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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Social contract – Sociological aspects »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Social contract – Sociological aspects"

Smolnikov, Sergey N. « A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIAL JUSTICE AS THE RULE OF LAW ». Вестник Пермского университета. Философия. Психология. Социология, n^o 1 (2019) : 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2078-7898/2019-1-116-123.

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The article considers the place of social justice in modern law. Various aspects are noted: its relationship with the social state, legal state, civilizational particularities, historical features. The question of the significance of choice between the legality and legitimacy of power as a factor in the establishment of social justice is considered. The article raises the issue of the subject-object essence of social justice. It provides a comparison of two approaches to social justice in modern Russia — liberal and conservative, and notes the contradictory nature of both. Attention is drawn to the role of elites, the intelligentsia and the people in the embodiment of the liberal project. The author reveals the historical and civilizational prerequisites for the conservative project domination, its being in demand on the part of both the authorities and significant segments of the population, and its correspondence to the historical moment. The similarity of the conservative response to the challenges facing the society in the United States, Japan, Britain and Russia is substantiated. A sociological comparison of positions on the issues of law as social justice in the West and in Russia is given. There is an increasing divergence in understanding social justice both in the countries of the West (destruction of the social contract, welfare state) and between the West and the rest of the world. The theme of justice is increasingly playing a role in causing mutual claims rather than in stabilizing and maintaining international and civil peace. The paper considers attempts to create domestic models of a just society. Social justice is regarded as a projective concept and presupposes the existence of models of the expected and ideal future of society. The world trend towards change in the ideas of the subject of law and of the paradigm shift from liberalism to transhumanism is noted. It is argued that it is impossible to identify law with social justice.

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Muhazir. « Birokratisasi Pernikahan ». Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan 8, n^o 2 (30 décembre 2021) : 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v8i2.3594.

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Marriage outside the KUA becomes polemic in itself when the culture that is considered alms by the community is different from the state's point of view. The wedding procession is a value in itself for the community so that the wedding procession is sometimes accompanied by customs and traditions so that the sacredness in marriage is seen and can be felt. This paper is an empirical study with a sociological approach. This approach is carried out to see and analyze the legal, cultural and social aspects of the practice of marriage processions carried out by the people of Malang City. This paper argues that the majority of residents prefer to hold a marriage contract outside the KUA. This is influenced by several factors, first; the sacred factor; Second, the ease of implementation factor; third, elements of customs and culture; fourth, avoiding bad prejudice from the community, so that many residents prefer to carry out the marriage contract outside the KUA rather than at the KUA.

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Marron, Donncha. « Smoke gets in your eyes : what is sociological about cigarettes ? » Sociological Review 65, n^o 4 (25 janvier 2017) : 882–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.12404.

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Contemporary public health approaches increasingly draw attention to the unequal social distribution of cigarette smoking. In contrast, critical accounts emphasize the importance of smokers’ situated agency, the relevance of embodiment and how public health measures against smoking potentially play upon and exacerbate social divisions and inequality. Nevertheless, if the social context of cigarettes is worthy of such attention, and sociology lays a distinct claim to understanding the social, we need to articulate a distinct, positive and systematic claim for smoking as an object of sociological enquiry. This article attempts to address this by situating smoking across three main dimensions of sociological thinking: history and social change; individual agency and experience; and social structures and power. It locates the emergence and development of cigarettes in everyday life within the project of modernity of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It goes on to assess the habituated, temporal and experiential aspects of individual smoking practices in everyday lifeworlds. Finally, it argues that smoking, while distributed in important ways by social class, also works relationally to render and inscribe it.

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Spengler, Fabiana Marion. « O PLURIVERSO CONFLITIVO E SEUS REFLEXOS NA FORMAÇÃO CONSENSUADA DO ESTADOTHE CONFLICTIVE PLURIVERSE AND ITS REFLECTIONS ON THE AGREED STATE TRAINING ». Revista Direitos Fundamentais & ; Democracia 22, n^o 2 (31 août 2017) : 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.25192/issn.1982-0496.rdfd.v22i2835.

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O presente texto tem o conflito como tema central, questionando: o conflito, em seus mais variados aspectos, foi/é fator definidor da criação do contrato social e na formação legítima e consensuada do Estado? A hipótese confirma a importância do conflito - em seus mais variados aspectos e a partir de suas características definidoras -, na formação do Estado, recordando que as situações conflitiva trouxeram a necessidade da criação do contrato social e da estrutura estatal (legítima e consensuada) que chamou para si o monopólio da violência como meio de controlar o caos e de gerar a pacificação da sociedade. Ao final as conclusões confirmam a hipótese. Assim, o texto objetivou discutir: a) os aspectos políticos e sociológicos do conflito apontando sua conceituação bem como sua importância na evolução social até a formação do Estado; b) o consenso social gerador da legitimidade estatal na ordenação do caos social. Para fins de cumprir tais objetivos o método de abordagem utilizado foi o dedutivo. Como método de procedimento foi utilizado o método monográfico.Palavras-chave: conflito. Estado. Consenso. Legitimidade.The following text has as its central theme the conflict, questioning: the conflict in its various aspects was / is a defining factor in the creation of the social contract and the legitimate and consensual formation of the state? The hypothesis confirms the importance of the conflict - in its various aspects and from their defining characteristics - in state formation, recalling that the conflictive situations brought the need to create the association and the state structure (legitimate and consensual) that he drew upon himself the monopoly of violence as a means of controlling the chaos and generating the pacification of society. At the end, the findings confirm the hypothesis. Thus, the text aimed to discuss: a) political and sociological aspects of the conflict pointing its concept and its importance in social evolution to the formation of the state; b) the generator social consensus of state legitimacy in the ordering of social chaos. For fulfilling these goals, the method of approach used was deductive. As a procedure method, we used the monographic method.Key-words: conflict. State. Consensus. Legitimacy.

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Joyce, Kelly, Laurel Smith-Doerr, Sharla Alegria, Susan Bell, Taylor Cruz, Steve G. Hoffman, Safiya Umoja Noble et Benjamin Shestakofsky. « Toward a Sociology of Artificial Intelligence : A Call for Research on Inequalities and Structural Change ». Socius : Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 7 (janvier 2021) : 237802312199958. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023121999581.

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This article outlines a research agenda for a sociology of artificial intelligence (AI). The authors review two areas in which sociological theories and methods have made significant contributions to the study of inequalities and AI: (1) the politics of algorithms, data, and code and (2) the social shaping of AI in practice. The authors contrast sociological approaches that emphasize intersectional inequalities and social structure with other disciplines’ approaches to the social dimensions of AI, which often have a thin understanding of the social and emphasize individual-level interventions. This scoping article invites sociologists to use the discipline’s theoretical and methodological tools to analyze when and how inequalities are made more durable by AI systems. Sociologists have an ability to identify how inequalities are embedded in all aspects of society and to point toward avenues for structural social change. Therefore, sociologists should play a leading role in the imagining and shaping of AI futures.

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Nikolaevich Bobkov, Vyacheslav, Yuri Gennadievich Odegov et Valentina Vasilievna Pavlova. « Precarious Employment in Present-Day Russia : Relevant Worker Profiles ». International Journal of Engineering & ; Technology 7, n^o 4.38 (3 décembre 2018) : 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24325.

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This paper provides a characterization of the essence of precarious employment. The author describes some of the key stages in the transformation of the employment sector. The paper shares the findings from a sociological study into precarious employment in a representative group. The author has explored some of the key parameters for the group and has fine-tuned a set of indicators of precarious employment and their quantitative values which identify particular aspects of precarious employment (Note 1), namely with a focus on: assessments of the level of being protected by the employment contract (employee evaluations of the terms and conditions of the employment contract and assessments of the extent to which the employer abides by them; assessments of the likelihood of being laid off; assessments of one’s willingness to look for another job and the reasons behind it); assessments of the accessibility of mechanisms of social protection for employees; self-assessments of material well-being; work conditions (e.g., length of the work week, half-time work, and availability and duration of work in an additional place); etc. The author has identified a total of 5 profiles for present-day employment in Russia, which are characterized by an increase in signs of precarious employment, and provides a comparative characterization thereof.

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Kraevsky, A. A. « Pitirim Sorokin’s sociology and German jurisprudence ». RUDN Journal of Sociology 22, n^o 4 (30 décembre 2022) : 749–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2272-2022-22-4-749-763.

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The article considers the connection between the social-legal theory of P.A. Sorokin and the main directions of the German jurisprudence in the 17th - early 20th century: natural-legal school, historical school, jurisprudence of interests and the theory of the revived natural law. The genesis of Sorokin’s sociological ideas is usually considered in the context of the general development of sociology in the second half of the 19th century - early 20th century. At the beginning of the 20th century, when Sorokin was turning into an independent scholar, sociological issues were discussed in the teaching of other disciplines, in particular legal ones, which Sorokin studied at the Faculty of Law of the Saint Petersburg University. Sorokin’s study of legal sciences, especially of criminal and state law, affected his further research. The author argues that some important aspects of Sorokin’s sociology of law are closely connected with the main directions of the legal thought of his time, in particular with the works of German jurists and philosophers of law. The ideas of all four directions of German jurisprudence are reflected in Sorokin’s works, primarily in the theory of organized groups as a basis of his sociology of law. The classic school of natural law is represented by the social contract theory and corresponds to the purposeful organization of groups. The concept of the organic development of law by the leader of the historical school F.C. von Savigny is reflected in the spontaneous organization of groups. The jurisprudence of interests with R. von Jhering’s idea of the struggle for law anticipated the idea of purposeful formation of law in a social conflict. R. Stammler’s concept of the revived natural law contains a general idea of the organizing role of law. The elements of the first three theories are used by Sorokin in his theory of the origin of organized groups, while Stammler’s idea is close to the general understanding of the social function of law by Sorokin and one of his teachers L.I. Petrażycki.

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Evetts, Julia. « Sociological Analysis of Professionalism : Past, Present and Future ». Comparative Sociology 10, n^o 1 (2011) : 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913310x522633.

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AbstractFor a long time, sociological analysis of professional work has differentiated professionalism as a special means of organizing work and controlling workers and in contrast to the hierarchical, bureaucratic and managerial controls of industrial and commercial organizations. But professional work is changing and being changed as increasingly professionals (such as doctors, nurses, teachers, social workers) now work in employing organizations; lawyers and accountants in large professional service firms (PSFs) and sometimes in international and commercial organizations; pharmacists in national (retailing) companies; and engineers, journalists, performing artists, the armed forces and police find occupational control of their work and discretionary decision-making increasingly difficult to sustain. This paper begins with a section on defining the field and clarifying concepts. This is followed by a second section on the concept of professionalism, its history and current developments. The third section discusses convergences between Anglo-American and Continental European systems of professions and the general, wider applicability of particular explanatory theories and analytical concepts in the field. Section four examines internationalizing processes affecting professions. Markets for professional services are increasingly international and professional regulation is now a matter for international professional federations as well as national and regional states. The final section provides summary and considers consequences for aspects of professionalism as an occupational value in the global world.

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FINE, MICHAEL, et CAROLINE GLENDINNING. « Dependence, independence or inter-dependence ? Revisiting the concepts of ‘care’ and ‘dependency’ ». Ageing and Society 25, n^o 4 (30 juin 2005) : 601–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x05003600.

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Research and theory on ‘dependency’ and ‘care-giving’ have to date proceeded along largely separate lines, with little sense that they are exploring and explaining different aspects of the same phenomenon. Research on ‘care’, initially linked to feminism during the early 1980s, has revealed and exposed to public gaze what was hitherto assumed to be a ‘natural’ female activity. Conversely, disability activists and writers who have promoted a social model of disability have seen the language of and the policy focus upon ‘care’ as oppressive and objectifying. ‘Dependency’ is an equally contested concept: sociologists have scrutinised the social construction of dependency; politicians have ascribed negative connotations of passivity; while medical and social policy discourse employs the term in a positivist sense as a measure of physical need for professional intervention. Autonomy and independence, in contrast, are promoted as universal and largely unproblematic goals. These contrasting perspectives have led social theory, research and policies to separate and segregate the worlds of ‘carers’ from those for whom they ‘care’. Drawing on the work of Kittay and others, this paper explores the ways in which sociological perspectives can develop new understanding of the social contexts of ‘care’ and ‘dependence’.

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Prepotenska, Maryna, Liudmyla Ovsiankina, Tetiana Smyrnova, Olha Rasskazova, Lidiia Cherednyk et Maksym Doichyk. « Tolerance as a Communicative and Socio-Cultural Strategy of Social Agreements ». Postmodern Openings 13, n^o 1 (31 janvier 2022) : 291–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/po/13.1/397.

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The problem of tolerance is analyzed against the background of the acute challenges of today and transformation of humanities from antiquity to postmodernism. Tolerance-related definitions arose in philosophy are examined retrospectively: patience, tolerance, respect, trust, harmony in diversity. The methodological significance of the integrative interdisciplinary prism in consideration of the phenomenon of tolerance is shown. Three leading sociocultural and communicative strategies of tolerance in social agreements have been identified: tolerant internal dialogue (agreement with oneself), tolerant communication with the world (worldview tolerance), tolerant interpersonal communication (important social agreements). The limits of tolerance are outlined, beyond which it becomes quasi-tolerance, because behind the simulacrum of tolerance hides indifference, conformism of communicators, or sprouts of intolerance, aggression, mobbing. With the help of sociological and synergetic theories the idea of balance of tolerance in psychological, mental and spiritual, physical aspects of human existence is defended. Autotolerance is due to human self-knowledge, sound self-esteem, developed mental and emotional quotient (EQ), and under such conditions it strategically determines a tolerant dialogue with the world, a constructive worldview. In turn, it needs critical thinking and an ecological attitude to information, especially in the context of media manipulation and phubbing. The simulacrum of modern pop literature on positive thinking is outlined, in contrast to which the life-creating potential of practical philosophy is revealed, which contributes to creation of socio-cultural and communicative communities.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Social contract – Sociological aspects"

劉輝儉 et Fai-kim Lau. « Sociological, psychological aspects of internet swearwords ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256338.

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Huthnance, Neil Peter School of Sociology UNSW. « Creativity in the bioglobal age : sociological prospects from seriality to contingency ». Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Sociology, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25954.

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This thesis is the first dedicated sociological attempt to offer a critical response to cultural studies and allied discourses that concern themselves with the relationship between technology and violence. A critical reconstruction is necessary because these cultural theorists have failed to adequately contextualize their arguments in relation to both the globally ascendant neoliberal policy outlook and its associated social Darwinian technoculture: the combined pernicious effects of which could be described as the logic of ???social constructionism as social psychosis???. The most prominent manifestation of this theoretical psychosis has to do with an interest in biotechnology in particular. The problem I identify in the treatment of this theme is how easily it can be used to support a technologically determinist position. One undesirable side effect is that these determinists are able to project from present trends a dystopian exhaustion of all critique through their focus on violence. In the thesis of ???bioglobalism??? this state of affairs is also deployed to take sociologists to task for insufficient recognition of processual ???network??? forms of distributed agency in technological processes. At stake therefore is the recovery of sociological critique. It follows that the core of my thesis is the radical reworking of two related heuristic devices: seriality and contingency. Seriality is taken to refer to social practices as diverse as the possible relationships between the social problem of rationality, case studies of individuals who have run amok, and the functioning of network characteristics. I use contingency to eschew seriality???s deterministic accounting of the social. Here I propose a new conceptual relationship between creativity and action. Emphasis is accordingly placed upon two related normative projects: Raymond Williams???s cultural materialism, and three of the ???problematiques??? Peter Wagner has identified as inescapable for theorizing modernity: the continuity of the acting person, the certainty of knowledge, and the viability of the political order. I conclude with a renewed conception of the role of normative critique as a form of conceptual therapy for bioglobal projections of seriality.

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Keyne, Lori Valerie. « Choral seating arrangements and their effects on musical and social elements ». Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185836.

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Choral experts have promoted either sectional block or mixed seating formations in choirs for various reasons. Previous research by Lambson indicates that there is no clear advantage to choral sound in either mixed or sectional formations, and, according to Tocheff, mixed formation has no advantage over sectional block formation. This research attempted to relate choral seating arrangements to individual musical growth and sociological dynamics. One hypothesis suggested that a mixed formation promotes individual musical growth in ear-training/sight-singing, vocal freedom, perceived scope of a choral work and also promotes group cohesion. The second and third hypotheses considered the correlation between the percentage of time spent in mixed formation and individual and group trust. Only two relationships were statistically significant: between mixed formation and perceived scope of a choral work, and between the percentage of time spent in mixed formation and group trust. An ancillary finding suggests that individuals who sing in mixed formation, prefer to sing with individuals from different voice parts. These findings suggest that individual musical growth and individual responsibility are enhanced in mixed formation.

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Chiu, Stephen Wing-kai, et 趙永佳. « Strikes in Hong Kong : a sociological study ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31208150.

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Slopek, Edward Renouf. « Social emotion and communication : disciplinary, theoretical and etymological approaches to the postmodern everyday ». Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39874.

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Surprisingly enough, while it is generally acknowledged that emotion plays a vital part in the negotiation of every day life, there has been until recently a scarcity of communications scholarship directly concerned with its study. To date, those examining this variable have largely relied for the theoretical and methodological support on models imported from psychology. While their studies have arguably had a positive impact on our understanding of some aspects of emotion, this dissertation contends that an over-dependence on psychological theories and methods has resulted in a blinkered approach to its study. In general, the focus of research and scholarship has been on either display and recognition of facial expression, physiological response to environmental stimuli, subjective verbal labeling, and behavioral manifestation. On closer inspection, a positivist discourse which considers emotion in methodologically individualistic and empirically behavioral terms has informed much of this work. Building on behaviorism, intentionalist analytical philosophy, and phenomenology, emotion research in Communication Studies has tended to neglect the social. More sophisticated approaches to grasping this latter variable, found in Sociology and Anthropology, consequently have had little impact, leading communications scholars to consistently define emotion in terms of individual motivations, drives, desires, wants, and dispositions rather than as a process located in a social world.
In light of this, this dissertation strove not only to assemble a history and provide a critique of emotion study in psychology, but to relate it to advances being made in Sociology and Anthropology, especially those pertaining to communication and postmodernity. Alongside this, it endeavored to: (1) furnish a theory and methodology for explaining those relationships; (2) illuminate a way in which emotion can be reconceived as a formative and independent social variable integral to the reproduction of postmodernity; and (3) analyze the practices and discourses that have contributed to the historically changing, oftentimes, inconsistent and disputed, study of emotion. After the principle issues were introduced in the opening Chapter, the second Chapter outlined the relationships between emotion, the everyday, media, and postmodernity, with the everyday representing a key theoretical construct necessary for understanding our time. This Chapter closed with an exploration of so-called postmodern emotion. Using several theoretical frameworks, Chapter 3 tracked historical, discursive, and disciplinary interests in emotion and Chapter 4 relations between theories of emotions through pre-modern (5thC B.C.-1890), modern (1890-1960), and postmodern (1960-) periods. Next, Chapter 5 charted the etymologies of the primary emotion terms, while Chapter 6 explored approaches to the study of emotion in Communication Studies, or Communicology. After an initial analysis of 'bibliometric' data, the three primary traditional approaches were then systematically identified and examined. A fourth postmodern approach, the constructionist, was presented and assessed in the last Chapter. There it was argued that, from this perspective, communication constitutes reality and not merely provides a conduit for preformed intentional and emotional states. There, the concept of social emotion was advanced, the idea of emotion as socio-culture performance developed, and a rules based theoretical f

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Yu, Siu-hung, et 余小紅. « The teaching of English : a sociological perspective ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31958400.

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Sepinwall, Amy J. « Determining parental obligations to unborn children using a social contract theory ». Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30114.

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I use a brand of social contract theory derived from David Gauthier to delimit precisely what might be permissible in the methods of conception and gestation of a child. More specifically, Gauthier posits a rule that is supposed to govern behavior among individuals prior to but in anticipation of the rise of social interaction. I argue that this rule can be appropriately applied to the interactions between a parent and her unborn child. I review other social contract models in an effort to show that Gauthier's is preferable to these. I also address other accounts concerned with parental obligations to the unborn, to see how these fare against Gauthier's. I conclude that, because of its breadth of applicability, as well as its plausibility, Gauthier's model is a powerful force for guiding us through these issues.

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Lam, Yeuk-hon John, et 林約翰. « Development of shopping centre in Hong Kong : a sociological study ». Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31967905.

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Kholer, Barbara Allen. « The psychological, sociological, and cultural aspects of professional wrestling as soap opera ». [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/857.

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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0112104-105600. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.

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Gasiorek, Barbara M. « The role of friendship quality in mediating social comparison between friends / ». Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74322.

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Research in social comparison conducted with male subjects, strangers, and acquaintances has shown that unfavourable comparisons between highly similar individuals result in a negative self-evaluation, dissatisfaction, and decreased liking for the comparison other. Two studies were conducted on comparisons between 16-18 year-old female friends who perceived each other as high or middle in similarity in order to test the generality of these findings for close friends. Subjects were given false feedback on a test of maturity and told that they were at level 4 out of 8 while their friend was at level 6. The first study indicated that social comparisons between highly similar, close friends resulted in less satisfaction, but in a more positive self-evaluation and no change in liking for the partner. A strong correlation was also found to exist between similarity and quality of friendship. It was hypothesised that this may account for the differences in comparisons between friends and strangers. The second study looked at high and low quality of friendship in addition to similarity and allowed subjects to interact with their partners. It was found that High-quality friends evaluated themselves more positively after the comparison and experienced an increase in satisfaction and liking for their partner who was found to be very supportive. The opposite was found for Low-quality friendships. This research establishes the nature of the relationship as a critical variable in social comparison research.

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Livres sur le sujet "Social contract – Sociological aspects"

Lindley, Lester G. Contract, economic change, and the search for order in industrializing America. New York : Garland Pub., 1993.

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Přibáň, Jiří. Disidenti práva : O revolucích roku 1989, fikcích legality a soudobé verzi společenské smlouvy. Praha : Sociologické nakladatelství, 2001.

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Wilhelmsson, Thomas. Critical studies in private law : A treatise on need-rational principles in modern law. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1992.

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Paugham, Serge. A new social contract ? : Poverty and social exclusion : a sociological view. San Domenico : European University Institute, 1996.

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Alek-Kowalski, Tadeusz. Sociological studies. Wrocław : Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 1993.

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Working : Sociological perspectives. Englewood Cliffs, N.J : Prentice-Hall, 1987.

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Rothman, Robert A. Working : Sociological perspectives. 2^e éd. Upper Saddle River, N.J : Prentice Hall, 1998.

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Gracia, Jaime Fernando Cárdenas. El contractualismo y su proyección jurídico-política. Querétaro, Qro : Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, 1991.

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Wilkinson, Iain. Suffering : A sociological introduction. Cambridge, UK : Polity, 2005.

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Rastogi, Tara Charan. Assam Vaisnavaism : Sociological perspectives. New Delhi : Omsons Publications, 1994.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Social contract – Sociological aspects"

Bandelli, Daniela. « An Introduction to the Problems of Surrogacy and the Demands from Civil Society ». Dans Sociological Debates on Gestational Surrogacy, 1–7. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80302-5_1.

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AbstractThe images of 40 babies crammed into the Venice Hotel in Kiev, waiting to be picked up by their parents who are stuck in their countries due to the March/April 2020 lockdown, revealed to world public opinion the fallibility of the transnational system of surrogacy. By prolonging the time between leaving the surrogate’s body and delivery to the parents, the lockdown revealed in slow motion the unavoidable aspect of any surrogacy: the passage of a baby from one contractor to another. The Kiev case is used to introduce some of the most discussed controversies that revolve around the diffusion of transnational surrogacy, the limitation of national-based policy making, opposing demands coming from different social movements and challenges that surrogacy poses to society.

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Bandelli, Daniela. « Sociological Perspectives Across Individual Experiences, Social Structures, and Representations ». Dans Sociological Debates on Gestational Surrogacy, 39–65. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80302-5_4.

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AbstractThis chapter is a literature review which aims to highlight the most critical aspects discussed in the surrogacy scholarship, whose interdisciplinarity represents a major value for the advancement of the sociological understanding of the phenomenon. The literature review is organized into three levels. The first is that of individual experience, which includes some of the main ethnographies that have tried to explain the motivations that push people, aspiring parents but above all the surrogates, to undertake this procreative path. At the second level, that of the social structure, there are three recurring themes: inequality—explained through the concept of stratified reproduction—which permeates the relationships between the parties and upon which the surrogacy market proliferates; the transformation of procreation into a productive process in which life is commodified and the woman reduced to her womb; the transformation of kinship from a natural fact to a cultural product, which is defined by one’s own intentions, and the parallel fragmentation of motherhood into several figures. At the third level, that of representation, there are the studies that discuss how surrogacy is told by the media, and the studies that provide a systematization of the different feminist perspectives on the subject.

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Huntjens, Patrick. « Transition to a Sustainable and Healthy Agri-Food System ». Dans Towards a Natural Social Contract, 139–57. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67130-3_6.

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AbstractThis chapter highlights various challenges and developments related to our current global food production and consumption systems, followed by a number of research and innovation activities that actively support a transition to a sustainable, healthy, and just agri-food system. The first section identifies several important trends that may either limit, support, or influence such a transition (Sect. 6.1). Following this, I will provide an overview of several research and innovation activities that our research group is currently involved in, such as the Dutch national research programme (NWA) ‘Transition to a Sustainable Food System’ (Sect. 6.2), nature-inclusive and regenerative agriculture (Sect. 6.3), closing the gaps between citizens, farmers, and nature (Sect. 6.4), measuring sustainability and health aspects of our food supply chains (Sect. 6.5), and the South Holland Food Family, an open innovation and food transition network (Sect. 6.6). This last section also provides an example of TSEI-framework application to analyze institutional change during initiation, development, and implementation of the South Holland Food Family innovation network (Sect. 6.6).

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Hagedorn, Anselm C. « Chapter Twenty-eight. Institutions and Social Life in Ancient Israel : Sociological Aspects ». Dans Hebrew Bible / Old Testament. III : From Modernism to Post-Modernism. Part II : The Twentieth Century - From Modernism to Post-Modernism, 58–95. Göttingen : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666540226.58.

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von der Lippe, Holger, et Olaf Reis. « Social Networks and Health Inequalities in Young and Middle Adulthood ». Dans Social Networks and Health Inequalities, 153–79. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97722-1_9.

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AbstractIn this chapter we deal with the health and inequality aspects of networks from a psychological and sociological life span perspective. In doing so, we pay attention to the mutual interactions between health, social inequality, and networks in the context of biographical transitions that decisively shape the life course of adults. We focus exclusively on young and middle adulthood—here roughly defined as the age span between 20 and 60 years. We introduce the disciplinary perspectives and paradigms that deal with the topic of networks and health inequalities in different phases of life. We present theories that describe interactions between these concepts, and we summarize the state of research on the relationships between social and health inequalities, networks and health, and inequalities, networks, and health. We conclude with a summary and some desiderata for future research.

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del Val Talen, Paula. « Social Enterprises and Benefit Corporations in Spain ». Dans The International Handbook of Social Enterprise Law, 803–30. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14216-1_39.

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AbstractThis chapter provides an overview of the legal framework for social enterprises in Spain and portrays the benefit-corporation phenomenon from the perspective of the Spanish law. The former is presided over by Ley 5/2011, de 29 de marzo, de Economía Social (LES), the main conceptual and policy aspects of which are discussed in this chapter. On the latter, since benefit corporations are not regulated in Spain, the contribution draws up their identifying elements from both a comparative methodology and a failed proposal for a general interest private limited liability company (S.L.I.G.). We consider benefit corporations and their applicable regime within the everlasting debate on the role of profit—both objective and subjective—as part of the cause of the company contract. Against this background, this chapter provides three theoretical models for benefit corporations under the Spanish company law and assesses how they may be adapted into the articles of association. We then examine how core finance and governance aspects may be touched, namely, the distribution of profits, directors’ duties, and shareholder protection mechanisms. The chapter supports the view that benefit corporations may be lawfully formed de lege lata under the Spanish companies and social enterprise law, although significant regulatory amendments are advisable to smoothen the process.

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Muñiz, Leticia, et Joan Miquel Verd. « Theoretical-Methodological Elements for Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities in Life Courses ». Dans Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 295–329. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_10.

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AbstractSocial inequalities are one of the structural problem areas of Western capitalist societies, and are of particular relevance both in Europe and in Latin America. Sociological studies on the issue account for the complexity of the phenomenon by presenting their constitution and consolidation based on the analysis of institutional and subjective aspects, which include the particularities, on the one hand, of the socio-economic systems of countries and regions; and, on the other hand, the representations, dispositions and actions deployed by individuals in order to deal with and live in an unequal world.This chapter forms part of these discussions on social inequalities by developing a theoretical-methodological analysis that helps to generate critical views of the phenomenon in a context in which there is a need to design public policies that will foster equality. In particular, social inequalities are studied from the perspective of life courses, which involves multidimensional analyses over time; and a theoretical-methodological model that deepens our current knowledge of the Comparative Biographical Perspective is developed. In order to show how this approach can be used empirically, we then present an analysis of the career paths of workers with different levels of education in Argentina and Spain.

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Volkov, Yury G. « New Social Elevators in the Regional Space ». Dans Russia in Reform : Year-Book [collection of scientific articles], 131–59. Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/ezheg.2020.6.

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The problem of new social elevators in Russian society has entered the public space and has become abdiscussion space not only for the expert community, but also for practical managers. It is obvious that the social class and socio-territorial (spatial) barriers to upward social mobility generate abmultiplicative effect of social stagnation. According to the author of the article, new social elevators in the regional space are mechanisms of upward social mobility of subjects of the regional space (volunteer movements, social networks, subcultural practices), focused on changes in social status positions according to the criteria of social utility, social creativity, and social self-determination. Applying the principles of the resource approach (volume of capital, diversity capital, resource potential regional space, resursoemkost regional elite and non-elite actors of the regional space) on the basis of the results of all-Russian and regional sociological researches devoted to different aspects of the problem, it is concluded that the formation of abnew social mobility is the result of ab“social contract” with regional elites focus on social “capitalization” and the regional space, forming new social elevators within the framework of converting social and cultural-symbolic capital not for inclusion in regional elites, but for acquiring abresource of influence on making vital decisions for regional development.

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Demeulenaere, Pierre. « Conformity : Sociological Aspects ». Dans International Encyclopedia of the Social & ; Behavioral Sciences, 644–48. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.32027-x.

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Diekmann, Andreas, et Siegwart Lindenberg. « Cooperation : Sociological Aspects ». Dans International Encyclopedia of the Social & ; Behavioral Sciences, 862–66. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.32031-1.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Social contract – Sociological aspects"

Polonsky, Dusan. « QUALITY OF LIFE � SOCIAL (SOCIOLOGICAL) ASPECTS ». Dans 2nd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2015/b11/s2.097.

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Gunbina, Svetlana. « SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DIGITALIZATION ». Dans MODERN CITY : POWER, GOVERNMENT, ECONOMY. Digital Transformation State and Municipal Administration. Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/65.049-66/2021.23.

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The article analyzes the problems of the impact of digitalization on social relationship. Using a sociological approach, the impact of digitalization on social relations is analyzed. The problems associated with the reduction of human involvement in the system of social relations are identified and the directions of over-coming the negative consequences of digitalization are identified.

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Karnat, Anna. « MEDICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF TRANSSEXUALISM IN POLAND ». Dans 4th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS Proceedings. STEF92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/33/s12.053.

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Jashari, Hasan. « SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE LAW AND ITS ACTION ». Dans 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/3.3/s12.101.

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Elyutina, Marina E., et Svetlana V. Sitnikova. « Sociological and Research Optics of Reading : Theoretical and Practical Aspects ». Dans Culture and Education : Social Transformations and Multicultural Communication. RUDN University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/09669-2019-274-282.

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Olinder, Nina, et Aleksej Tsvetkov. « Leading Forensic and Sociological Aspects in Investigating Computer Crimes ». Dans 6th International Conference on Social, economic, and academic leadership (ICSEAL-6-2019). Paris, France : Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200526.037.

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Sasajkovski, Slavejko. « COVID-19 PANDEMIC : SOME MEDICAL-SOCIOLOGICAL, SOCIAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS ». Dans "Social Changes in the Global World". Универзитет „Гоце Делчев“ - Штип, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46763/scgw212473s.

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Karnat, Anna, et Zbigniew Liber. « PROBLEMS OF PERSONS WITH INBORN GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER SYNDROME – SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS ». Dans NORDSCI International Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2019/b1/v2/30.

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The paper focuses on some problems (medical, social, legal) faced by persons with Inborn Gender Identity Disorder Syndrome (IGIDS). The so-called “transsexualism” is a huge problem for persons who “hit the wall” in fulfiling social roles consistent with the perceived gender. It has to be underlined that the social functioning of these persons is extremely difficult, because disapproval of the phenotype/somatic sex hinders their self-fulfilment. The article is based, partly, on the analysis of data from 600 cases of persons with IGIDS who are the patients of one of the co-writer and on the literature of the subject. The main objective of the paper is to point at an important social problem, which is far from achieving an optimum solution. Raising public awareness of the problem is the main motivation of the authors of the paper.

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Zaitseva, Ekaterina. « ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF SCREENING FOR HEREDITARY DISEASES AS A SPECIAL TYPE OF MEDICAL SERVICE : A SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ». Dans 6th SWS International Scientific Conference on Social Sciences ISCSS 2019. STEF92 Technology, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sws.iscss.2019.3/s12.064.

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Turitsyn, Dmitry. « To The Question On Theoretical Aspects Of Contract Law : Features, Sources, Principles ». Dans International Scientific Conference «Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism» dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Turkayev Hassan Vakhitovich. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.10.05.148.

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