Bibliographies thématiques / Structural break analysi

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Structural break analysi »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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Czech, Katarzyna. « Structural Changes in Wheat Market ». Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 16, no 4 (31 décembre 2016) : 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2016.16.4.102.

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Time series analysis is based on the assumption of stationarity. Stationarity implies the parameters are constant over time. Structural break occurs when at least one of the parameters changes at some date. Structural breaks can lead to huge forecasting errors and unreliability of the model. Modelling structure breaks is very popular in the literature of macroeconomics and finance. However, there are still too few publications about structural breaks in agricultural market. The goal of research is to identify structural breaks in wheat prices time series. A few structural break tests are applied. It has been shown that there is at least one significant structural break in the analysed time series. Both Quandt-Andrews and Bai-Perron tests show that there is a significant breakpoint in 12.09.2007. The estimated break date is associated with the beginning of global financial crisis. It may imply that wheat prices have become more prone to changes in global financial market.
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Ricci, Elena, Massimo Peri et Lucia Baldi. « The Effects of Agricultural Price Instability on Vertical Price Transmission : A Study of the Wheat Chain in Italy ». Agriculture 9, no 2 (15 février 2019) : 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture9020036.

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In this paper we analyse vertical price transmission in two typical Italian wheat chains, the pasta and bread chains, that were particularly affected by strong market fluctuations during the last years. After having split the chains into two sides, upstream (farm–wholesale) and downstream (wholesale–retail), we apply a cointegration methodology allowing for the presence of potentially unknown structural breaks. Then, for the different subperiods detected by the break dates, we investigate the evolving price transmission elasticities finding evidence of asymmetric price transmission. In the pasta chain, farmers seem to be price-takers, while in the bread chain price transmission is related to market structure and to the coexistence of small and large retailers.
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Tsuji, Chikashi. « A Multivariate Analysis of the Effects of Structural Breaks on Stock Return Volatility Persistence : The Case of the US and Japan ». International Journal of Business Administration 10, no 3 (27 mars 2019) : 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v10n3p39.

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This paper quantitatively inspects the effects of structural breaks in stock returns on their volatility persistence by using the stock return data of the US and Japan. More concretely, applying the diagonal BEKK-MGARCH model with and without structural break dummies to the returns of S&P 500 and TOPIX, we reveal the following interesting findings. (1) First, we clarify that for both the US and Japanese stock returns, the values of the GARCH parameters, namely, the values of the volatility persistence parameters in the diagonal BEKK-MGARCH models decrease when we include the structural break dummies in the models. (2) Second, we further find that interestingly, during the Lehman crisis in 2008, the estimated time-varying volatilities from the diagonal BEKK-MGARCH model with structural break dummies are slightly higher than those from the no structural break dummy model. (3) Third, we furthermore reveal that also very interestingly, the estimated time-varying correlations from the diagonal BEKK-MGARCH model with no structural break dummy are slightly higher than those from the structural break dummy model.
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Khan, Muhammad Zaheer. « Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in Pakistan ». Market Forces 16, no 1 (1 juin 2021) : 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51153/mf.v16i1.446.

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A number of studies have already determined the existence of inverted U-shaped environmental Kuznets curve in Pakistan however the role of structural breaks in determining the relationship is yet to be investigated. The objective of this study was to determine if the presence of possible structural breaks explain the existence of environmental Kuznets curve type relationship in Pakistan for the period 1980-2016 by using data of total energy consumption, Real GDP per capita, foreign direct investment and trade openness. For the analysis the study first used the conventional time series econometric methods to determine the order of integration and Cointegration in the model. Second; as it is evident from the literature that presence of structural break in the model can have a significant impact, so the study used the Zivot and Andrews unit root test with one structural break to determine the order of integration in the model and Gregory-Hansen -Cointegration method to determine the presence of structural break within Cointegration framework. The results of the study not only confirm the existence of environmental Kuznets curve in the model, it also confirms the presence of structural break in the model.
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Kiraci, Kasim. « Analysis of the Determinant Factors of the Historical Development of Air Transport : An Empirical Application to Turkey ». Studies in Business and Economics 13, no 3 (1 décembre 2018) : 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2018-0036.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to empirically examine the development of air transport in Turkey in the period between 1980 and 2015. The study intended, within its scope, to determine the developments experienced in air transport in Turkey and the probable causes of the structural changes. Moreover, it was aimed at highlighting the years in which the structural changes in air transport were realized. In line with this objective, the one-break Zivot Anderews (1992) unit root test, the two-break Clemente-Montañés-Reyes (1998) unit root test, and the one-break and two-break LM were applied to the domestic and international air transport data of the 1980-2015 period. The results of the study show that there were substantial economic and political developments both at home and abroad in the years that the significant structural breaks that affect air transport took place.
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Canarella, Giorgio, et Stephen M. Miller. « Inflation persistence and structural breaks ». Journal of Economic Studies 43, no 6 (14 novembre 2016) : 980–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-10-2015-0190.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to report on a sequential three-stage analysis of inflation persistence using monthly data from 11 inflation targeting (IT) countries and, for comparison, the USA, a non-IT country with a history of credible monetary policy. Design/methodology/approach First, the authors estimate inflation persistence in a rolling-window fractional-integration setting using the semiparametric estimator suggested by Phillips (2007). Second, the authors use tests for unknown structural breaks as a means to identify effects of the regime switch and the global financial crisis on inflation persistence. The authors use the sequences of estimated persistence measures from the first stage as dependent variables in the Bai and Perron (2003) structural break tests. Finally, the authors reapply the Phillips (2007) estimator to the subsamples defined by the breaks. Findings Four countries (Canada, Iceland, Mexico, and South Korea) experience a structural break in inflation persistence that coincide with the implementation of the IT regime, and three IT countries (Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK), as well as the USA experience a structural break in inflation persistence that coincides with the global financial crisis. Research limitations/implications The authors find that in most cases the estimates of inflation persistence switch from mean-reversion nonstationarity to mean-reversion stationarity. Practical implications Monetary policy implications differ between pre- and post-global financial crisis. Social implications Global financial crisis affected the persistence of inflation rates. Originality/value First paper to consider the effect of the global financial crisis on inflation persistence.
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Perez, Maria, Marco Palma, Bridget Behe et Charles Hall. « Structural Breaks and Future Growth of the Green Industry ». Journal of Environmental Horticulture 34, no 2 (1 juin 2016) : 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-34.2.52.

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Every industry undergoes changes, but structural changes can abruptly and radically alter business for many firms in that industry. Identifying the substantial shifts in the green industry with regard to consumer spending can help the industry better understand its history. Using an econometric model of that same consumer spending data to look forward to the future can show firms what might lie ahead. We analyzed the personal consumption expenditures for two items measured by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis to identify structural breaks in the green industry. We then conducted an econometric forecast using that same data to predict future consumer spending projections to the year 2020. To accomplish this, we analyzed household expenditures for Tools (including gardening tools and equipment) and Plants (including seeds, flowers, and plants) from 1959 to 2014. We identified one industry structural break using the Schwarz criteria for Tools in 2006 and another one for Plants in 2007 and (separately) identified four breaks using Bayesian Information criteria: one break for Tools in 2006 and three breaks in Plants in 1986, 2003, and 2008. The potential causes of these breaks are discussed (e.g. housing bubble, financial market stress). Lastly, we employed an econometric model to forecast spending and show that it will grow from $65.15 and $86.52 in 2015 to $71.17 and $96.97, for Tools and Plants respectively, in 2020.
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Kumar, Saurabh, Jitendra Kumar, Vikas Kumar Sharma et Varun Agiwal. « Random order autoregressive time series model with structural break ». Model Assisted Statistics and Applications 15, no 3 (9 octobre 2020) : 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mas-200490.

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This paper deals with the problem of modelling time series data with structural breaks occur at multiple time points that may result in varying order of the model at every structural break. A flexible and generalized class of Autoregressive (AR) models with multiple structural breaks is proposed for modelling in such situations. Estimation of model parameters are discussed in both classical and Bayesian frameworks. Since the joint posterior of the parameters is not analytically tractable, we employ a Markov Chain Monte Carlo method, Gibbs sampling to simulate posterior sample. To verify the order change, a hypotheses test is constructed using posterior probability and compared with that of without breaks. The methodologies proposed here are illustrated by means of simulation study and a real data analysis.
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Mayon, Robert Brian, Zoheir Sabeur, Mingyi Tan et Kamal Djidjeli. « ANALYSIS OF FLUID FLOW IMPACT OSCILLATORY PRESSURES WITH AIR ENTRAPMENT AT STRUCTURES ». Coastal Engineering Proceedings, no 35 (23 juin 2017) : 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v35.structures.31.

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Hydrodynamic wave loading at coastal structures is a complex phenomenon to quantify. The chaotic nature of the fluid flow field as waves break against such structures has presented many challenges to Scientists and Engineers for the design of coastal defences. The provision of installations such as breakwaters to resist wave loading and protect coastal areas has evolved predominantly through empirical and experimental observations. This is due to the challenging understanding and quantification of wave impact energy transfer processes with air entrainment at these structures. This paper presents a numerical investigation on wave loading at porous formations including the effects of air entrapment. Porous morphologies generated from cubic packed spheres with varying characteristics representing a breakwater structure are incorporated into the numerical model at the impact interface and the effect on the pressure field is investigated as the wave breaks. We focus on analysing the impulse impact pressure as a surging flow front impacts a porous wall. Thereafter we investigate the multi-modal oscillatory wave impact pressure signals which result from a transient plunging breaker wave impinging upon a modelled porous coastal protective structure. The high frequency oscillatory pressure effects resulting from air entrapment are clearly observed in the simulations. A frequency domain analysis of the impact pressure responses is undertaken. We show that the structural morphology of the porous assembly influences the pressure response signal recorded during the impact event. The findings provide good confidence on the robustness of our numerical model particularly for investigating the air bubbles formation and their mechanics at impact with porous walls.
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Lahiri, Sajal. « Structural Break, Indivisibilities and Input–Output Analysis ». Economic Systems Research 1, no 2 (janvier 1989) : 155–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09535318900000012.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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Nazare, Ronaldo. « Essays in applied factor analysis with structural breaks ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/360375/.

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Han, Lu. « Statistical analysis of structural breaks in discrete valued time series processes ». Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539614.

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Cardosa, João. « Health expenditures in the OECD : a political economy analysis using structural breaks ». Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11847.

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A Masters Thesis, presented as part of the requirements for the award of a Research Masters Degree in Economics from NOVA – School of Business and Economics
We write this paper with the main purpose of investigating whether or not political factors influence the structural changes in health expenditure. We are not concerned about shocks as most researchers do; but instead we search for significant structural break dates and try to find a correlation between them and political changes. We choose to study health expenditure due to its relevance in terms of share on GDP and share on public expenditure and because of the continuous growth it shows over the last decades. We use probit models for our empirical tests. Public health expenditure share on GDP is found to have a statistically significant higher probability of breaking in election years which is a clear indication of possible political effects. By opposition break dates on Private health expenditure share on GDP show no correlation with elections. In addition, the probability of occurrence of breaks in public current health expenditure significantly increases in election years and the coefficients are higher and more significant in this case than the case of total public health expenditure. However, this is not verified in investment expenditure which means that elections seem to have a higher impact on short term expenses. Majority governments show a lesser probability of inducing breaks during their term in office but a higher probability before elections. Although we sometimes found statistically significant differences depending on the ideology of the respective government (i.e. left or right) we failed to achieve consistent and coherent results to allow us to establish a clear conclusion. We based our study on a data set of 23 OECD countries between the years 1960 and 2006.
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Wessollek, Christine, et Pierre Karrasch. « Monitoring structural breaks in vegetation dynamics of the nature reserve Königsbrücker Heide ». SPIE, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34984.

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Nowadays remote sensing is a well-established method and technique of providing data. The current development shows the availability of systems with very high geometric resolution for the monitoring of vegetation. At the same time, however, the value of temporally high-resolution data is underestimated, particularly in applications focusing on the detection of short-term changes. These can be natural processes like natural disasters as well as changes caused by anthropogenic interventions. These include economic activities such as forestry, agriculture or mining but also processes which are intended to convert previously used areas into natural or near-natural surfaces. The Königsbrücker Heide is a former military training site located about 30 km north of the Saxon state capitol Dresden. After the withdrawal of the Soviet forces in 1992 and after nearly 100 years of military use this site was declared as nature reserve in 1996. The management of the whole protection area is implemented in three different management zone. Based on MODIS-NDVI time series between 2000 and 2016 different developments are apparent in the nature development zone and the zone of controlled succession. Nevertheless, the analyses also show that short-term changes, so called breaks in the vegetation development cannot be described using linear trend models. The complete understanding of vegetation trends is only given if discontinuities in vegetation development are considered. Structural breaks in the NDVI time series can be found simultaneously in the whole study area. Hence it can be assumed that these breaks have a more natural character, caused for example by climatic conditions like temperature or precipitation. Otherwise, especially in the zone of controlled succession structural breaks can be detected which cannot be traced back to natural conditions. Final analyses of the spatial distribution of breakpoints as well as their frequency depending on the respective protection zone allow a detailed view to vegetation development in the Köonigsbrüucker Heide.
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Ryschkow, Stefan, et SIQI LU. « International Diversification Benefits : A Cointegrating Analysis Based on China, Europe and Russia ». Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40037.

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This thesis investigates the short term and the long term cointegration relations between European and Chinese, European and Russian stock markets, with a goal to define international diversification benefits. Whereas Russia and China are considered as developing countries, Europe represents a developed market. The period of study is from 1997 to 2018, which considers the global 2007-2008 financial crisis as a shift in the equilibrium.The static cointegration long run findings demonstrate scope for diversification benefits for the all observing markets over the whole period. With regard to the sub periods (before and after the global financial crisis), the outcomes suggest increase in cointegration relations between Europe and China after the crisis, indicating a more diversified portfolio for investors before the crisis. European and Russian financial time series show no changing in cointegration linkages after the crisis, suggesting scope for diversification gains before and after the crisis in the long run.The dynamic cointegration results, however, demonstrate episodic cointegrating relations over the whole period for the all markets. These findings also clear illustrate growth in cointegration linkages during the first year of the crisis for all samples, suggesting a less diversified portfolio during this period (for the short horizon investors), and supporting the financial contagion effect in the short run.Looking at static and dynamic results, we recommend combining both methods in order to make a clear conclusion about benefits from international diversification.
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Rudelyte, Kotryna, et Maja Bertilsson. « The Impact of EU Accession on Trade : The case of Poland, Romania and Croatia ». Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49042.

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One of the main reasons to why a membership in the European Union (EU) is so attractive for prospect countries are the free trade agreements the membership entails. The free trade agreements mean that the whole EU opens up as one big market, where tariffs and tolls are no longer an obstacle to trade for its members. Therefore, this thesis analyses whether EU membership actually yields a positive effect on member’s trade. The time series analysis is based on a three-country sample consisting of Poland, Romania, and Croatia during the time period from 2001 to 2018. By applying multiple and Chow’s breakpoint tests, and country-wise and a pooled cross-section analysis model, we examine if the accession to EU impacts each country’s trade volumes. The results indicate that becoming a member of the European Union does not necessarily have a significant effect on Poland’s, Romania’s, or Croatia’s trade even if it is positive.
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Rea, William Stanley. « The Application of Atheoretical Regression Trees to Problems in Time Series Analysis ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1715.

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This thesis applies Atheoretical Regression Trees (ART) to the problem of locating changes in mean in a time series where the number and location of those changes are unknown. We undertook an extensive simulation study into ART's performance on a range of time series. We found ART to be a useful addition to currently established structural break methodologies such as the CUSUM and that due to Bai and Perron. ART was found to be useful in the analysis of long time series which are not practical to analyze with the optimal procedure of Bai and Perron. ART was applied to a long standing problem in the analysis of long memory time series. We propose two new methods based on ART for distinguishing between true long memory and spurious long memory due to structural breaks. These methods are fundamentally different from current tests and procedures intended to discriminate between the two sets of competing models. The methods were subjected to a simulation study and shown to be effective in discrimination between simple regime switching models and fractionally integrated processes. We applied the new methods to 16 realized volatility series and concluded they were not fractionally integrated series. All 16 series had mean shifts, some of which could be identified with historical events. We applied the new methods to a range of geophysical time series and concluded they were not fractional Gaussian noises. All of the series examined had mean shifts, some of which could be identified with known climatic changes. We conclude that our new methods are a significant advance in model discrimination in long memory series.
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Strandås, Christina. « The phenolic complex in flaxseed : analysis, structural features and bioactivity / ». Uppsala : Dept. of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200810.pdf.

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Tronstad, Russell Eli. « An analysis of monthly wheat, flour, and bread prices in a structural and time series framework ». Thesis, Montana State University, 1985. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/1985/tronstad/TronstadR1985.pdf.

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Wheat, flour, and bread prices fluctuate at all levels of the market. Accurate forecasts of these prices are valuable to buyers and sellers that trade in the cash and futures markets. Rational distributed lag models of monthly prices from June 1977 to May 1984 for Kansas City No. 1 Hard Red Winter Wheat, Minneapolis Dark Northern Spring Wheat, Portland No. 1 Soft White Wheat, Kansas City flour, and retail bread prices are made to evaluate the economic or structural factors influencing price. Multivariate autoregressive-integrated-moving average error (ARIMA) models are also used to compare with the structural models price forecasting ability. Rational lags are estimated using a nonlinear least squares algorithm, incorporating the specification of nonstochastic difference equations so that the disturbance process is divorced from the systematic portion of the difference equations. Certain economic factors are found to be significant in Influencing the prices of wheat, flour, and bread. Partial derivatives and price flexibilities are calculated to estimate the short, intermediate, and long-run adjustments of prices in the structural models. In the structural models total wheat stocks are the most Influential variable in determining wheat prices and the price of wheat was most influential in the flour price equation. Flour price is highly significant in influencing retail bread price, with the secular effects of income increasing over time. The price forecasting abilities of the structural and ARIMA are found to be relatively close when comparing the Root Mean Square Errors and the adjusted coefficients of determination.
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Zghal, Mohamed Chokri. « The relationship between bread physical texture and its structure determined by digital image analysis ». Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0012/MQ51824.pdf.

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Livres sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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León, Javier. Structural breaks and long-run trends in commodity prices. Washington, DC : World Bank, 1995.

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Studinger, Michael. Interpretation und Analyse von Potentialfelddaten im Weddellmeer, Antarktis : Der Zerfall des Superkontinents Gondwana = Compilation and analysis of potential field data from the Weddell Sea, Antarctica : implications for the break-up of Gondwana. Bremerhaven : Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1998.

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Yao, Jiaxiong, et Yunhui Zhao. Structural Breaks in Carbon Emissions : A Machine Learning Analysis. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Yao, Jiaxiong, et Yunhui Zhao. Structural Breaks in Carbon Emissions : A Machine Learning Analysis. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Yao, Jiaxiong, et Yunhui Zhao. Structural Breaks in Carbon Emissions : A Machine Learning Analysis. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Makatjane, Katleho, et Roscoe van Wyk. Identifying structural changes in the exchange rates of South Africa as a regime-switching process. UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/919-8.

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Exchange rate volatility is said to exemplify the economic health of a country. Exchange rate break points (known as structural breaks) have a momentous impact on the macroeconomy of a country. Nonetheless, this country study makes use of both unsupervised and supervised machine learning algorithms to classify structural changes as regime shifts in real exchange rates in South Africa. Weekly data for the period January 2003–June 2020 are used. To these data we apply both non-linear principal component analysis and Markov-switching generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity. The former approach is used to reduce the dimensionality of the data using an orthogonal linear transformation by preserving the statistical variance of the data, with the proviso that a new trait is non-linearly independent, and it identifies the number of regime switches that are to be used in the Markov-switching model. The latter is used to partition the variance in each regime by allowing an estimation of multiple break transitions. The transition breakpoints estimates derived from this machine learning approach produce results that are comparable to other methods on similar system sizes. Application of these methods shows that the machine learning approach can also be employed to identify structural changes as a regime-switching process. During times of financial crisis, the growing concern over exchange rate volatility, including its adverse effects on employment and growth, broadens the debates on exchange rate policies. Our results should help the South African monetary policy committee to anticipate when exchange rates will pick up and be prepared for the effects of periods of high exchange rates.
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Hassan, Mirza, et Selim Raihan. Navigating the Deals World. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198801641.003.0004.

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This chapter shows how elite political settlements over time have influenced economic growth in Bangladesh. More concretely, the chapter focuses on the analysis of economic, institutional, and political economy conditions behind structural breaks in economic growth, phases of growth acceleration, and transitions in growth regimes in Bangladesh. This involves analysis of the pattern of structural change in the economy, mapping of the rent generation and rent allocations process in different sectors, discussions on the institutional space (i.e. delineation of the nature of formal and informal institutions that tend to affect a firm’s behaviour), and analysis of the deals environment of the business. The chapter also explores the incentives and ideology/vision of the political, state, and economic elites, the nature of state–business relations, and the influence of de facto growth coalitions to explain the dynamics of current trends and future prospects for growth in Bangladesh.
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Rodosthenous, George. Mamma Mia ! and the Aesthetics of the Twenty-First-Century Jukebox Musical. Sous la direction de Robert Gordon et Olaf Jubin. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199988747.013.25.

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This chapter explores the aesthetics of the jukebox musical subgenre and, by taking Mamma Mia! as a key example, analyses the dramaturgy of the piece to show how its narrative and musical structure reflects the interlocking themes of the break-up of the nuclear family, mother–daughter relationships, and the problems of single mothers. By examining how Mamma Mia! evokes on stage the sunny atmosphere of a beach holiday on a Greek island, the article demonstrates the way in which the show exploits the jukebox format to express the utopianism of musical comedy through the pleasure derived from its artful deployment of ABBA’s greatest hits. The essay considers the jukebox structure of Mamma Mia! and compares it with other British examples of the subgenre, namely the jukebox musicals Our House (2002), Taboo (2002), Never Forget (2007), and Viva Forever (2013).
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Gil, Nuno. A Collective-Action Perspective on the Planning of Megaprojects. Sous la direction de Bent Flyvbjerg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.013.28.

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This chapter adopts a collective action perspective to study the planning of large infrastructure developments: so-called “megaprojects.” The research is grounded on the analysis of make-or-break issues that beset four megaprojects in the UK. First it is argued that megaprojects are organizational networks that at the core create large arenas of consensus-oriented collective action. The analysis shows how the conflation of resource scarcity, conflicting interests, and concerns with legitimacy complicates local searches for mutually consensual solutions and brings to the fore bargaining and political activity. The central contribution is a model that proposes a combination of four high-order coordination mechanisms for management to carry the actors along openly: relaxing performance targets, building organizational slack, espousing flexible designs, and creating a structure of umpires to settle disputes that could not be self-resolved. Implications for the megaproject performance debate are discussed.
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Braun, Benjamin. Central Bank Planning. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198820802.003.0009.

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Central banks have increasingly used communication to guide market actors’ expectations of future rates of interest, inflation, and growth. However, aware of the pitfalls of (financial) central planning, central bankers until recently drew a line by restricting their monetary policy interventions to short-term interest rates. Longer-term rates, they argued, reflected decentralized knowledge and should be determined by market forces. By embracing forward guidance and quantitative easing (QE) to target long-term rates, central banks have crossed that line. While consistent with the post-1980s expansion of the temporal reach of monetary policy further into the future, these unconventional policies nevertheless mark a structural break—the return of hydraulic macroeconomic state agency, refashioned for a financialized economy. This chapter analyses the theoretical and practical reasoning behind this shift in the governability paradigm and examines the epistemic and reputational costs of modern central bank planning and the non-market setting of long-term bond prices.
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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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Zuerl, Karlheinz. « Cost Break Down and Cost Structure Analysis ». Dans Effective Cost Cutting in Asia, 225–316. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82782-3_6.

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Jovanović, A., D. Sturm et M. Hassler. « Development of an Expert System for Leak-Before-Break Analysis ». Dans Expert Systems in Structural Safety Assessment, 250–69. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83991-7_14.

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Chakpitak, Nopasit, Payap Tarkhamtham, Woraphon Yamaka et Songsak Sriboonchitta. « Structural Breaks Dependence Analysis of Oil, Natural Gas, and Heating Oil : A Vine-Copula Approach ». Dans Structural Changes and their Econometric Modeling, 451–62. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04263-9_35.

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Leng, Qing, Ming Zhang, Gensheng Zhao, Senhao Mao et Ang Jiang. « Simulation and Hazard Map of Flooding Caused by the Break of a Concrete Gravitational Dam ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1248–60. Singapore : Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_109.

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AbstractThe simulation of Concrete Gravitational Dam burst floods is an important research content in the field of disaster prevention and mitigation in water conservancy projects. Due to the extreme rainfall, earthquake, structure failure and etc., the concrete gravitational dam usually breaks in a short time period. The dam break flood will give an extreme risk to the downstream communities. Taking the flood simulation of the Kaliwa Dam in the Philippines as an example, based on the downstream channel of the dam body and the measured terrain on both sides, a numerical simulation model of one-dimensional and two-dimensional coupled flood evolution is constructed, and the numerical simulation of the flood evolution process of the dam collapse is carried out, counts the inundation range, water depth, flow velocity, flood arrival time and other disaster causing factors in the downstream inundation area, and draws the flood hazard map of both banks downstream. The simulation results show that the KALIWA burst accident occurred, the total inundation area downstream is over 38 km2 in the downstream of the Kaliwa Dam. The dam break flood peak takes 1.5 h to reach the downstream estuary, which is the shortest time. The General Nakar City and Infanta City are inundated completely with the depth of 1.0 m to 2.0 m. The terrain near the upper reaches of the lower estuary is open and flat, the downstream area will be affected seriously by the flood. It is proposed to build a flood warning system to give the people downstream of Kaliwa Dam. The results of the research will provide a scientific basis for dam-break flood risk analysis, disaster assessment.
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Ivona, Antonietta. « Coastal Heritage and Territorial Signs ». Dans Proceedings e report, 85–94. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-147-1.10.

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Geographical space must be understood as a progressive and conscious construction in which the geographical elements and the relationships between the elements themselves are placed. From the post-World War II period and for the following twenty years, the coastal area has maintained an albeit minimal break with the man-made spaces; since the seventies of the last century, rapid industrial development has increasingly occupied the coasts. Among the most evident coastal territorial signs are the lighthouses. The analysis intends to reflect on the path of transformation of some coastal structures in Italy.
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Brodny, Jarosław, Magdalena Tutak et Marcin Michalak. « The Use of the TGŚP Module as a Database to Identify Breaks in the Work of Mining Machinery ». Dans Beyond Databases, Architectures and Structures. Towards Efficient Solutions for Data Analysis and Knowledge Representation, 441–52. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58274-0_35.

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Pérez-Nieto, A., J. J. Chanona-Pérez, G. Calderón-Domínguez, R. Farrera-Rebollo, L. Alamilla-Beltrán et G. F. Gutiérrez-López. « Study of White-Bread Structural Evolution by Means of Image Analysis and Associated Thermal History and Water-Loss Kinetics ». Dans Water Properties in Food, Health, Pharmaceutical and Biological Systems : ISOPOW 10, 627–34. Oxford, UK : Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470958193.ch59.

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Luber, Mattias, Christoph Weisser, Benjamin Säfken, Alexander Silbersdorff, Thomas Kneib et Krisztina Kis-Katos. « Identifying Topical Shifts in Twitter Streams : An Integration of Non-negative Matrix Factorisation, Sentiment Analysis and Structural Break Models for Large Scale Data ». Dans Disinformation in Open Online Media, 33–49. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87031-7_3.

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Pal, Dipyaman, Chandrima Chakraborty et Arpita Ghose. « Is There Any Decline in Growth of Rice Production in Indian Agriculture in Post-liberalization Era : Evidence from Multiple Structural Breaks Analysis ». Dans The Globalization Conundrum—Dark Clouds behind the Silver Lining, 269–91. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-1727-9_16.

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Wu, Jiaming, Linfabao Dai, Guangqiao Xue et Jian Chen. « Theory and Technology of Digital Twin Model for Geotechnical Engineering ». Dans Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 403–11. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1260-3_37.

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AbstractAs an innovative information technology, Digital Twin has greatly promoted the development of intelligent manufacturing in the industry. However, in the field of geotechnical engineering, there are still few researches on this aspect, which is still a “new territory” and “no man's land”. The concept of digital twin coincides with the needs of geotechnical engineering informatization, so the introduction of digital twin technology into the field of geotechnical engineering will help to promote the development process of geotechnical engineering informatization and digitization. This paper puts forward and defines the digital twin model of geotechnical engineering, describes the connotation of the digital twin model, and studies the architecture of the digital twin model of geotechnical engineering. On this basis, the integration and sharing mechanism of geotechnical engineering digital twin data based on BIM technology is proposed. In order to break through the defect that the geotechnical engineering information model has not fully played its role for a long time, an integrated model of geological body and structural body is constructed based on the construction and integration module of geotechnical digital twin model. Furthermore, the geotechnical engineering digital twin simulation analysis module is developed to initially form the geotechnical engineering digital twin model, so as to realize the geotechnical engineering digital design, collaborative construction, visual decision-making and transparent management.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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Miglani, Jitish, Chirag Sachdeva et Srikant S. Padhee. « Automation of Composite Failure Analysis for Fiber Breaks ». Dans 58th AIAA/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference. Reston, Virginia : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-0429.

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Sun, Qian, Tianji Peng, Zhiwei Zhou, Zhibin Chen et Jieqiong Jiang. « Transient Analysis on Helium Coolant Tube Break Accident of Dual-Functional Lithium Lead Test Blanket Module ». Dans 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60123.

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Dual-functional Lithium Lead Test Blanket Module (DFLL-TBM) was proposed by China for testing in the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).When an in-TBM helium coolant tube breaks, high pressure helium will discharge into the Pb-Li breeding zones. The pressure shock in the TBM will threaten the structural integrity and safety of ITER. Simulation and analysis on helium coolant tube break accident of DFLL-TBM was performed, and two cases with different break sizes were considered. Computational results indicate that intense pressure waves spread quickly from the break to the surrounding structures and the variation of pressure in the TBM breeding box is drastic especially when the pressure wave propagation encounters large resistance such as at the bending corner of the flow channel, the inlet and outlet of Pb-Li, etc. The maximum pressure in the TBM breeding box which is even higher than the operating pressure of helium also occurs in these zones. Although the pressure shock lasts for a very short time, its effect on the structural integrity of DFLL-TBM needs to be paid attention to.
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Qin, Manqing, Xinghua Li et Jicheng Zhao. « Analysis of Dynamic Effects Associated With Postulated Breaks of Piping ». Dans 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15273.

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High energy pipe break hypothesis and engineering practice shall be taken into account and performed during nuclear power plant design due to defense-in-depth concept unless leak-before-break or break preclusion concept is applied. High energy pipe breaks potentially occur in the high stress area and break locations can be recognized by specific regulations based on mechanical analysis of piping systems. Engineering measures shall be applied to mitigate the consequences caused by high energy pipe breaks later. From engineering point of view High Energy Line Break analysis requires an essential knowledge in the different fields, such as: structural and dynamic mechanics, hydrodynamics, plant arrangements and so on. Aims of this paper consist of two aspects: definition of break locations associated with engineering practice of piping stress analysis and a conservative model of anti-whip analysis based on some assumptions. Comparison results are given after analytical investigation of the piping whip analysis with different numerical modeling and tools at the same time. An example of such comparison between transient model and energy balance methods is performed based on some basic assumptions in relation to specific piping layout. The simplified calculation model appears well for a conservative estimation of pipe whip characteristics, both for maximum displacements of piping and maximum loads impacted on anti-whip restraints.
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O'Hare, C., et Y. Li. « Structural Breaks in Mortality Models and their Consequences ». Dans Second International Conference on Vulnerability and Risk Analysis and Management (ICVRAM) and the Sixth International Symposium on Uncertainty, Modeling, and Analysis (ISUMA). Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784413609.120.

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Andreeski, Cvetko J., Pandian Vasant, Abdul Halim Hakim, Pandian Vasant et Nader Barsoum. « COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON TIME SERIES WITH INCLUDED STRUCTURAL BREAK ». Dans POWER CONTROL AND OPTIMIZATION : Proceedings of the Second Global Conference on Power Control and Optimization. AIP, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3223933.

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Stefanini, L., et F. J. Blom. « Probabilistic Leak Before Break ». Dans ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84056.

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In this study a probabilistic Leak-Before-Break (LBB) analysis was carried out based on the R6 FAD Option 1 assessment method. The method uses the material fracture toughness and yield stress in order to determine, deterministically, a Critical Crack Length (CCL) and a Leakage Rate (LR) through a crack. In order to define the fracture toughness of the material, the Master Curve approach was used accordingly to BS7910:2013 Annex J. Initially, deterministic analyses were carried out and the fracture toughness and yield stress were set to 190 MPa√m and 158 MPa, respectively. In order to implement a probabilistic approach, the yield stress and fracture toughness were introduced as stochastic parameter. The Fracture toughness was generated using a Weibull distribution to match the Master Curve. The distribution was built such that 190 MPa√m represents the 5% probability fracture toughness. The Yield stress (0.2% proof strength) was generated using a normal distribution with standard deviation 10.35 MPa such that the average value was 175 MPa and the lower bound (5% of probability of occurrence) was 158 MPa. The choice of building the distribution as above mentioned was justified by the fact that in structural integrity assessment the lower 5% is generally used for material parameters. Thus, once a Detectable Leakage Rate (DLR) was determined, it was possible to assign an implicit probability of failure to the deterministic case. The calculations were then extended by using several LR formulas. The calculations were carried out making use of the probabilistic software RAP++ coupled to MATLAB. The probabilities of failure were calculated with regard to a postulated DLR and a DLRSF corrected with a safety factor of 10. The probabilities of failure for the DLRSF were proved to be 9 to 15 times higher than for the postulated DLR case, which leads to the opportunity of conservatism reduction.
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Marzouk, Osama, et Ali Nayfeh. « Simulation, Analysis, and Explanation of the Lift Suppression and Break of 2:1 Force Coupling Due to in-Line Structural Vibration ». Dans 49th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference
16th AIAA/ASME/AHS Adaptive Structures Conference
10t. Reston, Virigina : American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2008-2309.

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Byun, Young Jin, Young Sil Sul, Kwang Won Lee et Jong Tae Seo. « Reactor Coolant System Branch Line Pipe Break Analysis for Shin-Kori Units 3 and 4 ». Dans 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30066.

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Shin-Kori Units 3&4 (SKN 3&4) are the first APR1400 (Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MWe) nuclear power plants being under construction in Korea. The capacity and size of main components in the APR1400 nuclear steam supply system have been increased from the OPR1000 (Optimized Power Reactor 1000 MWe) which is the reference plant in operation. Especially, the increased pipe size of the main steam and the economizer feedwater lines cause more severe excitations such as the nozzle thrust, jet impingement, and nozzle reactions when those lines are postulated to break at terminal ends or intermediate locations. In this paper, the major mechanical effects on the Reactor Coolant System (RCS) due to the branch line pipe breaks for SKN 3&4 are investigated; the support loads of the reactor vessel, steam generators, reactor coolant pumps are evaluated. In this investigation, the RCS is modeled using 3-dimensional lumped mass and beam elements, and the nonlinear time-history structural analyses are performed. The analysis results show that the RCS dynamic responses are governed by the main steam line breaks and feedwater economizer line breaks.
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Timperi, Antti, Timo Pa¨ttikangas, Ismo Karppinen, Ville Lestinen, Jukka Ka¨hko¨nen et Timo Toppila. « Validation of Fluid-Structure Interaction Calculations in a Large-Break Loss of Coolant Accident ». Dans 16th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone16-48206.

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In the hypothetical Large-Break Loss Of Coolant Accident (LBLOCA), rapid depressurization of the reactor primary circuit causes loads on the reactor internals. This paper presents numerical simulations of a HDR experiment, where LBLOCA of a pressurized water reactor due to a sudden pipe break in the primary loop was studied. In the experiment, Fluid-Structure Interaction (FSI) phenomena caused by the flexibility of the core barrel were studied in particular. Star-CD Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code and ABAQUS structural analysis code were used for three-dimensional calculations. The MpCCI code was used for two-way coupling of the CFD and structural analysis codes in order to take FSI into account. Two-way FSI calculation was also performed with ABAQUS only by modeling water as an acoustic medium. Pressure boundary condition at the pipe break was evaluated with the system code APROS as a two-phase calculation. Comparisons with the experiment were made for fluid pressures and break mass flow as well as for structural displacements and strains. Fairly good agreement was found between the experiment and simulation when coupling of the CFD and structural analysis codes was used. For the acoustic calculation, the results showed good agreement in the early phase of the simulation. In the late phase, structural loads were over-predicted by the acoustic calculation due to the effect of bulk flow of water which is not included in the acoustic model.
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Altinakar, Mustafa S., et Marcus Z. McGrath. « Parallelized Two-Dimensional Dam-Break Flood Analysis with Dynamic Data Structures ». Dans World Environmental And Water Resources Congress 2012. Reston, VA : American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412312.151.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "Structural break analysi"

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Pawlowski, Wojtek P., et Avraham A. Levy. What shapes the crossover landscape in maize and wheat and how can we modify it. United States Department of Agriculture, janvier 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600025.bard.

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Meiotic recombination is a process in which homologous chromosomes engage in the exchange of DNA segments, creating gametes with new genetic makeup and progeny with new traits. The genetic diversity generated in this way is the main engine of crop improvement in sexually reproducing plants. Understanding regulation of this process, particularly the regulation of the rate and location of recombination events, and devising ways of modifying them, was the major motivation of this project. The project was carried out in maize and wheat, two leading crops, in which any advance in the breeder’s toolbox can have a huge impact on food production. Preliminary work done in the USA and Israeli labs had established a strong basis to address these questions. The USA lab pioneered the ability to map sites where recombination is initiated via the induction of double-strand breaks in chromosomal DNA. It has a long experience in cytological analysis of meiosis. The Israeli lab has expertise in high resolution mapping of crossover sites and has done pioneering work on the importance of epigenetic modifications for crossover distribution. It has identified genes that limit the rates of recombination. Our working hypothesis was that an integrative analysis of double-strand breaks, crossovers, and epigenetic data will increase our understanding of how meiotic recombination is regulated and will enhance our ability to manipulate it. The specific objectives of the project were: To analyze the connection between double-strand breaks, crossover, and epigenetic marks in maize and wheat. Protocols developed for double-strand breaks mapping in maize were applied to wheat. A detailed analysis of existing and new data in maize was conducted to map crossovers at high resolution and search for DNA sequence motifs underlying crossover hotspots. Epigenetic modifications along maize chromosomes were analyzed as well. Finally, a computational analysis tested various hypotheses on the importance of chromatin structure and specific epigenetic modifications in determining the locations of double-strand breaks and crossovers along chromosomes. Transient knockdowns of meiotic genes that suppress homologous recombination were carried out in wheat using Virus-Induced Gene Silencing. The target genes were orthologs of FANCM, DDM1, MET1, RECQ4, and XRCC2.
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Konstantinou, Theodora, Donghui Chen, Konstantinos Flaris, Kyubyung Kang, Dan Daehyun Koo, Jonathon Sinton, Konstantina Gkritza et Samuel Labi. A Strategic Assessment of Needs and Opportunities for the Wider Adoption of Electric Vehicles in Indiana. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317376.

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The primary objective of this study was to assess the challenges and opportunities associated with the provision of appropriate infrastructure to support electric vehicle (EV) operations and electrification across Indiana. A secondary objective of this study was to develop a strategic plan for INDOT that outlines new business opportunities for developing EV charging stations. To achieve these objectives, the project team assessed current and emerging trends in EV operations, particularly EV charging infrastructure and EV demand forecasting. They also examined opportunities for the strategic deployment of EV charging stations by identifying EV infrastructure deficit areas; investigated the impact of EV adoption on highway revenue and the feasibility of new revenue structures; and evaluated strategic partnerships and business models. The agent-based simulation model developed for future long distance EV trip scenarios enables INDOT to identify EV energy deficient areas for current and future energy charging demand scenarios, and it can support Indiana’s strategic plans for EV charging infrastructure development. The results of the revenue impact analysis can inform INDOT’s revenue model. The estimations of the recovery EV fee, the VMT fee, and pay-as-you-charge fee that break-even the fuel tax revenue loss can be used by INDOT in pilot programs to capture users’ perspectives and estimate appropriate fee rates and structures. The insights obtained from the stakeholder interviews can be used to enhance preparedness for increasing EV adoption rates across vehicle classes and to strengthen the engagement of different entities in the provision of charging infrastructure.
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Funkenstein, Bruria, et Cunming Duan. GH-IGF Axis in Sparus aurata : Possible Applications to Genetic Selection. United States Department of Agriculture, novembre 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7580665.bard.

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Many factors affect growth rate in fish: environmental, nutritional, genetics and endogenous (physiological) factors. Endogenous control of growth is very complex and many hormone systems are involved. Nevertheless, it is well accepted that growth hormone (GH) plays a major role in stimulating somatic growth. Although it is now clear that most, if not all, components of the GH-IGF axis exist in fish, we are still far from understanding how fish grow. In our project we used as the experimental system a marine fish, the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), which inhabits lagoons along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts of Europe, and represents one of the most important fish species used in the mariculture industry in the Mediterranean region, including Israel. Production of Sparus is rapidly growing, however, in order for this production to stay competitive, the farming of this fish species has to intensify and become more efficient. One drawback, still, in Sparus extensive culture is that it grows relatively slow. In addition, it is now clear that growth and reproduction are physiological interrelated processes that affect each other. In particular sexual maturation (puberty) is known to be closely related to growth rate in fish as it is in mammals, indicating interactions between the somatotropic and gonadotropic axes. The goal of our project was to try to identify the rate-limiting components(s) in Sparus aurata GH-IGF system which might explain its slow growth by studying the ontogeny of growth-related genes: GH, GH receptor, IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF receptor, IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and Pit-1 during early stages of development of Sparus aurata larvae from slow and fast growing lines. Our project was a continuation of a previous BARD project and could be divided into five major parts: i) obtaining additional tools to those obtained in the previous project that are necessary to carry out the developmental study; ii) the developmental expression of growth-related genes and their cellular localization; iii) tissue-specific expression and effect of GH on expression of growth-related genes; iv) possible relationship between GH gene structure, growth rate and genetic selection; v) the possible role of the IGF system in gonadal development. The major findings of our research can be summarized as follows: 1) The cDNAs (complete or partial) coding for Sparus IGFBP-2, GH receptor and Pit-1 were cloned. Sequence comparison reveals that the primary structure of IGFBP-2 protein is 43-49% identical to that of zebrafish and other vertebrates. Intensive efforts resulted in cloning a fragment of 138 nucleotides, coding for 46 amino acids in the proximal end of the intracellular domain of GH receptor. This is the first fish GH receptor cDNA that had been cloned to date. The cloned fragment will enable us to complete the GH - receptor cloning. 2) IGF-I, IGF-II, IGFBP-2, and IGF receptor transcripts were detected by RT-PCR method throughout development in unfertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae suggesting that these mRNAs are products of both the maternal and the embryonic genomes. Preliminary RT-PCR analysis suggest that GH receptor transcript is present in post-hatching larvae already on day 1. 3) IGF-1R transcripts were detected in all tissues tested by RT-PCR with highest levels in gill cartilage, skin, kidney, heart, pyloric caeca, and brain. Northern blot analysis detected IGF receptor only in gonads, brain and gill cartilage but not in muscle; GH increased slightly brain and gill cartilage IGF-1R mRNA levels. 4) IGFBP-2 transcript were detected only in liver and gonads, when analyzed by Northern blots; RT-PCR analysis revealed expression in all tissues studied, with the highest levels found in liver, skin, gonad and pyloric caeca. 5) Expression of IGF-I, IGF-II, IGF-1R and IGFBP-2 was analyzed during gonadal development. High levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-2 expression were found in bisexual young gonads, which decreased during gonadal development. Regardless of maturational stage, IGF-II levels were higher than those of IGF-L 6) The GH gene was cloned and its structure was characterized. It contains minisatellites of tandem repeats in the first and third introns that result in high level of genetic polymorphism. 7) Analysis of the presence of IGF-I and two types of IGF receptor by immunohistochemistry revealed tissue- and stage-specific expression during larval development. Immunohistochemistry also showed that IGF-I and its receptors are present in both testicular and ovarian cells. Although at this stage we are not able to pinpoint which is the rate-limiting step causing the slow growth of Sparus aurata, our project (together with the previous BARD) yielded a great number of experimental tools both DNA probes and antibodies that will enable further studies on the factors regulating growth in Sparus aurata. Our expression studies and cellular localization shed new light on the tissue and developmental expression of growth-related genes in fish.
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