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1

O'Donnell, Daniel. « Trends in the application of international humanitarian law by United Nations human rights mechanisms ». International Review of the Red Cross 38, no 324 (septembre 1998) : 481–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400091282.

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UN human rights mechanisms continue to proliferate, producing numerous decisions and voluminous reports. This article reviews the ways in which such mechanisms apply international humanitarian law, including the law of Geneva and the law of The Hague. In doing so, it focuses mainly on the practice of the rapporteurs appointed by the UN Commission on Human Rights to investigate the human rights situations in specific countries and on that of the thematic rapporteurs and working groups which the Commission has entrusted with monitoring specific types of serious human rights violations wherever they occur, in particular the Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions and the Representative of the Secretary-General on Internally Displaced Persons, whose mandates most often lead them to examine abuses occurring in the context of armed conflicts. Reference is also made to two innovative mechanisms which functioned in El Salvador: the first UN-sponsored “truth commission” and the first human rights monitoring body established as part of a comprehensive mechanism for monitoring compliance with a UN-sponsored peace agreement. Certain observations made by treaty monitoring bodies are also mentioned.
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Schuldt, Lasse. « Southeast Asian Hesitation : ASEAN Countries and the International Criminal Court ». German Law Journal 16, no 1 (1 mars 2015) : 75–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s207183220001943x.

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In one of his final press releases, the former United Nations Special Rapporteur on the human rights situation in Myanmar, Tomás Ojea Quintana, urged that greater attention be given to the further deterioration of the human rights situation in Rakhine State. He submitted that the discrimination and persecution against the Rohingya community in Rakhine could amount to crimes against humanity. In his final report, prior to the end of his six-year mandate, Quintana states that “extrajudicial killing, rape, and other forms of sexual violence, arbitrary detention, torture, and ill-treatment in detention, denial of due process and fair trial rights, and the forcible transfer and severe deprivation of liberty of populations has taken place on a large scale and has been directed against” the Rohingya Muslim population in Rakhine State. However, there is no sign that any of the alleged crimes are being adequately investigated by the competent domestic authorities. Furthermore, the ICC does not have jurisdiction as Myanmar is not a State Party to the Rome Statute.
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3

Weissbrodt, David. « The Three “Theme” Special Rapporteurs of the UN Commission on Human Rights ». American Journal of International Law 80, no 3 (juillet 1986) : 685–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2201794.

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In March 1982, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights initiated the appointment of a Special Rapporteur on Summary or Arbitrary Executions. The Special Rapporteur on Summary or Arbitrary Executions has done far more than merely study that grave human rights problem; he has received complaints about impending and past executions, issued appeals to governments about threatened executions and the need to investigate past killings, and reported publicly on much of his activity. The Commission on Human Rights not only has renewed the Special Rapporteur on Summary or Arbitrary Executions in its subsequent annual sessions, but has followed this precedent by appointing in 1985 a similar Special Rapporteur on Torture and in 1986 a Special Rapporteur on Intolerance and Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief.
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4

KATEKA, JAMES L. « John Dugard's Contribution to the Topic of Diplomatic Protection ». Leiden Journal of International Law 20, no 4 (décembre 2007) : 921–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156507004530.

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An overview of the Draft Articles on Diplomatic Protection is followed by an assessment of the role of the Special Rapporteur, Professor John Dugard. It is concluded that the Special Rapporteur played a crucial role in the Commission's achievement on the topic.
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SHIRYOVA, I. V. « MANDATE AND ACTIVITIES OF THE SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR ON THE NEGATIVE IMPACT OF UNILATERAL COERCIVE MEASURES ON THE ENJOYMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS ». Economic Problems and Legal Practice 20, no 2 (28 avril 2024) : 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2541-8025-2024-20-2-147-153.

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The article discusses issues related to the mandate and activities of the Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures on the enjoyment of human rights, sanctions.It is obvious that since the establishment of the mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the negative impact of unilateral coercive measures, there remains a need to extend the activities of this Special Procedure, since further work is required to assess the impact of unilateral coercive measures imposed bypassing the UN Security Council and their consequences on human rights and the achievement of sustainable development goals.
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Zhanbossinova, A., et N. Potapova. « Protocols of extra-judicial instances as a source for the study of mass operations of 1937-1938 in the Kazakh SSR ». Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 145, no 4 (2023) : 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523//2616-7255-2023-145-4-74-91.

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This article characterizes such a massive source for the study of the Great Terror as an extrajudicial decision. During the period 1937–1938. The NKVD authorities carried out repression in three main areas, which included the “kulak” operation, a series of “national” punitive actions, as well as prosecutions against violators of the passport regime, criminal and declassed elements. Endowed with extrajudicial powers, the security officers independently sentenced those arrested to various penalties, including the death penalty. Extrajudicial bodies (“kulak”, police, Special troika, Special meeting under the NKVD of the USSR, Commission of the NKVD and the Prosecutor of the USSR), created to pronounce and approve sentences, recorded their repressive decisions. Until now, access to these types of sources is difficult, but they contain rich material for the study of mass operations. The researchers of this article managed to collect decisions of extrajudicial instances in the Kazakh SSR, deposited in Russian and Kazakh archives. Using their example, a description is given of each type of extrajudicial protocols that functioned during the years of the Great Terror. It is concluded that this type of sources is important material for the study of political terror, since detailed data processing allows us to draw conclusions about the scale of repression, target categories, mechanisms of implementation, both at the regional and union levels, and territorial features of persecution.
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7

Zhanbosinova, A., et N. Potapova. « Protocols of extra-judicial instances as a source for the study of mass operations of 1937-1938 in the Kazakh SSR ». Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 145, no 4 (2023) : 74–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2023-145-4-74-91.

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This article characterizes such a massive source for the study of the Great Terror as an extrajudicial decision. During the period 1937–1938. The NKVD authorities carried out repression in three main areas, which included the “kulak” operation, a series of “national” punitive actions, as well as prosecutions against violators of the passport regime, criminal and declassed elements. Endowed with extrajudicial powers, the security officers independently sentenced those arrested to various penalties, including the death penalty. Extrajudicial bodies (“kulak”, police, Special troika, Special meeting under the NKVD of the USSR, Commission of the NKVD and the Prosecutor of the USSR), created to pronounce and approve sentences, recorded their repressive decisions. Until now, access to these types of sources is difficult, but they contain rich material for the study of mass operations. The researchers of this article managed to collect decisions of extrajudicial instances in the Kazakh SSR, deposited in Russian and Kazakh archives. Using their example, a description is given of each type of extrajudicial protocols that functioned during the years of the Great Terror. It is concluded that this type of sources is important material for the study of political terror, since detailed data processing allows us to draw conclusions about the scale of repression, target categories, mechanisms of implementation, both at the regional and union levels, and territorial features of persecution.
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8

Connell, Tula. « ‘Labor Rights Are Human Rights’ : An Interview with Maina Kiai, UN Special Rapporteur on the Rights to Freedom of Peaceful Assembly and of Association ». Journal of Working-Class Studies 2, no 1 (1 juin 2017) : 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/jwcs.v2i1.6053.

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Although the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights includes the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association among its thirty articles, more than sixty years elapsed before working people’s rights to form unions and assemble was accorded attention by the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC). The omission of worker rights’ issues reflects a global international perspective that historically has not embraced workplace rights within the larger human rights framework. The UNHRC’s appointment of a Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of peaceful assembly and of association in 2011 marked a noteworthy step in broadening the dialogue. Special Rapporteur Maina Kiai has strongly argued that a first step toward addressing the harsh effects of globalization on millions of workers around the world begins with the eradication of the artificial distinction between labor rights and human rights. As Special Rapporteur, Kiai has underscored the centrality of the global working class, and argued that the ability of the working class to exercise fundamental workplace rights is a prerequisite for a broad range of other rights, whether economic, social, cultural or political.
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9

Sage, Colin. « Food security, food sovereignty and the special rapporteur ». Dialogues in Human Geography 4, no 2 (25 juin 2014) : 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2043820614537156.

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10

Pinheiro, Paulo Sergio. « Being a special rapporteur : a delicate balancing act ». International Journal of Human Rights 15, no 2 (février 2011) : 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.537464.

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11

Smith, Rhona K. M. « The possibilities of an independent special rapporteur scheme ». International Journal of Human Rights 15, no 2 (février 2011) : 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.537465.

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12

Boyle, Kevin. « Interview with Special Rapporteur on Torture Nigel Rodley ». Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 13, no 4 (décembre 1995) : 435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016934419501300404.

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13

Evans, Carolyn. « Strengthening the Role of the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief ». Religion & ; Human Rights 1, no 1 (2006) : 75–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103206777493429.

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AbstractThe Special Rapporteur holds the key United Nations mandate for the protection of freedom of religion and belief. This article gives an overview of the establishment and developing role of the Rapporteur and considers the way in which the three individuals who have held the office so far have carried out their mandate. It assesses the effectiveness of the methodologies used by the Rapporteur and, in particular, questions the shift of emphasis from prevention to protection. It then analyses the way in which the Rapporteurs have dealt with some of the substantive issues required by their role. The example of religious defamation is given to demonstrate the dangers of Rapporteurs taking overly simplistic approaches to complex issues. Finally a number of areas where further consideration is needed—in particular with respect to funding, the development of a treaty on religious freedom and the relationship with States—are briefly overviewed. The article concludes that the performance of the Rapporteurs have been exceptional, particularly given the limited financial resources allocated to the mandate and the complexities of the problems with which the mandate deals.
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14

Bull, Ray. « Improving the Interviewing of Suspects Using the PEACE Model : A Comprehensive Overview ». Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice 65, no 1 (1 janvier 2023) : 80–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjccj.2023-0003.

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In light of psychological research, a growing number of countries/organizations have decided to adopt a model/approach of “investigative interviewing” of suspects that does not rely on coercive or oppressive methods. In 2016, the United Nations’ “Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel, inhumane or degrading treatments” (law professor Juan Mendez) submitted his report to the United Nations, which stated that “The Special Rapporteur … advocates the development of a universal protocol identifying a set of standards for non-coercive interviewing methods and procedural safeguards that ought, as a matter of law and policy, to be applied at a minimum to all interviews by law enforcement officials, military and intelligence personnel and other bodies with investigative mandates.” When mentioning this “universal protocol” in 2016, the U.N. Special Rapporteur noted that “The essence of an alternative information-gathering model was first captured by the PEACE model of interviewing adopted in 1992 in England and Wales … investigative interviewing can provide positive guidance for the protocol.” The “universal protocol” took three years to produce and was published in 2021. This article will overview (i) the evolution of the PEACE method, (ii) some of the research on effectiveness of aspects of the PEACE method, and (iii) the 2021 publication called Principles of Effective Interviewing.
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15

Bray, David Barton. « Rodolfo Stavenhagen : The UN Special Rapporteur on Indigenous Peoples ». American Anthropologist 113, no 3 (24 août 2011) : 502–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1433.2011.01359.x.

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16

Pinheiro, Paulo Sérgio. « Musings of a UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights ». Global Governance : A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations 9, no 1 (3 août 2003) : 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/19426720-00901003.

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17

Wiener, Michael. « The Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief—Institutional, Procedural and Substantive Legal Issues ». Religion & ; Human Rights 2, no 1-2 (2007) : 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103107x218911.

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AbstractThe Role of the UN Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief has already been outlined by Carolyn Evans in the first issue of Religion and Human Rights on pages I:75–96. In the meantime, a doctoral thesis on the mandate of the Special Rapporteur was submitted by Michael Wiener to the Law Faculty at Trier University in Germany. e following article is the annotated English summary of this 350 pages strong thesis which has recently been published with the title Das Mandat des UN-Sonderberichterstatters über Religions- oder Weltanschauungsfreiheit—Institutionelle, prozedurale und materielle Rechtsfragen (Peter Lang, Frankfurt am Main, Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien, 2007). It explores various legal issues of the mandate in terms of institutional, procedural and substantive questions that have arisen in the Special Rapporteur's mandate practice from 1986 to 2006.
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18

Shandurenko, Galina V. « Visit to the Russian State Library of the Special Rapporteur of the United Nations in the Field of the Cultural Rights ». Bibliotekovedenie [Russian Journal of Library Science], no 3 (22 juin 2012) : 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/0869-608x-2012-0-3-84-86.

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19

Villaroman, Noel. « Places of Worship ». Journal of Law, Religion and State 3, no 3 (12 août 2014) : 276–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22124810-00303003.

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The present paper analyzes the substance of the right to establish and maintain places of worship in order to reveal the elements that make up its conceptual core. First, the process of international standard-setting in human rights is explained, in particular the important contribution of the un Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief to standard-setting. Second, the paper summarizes the outcomes of the standard-setting activities of the un Human Rights Committee and of the Special Rapporteur on Freedom of Religion or Belief with respect to places of worship. The analysis demonstrates the significance of the right to establish and maintain places of worship − a key religious freedom norm which aims to ensure that the structural requirement of religious freedom is adequately met.
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Nanri, Takahiro. « Initiatives to address leprosy as a human rights issue through the mandate of UN Special Rapporteur : Achievements and challenges ». PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 16, no 3 (17 mars 2022) : e0010201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010201.

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Leprosy, or Hansen’s disease, is one of the oldest infectious diseases in the world. It has long been associated with stigma and discrimination, but only in recent years has this aspect been formally recognized by the international community as a human rights issue. The UN Human Rights Council first adopted a resolution on leprosy in 2008, and this was later followed by a UN General Assembly resolution in 2010. Nonbinding principle and guidelines on elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members accompanied the 2010 resolution, but these have yet to be fully implemented. In 2017, the Human Rights Council appointed a Special Rapporteur on leprosy to investigate the extent to which the principles and guidelines have been implemented, and her term was extended for a further 3 years in 2020. Considering the proper implementation of the principles and guidelines to be key to eliminating the discrimination that persons affected by leprosy and their families face in various parts of the world, this paper looks at the contribution the Special Rapporteur can make. Based on an assessment of her activities to date, it concludes that the Special Rapporteur has actively worked to build networks with persons affected by leprosy and related organizations and gain their trust, but has faced challenges in organizing official country visits. It goes on to analyze what sort of legacy the Special Rapporteur should aim to leave behind after completing her second term and how she can go about doing so in the time remaining. To this end, it makes 5 suggestions: (1) gather information systematically on the actual situation of discrimination; (2) compile a collection of success stories; (3) ensure that there is consistency between legally binding international covenants and treaties and the principles and guidelines; (4) present proposals for concrete actions that can be taken after the Special Rapporteur’s second term ends; and (5) initiate a feasibility study on creating an “index” and “indicators” to measure the current status of stigma and discrimination and the extent to which the principles and guidelines have been implemented.
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Kariseb, Kennedy. « The responsivity of the mechanism of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa in combating violence against women ». Stellenbosch Law Review 33, no 1 (2022) : 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47348/slr/2022/i1a2.

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By using the mechanism of the Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Women in Africa (SRRWA) as a matrix, this article assesses the responsivity of the mechanism of the SRRWA in combating violence against women (“VAW”). The article argues that the mechanism of the SRRWA has taken up the challenge of contributing, in a substantive manner, to norms development relating to VAW. It finds that although VAW is not an explicit thematic area in the mandate of the SRRWA, compared to the United Nations Human Rights Council’s special rapporteur on violence against women, its causes and consequences, in practice it features quite distinctly in the work of the mechanism. This is indicative of the modest focus, response and contribution of the mechanism to this intractable human rights issue.
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Turner, Mandy. « Richard Falk : “Citizen Pilgrim” in the Role of UN Special Rapporteur ». Journal of Palestine Studies 48, no 3 (2019) : 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2019.48.3.59.

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Richard Falk's quest to combine academic scholarship with political activism is witnessed throughout his lifework, but perhaps especially so during his tenure as United Nations special rapporteur on human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, a position he held from 2008 to 2014. Falk is a vocal critic of Israel's occupation and a staunch supporter of Palestinian selfdetermination, positions that have drawn strong condemnation from Israel and its supporters, but praise from Palestinians and their supporters. There is little doubt that Falk's work has had a huge influence on public debate and activism pertaining to this issue, both within Israel-Palestine as well as globally. This article outlines Falk's scholarship and activism regarding Palestine, analyzes the post of UN special rapporteur in general, reviews both criticism of and support for Falk's work, and assesses Falk's concept of the “citizen pilgrim.” It concludes by reflecting on what this reveals about the experience of praxis for politically engaged academics.
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Nissen, Aleydis. « Gender-Transformative Remedies for Women Human Rights Defenders ». Business and Human Rights Journal 8, no 3 (octobre 2023) : 369–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bhj.2023.41.

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Abstract In its 2019 report to the Human Rights Council, the United Nations (UN) Working Group on business and human rights emphasized that ‘gender-transformative’ remedies can bring ‘change to patriarchal norms and unequal power relations that underpin discrimination, gender-based violence and gender stereotyping’. This article aims to deepen our knowledge of such remediation for women human rights defenders who fight against corporate human rights abuses. Human rights remediation is highly fragmented. This has the advantage that remedies at one level can offer sources of learning for remedies at other levels. This article uses relevant communications that the UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights defenders sent to states and corporations jointly with other Special Procedures (including the UN Special Rapporteur on violence against women and girls, its causes and consequences and the UN Working Group on discrimination against women and girls in law and practice) between 2011 and 2020 as a source of learning.
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Mukherjee, Amrita. « The fact-finding missions of the special rapporteur on torture ». International Journal of Human Rights 15, no 2 (février 2011) : 265–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13642987.2011.537470.

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Boseley, Sarah. « Paul Hunt : UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health ». Lancet 370, no 9585 (août 2007) : 381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61179-9.

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Holmes, David. « Dainius Pūras : UN Special Rapporteur on the right to health ». Lancet 385, no 9971 (mars 2015) : 847. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60474-3.

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Kent, George. « What is the right to food ? » World Nutrition 13, no 4 (31 décembre 2022) : 71–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26596/wn.202213471-74.

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On October 28, 2022 Michael Fakhri, the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food presented a report to the United Nations General Assembly, the highest level of governance in the world (Fakhri, Michael 2022). He called on the United Nations system to strengthen its efforts to ensure fulfillment of the right to food. These Special Rapporteurs have led the efforts for many years. In 2005 I published a book titled Freedom From Want: The Human Right to Adequate food. (Kent 2005). Its preface was written by Jean Zeigler, the first United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Right to Food, starting in 2000. He summarized my book, with a conclusion that in effect introduces this commentary: “Human rights are not only unashamedly utopian, but also eminently practical. Human rights can make a difference. It is time to make the right to food a reality.” This commentary discusses how the goal of making the right to food a reality could be expedited by developing a clear and widely shared understanding of what it means.
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Oxman, Bernard H. « Some Observations on the Draft Conclusions on Identification of Customary Law Provisionally Adopted by the ILC’s Drafting Committee at the Sixty-Sixth Session (2014) ». AJIL Unbound 108 (2014) : 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2398772300009016.

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This Commission project is a useful one. It rests on exemplary work by the Special Rapporteur. I would hope that brief mention of a few matters that may benefit from further reflection at this stage could be of some assistance as work on this matter continues.
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Bradley, Miriam. « All Lives Are Equal but Some Lives Are More Equal than Others ». Journal of Humanitarian Affairs 1, no 2 (1 mai 2019) : 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7227/jha.013.

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Abstract In 2015, Action Contre la Faim launched a campaign calling on the UN to create a new post, that of a Special Rapporteur for the protection of humanitarian aid workers. Critics of the proposal claimed, inter alia, that creating such a post would imply that aid workers were a special category of civilians, worthy of protection over and above that accorded the wider population in the contexts in which they work.1 This raises an important issue which runs deeper than the campaign for a Special Rapporteur. The present article argues that, with or without such a post, the current situation is one in which humanitarian agencies treat aid workers as distinct and separate from the wider civilian population, and take significantly different measures for the safety of their staff from those they take for other civilians. For the most part, the distinction and associated differences are uncritically accepted, and this article sets out to challenge such acceptance by highlighting the nature of the differences, assessing possible explanations for the underlying distinction and considering its implications. Through this analysis, the article argues that this distinction not only reflects but also reinforces an unequal valuing of lives internationally.
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Hansen, Marit. « Interview with the UN special rapporteur on the right to privacy ». Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD 39, no 12 (novembre 2015) : 786–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11623-015-0519-0.

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Alston, Philip, Bassam Khawaja et Rebecca Riddell. « Much ado about poverty : the role of a UN Special Rapporteur ». Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 27, no 3 (1 octobre 2019) : 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/175982719x15633498713650.

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Gallagher, Anne T., et Joy Ngozi Ezeilo. « The UN Special Rapporteur on Trafficking : A Turbulent Decade in Review ». Human Rights Quarterly 37, no 4 (2015) : 913–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2015.0063.

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Bahtiri, Dr Sc Bedri, et MSc Islam Qerimi. « Mediation as a Way of Alternative Resolution of Disputes in Kosovo ». ILIRIA International Review 4, no 1 (30 juin 2014) : 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v4i1.66.

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This work tackles mediation in Kosovo grounded on the special Law for Mediation, which entered into force in 2008. The paper is going to discuss other provisions in other legal codes and provisions which foresee mediation as a mechanism for resolution of conflicts and disagreements in extrajudicial form in the civil and criminal field etc. As for the level in which implementation of mediation has arrived in Kosovo, will be a subject of review. Therefore, firstly it discusses the notion of mediation, followed by definition, history, legal regulatory, types, statistics of application, advantages, weaknesses, difficulties, subjective impressions of responsible people of this extrajudicial instrument as well as of mediators’ practical experience, their recommendations for changes followed by its place and importance in the future.
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Shakhnovskaya, I. « Institutional guarantees for the protection of human rights and freedoms : experience of foreign countries ». Vestnik of Polotsk State University. Part D. Economic and legal sciences, no 6 (15 août 2021) : 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.52928/2070-1632-2021-57-6-142-145.

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The article examines the main existing institutional guarantees that ensure the protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in foreign countries. Analyzed are judicial protection mechanisms, the activities of prejudicial bodies, as well as mechanisms of extrajudicial protection. The author emphasizes that the protection of human rights and freedoms is a constitutional obligation of the state. Special attention is paid to specialт mechanisms for the protection of human rights, such as the Commissioner for Human Rights, the activities of various bodies of constitutional control; indicates the importance of extrajudicial mechanisms for the protection of rights and freedoms. The author analyzes methods of direct protection of rights and freedoms, as well as the role of executive and legislative authorities as elements of indirect protection.
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Owen, Alexandra. « Using Legislation to Protect Against Unethical Conversions in Sri Lanka ». Journal of Law and Religion 22, no 2 (2007) : 323–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0748081400003933.

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The year 2006 marked the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intolerance and of Discrimination Based on Religion or Belief. In her recent report to the United Nations General Assembly, Asma Jahangir, the U.N. Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, stated that despite the time that has elapsed since the Declaration was drafted, it “seems evident that contentious religious issues have not only evolved but also become more acute in many societies.” In a report submitted to the Commission on Human Rights in late 2004, the Special Rapporteur listed “the continuing violations of human rights of members of certain religious minorities, as well as the still widely applied practice of forced conversion” among the main concerns in the area of freedom of religion. Jahangir said that she considers that “such a practice breaches the strongest and most fundamental part of freedom of religion or belief and should be given greater attention by the international community.”In May 2005 the Special Rapporteur made an in situ visit to Sri Lanka—a country where the issue of unethical conversions has fueled religious tensions in recent years. Approximately 69% of Sri Lanka's population are Buddhists, followed by Hindus (15%), Christians (8%), Muslims (7%) and others (1%). Despite such a majority, the ethnic conflict which has affected Sri Lanka for decades, and which began to escalate again in December 2005 and throughout 2006-07, has been largely devoid of a religious element: relations between the different religious groups have for some time been relatively peaceful. This religious co-existence has, however, begun to deteriorate, due largely to the issue of unethical conversions and a desire to protect the majority religion.
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Fylypovych, Liudmyla O. « Freedom of Religion and Belief in a State Department Report ». Religious Freedom 2, no 19 (8 novembre 2016) : 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32420/rs.2016.19.2.887.

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Freedom of conscience and religion, freedom of religion and belief - the natural right of any person in any community. As experience has shown, it is this right, which is subjected to the greatest infringement, oppression, discrimination, and persecution. This right requires constant support and assistance from state and public institutions. In order to protect freedom of religion and religion, various platforms have been created to promote freedom of religion or belief, which is protected by numerous international conventions and declarations, including conventions and declarations of the United Nations (UN) and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). Within the UN, issues of religious freedom are addressed primarily by the Human Rights Council, including its new Universal Periodic Review (VPO) procedure, as well as by monitoring it by the Special Rapporteur (independent expert) on freedom of religion or belief. The Human Rights Council and the UN General Assembly, through the adoption of their resolutions, monitor situations using thematic experts, including the Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief, 32 as well as appointing or continuing the work of Special Rapporteurs specializing in certain countries. The OSCE continues to be an important forum in which the 56 participating States report on their broad obligations in the field of religious freedom.
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Wrońska, Iwona. « The nature of the action undertaken by the UN Special Rapporteur on migrant rights . Selected issues and problems ». Studia Prawnicze KUL, no 4 (16 décembre 2021) : 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/sp.12585.

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Despite the contribution they make to the life of host countries, migrants are often subjected to inappropriate or often cruel treatment because they are third-country nationals or are in an uncertain situation. The growing interest of the international community in the subject matter of human rights means that particular attention is now being devoted to migrant rights. The activity of the UN Special Rapporteur on migrant rights, who operates within the framework of the so-called Special Procedures established by the Human Rights Coun­cil, plays a special role among the mechanisms of protection of migrant rights in international relations.
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Rotenberg, M. « The Imperative for a UN Special Rapporteur on AI and Human Rights ». Journal of AI Law and Regulation 1, no 1 (2024) : 110–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21552/aire/2024/1/13.

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SUBEDI, Surya P. « The UN Human Rights Special Rapporteurs and the Impact of their Work : Some Reflections of the UN Special Rapporteur for Cambodia ». Asian Journal of International Law 6, no 1 (1 décembre 2015) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2044251315000132.

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AbstractAs one of only twelve UN country-specific mandate holders, and as the longest-serving UN Special Rapporteur for Human Rights in Cambodia, my work has had a significant impact on the situation of human rights in that country, with many of my recommendations having been implemented by the government. The Parliament of Cambodia has enacted three fundamental laws designed to enhance the independence and capacity of the judiciary, and has amended the Constitution of the country to make the National Election Commission a constitutional, independent, and autonomous body, in line with my recommendations. In this paper I examine the role of the UN country-specific mandate holders, the approach that I took to implement my mandate in Cambodia, and the impact of my work in that country.
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FARHANG, CLIFF. « The Notion of Consent in Part One of the Draft Articles on State Responsibility ». Leiden Journal of International Law 27, no 1 (24 janvier 2014) : 55–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156513000642.

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AbstractFor over three decades, it has been the International Law Commission's position that the circumstance of consent involves something other than the consent which, through the rule pacta sunt servanda, imparts objective force to international agreements. During the tenure of the second Special Rapporteur on the law of state responsibility, Roberto Ago, the Commission adopted the view that the former suspends the international obligations which are incumbent on states whereas the latter functions to create, modify, or extinguish the rules whence such obligations stem forth. However, as the result of the study carried out by its last Special Rapporteur, James Crawford, the Commission has now come to distinguish between the circumstance of consent defined as a justification for non-performance of subsisting obligations, and consent defined as a requirement for the application of obligations. In this contribution, it is argued that both analyses are problematic. The former gives succour to a mistaken view of the sources of international law. The latter is based on a misunderstanding of the primary-rule–secondary-rule terminology; it justifies itself by referring to an ill-conceived definition of the notion of peremptory norms, and no less importantly undermines the purposefully cumbersome mechanism envisaged in the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties for suspension of multilateral treaties as between certain of the contracting parties only.
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Hunt, Paul. « The UN Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health : Key Objectives, Themes, and Interventions ». Health and Human Rights 7, no 1 (2003) : 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4065415.

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Rodriguez, Gabriela. « The Role of the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants ». International Migration 38, no 6 (janvier 2001) : 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00143.

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Reis, Renata, et Juana Kweitel. « The un special rapporteur on the right to health : a guide for civil society ». Revista de Direito Sanitário 11, no 1 (1 juin 2010) : 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9044.v11i1p236-243.

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Gowlland-Debbas, Vera. « Palestine as a Matter of International Community Concern : John Dugard’s Work as Special Rapporteur ». South African Journal on Human Rights 26, no 2 (janvier 2010) : 246–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19962126.2010.11864987.

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Viljoen, Frans. « The Special Rapporteur on Prisons and Conditions of Detention in Africa : Achievements and Possibilities ». Human Rights Quarterly 27, no 1 (2005) : 125–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2005.0010.

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Gross, Aeyal. « Is There a Human Right to Private Health Care ? » Journal of Law, Medicine & ; Ethics 41, no 1 (2013) : 138–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jlme.12010.

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Recent years have seen an increase in the turn to rights discourse within the context of access to health and specifically health care. Developments took place at both the national and global levels, with a significant increase in right to health litigation around the world1 and developments at the international level, such as the appointment of a Special Rapporteur on the Right to Health and the adoption of a “General Comment” on the topic by the UN Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.
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Бойко, И. Н. « ON THE ISSUE OF THE USE OF SPECIAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE INVESTIGATION OF EMBEZZLEMENT OF BUDGET FUNDS INTENDED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION AND REPAIR OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES ». Digest of research works "Criminalistics : yesterday, today, tomorrow", no 1(29) (29 mars 2024) : 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.55001/2587-9820.2024.52.39.003.

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Специальные знания достаточно часто являются необходимыми для установления истины по уголовным делам. При расследовании преступлений широко используются специальные знания, необходимые для определения обстоятельств по уголовному делу, адекватного восприятия текущей ситуации и экспертной оценки имеющихся доказательств. В данной статье аргументирована необходимость и потребность в применении специальных знаний как в непроцессуальных, так и в процессуальных формах при расследовании хищений бюджетных средств, предназначенных для строительства и ремонта объектов социальной инфраструктуры, а также иных преступлений. Special knowledge is quite often necessary to establish the truth in criminal cases. In the investigation of crimes, special knowledge is widely used to determine the circumstances of a criminal case, adequately perceive the current situation and correctly evaluate the available evidence. This article analyzes various ways of applying such special knowledge both in extrajudicial and judicial procedures, identifies certain difficulties associated with their use, and also considers the issue of attracting experts for successful resolution of investigation tasks.
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Kononov, P. I., et V. A. Zyuzin. « Principles of Modern Non-Judicial Administrative Process (Administrative Proceedings) : Problems of Understanding and Systematization ». Pravosudie / Justice 2, no 3 (22 septembre 2020) : 119–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/2686-9241.2020.3.119-145.

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Introduction. In Russia, there is no framework law regulating the extrajudicial administrative process. This circumstance makes it necessary to define doctrinally the principles of resolving administrative cases before drafting the law on administrative procedures. The article attempts to develop and propose to the legislator non-declarative principles of extra-judicial administrative proceedings that could actually be applied in the practice of considering specific administrative cases. Both domestic and foreign scientific experience and administrative procedural legislation are taken into account. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The theoretical basis of the work is the concept of an integrative understanding of the administrative process. System, logical, formal-legal and comparative research methods were used. Results. The Russian legislation does not contain universal principles for the implementation of non-judicial administrative proceedings. The principles provided for by individual laws are general legal in nature and are not procedural. Such principles do not reflect the basic principles of the relationship between public and private persons in administrative cases. Historically, Soviet and post-Soviet approaches have focused on declaring the general legal basis of the administrative process and are not aimed at fixing the applied procedural principles of administrative proceedings in the legislation. In foreign countries, the instrumental principles of extrajudicial resolution of administrative cases are applied in practice. The main attention is paid to the standards of relations between public administration and private individuals. Administrative and procedural laws of post-Soviet states mostly duplicate the principles developed in western countries Discussion and Conclusion. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to distinguish three groups of principles in Russian legislation, among which are: general procedural principles; general principles of extrajudicial administrative process; and special principles of administrative proceedings.
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Kononov, P. I., et V. A. Zyuzin. « Principles of Modern Non-Judicial Administrative Process (Administrative Proceedings) : Problems of Understanding and Systematization ». Pravosudie / Justice 2, no 3 (22 septembre 2020) : 119–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/2686-9241.2020.3.119-145.

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Introduction. In Russia, there is no framework law regulating the extrajudicial administrative process. This circumstance makes it necessary to define doctrinally the principles of resolving administrative cases before drafting the law on administrative procedures. The article attempts to develop and propose to the legislator non-declarative principles of extra-judicial administrative proceedings that could actually be applied in the practice of considering specific administrative cases. Both domestic and foreign scientific experience and administrative procedural legislation are taken into account. Theoretical Basis. Methods. The theoretical basis of the work is the concept of an integrative understanding of the administrative process. System, logical, formal-legal and comparative research methods were used. Results. The Russian legislation does not contain universal principles for the implementation of non-judicial administrative proceedings. The principles provided for by individual laws are general legal in nature and are not procedural. Such principles do not reflect the basic principles of the relationship between public and private persons in administrative cases. Historically, Soviet and post-Soviet approaches have focused on declaring the general legal basis of the administrative process and are not aimed at fixing the applied procedural principles of administrative proceedings in the legislation. In foreign countries, the instrumental principles of extrajudicial resolution of administrative cases are applied in practice. The main attention is paid to the standards of relations between public administration and private individuals. Administrative and procedural laws of post-Soviet states mostly duplicate the principles developed in western countries Discussion and Conclusion. The authors come to the conclusion that it is necessary to distinguish three groups of principles in Russian legislation, among which are: general procedural principles; general principles of extrajudicial administrative process; and special principles of administrative proceedings.
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Aggarwal, Alison G. « UN Special Rapporteur on Adequate Housing : strengthening gendered norms for the right to adequate housing ». Australian Journal of Human Rights 10, no 2 (décembre 2004) : 165–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1323238x.2004.11910786.

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