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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Socialism – Bulgaria – History »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Socialism – Bulgaria – History"

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Baeva, Iskra V. « Political Censorship in Post-Socialist Bulgaria ». Slavic World in the Third Millennium 15, no 1-2 (2020) : 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2020.15.1-2.09.

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This article presents how the political changes in Bulgaria after 1989 have infl uenced the interpretation of 20th century history. The emergence of the new censorship is traced through the introduction of a new canon for presenting the past. Three decades ago, Bulgaria began its transition from Soviet-type state socialism to political democracy. For historians, this meant removing political and ideological censorship. Initially, this freedom gave historians the chance to upgrade historical knowledge with hidden facts that were inconvenient for the BCP government. Soon, however, new political parties came to power and began to impose their political version of history. This meant re- moving facts related to the history of the communist movement and anti-fascism in Bulgaria. The attempts at rewriting history are especially visible in the presentation of the socialist period. The political intervention began with the renaming of streets, towns, and institutions. Names associated with the anti-fascist resistance and Russian and Soviet history were removed. Instead, names from the time when Bulgaria was part of the Tripartite Pact were restored. The modern political censorship is most evident in the rewriting of history textbooks. The new curricula introduced a mandatory positive presentation of the history of the Third Bulgarian Kingdom. The actions of the Communists had to be presented as terrorist, and the entire post-war government was defi ned as totalitarian. Instead of socialism, we should use the term “communism”. In 2019, when approving the new history textbooks for high schools, right-wing non-governmental organizations intervened and, as a result, facts about the socio-economic development of the country in the socialist period were removed.
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Putyatina, Irina S. « Todorova M. The Lost World of Socialists at Europe’s Margins : Imagining Utopia, 1870s – 1920s. London ; New York : Bloomsbury, 2020. 384 p. ISBN 978-1-3501-5033-1 ». Slavic World in the Third Millennium 16, no 3-4 (2021) : 289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2021.16.3-4.13.

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This monograph by Maria Todorova discusses the establishment and mutual acceptance of the international socialist movement in Bulgarian social democracy. The main features of the socialist movement in Bulgaria are highlighted and the penetration of socialist ideas into the socio-political environment of the country is presented. The attitude of the Bulgarian socialists to the national question and the issues of war and peace during the Balkan Wars and the First World War are considered. Bulgarian socialists are presented as consistent internationalists and pacifists who did not change their positions even under the influence of the outbreak of the First World War. The problem of the imitativeness of Bulgarian socialism is analyzed as an integral part of the issue of Russian or Western European influence upon Bulgaria. Despite the fact that Todorova does not deny the prevalence and cultural influence of the ideas of Russian populism in Bulgaria, she comes to the conclusion that both Western European and national historiography tend to exaggerate the Russian influence on the formation of the Bulgarian socialist tradition. Features of the two political generations identified by Todorova that operated in Bulgaria during the period under consideration are presented and the typical places of education of Bulgarian socialists are revealed. Analyzing a large volume of historical sources, the author uses the biographical method to acquaint readers with numerous socialists forgotten or bypassed by the national communist historiography. Considering the individual experience of socialists, Todorova demonstrates the various paths that led people to this political camp. Attention is paid to the women's socialist movement in Bulgaria and the history of women's participation in the social and political life of the country.
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Trendafilov, Vladimir. « The Formation of Bulgarian Countercultures : Rock Music, Socialism, and After ». East Central Europe 38, no 2-3 (2011) : 238–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187633011x597234.

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AbstractThe article traces the evolution of musical counterculture in Bulgaria from the 1960s down to the present time. A special attention is given to its burgeoning during socialism—the creation of the early rock groups, the difficulties they met on their way to achieving popularity and style, and their uneven struggle with the various censorship strictures. The significant details and stages of this process are viewed against the background of emergent socialist consumer culture, a dubious product of the interplay between the totalitarian system and the cultural impact of the West. And, last but not least, the development of present-day trends and tastes in Bulgarian popular music is interpreted as a basic transformation of the forces that constitute the field of conflict between counterculture and the mainstream.
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Luleva, Ana. « The Bulgarian International Tourism in Late Socialism – between the Class-party Ideology and the Economic Interest ». Balkanistic Forum 30, no 1 (5 janvier 2021) : 207–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v30i1.13.

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After the 1960s the international tourism was developed as an important economic branch of Eastern European countries and space where the economic interests, ideol-ogy, consumption, and social policies were entangled. In this study, I will undertake a historic-anthropological analysis of international tourism in Bulgaria in the time of late socialism, which is based on a case study of Borovetz, the biggest Bulgarian mountain resort during socialism. The research question addressed are: how the re-gime was trying to establish legitimacy through tourism – among Bulgarian citizens and internationally, which is the role of the ideological confrontation with the West in the period of the Cold War and which are the leading strategies in the management and the work culture in the branch of international tourism at that time.
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Zwahr, Hartmut, Donah Geyer et Marcel van der Linden. « Class Formation and the Labor Movement as the Subject of Dialectic Social History ». International Review of Social History 38, S1 (avril 1993) : 85–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859000112313.

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As an introduction to this essay, three points need to be made. First, the European labor movements of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, on which we focus here, were part of bourgeois society. Secondly, they were a factor that challenged bourgeois society and thus contributed in several different ways to its change. Thirdly, as a result of this interaction, the labor movements themselves underwent changes. All of those were lasting changes. The systemic changes, imposed by revolutionary or military force, that accompanied the experiment in socialism, were not. In countries where the labor movement pursued socialist aims prior to the First World War on the crumbling foundations of a primarily pre-bourgeois society, such as in eastern and south-eastern Europe, it was the most radical force behind political democratization and modernization (Russia; Russian Poland: the Kingdom of Poland, Bulgaria). But it could not compensate for the society's evident lack of basic civic development, whereas the socialist experiment in Soviet Russia led not only to the demise of democratization but also to a halt of embourgeoisement.
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Polynov, Matvey. « Implementation of Brezhnev’s and Gorbachev’s Doctrines towards Countries of Eastern Europe ». Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. History 67, no 3 (2022) : 772–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu02.2022.306.

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The article analyzes two concepts of the USSR’s policy towards its allies in Eastern Europe — “Brezhnev doctrine” and “Gorbachev doctrine”. Relying on declassified documents of the Politburo, the author shows that these “doctrines” were direct opposites, and their implementation led to different consequences. The justification of the right to intervene for the sake of saving socialism was substantiated in 1968, but the origin dates to the end of the Second World War. The USSR and other countries of the Warsaw Pact — Bulgaria, Hungary, Poland, the GDR — tried to find a compromise solution to overcome the situation in Czechoslovakia and avoided deploying troops, but the Czechoslovak leadership didn’t comply with the accepted joint agreements. Documents demonstrate that the main motive for the intervention was the desire to save socialism and Czechoslovakia as part of the Warsaw Pact. Thus, there was an attempt at prevention of redressing of balance of power in favor of NATO on the European
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Azmanova-Rudarska, Elena. « The Cult of Cyril and Methodius during Socialism. Ewelina Drzewiecka’s Research on Anniversaries and the Manipulations of Ideological Texts ». Balkanistic Forum 31, no 2 (30 mai 2022) : 310–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.22.

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This article is a review of the study entitled Юбилейно и модерно. Кирило-методиеският разказ през социализма в България [Jubilee and modern. The Cyril-lo-Methodian narrative during socialism in Bulgaria], authored by Ewelina Drzewiecka (София: БАН, Кирило-Методиевски научен център, Кирило-Методиевски студии, 29, pp. 232).
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Bucur, Maria. « Women and state socialism : failed promises and radical changes revisited ». Nationalities Papers 44, no 5 (septembre 2016) : 847–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1169263.

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Imagine all history written as if all people, even women, mattered. Until a couple of decades ago, that was at most an aspiration for those of us working on East European history. Since then, however, and especially with the fall of Communism, feminist scholars have made significant inroads toward achieving this goal. This review essay reflects on the contributions made by five such studies that focus on different aspects of women's lives under state socialism in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic (GDR), Poland, and Romania. In one way or another, each author asks similar questions about the relationship between the Communist ideological emphasis on gender equality as a core moral value, on the one hand, and the policies and actions of these regimes with regard to women, on the other hand. Moreover, all studies focus on how women themselves participated in articulating, reacting to, and in some cases successfully challenging these policies. In short, they present us with excellent examples of how pertinent gender analysis is for understanding the most essential aspects of the history of Communism in Eastern Europe: how this authoritarian regime transformed individual identity and social relations.
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Neuburger, Mary. « Kebabche, Caviar or Hot Dogs ? Consuming the Cold War at the Plovdiv Fair 1947–72 ». Journal of Contemporary History 47, no 1 (janvier 2012) : 48–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009411422368.

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For the duration of the Cold War, hundreds of thousands of people descended on Plovdiv, Bulgaria for at least two weeks out of every year as spectators and consumers. During these weeks the Plovdiv International Fair grounds were like a portal through which the Iron Curtain was permeated and East-West interaction and exchange took place. The fair offered an array of images and goods that broadcast messages of power and plenty from a variety of states, most notably Soviet but also American. Bulgarian socialism, however, was really the main thing on display, and for all its failings it didn’t fail to impress domestic and international visitors on and off the fair grounds. While much remains to be studied about how visitors experienced the various exhibits at the fair, the trials and achievements of the annual Plovdiv International Fair readily illustrate how central spectacles of plenty and consumption were to East-West engagement.
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Goncharova, Galina. « The Secret Life of Books and Generations : Generational Dynamics of Reading in Bulgaria under Post-Socialism ». Balkanistic Forum 31, no 2 (30 mai 2022) : 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/bf.swu.v31i2.20.

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The paper will examine the intra- and intergenerational dynamics of reading practices in сcontemporary Bulgaria. It is based on anthropological observations and analyses made by students in the cultural studies, who have asked to observe and discuss in exam papers the reading habits of parents and peers. Their own attitudes towards reading intersect, challenge or correspond with those of the respondents, outlining a highly fragmented field of “the love of books”, which gives visibility to a strong normative model, under which heterogeneous objects of analyitcal interest flourish – hidden desires, unusual uses of books, escapist routes, internalized ideologies, etc., All of these are seen as both sustained by and in themselves sustaining the special cultural and generational dynamics of post-socialism.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Socialism – Bulgaria – History"

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Slavova, Petya. « Les métamorphoses de la profession d'architecte en Bulgarie : réglementation, exercice et oroganisations professionnelles ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210761.

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Panayotova, Boriana. « L'image de "soi" et de l'"autre" : les Bulgares et leurs pays voisins dans les manuels bulgares d'histoire nationale (1878-1944) ». Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28531.

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DIMOU, Augusta. « Paths towards modernity :intellectuals and the contextualization of socialism in the Balkans ». Doctoral thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5788.

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Defence date: 15 September 2003
Examining board: Miroslav Hroch, Prague University ; Antonis Liakos, University of Athens ; Arfon Rees, European University Institute ; Bo Stråth, European University Institute (supervisor)
PDF of thesis uploaded from the Library digitised archive of EUI PhD theses completed between 2013 and 2017
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Scarboro, Cristofer A. « Living socialism : the Bulgarian socialist humanist experiment / ». 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3301223.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-02, Section: A, page: 0719. Adviser: Keith Hitchins. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 343-377) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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« Re-inventing Europe : Culture, style and post-socialist change in Bulgaria ». Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/62105.

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On the basis of extended field research in Sofia, Bulgaria, between 2004 and 2006, this project provides an ethnographic account of the predicament of art and culture producers after the end of socialism. The end of socialism deprived the Bulgarian intelligentsia from its economic security, prestige, and a sense of clear moral mission. Now young cutting-edge artists, writers, designers, theater directors and other culture producers seek a way out of this predicament and aspire to become moral leaders of the nation. Through ethnographic participant-observation at the lifestyle magazine Edno, a mouthpiece for this social segment, and through research radiating from the offices of the magazine to the fringes of contemporary Bulgarian art and culture, this project demonstrates that the new culture producers comprise a social segment in a state of flux, an elite in-the-making. While its future is uncertain---it could solidify in a new dominant faction of the intelligentsia, could disintegrate or could take the shape of a qualitatively new configuration---its present condition sheds light on post-socialist debates about artistic merit, the importance of national versus international recognition, and the changing value of cultural capital. The dissertation investigates how the young culture producers strategically code their artistic preferences and ways of life as "European," and demonstrates that they strategically capitalize on a historical local anxiety that Bulgaria is deficient and less modern than an imagined "Europe." The project is indebted to a Bourdieusian understanding of the relationship between taste and social class, and pays close attention to aesthetic preferences in two fields: lifestyle and creative work. At the same time, it departs from Bourdieu in recognizing that while well-suited to account for social reproduction, his model is less successful in explaining social production: the emergence of new social groups and the re-ordering of existing social relations in the context of rapid social change. The project addresses this problem through the prism of Foucauldian ethics. It suggests that the young culture producers have an at least partially correct understanding of their objective circumstances and consciously reflect on the mismatch between their expectations, and the reality of post-socialist Bulgaria.
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Petrov, Victor. « A Cyber-Socialism at Home and Abroad : Bulgarian Modernisation, Computers, and the World, 1967-1989 ». Thesis, 2017. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8057TGM.

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The history of the Cold War has rarely been looked at through the eyes of the smaller powers, especially ones in the Balkans. Works have also often ignored the actual workings of the international socialist market, and the possibilities it created for some of these small countries. The conventional wisdom has also prevailed that the Eastern Bloc was irreversably lagging technologically, and its societies had failed to enter the information age after the 1970s, one among a myriad of reasons for the failure of socialism. Using the prism of a commodity history of the Bulgarian computer and an ethnography of the professional class that built it and worked with it, this dissertation argues that such narratives obscure the role of small states and the importance of technology to the socialist project. The backward Bulgarian economy exploited the international socialist division of labour and COMECON’s mechanisms to set itself up as the “Silicon Valley” of the Eastern Bloc, garnering huge profits for the economy. To do so, it did not hue a politically maverick road but exploited its political orthodoxy and Soviet alliance to the full, securing huge markets. Importantly, this work also shows that the state facilitated massive transfers of knowledge and technology through both legal and illicit means, using its state security and economic organisations to look to the West. This made the Iron Curtain much more porous for a growing cadre of technical intellectuals who were trusted by the regime in order to create the golden exports of the country. This transfer and mobility helped create an internationally plugged-in and fluent class of engineers and managers, at odds with most of the rest of the economy. At the same time, the Global South became an important area of exchange where these specialists competed with both nascent protectionist regimes and international firms. Using India as a case study, this dissertation shows how Bulgarian met the First World on the grounds of the Third and learned to market, negotiate, advertise, and service customers – a skillset that was then applied to its socialist dealings. Finally, the dissertation examines the domestic impact of such policies. The regime wished to use cybernetics and computing to solve the problems of its lagging economic growth, as well as usher in communism. It introduced both the widespread discourse of technological revolutions to its population, and robots and automation to some of its factories. This created both anxieties and hopes among workers, as well as vibrant philosophical debates about the future roles of humans in the information society, among both technical and humanistic intellectuals. Ultimately, however, the economic inefficiency undermined the promise and this failure was utilised by some technical managers to call for reforms, playing a hand in the end of the regime. They managed to negotiate the transfer to capitalism better than most, utilising their financial and business links, while thousands of engineers also found a better life than the vast majority of Bulgarian workers, through emigration or their possession of cutting edge skills. Using Bulgarian, Russian, Indian archives as well as interviews with living actors, the dissertation thus intervenes in both the view of the Iron Curtain as an impenetrable barrier for ideas, and 1989 as a convenient end point for communism’s legacies. It shows both the creation of new professional classes and how they were plugged into global developments, arguing that some people in the socialist bloc did enter the information age, and it is by paying attention to their actions and interests that we can get a better understanding of the developments of late socialism and its end.
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Livres sur le sujet "Socialism – Bulgaria – History"

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Petkov, Valentin. The youth brigade movement in Bulgaria. Sofia : Sofia Press, 1986.

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The late socialist good life in Bulgaria : Meaning and living in a permanent present tense. Lanham : Lexington Books, 2011.

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Gospodinov, Georgi. Az zhivi︠a︡kh sot︠s︡ializma : 171 lichni istorii. 2e éd. Plovdiv : IK "Zhanet 45", 2006.

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Gospodinov, Georgi. Az zhivi︠a︡kh sot︠s︡ializma : 171 lichni istorii. Plovdiv : Zhanet 45, 2011.

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Ivanova, Dilyana. Memories of everyday life during socialism in the town of Rousse, Bulgaria. Sofiia : The American Research Center in Sofia, 2014.

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author, Georgiev Antonin 1963, Lozanov Georgi 1958 author, Gruev Mikhail author et Sokolov Ivan 1959 translator, dir. Pŭtevoditel za komunisticheska Bŭlgarii︠a︡ : A Guide to Communist Bulgaria. [Sofia, Bulgaria?] : Free Speech International Foundation, 2018.

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T͡Sanev, Kolʹo. Ptit͡si proletni : Kŭm istorii͡ata na remsovoto dvizhenie v Trevnensko. Sofii͡a : [s.n.], 1990.

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Vilar, Norberto. Rosas rojas del socialismo real : Cuatro históricas décadas en la edificación de una nueva sociedad en Bulgaria popular. Buenos Aires : Editorial Cartago, 1985.

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Martinov, Sergeĭ. V edinen mladezhki stroĭ : Istoricheski ocherk za sŭzdavaneto i razvitieto na edinnata mladezhka komunisticheska organizat͡s︡ii͡a︡ v Bŭlgarii͡a︡. Sofii͡a︡ : Nar. mladezh, 1987.

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Gavrilova, Elena. Rodeni v buri, ot burite po-silni. Sofia, Bulgaria : Izdatelska kŭshta "Khristo Botev", 1995.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Socialism – Bulgaria – History"

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Spassova-Dikova, Joanna. « Mandatory Socialist Models vs. Stylist Eclecticism on the Bulgarian Stage ». Dans Comparative History of Literatures in European Languages, 228. Amsterdam : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/chlel.xxii.57spa.

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Neuburger, Mary C. « Sour Milk ». Dans Ingredients of Change, 85–113. Cornell University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501762499.003.0004.

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This chapter cites the history of yogurt, which became a critical ingredient in the Bulgarian diet and bioimaginary under socialism in Bulgaria. It explores the properties of yogurt that allowed the ingredient to be used in varying sweet and savory dishes and diets. Ilya Mechnikov's theory on Bulgarian yogurt as a curative fix for intestinal ills triggered controversies and criticisms. However, science, technology, and shifts in animal stock were slowly but surely brought to bear on Bulgarian production and supply chains. The chapter looks into traditional and modern processes and consumption of yogurt in correlation to bacterial gut health and probiotics.
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Rieber, Alfred J. « Stalin ». Dans Storms over the Balkans during the Second World War, 108–27. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192858030.003.0004.

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Stalin’s major strategic interest in the Balkans was to secure a preponderant influence in Romania and Bulgaria in his negotiations with Germany leading to the Nazi–Soviet Pact and with Great Britain leading to the October 1944 spheres of influence deal. His territorial claims were limited to Bessarabia, a historic Russian claim necessary to gain control of the mouths of the Danube and secure the western shore of the Black Sea on the approaches to the Turkish Straits. Although he encouraged the resistance to the Axis occupation of the Balkans, he did not provide military assistance to the local communist dominated Partisan bands until late in the war when his armies crossed into the region. His ideological aims developed gradually, moving from the idea of national roads to socialism to the formation of popular democracies of coalition governments in which the communists would dominate.
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Zachar Podolinská, Tatiana. « Traces of the Mary in Post-Communist Europe ». Dans Traces of the Virgin Mary in Post-Communist Europe, 16–55. Institute of Ethnology and Social Anthropology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, VEDA, Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31577/2019.9788022417822.16-55.

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The Virgin Mary as such cannot be examined scientifically. We can, however, examine her ‘apparitions’ in the world, as well as the innumerable variants of Marian devotion and cult. This volume focuses on her manifestations in the post-Communist region with some geographical spillovers. It is either because post-Communist transformation concerned not only the former socialist countries, but also had an impact on the entire European region and was part of the overall post-modern and post-Communist reconfiguration of the European area. Another factor is that Marian worship is not controlled by political borders of present-day nation states. It has a wider transnational potential and impact. Nevertheless, we focused our viewfinder primarily on the post-Communist region, as we believe that thanks to its geographical and symbolic location and economic position in Europe, as well as its historical roots and traditions and common Communist history and heritage, it not only shows different traits of modernity compared to ‘Western Europe’, but we also face specific features and forms of worshipping of the Virgin Mary. We therefore decided to present in this volume the traces of the Virgin Mary by means of more in-depth analyses from selected countries of the post-socialist region. By means of this publication, we can observe how the Virgin Mary is manifested in the faces of seers and pilgrims and how audio-visual means are becoming a direct part of Marian apparitions in Germany in the modern era (H. Knoblauch and S. Petschke); how she speaks through the mouth of a blind Roma woman and pacifies the ethnic and religious tensions between various groups in Romania (L. Peti); how she attributes meaning to meaningless places on the map by reallocating her presence through the geo- graphical and time distribution of Marian dedications in Slovakia (J. Majo); how, after the fall of Communism, she revitalises the old places of her cult with new power, bringing together traditional and non-traditional forms of worship in the secular Czech Lands (M. Holubová); how her messages are spread on the websites of new non-traditional Marian movements and how their apocalyptical warnings are being updated and localised into the specific national environment in Czechia (V. Tutr); how she addresses the readers of Marian literature differently on the shelves of book- stores in Slovakia and Austria (R. Kečka); but also how the Virgin Mary absorbs ultra-modern millennial and spiritualistic concepts of Mother Earth and Mother of the Universe, becoming the speak- er of the great unified Hungarian nation (J. Kis-Halas); how she is becoming the re-discovered herald of Serbian national identity (A. Pavićević); how she absorbs the local forms of faith and folk Christianity in modern era and is thus the manifestation of grass- root Christianity and local religious culture in Bulgaria (V. Baeva and A. Georgieva); and how the path from a private to an officially recognised apparition depends not only on the Virgin Mary and the seer, but also on the overall constellation of the audience and the ability to offer a religious ready-made event (T. Zachar Podolinská and L. Peti). This publication observes the current diversity of the forms of Marian devotion in post-Communist countries through different national and geographically defined contours and, in particular, the ability of the Virgin Mary to satisfy the hunger for modern spirituality and authentic religiousness, give voice to unofficial and popular religions, revitalise and redefine old places of cult and add new ones, appease war conflicts, speak out on behalf of nations and marginalised ethnic groups, and guard national and conservative values. The post-modern and post-Communist Mary thus restores ruptured traditions with love and enchants the violently atheised European region with new miracles and apparitions, regardless of whether top Church and state representatives like it or not.
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