Articles de revues : « Stock car racing – History »

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Shackleford, Ben. « NASCAR Stock Car Racing : Establishment and Southern Retrenchment ». International Journal of the History of Sport 28, n^o 2 (25 janvier 2011) : 300–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523367.2011.537922.

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Norland, Katie. « NASCAR Nation : A History of Stock Car Racing in the United States by Scott Beekman ». Journal of American Culture 33, n^o 4 (décembre 2010) : 350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.2010.00756_15.x.

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Pieterse, Jimmy. « ‘Asbaanjaers Rig Oë Op Pretoria’ : A Short History of Stock-Car Racing in South Africa’s Capital City ». Journal of Southern African Studies 46, n^o 3 (8 avril 2020) : 547–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03057070.2020.1748839.

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Smith, Earl, et Angela J. Hattery. « Bad Boy for Life : Hip-Hop Music, Race, and Sports ». Sociology of Sport Journal 37, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2020) : 174–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2018-0134.

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P Diddy’s Bad Boy for Life video provides a strategic point of departure in the quest for values and community, sui generis, in SportsWorld. This study poses an interruption to the “ideological” articulations of discourse on the relationship between hip-hop music and sports by providing an examination of empirical and scientific data inside of SportsWorld. There is a carefully crafted narrative about the coexistence among Black American athletes, SportsWorld, and hip-hop music. From the beginning of Black athletes’ entry into the White spaces of the so-called level playing field of sports—from National Association of Stock Car Racing to the National Hockey Association to Major League Baseball to National Basketball Association—this integration upsets the norms of both civility and history; because for many in White America, the belief persists that these same athletes were not then and should not be today in those sacred spaces. From Jackie Robinson to the Williams Sisters to Jack Johnson to Tiger Woods to Althea Gibson to Fritz Pollard and, of course, Muhammad Ali—all of these pioneers suffered the indignities of racial discrimination. As Smith argues in his 2014 book Race, Sport and the American Dream, fast forward, deep inside the second aught of the 21st century, it is often assumed that the addition of hip-hop music to the pregame and half-time entertainment at ballparks, basketball arenas, stadiums, and ice hockey arenas signals a welcoming to the Black Athlete and their fans. Using a Marxian lens, this study argues that both these assumptions are no more than the ideology of beliefs that Marx describes as “fantasies and illusions” or more straightforward a “phantasmagoria.” These fantasies and illusions show up as a laterna magica projecting images on society and in SportsWorld, where these can be described as commodity fetishism. Through the authors' empirical analysis of data on segregation and integration in SportsWorld, they demonstrate that things are not always as they seem.

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Gwynne, Peter. « Stock-car racing makes intuitive physicists ». Physics World 21, n^o 03 (mars 2008) : 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2058-7058/21/03/23.

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Ebben, William. « Strength and Conditioning for Stock Car Racing ». Strength and Conditioning Journal 32, n^o 5 (octobre 2010) : 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/ssc.0b013e3181e981f2.

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Shook, Ron, et Jessie Embry. « Car Racing and Mobility History ». Journal of Transport History 28, n^o 1 (mars 2007) : 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/tjth.28.1.8.

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Rose, Austin S., Charles S. Ebert, Jiri Prazma et Harold C. Pillsbury. « Noise Exposure Levels in Stock Car auto Racing ». Ear, Nose & ; Throat Journal 87, n^o 12 (décembre 2008) : 689–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130808701211.

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Carlson, Lara A., David P. Ferguson et Robert W. Kenefick. « Physiological strain of stock car drivers during competitive racing ». Journal of Thermal Biology 44 (août 2014) : 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.06.001.

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Kardous, Chucri A., Thais Morata et Luann E. Van Campen. « Occupational and recreational noise exposures at stock car racing circuits ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 120, n^o 5 (novembre 2006) : 3280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4777355.

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O'Roark, J. Brian, William C. Wood et Larry DeGaris. « Brand identification among stock car racing fans in the USA ». International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing 6, n^o 1 (2009) : 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsmm.2009.026755.

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Gooding, Richard. « Racing Line ». Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technology International 2020, n^o 2 (novembre 2020) : 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s1467-5560(23)60094-6.

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Motorsport has an enduring history of influencing the cars we drive, but how similar is the electrified technology which underpins the latest generation of electric and hybrid racers, and how will it impact future road car developments

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Sethi, Akshay. « Wet Sump Design for a FSAE Racing Car ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 165 (avril 2012) : 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.165.175.

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The problem statement consisted of designing a Wet Sump Lubrication system for Formula Manipal, Manipal Institute of Technology's FSAE racing team. The team uses a 2003 specification Honda CBR 600RR motorcycle engine to power the rear wheels by means of a chain drive and a limited slip differential. Packaging and performance constraints meant that the stock oil pan could not be retained. It was thus proposed to design and manufacture a custom wet sump oil pan and validate it by testing. The goal was to build a lubrication system which worked flawlessly in a racing environment including acceleration, braking and cornering. This was realized by innovatively placing baffles and a windage tray in the oil pan. At the same time, it was important to reduce the height of the oil pan so as to allow the engine to be mounted lower in the chassis, facilitate better packaging and improve the dynamic performance of the car.

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Roy, Donald P., Benjamin D. Goss et Colby B. Jubenville. « Influences on event attendance decisions for stock car automobile racing fans ». International Journal of Sport Management and Marketing 8, n^o 1/2 (2010) : 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsmm.2010.033950.

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Patalak, John P., et John W. Melvin. « Stock Car Racing Driver Restraint – Development and Implementation of Seat Performance Specification ». SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 1, n^o 1 (2 décembre 2008) : 1349–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2008-01-2974.

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Gwin, Kristin K., Kenneth M. Wallingford, Thais C. Morata, Luann E. Van Campen, Jacques Dallaire et Frank J. Alvarez. « Ototoxic Occupational Exposures for a Stock Car Racing Team : II. Chemical Surveys ». Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2, n^o 8 (août 2005) : 406–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620500203798.

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Van Campen, Luann E., Thais Morata, Chucri A. Kardous, Kristin Gwin, Kenneth M. Wallingford, Jacques Dallaire et Frank J. Alvarez. « Ototoxic Occupational Exposures for a Stock Car Racing Team : I. Noise Surveys ». Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 2, n^o 8 (août 2005) : 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15459620591009644.

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Kaul, Anand, Ahmed Abbas, Gabriel Smith, Sunil Manjila, Jonathan Pace et Michael Steinmetz. « A revolution in preventing fatal craniovertebral junction injuries : lessons learned from the Head and Neck Support device in professional auto racing ». Journal of Neurosurgery : Spine 25, n^o 6 (décembre 2016) : 756–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2015.10.spine15337.

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Fatal craniovertebral junction (CVJ) injuries were the most common cause of death in high-speed motor sports prior to 2001. Following the death of a mutual friend and race car driver, Patrick Jacquemart (1946–1981), biomechanical engineer Dr. Robert Hubbard, along with race car driver and brother-in-law Jim Downing, developed the concept for the Head and Neck Support (HANS) device to prevent flexion-distraction injuries during high-velocity impact. Biomechanical testing showed that neck shear and loading forces experienced during collisions were 3 times the required amount for a catastrophic injury. Crash sled testing with and without the HANS device elucidated reductions in neck tension, neck compression, head acceleration, and chest acceleration experienced by dummies during high-energy crashes. Simultaneously, motor sports accidents such as Dale Earnhardt Sr.'s fatal crash in 2001 galvanized public opinion in favor of serious safety reform. Analysis of Earnhardt's accident demonstrated that his car's velocity parallel to the barrier was more than 150 miles per hour (mph), with deceleration upon impact of roughly 43 mph in a total of 0.08 seconds. After careful review, several major racing series such as the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) and Championship Auto Racing Team (CART) made major changes to ensure the safety of drivers at the turn of the 21st century. Since the rule requiring the HANS device in professional auto racing series was put in place, there has not been a single reported case of a fatal CVJ injury.

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Didion, Philipp. « Viel Kontinuität, wenig Neuanfang ? Akteure und Diskurse im französischen und westdeutschen Autorennsport der frühen Nachkriegszeit 1945–1955 ». STADION 47, n^o 2 (2023) : 214–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/0172-4029-2023-2-214.

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Franco-German relations in car racing in the period after World War II have so far been in academic obscurity. Little is known about the resumption of sporting contacts in that field. This article therefore aims to explore some of the routes of the history of French-West German relations in this sport for the first post-war decade (1945–55). The focus is on – in chronological order – the resumption of car racings in both countries, the first appearance of German drivers and brands at racing events in France, personal continuities, and cross-border contacts in this discipline as well as the 1955 Le Mans disaster. Like football, car racing can also be described as a symbol for diplomatic relations between France and the Federal Republic of Germany. The political and social conditions of the time were clearly reflected in this context. For example, the resumption of sporting contacts after 1945 also took place more quickly here than after the First World War. However, motorsport in general and car racing in particular had a somewhat exceptional status – especially regarding its systematic promotion in the French occupation zone as well as their very present international character.

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Biswas, Joyeeta. « Evolution of Grand Prix ». INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, n^o 05 (17 mai 2024) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem34219.

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Grand Prix is a Circuit where different types of Motorsport racing held in which Formula One car racing is the highest class of take automatic racing sanction by the (FIA). In Grand Prix series of races held annually in different countries around the world. Each race is held on a specifically designed racetrack and consist of multiple laps around the track. This paper speaks on the evolution of Grand Prix over the 70 years of its history in architectural aspects and its future prospect and compare between the temporary spaces and the permanent built spaces and its circulation around the circuit. KEYWORDS- Circulation, Formula 1, History, Temporary spaces, Permanent spaces

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Leslie-Pelecky, Diandra. « Materials at 200 mph : Making NASCAR Faster and Safer ». MRS Bulletin 34, n^o 8 (août 2009) : 602–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2009.160.

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AbstractSpeed is the ultimate goal of racing, and materials are an increasingly important area of research for making race cars faster. The splitter, which produces front downforce, is made from Tegris, a polypropylene composite offering comparable stiffness and improved impact properties at significantly lower cost than alternative materials. Engine blocks must be cast iron, but careful control of microstructure using precision manufacturing methods produces a lighter engine block that generates more horsepower.Speed and excitement must be balanced with safety, and materials are key players here, as well. Energy-dissipating foams in the car and the barriers surrounding the tracks allow drivers to walk away uninjured from accidents. Fire-resistant polymers protect drivers from high-temperature fuel fires, and technology transfer from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) in the form of a low-temperature carbon monoxide catalyst filters the drivers' air.Sports are an outstanding way of showing the public how materials science and engineering are relevant to their lives and interests. Materials science and engineering is just that much more exciting when it's traveling at two hundred miles an hour.

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Martins, W., VAR Fernandes et M. Conte. « Changes in Lactacidemia and Glycemia of Automobilism Race Car Drivers after Old Stock Race Category Racing ». Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine 72, n^o 5 (20 septembre 2021) : 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2020.473.

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Martins, W., VAR Fernandes et M. Conte. « Changes in Lactacidemia and Glycemia of Automobilism Race Car Drivers after Old Stock Race Category Racing ». Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine 72, n^o 5 (20 septembre 2021) : 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2020.473.

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Reid, John D., Ronald K. Faller, Jim C. Holloway, John R. Rohde et Dean L. Sicking. « New Energy-Absorbing High-Speed Safety Barrier ». Transportation Research Record : Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1851, n^o 1 (janvier 2003) : 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1851-06.

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For many years, containment for errant racing vehicles traveling on oval speedways has been provided through rigid, concrete containment walls placed around the exterior of the track. However, accident experience has shown that serious injuries and fatalities may occur through vehicular impacts into these nondeformable barriers. Because of these injuries, the Indy Racing League and the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, later joined by the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR), sponsored the development of a new barrier system by the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln to improve the safety of drivers participating in automobile racing events. Several barrier prototypes were investigated and evaluated using both static and dynamic component testing, computer simulation modeling with LS-DYNA (a nonlinear finite element analysis code), and 20 full-scale vehicle crash tests. The full-scale crash testing program included bogie vehicles, small cars, and a full-size sedan, as well as Indy Racing League open-wheeled cars and NASCAR Winston Cup cars. A combination steel tube skin and foam energy-absorbing barrier system, referred to as the SAFER (steel and foam energy reduction) barrier, was successfully developed. Subsequently, the SAFER barrier was installed at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in advance of the running of the 2002 Indianapolis 500 race. From the results of the laboratory testing program as well as analysis of the accidents into the SAFER barrier occurring during practice, qualification, and the race, the SAFER barrier has been shown to provide improved safety for drivers impacting the outer walls.

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Depken, Craig A., Matthew Hood et Ernest King. « Consistency and Momentum in NASCAR ». Journal of Sports Economics 18, n^o 6 (26 août 2015) : 601–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002515590441.

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Conventional wisdom in sports is that consistency is praiseworthy and that competitors should seek momentum. A small standard deviation is the simplest measure of consistency, and a positive autocorrelation is the simplest measure of momentum. With these statistical definitions, we find that consistency is predictable for Sprint Cup drivers, but momentum is not. Simulating seasons, we find consistency reduces the variability in season-ending performances and momentum increases them. Since drivers are ordinarily seeking unlikely occurrences, consistency is harmful and momentum is beneficial. Thus, consistency is obtainable but not desirable, and momentum is desirable but not obtainable in National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing.

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Yaskewich, David M. « Heterogeneous Ability and Risk Taking in a Rank-Order Tournament ». Journal of Sports Economics 18, n^o 8 (21 octobre 2015) : 803–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527002515609663.

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Since 2011, the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) has forced drivers to pick one of three national series for which they would be eligible to compete for a season championship. Prior to this “Pick-A-Series” rule, many drivers in the premier Sprint Cup Series competed regularly in the Nationwide Series, which is a developmental division for less experienced drivers. I examined whether the removal of moonlighting Sprint Cup drivers from championship contention encouraged less aggressive driving among those who competed exclusively in the Nationwide Series. There was weak evidence that the Pick-A-Series rule reduced accident proneness among Nationwide drivers relative to Sprint Cup drivers.

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Chan, Marvin T., Christine W. Chan et Craig Gelowitz. « Development of a Car Racing Simulator Game Using Artificial Intelligence Techniques ». International Journal of Computer Games Technology 2015 (2015) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/839721.

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This paper presents a car racing simulator game calledRacer, in which the human player races a car against three game-controlled cars in a three-dimensional environment. The objective of the game is not to defeat the human player, but to provide the player with a challenging and enjoyable experience. To ensure that this objective can be accomplished, the game incorporates artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, which enable the cars to be controlled in a manner that mimics natural driving. The paper provides a brief history of AI techniques in games, presents the use of AI techniques in contemporary video games, and discusses the AI techniques that were implemented in the development ofRacer.A comparison of the AI techniques implemented in the Unity platform with traditional AI search techniques is also included in the discussion.

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Kardous, Chucri A., et Thais C. Morata. « Occupational and recreational noise exposures at stock car racing circuits : An exploratory survey of three professional race tracks ». Noise Control Engineering Journal 58, n^o 1 (2010) : 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/1.3270506.

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Кшинин, Алексей Владиславович. « MODERN MEDIA COVERAGE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES RELATED TO THE FORMULA 1 CHAMPIONSHIP ». Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия : Филология, n^o 3(74) (29 septembre 2022) : 300–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtfilol/2022.3.300.

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По самой своей природе, будучи автомобильными гонками, машины Формулы-1 негативно влияют на экологию, но руководители гонок многие годы говорят о том, что буквально через несколько лет гоночные машины станут полностью экологически нейтральными. В статье приведён анализ публикаций в спортивных и непрофильных средствах массовой информации по этой теме, а также рассмотрены положительные и отрицательные факторы влияния гонок на экологию. By their nature, being car racers, Formula 1 cars have a negative impact on the environment, but race managers have been saying for many years that in just a few years racing cars will become completely environmentally neutral. The article analyzes the publications of sports and non-core media on this topic, considers the positive and negative factors of the impact of racing on the environment.

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Kareem, Eddo Mochammad, Didit Supriyadi et Sri Suartini. « The Pengaruh Rasio Kecukupan Modal, Resiko Kredit, Profitabilitas Dan Likuditas Terhadap Financial Distress Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode Tahun 2016 – 2020 ». Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 5, n^o 2 (21 mai 2022) : 1106–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v5i2.3374.

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This study aims to determine and analyze the effect of financial performance in the form of banking ratios CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE and LDR on financial distress in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016-2020 period. The sample used in this study were 32 banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical method and multiple linear regression method for panel data. The results of this study indicate that CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE and LDR simultaneously have a significant effect on Financial Distress. While partially CAR and ROA have a significant positive effect on Financial Distress in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, while NPL, ROE and LDR have no effect on Financial Distress in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2016-2020. Keywords: CAR, NPL, ROA, ROE, LDR, Financial Distress

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Goldman, Michael M., et David P. Hedlund. « Rebooting Content : Broadcasting Sport and Esports to Homes During COVID-19 ». International Journal of Sport Communication 13, n^o 3 (1 septembre 2020) : 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2020-0227.

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Beginning in early March 2020, sport in the United States entered an unprecedented period of hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The postponement, suspension, and cancellation of live sporting events impacted every professional and amateur sport organization, from the National Basketball Association to the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing, high school sports to college football, and even esports leagues. Although the abrupt cancellation of live sporting events was disruptive, it did create opportunities for the production of new media and consumption opportunities for sport leagues, teams, and their fans through different types of sport media broadcasts. This commentary examines how the U.S. sport industry developed media content strategies using new, mixed, and rebroadcasted content, across multiple broadcast and streaming platforms, to provide sport consumption opportunities to fans who were largely quarantined at home. This research contributes to the existing scholarship on live and rebroadcasted mediated content, while providing guidance to content owners and rights holders facing uncertainty in the marketplace.

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Elsbach, Kimberly D., et Daniel M. Cable. « Explaining Stakeholder Identification with Moderate Prestige Collectives : A Study of NASCAR Fans ». Organization Studies 40, n^o 9 (3 septembre 2018) : 1279–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840618789190.

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Through two studies of fans who identified with the collective known as NASCAR (the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing hereafter referred to as Nascar), we examine why stakeholders identify with collectives that are perceived as only moderately prestigious (given that high prestige has been shown, empirically, to be the primary predictor of collective identification because it enhances identifiers’ self-esteem). Our findings indicate that identifiers did not perceive Nascar to be high in prestige (compared to other similar collectives) and that their identification was predicted, primarily, by “Perceived Opportunity for Authentic Self-Expression” with Nascar. In addition, across both studies, we found that “patriotism”—a personal value that was difficult for fans to affirm elsewhere—was the most important value that fans perceived they could “self-express” when interacting with Nascar. These findings suggest that individuals may identify with moderate prestige collectives because they provide rare opportunities to express values that are part of their authentic selves, and thus, satisfy these individuals’ “needs for authenticity.”

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Brearley, Matt, Ian Norton, David Kingsbury et Simon Maas. « Responses of Elite Road Motorcyclists to Racing in Tropical Conditions : A Case Study ». International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 9, n^o 5 (septembre 2014) : 887–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2013-0409.

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Introduction:Anecdotal reports suggest that elite road motorcyclists suffer from high core body temperatures and physiological and perceptual strain when competing in hot conditions.Methods:Four male non-heat-acclimatized elite motorcyclists (3 Superbike, 1 Supersport) had their gastrointestinal temperature, heart rate, and respiratory rate measured and recorded throughout practice, qualifying, and race sessions of an Australian Superbike and Supersport Championship round contested in tropical conditions. Physiological strain was calculated during the sessions, and fluid-balance measures were taken during practice and qualifying. Rider thermal sensation was assessed immediately postsession.Results:Mean ambient temperature and relative humidity were 29.5–30.2°C and 64.5–68.7%, respectively, across the sessions. Gastrointestinal temperature rose from 37.6°C to 37.7°C presession at a median rate of 0.035°C, 0.037°C ,and 0.067°C/min during practice, qualifying, and race sessions to reach medians of 38.9°C, 38.8°C, and 39.1°C postsession, respectively. The peak postsession gastrointestinal temperature was 39.8°C. Median heart rates were ~164, 160, and 177 beats/min during the respective practice, qualifying, and race sessions, contributing to median physiological strain of 5.5, 5.6, and 6.2 across the sessions. Sweat rates were 1.01 and 0.90 L/h during practice and qualifying sessions, while rider thermal sensation was very hot after each session.Conclusions:This investigation confirms that elite road motorcyclists endure moderate to high physiological strain during practice, qualifying, and race sessions, exhibiting more-rapid rates of body-heat storage, higher core body temperatures, and higher physiological and perceptual strain than their stock-car-racing counterparts when competing in tropical conditions.

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Jones, Charles W., et Kevin K. Byon. « Central actors in the live sport event context : a sport spectator value perception model ». Sport, Business and Management : An International Journal 10, n^o 1 (8 mars 2020) : 58–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sbm-10-2018-0080.

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PurposeThis study is a micro-level perspective of value co-creation in spectator sport. By examining sport through the value co-creation lens, the dual role of the customer as both a contributor to and a beneficiary of value is acknowledged and the importance of stakeholder interactions is emphasized. This study analyzes the extent to which two theoretically and managerially important factors—attendance frequency (i.e. first-time attendee vs repeat attendee) and resident type (i.e. local resident vs domestic traveler)—impact value creation in the recurring live sporting event setting.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from spectators who attended a National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) sanctioned racing event. Multigroup structural equation modeling was performed to examine the proposed pathways, and multigroup t-tests were used to compare the model across both groups for each moderating variable. Corresponding path coefficients were then compared using Chin's (2004) recommended equations and procedures.FindingsThe study found organization-related value propositions to be the more common antecedents of value, while customer appearance had a strong negative association with hedonic value, and attendance frequency and resident type influenced certain value perceptions. Sport organizations should consider the expectations and motivations of various customer groups and provide offerings designed to meet the specific needs of different fan segments based on the spectator's experience with the sport product and the distance traveled to attend the sport event.Originality/valueThis paper advances the authors’ understanding of value creation in sport by showing how customer perceptions of value associated with the sport organization and other customers can be moderated by certain behavioral and geographic factors.

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Wulandari, Bayu, Khetrin Khetrin et Ketryn Seviyani. « Pengaruh Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR), Biaya Operasional, Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), Kurs, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Ukuran Bank Dan Inflasi Terhadap Non Performing Loan (NPL) Di Perusahaan Perbankan Terdaftar Di BEI ». Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 5, n^o 1 (26 août 2021) : 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v5i1.2236.

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Financial institutions that provide financial services are known as banking. The purpose of this research is to test and analyze the effect of LDR, BOPO, exchange rate, CAR, bank size and inflation on NPL in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method is quantitative research. This research is explanatory. The research data is classified as quantitative and ratio scale. Data is collected by means of documentation. The population is 45 banks listed on the IDX for the period 2014-2018. The sample is 125 financial statements of banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2018. The model is multiple linear regression. The results of the study are LDR, BOPO, Exchange Rate, CAR, Bank Size and Inflation have no simultaneous and partial effect on NPL in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Keywords: Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Operating Cost of Operating Income (BOPO), Exchange Rate, Capital Adequacy Ratio, Bank Size, Inflation and Non Performing Loan (NPL).

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Ruban, М. Yu. « TO THE HISTORY OF RENEWING THE PARK OF FREIGHT CARS OF THE STATE RAILWAYS OF UKRAINE (1918 – 1919) ». Railbound Rolling Stock, n^o 22 (2021) : 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47675/2304-6309-2021-22-92-104.

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The article attempts to investigate the historical circumstances of technological renewal of the fleet of freight cars of the state railways of Ukraine in 1918-1919. It is found that in conditions of political instability and deep economic crisis its sustainable operation. The need for coherence in the operation of railway transport was due to the aggravation of the final act of the First World War, which also affected the technical task of rolling stock in the context of its equipment with means of transporting troops. It is determined that against the background of limited available resources, domestic machine-building enterprises presented conceptual samples of biaxial covered freight cars of the NTV type, developed on the basis of all the requirements of the time, taking into account possible technical replacements of individual components. The reasons for the slowdown in the process of renewal of the rolling stock of state railways, as well as the general restoration of the transport industry of Hetman Ukraine in 1918-1919 are clarified. the latest examples of legendary monuments of domestic car building should be a priority for the revitalization of the technological heritage of railway transport of Ukraine. Further study of the topic requires clarification of a wide range of issues concerning the impact of these events on the restoration of the Soviet railway industry in the first half of the 1920s. The practical significance of the proposed study can be introduced into the development of the concept of restoration of historical rolling stock for the branch museum collection of Ukrainian railways. Key words: freight car, rolling stock, railways of Ukraine, industry, transport.

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Prayoga, Renal Adi, Didit Supriyadi et Nunung Nurhasanah. « Pengaruh Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional, Capital Adequacy Ratio Dan Resiko Kredit Terhadap Profitabilitas Pada Bank Umum BUMN Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2010 - 2020 ». Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 5, n^o 2 (21 mai 2022) : 1122–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v5i2.3298.

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This study was conducted to examine the effect of Operating Costs on Operating Income, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and credit risk on profitability (ROA). The problems discussed are (1) Does the Operating Cost of Operating Income affect profitability, (2) Does the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) affect profitability, (3) Does credit risk have a significant effect on profitability (4) Does the Operational Cost of Operating Income, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and credit risk simultaneously have a significant effect on profitability. The data used in the study was obtained from the Financial Statements of the publications of state-owned banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2010-2020 period. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that the Operating Cost of Operating Income (BOPO) has a significant but negative effect on profitability, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) has no significant and negative effect on profitability, credit risk has a positive and significant effect on profitability. Simultaneously shows the results that the Operational Cost of Operating Income (BOPO), Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and credit risk have a significant effect on the profitability of state-owned commercial banks for the 2010-2020 period. Keywords: Bopo, car, credit risk, profitability

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Maulida, Milda, Idang Nurodin et Gatot Wahyu Nugroho. « Analisis Rasio Kecukupan Modal (CAR) Dan Loan To Deposit Ratio (LDR) Terhadap Return On Equity (ROE) Pada Perusahaan Perbankan Yang Terdaftar Di Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) ». Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 5, n^o 2 (10 avril 2022) : 1007–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v5i2.2726.

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This study aims to determine the effect of the variables Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) on Return On Equity (ROE). This study uses quantitative methods. The object of this research is the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) and Return On Equity (ROE). This research method is in the form of numbers and analysis using statistics. The data analysis technique in this study used parametric statistics. The results of this study indicate that simultaneously and partially the variables Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) have a positive and significant effect on Return On Equity (ROE). Fcount 1.955 > Ftable 3.130 then H3 is accepted and H3 is rejected. So it can be concluded, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio have no effect on Return On Equity. So it can be concluded, Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan to Deposit Ratio have no effect on Return On Equity in Banking Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). Meanwhile, from the results of the t-test value, namely Tcount 4.261 > 1.667, it shows that Tcount is greater than Ttable so it can be concluded that the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) and Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) variables have an influence on Return On Equity (ROE). Keywords: Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Return On Equity (ROE)

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Hapner, Edie R., Kellie L. Bauer et Justin C. Wise. « The Impact of a Community-Based Oral, Head and Neck Cancer Screening for Reducing Tobacco Consumption ». Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 145, n^o 5 (21 juillet 2011) : 778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811415804.

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Objective. Examine the usefulness of large-scale community-based head and neck cancer screening for reducing tobacco use in an at-risk population. Questions answered: (1) Is participating in a community-based head and neck cancer screening related to a reduction in tobacco usage? (2) Do differing factors between participants predict behavior change? Study Design. Survey based with a longitudinal follow-up component. Setting. Atlanta Motor Speedway during a National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing (NASCAR) race event. Subjects and Methods. Recruited NASCAR fans (n = 620). Initial screening and 11-question survey for 6-month telephone follow-up. Results. One hundred fifty-six participants (25%) required medical follow-up. Chi-square analysis indicated a significantly higher proportion of smokers (13%) evidenced positive findings compared to nonsmokers (8%) or past smokers (6%). Kruskal-Wallis analysis followed by Dunn’s multiple comparison post hoc test indicated smokers were from a significantly lower socioeconomic status background compared to nonsmokers. Analysis of variance indicated contacted participants reported smoking significantly fewer cigarettes per day 6 months postscreening compared to the number of cigarettes smoked at the baseline. Forty-four (59%) participants reported reducing the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and 11 participants reported quitting smoking. Conclusion. The authors have demonstrated that large-scale community-based head and neck cancer screenings can be effectively implemented in nonmedical venues. This study demonstrated that targeting education for reduction of risk factors in the NASCAR population positively affected tobacco cessation.

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Kobishchanov, Vladimir, Dmitriy Antipin, Dmitriy Rasin et Marina Manueva. « METHODS DEVELOPMENT OF STRENGTH AND RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF ROLLING-STOCK BEARING STRUCTURE USING MATHEMATICAL MODELING METHODS ». Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2020, n^o 3 (5 mars 2020) : 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-3-29-37.

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The purpose of the work is a procedure formation for the analysis of strength and reliability of rolling-stock bearing structure using methods of mathematical modeling. Its appraisal is shown by the example of improvements in a universal gondola car bearing structure. The procedure offered is formed by a mathematical modeling of bearing structure dynamic loading in the rolling-stock operation including shunting movement encounters. At the first stage of the procedure the dynamic computer simulations of a rail crew movement on way roughness are under development. As a result of modeling there are defined dynamic loads influencing a bearing structure in operation. The analysis of the stress-strain state of the bearing structure is carried out on the basis of detailed shell finite element models. The computation is carried out in a dynamic position through the method of the direct integration of nodal-relocation equations. The estimate of bearing structures fatigue life in a pivot area was carried out on the basis of the linear hypothesis of fatigue damages summation, the power approximation of a material fatigue curve and scheming dynamic stresses affecting the structure through the method of complete cycles. Within the limits of the procedure the history of loading was presented as a step function. On the basis of the results of a stress-strain state in the bearing structure of a gondola car body in a static and dynamic location there is carried out the analysis of fatigue life in a pivot area of the gondola car and the conclusions were drawn regarding crack-like defect occurrence in a center plate arrangement of a frame. There are offered three versions for updating the pivot joint of a gondola car with the purpose of its fatigue life increase. For each version of updating there are developed corresponding detailed finite element models of the pivot area and on their basis the analysis of strength and fatigue life is performed. On the basis of computation results and taking into account the manufacturability of center plate arrangement production an efficient version is recommended for updating a pivot joint of a gondola car. The pivot joint modernization according to the version offered allowed decreasing maximum acting stresses in the pivot joint by 27% and increasing service life of the welded joint elements up to 29 years.

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Safronov, О. М. « HIGH-SPEED ROLLING STOCK OF UKRAINE ». Railbound Rolling Stock, n^o 22 (2021) : 32–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.47675/2304-6309-2021-22-32-42.

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A brief history of the development of high-speed passenger traffic in the countries of the world is shown, it is shown that the length of high-speed highways (SMM) in the world is 44 thousand km. Despite the fact that Ukraine is not included in the list of 28 countries with the SMM, a two-system electric train ECR1 "Tarpan" was created on the basis of the PUBLIC JOINT STOCK COMPANY "KRYUKOVSKY RAILWAY CAR BUILDING WORKS" (PJSC "KVBZ") for the speed of movement of more than 200 km / h. A description of the electric train and the peculiarities of the brake system are given. It is shown that the brake system corresponds to world counterparts for high-speed trains about what evidence test results, which, due to the lack of ATS, were carried out for a speed of 160 km / h. The results of the settlement research, using the mathematical model and the results of the driving brake tests, showed that the braking pathway of the electric train at a speed of 200 km / h is 1539 m, and at a speed of 300 km / h - 3172 m. The obtained brake path values comply with the technical requirements of the European Union TSI . Studies confirm that Ukraine has high-speed rolling stock for speeds up to 300 km / h. Key words: high-speed rolling stock, electric train, brake system, brake path, speed

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Zumarnis, Rizki, et Moch Irsad. « Pengaruh CAR ( Capital Adequacy Ratio ), NPL (Non Performing Loan ), ROA (Return On Asset ), Dan BOPO ( Biaya Operasional Pendapatan Operasional ) Terhadap Penyaluran Kredit Pada Bank Umum Yang Terdaftar Di Otoritas Jasa Keuangan Periode 2016-2021 ». Journal of Economic, Bussines and Accounting (COSTING) 6, n^o 2 (26 février 2023) : 1584–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/costing.v6i2.5259.

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The banking industry is a crucial component of a nation's economic growth. Banking also performs the function of an intermediary institution, collecting monies from the community and redistributing them in the form of credit. Internal considerations that must be taken into account while channeling credit include those related to capital (proxied by CAR), koliektibilitas (proxied by NPL), profitability (proxied by ROA), measuring efficiency ( proxied BOPO). The research intends to examine the relationship between credit banking listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non-Performing Loans (NPL), Return On Assets (ROA), and Operational Efficiency Ratio (BOPO). The subjects of this study were financial institutions registered with OJK between 2016 and 2021. The research sample consisted of 86 banking institutions. Multiple linear regression analysis is the method used in this research. Based on the analysis completed, it was determined that the ratio of CAR and ROA has a considerable favorable impact on the distribution of banking credit. The distribution of banking credit was significantly impacted negatively by the NPL percentage. While the distribution of banking credit is unaffected by the BOPO ratio. Keywords : Capital Adequacy Ratio, Non Performing Loan, Return On Assets, Operational Efficiency Ratio, Credit Distribution

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Ruban, Mykola, et Andrii Fomin. « Mastering and development of industrial production of rolling stock in Ukraine (1991–2022) ». History of science and technology 12, n^o 2 (16 décembre 2022) : 340–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32703/2415-7422-2022-12-2-340-366.

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The article attempts to investigate the historical circumstances of the mastering and development of the industrial production of rolling stock in Ukraine from 1991 to 2021. The aim of the article is to carry out a retrospective analysis of events and a historical and technical summary of the main measures, problems, and consequences of the development of industrial production of rolling stock in Ukraine from 1991 to 2021 on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of sources and scientific literature. In the course of the scientific development of the proposed research, materials from mass-circulation newspapers, industry publications of railway transport, as well as technical studies of employees of manufacturing plants were used. It has been determined that during 1991‒2008, the engineering and design team of HC «Luhanskteplovoz», having a strong scientific and production potential, by order of the State Administration of Railway Transport – Ukrzaliznytsia – for the purpose of import substitution, designed and mastered the industrial production of innovative models of rolling stock for social purposes, namely diesel trains DEL-01 and DEL-02, as well as electric trains EPL2T and EPL9T to meet the needs of Ukrainian railways with high-tech equipment. It has been found that with the beginning of the economic and financial crisis of 2008 and a significant reduction in Ukrzaliznytsia's orders, the production of rolling stock at the facilities of HC “Luhanskteplovoz” was actually stopped, and the enterprise, privatized by a Russian investor, focused mainly on the production of locomotives. Instead, since 2012, the production of rolling stock on its own design platform has been mastered as part of the diversification of PJSC “Kriukiv Railway Car Building Works”. In the end, the historical experience of the formation and development of the Ukrainian research and production base of railway engineering needs to be properly understood in the context of a retrospective analysis of the industry's production activities to clarify the reasons for its inefficient development, as well as the determination of conceptual ways of harmonizing the domestic design and technological potential with the actual needs for updating the fleet of traction rolling stock of global transport operators. Further research into the history of the development of railway mechanical engineering in Ukraine requires clarification of the historical circumstances of the institutionalization of design bureaus of individual enterprises in the direction of scientific research activities.

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Kawade, Vedant, Sakshi Wankhade, Manjiri Raut, Sushen Pawar, Ashutosh Dhoke, Neha Dafade et Dr A. B. Deshmukh. « Automobile Service Center Management System ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, n^o 5 (31 mai 2023) : 4531–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52141.

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Abstract: The Garage Management System allows the user to keep track of all garage operations. It is a web-based tool that allows the user to manage the garage's stock, check for repair estimates, and schedule deliveries, among other things. It keeps track of the vehicle’s service history as well as the time spent in the mechanic's shop. It also keeps track of the car components inventory. It will keep track of all cars that have been maintained and will be able to send service reminders to clients depending on the service dates. Admin access to the Garage Management System is restricted. The administrator will be able to keep track of various users such as supervisors, receptionists, and principals, among others. It's a smart online Web App that can help garage owners keep track of events that occurs in garage. Customers are served by garage management system based on their servicing requirements. The major goal of this initiative is to eliminate manual labour

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Frigault, Matthew J., Jorg Dietrich, Kathleen M. E. Gallagher, Irene Scarfò, Mark Roschewski, Justin T. Jordan, Deborah A. Forst et al. « Tisagenlecleucel Demonstrates Safety, Efficacy and CNS Trafficking in Primary CNS Lymphoma ». Blood 138, Supplement 1 (5 novembre 2021) : 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-148444.

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Abstract Background: Three CD19 directed CAR-T products have gained FDA approval for systemic large B-cell lymphoma. Due to heightened concerns of immune cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), patients with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) were excluded from all pivotal CAR-T studies. Consequently, all three products carry a limitation of use in the PCNSL patient population per their FDA labels . Due to these exclusions, little is known about the treatment-related toxicities and therapeutic potential of the currently available CD19 directed CAR-T products in this challenging patient population with significant unmet need. Methods: Based on our prior experience of tisagenlecleucel in secondary CNS lymphoma (PMID: 31320380) we conducted a pilot study with expansion of tisagenlecleucel in adults with relapsed or refractory PCNSL (NCT04134117). Patients had to be 18 years of age or older and have had progression or relapse following methotrexate-based therapy. All patients needed a confirmed diagnosis of PCNSL without evidence of systemic disease. Patients received a standard regimen of fludarabine (25 mg/m 2) and cyclophosphamide (250 mg/m 2) daily on days -5, -4, and -3 of infusion and a dose of 0.6-6.0 x 10 8 tisagenlecleucel CAR+ T-cells. Patients who had progressed on prior BTKi were allowed to continue given its beneficial effect on CAR-T expansion and function with cessation by month 3. The primary endpoint of this study was tolerability and toxicity including the rate and grade of CRS and ICANS per the 2019 ASTCT (American Society of Transplantation and Cellular Therapy) consensus criteria. Secondary endpoints included overall response rate and complete response rate to tisagenlecleucel per the international PCNSL Collaborative Group (IPCG) criteria which included MRI and CSF assessments. Exploratory endpoints included long-term efficacy, expansion, persistence and phenotype of tisagenlecleucel, cytokine profiling of the blood and CSF and CNS trafficking of CAR-T cells. Results: As of April 1, 2021, 10 subjects (ages 35-70 years) were enrolled and 9 were infused with a median age of 67 years (range, 34-81). Of the 9 infused patients, the median time from leukapheresis to infusion was 30 days (range, 27-37). Patients were heavily pretreated prior to study enrollment and received a median of 4 prior lines of anti-neoplastic therapy. All patients had progressed or failed first line high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX); two had a history of prior thiotepa based autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). Eight out of 9 patients had progressed following a prior BTKi and/or an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) as part of TEDDI-R (temozolomide, etoposide, doxil, dexamethasone, ibrutinib and rituximab, n = 3), ViPOR (venetoclax, ibrutinib, prednisone, obinutuzumab and Revlimid, n = 3), or as monotherapy (n = 5) and 2 patients had received prior stereotactic radiotherapy. All patients had measurable disease at time of lymphodepletion (pre-infusion). Grade 1 CRS was observed in 6 patients with a median onset of 4 days (range, 1-5) following tisagenlecleucel and no patients required intervention for CRS. ICANS developed in 5 out of the 9 patients, only a single case of grade 3 ICANS, with a median time of onset was 5 days (range, 3-11). With a median follow-up of 7.43 months for survivors, 6/9 patients were alive with 4/9 showing ongoing responses (Figure 1). Expansion of tisagenlecleucel was demonstrated in the peripheral blood and CSF. Nanostring and RNA pathway analysis of CSF infiltrates demonstrated higher degrees of CNS CAR-T penetration in responding patients and increased T-cell and macrophage gene signatures. Peripheral and CSF cytokines were assessed. Conclusion: Tisagenlecleucel in r/r PCNSL was safe and efficacious in a highly refractory group of patients with significant unmet need. The majority of patients demonstrated a response per IPCG, including responses beyond 12 months. Tisagenlecleucel was found to expand in the peripheral blood and CNS with CSF gene signatures suggestive of higher CAR-T cell infiltrates in responding patients. Full trial safety data as well as additional follow-up and correlative studies will be presented. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Frigault: Editas: Consultancy; Iovance: Consultancy; Arcellx: Consultancy; Kite: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Consultancy. Dietrich: Unum: Consultancy; Blue Earth Diagnostics: Consultancy; Magnolia: Consultancy; Gamaka Bio: Consultancy; Beacon Biosignals: Research Funding; Boehringer Ingelheim: Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Medimmune: Research Funding; Acerta: Research Funding; Orbus: Research Funding. Jordan: CereXis: Consultancy; Recursion: Consultancy; Navio Theragnostics: Consultancy. Forst: Eli Lilly: Current holder of individual stocks in a privately-held company. Plotkin: AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Akuous: Consultancy; NFlection Therapeutics: Other: Co-founder; NF2 Therapeutics: Other: Co-founder. Spitzer: Qihan Bio: Consultancy; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Syneos Health: Consultancy. Defilipp: Omeros, Corp.: Consultancy; Incyte Corp.: Research Funding; Regimmune Corp.: Research Funding; Syndax Pharmaceuticals, Inc: Consultancy. Maus: Tmunity: Consultancy; Novartis: Consultancy; Micromedicine: Consultancy, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding; GSK: Consultancy; Intellia: Consultancy; In8bio (SAB): Consultancy; CRISPR therapeutics: Consultancy; Cabaletta Bio (SAB): Consultancy; BMS: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; Atara: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Astellas: Consultancy; Arcellx: Consultancy; Agenus: Consultancy; Adaptimmune: Consultancy; tcr2: Consultancy, Divested equity in a private or publicly-traded company in the past 24 months; century: Current equity holder in publicly-traded company; ichnos biosciences: Consultancy, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; Torque: Consultancy, Current holder of stock options in a privately-held company; WindMIL: Consultancy. Chen: Gamida: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy.

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Shadman, Mazyar, Jordan Gauthier, Sirin Khajavian, Alexandre V. Hirayama, Ryan C. Lynch, Stephen D. Smith, Chaitra S. Ujjani et al. « Relapsed or Refractory CLL after CD19-Specific CAR-T Therapy : Treatment Patterns and Clinical Outcomes ». Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13 novembre 2019) : 4294. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-126269.

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Background: Treatment of high-risk CLL remains challenging despite the introduction of novel therapeutic agents. Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has shown promising efficacy in these patients (pts) (Turtle, JCO, 2017; Gauthier, ASH, 2019), but progressive disease after CAR-T is not uncommon. Understanding the outcomes of pts with relapsed or refractory CLL after CAR-T is important for establishing a benchmark for trials in this setting and to study optimal treatment sequencing in high-risk CLL. Methods: CLL pts treated with CD19-specific CAR-T on a clinical trial (NCT01865617) at Fred Hutch/University of Washington were reviewed. Using the 2018 IWCLL definitions, we identified pts who had stable or progressive disease (SD/PD) on initial assessment (4 weeks) or had a relapse after a complete or partial response (CR/PR) at any time. Overall survival (OS) was calculated using the Kaplan-Maier estimates. For univariate models, we included del17p, complex karyotype (CK), ibrutinib (IB) and venetoclax (Ven) failure before CAR-T, number of prior treatment lines, Richter's transformation (RT), use of bridging treatment, bulky disease (>5cm) before CAR-T, cytokine release syndrome (CRS; ≥ grade 3), neurotoxicity (NT; ≥ grade 3), refractory vs. relapsed (after CAR-T), use of IB, Ven, idelalisib (Idela), repeat CAR-T or allogeneic transplant (allo-SCT) after CAR-T progression. Only factors with significant association in the univariable models (p < 0.05) were included in the multivariable analysis. Results: 28 pts were identified with refractory (n=16; 57%) or relapsed disease [n=12; 43% - median time to relapse after CAR-T was 11 months (1.8-23)] after CAR-T. Median age was 60 (41-70) and 25% were female. Nine pts (32%) had a history of RT. Cytogenetic changes were: del17p (71%), CK (78%), del11q (37%), del13q (43%) and +12 (11%). Details of pre-CAR-T treatments are outlined in table-1. Before CAR-T, 24 pts (86%) had progressed on IB, 10 (36%) on Ven and 6 (21%) on Idela. Nine pts (32%) had progressed on both IB and Ven before CAR-T and 5 pts (18%) had prior allo-SCT. Five pts (18%) received bridging therapy after leukapheresis. Lymphodepletion (LD) was with cyclophosphamide and fludarabine (CyFlu) in 25 pts (89%). CAR-T adverse events included CRS in 22 pts (grade 3 in 2 pts, no grade 4) and NT in 7 (grade 3 in 5 and no grade 4). Details of Post CAR-T failure treatments are summarized in table-2 Both IB and Ven were used after CAR-T even if pts had progressed on them before. For Ven, 5 of 11 patients who received Ven after CAR-T had progressed on it before but had a median duration of response (DOR) of 5 months (2-8) which was not different from pts who were Ven responsive before CAR-T [5 months (1-10); p = 0.95). This was not true for IB with DOR of 2 months (0.5-7) in pre-CAR-T IB failed vs. 12.25 months (6-18.5) in pre CAR-T IB responsive pts (p = 0.001). Fourteen pts (51%) had repeat CAR-T therapy on the same protocol and 6 had CR (3) or PR (3). Four of these patients relapsed later with a DOR after second CAR-T of 5.5 months (1-33). Six pts (23%) received an allo-SCT median 6.5 months after CAR-T progression (2-14) and 3 achieved a CR (2) or PR (1), 2 did not respond (PD=1; SD=1) and one died before assessment. Two of these pts relapsed 9 and 39 months after allo-SCT. Chemotherapy was used in 7 pts with no responses. From variables tested in univariable models, only 4 were entered to the multivariate analysis (p < 0.05) and all remained significantly associated with OS: history of progression on both IB and Ven before CAR-T was strongly associated with poor OS [hazard ratio (HR) 11.2 (95% CI: 2.5-50.5) ; p=0.002]. Receiving an allo-SCT after CAR-T progression was associated with an improved OS [HR 0.14 (95% CI: 0.02-0.97); p= 0.04]. Other factors were post CAR-T progression treatment with IB [HR 0.16 (95% CI: 0.04-0.68); p = 0.01] or Ven [HR 0.17 (95% CI: 0.03-0.8); p = 0.02]. Median OS for the entire cohort was 10.4 months (0.23-59). [Fig-1] Conclusion: This data sets a benchmark for clinical trials that intend to improve outcome of CLL pts with progression after CAR-T. OS after CAR-T progression was significantly shorter in pts who received CAR-T after failing both IB and Ven compared to others. This finding supports referring high-risk CLL pts for CAR-T treatment while still responsive to either IB (BTKis) or Ven. For eligible pts, allo-SCT seems to provide a higher chance of survival in pts who progress after CAR-T. Disclosures Shadman: Verastem: Consultancy; Acerta Pharma: Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; TG Therapeutic: Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Research Funding; Sound Biologics: Consultancy; AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; ADC Therapeutics: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Mustang Bio: Research Funding; Sunesis: Research Funding; BeiGene: Research Funding; Atara Biotherapeutics: Consultancy; Astra Zeneca: Consultancy. Hirayama:DAVA Oncology: Honoraria. Lynch:Takeda Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Juno Therapeutics: Research Funding; Rhizen Pharmaceuticals S.A: Research Funding; T.G. Therapeutics: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Johnson Graffe Keay Moniz & Wick LLP: Consultancy. Smith:Pharmacyclics: Research Funding; Portola Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb (spouse): Research Funding; Denovo Biopharma: Research Funding; Ayala (spouse): Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Ignyta (spouse): Research Funding; Acerta Pharma BV: Research Funding. Ujjani:AbbVie: Honoraria, Research Funding; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; PCYC: Research Funding; Astrazeneca: Consultancy; Genentech: Honoraria; Gilead: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics: Honoraria; PCYC: Research Funding; Atara: Consultancy. Kiem:Rocket Pharma: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; Homology Medicines: Consultancy, Equity Ownership; CSL Behring: Consultancy; Magenta Therapeutics: Consultancy. Till:Mustang Bio: Patents & Royalties, Research Funding. Gopal:Teva, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, Takeda, Seattle Genetics, Pfizer, Janssen, Takeda, and Effector: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics, Pfizer, Janssen, Gilead, Sanofi, Spectrum, Amgen, Aptevo, BRIM bio, Acerta, I-Mab-pharma, Takeda, Compliment, Asana Bio, and Incyte.: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics, Pfizer, Janssen, Gilead, Sanofi, Spectrum, Amgen, Aptevo, BRIM bio, Acerta, I-Mab-pharma, Takeda, Compliment, Asana Bio, and Incyte: Honoraria. Maloney:Juno Therapeutics: Honoraria, Patents & Royalties: patients pending , Research Funding; Celgene,Kite Pharma: Honoraria, Research Funding; BioLine RX, Gilead,Genentech,Novartis: Honoraria; A2 Biotherapeutics: Honoraria, Other: Stock options . Turtle:Eureka Therapeutics: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Humanigen: Other: Ad hoc advisory board member; Caribou Biosciences: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; T-CURX: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Juno Therapeutics: Patents & Royalties: Co-inventor with staff from Juno Therapeutics; pending, Research Funding; Nektar Therapeutics: Other: Ad hoc advisory board member, Research Funding; Precision Biosciences: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Allogene: Other: Ad hoc advisory board member; Kite/Gilead: Other: Ad hoc advisory board member; Novartis: Other: Ad hoc advisory board member. OffLabel Disclosure: CAR-T is not an approved treatment for CLL

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Sulym, A. O., Yu S. Pavlenko et O. M. Biletskyi. « STUDY OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF BEARING METAL STRUCTURES OF ELECTRIC TRACTION RAILWAY VEHICLES OF GEORGIAN RAILWAYS ». Railbound Rolling Stock, n^o 27 (27 décembre 2023) : 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.47675/2304-6309-2023-27-16-25.

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The article analyzes the operational fleet of electric traction rolling stock of the Georgian railway. It has been established that the majority of the operating vehicles used in suburban traffic consists of electric trains of the Riga Wagon-Building Plant that have served their specified service lifetime. The need to extend the service lifetime of existing electric railway vehicles as an alternative to purchasing new ones is substantiated. Scientific and experimental studies of the technical condition of traction electric rolling stock wagons and their supporting metal structures were carried out in order to determine the actual remaining service lifetime and make a reasoned decision about the feasibility of renovation and extending the service life of the examined wagons. An examination of the technical condition of all provided wagons was carried out, and the actual residual lifetime of each of them was determined based on the results of the study. It has been established that there are practically no mechanical damages to the elements of the metal structures of the car bodies. Significant local corrosion damage of the elements on the body bolster in the area where the toilets are located was revealed. At the same time, the general technical condition of the body bolster is completely satisfactory. Detected corrosion damage of the main bearing elements of metal structures is local in nature and does not exceed permissible values. The examined metal structures of the bodies of ЕР2 type electric trains have minor mechanical and corrosion damage. The possibility of modernizing electric train cars of the ЕР2 type with an extension of the service life for 5 years based on the results of determining their actual residual lifetime is substantiated.

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Thorat, Mr Vaibhav, et Mr Samyak Parekar. « Pre Engineering Building as a Modern Era : A Review ». International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, n^o 3 (31 mars 2022) : 1716–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40955.

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Abstract: Now A Days the cost and time of construction is in more priority for the client with the large working area for various uses. For the economically and minimum loss of material, pre-engineered building system (PEBs) has many advantage, because it gives more column free space at low cost. Pre-engineered metal buildings are more reliable for various uses like complex industrial facilities, warehouses and distribution centres, stock-house, shopping malls, resort, motor court, office, cabin, service complex, aircraft-hanger, athletics and fun stadium, study places, temples, hospitals, and any types of industrial structures. In the pre-engineered metal building system, the rigid frame consists of slab.The performance of the models in terms of weight comparison, cost comparison and time comparison. In this study, an industrial structure (factory truss) is analysed and designed according to the Indian standards, IS 800-1984, IS 800-2007. The various loads like dead, live, wind, seismic and snow loads according as per IS codes are considered for the present work for relative study of Pre-Engineered Buildings (PEB) and Conventional Steel Building (CSB). To compare the consequences of the numerous parametric studies to perform the variations in terms of sheer force, support reaction, weight correlation and cost evaluation. Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) without bracings is done in two examples. Later Pre Engineered Buildings (PEB) is analysed for Dynamic loads using El-Centro specified ground motion. STAAD Pro in accordance to British standards (BS 5950-1:2000) and Euro codes (EC3 EN-1993-1) with wind and seismic analysis. In order to achieve the above aim of the project, two models of the car showroom were created namely British Standard (BS) model and Euro code (EC) model using STAAD Pro. Keyword: Pre-engineered building (PEB), Conventional steel Building (CSB), Dynamic load, conventional structure, STAAD.pro software, Time History Analysis.

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Cork, T., et S. White. « Carbon Reduction Impact from Synchronising PrescriptionS (CRISPS) : A pilot study ». International Journal of Pharmacy Practice 32, Supplement_1 (1 avril 2024) : i12—i13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijpp/riae013.016.

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Abstract Introduction Synchronising the dates of patients’ repeat prescriptions can reduce monthly community pharmacy visits or home deliveries, which may improve patients’ adherence to medicines.[1] It should also reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with avoidable travel, but previous research does not appear to have determined the potential size of this reduction. This pilot study therefore attempted to do so using routinely collected data. Aim To estimate potential carbon savings from synchronising repeat medicines for a sample of patients from one community pharmacy. Methods All patients who had prescriptions dispensed four times per month or more from a single medium-sized (approximately 2,500 items dispensed per month) urban community pharmacy in England were identified from the pharmacy’s home delivery application. The threshold of four deliveries per month was selected to increase the likelihood of this frequency being due to asynchronised prescriptions. Data were collected (August 2023) for deliveries in June 2023 as there were no public holidays or events to affect prescription ordering. Data included patients’ postcode, delivery dates, and using the Patient Medication Record, the pharmacist collecting the data determined acute or one-off prescription items, that neither the patients nor the repeat medicines were new, and where deliveries were made to supply medicines owing. The pharmacy was selected because it efficiently managed stock to minimise items owing. The distance that would have been travelled was calculated as if the medicines had been collected from the pharmacy as a dedicated journey to and from the patient’s home address instead of being delivered. The saving in miles and CO2 emitted for different vehicle types was modelled by assuming that for each patient, all deliveries that were not for acute items or medicines owing could have been reduced to a single delivery if prescriptions had been synchronised. UK Government conversion factors were used to calculate CO2 emissions.[2] Results Data were collected for 59 patients, of whom 7 patients had 8 deliveries, 4 had 7 deliveries, 6 had 6 deliveries, 16 had 5 deliveries and 26 had 4 deliveries. The total number of deliveries to these patients was 269 but would have been 80 deliveries if the repeat prescriptions had been synchronised (70% reduction). The distance travelled would have been reduced from 842 miles to 241 miles (71% reduction). This would have resulted in a 71% reduction in CO2 emissions, although the reduction in volume in kilograms of CO2 emitted would have varied (by an estimated 137 Kg CO2 or 51%) depending on whether e.g., a small diesel car was used or a large petrol car (reduction of 133kg versus 270 kg CO2). An average diesel car was estimated to have reduced CO2 emissions by 163 kg. Conclusion The findings demonstrate that potential carbon savings from medicines synchronisation can be modelled from routinely collected data, but with limited accuracy, especially as patients receiving home deliveries may not be representative of all pharmacy users. Challenges remain in how to measure actual carbon savings of prescription synchronisation and overcoming barriers to widespread implementation of clinically appropriate synchronisation. References 1. Nguyen E, Sobieraj D. The impact of appointment-based medication synchronization on medication taking behaviour and health outcomes: A systematic review. J Clin Pharm Ther, 2017; 42: 404-413. 2. Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. Greenhouse gas conversion factors 2021 (last updated January 2022). Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2021#full-publication-update-history

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Bennani, N. Nora, Matthew J. Maurer, Loretta J. Nastoupil, Michael D. Jain, Julio C. Chavez, Amanda F. Cashen, Saurabh Dahiya et al. « Experience with Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (Axi-cel) in Patients with Secondary CNS Involvement : Results from the US Lymphoma CAR T Consortium ». Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13 novembre 2019) : 763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-129097.

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Introduction: Axicabtagene Ciloleucel (axi-cel), a CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, was approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in October, 2017. In the ZUMA-1 trial leading to axi-cel FDA approval, patients (pts) with prior or active secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma involvement were excluded. A recent publication of 8 pts with secondary CNS lymphoma who underwent Tisagenlecleucel CAR T cell therapy was reported (Frigault M.J.2019). Since the two FDA approved CAR T cell products have a different neurotoxicity profile, understanding outcomes of axi-cel in this setting is important. We report here the real-world experience of 17 pts treated with axi-cel who had a history of secondary CNS involvement or had active CNS disease at time of CAR T infusion. Methods: Seventeen academic centers from the US Lymphoma CAR T Consortium contributed data independently from the manufacturer. Data regarding secondary CNS involvement, management, and outcome were obtained in addition to CAR T therapy outcome for pts who were identified as having active, secondary CNS involvement at the time of evaluation for CAR-T therapy. Nine centers reported data on 17 cases with CNS involvement. Follow-up data was missing for one pt in the CNS cohort. Lee criteria or the modified Lee grading scale were used for cytokine release syndrome (CRS). CTCAEv4 or CARTOX grading were used for immune effector cells associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). All leukapheresed pts were included in the intention to treat (ITT) analysis for response rate and event-free survival (EFS). EFS was defined as date of leukapheresis until progression or death due to any cause. EFS was evaluated using Kaplan Meier curves with log-rank test. Differences in clinical characteristics and response between CNS and non-CNS pts were not formally tested due to small sample size and multiple comparison concerns. Results: With a data cut-off of 4/30/2019, 300 pts underwent leukapheresis with intention to manufacture standard of care axi-cel. By the time of leukapheresis, 17 (6%) had secondary CNS involvement (4 parenchymal disease, 10 leptomeningeal/CSF, 3 data not available). Compared to the non-CNS cohort, baseline demographics were comparable (Panel A). Manufactured axi-cel was within specification for 100% of the CNS cohort. There was a higher rate of bridging therapy use in the CNS cohort 82% (1 steroids only, 2 radiation therapy, 12 systemic therapy) vs 52% in non-CNS cohort; p=0.022. Time from leukapheresis to CAR T infusion was 3.5 days longer in the CNS cohort as opposed to the non-CNS cohort: median time of 29.5 (range 20-76) vs. 26 days (range 5-67), (p=0.029), respectively. The CAR T infusion rate was 88% for the CNS cohort (15/17) compared to 93% (262/283) in the non-CNS cohort. Among the 15 infused pts in the CNS cohort, 10 had resolution of CNS involvement, and 5 had persistent active CNS disease at time of CAR T infusion. After axi-cel infusion, the incidence of CRS and ICANS, of any grade or grade 3 or higher, were comparable between the CNS and non-CNS cohorts. Tocilizumab and steroid use were comparable between the two groups (Panel B). No seizures or cerebral edema were noted in the CNS cohort. With a median follow-up of 10.1 months from leukapheresis (range 7.6-12.6), the ITT best overall response rates (CR+PR) and ongoing responses at month 6 between CNS and non-CNS cohorts were 75% vs. 59%, and 41% vs. 31%, respectively (Panel B). In the 5 pts with active CNS disease at time of CAR T infusion, the response of CNS disease were 2 CR, 1 PR and 2 PD as best response. In the 10 pts with resolved CNS disease at time of CAR T infusion, 2 PD were seen and both occurred systemically. EFS from leukapheresis was not statistically significantly different between CNS and non-CNS cohorts (6 months EFS: CNS cohort, 36%; non-CNS cohort 57%. HR=1.58, 95% CI: 0.83-3.01, p=0.16, Panel C). Six month EFS from the date of infusion for the CNS cohort was 49.9% (Panel D). Conclusions: Pts attempting CAR T therapy with secondary CNS disease in the real world setting had similar rates of CAR T infusion, toxicity, and outcomes when compared to patients without CNS disease. Small sample size and limited follow-up caution the strength of conclusions for application to clinical practice, but these results support further investigation of CAR T in pts with history of or active secondary CNS lymphoma. Figure Disclosures Bennani: Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Purdue Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Research Funding; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board; Seattle Genetics: Other: Advisory board; Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board; Adicet Bio: Other: Advisory board; Kite Pharma: Other: Advisory board. Maurer:Celgene: Research Funding; Nanostring: Research Funding; Morphosys: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Nastoupil:Bayer: Honoraria; Spectrum: Honoraria; TG Therapeutics: Honoraria, Research Funding; Novartis: Honoraria; Janssen: Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead: Honoraria; Genentech, Inc.: Honoraria, Research Funding; Celgene: Honoraria, Research Funding. Jain:Kite/Gilead: Consultancy. Chavez:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Genentech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Speakers Bureau; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Karyopharm: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bayer: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Cashen:Seattle Genetics: Other: Speaker's Bureau; Novartis: Other: Speaker's Bureau; Celgene: Other: Speaker's Bureau. Reagan:Kite, A Gilead Company: Consultancy; Curis: Consultancy; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding. Oluwole:Pfizer: Consultancy; Spectrum: Consultancy; Gilead Sciences: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy. McGuirk:Novartis: Research Funding; Fresenius Biotech: Research Funding; Astellas: Research Funding; Bellicum Pharmaceuticals: Research Funding; Kite Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gamida Cell: Research Funding; Pluristem Ltd: Research Funding; ArticulateScience LLC: Other: Assistance with manuscript preparation; Juno Therapeutics: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Deol:Novartis: Other: Advisory board; Kite: Other: Advisory board; Agios: Other: Advisory board. Sehgal:Juno/Celgene: Research Funding; Merck: Research Funding; Kite/Gilead: Research Funding. Goy:COTA: Equity Ownership, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: leadership role for profit healthcare company; Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Astrazenca: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; University of Nebraska: Research Funding; Hakensackumc: Research Funding; Takeda: Other: Grants outside of the submitted work; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding; Genentech: Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding; Hackensack University Medical Center, RCCA: Employment; Acerta: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Other: Grants outside of the submitted work, Research Funding. Hill:Abbvie: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; TG therapeutics: Research Funding; AstraZeneca: Consultancy, Honoraria; Kite: Consultancy, Honoraria; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria; Celegene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pharmacyclics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Genentech: Consultancy, Research Funding; Takeda: Research Funding; Amgen: Research Funding. Vu:Celgene: Other: Stock. Andreadis:Genentech: Equity Ownership, Other: Spouse is Employee; Novartis: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Gilead: Consultancy; Jazz Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy. Munoz:Incyte: Research Funding; Portola: Research Funding; Celgene: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Bayer: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; AstraZeneca: Speakers Bureau; Pharmacyclics LLC an AbbVie Company: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Kite Pharma: Consultancy, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Gilead: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; Fosunkite: Speakers Bureau; Kyowa: Consultancy, Honoraria, Speakers Bureau. Vose:Acerta Pharma: Honoraria, Other: Grants, Research Funding; Bristol-Meyers Squibb Company: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Research Funding; Incyte Corporation: Research Funding; Kite Pharma: Honoraria, Other: Grants, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Seattle Genetics: Research Funding; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Epizyme: Consultancy, Honoraria; Legend Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria. Miklos:Miltenyi Biotech: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Becton Dickinson: Research Funding; AlloGene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Precision Bioscience: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; BMS: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite-Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Juno: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Locke:Kite: Other: Scientific Advisor; Novartis: Other: Scientific Advisor; Cellular BioMedicine Group Inc.: Consultancy. Neelapu:Unum Therapeutics: Consultancy, Research Funding; BMS: Research Funding; Pfizer: Consultancy; Incyte: Consultancy; Poseida: Research Funding; Allogene: Consultancy; Merck: Consultancy, Research Funding; Kite, a Gilead Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Karus: Research Funding; Precision Biosciences: Consultancy; Cell Medica: Consultancy; Acerta: Research Funding; Cellectis: Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Consultancy. Lin:Novartis: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Juno: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Kite/Gilead: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BlueBird Bio: Research Funding; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Sorrento: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees.

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