Articles de revues : « Solution SCO »

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Guguschev, C., J. Hidde, T. M. Gesing, M. Gogolin et D. Klimm. « Czochralski growth and characterization of TbxGd1−xScO3 and TbxDy1−xScO3 solid-solution single crystals ». CrystEngComm 20, n^o 20 (2018) : 2868–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ce00335a.

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Tb_xGd_1−xScO₃ and Tb_xDy_1−xScO₃ solid-solution single crystals were grown by the Czochralski method to validate the practicality of solid solutions between neighboring RE scandates (REScO₃).

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Sun, Jia-ze, Shu-yan Wang et Hao Chen. « A Guaranteed Global Convergence Social Cognitive Optimizer ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/534162.

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From the analysis of the traditional social cognitive optimization (SCO) in theory, we see that traditional SCO is not guaranteed to converge to the global optimization solution with probability one. So an improved social cognitive optimizer is proposed, which is guaranteed to converge to the global optimization solution. The global convergence of the improved SCO algorithm is guaranteed by the strategy of periodic restart in use under the conditions of participating in comparison, which helps to avoid the premature convergence. Then we give the convergence proof for the improved SCO based on Solis and Wets’ research results. Finally, simulation results on a set of benchmark problems show that the proposed algorithm has higher optimization efficiency, better global performance, and better stable optimization outcomes than the traditional SCO for nonlinear programming problems (NLPs).

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Nesslinger, S., H. Drechsel, R. Lorenz, P. Harmanec, P. Mayer et M. Wolf. « Photometric Solution of the O-type Eclipsing Binary V1007 Sco ». Astrophysics and Space Science 304, n^o 1-4 (21 juillet 2006) : 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10509-006-9071-6.

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LEI, MING, XIFENG PAN, XISHENG YANG, WENTAO WANG, FENG YANG et YONG ZHAO. « PREPARATION OF Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9-X BUFFER BY REEL-TO-REEL SLOT-DIE COATING ». International Journal of Modern Physics B 27, n^o 15 (4 juin 2013) : 1362019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979213620191.

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Bi-axially textured Sm 0.2 Ce 0.8 O 1.9-x (SCO) single buffer tape with the length of 110 cm and the thickness of 150 nm, has been prepared on textured NiW(200) alloy substrate by using the polymer assisted chemical solution deposition (PACSD) method combined with slot-die coating technique for REBCO coated conductors. Smooth, uniform and crack-free SCO tape with sharp (200) c-axis orientation and high texture has been obtained by controlling the viscosity of solution, the moving speed of tape and the release rate of solution, bi-lateral texture of tape has been more than 90%, the FWHM obtained from ω-scan and φ-scan on the center of the tape are 5.08° and 4.64°, respectively.

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Kamalova, Zukhra A. « VECTORS OF CULTURAL AND HUMANITARIAN COOPERATION WITHIN THE SCO ». American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 02, n^o 12 (1 décembre 2022) : 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume02issue12-13.

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This article describes the cultural cooperation between Uzbekistan and the SCO. The cultural and humanitarian sphere has the necessary mechanisms to resolve these problems peacefully. Modern multilateral diplomacy is expressed in the activities of the relevant international institutions - tools for the joint solution of international problems affecting the interests of several states or groups of their citizens.

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Lada, Zoi G., Amaia Soto Beobide, Georgios N. Mathioudakis et George A. Voyiatzis. « Fe(II) Spin Crossover/Polymer Hybrid Materials : Investigation of the SCO Behavior via Temperature-Dependent Raman Spectroscopy, Physicochemical Characterization and Migration Release Study ». Molecules 26, n^o 1 (3 janvier 2021) : 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26010201.

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Polymeric composites constitute an appealing class of materials with applications in various fields. Spin crossover (SCO) coordination complexes are switchable materials with potential use in data storage and sensors. Their incorporation into polymers can be considered an effective method for their wider practical application. In this study, Fe(II) SCO/polylactic acid hybrid polymeric composites have been prepared by film casting. The mononuclear coordination complex [Fe{N(CN)2}2(abpt)2] was incorporated into polylactic acid. The morphological, structural and thermoanalytical characterization of the composite films were performed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance (ATR/FTIR), Raman spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, the migration release study (MRS) of the SCO compound from the polymeric matrix into the food simulant 50% v/v water/ethanol solution was also examined via UV/Vis absorption. Of particular interest was the investigation of the SCO behavior of the coordination complex after its incorporation into the polymer matrix; it was accomplished by temperature-dependent micro-Raman spectroscopy. The described attempt could be considered a preparatory step toward the development of SCO-based temperature sensors integrated into food packaging materials.

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Chen, Yun-Ru, Nai-Wan Hsiao, Yi-Zong Lee, Shiau-Shan Huang, Chih-Chun Chang, Jyuan-Ru Tsai, Hui-Chen Lin, Jean-Yves Toullec, Chi-Ying Lee et Ping-Chiang Lyu. « Structure-Based Functional Analysis of a Hormone Belonging to an Ecdysozoan Peptide Superfamily : Revelation of a Common Molecular Architecture and Residues Possibly for Receptor Interaction ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n^o 20 (15 octobre 2021) : 11142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222011142.

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A neuropeptide (Sco-CHH-L), belonging to the crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) superfamily and preferentially expressed in the pericardial organs (POs) of the mud crab Scylla olivacea, was functionally and structurally studied. Its expression levels were significantly higher than the alternative splice form (Sco-CHH) in the POs, and increased significantly after the animals were subjected to a hypo-osmotic stress. Sco-CHH-L, but not Sco-CHH, significantly stimulated in vitro the Na+, K+-ATPase activity in the posterior (6th) gills. Furthermore, the solution structure of Sco-CHH-L was resolved using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, revealing that it has an N-terminal tail, three α-helices (α2, Gly9−Asn28; α3, His34−Gly38; and α5, Glu62−Arg72), and a π-helix (π4, Cys43−Tyr54), and is structurally constrained by a pattern of disulfide bonds (Cys7–Cys43, Cys23–Cys39, and Cys26–Cys52), which is characteristic of the CHH superfamily-peptides. Sco-CHH-L is topologically most similar to the molt-inhibiting hormone from the Kuruma prawn Marsupenaeus japonicus with a backbone root-mean-square-deviation of 3.12 Å. Ten residues of Sco-CHH-L were chosen for alanine-substitution, and the resulting mutants were functionally tested using the gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity assay, showing that the functionally important residues (I2, F3, E45, D69, I71, and G73) are located at either end of the sequence, which are sterically close to each other and presumably constitute the receptor binding sites. Sco-CHH-L was compared with other members of the superfamily, revealing a folding pattern, which is suggested to be common for the crustacean members of the superfamily, with the properties of the residues constituting the presumed receptor binding sites being the major factors dictating the ligand–receptor binding specificity.

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Wang, Chensheng, Shuchun' Wang et Gafur Gubaevich Salikhov. « Analysis of creation of the mechanism of resolution of disputes within the Shanghai Cooperation Organization ». Международное право и международные организации / International Law and International Organizations, n^o 1 (janvier 2021) : 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0633.2021.1.34983.

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The object of this research is the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO). In 2017 India and Pakistan were admitted to the SCO, which resulted in its territorial, economic, geopolitical, and legal expansion. Expansion of the SCO increased disputes between the member-states, and there is yet no well-developed mechanism for their resolution. The subject of this research is the disputes between the SCO countries. Member-states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, considering the peculiarities of universal approaches towards dispute resolution on the international level, developed sufficient flexibility in selection of political, international arbitration approaches towards solution of the arising problems. The author explores the confrontation between the member-states in the questions related to their territorial integrity and sovereignty. Special attention is turned to the border conflicts between China, India, and Pakistan. From the theoretical perspective of further development of the mechanisms for dispute resolution within the SCO, the author reviews the “tree-pronged” mechanism for dispute resolution, which path goes through certain stages of the process. This process involves the creation of effective internal mechanisms for dispute prevention, control, and settlement. The conclusion is made that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization has developed legal approaches towards resolution of internal problems. The author's special contribution consists in outlining the peculiarities of general approaches towards dispute settlement on the international level, as well as in indicating sufficient flexibility in selection of political, international approaches towards solution of the arising disputes. The novelty of this article lies in the proposal to create a “three-pronged” mechanism for dispute settlement, which path goes through all the stages of the process (beginning – middle– end).

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Qiu, Jiang-Zhen, Yong You, Ye Yu, Zhuo-Fan Chen, Cheng-Jie Guo, Yi-Ling Zhong, Wei-Quan Lin et Xu-Gang Shu. « A Mononuclear Iron(II) Spin-Crossover Molecule Decorated by Photochromic Azobenzene Group ». Molecules 27, n^o 5 (27 février 2022) : 1571. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27051571.

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Aiming at constructing photoresponsive spin crossover (SCO) behavior, herein we designed a new ligand Abtz (Abtz = (E)-N-(4-((E)-phenyldiazenyl)phenyl)-1-(thiazol-4-yl)methanimine) which was decorated by a photochromic azobenzene group. Based on this photochromic ligand, a mononuclear Fe(II) SCO molecule [Fe(Abtz)3](BF4)2·(EAC)2 (1, EAC = ethyl acetate) was successfully synthesized and showed a complete one-step SCO behavior. Under continuous UV light and blue-light exposure, the cis–trans photoisomerization of both ligand Abtz and compound 1 in the liquid phase was confirmed through UV–Vis spectra. Moreover, the 1H-NMR spectra of Abtz reveal a trans–cis conversion ratio of 37%. Although the UV–Vis spectra reveal the photochromic behavior for 1 in the solution phase, the SCO behavior in the liquid state is absent according to the variable-temperature Evans method, suggesting the possible decomposition. Moreover, in the solid state, the cis–trans photoisomerization of both Abtz and 1 was not observed, due to the steric hindrance.

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Sayed, Farheen N., R. Shukla et A. K. Tyagi. « A chemical method for stabilizing a new series of solid solution Pr1−xCexScO3 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) systems ». Dalton Transactions 44, n^o 38 (2015) : 16929–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5dt01459j.

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Garbuzarova, E. G. « The Role of the SCO in the Process of Neutralizing Regional Challenges and Threats ». Post-Soviet Issues 8, n^o 4 (21 décembre 2021) : 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24975/2313-8920-2021-8-4-425-436.

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The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is considered to be one of the key mechanisms for maintaining stability and security in Eurasia. Over the years of its existence the SCO gained considerable political weight and authority on the world stage. There are extremely pessimistic scenarios for the development of events in Afghanistan with the withdrawal of the United States Armed Forces from Afghanistan and the coming Taliban to power in this country in 2021. There is a high probability of aggravation of regional challenges and threats in the face of terrorism, drug smuggling, illegal migration, humanitarian catastrophe. Being an important element of the Eurasian security architecture the SCO has a good potential to counter these threats. Over the years of the SCO’s existence a solid legislative framework was developed within the organization and coordination mechanisms was created to counter regional threats. The national interests and security of the SCO member states are directly related to the situation in Afghanistan. That is why the Afghan issue is always on the agenda of the organization. Despite the emerging differences between the SCO member states on the Afghan issue a common position was developed at the anniversary summit of the organization in September 2021 in Dushanbe. All SCO members supported the solution of the Afghan problem through political and diplomatic means and stressed the need to form an inclusive government. The decision to accept Iran as a full member of the SCO was a significant event for the organization. As a full participant Iran became an additional advantage for the organization in solving regional problems. The factor of Iran which has a significant impact on the development of Afghanistan may become one of the key factors in building relations with the new Afghan authorities. Thus the SCO has a significant integration potential in the field of security and should play a positive role in the Afghan problem.

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Petzold, Holm, Paul Djomgoue, Gerald Hörner, Silvio Heider, Charles Lochenie, Birgit Weber, Tobias Rüffer et Dieter Schaarschmidt. « Spin state variability in Fe2+ complexes of substituted (2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline) ligands as versatile terpyridine analogues ». Dalton Transactions 46, n^o 19 (2017) : 6218–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt00422b.

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Fe²⁺ spin crossover complexes [Fe(L)₂]²⁺ (L = substituted (pyridin-2-yl)-1,10-phenanthroline) were prepared and SCO properties were investigated in solution and in the solid state by an experiment and in silico.

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Wang, Hao, Runduo Zhang, Yiyun Liu, Peixin Li, Hongxia Chen, Feng Ryan Wang et Wey Yang Teoh. « Selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia over nano Cu/zeolites with different topologies ». Environmental Science : Nano 7, n^o 5 (2020) : 1399–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0en00007h.

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The implementation of selective catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH₃-SCO) in automobile and stationary exhausts treatment allows the possibility to inject excess amount of NH₃ to fully reduce NO_x molecules as part of the solution toward achieving zero NO_x emissions.

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Hatfull, Roger W. M., Natalia Ivanova et James C. Lombardi. « Simulating a stellar contact binary merger – I. Stellar models ». Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 507, n^o 1 (26 juillet 2021) : 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab2140.

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ABSTRACT We study the initial conditions of a common envelope (CE) event resulting in a stellar merger. A merger’s dynamics could be understood through its light curve, but no synthetic light curve has yet been created for the full evolution. Using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) code StarSmasher, we have created three-dimensional (3D) models of a 1.52 M⊙ star that is a plausible donor in the V1309 Sco progenitor. The integrated total energy profiles of our 3D models match their initial one-dimensional (1D) models to within a 0.1 per cent difference in the top 0.1 M⊙ of their envelopes. We have introduced a new method for obtaining radiative flux by linking intrinsically optically thick SPH particles to a single stellar envelope solution from a set of unique solutions. For the first time, we calculated our 3D models’ effective temperatures to within a few per cent of the initial 1D models, and found a corresponding improvement in luminosity by a factor of ≳106 compared to ray tracing. We let our highest resolution 3D model undergo Roche lobe overflow with a 0.16 M⊙ point-mass accretor (P ≃ 1.6 d) and found a bolometric magnitude variability amplitude of ∼0.3 – comparable to that of the V1309 Sco progenitor. Our 3D models are, in the top 0.1 M⊙ of the envelope and in terms of total energy, the most accurate models so far of the V1309 Sco donor star. A dynamical simulation that uses the initial conditions we presented in this paper can be used to create the first ever synthetic CE evolution light curve.

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Shi, Yanjun, Lingling Lv, Fanyi Hu et Qiaomei Han. « A Heuristic Solution Method for Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing-Based Waste Collection Problems ». Applied Sciences 10, n^o 7 (1 avril 2020) : 2403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072403.

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This paper addresses waste collection problems in which urban household and solid waste are brought from waste collection points to waste disposal plants. The collection of waste from the collection points herein is modeled as a multi-depot vehicle routing problem (MDVRP), aiming at minimizing the total transportation distance. In this study, we propose a heuristic solution method to address this problem. In this method, we firstly assign waste collection points to waste disposal plants according to the nearest distance, then each plant solves the single-vehicle routing problem (VRP) respectively, assigning customers to vehicles and planning the order in which customers are visited by vehicles. In the latter step, we propose the sector combination optimization (SCO) algorithm to generate multiple initial solutions, and then these initial solutions are improved using the merge-head and drop-tail (MHDT) strategy. After a certain number of iterations, the optimal solution in the last generation is reported. Computational experiments on benchmark instances showed that the initial solutions obtained by the sector combination optimization algorithm were more abundant and better than other iterative algorithms using only one solution for initialization, and the solutions with distance gap were obtained using the merge-head and drop-tail strategy in a lower CPU time compared to the Tabu search algorithm.

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Gil Aparicio, Arturo, et Jaime Valls Miro. « An Efficient Stochastic Constrained Path Planner for Redundant Manipulators ». Applied Sciences 11, n^o 22 (11 novembre 2021) : 10636. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112210636.

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This brief proposes a novel stochastic method that exploits the particular kinematics of mechanisms with redundant actuation and a well-known manipulability measure to track the desired end-effector task-space motion in an efficient manner. Whilst closed-form optimal solutions to maximise manipulability along a desired trajectory have been proposed in the literature, the solvers become unfeasible in the presence of obstacles. A manageable alternative to functional motion planning is thus proposed that exploits the inherent characteristics of null-space configurations to construct a generic solution able to improve manipulability along a task-space trajectory in the presence of obstacles. The proposed Stochastic Constrained Optimization (SCO) solution remains close to optimal whilst exhibiting computational tractability, being an attractive proposition for implementation on real robots, as shown with results in challenging simulation scenarios, as well as with a real 7R Sawyer manipulator, during surface conditioning tasks.

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Borishpoletz, K. P. « Hydro-Energy Problems in Central Asia Region. Role of EuAsEC and SCO in its solution ». MGIMO Review of International Relations, n^o 2(17) (28 avril 2011) : 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2011-2-17-31-37.

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Lin, Wen-Shan, Yi-Ju Wang et Hong-Ren Chen. « A study of crowd-collaborative learning : an empirical study ». Library Hi Tech 36, n^o 4 (19 novembre 2018) : 622–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-01-2018-0016.

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Purpose Information technology is widely applied for completing group tasks and enhancing learning in computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) environment. Group members not only complete tasks but also learn ideas from other members of the group. These ideas can be better than what individual could come up with. As these ideas are referred as an upward comparison in the perspective of social comparison theory. However, there are limited studies that provide evidence in investigating how social comparison orientation (SCO) perceived by individual learner impacts on learning and group performance. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study experimentally tackles this problem at both individual and group level. An experimental study was applied in this study. Structural equation modeling and hierarchical linear modeling approaches are used to validate the data. Findings Results of 168 subjects reveal that SCO does have associations with group performance and learning performance respectively. Discussions and implications for literature and practice are given at the end of the paper. Originality/value This study confirms that the social genesis occurs more effectively through social interactions in CSCL. It also extends our understandings about the impacts of SCO. Results reveal that the higher level of SCO adopted by group members, the higher level of social interactions at group level can be triggered. As a result, the group performance can be enhanced. On one hand, these findings bridge the research gap in terms of investigating the notion of SCT on CSCL. On the other hand, it provides a possible solution in alleviating the problem of social loafing as commonly observed in CSCL. Therefore, these findings fulfilled the two research objectives.

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Wilson, Benjamin, Hayley Scott, Rosanna Archer, Corine Mathonière, Rodolphe Clérac et Paul Kruger. « Solution-State Spin Crossover in a Family of [Fe(L)2(CH3CN)2](BF4)2 Complexes ». Magnetochemistry 5, n^o 2 (1 avril 2019) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry5020022.

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We report herein on five new Fe(II) complexes of general formula [Fe(L)2(NCCH3)2](BF4)2•xCH3CN (L = substituted 2-pyridylimine-based ligands). The influence of proximally located electron withdrawing groups (e.g., NO2, CN, CF3, Cl, Br) bound to coordinated pyridylimine ligands has been studied for the effect on spin crossover in their Fe(II) complexes. Variable-temperature UV-visible spectroscopic studies performed on complexes with more strongly electronegative ligand substituents revealed spin crossover (SCO) in the solution, and thermodynamic parameters associated with the spin crossover were estimated.

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Ripert, Valérie, Liliane G. Hubert-Pfalzgraf, Renée Papiernik, Philippe Belleville et Hervé Floch. « Stabilization of ScO(OH) dispersions in aqueous-alcoholic media by aminosilanes. Solution routes to scandia coatings ». Journal of Materials Chemistry 11, n^o 7 (2001) : 1880–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b100736j.

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Curbelo, Fabiola D. S., Alfredo Ismael C. Garnica, Danilo F. Q. Leite, Amanda B. Carvalho, Raphael R. Silva et Evanice M. Paiva. « Study of Enhanced Oil Recovery and Adsorption Using Glycerol in Surfactant Solution ». Energies 13, n^o 12 (17 juin 2020) : 3135. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13123135.

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Over time, oil production in a reservoir tends to decrease, which makes it difficult to flow through the reservoir to the well, making its production increasingly difficult and costly. Due to their physical properties, such as reducing the water/oil interfacial tension, surfactants have been used in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes, however, their adsorption presents as an undesirable and inevitable factor and can decrease the efficiency of the method. This work’s main objective is to evaluate the effect of glycerol in the adsorption of surfactants in sandstones, as well as in the recovery factor during EOR. Brine solutions containing the nonionic surfactant saponified coconut oil (SCO), with and without glycerol, were used in the adsorption and oil recovery tests in sandstone. Adsorption, recovery, rheological, and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out. Regarding the surfactant/glycerol/brine solution, there was an improvement in the oil mobility, as the glycerol contributed to an increase in the viscosity of the solution, thereby increasing the sweep efficiency. The recovery factor obtained for the surfactant solution with glycerol was satisfactory, being 53% higher than without glycerol, because it simultaneously provided an increase in viscosity and a decrease in interfacial tension, both of which are beneficial for the efficiency of the process.

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Tkachenko, A. « Probing high-mass stellar evolutionary models with binary stars ». Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S307 (juin 2014) : 200–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314006711.

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AbstractMass discrepancy is one of the problems that is pending a solution in (massive) binary star research field. The problem is often solved by introducing an additional near core mixing into evolutionary models, which brings theoretical masses of individual stellar components into an agreement with the dynamical ones. In the present study, we perform a detailed analysis of two massive binary systems, V380 Cyg and σ Sco, to provide an independent, asteroseismic measurement of the overshoot parameter, and to test state-of-the-art stellar evolution models.

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Nan, Mingyu, Yifan Zhu, Li Kang, Tao Wang et Xin Zhou. « A Modified RL-IGWO Algorithm for Dynamic Weapon-Target Assignment in Frigate Defensing UAV Swarms ». Electronics 11, n^o 11 (6 juin 2022) : 1796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111796.

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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms have significant advantages in terms of cost, number, and intelligence, constituting a serious threat to traditional frigate air defense systems. Ship-borne short-range anti-air weapons undertake terminal defense tasks against UAV swarms. In traditional air defense fire control systems, a dynamic weapon-target assignment (DWTA) is disassembled into several static weapon target assignments (SWTAs), but the relationship between DWTAs and SWTAs is not supported by effective analytical proof. Based on the combat scenario between a frigate and UAV swarms, a model-based reinforcement learning framework was established, and a DWAT problem was disassembled into several static combination optimization (SCO) problems by means of the dynamic programming method. In addition, several variable neighborhood search (VNS) operators and an opposition-based learning (OBL) operator were designed to enhance the global search ability of the original Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), thereby solving SCO problems. An improved grey wolf algorithm based on reinforcement learning (RL-IGWO) was established for solving DWTA problems in the defense of frigates against UAV swarms. The experimental results show that RL-IGWO had obvious advantages in both the decision making time and solution quality.

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Korkosz, Mariusz, Piotr Bogusz et Jan Prokop. « The Fault-Tolerant Quad-Channel Brushless Direct Current Motor ». Energies 12, n^o 19 (25 septembre 2019) : 3667. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12193667.

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In this study, a permanent magnet brushless direct current machine with multi-phase windings is proposed for critical drive systems. We have named the solution, which has four-stator winding, a quad-channel permanent magnet brushless direct current (QCBLDC) motor. The stator windings are supplied by four independent power converters under quad-channel operation (QCO) mode. After a fault in either one, two, or three channels, further operation of the machine can be continued in triple-channel operation (TCO) mode, dual-channel operation (DCO) mode, or single-channel operation (SCO) mode. In this paper, a novel mathematical model is proposed for a QCBLDC machine. This model takes into account the nonlinearity of a magnetic circuit and all of the couplings between the phases within a given channel, as well as between channels. Based on numerical calculations, the static electromagnetic moment and the coupled fluxes were determined for the individual windings of the variants and work modes being analyzed. A normal work condition can be achieved in the QCO or DCO modes. For the DCO mode, an acceptable case uses a balanced magnetic pull (A and C channels supplied). The DCO A and B type work mode is comparable to the DCO A and C mode with regard to its efficiency in processing electrical energy. The vibroacoustic parameters of this mode, however, are much worse. In fault states, TCO, DCO, and SCO work modes are possible. As the number of active channels decreases, the efficiency of energy processing also decreases. In a critical situation, the motor works in overload mode (SCO mode). Laboratory tests conducted for one of the variants demonstrated that the TCO work mode is characterized by worse vibroacoustic parameters than the DCO A and C mode.

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Ragon, Florence, Korcan Yaksi, Natasha F. Sciortino, Guillaume Chastanet, Jean-François Létard, Deanna M. D'Alessandro, Cameron J. Kepert et Suzanne M. Neville. « Thermal Spin Crossover Behaviour of Two-Dimensional Hofmann-Type Coordination Polymers Incorporating Photoactive Ligands ». Australian Journal of Chemistry 67, n^o 11 (2014) : 1563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch14188.

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Two spin crossover (SCO)-active 2D Hofmann-type framework materials, [Fe(3-PAP)2Pd(CN)4] (A) and [Fe(4-PAP)2Pd(CN)4] (B) containing the photoactive azo-benzene-type ligands 3-phenylazo-pyridine (3-PAP) and 4-phenylazo-pyridine (4-PAP) were prepared. These materials form non-porous Hofmann-type structures whereby 2D [FeIIPd(CN)4] grids are separated by 3- or 4-PAP ligands. The iron(ii) sites of both materials (A and B) undergo abrupt and hysteretic spin transitions with characteristic transition temperatures T1/2↓,↑: 178, 190 K (ΔT: 12 K) and T1/2↓,↑: 233, 250 K (ΔT: 17 K), respectively. Photo-magnetic characterisations reveal light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) activity in both A and B with characteristic T(LIESST) values of 45 and 40 K. Although both free ligands show trans- to-cis isomerisation in solution under UV-irradiation, as evidenced via absorption spectroscopy, such photo-activity was not observed in the ligands or complexes A and B in the solid state. Structural analysis of a further non-SCO active isomer to B, [Fe(4-PAP)2Pd(CN)4]·1/2(4-PAP) (B·(4-PAP)), which contains free ligand in the pore space is reported.

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Costa, Tatiana A., Patrícia N. Pena et Ricardo H. C. Takahashi. « SCO-Concat : a Solution to a Planning Problem in Flexible Manufacturing Systems using Supervisory Control Theory and Optimization Techniques ». Journal of Control, Automation and Electrical Systems 29, n^o 4 (30 mai 2018) : 500–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40313-018-0386-7.

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Yao, Xifan, Jifeng Zhou, Yongxiang Li et Erhui Liu. « An Enhanced Collaborative Optimization Approach with Design Structure Matrix Algorithms to Group and Decouple Multidisciplines ». Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4340916.

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To improve the solution efficiency and reliability of multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO), an enhanced MDO approach, called sequenced collaborative optimization (SCO), is proposed. The proposed approach introduces the design structure matrix (DSM) to describe the coupling effects among disciplines and aggregates those mutually coupling disciplines into the strong tie groups among similar ones and the weak tie among heterogeneous ones through clustering algorithms. Further, those in the same group are sequenced by the DSM division algorithm. Moreover, by adding constraints, the groups are made independent, resulting in a tree structure without loops, thus decoupling the original multidisciplinary problem into several independent collaborative optimization modules. In the end, an example is employed to verify the efficiency and reliability of the approach.

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Pogodin, M. A., N. A. Drake, E. G. Jilinski et C. B. Pereira. « The unusual binary HD 83058 in the region of the Scorpius-Centaurus OB association ». Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S302 (août 2013) : 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314002397.

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AbstractWe present the results of high-resolution spectroscopy of the binary system HD 83058 situated in the region of the Sco-Cen OB association. On the base of the radial-curve solution we have determined the elements of the orbit and determined the period P = 2.365102 days. We have disentangled the spectra of the two components of the system and derived the basic parameters of both components. We have shown that moving features in the Si iii line profiles seen in the spectra of the primary can be interpreted in the frame of the assumption of the rotation of local spot-like inhomogeneities on the stellar surface. We have also found that the lines in the spectrum of the secondary show another type of variability.

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Bjerregaard, Henning F. « Hydrogen Peroxide Stimulation of Active Sodium Transport in Isolated Frog Skin : Indicative of a Possible Prostaglandin Interaction ». Alternatives to Laboratory Animals 22, n^o 3 (mai 1994) : 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026119299402200305.

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The influence of reactive oxygen metabolites on ion transport across the plasma membrane was investigated by measuring the effects of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on short-circuit current (SCO in isolated frog skin. Addition of H2O2 to the basolateral (inner) membranes of the polarised epithelial cells induced a dose-dependent stimulation of SCC with a half maximal stimulating concentration of 41üM H2O2. This stimulation could be blocked by 100μM amiloride in the apical (outer) solution, showing that H2O2 induced a specific activation of the active transport of sodium (Na+). The effect of H2O2 was inhibited in skins pretreated with 5μM indomethacin, implying the involvement of prostaglandins in the response. Furthermore, the effect of H2O2 was inhibited in the presence of 0.1mM quinacrine, indicating that the activation of the cyclo-oxygenase pathway is dependent on phospholipase A2 activity. The present data demonstrate that H2O2 in low concentrations (1μM-1mM) induced a specific stimulation of active Na+ transport due to activation of prostaglandin synthesis. An acute toxic effect on the electrophysiological parameters was noted after the addition of higher H2O2 concentrations (10–100mM). This effect resulted in a non-specific increase in the ion permeability of the epithelium, probably as a result of membrane damage due to lipid peroxidation.

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Melnikova, Elizaveta K., Dmitry Yu Aleshin, Igor A. Nikovskiy, Gleb L. Denisov et Yulia V. Nelyubina. « Spin State Behavior of A Spin-Crossover Iron(II) Complex with N,N′-Disubstituted 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine : A Combined Study by X-ray Diffraction and NMR Spectroscopy ». Crystals 10, n^o 9 (8 septembre 2020) : 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10090793.

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A series of three different solvatomorphs of a new iron(II) complex with N,N′-disubstituted 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine, including those with the same lattice solvent, has been identified by X-ray diffraction under the same crystallization conditions with the metal ion trapped in the different spin states. A thermally induced switching between them, however, occurs in a solution, as unambiguously confirmed by the Evans technique and an analysis of paramagnetic chemical shifts, both based on variable-temperature NMR spectroscopy. The observed stabilization of the high-spin state by an electron-donating substituent contributes to the controversial results for the iron(II) complexes of 2,6-bis(pyrazol-3-yl)pyridines, preventing ‘molecular’ design of their spin-crossover activity; the synthesized complex being only the fourth of the spin-crossover (SCO)-active kind with an N,N′-disubstituted ligand.

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Bayeh, Yosef, Nithin Suryadevara, Sören Schlittenhardt, Róbert Gyepes, Assefa Sergawie, Peter Hrobárik, Wolfgang Linert, Mario Ruben et Madhu Thomas. « Investigations on the Spin States of Two Mononuclear Iron(II) Complexes Based on N-Donor Tridentate Schiff Base Ligands Derived from Pyridine-2,6-Dicarboxaldehyde ». Inorganics 10, n^o 7 (8 juillet 2022) : 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10070098.

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Iron(II)-Schiff base complexes are a well-studied class of spin-crossover (SCO) active species due to their ability to interconvert between a paramagnetic high spin-state (HS, S = 2, 5T2) and a diamagnetic low spin-state (LS, S = 0, 1A1) by external stimuli under an appropriate ligand field. We have synthesized two mononuclear FeII complexes, viz., [Fe(L1)2](ClO4)2.CH3OH (1) and [Fe(L2)2](ClO4)2.2CH3CN (2), from two N6–coordinating tridentate Schiff bases derived from 2,6-bis[(benzylimino)methyl]pyridine. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), solution state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, 1H and 13C NMR (both theoretically and experimentally), single-crystal diffraction and magnetic susceptibility studies. The structural, spectroscopic and magnetic investigations revealed that 1 and 2 are with Fe–N6 distorted octahedral coordination geometry and remain locked in LS state throughout the measured temperature range from 5–350 K.

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Bychkova, Elena. « The theme of ecology at the Third Global Professional Forum “The Book. Culture. Education. Innovations” (“Crimea-2017”) ». Scientific and Technical Libraries, n^o 1 (1 janvier 2018) : 68–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2018-1-68-79.

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In 2017, announced the Ecology Year in Russia, ecology, as a traditional theme at the Crimea forums, held a particular place on the Forum agenda. The paper offers a review of the materials on ecological education in libraries presented within the framework of the Forum. The author focuses on the work of the Section “Ecological information and ecological culture” that, in particular, embraced the teleconference with the participants of the round table “Culture. Ecology. Informatization: Towards sustainable development” within the framework of IX International IT-Forum with BRICS and SCO participation (Khanty-Mansiysk). The lecture delivered by V. Grachev, President of Non-government V. Vernadsky Ecological Foundation, is reviewed as a significant event within the Crimea Forum professional program. The author notes that Vladimir Vernadsky saw the shift in the worldview and ideology toward noospheric thinking , and, as a result, toward efficient nature management, as the ecological problems solution. The results of the All-Russian contest of Ecological Education Events within the framework of the Day of Ecological Knowledge All-Russian Library Event were announced.

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Zhang, Lei, Chao Yang, Lei Zhang, Huibin He, Min Luo, Yang Jia et Yonghui Li. « Application of Plasma Treatment in Preparation of Soybean Oil Factory Sludge Catalyst and Its Application in Selective Catalytic Oxidation (SCO) Denitration ». Materials 11, n^o 9 (4 septembre 2018) : 1609. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11091609.

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At present, the most commonly used denitration process is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) method. However, in the SCR method, the service life of the catalyst is short, and the industrial operation cost is high. The selective catalytic oxidation absorption (SCO) method can be used in a low temperature environment, which greatly reduces energy consumption and cost. The C/N ratio of the sludge produced in the wastewater treatment process of the soybean oil plant used in this paper is 9.64, while the C/N ratio of the sludge produced by an urban sewage treatment plant is 10–20. This study shows that the smaller the C/N ratio, the better the denitration efficiency of the catalyst. Therefore, dried oil sludge is used as a catalyst carrier. The influence of different activation times, and LiOH concentrations, on catalyst activity were investigated in this paper. The denitration performance of catalysts prepared by different activation sequences was compared. The catalyst was characterized by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The experimental results showed that: (1) When the concentration of the LiOH solution used for activation is 15%, and the activation time is four hours, the denitration effect of the catalyst is the best; (2) the catalyst prepared by activation before plasma roasting has the best catalytic activity.

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Yuan, Yecheng, Baolin Li, Xizhang Gao, Wei Liu, Ying Li et Rui Li. « Validation of Cloud-Gap-Filled Snow Cover of MODIS Daily Cloud-Free Snow Cover Products on the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau ». Remote Sensing 14, n^o 22 (8 novembre 2022) : 5642. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14225642.

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Accurate daily snow cover extent is a significant input for hydrological applications in the Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau (QTP). Although several Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) daily cloud-free snow cover products over the QTP are openly accessible, the cloud-gap-filled snow cover from these products has not yet been validated. This study assessed the accuracy of cloud-gap-filled snow cover from three open accessible MODIS daily products based on snow maps retrieved from Landsat TM images. The F1-score (FS) from daily cloud-free MODIS snow cover for the combined MOD10A1F and MYD10A1F (SC1) was 64.4%, which was 7.4% points and 5.3% points higher than the other two commonly used products (SC2 and SC3), respectively. The superior accuracies from SC1 were more evident in regions with altitudes lower than 5000 m, with a weighted average FS by the area percentage of the altitude regions of 58.3%, which was 6.9% points and 9.1% points higher than SC2 and SC3. The improved SC1 accuracies also indicated regional clustering characteristics with higher FS values compared to SC2 and SC3. The lower accuracies of cloud-gap-filled snow cover from SC2 and SC3 were mainly due to the limitation in determining snow cover based on the method of the inferred snow line and the overestimation of the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) snow water equivalent (SWE). These results indicate that the temporal filter approach used in SC1 is a good solution to produce daily cloud-gap-filled snow cover data for the QTP because of its higher accuracy and simple computation. The findings can be helpful for the selection of cloud-removal algorithms for determining snow cover dynamics and phenological parameters on the QTP.

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Amereih, Sameer, Thomas Meisel et Wolfhard Wegsheider. « Accurate Determination of Total Antimony Using ICP-MS and Optimization Its Extraction Efficiency From Reference and Soil Samples ». مجلة جامعة فلسطين التقنية للأبحاث 6, n^o 1 (18 décembre 2018) : 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53671/pturj.v6i1.56.

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Two independent digestion techniques (microwave acid digestion with HF and HCl, HNO3 and Na2O2 sintering, respectively) were applied to determine the total Sb concentration in a real soil sample and in reference materials: Icelandic Basalt (BIR-1), Cody Shale (SCo-1) and (Soil-7). ICP-MS was used to determine total antimony concentrations in the digested and the extracted solutions using external calibration and isotope dilution technique. The recoveries of Sb using HF in the acids digestion mixture in closed-vessels microwave digestion system were excellent and the concentrations are in very good agreement with certified or reported concentrations of reference materials. Using closed-vessels combined with microwave heating systems probably prevents the loss of volatile Sb compounds. The use of hydrogen fluoride with other strong acid can help dissociating insoluble antimony silicates. Different extraction reagents were tested for their ability to extract antimony using an ultrasonic bath namely: EDTA disodium salt, potassium hydroxide, citric acid monohydrate, pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, ammonium acetate, ammonium oxalate, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium persulphate and di-ammonium hydrogen citrate. A 500 mmol L-1 solution of citric acid pH 1.08 proved to be the most efficient extractant. Optimization of the extraction conditions were investigated by studying the effect of pH, concentration, temperature, time of extraction, the ratio of sample mass to the volume of extractant and the number of consecutive extractions. As a result three consecutive extractions for a total time of 45 min at 80 ˚C was the most efficient condition for Sb extraction. Using these extraction conditions 61%, 3.7% RSD and 42%, 2.2% RSD (n=6) of the total antimony in the real soil and Soil-7 samples, respectively could be extracted.

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Amereih, Sameer, Thomas Meisel et Wolfhard Wegsheider. « Accurate Determination of Total Antimony Using ICP-MS and Optimization Its Extraction Efficiency From Reference and Soil Samples ». مجلة جامعة فلسطين التقنية خضوري للأبحاث 6, n^o 1 (18 décembre 2018) : 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.53671/ptukrj.v6i1.56.

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Two independent digestion techniques (microwave acid digestion with HF and HCl, HNO3 and Na2O2 sintering, respectively) were applied to determine the total Sb concentration in a real soil sample and in reference materials: Icelandic Basalt (BIR-1), Cody Shale (SCo-1) and (Soil-7). ICP-MS was used to determine total antimony concentrations in the digested and the extracted solutions using external calibration and isotope dilution technique. The recoveries of Sb using HF in the acids digestion mixture in closed-vessels microwave digestion system were excellent and the concentrations are in very good agreement with certified or reported concentrations of reference materials. Using closed-vessels combined with microwave heating systems probably prevents the loss of volatile Sb compounds. The use of hydrogen fluoride with other strong acid can help dissociating insoluble antimony silicates. Different extraction reagents were tested for their ability to extract antimony using an ultrasonic bath namely: EDTA disodium salt, potassium hydroxide, citric acid monohydrate, pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid, ammonium acetate, ammonium oxalate, ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium persulphate and di-ammonium hydrogen citrate. A 500 mmol L-1 solution of citric acid pH 1.08 proved to be the most efficient extractant. Optimization of the extraction conditions were investigated by studying the effect of pH, concentration, temperature, time of extraction, the ratio of sample mass to the volume of extractant and the number of consecutive extractions. As a result three consecutive extractions for a total time of 45 min at 80 ˚C was the most efficient condition for Sb extraction. Using these extraction conditions 61%, 3.7% RSD and 42%, 2.2% RSD (n=6) of the total antimony in the real soil and Soil-7 samples, respectively could be extracted.

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YATSYSHYN, Мykhaylo, Kristina VLAD, Roman SERKIZ et Oleksandr RESHETNYAK. « POLYPYRROLE DEPOSITION ON THE SURFACE OF Al87Ni8Y5 AMORPFOUS ALLOYS IN POTENTIODYNAMIC MODE ». Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Series Сhemical Sciences 2020, n^o 60 (25 février 2020) : 136–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.37827/ntsh.chem.2020.60.136.

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Polypyrrole films were deposited on the surface both of the outer and contact sides of the Al87Ni8Y5 amorphous alloy electrodes by potentiodynamic oxidation of 0.1 M pyrrole in 0.5 M H2SO4 aqueous solution. It was found that the oxidation of pyrrole on Al87Ni8Y5 amorphous alloy electrodes occurs comparatively easy and already during the first cycle of potential scanning a nanofilm of polypyrrole is formed. The formation of polypyrrole film essentially accelerates during following cycles of potential scanning. Cyclic voltammogramms has been analyzed and the process of electrochemical oxidation of pyrrole and redox transformations of polypyrrole at these electrodes is described. It is shown that the difference in film topology is due to the surface topology of electrodes, which determines stability of surface oxide films on these surfaces. Studies of the electrode surface topology and also morphology, structure and composition of polypyrrole films produced on an amorphous alloy electrode were carried out using Fourier-transform infrared spectro¬sco¬py with attenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). It has been confirmed using FTIR analysis that the films deposited on the surface of the Al87Ni8Y5 electrodes corespond to polypyrrole which are in the form of hydrosulfate salt. The analysis of the received electron microscopy images shown that polypyrrole films produced both on the contact and outer sides of the working electrodes has developed surface topology, which depends on surface quality and nature of amorphizing additive in electrode alloy. In addition, it is likely that a significant number of aggregates of polypyrrole macromolecules are formed in the solution, which further play the role of electrodes, where the oxidation of the corresponding monomer from its aqueous solution takes place. The results of EDX microanalysis shown presence in the polymeric films of small amount of metal impurities (in the form of sulfates mainly), which formed in the result of the corrosion of working electrode.

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Jablonski, Chet, Zhongxin Zhou et John N. Bridson. « Synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, and solution conformation of (−)436-(SCo,SC)-(η5-C9H7)Co★(C3F7)I(Ph2PNHC★H(CH3)Ph, an easily resolvable chiral-at-metal complex ». Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 429, n^o 3 (mai 1992) : 379–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(92)83186-l.

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JABLONSKI, C., Z. ZHOU et J. N. BRIDSON. « ChemInform Abstract : Synthesis, Characterization, Crystal Structure, and Solution Conformation of (-)436-(SCo,SC)(η5-C9H7)Co*(C3F7)I(Ph2PNHC*H(CH3) Ph), an Easily Resolvable Chiral-at-Metal Complex ». ChemInform 23, n^o 35 (21 août 2010) : no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199235246.

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Gunal, Ozen, Mustafa Akpinar et Kevser Ovaz Akpinar. « Optimization of Laminar Boundary Layers in Flow over a Flat Plate Using Recent Metaheuristic Algorithms ». Energies 15, n^o 14 (11 juillet 2022) : 5069. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15145069.

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Heat transfer is one of the most fundamental engineering subjects and is found in every moment of life. Heat transfer problems, such as heating and cooling, where the transfer of heat between regions is calculated, are problems that can give exact solutions with parametric equations, many of which were obtained by solving differential equations in the past. Today, the fact that heat transfer problems have a more complex structure has led to the emergence of multivariate models, and problems that are very difficult to solve with differential equations have emerged. Optimization techniques, which are also the subject of computer science, are frequently used to solve complex problems. In this study, laminar thermal boundary layers in flow over a flat plate, a sub-problem of heat transfer, is solved with recent metaheuristic algorithms. Teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO), sine cosine optimization (SCO), gray wolf optimization (GWO), whale optimization (WO), salp swarm optimization (SSO), and Harris hawk optimization (HHO) algorithms are used in the study. In the optimization problem, the laminar boundary layer thickness, heat flow, and distance from the leading edge are determined. These three models’ minimum, maximum, and target values are found under the specified design variables and constraints. In the study, 540 optimization models are run, and it is seen that HHO is the most suitable optimization technique for heat transfer problems. Additionally, SSO and WO algorithms gave results close to HHO. Other algorithms also set model targets with an average of less than 0.07% and acceptable error rates. In addition, the average problem solution time of all optimization algorithms and all models was 0.9 s. To conclude, the recent metaheuristic algorithms are found to be powerful and fast in solving heat transfer problems.

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Laventie, Benoît-Joseph, Cristina Potrich, Cédric Atmanène, Maher Saleh, Olivier Joubert, Gabriella Viero, Christoph Bachmeyer et al. « p-Sulfonato-calix[n]arenes inhibit staphylococcal bicomponent leukotoxins by supramolecular interactions ». Biochemical Journal 450, n^o 3 (28 février 2013) : 559–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20121628.

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PVL (Panton–Valentine leukocidin) and other Staphylococcus aureus β-stranded pore-forming toxins are important virulence factors involved in various pathologies that are often necrotizing. The present study characterized leukotoxin inhibition by selected SCns (p-sulfonato-calix[n]arenes): SC4, SC6 and SC8. These chemicals have no toxic effects on human erythrocytes or neutrophils, and some are able to inhibit both the activity of and the cell lysis by leukotoxins in a dose-dependent manner. Depending on the type of leukotoxins and SCns, flow cytometry revealed IC50 values of 6–22 μM for Ca2+ activation and of 2–50 μM for cell lysis. SCns were observed to affect membrane binding of class S proteins responsible for cell specificity. Electrospray MS and surface plasmon resonance established supramolecular interactions (1:1 stoichiometry) between SCns and class S proteins in solution, but not class F proteins. The membrane-binding affinity of S proteins was Kd=0.07–6.2 nM. The binding ability was completely abolished by SCns at different concentrations according to the number of benzenes (30–300 μM; SC8>SC6≫SC4). The inhibitory properties of SCns were also observed in vivo in a rabbit model of PVL-induced endophthalmitis. These calixarenes may represent new therapeutic avenues aimed at minimizing inflammatory reactions and necrosis due to certain virulence factors.

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Okazaki, Y. « Trivalent Sc3+ ion conduction in the Sc2(WO4)3–Sc2(MoO4)3 solid solution ». Solid State Ionics 136-137, n^o 1-2 (2 novembre 2000) : 437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-2738(00)00445-8.

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Ali, Zulqurnain, Bi Gongbing et Aqsa Mehreen. « Predicting supply chain effectiveness through supply chain finance ». International Journal of Logistics Management 30, n^o 2 (13 mai 2019) : 488–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-05-2018-0118.

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PurposeDue to globalization, textile small and medium enterprises (SMEs) operations have become complex which raised the needs of risk-free financing solutions to support the SMEs’ daily processes. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of supply chain (SC) finance, a risk-free financing solution, on SC effectiveness (SCE) in the context of textile SMEs by employing transaction cost (TC) approach.Design/methodology/approachThe participants of the study were recruited from textile SMEs through a structured questionnaire. The proposed model and structural relationships were assessed by employing AMOS 24.0.FindingsThe results of this paper indicate that supply chain finance (SCF) has a significant effect on SCE. Furthermore, all proposed factors of SCF adoption have a positive and significant effect on SCF.Practical implicationsThis study helps the SMEs executives or owners to adopt SCF as a secure financing scheme to reduce the credit TCs, optimize the firm working capital, reduce the risk of default, and improve SC effectiveness. SMEs and suppliers can build strong relationships while adopting the findings of this study. SMEs can engage the suppliers to work under strategic alliance through negotiation, collaboration, and work digitization, and extend their payment terms while providing an opportunity to the suppliers to get their payment back before a fixed time through discounting from financial institutions as needed.Originality/valueThe present study covered the gap related to SCF and SCE by identifying unique factors of SCF adoption which was ignored in the previous literature by employing TC approach.

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Yuan, Xinzhe, Mohammad Ali Karbasforoushha, Rahmad B. Y. Syah, Mohammad Khajehzadeh, Suraparb Keawsawasvong et Moncef L. Nehdi. « An Effective Metaheuristic Approach for Building Energy Optimization Problems ». Buildings 13, n^o 1 (29 décembre 2022) : 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010080.

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Mathematical optimization can be a useful strategy for minimizing energy usage while designing low-energy buildings. To handle building energy optimization challenges, this study provides an effective hybrid technique based on the pelican optimization algorithm (POA) and the single candidate optimizer (SCO). The suggested hybrid algorithm (POSCO) benefits from both the robust local search power of the single candidate method and the efficient global search capabilities of the pelican optimization. To conduct the building optimization task, the optimization method was developed and integrated with the EnergyPlus codes. The effectiveness of the proposed POSCO method was verified using mathematical test functions, and the outcomes were contrasted with those of conventional POA and other effective optimization techniques. Application of POSCO for global function optimization reveals that, among the thirteen considered functions, the proposed method was best at finding the global solution for seven functions, while providing superior results for the other functions when compared with competitive techniques. The suggested POSCO is applied for reducing an office buildings’ annual energy use. Comparing POSCO to POA procedures, the building energy usage is reduced. Furthermore, POSCO is compared to simple POA and other algorithms, with the results showing that, at specific temperatures and lighting conditions, the POSCO approach outperforms selected state-of-the-art methods and reduces building energy usage. As a result, all data suggests that POSCO is a very promising, dependable, and feasible optimization strategy for dealing with building energy optimization models. Finally, the building energy optimization findings for various climatic conditions demonstrate that the changes to the weather dataset had limited effect on the efficiency of the optimization procedure.

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Onyeocha, Veronica, Kelechukwu N. Onwukamike, Victor O. Njoku, Maduabuchi Arinzechukwu Chidiebere et Emeka E. Oguzie. « Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solution Using Sugar Cane Bark and Chaff Biomass ». International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 69 (août 2016) : 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.69.49.

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The removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye pollutant from aqueous solution using sugar cane bark (SCB) and chaff (SCC) was studied using batch experiments. The operating variables studied were initial biomass dose, initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and temperature. The result revealed that the amount of MB dye uptake, qe(mg/g) increased with an increase in temperature, dye concentration and contact time, but decreased with an increase in adsorbent dosage. Equilibrium data were found to obey Langmuir isotherm for both biomass, showing a monolayer adsorption mechanism. The monolayer sorption capacity of SCB and SCC for MB dye were found to be 1.282mg/g and 1.706mg/g, respectively at 303K. The thermodynamics parameters of the MB / biomass system indicate spontaneous (ΔG◦<0) and endothermic (ΔH >0) process. The study show that SCB and SCC which are common environmental wastes can be used for the treatment of MB dye polluted water.

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Onyeocha, Veronica O., Kelechukwu N. Onwukamike, Victor O. Njoku, Maduabuchi Arinzechukwu Chidiebere et Emeka E. Oguzie. « Removal of Methylene Blue Dye Pollutant from Aqueous Solution Using Sugar Cane Bark and Chaff Biomass ». International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 69 (12 août 2016) : 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-3v29go.

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The removal of Methylene blue (MB) dye pollutant from aqueous solution using sugar cane bark (SCB) and chaff (SCC) was studied using batch experiments. The operating variables studied were initial biomass dose, initial dye concentration, contact time, pH and temperature. The result revealed that the amount of MB dye uptake, qe (mg/g) increased with an increase in temperature, dye concentration and contact time, but decreased with an increase in adsorbent dosage. Equilibrium data were found to obey Langmuir isotherm for both biomass, showing a monolayer adsorption mechanism. The monolayer sorption capacity of SCB and SCC for MB dye were found to be 1.282mg/g and 1.706mg/g, respectively at 303K. The thermodynamics parameters of the MB / biomass system indicate spontaneous (ΔG◦ <0) and endothermic (ΔH > 0) process. The study show that SCB and SCC which are common environmental wastes can be used for the treatment of MB dye polluted water.

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Yang, Wu, Guang Fu Li, Hao Guo, Jian Jiang Zhou, Chun Bo Huang et Jiasheng Bai. « Effects of Environmental Factors on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steels ». Key Engineering Materials 297-300 (novembre 2005) : 939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.297-300.939.

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Effects of some environmental factors on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of pipeline steel X-70 both in near-neutral pH environments, including NS4 solution and several solutions containing main types of soil in the eastern part of China, and in high pH solution were studied by means of electrochemical measurement and slow strain rate testing (SSRT). The anodic polarization curves showed different features in near-neutral pH and high pH solutions in terms of active-passive transition behavior. In near-neutral pH solutions, the cracking mode was transgranular with the feature of quasi-cleavage, the susceptibility to SCC increased with decreasing potential, pH and temperature as well as increasing CO2, indicating a dominant mechanism of hydrogen induced cracking (HIC). In high pH solutions, the cracking behavior was similar to that in near-neutral pH solutions when the specimens were polarized at cathodic potentials, but quite different at anodic potentials. A comparison of the electrochemical behavior with the SCC potential region indicated a dominant SCC mechanism associated with anodic dissolution (AD) of X70 in high pH solution at anodic potentials. A preliminary experimental potential (E)-pH-SCC diagram has been established for X70 in near-neutral pH environments.

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Li, Guang Fu, Chun Bo Huang, Hao Guo et Wu Yang. « Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipeline Steel in Soil Environments of Eastern China ». Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (septembre 2007) : 223–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.223.

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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors of pipeline steel X70 in various near-neutral pH soil environments with characteristics of eastern China have been studied through electrochemical measurements and slow strain rate tests (SSRT) at various electrode potentials in four solutions containing different typical soils in eastern China as well as in NS-4 solution. The SCC susceptibility in the four soil solutions was generally higher than that in NS-4 solution. There was a general trend that SCC susceptibility increased with decreasing the potential, suggesting that hydrogen induced cracking probably plays a key role in the cracking at least at low potentials and the parameters of cathodic protection in engineering should be carefully optimized to avoid SCC.

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Lee, Eun Hee, Kyung Mo Kim et Uh Chul Kim. « Stress Corrosion Cracking of Alloy 600 in a High-Temperature Water Containing Sulfate and Thiosulfate ». Key Engineering Materials 277-279 (janvier 2005) : 644–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.277-279.644.

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The stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of Alloy 600 MA has been studied in deaerated 0.01 M sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3) solutions at 340°C. Pre-strained reverse U-bend (RUB) specimens are tested using a static-autoclave system. The specimens show an intergranular SCC and a higher resistance to SCC in a Na2S2O3 solution than in a Na2SO4 solution. The results of the deposits and surface analyses by using XRD and SEM/EDS confirm the existence of the sulfides. The SCC of Alloy 600 MA is associated with the reduced sulfur species and protective oxide film properties formed on the alloy surface in the Na2SO4 and Na2S2O3 solutions.

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Ovchinnikov, Sergei Nikolaevich, et Vadim Valentinovich Atamanchuk. « Problems of the effectiveness of international cooperation of the Customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the law enforcement sphere ». Право и политика, n^o 10 (octobre 2022) : 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2022.10.38296.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of current international legal problems of international cooperation of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation in the law enforcement sphere. The paper analyzes the performance indicators of the Federal Customs Service of Russia in the law enforcement sphere during 2013-2021. As can be seen from the official statistics of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation, the share of indicators achieved using various forms of legal assistance is extremely small against the background of general indicators. At the same time, the quantitative effectiveness of the use of these methods remains, and even a slight increase is observed, however, against the background of an even greater increase in overall indicators, the share of results achieved with the use of forms of legal assistance has fallen significantly. Such a situation testifies to the insufficiently effective development of international customs cooperation in the law enforcement sphere and indicates the presence of significant unresolved problems in this area. The preservation and improvement of quantitative indicators of efficiency with a huge decline in the share among the general indicators, which indicates the insufficiently effective development of international customs cooperation in the law enforcement sphere, has been revealed. As a solution to the problem, recommendations on improving strategic documents defining the legal policy of the Russian Federation in the field of customs service development are presented. Taking into account the expansion of the tasks of international cooperation in the customs sphere, it seems advisable to expand the geography of this cooperation by prioritizing interaction with the customs services of the EAEU, BRICS, SCO member states - in this case, the geography of international customs cooperation will coincide with the priority areas of international cooperation of the Russian Federation as a whole, which, with the help of the existing legal and technical base of these organizations that will quickly create suitable conditions for international cooperation of customs authorities, including in the field of law enforcement.

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