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Articles de revues sur le sujet « Spinal cord computational model »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 31 juillet 2025

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1

Arle, Jeffrey E., Nicolae Iftimia, Jay L. Shils, Longzhi Mei, and Kristen W. Carlson. "Dynamic Computational Model of the Human Spinal Cord Connectome." Neural Computation 31, no. 2 (2019): 388–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/neco_a_01159.

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Connectomes abound, but few for the human spinal cord. Using anatomical data in the literature, we constructed a draft connectivity map of the human spinal cord connectome, providing a template for the many calibrations of specialized behavior to be overlaid on it and the basis for an initial computational model. A thorough literature review gleaned cell types, connectivity, and connection strength indications. Where human data were not available, we selected species that have been studied. Cadaveric spinal cord measurements, cross-sectional histology images, and cytoarchitectural data regardi

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Akanksha Kaushik. "A Computational Neural Network Model Depicting Bradykinesia in Parkinson’s Disease." Journal of Information Systems Engineering and Management 10, no. 42s (2025): 1203–30. https://doi.org/10.52783/jisem.v10i42s.8656.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is caused by a deficiency of dopamine (DA) as a result of cell death in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). Though most computational studies of Parkinson's disease (PD) have concentrated on the effects of dopamine depletion in the basal ganglia, it's crucial to remember that the spinal cord, frontal and parietal cortex, and other areas have considerable dopamine innervation. A network model must be created to investigate how patterns of dopamine depletion across important cellular sites in the spinal cord, cortex, and basal gangl

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Shevtsova, Natalia A., Erik Z. Li, Shayna Singh, Kimberly J. Dougherty, and Ilya A. Rybak. "Ipsilateral and Contralateral Interactions in Spinal Locomotor Circuits Mediated by V1 Neurons: Insights from Computational Modeling." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (2022): 5541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105541.

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We describe and analyze a computational model of neural circuits in the mammalian spinal cord responsible for generating and shaping locomotor-like oscillations. The model represents interacting populations of spinal neurons, including the neurons that were genetically identified and characterized in a series of previous experimental studies. Here, we specifically focus on the ipsilaterally projecting V1 interneurons, their possible role in the spinal locomotor circuitry, and their involvement in the generation of locomotor oscillations. The proposed connections of these neurons and their invo

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Jérusalem, Antoine, Julián A. García-Grajales, Angel Merchán-Pérez, and José M. Peña. "A computational model coupling mechanics and electrophysiology in spinal cord injury." Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology 13, no. 4 (2013): 883–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10237-013-0543-7.

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Pithapuram, Madhav Vinodh, and Mohan Raghavan. "Automatic rule-based generation of spinal cord connectome model for a neuro-musculoskeletal limb in-silico." IOP SciNotes 3, no. 1 (2022): 014001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2633-1357/ac585e.

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Abstract Studying spinal interactions with muscles has been of great importance for over a century. However, with surging spinal-related movement pathologies, the need for computational models to study spinal pathways is increasing. Although spinal cord connectome models have been developed, anatomically relevant spinal neuromotor models are rare. However, building and maintaining such models is time-consuming. In this study, the concept of the rule-based generation of a spinal connectome was introduced and lumbosacral connectome generation was demonstrated as an example. Furthermore, the rule

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Lempka, Scott F., Cameron C. McIntyre, Kevin L. Kilgore, and Andre G. Machado. "Computational Analysis of Kilohertz Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management." Anesthesiology 122, no. 6 (2015): 1362–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000649.

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Abstract Background: Kilohertz frequency spinal cord stimulation (KHFSCS) is an emerging therapy for treating refractory neuropathic pain. Although KHFSCS has the potential to improve the lives of patients experiencing debilitating pain, its mechanisms of action are unknown and thus it is difficult to optimize its development. Therefore, the goal of this study was to use a computer model to investigate the direct effects of KHFSCS on specific neural elements of the spinal cord. Methods: This computer model consisted of two main components: (1) finite element models of the electric field genera

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Bilston, Lynne E., Marcus A. Stoodley, and David F. Fletcher. "The influence of the relative timing of arterial and subarachnoid space pulse waves on spinal perivascular cerebrospinal fluid flow as a possible factor in syrinx development." Journal of Neurosurgery 112, no. 4 (2010): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2009.5.jns08945.

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Object The mechanisms of syringomyelia have long puzzled neurosurgeons and researchers alike due to difficulties in identifying the driving forces behind fluid flow into a syrinx, apparently against a pressure gradient between the spinal cord and the subarachnoid space (SAS). Recently, the synchronization between CSF flow and the cardiac cycle has been postulated to affect fluid flow in the spinal cord. This study aims to determine the effect of changes in the timing of SAS pressure on perivascular flow into the spinal cord. Methods This study uses a computational fluid dynamics model to inves

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Solanes, Carmen, Jose L. Durá, M. Ángeles Canós, Jose De Andrés, Luis Martí-Bonmatí, and Javier Saiz. "3D patient-specific spinal cord computational model for SCS management: potential clinical applications." Journal of Neural Engineering 18, no. 3 (2021): 036017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/abe44f.

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Sarntinoranont, Malisa, Rupak K. Banerjee, Russell R. Lonser, and Paul F. Morrison. "A Computational Model of Direct Interstitial Infusion of Macromolecules into the Spinal Cord." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 31, no. 4 (2003): 448–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.1558032.

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Sarntinoranont, Malisa, Xiaoming Chen, Jianbing Zhao, and Thomas H. Mareci. "Computational Model of Interstitial Transport in the Spinal Cord using Diffusion Tensor Imaging." Annals of Biomedical Engineering 34, no. 8 (2006): 1304–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10439-006-9135-3.

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Fardadi, Mahshid, J. C. Leiter, Daniel C. Lu, and Tetsuya Iwasaki. "Model-based analysis of the acute effects of transcutaneous magnetic spinal cord stimulation on micturition after spinal cord injury in humans." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 7 (2024): e1012237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012237.

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Aim After spinal cord injuries (SCIs), patients may develop either detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) or urinary incontinence, depending on the level of the spinal injury. DSD and incontinence reflect the loss of coordinated neural control among the detrusor muscle, which increases bladder pressure to facilitate urination, and urethral sphincters and pelvic floor muscles, which control the bladder outlet to restrict or permit bladder emptying. Transcutaneous magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied to the spinal cord after SCI reduced DSD and incontinence. We defined, within a mathematical model,

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Persson, Cecilia, Jon Summers, and Richard M. Hall. "The Effect of Cerebrospinal Fluid Thickness on Traumatic Spinal Cord Deformation." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 27, no. 4 (2011): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.27.4.330.

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A spinal cord injury may lead to loss of motor and sensory function and even death. The biomechanics of the injury process have been found to be important to the neurological damage pattern, and some studies have found a protective effect of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, the effect of the CSF thickness on the cord deformation and, hence, the resulting injury has not been previously investigated. In this study, the effects of natural variability (in bovine) as well as the difference between bovine and human spinal canal dimensions on spinal cord deformation were studied using a previo

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Leblond, Lugdivine, Patrice Sudres, and Morgane Evin. "Cerebro-spinal flow pattern in the cervical subarachnoid space of healthy volunteers: Influence of the spinal cord morphology." PLOS ONE 19, no. 8 (2024): e0290927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0290927.

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Introduction Toward further cerebro-spinal flow quantification in clinical practice, this study aims at assessing the variations in the cerebro spinal fluid flow pattern associated with change in the morphology of the subarachnoid space of the cervical canal of healthy humans by developing a computational fluid dynamics model. Methods 3D T2-space MRI sequence images of the cervical spine were used to segment 11 cervical subarachnoid space. Model validation (time-step, mesh size, size and number of boundary layers, influences of parted inflow and inflow continuous velocity) was performed a 40-y

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Sarntinoranont, Malisa, Michael J. Iadarola, Russell R. Lonser, and Paul F. Morrison. "Direct interstitial infusion of NK1-targeted neurotoxin into the spinal cord: a computational model." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 285, no. 1 (2003): R243—R254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00472.2002.

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Convection-enhanced delivery of substance P (SP) nocitoxins to the spinal cord interstitium is under consideration for the treatment of chronic pain. To characterize treatment protocols, a three-dimensional finite-element model of infusion into the human dorsal column was developed to predict the distribution of SP-diphtheria toxin fusion protein (SP-DT′) within normal and target tissue. The model incorporated anisotropic convective and diffusive transport through the interstitial space, hydrolysis by peptidases, and intracellular trafficking. For constant SP-DT′ infusion (0.1 μl/min), the dis

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Howell, Bryan, Shivanand P. Lad, and Warren M. Grill. "Evaluation of Intradural Stimulation Efficiency and Selectivity in a Computational Model of Spinal Cord Stimulation." PLoS ONE 9, no. 12 (2014): e114938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0114938.

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Ziraldo, Cordelia, Alexey Solovyev, Ana Allegretti, et al. "A Computational, Tissue-Realistic Model of Pressure Ulcer Formation in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury." PLOS Computational Biology 11, no. 6 (2015): e1004309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004309.

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Ziraldo, C., A. Solovyev, A. Allegretti, et al. "A computational, tissue-realistic model of pressure ulcer formation in individuals with spinal cord injury." Journal of Critical Care 28, no. 1 (2013): e23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.10.061.

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Linge, Svein O., Kent-A. Mardal, Anders Helgeland, John D. Heiss, and Victor Haughton. "Effect of craniovertebral decompression on CSF dynamics in Chiari malformation Type I studied with computational fluid dynamics." Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine 21, no. 4 (2014): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2014.6.spine13950.

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Object The effect of craniovertebral decompression surgery on CSF flow dynamics in patients with Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) has been incompletely characterized. The authors used computational fluid dynamics to calculate the effect of decompression surgery on CSF flow dynamics in the posterior fossa and upper cervical spinal canal. Methods Oscillatory flow was simulated in idealized 3D models of the normal adult and the CM-I subarachnoid spaces (both previously described) and in 3 models of CM-I post–craniovertebral decompressions. The 3 postoperative models were created from the CM mode

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Zander, Hans, Krzysztof E. Kowalski, Anthony F. DiMarco, and Scott F. Lempka. "A Computational Model of Upper Thoracic High‐Frequency Spinal Cord Stimulation to Optimize Inspiratory Muscle Activation." FASEB Journal 34, S1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04201.

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Stein, Paul S. G. "Central pattern generators in the turtle spinal cord: selection among the forms of motor behaviors." Journal of Neurophysiology 119, no. 2 (2018): 422–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00602.2017.

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Neuronal networks in the turtle spinal cord have considerable computational complexity even in the absence of connections with supraspinal structures. These networks contain central pattern generators (CPGs) for each of several behaviors, including three forms of scratch, two forms of swim, and one form of flexion reflex. Each behavior is activated by a specific set of cutaneous or electrical stimuli. The process of selection among behaviors within the spinal cord has multisecond memories of specific motor patterns. Some spinal cord interneurons are partially shared among several CPGs, whereas

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Singh, Anita, Kalyani Ghuge, Yashvy Patni, and Sriram Balasubramanian. "Experimental Biomechanics of Neonatal Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries Using a Piglet Model." Bioengineering 12, no. 1 (2025): 91. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12010091.

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Background: A brachial plexus avulsion occurs when the nerve root separates from the spinal cord during birthing trauma, such as shoulder dystocia or a difficult vaginal delivery. A complete paralysis of the affected levels occurs post-brachial plexus avulsion. Despite being reported in 10–20% of brachial plexus birthing injuries, it remains poorly diagnosed during the acute stages of injury, leading to poor intervention approaches. The poor diagnosis of brachial plexus avulsion injury can be attributed to the currently unavailable biomechanics of brachial plexus avulsion. While the biomechani

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Brucker-Hahn, Meagan, Megan Settell, Justin Chin, et al. "O013 COMPUTATIONAL MODELING OF EVOKED COMPOUND ACTION POTENTIALS DURING EPIDURAL SPINAL CORD STIMULATION IN A SWINE MODEL." Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 28, no. 1 (2025): S59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2024.09.114.

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Shils, Jay, Kris Carlson, Longzhi Mei, and Jeffrey Arle. "34. Mechanism of therapeutic benefit with dorsal column stimulation using a computational model of the spinal cord." Clinical Neurophysiology 125, no. 5 (2014): e23-e24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2013.12.037.

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Gadomski, Benjamin C., Bradley J. Hindman, Mitchell I. Page, Franklin Dexter, and Christian M. Puttlitz. "Intubation Biomechanics: Clinical Implications of Computational Modeling of Intervertebral Motion and Spinal Cord Strain during Tracheal Intubation in an Intact Cervical Spine." Anesthesiology 135, no. 6 (2021): 1055–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004024.

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Background In a closed claims study, most patients experiencing cervical spinal cord injury had stable cervical spines. This raises two questions. First, in the presence of an intact (stable) cervical spine, are there tracheal intubation conditions in which cervical intervertebral motions exceed physiologically normal maximum values? Second, with an intact spine, are there tracheal intubation conditions in which potentially injurious cervical cord strains can occur? Methods This study utilized a computational model of the cervical spine and cord to predict intervertebral motions (rotation, tra

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Candito, Antonio, Richard Holbrey, Ana Ribeiro, et al. "Deep Learning for Delineation of the Spinal Canal in Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Imaging: Normalising Inter- and Intra-Patient Intensity Signal in Multi-Centre Datasets." Bioengineering 11, no. 2 (2024): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11020130.

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Background: Whole-Body Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (WBDWI) is an established technique for staging and evaluating treatment response in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and advanced prostate cancer (APC). However, WBDWI scans show inter- and intra-patient intensity signal variability. This variability poses challenges in accurately quantifying bone disease, tracking changes over follow-up scans, and developing automated tools for bone lesion delineation. Here, we propose a novel automated pipeline for inter-station, inter-scan image signal standardisation on WBDWI that utilizes robust segmen

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De Los Santos, Jennifer, Smadar Arvatz, Oshrit Zeevi, Shay levi, Zeev Bomzon, and Tal Marciano. "INNV-05. TUMOR TREATING FIELDS (TTFIELDS) TREATMENT PLANNING FOR A PATIENT WITH ASTROCYTOMA IN THE SPINAL CORD." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.489.

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Abstract BACKGROUND The use of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) following resection and chemoradiation has increased survival in patients with Glioblastoma. Randomized data provide strong rationale for planning TTFields transducer array placement to maximize TTFields dose at the tumor in a patient-specific manner. Here we present a case demonstrating the use of numerical simulations for patient-specific TTFields treatment planning for a spinal tumor. METHODS Treatment planning was performed for a 48 year old patient following T10-L1 laminectomy, gross total resection, and postoperative chemora

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Crodelle, Jennifer, and Pedro D. Maia. "A Computational Model for Pain Processing in the Dorsal Horn Following Axonal Damage to Receptor Fibers." Brain Sciences 11, no. 4 (2021): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11040505.

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Computational modeling of the neural activity in the human spinal cord may help elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in the complex processing of painful stimuli. In this study, we use a biologically-plausible model of the dorsal horn circuitry as a platform to simulate pain processing under healthy and pathological conditions. Specifically, we distort signals in the receptor fibers akin to what is observed in axonal damage and monitor the corresponding changes in five quantitative markers associated with the pain response. Axonal damage may lead to spike-train delays, evoked potential

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Chafaï, Magda, Ariane Delrocq, Perrine Inquimbert, et al. "Dual contribution of ASIC1a channels in the spinal processing of pain information by deep projection neurons revealed by computational modeling." PLOS Computational Biology 19, no. 4 (2023): e1010993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1010993.

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Dorsal horn of the spinal cord is an important crossroad of pain neuraxis, especially for the neuronal plasticity mechanisms that can lead to chronic pain states. Windup is a well-known spinal pain facilitation process initially described several decades ago, but its exact mechanism is still not fully understood. Here, we combine both ex vivo and in vivo electrophysiological recordings of rat spinal neurons with computational modeling to demonstrate a role for ASIC1a-containing channels in the windup process. Spinal application of the ASIC1a inhibitory venom peptides mambalgin-1 and psalmotoxi

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Nakayama, Takayuki, and Hidenori Kimura. "Trajectory tracking control of robot arm by using computational models of spinal cord and cerebellum." Systems and Computers in Japan 35, no. 11 (2004): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scj.10646.

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Hillen, Brian K., Devin L. Jindrich, James J. Abbas, Gary T. Yamaguchi, and Ranu Jung. "Effects of spinal cord injury-induced changes in muscle activation on foot drag in a computational rat ankle model." Journal of Neurophysiology 113, no. 7 (2015): 2666–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00507.2014.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) can lead to changes in muscle activation patterns and atrophy of affected muscles. Moderate levels of SCI are typically associated with foot drag during the swing phase of locomotion. Foot drag is often used to assess locomotor recovery, but the causes remain unclear. We hypothesized that foot drag results from inappropriate muscle coordination preventing flexion at the stance-to-swing transition. To test this hypothesis and to assess the relative contributions of neural and muscular changes on foot drag, we developed a two-dimensional, one degree of freedom ankle musc

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Shuaib, Ali, Ali K. Bourisly, and Eman Alazmi. "Fluence as a Function of Weight: A Photobiomodulation Therapy (PBMT) Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Rat Model—A Computational Study." IEEE Photonics Journal 12, no. 6 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2020.3033476.

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Le Franc, Yann, and Gwendal Le Masson. "Multiple Firing Patterns in Deep Dorsal Horn Neurons of the Spinal Cord: Computational Analysis of Mechanisms and Functional Implications." Journal of Neurophysiology 104, no. 4 (2010): 1978–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00919.2009.

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Deep dorsal horn relay neurons (dDHNs) of the spinal cord are known to exhibit multiple firing patterns under the control of local metabotropic neuromodulation: tonic firing, plateau potential, and spontaneous oscillations. This work investigates the role of interactions between voltage-gated channels and the occurrence of different firing patterns and then correlates these two phenomena with their functional role in sensory information processing. We designed a conductance-based model using the NEURON software package, which successfully reproduced the classical features of plateau in dDHNs,

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Roy, Abhishek, Santimoy Sen, Rudradip Das, Amit Shard, and Hemant Kumar. "Modulation of the LIMK Pathway by Myricetin: A Protective Strategy Against Neurological Impairments in Spinal Cord Injury." Neurospine 21, no. 3 (2024): 878–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14245/ns.2448546.273.

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Objective: Spinal cord injury (SCI), one of the major disabilities concerning central nervous system injury, results in permanent tissue loss and neurological impairment. The existing therapeutic options for SCI are limited and predominantly consist of chemical compounds. In this study, we delved into the neuroprotective effects of myricetin, a natural flavonoid compound, and the underlying mechanisms, specifically in the context of SCI, utilizing an in vivo model. Previously, our investigations revealed an elevation in the phosphorylated form of Lin-11, Isl-1, and Mec-3 kinase1 (LIMK1) at chr

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Bruel, Alice, Ignacio Abadía, Thibault Collin, et al. "The spinal cord facilitates cerebellar upper limb motor learning and control; inputs from neuromusculoskeletal simulation." PLOS Computational Biology 20, no. 1 (2024): e1011008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011008.

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Complex interactions between brain regions and the spinal cord (SC) govern body motion, which is ultimately driven by muscle activation. Motor planning or learning are mainly conducted at higher brain regions, whilst the SC acts as a brain-muscle gateway and as a motor control centre providing fast reflexes and muscle activity regulation. Thus, higher brain areas need to cope with the SC as an inherent and evolutionary older part of the body dynamics. Here, we address the question of how SC dynamics affects motor learning within the cerebellum; in particular, does the SC facilitate cerebellar

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Silva, Afonso J. C., Ricardo J. Alves de Sousa, Fábio A. O. Fernandes, Mariusz Ptak, and Marco P. L. Parente. "Development of a Finite Element Model of the Cervical Spine and Validation of a Functional Spinal Unit." Applied Sciences 12, no. 21 (2022): 11295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122111295.

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The cervical spine is a common site of injury in the vertebral column, with severe injuries often associated with damage to the spinal cord. Several studies have been performed to better understand the mechanisms of such situations and develop ways to treat or even prevent them. Among the most advantageous and most widely used methods are computational models, as they offer unique features such as providing information on strains and stresses that would otherwise be difficult to obtain. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to help better understand the mechanics of the neck by creatin

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Kinzel, A., O. Yesharim, A. Naveh, and Z. Bomzon. "P11.18 Tumor treating fields (TTFields) treatment of spinal cord metastases." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_3 (2019): iii46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz126.164.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) is an anti-mitotic cancer treatment approved for the treatment of Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and is currently also investigated in a phase III trial in 1–10 brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (METIS). Apart from spread to the brain, some cancer types, such as breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma, may lead to metastatic spread to the spinal cord. Previous studies have shown that reported transducer array layouts for the treatment of abdominal/pelvic tumors (e.g. pancreatic cancer), with one pair of arrays positioned on th

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York, Gareth, Hugh Osborne, Piyanee Sriya, Sarah Astill, Marc de Kamps, and Samit Chakrabarty. "The effect of limb position on a static knee extension task can be explained with a simple spinal cord circuit model." Journal of Neurophysiology 127, no. 1 (2022): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00208.2021.

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The role of sensory feedback in motor control when limbs are held in a fixed position is disputed. We performed a novel experiment involving fixed position tasks based on two common clinical tests. We identified patterns of muscle activity during the tasks that changed with different leg positions and then inferred how sensory feedback might influence the observations. We developed a computational model that required three distinct inputs to reproduce the activity patterns observed experimentally. The model provides a neural explanation for how the activity patterns can be changed by sensory f

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de Los Santos, Jennifer, Smadar Arvatz, Oshrit Zeevi, et al. "RBIO-01. DEVELOPING THE FRAMEWORK FOR TUMOR TREATING FIELDS (TTFIELDS) TREATMENT PLANNING FOR A PATIENT WITH ASTROCYTOMA IN THE SPINAL CORD." Neuro-Oncology 23, Supplement_6 (2021): vi191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noab196.758.

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Abstract The use of Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) following resection and chemoradiation has increased survival in patients with Glioblastoma. Patient-specific planning for TTFields transducer array placement has been demonstrated to maximize TTFields dose at the tumor: providing higher TTFields intensity (≥ 1.0 V/cm) and power density (≥ 1.1 mW/cm3) which are associated with improved overall survival. Treatment planning was performed for a 48 year old patient following T10-L1 laminectomy, gross total resection, and postoperative chemoradiation for an anaplastic astrocytoma of the spinal co

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Santos, Jennifer De Los, Smadar Arvatz, Oshrit Zeevi, et al. "Abstract 3447: Tumor treating fields (TTFields) treatment planning for a patient with astrocytoma in the spinal cord." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (2022): 3447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-3447.

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Abstract Objectives: The use of TTFields following resection and chemoradiation has increased survival in patients with Glioblastoma (Stupp, et al. JAMA. 2015;314:2535-2543). Randomized data provide a strong rationale for the treatment of high grade gliomas using TTFields with individualized array placement that maximizes the dose at the tumor in a patient-specific manner: providing higher TTFields intensity (≥1.0 V/cm) and power density (≥1.1 mW/cm3) which are associated with improved overall survival (Ballo, et al. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2019;104:1106-11). Here for the first time, we

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A/L Vengadesarao, Divyarao, Siti Salasiah Binti Mokri, Ashrani Aizuddin Abd Rahni, and Asma Amirah Nazarudin. "TRANSFORMER NETWORK FOR BRAIN GLIOMA SEGMENTATION IN MRI IMAGES." International Journal of Advanced Research 13, no. 06 (2025): 714–22. https://doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/21130.

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Glioma is a form of tumor that grows in the brain or spinal cord, forming a mass that can press on surrounding tissue and cause symptoms. To diagnose glioma and to assess the tumor volume, manual segmentation of gliomas in MRI images is normally performed. However, manual segmentation takes time and is exposed to human errors due to diagnostic variability among experts. This study proposes a deep learning approach using a Transformer Network to enhance segmentation accuracy and improve diagnostic efficiency.The research utilizes the BraTS 2021 dataset, consisting of 374 MRI scans with ground t

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Laura, Adrian Porras, Robert Graham, Ehsan Mirzakhalili, Evan Rogers, Vishwanath Sankarasubramanian, and Scott Lempka. "ID: 203787 Patient-Specific Computational Models to Characterize Physiological Effects of Spinal Cord Stimulation for Chronic Pain Management." Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 26, no. 4 (2023): S165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2023.04.291.

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de Almeida, Romulo Augusto Andrade, Daniel Ledbetter, Xizi Wu, et al. "Abstract 3339: TTFields for the management of spinal metastases in in vitro and in vivo models." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (2024): 3339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-3339.

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Abstract Spine metastases often affect cancer patients, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. Their prevalence has increased over time due to the progressive improvements in cancer management which led to a longer survival of these individuals. Radiation therapy is the mainstay treatment for local control of these lesions, with surgery reserved for selected cases (e.g., spinal instability, neurological deficits secondary to neural compression requiring urgent decompression, separation surgery). Chemotherapy addresses the diffusely metastatic spread. However, when spinal metastases pr

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Maza, Rodrigo M., María Asunción Barreda-Manso, David Reigada, et al. "MicroRNA-138-5p Targets Pro-Apoptotic Factors and Favors Neural Cell Survival: Analysis in the Injured Spinal Cord." Biomedicines 10, no. 7 (2022): 1559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10071559.

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The central nervous system microRNA miR-138-5p has attracted much attention in cancer research because it inhibits pro-apoptotic genes including CASP3. We hypothesize that miR-138-5p downregulation after SCI leads to overexpression of pro-apoptotic genes, sensitizing neural cells to noxious stimuli. This study aimed to identify miR-138-5p targets among pro-apoptotic genes overexpressed following SCI and to confirm that miR-138-5p modulates cell death in neural cells. Gene expression and histological analyses revealed that the drop in miR-138-5p expression after SCI is due to the massive loss o

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Lempka, Scott. "IS014 PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS AND MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF SPINAL CORD STIMULATION TO TREAT PAIN: INSIGHTS FROM COMPUTATIONAL MODELS AND QUANTITATIVE SENSORY TESTING." Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface 28, no. 1 (2025): S8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurom.2024.09.023.

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Laschowski, Brock, Naser Mehrabi, and John McPhee. "Inverse Dynamics Modeling of Paralympic Wheelchair Curling." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 33, no. 4 (2017): 294–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2016-0143.

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Paralympic wheelchair curling is an adapted version of Olympic curling played by individuals with spinal cord injuries, cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, and lower extremity amputations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there has been no experimental or computational research published regarding the biomechanics of wheelchair curling. Accordingly, the objective of the present research was to quantify the angular joint kinematics and dynamics of a Paralympic wheelchair curler throughout the delivery. The angular joint kinematics of the upper extremity were experimentally measured using

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Kerensky, Max J., Abhijit Paul, Denis Routkevitch, et al. "Tethered spinal cord tension assessed via ultrasound elastography in computational and intraoperative human studies." Communications Medicine 4, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43856-023-00430-6.

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Abstract Background Tension in the spinal cord is a trademark of tethered cord syndrome. Unfortunately, existing tests cannot quantify tension across the bulk of the cord, making the diagnostic evaluation of stretch ambiguous. A potential non-destructive metric for spinal cord tension is ultrasound-derived shear wave velocity (SWV). The velocity is sensitive to tissue elasticity and boundary conditions including strain. We use the term Ultrasound Tensography to describe the acoustic evaluation of tension with SWV. Methods Our solution Tethered cord Assessment with Ultrasound Tensography (TAUT)

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Takasawa, Eiji, Mitsunari Abe, Hirotaka Chikuda, and Takashi Hanakawa. "A computational model based on corticospinal functional MRI revealed asymmetrically organized motor corticospinal networks in humans." Communications Biology 5, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-022-03615-2.

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AbstractEvolution of the direct, monosynaptic connection from the primary motor cortex to the spinal cord parallels acquisition of hand dexterity and lateralization of hand preference. In non-human mammals, the indirect, multi-synaptic connections between the bilateral primary motor cortices and the spinal cord also participates in controlling dexterous hand movement. However, it remains unknown how the direct and indirect corticospinal pathways work in concert to control unilateral hand movement with lateralized preference in humans. Here we demonstrated the asymmetric functional organization

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Rycman, Aleksander, Stewart McLachlin, and Duane S. Cronin. "A Hyper-Viscoelastic Continuum-Level Finite Element Model of the Spinal Cord Assessed for Transverse Indentation and Impact Loading." Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology 9 (August 12, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.693120.

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Finite Element (FE) modelling of spinal cord response to impact can provide unique insights into the neural tissue response and injury risk potential. Yet, contemporary human body models (HBMs) used to examine injury risk and prevention across a wide range of impact scenarios often lack detailed integration of the spinal cord and surrounding tissues. The integration of a spinal cord in contemporary HBMs has been limited by the need for a continuum-level model owing to the relatively large element size required to be compatible with HBM, and the requirement for model development based on publis

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"Computational Modeling of SAR and Heat Distribution in Lossy Medium at GSM Frequencies." East European Journal of Physics, no. 4 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2312-4334-2018-4-14.

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In recent years, institution has increased imposition of electromagnetic radiation in many applications. This radiation react with the human tissue and may lead to harmful and injurious effects on human health. However a finite difference thermal model of lossy medium as (spinal cord of human body) has been developed to calculate temperature rises generated in the spinal cord by radiation from cellular telephones with different frequencies. The natural metabolic heat production and the power density absorbed from the electromagnetic field have been evaluated. The specific absorption rate (SAR)

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Li, Guijin, Gustavo Balbinot, Julio Cesar Furlan, Sukhvinder Kalsi-Ryan, and José Zariffa. "A computational model of surface electromyography signal alterations after spinal cord injury." Journal of Neural Engineering, November 10, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1741-2552/ad0b8e.

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Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) can cause significant impairment and disability with an impact on the quality of life for individuals with SCI and their caregivers. Surface electromyography (sEMG) is a sensitive and non-invasive technique to measure muscle activity and has demonstrated great potential in capturing neuromuscular changes resulting from SCI. The mechanisms of the sEMG signal characteristic changes due to SCI are multi-faceted and difficult to study in vivo. In this study, we utilized well-established computational models to characterize changes in sEMG signal after SCI and iden

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