Island (Genteng and Indonoor Shipwreck Sites) and the waters of Genting Island (Seruni and Genting Sites). This research used a qualitative descriptive method grounded in relevant theories. The physical observation was made on tourism products (attractions, accessibility, accommodation, facilities, and service) and the environment around the sites of underwater relics. Findings of the research suggest that underwater sites which are potential for development as special interest tourism objects are Genteng and Indonoor Shipwreck Sites. As for Seruni and Genting Sites, further research needs to be undertaken because considering the current condition of the tourism products; it does not seem feasible to make both of these sites special interest tourism objectsKeywords: tourism products, special interest tourism, underwater sites, Karimunjawa REFERENCESAdhityatama, S. (2012) Pemodelan Jalur Aktivitas Penyelaman Di Situs USAT Liberty, Tulamben, Bali : Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Arkeologi. Skripsi Sarjana. Departemen Arkeologi Fakultas Ilmu Budaya Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.Anonim. (2006). Pedoman Pengelolaan Peninggalan Bawah Air. Direktorat Peninggalan Bawah Air. Jakarta.Dillenia, I, et.al. (2010). Sumberdaya Arkeologi Laut Untuk Pengembangan Ekowisata Bahari di Indonesia : Tinjauan Konsep dan Studi Kasus. Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan VI ISOI 2009. Jakarta.Helmi, S. (2009). Potensi Peninggalan Arkeologi Bawah Air di Perairan Pulau Sumatera. Buletin Arkeologi Amoghapasa Edisi 13 Thn. XV/Juni 2009. 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One-fourth of all ankle trauma involve injury to the syndesmotic ankle complex, which may lead to syndesmotic instability and/or posttraumatic ankle osteoarthritis in the long term if left untreated. The diagnosis of these injuries still poses a deceitful challenge, as MRI scans lack physiologic weightbearing and plain weightbearing radiographs are subject to beam rotation and lack 3D information. Weightbearing cone-beam CT (WBCT) overcomes these challenges by imaging both ankles during bipedal stance, but ongoingdebate remains whether these should be taken under weightbearing conditions and/or during application of external rotation stress. The aim of this study is study therefore to compare both conditions in the assessment of syndesmotic ankle injuries using WBCT imaging combined with 3D measurement techniques.In this retrospective study, 21 patients with an acute ankle injury were analyzed using a WBCT. Patients with confirmed syndesmotic ligament injury on MRI were included, while fracture associated syndesmotic injuries were excluded. WBCT imaging was performed in weightbearing and combined weightbearing-external rotation. In the latter, the patient was asked to internally rotate the shin until pain (VAS>8/10) or a maximal range of motion was encountered. 3D models were developed from the CT slices, whereafter. The following 3D measurements were calculated using a custom-made Matlab® script; Anterior tibiofibular distance (AFTD), Alpha angle, posterior Tibiofibular distance (PFTD) and Talar rotation (TR) in comparison to the contralateral non-injured ankle.The difference in neutral-stressed Alpha angle and AFTD were significant between patients with a syndesmotic ankle lesion and contralateral control (P=0.046 and P=0.039, respectively). There was no significant difference in neutral-stressed PFTD and TR angle.Combined weightbearing-external rotation during CT scanning revealed an increased AFTD in patients with syndesmotic ligament injuries. Based on this study, application of external rotation during WBCT scans could enhance the diagnostic accuracy of subtle syndesmotic instability.

As one of the physical quantities concerned in agricultural production, soil moisture can effectively guide field irrigation and evaluate the distribution of water resources for crop growth in various regions. However, the spatial variability of soil moisture is dramatic, and its time series data are highly noisy, nonlinear, and nonstationary, and thus hard to predict accurately. In this study, taking Jiangsu Province in China as an example, the data of 70 meteorological and soil moisture automatic observation stations from 2014 to 2022 were used to establish prediction models of 0–10 cm soil relative humidity (RHs10cm) via the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. Before constructing the model, according to the measured soil physical characteristics, the soil moisture observation data were divided into three categories: sandy soil, loam soil, and clay soil. Based on the impacts of various factors on the soil water budget balance, 14 predictors were chosen for constructing the model, among which atmospheric and soil factors accounted for 10 and 4, respectively. Considering the differences in soil physical characteristics and the lagged effects of environmental impacts, the best influence times of the predictors for different soil types were determined through correlation analysis to improve the rationality of the model construction. To better evaluate the importance of soil factors, two sets of models (Model_soil&atmo and Model_atmo) were designed by taking soil factors as optional predictors put into the XGBoost model. Meanwhile, the contributions of predictors to the prediction results were analyzed with Shapley additive explanation (SHAP). Six prediction effect indicators, as well as a typical drought process that happened in 2022, were analyzed to evaluate the prediction accuracy. The results show that the time with the highest correlations between environmental predictors and RHs10cm varied but was similar between soil types. Among these predictors, the contribution rates of maximum air temperature (Tamax), cumulative precipitation (Psum), and air relative humidity (RHa) in atmospheric factors, which functioned as a critical factor affecting the variation in soil moisture, are relatively high in both models. In addition, adding soil factors could improve the accuracy of soil moisture prediction. To a certain extent, the XGBoost model performed better when compared with artificial neural networks (ANNs), random forests (RFs), and support vector machines (SVMs). The values of the correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), mean absolute relative error (MARE), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE), and accuracy (ACC) of Model_soil&atmo were 0.69, 11.11, 4.87, 0.12, 0.50, and 88%, respectively. This study verified that the XGBoost model is applicable to the prediction of soil moisture at the provincial level, as it could reasonably predict the development processes of the typical drought event.

Abstract Background: Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) are ectopic lymphoid follicles that arise in non-lymphoid tissue. TLS may contribute to response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in solid tumors, but understanding of the life cycle of these structures, particularly the circumstances of their resolution and the functional contribution of this stage to the adaptive immune response, remains incomplete. Methods: We employed a multi-omics approach to evaluate TLS in the tumors of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with neoadjuvant ICB (n = 19) and untreated controls (n = 14). TLS density was assessed by immunohistochemistry and correlated with pathologic response, relapse free survival, and overall survival. Imaging mass cytometry was used to characterize distinct TLS morphologies in areas of tumor regression bed and viable tumor. Individual TLS from treated tumors were microdissected and characterized by T cell receptor (TCR) and immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) sequencing, and TCR clonotypes identified in TLS were further characterized by comparison against matched single cell RNA and TCR sequencing of peripheral blood and TIL. Results: Intratumoral TLS density was significantly increased in HCC tumors treated with neoadjuvant ICB compared to untreated controls (p = 0.05). Tumors with major or complete pathologic response to treatment had significantly higher intratumoral TLS density compared to tumors with partial pathologic response (p = 0.000246) and non-response (p = 0.0129). In the treatment group, patients with tumors in the top tertile of intratumoral TLS density had significantly longer relapse free survival (p = 0.021 by log-rank test). In the regression bed of treated tumors, an involuted TLS morphology was identified which was notable for dispersion of the B cell germinal center, retention of a T cell zone enriched for T-DC interactions, and increased expression of markers of T cell memory. In a subset of patients, immune repertoire sequencing demonstrated increased TCRβ clonality and BCR somatic hypermutation at involuted TLS. Highly expanded T cell clonotypes identified in TLS were found in the GZMK+ and GZMB+ CD8 T effector memory clusters in matched single cell data. Conclusions: These data suggest that in HCC tumors treated with neoadjuvant ICB, treatment may induce formation of intratumoral TLS, which are associated with superior pathologic response and relapse free survival. An involuted TLS morphology is identified in tumor regression bed with features consistent with dissolution of the B cell germinal center, persistent antigen presentation to T cells, and increased T cell memory formation. Taken together, these findings suggest a potential role for late-stage TLS in supporting consolidation of the intratumoral T cell repertoire after elimination of viable tumor. Citation Format: Daniel H. Shu, Won Jin Ho, Luciane T. Kagohara, Alexander Girgis, Sarah M. Shin, Ludmila Danilova, Jae W. Lee, Dimitrios N. N. Sidiropoulos, Sarah Mitchell, Kabeer Munjal, Kathryn Howe, Kayla J. Bendinelli, Hanfei Qi, Guanglan Mo, Janelle Montagne, Tamara Y. Lopez-Vidal, Qingfeng Zhu, Amanda L. Huff, Xuan Yuan, Alexei Hernandez, Erin M. Coyne, Neeha Zaidi, Daniel J. Zabransky, Logan L. Engle, Aleksandra Ogurtsova, Marina Baretti, Daniel Laheru, Jennifer N. Durham, Hao Wang, Robert Anders, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Elana J. Fertig, Mark Yarchoan. Identification of a novel morphology of tertiary lymphoid structure in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2661.

Background:Methotrexate (MTX) is the first-line therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The concentrations of MTX-polyglutamates (PG) in erythrocytes, an active form of MTX, are useful markers for the optimal usage of MTX in patients with RA. The concentrations of MTX-PG have been reported to be different between Japanese and Caucasians. However, the difference among Asian ethnicity remains unclear.Objectives:To examine MTX-PG concentrations in association with MTX dose during the first 24 weeks after the initiation of MTX for newly diagnosed RA patients in Japan, Korea and Taiwan.Methods:MIRACLE study is a multicenter, open-label, randomized, 48 weeks interventional study conducted in Japan, Korea and Taiwan to evaluate non-inferiority of low dose to high dose of MTX as an add-on therapy to adalimumab in 300 patients with RA who do not achieve remission after 24 weeks MTX monotherapy in stipulated dosage. In the first 24 weeks, MTX was started at 6 to 8 mg/week for newly diagnosed RA patients, and promptly escalated to the maximum tolerable dose in 12 weeks in principle. This interim data evaluation was intended to investigate the differences among countries in the relationship between MTX dose, safety and MTX-PG concentrations in erythrocytes during the first 24 weeks. The efficacy of the treatment is not included at this point.Results:A total of 166 patients (106 in Japan, 35 in Korea, 25 in Taiwan) were included in this interim data. The age at treatment initiation was 57.2 years old on average and female was 79.5%. The time course changes in total and individual MTX-PG levels differed in the three countries. At 24 weeks, whereas the mean total MTX-PG concentrations were comparable (112.9 nmol/L in Japan, 104.4 nmol/L in Korea, and 115.7 nmol/L in Taiwan) with a dose of MTX of 12.3 mg/week, 14.1 mg/week, and 12.2 mg/week, respectively, the individual MTX-PG concentrations were different. The MTX-PG1 and MTX-PG2 concentrations were lower in Korea than Japan and Taiwan whereas MTX-PG3, MTX-PG4 and MTX-PG5 concentrations were the highest in Korea.Conclusion:The distribution of short-chain and long-chain MTX-PG concentrations were various among Asian countries despite similar dose of MTX administration: NCT03505008.Disclosure of Interests:Hiroya Tamai: None declared, Yuko Kaneko Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol–Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Hisamitsu, Jansen, Kissei, Kirin, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda, Tanabe-Mitsubishi, and UCB., Grant/research support from: Sanofi, Hideto Kameda Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Eisai, Masataka Kuwana Speakers bureau: Astellas, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, Janssen, Mochida, Nippon Shinyaku, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Pfizer, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Consultant of: Corbus, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, MBL, Nippon Shinyaku, Ono Pharmaceuticals, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Yutaka Okano: None declared, Tomonori Ishii Speakers bureau: Chugai, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Glaxo Smith Kline, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Janssen, AbbVie, Eisai, Astellas, Kei Ikeda Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Eisai, BMS, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Hiroaki Taguchi: None declared, Shinji Sato: None declared, Toshiaki Miyamoto: None declared, Shintaro Hirata Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Glaxo Smith Kline, Kissei, Pfizer, Sanofi, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, UCB, Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Consultant of: AbbVie, Eisai, Gilead, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Chugai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, UCB, Hidekata Yasuoka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei Pharma, Astellas, Daiichi- Sankyo, Eisai, Kissei, Takeda, Mitsubishi- Tanabe, Chugai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Janssen, Sanofi, Teijin, Boehringer- Ingelheim, Bayer, Glaxo Smith Kline, Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Takeda, Daiichi-Sankyo, Chugai, Bristol-Myers, MSD, Astellas, Toshihisa Kojima Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Pfizer, Eisai, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Sung-Hwan Park: None declared, Kichul Shin: None declared, Han Joo Baek: None declared, Yun Jong Lee Grant/research support from: research fund, In Ah Choi Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Eizai, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, Eizai, Jinhyun Kim: None declared, Ping-Ning Hsu: None declared, Chang-Fu Kuo: None declared, Chun-Ming Huang Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Pfizer, Meng-Yu Weng Consultant of: AbbVie, Wan-Yu Sung: None declared, Wen-Chan Tsai: None declared, Tien-Tsai Cheng Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Takehiro Taninaga Shareholder of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Masahiko Mori Shareholder of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Hideaki Miyagishi Employee of: Eisai Co., Ltd., Yasunori Sato: None declared, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: Astellas, Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, Ayumi, Eisai, GlaxoSmithKline, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Chugai, Novartis, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, UCB, TaishoToyama, Sanofi–Aventis, Nipponkayaku, Taiho, Gilead, Boehringer Ingelheim, Grant/research support from: Asahikasei, Astellas, Abbvie, Daiichi Sankyo, Ayumi, Eisai, Takeda, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Chugai, Eli Lilly, UCB, Sanofi–Aventis, Nipponkayaku, Boehringer Ingelheim

BackgroundConcentrations of methotrexate polyglutamates (MTX-PGs) in erythrocytes have been reported to be associated with efficacy and safety in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with MTX. However, little is known about the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of MTX-PG concentrations and their relationship with disease control and adverse effects in patients treated with MTX and a tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi), especially in patients whose MTX dose is reduced at TNFi initiation.ObjectivesTo clarify the association between the concentrations of MTX-PGs with efficacy and safety of treatment in patients with RA treated with low dose MTX and high dose MTX in combination with adalimumab, a TNFi.MethodsThe MIRACLE study (NCT03505008) was a multinational, randomized study in patients with RA with inadequate response to MTX. Three hundred MTX-naive patients were enrolled in the study and started and increased MTX to the maximum tolerable dose. Patients who did not achieve remission according to simplified disease activity index (SDAI) at week 24 were randomised to the maximum tolerable dose group or the reduced dose group and started subcutaneous adalimumab 40 mg every other week. We measured the concentrations of MTX-PGs in erythrocytes with liquid chromatograph mass spectrometry at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, and 48 and analysed the association between the concentration of MTX-PGs with the efficacy and safety of adalimumab.ResultsThe previously reported results of the MIRACLE trial showed that the efficacy of adalimumab with reduced dose of concomitant MTX was not inferior to that with maximum tolerable dose of MTX (remission rates at week 48: 44.8 % vs 38.4 %, respectively) with better safety profile (adverse events: 19.7% vs 35.3%, respectively). In the maximum tolerable dose group, MTX dose was 13.5± 3.2 mg/week (0.24± 0.1 mg/kg/week) at week 24 and maintained the dose through 48 weeks. In the reduced dose group, MTX dose was reduced from 12.6± 3.1 mg/week (0.23± 0.1 mg/kg/week) to 7.6± 0.5 mg/week (0.14± 0.0 mg/kg/week) at week 24. The concentration of total MTX-PGs in the maximum tolerable dose group was 109.5± 36.7 nmol/L, 99.9± 40.1 nmol/L, and 96.4± 38.3 nmol/L at weeks 24, 36, and 48, respectively. In the reduced dose group, total MTX-PGs concentration was decreased from 113.5± 55.3 nmol/L at week 24 to 80.7± 53.1 nmol/L at week 36 and 68.9± 54.4 nmol/L at week 48 (Figure 1). The decrease in individual MTX-PG levels were more prominent in long and very long chain MTX-PGs compared with short chains; MTX-PG 1-2, 59.0± 44.7 nmol/L at week 24 to 48.9± 43.8 nmol/L at week 36; MTX PG 3-5, 54.5± 28.8 nmol/L at week 24 to 31.8± 18.7 nmol/L at week 36. In both groups, MTX-PG concentrations at week 48 were not different between patients who achieved SDAI remission and those who did not (95.1 nmol/L vs 98.6 nmol/L in the maximum tolerable dose group, p=0.743; 64.3 nmol/L vs 72.9 nmol/L in the reduced dose group, p=0.556, respectively). On the other hand, patients n the reduced dose group who experienced adverse events after week 24 tended to have higher concentartion of total MTX-PGs than those who did not (140.3 nmol/L vs 106.9 nmol/L at week 24, p=0.050; 97.3 nmol/L vs 63.0 nmol/L at week 48, p=0.069, respectively).ConclusionThe MIRACLE randomised study demonstrated that total MTX-PG concentrations were not relevant for SDAI remission achievement by combined treatment with methotrexate and adalimumab while patients who experienced adverse events were exposed to higher MTX-PG concentrations.Figure 1.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsHiroya Tamai Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eisai, Grant/research support from: Eisai, Kei Ikeda Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Suibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Gilead, UCB, Grant/research support from: Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Toshiaki Miyamoto Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Kirin, Pfizer, UCB, Hiroaki Taguchi: None declared, Chang-Fu Kuo: None declared, Kichul Shin Consultant of: KD Bio, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Yuhan, Shintaro Hirata Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Astellas, Ayumi, Bristol Myers Squibb, Celgene, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Glaxo SmithKline, Janssen, Kyorin, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, UCB, Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Consultant of: AbbVie, Astellas, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eisai, Gilead, Eli Lilly, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi-Kasei, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Otsuka, Pfizer, Sanofi, Shionogi, UCB, yutaka okano: None declared, Shinji Sato Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Ayumi, Chugai, Diichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Teijin, Pfizer, Hidekata Yasuoka Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Gilead, Janssen, Nippon shinyaku, Grant/research support from: Asahi Kasei, Chugai, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Taisho, In Ah Choi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Eisai, Sung-Hwan Park: None declared, Meng-Yu Weng Paid instructor for: Novartis, Eli Lilly, Chugai, AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Masataka Kuwana Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Nippon Shinyaku, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Consultant of: Boehringer Ingelheim, Kissei, Mochida, Grant/research support from: Boehringer Ingelheim, Ono, MBL, Yun Jong Lee Grant/research support from: Yuhan, Tomonori Ishii Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Suibb, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Glaxo Smith Kline, Janssen, Novartis, Pfizer, Jinhyun Kim: None declared, Hideto Kameda Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer, Bristol-Myers, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Boehringer, Chugai, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Taisho, Toshihisa Kojima Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Pfizer, Taisho, UCB, Han Joo Baek: None declared, Ping-Ning Hsu: None declared, Chun-Ming Huang Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Pfizer, Tien-Tsai Cheng Paid instructor for: AbbVie, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Wan-Yu Sung: None declared, Wen-Chan Tsai: None declared, Takehiro Taninaga Shareholder of: Eisai, Employee of: Eisai, Masahiko Mori Shareholder of: Eisai, Employee of: Eisai, Hideaki Miyagishi Shareholder of: Eisai, Employee of: Eisai, Yasunori Sato Speakers bureau: Eisai, Kowa, Consultant of: Mochida, Tsutomu Takeuchi Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi-Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Pfizer, Consultant of: AbbVie, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Ayumi, Chugai, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Ono, Yuko Kaneko Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Asahi Kasei, Astellas, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gilead, Janssen, Mitsubishi-Tanabe, Novartis, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: AbbVie,Asahi Kasei, Ayumi, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Eisai, Mitsubishi-Tanabe.

Category: Sports; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Syndesmotic ankle injuries are present in one-fourth of all ankle trauma and may lead to syndesmotic instability or posttraumatic ankle osteoarthirtis on the long term. At present, they continue to impose a diagnostic dilemma our clinical practice. While magnetic resonance imaging lacks application of load to the ankle joint, plain weightbearing radiographs are skewed by superposition of the osseous structures. The recent advent of weightbearing cone-beam CT (WBCT) overcomes these drawbacks by imaging both ankles during bipedal stance. However, it remains debated whether syndesmotic ankle injuries should be imaged under weightbearing conditions and/or during application of external rotation. Therefore, we aimed to implement both weightbearing and external rotation in the assessment of syndesmotic ankle injuries using WBCT imaging combined with 3D measurement techniques. Methods: In this retrospective study, patients with an acute syndesmotic ankle injury were analyzed using a WBCT (N= 21; Age= 31.64±14.07 years old). Inclusion criteria were an MRI confirmed syndesmotic ligament injury imaged by a WBCT of the ankle during weightbearing and combined weightbearing-external rotation. Exclusion criteria consisted of fracture associated syndesmotic injuries. For the external rotation protocol, the patient was asked to internally rotate the shin while ensuring that the foot remained firmly plantigrade until pain (Visual Analogue Scale > 8/10) or a maximal range of motion was reached. 3D models were generated from the CT slices. Tibiofibular displacement and Talar Rotation were quantified by automated 3D measurements using a custom-made Matlab® script; Anterior Tibiofibular distance (ATFD), Alpha angle, posterior Tibiofibular distance (PTFD) and Talar rotation (TR) angle in comparison to the contralateral non-injured ankle. Results: The difference in neutral-stressed Alpha angle and ATFD showed a significant difference between patients with a syndesmotic ankle lesion and contralateral control (P = 0.046 and P = 0.039, respectively). The difference in neutral-stressed PTFD and TR angle did not show a significant difference between patients with a syndesmotic ankle lesion and healthy ankles (P = 0.492; P = 0.152, respectively). Conclusion: Application of combined weightbearing-external rotation reveals an increased ATFD in patients with syndesmotic ligament injuries (Figure 1). This study provides the first insights based on 3D measurements to support the potential relevance of applying external rotation during WBCT imaging. In clinical practice, this could enhance the current diagnostic accuracy of subtle syndesmotic instability in a non-invasive manner. However, future studies are required to determine cut-off values that may indicate the amount of displacement that might lead to chronic instability and require a certain type of treatment strategy.

Diabetes Mellitus has been becoming a disease of the century, and disease incidence is still rising worldwide. It causes many serious complications, especially in the eye, heart, kidneys, brain, and vascular system, such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, liver fa­ilure, etc. Moreover, the process of controlling this disease is complicated. Meanwhile, the antidiabetic drugs on the market are facing some problems with a wide range of adverse reactions. Therefore, finding new drugs to treat diabetes has always been a topic that many researchers are interested in, especially drugs derived from nature like microorganisms and medicinal plants. This review is to provide knowledge concerning the effects of α-glucosidase inhibitors, which are oral antidiabetic drugs commonly used for diabetes mellitus type 2. 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