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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Sweden – History – 18th century »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Jensen, Ola W. « Earthy Practice : Towards a History of Excavation in Sweden, in the 17th and 18th centuries ». Current Swedish Archaeology 12, n^o 1 (10 juin 2021) : 61–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37718/csa.2004.04.

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Excavation as a practice is commonly perceived as an outcome of the development of archaeology as a discipline during the 19th century. In line with this argument, earlier antiquarians, such as Olof Rudbeck and Olof Verelius, were exceptions. In this paper, the author stresses that excavation as a method was established in the late 17th century, only to become a natural practice in the next century. Issues that are ventilated are the circumstances behind this methodological introduction and its characteristics.

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Lähteenmäki, Maria. « Scholars discover local history : the case of northeast Lapland in the 18th century ». Polar Record 48, n^o 3 (15 décembre 2011) : 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247411000738.

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ABSTRACTThe academic study of local and regional history in Sweden took on a quite new form and significance in the 18th century. Humiliating defeats in wars had brought the kingdom's period of greatness to an end and forced the crown to re-evaluate the country's position and image and reconsider the internal questions of economic efficiency and settlement. One aspect in this was more effective economic and political control over the peripheral parts of the realm, which meant that also the distant region of Kemi Lapland, bordering on Russia, became an object of systematic government interest. The practical local documentation of this area took the form of dissertations prepared by students native to the area under the supervision of well known professors, reports sent back by local ministers and newspaper articles. The people responsible for communicating this information may be said to have functioned as ‘mimic men’ in the terminology of H.K. Bhabha. This supervised gathering and publication of local information created the foundation for the nationalist ideology and interest in ordinary people and local cultures that emerged at the end of the century and flourished during the 19th century.

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Wolff, Charlotta. « ARISTOCRATIC REPUBLICANISM AND THE HATE OF SOVEREIGNTY IN 18TH‐CENTURY SWEDEN1 ». Scandinavian Journal of History 32, n^o 4 (décembre 2007) : 358–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468750701659392.

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Räihä, Antti. « Lutheran Clergy in an Orthodox Empire. The Apppointment of Pastors in the Russo-Swedish Borderland in the 18th Century ». Perichoresis 13, n^o 2 (1 octobre 2015) : 57–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/perc-2015-0010.

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Abstract The history of the parishioners’ right to participate in and influence the choice of local clergy in Sweden and Finland can be taken back as far as the late Medieval Times. The procedures for electing clergymen are described in historiography as a specifically Nordic feature and as creating the basis of local self-government. In this article the features of local self-government are studied in a context where the scope for action was being modified. The focus is on the parishioners’ possibilities and willingness to influence the appointment of pastors in the Lutheran parishes of the Russo-Swedish borderlands in the 18th century. At the same time, this article will offer the first comprehensive presentation of the procedures for electing pastors in the Consistory District of Fredrikshamn. The Treaty of Åbo, concluded between Sweden and Russia in 1743, ensured that the existing Swedish law, including the canon law of 1686, together with the old Swedish privileges and statutes, as well as the freedom to practise the Lutheran religion, remained in force in the area annexed into Russia. By analysing the actual process of appointing pastors, it is possible to discuss both the development of the local political culture and the interaction between the central power and the local society in the late Early Modern era.

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Marcks, Carmen. « Die Büste eines Afrikaners aus der Sammlung Piranesi in Stockholm ». Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome 1 (novembre 2008) : 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-01-13.

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A portrait bust of an African placed among the antiquities in the Royal Museum at Stockholm once belonged to the Roman artist Giovanni Battista Piranesi. It was brought to Sweden at the end of the 18th century at the instance of King Gustav III. The head is a work of the middle or second half of the 16th century. It belongs to a specific, local, Roman form of Mannerist portraits, which have in common a remarkable affinity to antique imperial portrait busts. While the head is an eclectic work combining an idealized countenance—a contemporary peculiarity of portrait art—with antique usages of portrayal, the bust itself seems to be a work that stands directly in the tradition of cinquecentesque Venetian busts. Obviously head and bust were not originally created as an ensemble.

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Niklasson, Mats, Igor Drobyshev et Tomasz Zielonka. « A 400-year history of fires on lake islands in south-east Sweden ». International Journal of Wildland Fire 19, n^o 8 (2010) : 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf09117.

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Island-lake ecosystems are suitable for testing scale dependence in forests disturbance theories thanks to differences in the potential for fire spread on islands and the mainland. We investigated past fire regime on the mainland and on islands in a large lake in south-east Sweden. We used dendrochronological methods to reconstruct fire disturbances on 18 small islands (0.04–24.1 ha) and in 43 sites in the surrounding 75-km2 landscape over the last 400 years. In the past, fires were frequent on both islands and mainland but not synchronised on an annual scale. Significant temporal changes occurred around the middle of the 18th century. Before 1750, fires were less frequent on islands than on the mainland (median fire return interval 58 v. 25 years respectively). However, an inversion of this pattern was observed during 1750–1860: islands showed even shorter fire intervals than mainland locations, suggesting additional and likely human-related source of ignitions (median fire return interval 15 v. 29 years respectively). A substantial decrease in fire activity in both islands and mainland was apparent in 1860–1890. We suggest that the present fire regime (the last 100 years) on the small islands is largely natural as fire suppression is not present there. The dynamic nature of the fire regime on islands still requires further studies: islands may, at times, attract lightning, humans with fire, or both.

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Maiatskii, Dmitry I. « Northern and Western Europe in “Illustrated Tributaries of the Qing Empire” ». Oriental Studies 19, n^o 4 (2020) : 81–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2020-19-4-81-93.

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This paper explores features of the visual images and descriptions of the inhabitants of four European states (Sweden, Great Britain, the Netherlands and Switzerland), found in “Huang Qing Zhi Gong Tu” (“Tributaries of the ruling Qing dynasty”) – a Chinese historical and ethnographic book compiled by Fu Heng in the middle of the 18th century. The book is stored in the collection of rare Oriental books at St. Petersburg State University. Eight xylographic illustrations of the inhabitants of the European states are selected and analyzed. The attached explanatory texts are also translated. They contain information about the geographical location of the countries mentioned, as well as the history of their contacts with China and some notes about the inhabitants of these countries, including an anthropological portrait, a description of costumes, customs, occupations and so on. The interpretation is carried out in accordance with the principles of scientific translation used by academician Vasiliy M. Alekseev (1881–1951). In case of need the translations are supplemented with textological, historiographic and culturological commentaries. An analysis of the drawings and texts aids in recreating the picture of the perception by the Chinese of the mid-18th century of the four European states. The archaic names of countries and peoples used by compilers are analyzed. Misconceptions and stereotypes of Chinese compilers are revealed. Attempts are being made to explain their possible origins. The author of the paper found out that the compilers sometimes relied upon a method of explanation of the phenomena unknown to the Chinese by rethinking similar facts from the history and culture of China.

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AGEEVA, Olga. « THE PEACE OF NYSTAD AND RUSSIA’S IMPERIAL STATUS ». Perspectives and prospects. E-journal, n^o 4 (27) (2021) : 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32726/2411-3417-2021-4-49-62.

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The beginning of the 18th century was marked for Russia by a protracted war with Sweden, which lasted 21 years and ended with the signing of peace in Nystad on August 30, 1721. The article tells a documented story of the celebration of the Russian victory in the Great Northern War and the ceremony of presenting Peter I with the title of the Emperor of All Russia. The author also traces history of international recognition of the imperial title for Russian Tsars and imperial status for their land, which required diplomatic efforts and took several decades. This story clearly demonstrates the predominant understanding of the imperial status in the worldview of the epoch as a sign of a state’s place in the European hierarchy of powers rather than other characteristics of the imperial type of rule.

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Lozhkin, Eugeny. « The influence of Swedish Constitutionalism on the Russian policy of the "Northernism&quot ; of the late XVIII century ». Polylogos 6, n^o 4 (22) (2022) : 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s258770110021683-3.

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In this article the author proposes a new approach to understanding the period of the reign of the Emperor Paul I. The author draws parallels between the history of Russian and Swedish constitutionalism of the second half of the XVIII century, and argues for the typological similarity of the "Gustavian era" in Sweden and the reign period of the Paul I in Russia. At the same time, the politics of Paul I was based on the identification model of Russian “northernism” prevailing in the last third of the 18th century, within which the special role of Russia in the region of northern Europe was designated. Giving the necessary historical and political context, the author reconstructs the internal logic of the evolution of the political worldview of Paul I, who consistently developed from a constitutional to an absolute monarchy. It is suggested that solving of the problematic notion of Paul as a liberal and enlightened heir apparent and, at the same time, a despotic autocrat, can be interpreted within the framework of the transition from «enlightened absolutism» to «enlightened despotism».

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ØSTERGÅRD, UFFE. « The history of Europe seen from the North ». European Review 14, n^o 2 (12 avril 2006) : 281–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798706000263.

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The Nordic or Scandinavian countries represent variations on general European patterns of state and nation-building and political culture. Denmark and Sweden rank among the oldest and most typical of nation-states together with France, Britain and Spain and should be studied with the same questions in mind. Today, however, a sort of trans-state common Nordic identity coexists with independent national identifications among the Scandinavians. Nordic unity is regarded as a viable alternative to European culture and integration by large numbers of the populations. There has never existed a ‘Scandinavian model’ worthy of the name ‘model’. Because of a series of changes in great power politics in the 18th and 19th centuries, the major conflicts in Europe were relocated away from Northern Europe. This resulted in a virtual ‘neutralization’ of the Scandinavian countries north of the Baltic Sea. Today, the much promoted ‘Nordic identity’ reveals itself only through the nation-states. The ‘Association for Nordic Unity’ (Foreningerne Norden) was set up in 1919 only after all five Nordic countries had achieved independent nationhood: Norway in 1905, Finland in 1917, and Iceland in 1918 (the latter only as home rule to be followed by independence in 1944). The very different roads to independent nationhood among the Nordic countries and the idea of a common Nordic identity can be traced back to its beginnings in the 19th century

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Thèses sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Sörlin, Per. « Trolldoms- och vidskepelseprocesserna i Göta hovrätt 1635-1754 ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Historiska studier, 1993. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-65857.

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Extensive witchcraft trials took place in Sweden between the years 1668 and 1676. Approximately three hundred individuals were executed during a period of very few years. However, far more common were trials of a more modest nature, concerning minor magic and malevolent witchcraft without aspects of diabolism. The present dissertation deals with these minor cases, which have previously attracted very little academic interest. The source material for this study comprises 353 cases (involving 880 individuals), submitted to the Göta Royal Superior Court by informants during the period 1635-1754. The area of jurisdiction covered by the Göta Royal Superior Court embraced the southernmost areas of Sweden. This study discusses witchcraft and magic trials from three perspectives: 1. The elite perspective (the acculturation model); 2. The functionalistic conflict perspective; and 3. The systems-oriented perspective of popular magic. Ideologically and religiously coloured perceptions of magic became more pervasive at the same time as the number of trials increased. This was caused by central administrative measures, which broadened the opportunities for pursuing cases on the local level. However, the increased influence of the dite cannot be characterized as a conquest of folk culture by the elite. It is more adequate to speak of a movement of repression, originating in a state become all the more civilized. Death sentences were few and far between and most of the cases concerned minor magic. There existed no independent popular level such as emerges in the reports from the proceedings of the trials. People clearly differentiated between different types of malevolent witchcraft when standing before the courts. They were more likely to go directly to trial when the signs preceding their misfortunes hinted at magical activity (viewed as sorcery), than they were when suspicions against witches were based on threats made in conflict situations. Witchcraft which had its basis in conflict situations appears to have been more dependent upon first receiving encouragement in the form of obliging courts, before people would take their cases to trial. This has created a pattern which ostensibly makes it seem that the level of social tensions was low, so that people therefore appeared indifferent toward malevolent witchcraft. Just as illusory is the competing image of an uninfluenced popular perception of witchcraft which actually emerges in the Göta Royal Superior Court. However, this does not mean that the actions of individuals was characterized by an assimilation of the values of the dominant culture. Receptivity to the signals of the elite was certainly clear, but at the same time the responses indicate a great deal of independence. Popular participation in witchcraft trials took place without any prerequisite profound cultural transformations.
digitalisering@umu

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Holmberg, Jan G. « Orangerier : orangerier vid vallonbruk i Uppland ». Doctoral thesis, KTH, Arkitektur, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9977.

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The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyse the reception and development of the orangery in the county of Uppland, Sweden, during the 18th century. A main obstacle for the gardeners and their governors must have been the local climate in Uppland, a county at the south border of Norrland, the very north part of Sweden. The local climate during the 18th century in Uppland was rather cold with yearly temperature averages well under the “normal” during Baroque and Renaissance time. Two questions are discussed in the thesis. First question is: could the orangery buildings serve the purpose to protect fruit-trees from the harsh climate in Uppland i.e. had the orangeries built during the 18th century in Uppland at Walloon furnaces the expected capability to allow Asian fruit-trees like Citrus to pass the winter? The second question is: were the gardeners capable to force citrus blossoms to fruit? The study is based on sources of different kinds, such as gardening accounts from Walloon furnaces, contracts of service, inventories, wage bills, estate inventories, gardening manuals, horticultural handbooks and travelogues. To be able to go more closely into the matter I have done simulations of some orangery buildings thermal behaviour by using a building performance simulation software called IDA. The answer to the first question is that the orangeries served their purpose, at all events during normal winters. But during extreme winters the citrus trees must have been damaged. And the problems with importing rare Asian fruit-trees via the Netherlands, Portugal and Italy were overwhelming. The ambitions to acclimatize the trees to the harsh climate north of Stockholm, at the borderline to the north part of Sweden, were admirable. The whole idea of creating gardens of central European style and to build and maintain orangeries at high costs in the severe climate of county Uppland must have been a central European idea of lifestyle, or more likely the pleasure of the governers own satisfaction. The answer to the second question in the thesis is that I have not found any proof for production, even in a very small scale, of any citrus fruits in orangeries at Walloon furnaces in Uppland during the 18th century.
QC 20100714

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Kvist, Roger. « Rennomadismens dilemma : det rennomadiska samhällets förändring i Tuorpon och Sirkas 1760-1860 ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Historiska studier, 1989. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-100709.

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The areas of study for this dissertation are the Turopon and Sirkas lappbyar (communities) in the parish of Jokkmokk during the period 1760—1860. The starting point for discussion is a decrease in population through migration to Norway, from 667 inhabitants in 1781, to 353 in 1868. The primary cause was the ecological instability of reindeer herding with recurring crises caused by poor grazing, adverse snow conditions, epizootics, and predators. The stability in reindeer herding is finally determined by the numbers of grazing animals and the carrying capacities of the pastures. A disturbance in the balance between people and animals could occur if competition from the settlers limited available pastures, or the government through taxes appropriated so much of the surplus that the subsistence level was markedly increased. A closer examination reveals, however, that no outside influences can be indicated as being responsible for the population decline. Attention must thus be directed toward the inner social processes of this pastoralist society. While the reindeer herding population diminished, the total number of reindeer remained on a relatively constant level. The resulting process of accumulation consolidated the reindeer into the hands of fewer owners. While these conclusions indicate an economically differentiated society, the marriage pattern shows that the social distance between the economic groupings was very small. By promoting economic differentiation, trade had an important potential as agent of social stratification. This potential was, however, not fully realized. The equalizing factors were stronger than the differentiating forces.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 1989, härtill 5 uppsatser

digitalisering@umu

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Jonsson, Alexander. « De norrländska landshövdingarna och statsbildningen 1634-1769 ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Historical Studies, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-536.

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The thesis studies the county governors of northern Sweden during the period 1634–1769, altogether 41 men, and their part in the ongoing state formation process during the early modern period. The office of county governor was established in the constitution of 1634 and played an integral part in the modernisation of the local and regional administration of the Swedish realm. The governors’ primary tasks were to monitor the bailiffs and other civil servants and to protect the interests of the Crown. Another task was to maintain the communication between the King and the subjects. The Crown wished to increase its control over the political, economic, ideological and military spheres of society, in the pursuit of greater revenues and more conscripts to army, among other things. Special interest is paid to four different aspects of the governors and their work.

A study of the governors’ conception of their position and duties of the office shows that their valuation of the office varied with the individual office-holder’s personal status and situation. Many governors uttered sentiments reminiscent of a patrimonial administration, although the system de jure showed many bureaucratic characteristics.

At the county council, a former arena of regional self-government, the governors met and interacted with the subjects and announced decrees from the Crown. The county council was an important forum for regional administration and interaction, although it was not sanctioned in law, and therefore held at an ad hoc basis.

The daily work of the governors varied with the changing times and conditions of the region and the realm as a whole. In times of war, military matters were predominant in the governor’s correspondence with the King. But the daily administrative work on the regional and local level was never dominated by military issues. All different aspects of society had to be kept in working order, whether the realm was at war or not. The supplications that were sent from the subjects to the governor also always had a good chance of being granted. This was an important tool for legitimating the prevailing social order. The rulers of the realm thereby presented themselves as benign and ready to attend to the subjects’ needs.

A few governors of northern Sweden were subjected to the investigations of royal commissions, but none of the them were deposed by such commissions. The investigations were caused by complaints from other civil servants, military officers and also from the populace. The accusations pertained to abuse and neglect of office and violations of the rights of specific groups.

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Rundqvist, Annelie. « Av god Conduit : Privatlärare i Stockholm med omnejd 1793-1795 ». Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-136522.

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OF PROPER CONDUCT: PRIVATE TUTORS IN STOCKHOLM AND ITS ENVIRONS 1793–1795 This paper studies private tutors in Stockholm and its environs 1793-1795 by examining work advertisements written by said tutors. It is in part a continuation of a previous study of the education market in Stockholm 1798. It utilizes Yvonne Hirdman ’s gender theory and Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts of symbolic capital to analyze differences in what male and female tutors offered to teach, how they portrayed themselves and if any social groups could be ascertained. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used, where the quantitative method is partly influenced by the verb oriented-method from the Gender and Work (GaW) project and the qualitative method is influenced by hermeneutics. The study shows that most of the tutors were men, and of those men a majority were students, priests, educated men and officials. The female tutors did not use titles overall, but the subjects they offered to teach suggests most were in the mid- to upper mid layer of society. The French salon culture was dominating among the nobles at the end of the 18th century. This study argues that the salon culture was the cultural capital by which the tutors measured themselves. Because of their academic merits, men tended to use institutionalized cultural capital while women used only partly embodied cultural capital through their knowledge of the French language. Where men tended to use formal merits, women used a wider array of strategies. There were however a number of men who used strategies of weakness when faced with financial difficulties. Women taught mainly needlework and French, where female tutors offering to teach how to sew of clothes showed a shift from male professional tailors to female seamstresses. It is argued that Hirdman’s principle of segregation between men and women both affected the subjects the tutors were able to offer as well as the subjects they did offer.

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Rege, Adeline. « Les voyages en Europe de l’architecte Simon-Louis Du Ry : Suède, France, Hollande, Italie (1746-1777) ». Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040173.

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De 1746 à 1756, l’architecte allemand d’origine huguenote Simon-Louis Du Ry voyagea en Suède, en Hollande, en France et en Italie pour apprendre son métier. Il retourna en Italie de 1776 à 1777. Lors de ses périples, Simon-Louis Du Ry a entretenu une intense correspondance avec sa famille. Il a tenu un journal de son second tour d’Italie. Ces manuscrits sont une source très précieuse pour l’histoire de la mobilité des artistes à l’époque Moderne. L’objet de cette thèse est d’analyser et d’éditer les récits de voyage de Simon-Louis Du Ry. Nous considérons le voyage comme une pratique individuelle obéissant à des contraintes sociales et matérielles, et comme un mode de perception du monde, des autres, du savoir et de soi-même. L’enjeu est de prendre en compte le voyageur en tant qu’individu, mais aussi l’environnement dans lequel il organise ses déplacements. Après avoir décrit ces périples (itinéraires, modes de transport et d’hébergement, activités du voyageur…), nous les comparons aux modèles de voyage en vogue à l’époque qu’étaient le Grand Tour, le voyage savant, et le voyage artistique. Nous nous attachons aussi à étudier la manière dont Simon-Louis Du Ry a relaté ses pérégrinations, ainsi que l’influence que ces voyages eurent non seulement sur la carrière de cet architecte, mais aussi sur son milieu d’origine, c’est-à-dire le landgraviat de Hesse-Cassel au siècle des Lumières. L’édition critique des récits de voyage de Du Ry que nous proposons est accompagnée d’un apparat critique constitué de notes et de trois index : toponymique, biographique et thématique
From 1746 to 1756, Simon-Louis du Ry, the German architect with Huguenot roots, traveled to Sweden, Holland, France, and Italy to learn a trade. He returned to Italy from 1776 to 1777. During his travels, Simon-Louis du Ry maintained an intense correspondence with his family. He kept a diary of his second trip to Italy and these manuscripts are a very valuable source for the history of the mobility of artists in the Modern era. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse and edit Simon-Louis Du Ry’s travel writings. We consider travel an individual experience which is limited by material and social issues, and a way of understanding the world, others, knowledge and oneself. Our challenge is to take account of the traveler as a person, but also of the environment in which he organizes his travels. After describing these journeys (including routes, transport and accommodation, and traveler’s activities), we compare them with the travel patterns in vogue at that time: the Grand Tour, the scholar’s travel, and the artist’s travel. We aim to explore how Simon-Louis Du Ry has described his travels and the influence that his journeys have had, not only on his architectural career, but also on his cultural background, i.e. the landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel during the Enlightenment. The critical examination of Du Ry’s travel books that we offer is accompanied by a critical apparatus consisting of notes and of three indexes: geographical names, biographical names, and subjects

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Högberg, Tomas. « Ett stycke på väg : Naturaväghållning med lotter i Västmanlands län ca 1750–1850 ». Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Historiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-240632.

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The aim of this thesis is to analyse how the road allotment system functioned as an institution to mobilise resources and organise the provision of roads. Through this institution every peasant was made responsible for certain parts of a road. The analysis focuses on road repair and maintenance in the Swedish region of Västmanlands län c. 1750–1850. Previous research has described the allotment system as unfair, unprofessional and ineffective in providing a functioning road system and has contrasted it against modern road management based on cash taxes or fees, a central administrative body and professional engineers and workers. The results indicate that the allotment system under certain circumstances helped minimise administrative expenses for mobilising resources and organising work. Through the allotment system local resources throughout the area could be exploited and there was no need to convert tax revenue into output. When roads had been divided into parts it was not necessary to continually plan and manage work efforts, and through the quality inspections punishment could easily be enforced and road standards guaranteed. The allotment model also enabled peasants to perform road work at a convenient time and to make long-term improvements in their road parts. This was only possible when there were no ambiguities concerning limits and occupants of every road section, and a high degree of societal continuity, which was enabled by tying the obligation to homesteads through a constant taxation index. Without these preconditions there was a risk that a section of the road was not maintained at all, making it necessary to redistribute road parts, which was a complicated, time-consuming, and costly process. This was due to difficulties in making small adjustments without influencing all road parts within a large area. Furthermore, an equal distribution of road sections was hard to accomplish since traffic and natural conditions varied, and every part was at a different distance from the gravel pit and from the peasants’ farms. The possibility to mobilise resources within the allotment system was also restricted in time and by the availability of maintenance materials.
Det svenska vägnätets uppbyggnad 1750-1944

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Nordbäck, Carola. « Samvetets röst : Om mötet mellan luthersk ortodoxi och konservativ pietism i 1720-talets Sverige ». Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Historical Studies, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-265.

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This dissertation deals with the encounter between Lutheran orthodoxy and conservative pietism 1720–1730. The aim has been to compare their views on society and man.

In the pietistic conflict, orthodoxy gave rise to attitudes which proved to be key to its view on society and man. It was a deeply rooted traditionalism, patriarchal order of society, demand for confessional uniformity and a corporativistic view on society. The above mentioned contained a specific view on the relationship between the church, state and individual. By using the Organism Metaphor, i.e. society depicted as a body, orthodoxy made visible the church’s collective unity. This body was also identical to the Swedish kingdom. If uniformity in faith and ceremonies was to be dissolved, it implied a disintegration of the social body and breaking of the bonds which held together both church and country. Uniformity was upheld through confessionalism and the partiarchal order of the church. The priests’ monopoly on official functions, and the legal calling created a barrier protecting this relationship to power. Where the views on society and man intersected, one specific theme can be identified – conscience. This spiritual function connected man to law, society’s patriarchal order and God.

I have emphasised five distinct traits of pietism: its polarizing tendencies, strong emotionalism, its reformist attitude towards church and social life, its egalitarianism and religious individualism. All of these traits collided with orthodoxy’s view on society and man. Pietism can be described as a massive christianization project, which included moral and ethic education of the people on an individual and collective level. Where pietism and religious individualism coincided with egalitarianism, a new discourse for conscience was established, where conscience became both an internal court of law – with God acting as judge – and a spiritual authority whose integrity grew in proportion to authority and church.

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Macdonald, Simon James Stuart. « British communities in late eighteenth-century Paris ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609294.

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Riordan, Michael Benjamin. « Mysticism and prophecy in Scotland in the long eighteenth century ». Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709304.

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Livres sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Östman, Hans. Gustavian non-academic criticism 1772-1809. Stockholm : Almqvist & Wiksell International, 1999.

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Sköld, Peter. The two faces of smallpox : A disease and its prevention in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Sweden. Umeå : Demographic Data Base, Umeå University, 1996.

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Agents of the people : Democracy and popular sovereignty in British and Swedish parliamentary and public debates, 1734-1800. Leiden : Brill, 2010.

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Vorpommern nördlich der Peene unter dänischer Verwaltung 1715 bis 1721 : Aufbau einer Verwaltung und Herrschaftssicherung in einem eroberten Gebiet. München : R. Oldenbourg, 2008.

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Emanuel Swedenborg, secret agent on Earth and in heaven : Jacobites, Jews, and Freemasons in early modern Sweden. Leiden : Brill, 2011.

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Kalman, Bobbie. 18th century clothing. New York : Crabtree Pub. Co., 1993.

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Kalman, Bobbie. 18th century clothing. New York : Crabtree Pub. Co., 1993.

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Sweden in the seventeenth century. New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2004.

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18th century stone buildings. Reykjavík : Salka, 2013.

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The long 18th century. London : Arnold, 2004.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Lundh, Christer. « 9. Marriage and economic change in Sweden during the 18th and 19th century ». Dans Comparative Rural History of the North Sea Area, 217–41. Turnhout : Brepols Publishers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1484/m.corn-eb.4.00130.

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Miettinen, Riikka. « Constructing “Mad” Religious Experiences in Early Modern Sweden ». Dans Palgrave Studies in the History of Experience, 163–94. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92140-8_7.

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AbstractThis chapter discusses the process of constructing religious experiences as pathological and ‘mad’ in early modern Sweden, during an era of great religious plurality but also strict Lutheran orthodoxy. By using two case studies of envisioned angelic encounters from early 18th century as examples, it shows the participation of several actors and discursive authorities in shaping and negotiating personal spiritual experiences. Medicalization of deviant religious experiences was one way of controlling faith and upholding the discursive hegemony of the Swedish Lutheran state Church over religion. The focus is on the process-nature of experiencing and the power dynamics in play in invalidating norm-breaching experiences.

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Oats, Joclyn M. « 18th century ». Dans An Illustrated Guide to Furniture History, 214–37. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York : Routledge, 2021. : Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780367808297-11.

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Caffiero, Marina. « The Turning Point of the 18th Century ». Dans The History of the Jews in Early Modern Italy, 137–62. London : Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003188445-11.

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Jaecks, Duane H. « Developments in 18th Century Optics and Early Instrumentation ». Dans The History and Preservation of Chemical Instrumentation, 51–65. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4690-3_6.

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Carocci, C. F., V. Macca et C. Tocci. « The roots of the 18th century turning point in earthquake-resistant building ». Dans History of Construction Cultures, 623–30. London : CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003173434-185.

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McKendry, Eugene. « J.G. Sparwenfeldt and Celtic linguistics in seventeenth-century Sweden ». Dans Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 181. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.94.23mck.

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Seris, Jean-Pierre. « Mechanical Models and the Language Sciences in the 18th Century ». Dans Studies in the History of the Language Sciences, 45. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sihols.74.05ser.

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Chan, Eugene. « The general development of Chinese ophthalmology from its beginnings to the 18th century ». Dans History of Ophthalmology 1, 177–84. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1307-3_19.

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Franckowiak, Rémi. « Jean Hellot and 18th Century Chemistry at the Service of the State ». Dans History of Mechanism and Machine Science, 179–93. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9645-3_10.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Dima, Gabriela E. « PETER THE GREAT OF RUSSIA AND CHARLES XII OF SWEDEN IN THE 18TH CENTURY ROMANIAN TRANSLATIONS OF WESTERN EUROPEAN HISTORY BOOKS ». Dans 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b31/s10.049.

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Markovic, Ivancica. « AGRICULTURAL CHANGES IN SLAVONIA DURING 18TH CENTURY ». Dans SGEM 2014 Scientific SubConference on ANTHROPOLOGY, ARCHAEOLOGY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY. Stef92 Technology, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2014/b31/s10.055.

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Gluchman, Vasil. « ETHICS AND EDUCATION IN THE SLOVAK HISTORY OF THE 18TH CENTURY ». Dans 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. STEF92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/22/s09.062.

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Zhuravel, Olga D. « From the history of Russian journalism : rhetorical strategies of the 18th century Old Believer leader Andrei Denisov ». Dans Communication and Cultural Studies : History and Modernity. Novosibirsk State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1258-1-28-32.

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Stansfield, Billy, et William B. Ouimet. « HISTORY, MAPPING, AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF 18TH – 19TH CENTURY RELICT CHARCOAL HEARTHS IN EASTERN CONNECTICUT ». Dans 54th Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019ne-328410.

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Kurganov, Nikolai. « Restoration of a storeroom of pottery of the early 18th century from Novaya Ladoga ». Dans Field session of the Institute for History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences. Institute for the History of Material Culture Russian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31600/978-5-907053-11-3-2018-8-237-240.

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Sosnitsky, D. A. « Images of Russian history in popular art works of the second half of the 18th century ». Dans Current Challenges of Historical Studies : Young Scholars' Perspective. Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1110-2-318-327.

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Malysheva, Irina А. « The History of the Word in the Historical Dictionary ». Dans Lexicography of the digital age. TSU Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/978-5-907442-19-1-2021-109.

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The report discusses the problems of representing word history and the dynamics of lexical composition in a historical dictionary. Possibilities and different ways of showing fate are analyzed on the example of the Dictionary of 18th century Russian language. In the 18th century, there were active processes of development and changes in the vocabulary of the Russian language.

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Nakishova, M. T. « S. N. Shubinsky and the history of St. Petersburg in the first quarter of the 18th century ». Dans Current Challenges of Historical Studies : Young Scholars' Perspective. Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/978-5-4437-1110-2-28-35.

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Ryabov, S. M. « “Discourse on the overthrow of the king of Sweden” of Charles de Danzay : source on the history of the Baltic question 60-70 years of the XVI Century ». Dans VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0032.

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“Discourse on the overthrow of the king of Sweden” was written by the French diplomat resident in Copenhagen Charles de Danzay in 1568. It tells about the events of the overthrow of the Swedish monarch Eric XIV that occurred in the same 1568 by his brothers: Dukes Karl and Johan. Danzay in his “Discourse” gives estimates of the regime of Eric XIV. The work allows us to compare it with The Opritchnina regime of Ivan IV the terrible. The article also discusses the “Muscovite plot” related to the overthrow of Eric XIV: the so-called “the case of Katerina Jagiellonka”. In addition, the topic of Franch presence in the Baltic is briefly touched upon. In the article, the author comes to the conclusion that “Discourse” Danzay is a valuable source on the history of Sweden and Russia, the Baltic question in the XVI century Northern Seven years' war, which can shed light on many until today the dark questions.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Sweden – History – 18th century"

Kenes, Bulent. NMR : A Nordic neo-Nazi organization with aims of establishing totalitarian rule across Scandinavia. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), avril 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55271/op0008.

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Right-wing extremism and national socialism (Nazism) are not a new phenomenon in Sweden. White supremacists or neo-Nazis have a long history in the country. Nordic Resistance Movement (Nordiska motståndsrörelsen, NMR) rests on this century-long history of Swedish Nazi and Neonazi activism. Including racism, antisemitism, anti-immigration, and anti-globalisation stances with violent tendencies, NMR which aims to overthrow the democratic order in the Nordic region and establish a national socialist state, has become the primary force of white power in Sweden and other Nordic countries.

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