Articles de revues sur le sujet « South-Eastern Alps »

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1

Buffa, Gabriella, et Giovanni Sburlino. « Carex ferrugineagrasslands in the south-eastern Alps ». Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 135, no 2 (janvier 2001) : 195–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263500112331350830.

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Panziera, Luca, et Brian Hoskins. « Large snowfall events in the south-eastern Alps ». Weather 63, no 4 (2008) : 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wea.178.

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Tomaselli, Marcello, Matteo Gualmini, Alessandro Petraglia, Alessandro Pontin, Michele Carbognani et Renato Gerdol. « Three mires in the south-eastern Alps (northern Italy) ». Journal of Maps 14, no 2 (20 avril 2018) : 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17445647.2018.1461692.

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Fontana, Alessandro. « Late Pleistocene sedimentation in the foreland of South-Eastern Alps ». Quaternary International 279-280 (novembre 2012) : 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2012.08.134.

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Waser, Lea E., Manuel Schweizer, Benedikt R. Schmidt et Stefan T. Hertwig. « Phylogeography of the common toad (Bufo bufo, Lissamphibia : Anura) in Switzerland ». Amphibia-Reptilia 36, no 4 (2015) : 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003014.

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WhileBufo bufois widespread in Europe, the closely relatedB. spinosusis parapatrically distributed in Western Europe and Northern Africa. The exact course of the contact zone between both taxa, however, is still unknown. 24 samples from Switzerland were analysed using mitochondrial and nuclear markers combined with 243 previously published samples from Europe and Asia. No haplotypes ofB. spinosuswere detected in Switzerland, only two mitochondrial haplotypes ofB. bufo: one north and south of the Alps, the other only north of the Alps. Both haplotypes are also widely distributed in Eastern and Central Europe. These results agree with a postglacial recolonisation of Central Europe from refugia on the Balkan Peninsula. The occurrence of one haplotype north and south of the Alps can be explained by colonisation either from the north by crossing the Alps or from the east along the southern edge of the Alps. The rapid postglacial recolonisation from Balkan refugia might have prevented the spread of southern haplotypes from Italy and ofB. spinosusfrom France.
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Jourdan, Sébastien, Matthias Bernet, Elizabeth Hardwick, Jean-Louis Paquette, Pierre Tricart, François Senebier et Francis Coeur. « Geo-thermochronology of the Saint Antonin basin, south-eastern France ». BSGF - Earth Sciences Bulletin 189, no 3 (2018) : 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bsgf/2018013.

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The clastic sedimentary formations of the Saint Antonin basin in the French Maritime Alps contain the record of the Early Oligocene erosional history of the Maures-Esterel massif, Sardinia and Corsica. Detrital apatite fission-track dating and zircon fission-track/U-Pb double dating of samples collected from the Saint Antonin basin confirm sediment provenance and allow obtaining first-order estimates of drainage basin maximum and long-term average exhumation rates. Whereas average exhumation rates were on the order of 0.1–0.2 km/Myr during the Early Oligocene, small parts of the Saint Antonin basin source areas may have experienced maximum exhumation rates on the order of 0.4–0.7 km/Myr. Although zircons and apatites with Early Oligocene fission-track cooling ages make up between 11–15% of the dated grains, a possible volcanic contribution is negligible, as only one single volcanic zircon grain was identified by fission-track/U-Pb double dating. Regional geodynamic processes with convergence in the Western Alps to the east and the end of the Pyreneo-Provençal compression phase by the early Oligocene controlled the differences in basin fill history and sediment provenance between the Saint Antonin basin and the largely contemporaneous Barrême basin in south-eastern France.
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Dizdar, Marko, et Asja Tonc. « Late la Tène fibulae of the Rakitno-type. Evidence of contacts between the western Balkans and the southern part of the Carpathian basin ». Starinar, no 72 (2022) : 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sta2272091d.

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Fibulae with a knob on a backward-bent foot, of which different variants of the Picugi type are probably best known, evolved in the eastern Adriatic and its hinterland, and the wider south-eastern Alps during the last two centuries BC. A similar but distinct type of fibula named the Rakitno type has been identified based on its morphological characteristics and distribution. Fibulae of this type have mainly been recorded at sites in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also in the Sava valley and eastern Slavonia. Similarities in the way they are decorated, with a series of knobs on the backward-bent foot, link fibulae of the Rakitno type with other contemporary forms recorded in the south-eastern part of the Carpathian Basin (fibulae of the Jarak type) and the south-eastern Alps (fibulae of the Mihovo type), indicating that designs were exchanged and then adapted to different communities in local workshops. On the other hand, finds of fibulae of the Rakitno type at sites in eastern Slavonia attest to contacts with communities settled in the western Balkans. Despite the absence of finds from closed associations, documented comparisons allow for fibulae of the Rakitno type to be dated to the latter half of the 2nd and the early 1st centuries BC, with the assumption that this design was typical of female costume.
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TRETIACH, Mauro. « Porina pseudohibernicasp. nov., an isidiate, epiphytic lichen from central and south-eastern Europe ». Lichenologist 46, no 5 (7 août 2014) : 617–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282914000218.

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AbstractThe epiphytic lichenPorina pseudohibernicais described as new. It is characterized by a richly isidiate thallus, 7–8(–9)-septate ascospores and the presence of periphyses. It resemblesP. hibernicas. str., differing in the size and septation of ascospores, and in the dimensions of the terete, branched isidia. The new species was found fertile at a single site in the Carnic Alps (SE Alps, Italy), but it is also known in a sterile condition from scattered localities in the humid (sub-)montane belt of Slovenia, the Czech Republic and Ukraine, occurring on smooth bark ofFagusandCarpinus.Porina hibernicais restricted to the coastal lowlands of Atlantic Europe, and it prefers rather dry, base-rich bark ofQuercusandUlmus. The characters previously used to segregate the isidiate EuropeanPorinainto the genusZamenhofiaare also discussed.
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Monegato, Giovanni, et Maria Eliana Poli. « Tectonic and Climatic Inferences from the Terrace Staircase in the Meduna Valley, Eastern Southern Alps, NE Italy ». Quaternary Research 83, no 1 (janvier 2015) : 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.yqres.2014.10.001.

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AbstractResults of stratigraphic and morphotectonic analyses on fluvial terraces at the outlet of the Meduna valley in the eastern Southern Alps are used to investigate on the tectonics and paleoclimate. The Meduna valley, prone to destructive earthquakes, belongs to the front of the eastern Southern Alps, a south-verging fold and thrust belt in evolution from the Middle Miocene to the present, constructed by ENE–WSW striking, SSE-verging medium to low-angle thrusts, gradually propagating in the Venetian–Friulian plain. In the study area, located south of the Periadriatic thrust, the main structural element is the ENE–WSW striking Maniago–M. Jouf thrust system. Seven depositional units, ranging in age from Pliocene to Holocene, and a hierarchy of four numbered terrace complexes were identified. Stratigraphic and geometric relationships between sedimentary units, basal surfaces and terraces allow the reconstruction of the chronology of the depositional events. The study shows that the valley configuration has been shaped during the Pliocene–Quaternary with long-lasting steady intervals, interspaced with periodic tectonic pulses of the thrust front of the eastern Southern Alps. The most recent pulse related to the Maniago thrust shows an upper Pleistocene–Holocene slip rate of about 0.6 mm/yr.
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MAIOLINI, Bruno, Mauro CAROLLI et Luana SILVERI. « Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera in springs in Trentino (south-eastern Alps) ». Journal of Limnology 70, no 1s (1 septembre 2011) : 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2011.s1.122.

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Piacentini, Daniela, Francesco Troiani, Mauro Soldati, Claudia Notarnicola, Daniele Savelli, Stefan Schneiderbauer et Claudia Strada. « Statistical analysis for assessing shallow-landslide susceptibility in South Tyrol (south-eastern Alps, Italy) ». Geomorphology 151-152 (mai 2012) : 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2012.02.003.

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Schlagintweit, Felix, et Wolfgang Pavlik. « New findings of halimedacean algae from the Late Triassic Dachstein Limestone of the Northern Calcareous Alps (Hochschwab Area, Styria, Austria) ». Geologia Croatica 61, no 2-3 (25 décembre 2008) : 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4154/gc.2008.13.

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Two taxa of halimedacean algae are recorded from the Upper Triassic lagoonal Dachstein Limestone (Norian-Rhaetian) of the Hochschwab area in the south-eastern part of the Northern Calcareous Alps of Austria. They are described in open nomenclature as Halimeda? sp. 1 and Halimeda? sp. 2. In contrast to the widespread occurrence of dasycladacean algae, representatives of Halimedaceans are very rare. These findings are the second record in the Northern Calcareous Alps since FLÜGEL (1975).
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Prijatelj Pavičić, Ivana. « Prilog poznavanju zastupljenosti i rasprostranjenosti ikonografski srodnih oltarnih slika s prikazom Gospe od Ružarija s likovima savezničkih vladara na području istočnog Jadrana, južne Italije i Provanse ». Ars Adriatica 8, no 1 (28 décembre 2018) : 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.2757.

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This article analyses iconographically analogous altar paintings showing Our Lady of the Rosary with rulers from the Holy League of Pope Pius V, situated in the areas of Eastern Adriatic, South Italy, Provence, and the Maritime Alps.
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Winterle, Alberto. « Leggere le Alpi / Reading the Alps ». Regionalità e produzione architettonica contemporanea nelle Alpi, no 1 ns, november 2018 (15 novembre 2018) : 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/aa1801v.

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Living a place means first of all reading it, understanding it, assimilating it. This is even more evident in the case of a particular natural environment where the possibilities of land use are limited. Looking at a map of the Alps, it becomes clear how the morphology has conditioned the methods of settlement and exploitation of the places. In an attempt to read and interpret the transformation of the Alpine territories, the Architetti Arco Alpino association has initiated a review of projects, from which it emerges that today there exist very different cultural, political, social and economic contexts. The result are two almost opposite phenomena. In some places the mountains have been abandoned, which has led to the risk of losing their important architectural heritage. The interventions are therefore aimed at enhancing the existing structures and constructing new buildings capable of becoming a reference for the redevelopment of entire villages. In other places, a harmonic balance between human presence and territory has been largely exceeded. Here, the objective is to put a stop to further land development, aiming to enhance the quality of the existing buildings and implementing an aesthetic and formal research that is capable of becoming an economic value and an element of cultural identification. Taking into account the various “cultural horizons” and reference regions, it becomes clear that South Tyrol has historically maintained close ties with North Tyrol and the neighbouring Swiss cantons. Contemporary architecture is commonly seen as an asset today, not only among experts, but also among the general population. On the other hand, the relations with Austria’s and Slovenia’s Eastern Alpine territories have less effect. The research seems to be the work of a limited number of professionals. In the Western Alps, cross-border relations with France and Switzerland have a stronger cultural and linguistic root, but perhaps the presence of large massifs difficult to cross has prevented a closer relationship and a dissemination of common construction methods. Crossing national and international administrative boundaries, the Alps can continue to be a place of passage, of confrontation and of cultural, linguistic, economic and also architectural exchange.
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HOHLA, MICHAEL, KONRAD PAGITZ et GERGELY KIRÁLY. « Hidden on both sides of the Alps : Rubus noricus, a new species of bramble (Rosaceae) from Austria and Germany ». Phytotaxa 489, no 1 (3 mars 2021) : 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.489.1.1.

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Rubus ser. Rhamnifolii includes apomictic polyploid species, which occur in north-western and central Europe, with rare outposts to eastern central Europe. A regionally distributed tetraploid species of the series occurring north and south of the Eastern Alps in Austria and Germany, Rubus noricus is described here. The new species is morphologically compared with similar taxa of the series, moreover, comprehensive iconography, data on distribution and ecology are presented.
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TOMASELLI, Marcello, Daniel SPITALE et Alessandro PETRAGLIA. « Phytosociological and ecological study of springs in Trentino (south-eastern Alps, Italy) ». Journal of Limnology 70, no 1s (1 septembre 2011) : 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2011.s1.23.

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Bragazza, L., et R. Gerdol. « Ecological gradients in some Sphagnum mires in the south-eastern Alps (Italy) ». Applied Vegetation Science 2, no 1 (24 février 1999) : 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1478881.

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Colucci, R. R., C. Boccali, M. Žebre et M. Guglielmin. « Rock glaciers, protalus ramparts and pronival ramparts in the south-eastern Alps ». Geomorphology 269 (septembre 2016) : 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.06.039.

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Vanin, S., et M. Turchetto. « Winter activity of spiders and pseudoscorpions in the South‐Eastern Alps (Italy) ». Italian Journal of Zoology 74, no 1 (mars 2007) : 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250000601017233.

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Poldini, L., G. Oriolo et C. Francescato. « Mountain pine scrubs and heaths with Ericaceae in the south-eastern Alps ». Plant Biosystems - An International Journal Dealing with all Aspects of Plant Biology 138, no 1 (mars 2004) : 53–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263500410001684125.

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Heit, Benjamin, Luigia Cristiano, Christian Haberland, Frederik Tilmann, Damiano Pesaresi, Yan Jia, Helmut Hausmann et al. « The SWATH-D Seismological Network in the Eastern Alps ». Seismological Research Letters 92, no 3 (24 février 2021) : 1592–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200377.

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Abstract The SWATH-D experiment involved the deployment of a dense temporary broadband seismic network in the Eastern Alps. Its primary purpose was enhanced seismic imaging of the crust and crust–mantle transition, as well as improved constraints on local event locations and focal mechanisms in a complex part of the Alpine orogen. The study region is a key area of the Alps, where European crust in the north is juxtaposed and partially interwoven with Adriatic crust in the south, and a significant jump in the Moho depth was observed by the 2002 TRANSALP north–south profile. Here, a flip in subduction polarity has been suggested to occur. This dense network encompasses 163 stations and complements the larger-scale sparser AlpArray seismic network. The nominal station spacing in SWATH-D is 15 km in a high alpine, yet densely populated and industrialized region. We present here the challenges resulting from operating a large broadband network under these conditions and summarize how we addressed them, including the way we planned, deployed, maintained, and operated the stations in the field. Finally, we present some recommendations based on our experiences.
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Barras, Hélène, Olivia Martius, Luca Nisi, Katharina Schroeer, Alessandro Hering et Urs Germann. « Multi-day hail clusters and isolated hail days in Switzerland – large-scale flow conditions and precursors ». Weather and Climate Dynamics 2, no 4 (6 décembre 2021) : 1167–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-2-1167-2021.

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Abstract. In Switzerland, hail regularly occurs in multi-day hail clusters. The atmospheric conditions prior to and during multi-day hail clusters are described and contrasted to the conditions prior to and during isolated hail days. The analysis focuses on hail days that occurred between April and September 2002–2019 within 140 km of the Swiss radar network. Hail days north and south of the Alps are defined using a minimum area threshold of a radar-based hail product. Multi-day clusters are defined as 5 d windows containing 4 or 5 hail days and isolated hail days as 5 d windows containing a single hail day. The reanalysis ERA-5 is used to study the large-scale flow in combination with objectively identified cold fronts, atmospheric blocking events, and a weather type classification. Both north and south of the Alps, isolated hail days have frequency maxima in May and August–September, whereas clustered hail days occur mostly in July and August. Composites of atmospheric variables indicate a more stationary and meridionally amplified atmospheric flow both north and south of the Alps during multi-day hail clusters. On clustered hail days north of the Alps, blocks are more frequent over the North Sea, and surface fronts are located farther from Switzerland than on isolated hail days. Clustered hail days north of the Alps are also characterized by significantly higher most unstable convective available potential energy (MUCAPE) values, warmer daily maximum surface temperatures, and higher atmospheric moisture content than isolated hail days. Hence, both stationary flow conditions and anomalous amounts of moisture are necessary for multi-day hail clusters on the north side. In contrast, differences in MUCAPE on the south side between clustered hail days and isolated hail days are small. The mean sea level pressure south of the Alps is significantly deeper, the maximum temperature is colder, and local moisture is significantly lower on isolated hail days. Both north and south of the Alps, the upper-level atmospheric flow over the eastern Atlantic is meridionally more amplified 3 d prior to clustered hail days than prior to isolated days. Moreover, blocking occurs prior to more than 10 % of clustered hail days over Scandinavia, but no blocks occur prior to isolated hail days. Half of the clustered hail days south of the Alps are also clustered north of the Alps. On hail days clustering only south of the Alps, fronts are more frequently located on the Alpine ridge, and local low-level winds are stronger. The temporal clustering of hail days is coupled to specific synoptic- and local-scale flow conditions; this information may be exploited for short- to medium-range forecasts of hail in Switzerland.
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Stephenson, Steven L., et John D. L. Shadwick. « Nivicolous myxomycetes from alpine areas of south-eastern Australia ». Australian Journal of Botany 57, no 2 (2009) : 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt09022.

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Nivicolous myxomycetes were collected from alpine areas of south-eastern Australia during the period of middle to late October 2004. Most collections came from the high-elevation area around Mount Kosciuszko, the highest peak on the continent at 2228 m, in the Snowy Mountains of New South Wales, and additional collections were obtained from two areas, Mount Buller and Mount Hotham, in the Victorian Alps of northern Victoria. Approximately 300 collections were obtained during a period of 2 weeks, including species such as Diderma alpinum, Didymium dubium, Lamproderma ovoideum, Physarum albescens and P. alpinum, not previously known to occur in mainland Australia. Lamproderma maculatum and L. zonatum were collected for the first time in the southern hemisphere, and another species of Lamproderma was described as new to science in a previous paper. In contrast to most other areas of the world where nivicolous myxomycetes have been studied, species of Diderma have been represented poorly among the collections from Australia.
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Sassi, Francesco P., Rossitsa Kalvacheva et Adriano Zanferrari. « New data on the age of deposition of the South-Alpine phyllitic basement in the Eastern Alps ». Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 1984, no 12 (17 janvier 1985) : 741–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/1984/1985/741.

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Pila, Malinka. « Slavic Alpine micro-varieties as part of an “Alpensprachbund” ? » STUF - Language Typology and Universals 74, no 1 (29 mars 2021) : 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/stuf-2021-1027.

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Abstract This chapter deals with some characteristics of two more-or-less isolated Slavic varieties in the south-eastern Alps: Resian and Carinthian Slovene, whose nearest relative among the Slavic standard languages is Slovene. Both have been for centuries in situations of total language contact with Romance and Germanic varieties. I will concentrate on the come passive. At least in Resian, it developed due to direct Romance influence, which could be claimed to be the overall reason for this grammatical feature in the Alps. The situation in Molise Slavic in southern Italy will serve as a point of comparison.
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Rantitsch, Gerd, et Katalin Judik. « Alpine metamorphism in the central segment of the Western Greywacke Zone (Eastern Alps) ». Geologica Carpathica 60, no 4 (1 août 2009) : 319–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10096-009-0023-2.

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Alpine metamorphism in the central segment of the Western Greywacke Zone (Eastern Alps)The metamorphic pattern of the central Western Greywacke Zone (Austroalpine, Eastern Alps) was investigated by organic matter reflectance, Raman spectroscopy on organic matter and clay mineralogical methods. Raman data map a 10 km wide thermal aureole along the contact zone of the Greywacke Zone to the Penninic Tauern Window. The estimated maximum temperatures of 400 °C to 200 °C decrease from South to North, that is from the contact to the uppermost parts of the Greywacke Zone. This pattern is explained by an Oligocene to Miocene thermal pulse, related to the rapid exhumation of formerly deeply buried rocks of the Penninic unit. During this event, advective heat transport and circulating fluids overprinted the Cretaceous higher anchi- to lower epizonal metamorphic pattern of the central Western Greywacke Zone.
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Milavec, Tina. « The transformations in Roman identity in south-eastern Alps during the Migration Period ». Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 71, no 1 (1 juin 2020) : 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/072.2020.00004.

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AbstractThe author1 discusses some questions on the transformation of Roman identity in the south-eastern Alps and the neighbouring regions, which in late Antiquity represented an area of constant transition. How people dealt with quickly changing powers is an important point of view in the identity discourse, not so much the identity of an individual, but of a population. In the discussed territory it seems Roman identity, such as it was, gradually became something we read as mostly Mediterranean and Christian. It probably goes beyond the kingdoms that followed Rome and most probably even beyond strict ‘Roman-ness’.
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Seibert, Petra, Hendrik Feldmann, Bruno Neininger, Martin Bäumle et Thomas Trickl. « South foehn and ozone in the Eastern Alps – case study and climatological aspects ». Atmospheric Environment 34, no 9 (janvier 2000) : 1379–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1352-2310(99)00439-2.

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Seppi, R., T. Zanoner, A. Carton, A. Bondesan, R. Francese, L. Carturan, M. Zumiani, M. Giorgi et A. Ninfo. « Current transition from glacial to periglacial processes in the Dolomites (South-Eastern Alps) ». Geomorphology 228 (janvier 2015) : 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.08.025.

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Crasquin, Sylvie. « Kempfia, A new name for the genus Bairdiacratia Crasquin, 2008, non Jiang, 1983 ». Journal of Paleontology 83, no 2 (mars 2009) : 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/08-139.1.

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Crasquin proposed (in Crasquin et al., 2008) the generic name Bairdiacratia (p. 244-246) for a Bairdioidea ostracod (Crustacea) recorded from the latest Permian of the Southern Alps (Italy) and Guizhou, Zhejiang, and Hubei Provinces (South China). Unfortunately, I discovered recently that the name was already used for an ostracod genus from the Middle Devonian of eastern Yunnan Province (China) by Jiang (1983).
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Sassi, Raffaele, Claudio Mazzoli, Renaud Merle, Valentina Brombin, Massimo Chiaradia, Daniel J. Dunkley et Andrea Marzoli. « HT–LP crustal syntectonic anatexis as a source of the Permian magmatism in the Eastern Southern Alps : evidence from xenoliths in the Euganean trachytes (NE Italy) ». Journal of the Geological Society 177, no 6 (24 juin 2020) : 1211–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-031.

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Oligocene trachytes from the Euganean Hills include various regionally metamorphosed gneissic and granulitic xenoliths. These xenoliths provide the unique opportunity to investigate South Alpine intermediate to deep crustal levels that are not at present exposed in the Eastern Alps. The estimated P–T conditions are in the range of 780–850°C and 0.45–0.55 GPa for a migmatitic gneiss xenolith. Sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe (SHRIMP II) U–Pb analyses on zircon from this xenolith provide concordant ages around 259.7 ± 3.5 Ma, consistent with a proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) U–Th–Pb age on monazite of 262 ± 12 Ma. The Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions, and major and trace element data show distinct origins for the different types of xenoliths. Mafic granulite xenoliths have an isotopic signature close to mantle-derived rocks and to Permian gabbroic rocks from the Western Southern Alps. Metapelite xenoliths have high Sr and low Nd initial ratios like those of acid crustal rocks and could possibly represent the source of the crustal component that is dominant in the acid Permian supervolcanoes. The migmatitic xenolith provides the first documented evidence for a Permian thermal event associated with crustal thinning in the Eastern Southern Alps. Here the South Alpine basement escaped most of the Alpine crustal shortening and still preserves most of the original Permian extension under thick Mesozoic cover.Supplementary material: Microprobe analyses of mineralogical phases and Ti-in-biotite geothermometric calculations are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5032337
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Plomerová, Jaroslava, Helena Žlebčíková, György Hetényi, Luděk Vecsey et Vladislav Babuška. « Two subduction-related heterogeneities beneath the Eastern Alps and the Bohemian Massif imaged by high-resolution P-wave tomography ». Solid Earth 13, no 1 (31 janvier 2022) : 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-13-251-2022.

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Abstract. We present high-resolution tomographic images of the upper mantle beneath the Eastern Alps and the adjacent Bohemian Massif (BM) in the north based on recordings from the AlpArray-EASI and AlpArray seismic networks. The tomography locates the Alpine high-velocity perturbations between the Periadriatic Lineament and the Northern Alpine Front. The northward-dipping lithosphere is imaged down to ∼ 200–250 km of depth, without signs of delamination. The small amount of crustal shortening compared to that in the Western Alps and the bimodal character of the positive perturbations with a separation beneath the Tauern Window indicate a dual source of the velocity heterogeneity, most probably formed by a mixture of a fragment of detached European plate and the Adriatic plate subductions. A detached high-velocity heterogeneity, sub-parallel to and distinct from the Eastern Alps heterogeneity, is imaged at ∼ 100–200 km beneath the southern part of the BM. We associate this anomaly with the western end of a SW–NE-striking heterogeneity beneath the south-eastern part of the BM, imaged in models of larger extent. The strike, parallel with the Moldanubian–Brunovistulian mantle–lithosphere boundary in the BM and with the westernmost part of the Carpathian front, leads us to consider potential scenarios relating the heterogeneity to (1) a remnant of the delaminated European plate, (2) a piece of continental-and-oceanic lithosphere mixture related to the building of the BM, particularly to the closure of the old Rheic ocean during the MD–BV collision, or (3) a lithospheric fragment going through to the NW between the Eastern Alps and Western Carpathians fronts in a preceding subduction phase. The study is dedicated to our outstanding and respected colleague Vladislav Babuška, who coined innovative views on the European lithosphere and died on 30 March 2021.
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Handy, Mark R., Stefan M. Schmid, Marcel Paffrath et Wolfgang Friederich. « Orogenic lithosphere and slabs in the greater Alpine area – interpretations based on teleseismic P-wave tomography ». Solid Earth 12, no 11 (25 novembre 2021) : 2633–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-12-2633-2021.

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Abstract. Based on recent results of AlpArray, we propose a new model of Alpine collision that involves subduction and detachment of thick (∼ 180 km) European lithosphere. Our approach combines teleseismic P-wave tomography and existing local earthquake tomography (LET), allowing us to image the Alpine slabs and their connections with the overlying orogenic lithosphere at an unprecedented resolution. The images call into question the conventional notion that downward-moving lithosphere and slabs comprise only seismically fast lithosphere. We propose that the European lithosphere is heterogeneous, locally containing layered positive and negative Vp anomalies of up to 5 %–6 %. We attribute this layered heterogeneity to seismic anisotropy and/or compositional differences inherited from the Variscan and pre-Variscan orogenic cycles rather than to thermal anomalies. The lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) of the European Plate therefore lies below the conventionally defined seismological LAB. In contrast, the lithosphere of the Adriatic Plate is thinner and has a lower boundary approximately at the base of strong positive Vp anomalies at 100–120 km. Horizontal and vertical tomographic slices reveal that beneath the central and western Alps, the European slab dips steeply to the south and southeast and is only locally still attached to the Alpine lithosphere. However, in the eastern Alps and Carpathians, this slab is completely detached from the orogenic crust and dips steeply to the north to northeast. This along-strike change in attachment coincides with an abrupt decrease in Moho depth below the Tauern Window, the Moho being underlain by a pronounced negative Vp anomaly that reaches eastward into the Pannonian Basin area. This negative Vp anomaly is interpreted as representing hot upwelling asthenosphere that heated the overlying crust, allowing it to accommodate Neogene orogen-parallel lateral extrusion and thinning of the ALCAPA tectonic unit (upper plate crustal edifice of Alps and Carpathians) to the east. A European origin of the northward-dipping, detached slab segment beneath the eastern Alps is likely since its down-dip length matches estimated Tertiary shortening in the eastern Alps accommodated by originally south-dipping subduction of European lithosphere. A slab anomaly beneath the Dinarides is of Adriatic origin and dips to the northeast. There is no evidence that this slab dips beneath the Alps. The slab anomaly beneath the Northern Apennines, also of Adriatic origin, hangs subvertically and is detached from the Apenninic orogenic crust and foreland. Except for its northernmost segment where it locally overlies the southern end of the European slab of the Alps, this slab is clearly separated from the latter by a broad zone of low Vp velocities located south of the Alpine slab beneath the Po Basin. Considered as a whole, the slabs of the Alpine chain are interpreted as highly attenuated, largely detached sheets of continental margin and Alpine Tethyan oceanic lithosphere that locally reach down to a slab graveyard in the mantle transition zone (MTZ).
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Neubauer, Franz, Bianca Heberer, István Dunkl, Xiaoming Liu, Manfred Bernroider et Yunpeng Dong. « The Oligocene Reifnitz tonalite (Austria) and its host rocks : implications for Cretaceous and Oligocene–Neogene tectonics of the south-eastern Eastern Alps ». Geologica Carpathica 69, no 3 (1 juin 2018) : 237–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2018-0014.

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Abstract In the south-eastern Eastern Alps, the Reifnitz tonalite intruded into the Austroalpine metamorphic basement of the Wörthersee half-window exposed north of the Sarmatian–Pliocene flexural Klagenfurt basin. The Reifnitz tonalite is dated for the first time, and yields a laser ICP-MS U–Pb zircon age of 30.72±0.30 Ma. The (U–Th–Sm)/He apatite age of the tonalite is 27.6 ± 1.8 Ma implying rapid Late Oligocene cooling of the tonalite to ca. 60 °C. The Reifnitz tonalite intruded into a retrogressed amphibolite-grade metamorphic basement with a metamorphic overprint of Cretaceous age (40Ar/39Ar white mica plateau age of 90.7 ± 1.6 Ma). This fact indicates that pervasive Alpine metamorphism of Cretaceous age extends southwards almost up to the Periadriatic fault. Based on the exhumation and erosion history of the Reifnitz tonalite and the hosting Wörthersee half window formed by the Wörthersee anticline, the age of gentle folding of Austroalpine units in the south-eastern part of the Eastern Alps is likely of Oligocene age. North of the Wörthersee antiform, Upper Cretaceous–Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene sedimentary rocks of the Krappfeld basin are preserved in a gentle synform, suggesting that the top of the Krappfeld basin has always been near the Earth’s surface since the Late Cretaceous. The new data imply, therefore, that the Reifnitz tonalite is part of a post-30 Ma antiform, which was likely exhumed, uplifted and eroded in two steps. In the first step, which is dated to ca. 31–27 Ma, rapid cooling to ca. 60 °C and exhumation occurred in an E–W trending antiform, which formed as a result of a regional N–S compression. In the second step of the Sarmatian–Pliocene age a final exhumation occurred in the peripheral bulge in response to the lithospheric flexure in front of the overriding North Karawanken thrust sheet. The Klagenfurt basin developed as a flexural basin at the northern front of the North Karawanken, which represent a transpressive thrust sheet of a positive flower structure related to the final activity along the Periadriatic fault. In the Eastern Alps, on a large scale, the distribution of Periadriatic plutons and volcanics seems to monitor a northward or eastward shift of magmatic activity, with the main phase of intrusions ca. 30 Ma at the fault itself.
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Qorbani, Ehsan, Dimitri Zigone, Mark R. Handy et Götz Bokelmann. « Crustal structures beneath the Eastern and Southern Alps from ambient noise tomography ». Solid Earth 11, no 5 (29 octobre 2020) : 1947–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-1947-2020.

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Abstract. We study the crustal structure under the Eastern and Southern Alps using ambient noise tomography. We use cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise between pairs of 71 permanent stations and 19 stations of the Eastern Alpine Seismic Investigation (EASI) profile to derive new 3D shear velocity models for the crust. Continuous records from 2014 and 2015 are cross-correlated to estimate Green's functions of Rayleigh and Love waves propagating between the station pairs. Group velocities extracted from the cross-correlations are inverted to obtain isotropic 3D Rayleigh- and Love-wave shear-wave velocity models. Our models image several velocity anomalies and contrasts and reveal details of the crustal structure. Velocity variations at short periods correlate very closely with the lithologies of tectonic units at the surface and projected to depth. Low-velocity zones, associated with the Po and Molasse sedimentary basins, are imaged well to the south and north of the Alps, respectively. We find large high-velocity zones associated with the crystalline basement that forms the core of the Tauern Window. Small-scale velocity anomalies are also aligned with geological units of the Austroalpine nappes. Clear velocity contrasts in the Tauern Window along vertical cross sections of the velocity model show the depth extent of the tectonic units and their bounding faults. A mid-crustal velocity contrast is interpreted as a manifestation of intracrustal decoupling in the Eastern Alps that accommodated eastward escape of the Alcapa block.
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Bakk, Miklós. « The Boundaries of the Carpathian Basin – Frontiers and Regions ». Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, European and Regional Studies 18, no 1 (1 février 2020) : 62–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/auseur-2020-0011.

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Abstract The Carpathian Basin (or Pannonian Basin) is the south-eastern part of Central Europe, its geopolitical place being defined by geography (it is placed between the Eastern Alps, the Dinaric Alps, and the Carpathian Mountains) and from historical point of view by the fact that its core region was ruled for many centuries by the Hungarian Kingdom and the Habsburg Monarchy, and the neighbouring states aimed to extend their territories in the basin reducing the central role of the basin from the margins. The changes of the spatial domination in the Carpathian Basin created several centre–periphery relations, which established, through a longue durée, specific social features in some border regions of the Carpathian Basin. This paper examines from the viewpoint of limology (border studies) three frontier regions of the basin, Spiš, Székely Land, and Banat, and investigates the historical process of the regional construction in order to ascertain what circumstances helped or blocked these periphery constructions.
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Tasinazzo, Stefano. « Post-harvesting late summer-autumn weed vegetation in small size arable fields in Veneto : new insights into root crop communities in North East Italy ». Hacquetia 22, no 1 (7 février 2023) : 47–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hacq-2022-0009.

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Abstract A research was conducted in the Veneto region (NE-Italy) inside kitchen gardens and potato fields of outer pre-Alps, and in asparagus fields on the low Po plain near the Adriatic coast, in late summer-autumn after harvesting. Original vegetation-plot records were compared with historic and recent materials from Italy, especially N-Italy, and with comparable associations from Central and South-Eastern Europe, to ensure a consistent syntaxonomical frame of this highly dynamic vegetation. At the same time it was possible to shed light on the actual occurrence of past coenoses, cited by Italian authors for the Po plain. The analysis not only confirmed the occurrence of Echinochloo-Setarietum pumilae in north-eastern Italian territories, but also showed that it was more extensive than previously thought. It also confirmed the persistence of Panico-Polygonetum persicariae. The historical presence of Veronico-Lamietum hybridi occurring in pre-Alps and Dolomites needs confirmation. Further regional-scale investigations of summer crop weed vegetation appear necessary.
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Nikolopoulos, E. I., M. Borga, F. Marra, S. Crema et L. Marchi. « Debris flows in the Eastern Italian Alps : seasonality and atmospheric circulation patterns ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2, no 12 (1 décembre 2014) : 7197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-2-7197-2014.

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Abstract. The work examines the seasonality and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns of debris flows in the Trentino-Alto Adige region (Eastern Italian Alps). Analysis is based on classification algorithms applied on a uniquely dense archive of debris flows and hourly rain gauge precipitation series covering the period 2000–2009. Results highlight the seasonal and synoptic forcing patterns linked to debris flows in the study area. Summer and fall season account for 92% of the debris flows in the record, while atmospheric circulation characterized by Zonal West, Mixed and Meridional South, Southeast patterns account for 80%. Both seasonal and circulation patterns exhibit geographical preference. In the case of seasonality, there is a strong north–south separation of summer–fall dominance while spatial distribution of dominant circulation patterns exhibits clustering, with both Zonal West and Mixed prevailing in the northwest and central east part of the region, while the southern part relates to Meridional South, Southeast pattern. Seasonal and synoptic pattern dependence is pronounced also on the debris flow triggering rainfall properties. Examination of rainfall intensity–duration thresholds derived for different data classes (according to season and synoptic pattern) revealed a distinct variability in estimated thresholds. These findings imply a certain control on debris-flow events and can therefore be used to improve existing alert systems.
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Nikolopoulos, E. I., M. Borga, F. Marra, S. Crema et L. Marchi. « Debris flows in the eastern Italian Alps : seasonality and atmospheric circulation patterns ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 15, no 3 (27 mars 2015) : 647–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-15-647-2015.

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Abstract. The work examines the seasonality and large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns associated with debris-flow occurrence in the Trentino–Alto Adige region (eastern Italian Alps). Analysis is based on classification algorithms applied to a uniquely dense archive of debris flows and hourly rain gauge precipitation series covering the period 2000–2009. Results highlight the seasonal and synoptic forcing patterns linked to debris flows in the study area. Summer and fall season account for 92% of the debris flows in the record, while atmospheric circulation characterized by zonal west, mixed and meridional south and southeast (SE–S) patterns account for 80%. Both seasonal and circulation patterns exhibit geographical preference. In the case of seasonality, there is a strong north–south separation of summer–fall dominance, while spatial distribution of dominant circulation patterns exhibits clustering, with both zonal west and mixed patterns prevailing in the northwest and central east part of the region, while the southern part relates to meridional south and southeast pattern. Seasonal and synoptic pattern dependence is pronounced also on the debris-flow-triggering rainfall properties. Examination of rainfall intensity–duration thresholds derived for different data classes (according to season and synoptic pattern) revealed a distinct variability in estimated thresholds. These findings imply a certain control on debris-flow events and can therefore be used to improve existing alert systems.
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Müller, M., M. Kašpar et J. Matschullat. « Heavy rains and extreme rainfall-runoff events in Central Europe from 1951 to 2002 ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 9, no 2 (19 mars 2009) : 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-9-441-2009.

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Abstract. Runoff data were used to better select historically significant precipitation events. The suggested criterion Qx expresses the increase of a stream runoff over up to four days in a row. Tests confirmed that Qx maxima correspond to maxima of areal precipitation in the respective catchment. Ten significant precipitation events in summer half-years from 1951 to 2002 were selected in 25 catchments each, and further studied in respect to spatial extent, simultaneous occurrence in various river basins, seasonal distribution, and temporal variability. Four regions were recognised within Central Europe that show related seasonality and simultaneous occurrence of events. The main coincidence of significant precipitation events was confirmed between the Austrian Alps and Bohemia and Saxony on one hand, and Moravia, Silesia, and Western Slovakia on the other hand. Significant events typically emerge here during peak summer, in the south-eastern area of the Alps during autumn months, in the South-Eastern Carpathians from May to July, and in Western Germany in spring or autumn. Episodes with less significant precipitation events (around 1960 and 1990) alternate with inverse episodes (1970's, second half of the 1990's). A reasonable selection of reference events opens the door to a quantitative evaluation of dynamic and thermodynamic conditions typical for heavy rains in various parts of Central Europe.
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STOCH, Fabio, Reinhard GERECKE, Valentina PIERI, Giampaolo ROSSETTI et Beatrice SAMBUGAR. « Exploring species distribution of spring meiofauna (Annelida, Acari, Crustacea) in the south-eastern Alps ». Journal of Limnology 70, no 1s (1 septembre 2011) : 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jlimnol.2011.s1.65.

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Delić, Teo, Peter Trontelj, Valerija Zakšek, Anton Brancelj, Tatjana Simčič, Fabio Stoch et Cene Fišer. « Speciation of a subterranean amphipod on the glacier margins in South Eastern Alps, Europe ». Journal of Biogeography 49, no 1 (9 novembre 2021) : 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14275.

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Brenčič, Mihael. « Extreme Historical Droughts in the South-Eastern Alps — Analyses Based on Standardised Precipitation Index ». Acta Geophysica 64, no 5 (octobre 2016) : 1731–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/acgeo-2016-0017.

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Bačič, Tinka, Jasna Dolenc Koce et Nejc Jogan. « Luzula sect. Luzula (Juncaceae) in the South-Eastern Alps : morphology, determination and geographic distribution ». Botanica Helvetica 117, no 1 (juin 2007) : 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00035-007-0783-1.

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Auger, P., et A. Migeon. « Three new species of Tetranychidae (Acari, Prostigmata) from the French Alps (South-Eastern France) ». Acarologia 54, no 1 (28 mars 2014) : 15–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/acarologia/20142111.

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Cornelissen, Marcel, et Thomas Reitmaier. « Filling the gap : Recent Mesolithic discoveries in the central and south-eastern Swiss Alps ». Quaternary International 423 (novembre 2016) : 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.10.121.

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Borić, Dušan, Nikola Borovinić, Ljiljana Đuričić, Jelena Bulatović, Katarina Gerometta, Dragana Filipović, Ethel Allué, Zvezdana Vušović-Lučić et Emanuela Cristiani. « Spearheading into the Neolithic : Last Foragers and First Farmers in the Dinaric Alps of Montenegro ». European Journal of Archaeology 22, no 4 (26 juin 2019) : 470–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eaa.2019.14.

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This article presents a summary of new evidence for the Mesolithic in the Dinaric Alps of Montenegro. The region is one of the best areas in south-eastern Europe to study Early Holocene foragers and the nature of the transition to Neolithic lifeways at the end of the seventh and the beginning of the sixth millennium cal bc thanks to the existence of biodiverse landscapes and numerous karstic features. We argue that harpoons found at two different sites in this regional context represent a curated technology that has its roots in a local Mesolithic cultural tradition. The continued use of this standardized hunting tool kit in the Neolithic provides an important indication about the character of the Mesolithic–Neolithic transition. We also use this regional case study to address wider questions concerning the visibility and modes of Mesolithic occupation in south-eastern Europe as a whole.
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Laternser, Martin, et Walter J. Ammann. « Der Lawinenwinter 1951 | The Avalanches in the Winter of 1951 ». Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 152, no 1 (1 janvier 2001) : 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2001.0025.

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50 years ago, during the winter of 1950/51, the Swiss Alps experienced two extremely severe avalanche situations within a short time period, each of which were caused by completely different weather patterns. The first period of extreme avalanche activity occurred on January 19th/20th, 1951, and was caused by a persistent north-westerly storm. It affected mainly the central and eastern areas along the northern slope of the Swiss Alps. The second severe avalanche period, which caused extensive avalanching mainly on the south side of the Alps, followed three weeks later on February 11th/12th, 1951, due to an extraordinarily strong southerly barrage. In both cases, the Gotthard area was hit hard by severe avalanching. On the whole, a total of about 1500 avalanches caused the death of 98 people and resulted in great devastation. However, compared to the avalanche disaster of February 1999, which claimed 17 victims, the monetary value of the property damage and indirect damage remained rather low.
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Goričan, Špela, Aleksander Horvat, Duje Kukoč et Tomaž Verbič. « Stratigraphy and structure of the Julian Alps in NW Slovenia / Stratigrafija in struktura Julijskih Alp v severozahodni Sloveniji ». Folia biologica et geologica 63, no 2 (7 septembre 2022) : 61–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3986/fbg0098.

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The Julian Alps belong to the eastern Southern Alps where the South-Alpine and the Dinaric structures now overlap. In Mesozoic times, this area was part of the northeastern Adriatic continental margin, which was facing the Neotethys Ocean but was also close to the Alpine Tethys. The Mesozoic distribution of basins and swells on the continental margin determined variations in the stratigraphic record and also controlled the structural evolution of the later thrust belt. The most general tectonic subdivision in the Julian Alps is the distinction between the Tolmin nappes derived from the Slovenian Basin and the Julian nappes derived from the Julian High and its surroundings. This paper focuses on the Julian nappes. The Mesozoic stratigraphic record is linked with the available structural data to propose a robust subdivision in four nappes that were emplaced in the early Paleogene. From bottom to top these nappes and their corresponding paleotopographic units are: The Tamar Nappe (Tarvisio Basin), the Krn Nappe (western part of the Julian High) with the overlying Travnik Thrust Sheet (Bovec Basin), the Jelovica Nappe together with the Zlatna Klippe and the equivalent smaller klippen (eastern Julian High) and the Pokljuka Nappe (Bled Basin). The second part of the paper deals with the description of field-trip stops. The panoramic view from the mountain ridge south of Lake Bohinj is presented to explain the general structure of the Julian Alps. The second half of the field-trip is devoted to the Jurassic and Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Bled Basin as the paleogeographically most internal unit with clear affinities with the central Dinarides. Key words: Mesozoic, Cenozoic, Southern Alps, Dinarides, stratigraphy, nappe structure IZVLEČEK Julijske Alpe so del vzhodnih Južnih Alp, kjer se danes križajo južnoalpske in starejše dinarske strukture. V mezozoiku je bilo ozemlje del severovzhodnega kontinentalnega roba Jadranske plošče med Neotetido na vzhodu in Alpsko Tetido na zahodu. Razporeditev globokomorskih bazenov in relativno dvignjenih planot na mezozojskem kontinentalnem robu se odraža v raznolikem stratigrafskem zapisu, od mezozojskih prelomov in razlik v stratigrafskih zaporedjih pa je bil odvisen tudi nadaljnji strukturni razvoj ozemlja. Generalno so Julijske Alpe razdeljene na Tolminske in na Julijske pokrove. Stratigrafska zaporedja Tolminskih pokrovov so bila paleogeografsko del Slovenskega bazena, v Julijskih pokrovih pa so ohranjena zaporedja Julijskega praga in bazenov, ki so ga obkrožali. Poudarek članka je na Julijskih pokrovih. Na osnovi mezozojske stratigrafije in obstoječih strukturnih podatkov predlagamo grobo delitev Julijskih pokrovov na štiri pokrove iz Dinarskega faze narivanja, tako da vsakemu pokrovu ustreza določena mezozojska paleotopografska enota. Najnižji je Tamarski pokrov z zaporedji Trbiškega bazena. Sledi Krnski pokrov (zahodni del Julijskega praga) s Travniško lusko oziroma zaporedjem Bovškega bazena. Nad Krnskim pokrovom je Jelovški pokrov (vzhodni del Julijskega praga), ki mu pripadajo še Zlatenska plošča in nekaj manjših tektonskih krp. Strukturno najvišji je bil v paleogenu Pokljuški pokrov, sestavljen iz kamnin Blejskega bazena. V drugem delu članka so opisane ogledne točke ekskurzije. Razgled z Vogla in Šije smo uporabili za razlago generalne strukture Julijskih Alp. Druga polovica ekskurzije je posvečena stratigrafiji jurskih in krednih plasti Blejskega bazena, ki je bil paleogeografsko relativno interna enota, po stratigrafiji primerljiva z enotami centralnih Dinaridov. Ključne besede: mezozoik, kenozoik, Južne Alpe, Dinaridi, stratigrafija, pokrovna zgradba
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TIMOSSI, GIOVANNI, et ENRICO RUZZIER. « Description of Sphaleroptera orientana meridionalis subs. n. (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae : Cnephasiini) from the Pale di San Martino Mountain plateau (Dolomites, NE Italy) ». Zootaxa 5249, no 1 (28 février 2023) : 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5249.1.1.

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On the base of newly collected material, a new subspecies of the alpine endemic moth Sphaleroptera orientana Whitebread, 2006 (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the Pale di San Martino Group (Dolomites, Northern Italy) is described. Morphological characters of the adults and DNA barcode suggests the presence of allopatric populations of S. orientana in the South-eastern Alps, attributable to two distinct subspecies: S. o. suborientana Whitebread, 2006 in the Catinaccio, the Sella, and the Fanes group, and Julian Alps, and S. o. meridionalis subs. nov. known from the Pale of San Martino group. The main biogeographic barrier is constituted by the complex of the Fiemme valleys—Val di Fassa—by the Pordoi Pass and by the Val Cordevole which from west to north to east separate the distribution area of S. o. suorientana from S.o. meridionalis.
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