Articles de revues : « Social conflict – Economic aspects »

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Ren, Sifei. « Conflict Economics and Feminism : Does Conflict Promote the Advancement of Women？ ». SHS Web of Conferences 157 (2023) : 03002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315703002.

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Women play an important role in economic and social activities, and there is more controversy in assessing the impact of war and conflict on them. Some argue that conflicts primarily affect men and that women should not be taken into account because men dominate the outcome of conflicts and wars, while most women are far from the battlefield. However, this view ignores the fact that women and girls are the two main victims of conflict and that they should have the same rights as men and that gender should not be used to define or limit a person’s behavior. In this study, we will define whether war and conflict have contributed to women’s advancement in employment and education. The impact of war and conflict on women covers all aspects of feminism. In this paper, we will analyze the impact of conflict on three main aspects: female health, education, and employment.

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Goncharov, V. N., V. A. Glazkov et A. V. Bondarchuk. « Unrecognized states : legal and economic aspects ». Journal of Law and Administration 16, n^o 4 (1 janvier 2021) : 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-4-57-25-31.

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Introduction. The transformational processes that are taking place in the world lead to the creation of new relationships and institutions. The problem is the creation of an unrecognized or partially recognized States is happening everywhere and is still relevant for many centuries. Their emergence is caused by political, economic, ethnic, cross-cultural and other problems, ignoring which can lead to social explosions and military conflicts. Currently, no territory is immune from the possibility of external incitement of conflicts, which has become possible in the context of digitalization of society.Materials and methods. In the course of the research, a set of approaches and methods that are used in the framework of legal science was applied – General, General scientific, special methods of cognition: dialectical, logical,formal legal. The specificity of the research subject led to the use of a comparative approach.Results. The authors compare socio-economic indicators of the Republic of Abkhazia, the Republic of South Ossetia, the people’s Republic of Karabakh, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, the Luhansk people’s Republic and the Donetsk people’s Republic. Special attention is paid to comparing the size of territories and the population of unrecognized States before and after the conflict. Analytical information is provided on the formation of the budget of unrecognized republics and the number of people who have adopted the citizenship of the Russian Federation.Discussion and conclusion. The authors conclude that unrecognized States have all the opportunities not only to preserve, but also to increase their economic potential.

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Goncharov, V. N., V. A. Glazkov et A. V. Bondarchuk. « Unrecognized states : legal and economic aspects ». Journal of Law and Administration 16, n^o 4 (1 janvier 2021) : 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2073-8420-2020-4-57-25-31.

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Introduction. The transformational processes that are taking place in the world lead to the creation of new relationships and institutions. The problem is the creation of an unrecognized or partially recognized States is happening everywhere and is still relevant for many centuries. Their emergence is caused by political, economic, ethnic, cross-cultural and other problems, ignoring which can lead to social explosions and military conflicts. Currently, no territory is immune from the possibility of external incitement of conflicts, which has become possible in the context of digitalization of society.Materials and methods. In the course of the research, a set of approaches and methods that are used in the framework of legal science was applied – General, General scientific, special methods of cognition: dialectical, logical,formal legal. The specificity of the research subject led to the use of a comparative approach.Results. The authors compare socio-economic indicators of the Republic of Abkhazia, the Republic of South Ossetia, the people’s Republic of Karabakh, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, the Luhansk people’s Republic and the Donetsk people’s Republic. Special attention is paid to comparing the size of territories and the population of unrecognized States before and after the conflict. Analytical information is provided on the formation of the budget of unrecognized republics and the number of people who have adopted the citizenship of the Russian Federation.Discussion and conclusion. The authors conclude that unrecognized States have all the opportunities not only to preserve, but also to increase their economic potential.

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HEYETS, Valeriy, Viktoriia BLYZNIUK et Olena NYKYFORUK. « TOPICAL ASPECTS OF SOCIAL QUALITY POLICY IN THE POST-CONFLICT ECONOMY OF UKRAINE ». Economy of Ukraine 2022, n^o 6 (4 juillet 2022) : 3–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/economyukr.2022.06.003.

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Change in the quality of life of every Ukrainian in the new reality requires a rethinking of the scientific content of the social quality concept in a post-conflict economy. Its reformatting is due to profound changes in the social and economic life of mankind, which is being transformed under the influence of armed conflicts, large-scale terrorist acts, the COVID-19 pandemic, and continuous environmental pollution. In the last decade, there was a tendency towards intensification of violence on the planet, as evidenced by the number of military conflicts. The global nature of the conflictness development raises the problem of the social quality concept with all its basic components for the post-war reconstruction of society in countries affected by armed aggression. Given the significant difference in conditions and factors that traditionally determine European practice, the realization of the social quality concept in post-war socioeconomics will involve both the traditional participation of state in social life and ensuring the social quality in postwar society, which has undergone significant transformations during armed conflict, and active participation of particular individuals in the process. From the initial stage of reconstruction of the socio-economic space in the post-war period on the basis of social quality, it is necessary to respect fundamental social rights defined in the European Social Charter as amended in 1996. To prevent the growth of poverty and marginalization of populace in the post-war period of reconstruction and restructuration of socioeconomic space, it is important to involve mechanisms aimed at achieving social equality on the basis of solidarity and subsidiarity as social values common with the EU. Given the nature and role of social quality as one of the important mechanisms for socio-economic revival and restructuration in the post-war period, it is necessary to change the interpretation of the very concept of social quality in accordance with its intangible components related to the specifics of the national psyche and historical peculiarities that manifest themselves most strongly in conditions of war.

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Sopandi, Andi, Yogi Suprayogi Sugandhi et Wahyu Gunawan. « Model of Building Institutional Networks in Early Prevention of Social Conflicts in Urban Area of Bekasi ». Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 3, n^o 2 (8 mai 2020) : 703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v3i2.881.

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This study discusses Building an Institutional Network for Early Prevention of Social Conflict in urban areas, a case study in Bekasi City, West Java Province, Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to find out: (1) to study the institutional network pattern of early prevention of social conflicts (conflicts over erection of places of worship, conflicts of a Primodial nature, and conflict of economic interests) in urban areas, especially Bekasi City, based on three institutional pillars, namely the Regulative pillar, Normative pillars, and Cognitive-cultural Pillars as stated by Scott (2001); (2) analyze other aspects that affect the institutional network in the early prevention system of social conflict in urban areas; and (3) examines the model of institutional networks in early social conflict prevention systems in urban areas. The research method used to explore and identify building institutional networks in early prevention in urban areas is qualitative. The model of building an institutional network in the early prevention of social conflict in urban areas, is very dependent on the set structure, which was developed, including.

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Seidl, Irmi, Clement A. Tisdell et Steve Harrison. « Environmental Regulation of Land Use and Public Compensation : Principles, and Swiss and Australian Examples ». Environment and Planning C : Government and Policy 20, n^o 5 (octobre 2002) : 699–716. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c01103s.

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The authors discuss the regulation of rural land use and compensation for property-rights restrictions, both of which appear to have become more commonplace in recent years but also more contested. The implications of contemporary theories in relation to this matter are examined, including: the applicability of new welfare economics; the relevance of the neoclassical theory of politics; and the implications of contemporary theories of social conflict resolution and communication. Examination of examples of Swiss and Australian regulation of the use of rural properties, and the ensuing conflicts, reveals that many decisions reflect a mixture of these elements. Rarely, if ever, are social decisions in this area made solely on the basis of welfare economics, for instance social cost-benefit analysis. Only some aspects of such decisions can be explained by the neoclassical theory of politics. Theories of social conflict resolution suggest why, and in what way, approaches of discourse and participation may resolve conflicts regarding regulation and compensation. These theories and their practical application seem to gain in importance as opposition to government decisions increases. The high degree of complexity of most conflicts concerning regulation and compensation cannot be tackled with narrow economic theories. Moreover, the Swiss and Australian examples show that approaches involving conflict resolution may favour environmental standards.

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Aengwony, Robert Kiprop, Prof Crispinuous Iteyo et Dr Ruth Simiyu. « Nature and Extent of Inter-Clan Conflicts in the Somali Community in Wajir North Sub-County, Kenya ». International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention 6, n^o 8 (20 août 2019) : 5580–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v6i8.06.

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Conflict is a global phenomenon which is being experienced every time and again. In a nut shell, it has got a devastating effect on social, political and economic aspects of life. The study aimed assessing the extent and nature and extent of inter-clan conflicts among the Somali communities in Wajir North Sub-County. The study was based on two theories which are Social Conflict Theory by Karl Max (1818-1883) and Human Needs Theory by John Burton (1932 to date). The findings of the study indicate that the key perpetrators of inter-clan conflicts were youths (97%) and livestock rustlers (97%). The study also revealed that guns were the most used weapons (43%) followed by panga/machetes (31%). The conflicts caused deaths (64%) destruction and loss of property (100%), displacements (98%). The study concludes that socio-economic factors influence the recurrence of inter-clan conflicts in Wajir North Sub-County Kenya. The study recommends continuous public campaigns and public awareness to fight inter-clan conflicts.

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Charlier, Roger H., et Constance C. Charlier. « Environmental, Economic, and Social Aspects of Marine Aggregates' Exploitation ». Environmental Conservation 19, n^o 1 (1992) : 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900030228.

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The progressive depletion of land sources of construction materials poses increasingly acute supply problems to the building industry. Stricter rules than currently exist in relation to environmental concerns and their effective enforcement, while undoubtedly laudable, would exacerbate the situation and preclude opening, in many instances, new land-quarries. The search for alternative sources led naturally to exploitation of marine deposits. Beaches and near-shore areas have long been tapped for relatively small amounts of sand and gravel, but the new, greatly-increased demands for these materials poses a serious threat to many shores. Tourism and mining, unavoidably, have come into conflict. Beach protection, and, with increasing frequency, ‘renourishment’, is antipodal to granulates' mining. Offshore dredging has in some cases triggered accelerated beach erosion. The general rise of sea-level, and the consequences of exceptional-strength storms, have worsened erosion and greatly disturbed — occasionally irreversibly — the local sedimentary budget and transit. Technological progress, and more and more sophisticated equipment, permit greater efficiency in, and greater depth of, dredging operations.Besides their use for construction materials, the search for minerals in the marine domain also affects sands and gravels: placers and ores are available here, and mining in the coastal zone is no longer a marginal undertaking. Exploitation of ‘granulates’ ranks today as the second most important marine mining activity after oil extraction. Hence it is a top-priority topic for Quaternary economic geologists and environment specialists alike, while public awareness has henceforth to be reckoned with. Communication and information techniques must consequently be designed and vigorously propagated.

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Hurbean, Ada. « SOME ASPECTS REGARDING THE EUROPEAN SOCIAL DIALOGUE ». Agora International Journal of Juridical Sciences 10, n^o 2 (30 janvier 2017) : 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.15837/aijjs.v10i2.2838.

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The concept of social dialogue is approached differently at international level. According to the definition proposed by the International Labour Organisation, the social dialogue represents the voluntary information, consultation and negotiation act issued in order to negotiate agreements between the social partners or to negotiate collective agreements. As a concept adopted at EU level, the social dialogue, established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957, is a process of continuous information and consultation between unions and employers, so as to reach understandings regarding the control of certain economic and social variables, both in macroeconomic and microeconomic level. No matter how this concept is understanding, the social dialogue is associated with the transition from a culture of conflict to a culture of partnership with consideration of the common interests of the social partners involved in a broader process of “social cooperation”.

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Azmeh, Shamel. « Syria’s Passage to Conflict ». Politics & ; Society 44, n^o 4 (2 novembre 2016) : 499–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032329216674002.

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Syria’s descent into conflict is receiving growing scholarly attention. On their own, the sectarian and geopolitical interpretations of the Syrian conflict provide us with little understanding of the roots of the conflict. Recent studies have started to unpack the political economic and socioeconomics aspects of the conflict, highlighting issues such as the economic reforms in the 2000s, rising inequality, and climate change. This article aims to contribute to this growing literature by placing these issues in a broader analysis of Syria’s political and economic institutions. It argues that the movement of 2011 should be seen as an unorganized protest movement driven by the consolidation and institutionalization of multisectarian elite rule through the economic reform process that started in the 2000s, following the expiration of the “developmental rentier fix” that had ensured authoritarian stability in Syria in earlier decades.

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Domaradzki, Mikolaj. « Conceptualizing conflict in Arab economic news reporting ». Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 1, n^o 1 (18 juin 2013) : 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlac.1.1.06dom.

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The present article is a corpus-based study that aims to shed some light on the use of conflict metaphors in Arab economic news reporting. When examining the conventionality and functions of various metaphors for conflict, the paper offers the following empirical findings. First, conflict metaphors are highly entrenched in Arab economic journalism. Second and relatedly, the different linguistic conceptualizations of these metaphors can be used interchangeably. Finally, the analyses described herein show that Arabic and English have a great deal in common as far as the cognitive and pragmatic aspects of conflict metaphors are concerned. Thus, these metaphors (1) provide the users of both languages with a very useful frame for understanding and evaluating various social phenomena, (2) are frequently used for highly comparable reasons of persuasion, and — finally — (3) create very similar networks of entailments which, in both languages, structure the readers’ interpretation accordingly. Having discussed the commonalities between Arabic and English, the paper goes on to hypothesize that they might reflect certain fundamental and presumably universal human experiences.

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Noor, Triana Rosalina. « Meneropong Indonesia : Sebuah Analisis Sosiologis dan Psikologis Atas Konflik Benuansa Keagamaan Di Indonesia ». Journal An-Nafs : Kajian Penelitian Psikologi 3, n^o 2 (11 décembre 2018) : 135–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33367/psi.v3i2.499.

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Indonesian is a pluralistic nation, such as religion. The essence of religion is teaching followers for helping each other to keeping the unity of Indonesia. Religion will encourage its people for kindness to humanity eventough on the same religion or different religions. In fact nowdays, religious conflict is inevitable to happen in Indonesia. A religious conflict or even a conflict that is made as can be as threath to disintegrity of Indonesia.Facing religious conflict in Indonesia is required analysis from various angles such as sociology and psychology aspects of the religious conflict. The study concluded that the causes of religious conflict are caused by economic factors, social prejudices, conflicy of interests and others. This sociological and psychological analysis can be used as an illustration of the actions that can be done for resolving religious conflict as well as the effort to re-engage the unity to prevent the disintegration of Indonesia.

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Nagaichuk, Andrei F. « Socio-political technology of war and armed conflict : Some aspects of history and modernity ». Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies 37, n^o 2 (2021) : 281–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu17.2021.208.

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The theme of war worries everyone in the modern world, it is the most dangerous and large-scale socio-political conflict that has the prospect of developing to the level of a global catastrophe, characterized as the “third world war”, “nuclear war”, “war with weapons of mass destruction”, etc. Furthermore, the theme includes the whole complex of knowledge and events that affect all spheres of social life and the scientific knowledge. Owing to its pervasive and multidimensional nature, war is studied simultaneously within the framework of military history, economic and the managerial paradigms, political-legal and the psychological realms of research. At the same time, there is almost no serious and detailed study of this type of conflict within conflictology, aimed at presenting an integrated and an interdisciplinary approach to the most dangerous form of a large-scale conflict. The article is an attempt to understand the essence and nature of war, its types and the forms of its manifestation, the foundations of war, technology for the development of this violent social-political conflict and the goals and functions it performs. The methods of theoretical analysis of a specific conflict situation, war and armed conflict, abstraction, specification, analysis, classification, procedure of terms and data operationalization and interpretation are used. Applied research methods are also used (document analysis, observation, etc.). As a result, a socio-political model for analyzing the technology of war is proposed, which characterizes its base, structural elements (tools, methods, procedures, techniques, operations), and algorithm. In conclusion, derivative knowledge about the main socio-political methods and technologies for study, analysis of modern wars and armed conflicts, their peaceful regulation and peacekeeping is proposed.

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Humaedi, M. Alie. « KONVERSI KEAGAMAAN PASCA 1965, MENGURAI DAMPAK SOSIAL BUDAYA DAN HUBUNGAN ISLAM KRISTEN DI PEDESAAN JAWA ». Harmoni 16, n^o 2 (1 janvier 2018) : 218–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v16i2.16.

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The relationship between Islam and Christianity in various regions is often confronted with situations caused by external factors. They no longer debate the theological aspect, but are based on the political economy and social culture aspects. In the Dieng village, the economic resources are mostly dominated by Christians as early Christianized product as the process of Kiai Sadrach's chronicle. Economic mastery was not originally as the main trigger of the conflict. However, as the political map post 1965, in which many Muslims affiliated to the Indonesian Communist Party convert to Christianity, the relationship between Islam and Christianity is heating up. The question of the dominance of political economic resources of Christians is questionable. This research to explore the socio cultural and religious impact of the conversion of PKI to Christian in rural Dieng and Slamet Pekalongan and Banjarnegara. This qualitative research data was extracted by in-depth interviews, observations and supported by data from Dutch archives, National Archives and Christian Synod of Salatiga. Research has found the conversion of the PKI to Christianity has sparked hostility and deepened the social relations of Muslims and Christians in Kasimpar, Petungkriono and Karangkobar. The culprit widened by involving the network of Wonopringgo Islamic Boarding. It is often seen that existing conflicts are no longer latent, but lead to a form of manifest conflict that decomposes in the practice of social life.

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Adnan, Ricardi S., et Gumilar Rusliwa Somantri. « Social Conflict among Mining Company and Community ». Indonesian Journal of Religion and Society 4, n^o 1 (30 juin 2022) : 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36256/ijrs.v4i1.246.

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Conflicts between communities and mining companies in the district Alpha Sulawesi was a series of problems the last few years. This study found that the problems occurred between the community and mining companies were based on distorted social interactions, namely communication problems that did not work perfectly. By using a mixed method, this study which is included in the action research category found that the problem of perception and interpretation was a dominant factor in causing disputes to tension. Following the framework of Miller & Sinclair (2012), perceptions that arise and develop include physical, economic, environmental, and social issues. Through a quantitative approach with interviews using questionnaires to as many as 260 respondents spread across 13 villages and 3 sub-districts and a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews and group discussions with influential figures in these villages and PTMS management. Using the framework of Resource community member’s perception of coal industry risk and benefit, the results of this study also found differences in viewpoints in viewing environmental aspects of public health and social care.

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Wartiharjono, Sukapti. « Potensi konflik dan pembentukan modal sosial : belajar dari sebuah desa transmigran di Kalimantan Timur ». Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik 30, n^o 1 (31 mars 2017) : 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/mkp.v30i12017.84-93.

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Conflicts caused by differences in cultural backgrounds and competition over natural resources among social groups in the project areas of transmigrations in Indonesia are not uncommon occurrences. This paper seeks to explore two aspects pertaining to this issue: (1) social conflict potentials among transmigrant communities particularly those between local transmigrants and the inter island transmigrants; and (2) the formation of social capital as an instrumental power in achieving and sustaining harmonious social relationship in the area in question. The research on the two subjects was a qualitative field research. In-depth interview and observation were employed in gathering data. The research had led to the finding that the conflict potentials in the observed transmigrant area were related to land distribution among transmigrant households and access to economic resources. Nonetheless, the conflict potentials did not inhibit the formation of social capital that bound all the members of the society. The result of the observation showed that a social trust has been constructed among the transmigrant settlers based on the value of cooperation or working together formutual benefit both in the daily interactions in the settlement area and in the plantation management activities. The prevalent social trust has prevented open conflict from breaking out among different ethnic social groups and hencecreated harmonious social relations

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Kimeria, Thendu Bedan. « Policy Formulation and Advocacy towards Sustainability of Aviation Industry in Kenya : A Literature Based Review ». Journal of Strategic Management 4, n^o 1 (19 février 2022) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53819/81018102t2093.

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Sustainability of the aviation sector takes a multidimensional approach including economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. Thus, the sustainability of the aviation industry sector presents a challenging task in enhancing the three aspects of aviation industry sustainability. The three aspects in most instances conflict for instance as economic aspect of sustainability is enhanced, the environmental aspect of sustainability deteriorates. Formulation of aviation industrial policies requires multi-agency involvement. The aviation industry sector has many other bodies and agencies that must be considered for industrial advice, engagement and consultation. A particular aviation industrial policy formulated may conflict with policy guidelines from other partners and agencies. The purpose of this study was to undertake an empirical review on policy formulation and advocacy towards sustainability of aviation industry in Kenya. Literature based review was adopted in this paper. The planning theory, Functional Process Model and Dynamic Capabilities Theory anchored this paper. From the literature review, it was identified that sustainability of the aviation industry takes a multidimensional approach that include economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability. The unique phenomenon presents a unique challenge in promoting satisfactory sustainability in the aviation industry. As such, the study recommends for prudent aviation policies, carefully and collaboratively formulated to balance the three aspects of sustainability in the aviation industry. The policies include environmental sustainability policies that ensure that airline operators use less pollutant fuels, economic sustainability policies including polices on excellent service delivery to customers, affordable airline maintenance practices and fair competition strategies among the participants in the industry. Social responsibilities policies to be adopted include clauses that promote active participation of the airline operators in building social services/amenities and protecting employees from abuse by the employer (s). Key words: Policy formulation, sustainability, aviation industry, Kenya

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Frolov, Yury, et Timur Bosenko. « The impact of armed conflict on economic performance and enterprise value in the country ». Economic Annals-ХХI 182, n^o 3-4 (15 avril 2020) : 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21003/ea.v182-06.

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The intensity of armed conflicts has peaked in the past 30 years over the past two centuries. The problems of war emergence affect not only social indicators, but also economic and legal aspects of existence of enterprises within the framework of unstable situation in the country. Even in such a difficult time, enterprises at various levels are trying to develop despite the falling economic and social indicators of the local economy. Over time, in places where local armed conflicts have turned into frozen ones (e.g. Transnistria, Gaza Strip, Syria), enterprises have learned to exist in unstable conditions, forming new strategies and reactions to events. Before the World War II, researchers did not question that there was a connection between the decline in the economic performance of enterprises and the conduct of war or armed conflict in a country. However, the number of studies on this issue is small, which makes this paper relevant in the process of studying the issue. The analysis of experience of functioning of business in conditions of war can be useful for thec enterprises of various industries. The purpose of the paper consists in research of influence of local armed conflicts on cost of the enterprises in the country.

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Arefiev, Serhii, Iryna Miahkykh, Samira Piletska et Iryna Sopilko. « Inflation processes as determinants of development of the economic activity subjects : economic and legal aspects ». SHS Web of Conferences 67 (2019) : 04001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20196704001.

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Today, inflation takes one of the leading places among the factors that give rise to social and economic destabilization. The purpose of the study is to determine the nature of inflation and its impact on the real sector of the economy, as well as factors that it generates in the process of distributing and redistributing financial resources and justifying measures to offset the negative effects of inflationary impact on the Ukrainian economy. The authors used the following methods of research: systematic approach, theoretical and empirical methods of scientific knowledge. The essence of inflation and its influence on the real sector of economy are investigated. The factors that generate inflation during the distribution and redistribution of financial resources are indicated: political and social factors contributing to anticipating inflationary expectations, which accumulates inflationary potential; the institutional support of economic development is to assume stabilization of inflation through the mechanism of managing the money supply; factors of inflation reflections, capable of generating further unmanaged negative behavior of economic agents, which can be disclosed through the concept of "inflation of the conflict"; inflationary expectations require the implementation of monetary policy of the state.

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Voropayeva, Tetiana. « CONFLICTIZATION OF THE CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL SPACE OF UKRAINIANNESS UNDER CONDITIONS OF MODERN THREATS : THEORY AND PRACTICE ». Almanac of Ukrainian Studies, n^o 25 (2019) : 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-2626/2019.25.6.

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The article deals with the theoretical and practical aspects of the problem of conflictization of the cultural and historical space of Ukrainianness under conditions of modern threats. The essence of conflicts is revealed in the article, the interpretation on the conflict as an attribute of social life is done, its influence on the processes of social transformations is traced. The causes and conditions of the emergence, escalation and resolution of conflicts on various levels are analyzed, the possibility and necessity of managing them is substantiated. The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological analysis of contemporary studies in conflictology. It is proved that it is reasonable to apply an integrative approach to classification of social conflicts. An integrative approach to the analysis of conflicts is the methodological basis of research, which involves its consideration not only as a source of destruction and death, but also as the initial place of development of society. The autor comes to conclusion that the term of conflictization processes has considerable scientific potential for study of social conflicts. The analysis of the essence of conflictization’s processes, their specific character and sources of emergence is done on the base of conflictological theories. The article analyzes special features of contemporary conflicts in the context of global processes. The specificity of conflictization in interstate relations in the era of globalization raise this phenomenon to transnational and even planetary scale. Under conditions of militarization of conflict interaction, the level of conflict potential also increases. The escalation of tension and the use of violence through militarization of conflict interactions leads to armed confrontation. Contemporary armed conflicts pose a significant threat to humanity as they may expand in the context of globalization. The formulating of a row of measures (of humanitarian, socio-economic and politico-military nature) is aimed to prevent challenges, dangers and threats to the national interests of Ukraine. It is also necessary to maintain a balance of forces, values, resources, political, legal and socio-economic problems in the society and the state. The importance of a comprehensive strategy of counter the destructive actions of foreign mercenaries in Ukraine has been substantiated. The focus is on the use of political and diplomatic means through the active participation of the international community and the strengthening of economic sanctions against the Russian Federation. «Smart power» is interpreted as the ability to combine the resources of «hard» and «soft» power in order to strengthen the position of Ukraine on the international scene. The importance of the strategy of «smart power» as a basis for overcoming the armed conflict on the territory of Ukraine and the reintegration of the occupied territories was substantiated. We have made an attempt to interpret conflictization processes in the framework of an integrative approach. The proneness to conflict is now playing a distinctive role in the social and political life of the Ukraine. The discursive-consensus and assertive strategies for successful solution of a social conflict is considered to be an optimal one.

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Poduška, Zoran, Vlado Čokeša et Ivana Živanović. « Attitudes of employees about conflicts in the forestry sector ». Sustainable Forestry : Collection, n^o 77-78 (2018) : 123–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sustfor1877123p.

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The paper presents the research results on conflicts in the forestry sector. The theoretical framework of the research is based on the belief that conflicts are a universal phenomenon. The basic constituents of conflicts are elements and aspects. The elements of conflicts are the substance, processes and relations between participants, which affect the social, cultural, institutional and economic aspects. They also include the aspect of natural resources, which is a feature of the forestry sector. Such a theoretical framework gave grounds for the analysis of employees' opinions about the type and significance and the stage in which the observed conflicts were. The opinions of the people employed in enterprises and organizations benefiting from state forests, protected areas and administrative state bodies in the forestry sector were collected through a survey. The data collected were processed using descriptive statistics. A lot of conflicting situations were identified and they were classified into 10 groups. The most serious one is the conflict between regular measures and works in the forest of nature protection. Nine participants were identified in these conflicts. It was found that some conflicts had been resolved, while some were in the latent phase, with the possibility to escalate.

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Mężyk, Anna. « Railway efficiency. Metodological aspects ». Central European Review of Economics & ; Finance 32, n^o 1 (30 avril 2021) : 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/ceref.2021.002.

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Improving market competitiveness and economic efficiency was the objective behind the demonopolisation and liberalisation of the railway sector in the European Union. Achieving this objective remains important and crucial to the development of a single rail transport market. The transport performance and financial results of the sector under the new, separative organisational structure of railways in the EU is the result of the action of many different actors, private operators and public entities. This significantly complicates the development of uniform and clear comparable performance evaluation indicators for the sector and makes comparative analyses difficult. Moreover, the specific situation of railways in the EU as a tool for implementing environmental and social policy may conflict with the requirements of financial efficiency. The article presents determinants and methods of measuring railway efficiency proposed by researchers and practitioners.

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Grace K, Neinunnem, Paramita Bhawmik, Jayakumar C et Sekar K. « Emotional Vulnerability of Displaced Children in a Protracted Conflict ». Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 18, n^o 2 (1 avril 2019) : 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.49.3.

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Children are the most vulnerable and affected population in areas of protracted armed conflict. Due to internal displacement, deaths, injury, separation from family, and other social and economic disruptions are on the rise. In India, there are limited studies focussing on children in protracted conflict. This study focusses on the state of Manipur and looks into the relationship between the background to displacement and emotional vulnerability and tries to understand the different aspects of emotional vulnerability that children have faced due to the protracted armed conflict.

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Mario, Mualiady Ramli, Syaifuddin, Muh Syukur et Musrayani Usman. « Potential Conflict of Agricultural Land Acquisition ». SHS Web of Conferences 149 (2022) : 02025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214902025.

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This study aims to provide an overview of the social conditions of the farming community during the land acquisition period, including the process, form and impact of the conflicts that occurred in the farming community in the case of agricultural land acquisition in Pangkep district. The unit of analysis of this research is the farming community. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research based on case study research, meanwhile the land tenure gap in Biraeng Sub-district which is one of the areas included in the railroad development plan in Pangkep regency is almost similar to the situation, which allows conflict to occur, supported by several factors such as differences in agricultural land productivity, as well as commercialization and application of technology that directly affect the heterogeneity of existing roles in agricultural activities and of course the ongoing agricultural land acquisition policy process also has the potential to cause conflict in the community because it is in direct contact with the economic aspects of the community.

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Nawi, Syahruddin, Muhammad Syarif, Aswad Rachmat Hambali et Salle Salle. « Understanding to Intergroup Conflict : Social Harmonization and Law Awareness of Society ». Substantive Justice International Journal of Law 2, n^o 2 (4 décembre 2019) : 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/substantivejustice.v2i2.45.

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The development and progress of the city of Makassar in line with the occurrence of disturbing conflicts, conflicts and even war between groups provide an overview of research problems regarding the erosion of nationalism, erosion of national ideology, low national character, erosion of local culture, shallow religious values, low sense of solidarity, moral decline , and ethnic fanaticism and declining character quality and declining character quality, all of which have the potential to threaten National Integration and Social Harmony. This research method is descriptive and form of presentation in a systematic, factual and accurate description of the facts obtained. The results showed that conflict/war between groups or residents still occurred in at least six 6 regions in Makassar that had caused various losses because war between groups or residents involved children or adolescents using dangerous objects. There are 30 factors, namely juvenile delinquency, multi aspects, peaceful disturbance, offensive, revenge, social, economic, jealousy, work area disputes, unemployment, ethnicity, religion, culture, wild race, women, competition, misunderstanding, social change, deprivation land, women who seize men (infidelity of women), youth group clashes, politics/parties, deception, social classes/strata, selfishness, arrogance, ridicule, slander, conflict of interest, and government land disputes. Recommendations are needed Conflict Resolution Forum (FOLEKO) as a preventive and repressive measure, provide guidance and counseling for members of the community, about legal awareness, social ethics and courtesy in family life and community life, and inculcation of religious values and national integrity, the authorities need to be more intensive in conducting surveillance and need to carry out routine checks on the possession of dangerous sharp objects, and it is necessary to have the Social Harmony Creation Model module and legal awareness as recommendations of this research.

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Idrisov, Bahtiyar, Victor Hapotii, Olha Minkova, Yuliia Makieshyna et Oleksandr Melnyk. « Political causes of the Ukrainian revolution : theoretical aspects of the issue ». Cuestiones Políticas 40, n^o 73 (29 juillet 2022) : 570–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4073.32.

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The purpose of the article was to conduct a theoretical analysis of the political causes of the Ukrainian revolution. The methods of analysis, synthesis and correlation used made it possible to study political conditions and factors in relation to psychological, economic and cultural factors. It was determined that the causes of the revolution are a permanent political crisis, a conflict between the government and the opposition, the ineffectiveness of the actions of the institutions of government and the actions of the opposition; together with changes in the socio-economic structure, the religiosification of society and the influence of political factors on the development of abnormal social behaviors, among other factors. The research carried out allows us to conclude that a relationship of stable factor «social disorientation - social anomie - social cynicism - social madness» has been formed in the Ukrainian public consciousness. Therefore, the algorithm for the growth of revolutionary feelings under the influence of socio-political factors shows that this relationship has a tendency to repeat itself and is characterized by a narrowing over time.

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BURKYNSKYI, B. V., N. I. KHUMAROVA et H. M. SHEVCHENKO. « SOME ASPECTS OF STATE GOVERNANCE OF NATURAL ASSETS IN UKRAINE ». Economic innovations 22, n^o 1(74) (20 mars 2020) : 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2020.22.1(74).8-19.

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Topicality. The state of ecological-economic development in Ukraine demonstrates the exhausted disposition of its natural-resource potential due to exorbitant and consumer use, as well as the unbalance of the government functions of use and reproduction of natural capital. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the state governance of natural assets, taking into account the factor of environmental conflict in the framework of sustainable development. Research results. Natural assets are considered as resources as a result of their involvement in economic activity a benefit is received due to increased net cash flows, both from their direct use and from the provision of ecosystem services. Within a certain territory, the total volume of natural resources differs from the volume of natural assets by the amount of the passive part of natural capital. State regulation of natural assets is defined as a type of state activity on forming the policy of organizing the practical activity of state bodies, provision technological process of preparation, adoption and execution of managerial decisions regarding economic entities - users of natural assets. Conclusion. Asset management effectiveness depends on the type of the policy that is chosen � traditional, integrated or transformational and, consequently, the level of application alongside regulatory instruments � technological and social innovation and, above all, economic incentive instruments, in particular, the consideration of natural resources in price terms, the establishment of a time-differentiated system of penalties on what is directly harm the environment, new development strategies that ensure the relationship between the objectives of economy's social sphere and environmental security. In resolving environmental conflicts that arise in the field of natural assets management the method of ecological consensus was proposed that is inclusive in nature and is as close as possible to comply with the principle of Pareto optimality.

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Ronald, Sam, Suwandi Ng et Fransiskus Eduardus Daromes. « Corporate Social Responsibility as Economic Mechanism for Creating Firm Value ». Indonesian Journal of Sustainability Accounting and Management 3, n^o 1 (13 juin 2019) : 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.28992/ijsam.v3i1.69.

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This research is aimed to investigate the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on financial variables such as financial constraints, risks and earnings quality as a mediating aspects for creating firm value. Data were collected from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2013–2016. By using regression and path analysis method, the result shows that CSR has a significant influence on increasing firm value. Meanwhile, the indirect influences show that financial constraints and risk have a positive mediating role in the relationship between CSR and firm value, while the quality of earnings has no mediating role. The finding reveals a difference result with previous studies that CSR has an influence on reducing firm risk. Conflict of stakeholder interest exists as the result of excessive CSR activities and trading noise are used to explain this relationship. This study also indicates that cash flow has better role in increasing firm value compared to the accounting earnings of firm.

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Moroni Stewart, Daniel. « Social advancement : military promotions and retirement within the Spanish army in Chile (1693-1735). » Temas Americanistas, n^o 47 (2021) : 373–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/temas-americanistas.2021.i47.19.

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Colonial Chile is known in part for its continual military conflicts that forced the Spanish Crown to station there a permeant standing army. This paper looks at a unique aspect of this conflict, in that it focuses on the administrative details of a specially created system by which common soldiers could purchase officer´s titles and form part of a newly created semi-retired officer corps. Many of these officers on paper were then able to enter the civilian society with an acquired level of nobility that permitted them to receive specific economic benefits reserved for those of noble birth

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Кустова, Наталья, Natalya Kustova, Ирина Дмитриева, Irina Dmitrieva, Ирина Охременко et Irina Okhremenko. « Information capital in social network ties ». Servis Plus 10, n^o 3 (31 août 2016) : 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21123.

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The article is devoted to the communication problem of information processes in the context of the information capital phenomenon. Information capital considers in its social and economic aspects. Intellectual capital is aimed at creating as self-initiating system. It promotes transformation of the intellectual capital into the information capital. Information Capital is an important factor to generate additional income of the company. In this case the information capital is used in its various forms. Authors touch a few important questions. They include: the importance of information, the real value of information, requirements of the person who buys a product of intellectual labor. The modern development of information technology uses a system of “Intellectual and conceptual synthesis of alternative solutions”. This information technology allows synthesizing of management decisions. The authors offer to analyze of problematic situations for the strategic development and planning system. This issue is on the verge between the economic and social level of socio -economic life. It actualizes many social contradictions. The essence of the conflict is that the surplus product is produced through of information capital, and requirements of the owners of income are conditioned on the principle of commercial gain. The subject of the wage labor system becomes the owner of the information capital. The es sential conflict of the industrial society between wage labor and capital becomes a totally different dimension. Private property is transformed into a purely legal function. The authors draw the following conclusion: the principles, forms and mechanism of information capital are the tool and incentive of the social development.

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Bobrova, N. A., M. A. Vlasova et V. G. Pozin. « CONFLICT OF INTERESTS IS THE BASIS OF CORRUPTION ». Vektor nauki Tol’attinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seria Uridicheskie nauki, n^o 2 (2021) : 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18323/2220-7457-2021-2-5-13.

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Despite the permanent interest of scientists in the issue of corruption, the nature of its basics as an anti-social phenomenon remains understudied. As such principle, the paper considers the conflict of interests of participants in various public relations related to the exercise and abuse of power. The paper aims at showing the nature of the conflict of interests as the basis of such anti-social phenomenon as corruption, identifying subjective and objective causes of corruption. The authors analyze the gaps and weaknesses of current anti-corruption legislation and the practice of its application. The paper gives specific examples of a conflict of interests in various corruptogenic spheres and manifestations, for instance, in the sphere of economic entities’ participation in tenders announced by state and municipal authorities. The authors consider the legal and moral ways of preventing conflicts, the role of ethical norms in preventing conflicts, the legal framework of their prevention and resolution, the ratio of the conflict of interests and the employee’s qualification, the relationship between the material and personal interest, the activities of commissions for preventing a conflict of interests guaranteeing the role of written notification of a conflict of interests, special aspects of the notification procedure, and the consequences of non-compliance with the written notification. The study shows that a conflict of interests and corruption risks are eliminated both through legal means and moral ones, whereby the moral qualities of leaders and the requirements imposed on the heads of state and municipal authorities are of particular importance. Nepotism, increasingly prevalent in power and management structures (kinship and clientelism), is a common form of a conflict of interests, which undermines the moral foundations of public and municipal service.

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Voznyak, Halyna, et Iryna Zherebylo. « Social aspects of Ukrainian economy development : current state and new challenges ». Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, n^o 5(139) (2019) : 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2019-5-5.

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Modern changes in the economy of Ukraine caused by the socio-political situation in the country as well as a number of initiated reforms encourage scientific exploration of the socio-economic development of the country. The purpose of the article is to conduct a problem-oriented analysis of the social component of the economy of Ukraine. The article presents the results of a study of socio-economic development of Ukraine during the past five years. The following areas of analysis were selected: labor markets, poverty, unemployment, income / expenditures of the population. Low growth rates of the subsistence level are proven to be causing a decrease in social standards, which negatively affects the living standards of the population in Ukraine; a significant drop in real income of the population in 2014-2015 aggravated the purchasing power of the population; the increase in the share of wages and social benefits in the structure of the population's income during the analyzed period is an indication of the excessive dependence of the population's well-being on state support, as well as the absence of the so-called middle class in the country. The visible growth in the unemployment rate is caused by the military actions in the East of Ukraine, the deepening of the financial and economic crisis and the deterioration of the socio-political situation in the country. Emphasis is placed on differentiation in wages in economic sectors. Low level of the average salary in the budget sphere is proven to be caused by the peculiarities of calculating the size of the minimum salary on the basis of the subsistence minimum, which ultimately leads to the “depreciation” of the work of employees of the budgetary sphere and the reduction of the cost of highly skilled labor. Challenges to further development of Ukraine have been identified, such as excessive unemployment, poor level of remuneration, the level of social protection, military conflict in Eastern Ukraine among the key ones.

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Zavarika, G. « HISTORICAL EYES OF CONFLICT RESEARCH AND ITS INTERDISCIPLINARY CHARACTER ». Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, n^o 72 (2018) : 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2018.72.10.

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The scientific category of conflict is considered. The development of knowledge about the conflict in different historical formations is highlighted. It is found that the conflict is interdisciplinary and uses methods of research of various Sciences. The points of view on the place of conflict in the social life of scientists of different eras and specializations are analyzed. It was proved that the theme of the conflict was actual in different stages of the historical development of society. The importance of the study of the conflict in the period of formation of the Ukrainian conflictology is revealed. It is established that at the present stage in Ukraine the analysis and development of foreign experience is carried out, there are original theoretical and methodological developments of various aspects of the conflict. Today, science faces an important problem related to the emergence of conflicts – the study of factors that contribute to their emergence. Scientific interest is largely related to the growth of tension in various spheres of socio-economic and socio-political interaction, aggression and terrorism, ethnic conflicts. Our society, political elite, political scientists were unprepared for this difficult situation. Orientation to the” conflict-free ” development of society made the problems of conflicts unpromising. This led not only to its de facto exclusion from the field of scientific research but also to the fact that society has not formed mechanisms for predicting the emergence of conflicts. Attempts to copy the experience of foreign conflictologists in the field of socio-political problems are not designed for universal complement in any socio-cultural conditions, are unsuccessful. This contradiction lies in the awareness of the need for scientific understanding and practical work on the issue related to the collection of information, it’s systematization, analysis and forecasting of possible conflicts. The practical significance of the work lies in the conclusions about the need for a more in-depth and comprehensive approach to the study of factors contributing to the emergence of conflicts by effective, qualitative methods on the basis of knowledge of history, political science, sociology, psychology, social geography, political economy, political marketing in order to prevent and quickly eliminate them.

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Rizkiawati, Rini, et Sahadi Humaedi. « KONFLIK LAHAN MEGA PROYEK BENDUNGAN LEUWIKERIS DI DESA ANCOL KECAMATAN CINEAM KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA ». Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik 1, n^o 1 (13 février 2019) : 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jkrk.v1i1.20894.

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Konflik merupakan aspek alami dalam suatu kehidupan sosial bermasyarakat yang tidak bisa dielakkan dalam kehidupan manusia. Konflik yang timbul disuatu masyarakat tentunya memiliki suatu dampak positif dan negatifnya dan sering membuat kondisi menjadi tidak nyaman.. Seperti halnya konflik yang terjadi di Desa Ancol Kabupaten Tasikmalaya terkait pembangunan bendungan Leuwikeris. Konflik tersebut terjadi karena adanya rasa ketidakadilan dan kecemburuan terhadap harga jual tanah yang memiliki ketimpangan cukup tinggi dengan Kecamatan Ciamis. Hal tersebut tentunya mampu memperungaruhi kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat. Jika meninjau pada teori transformasi konflik menurut Fisher dkk, berasumsi bahwa konflik mengenai pembangunan bendungan tersebut disebabkan oleh masalah-masalah ketidaksetaraan dan ketidakadilan yang muncul sebagai masalah-masalah sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi. Conflict is a natural aspect of a social life that is inevitable in human life. Conflicts that arise in a community certainly have a positive and negative impact and often make conditions uncomfortable. As with the conflict that occurred in Ancol Village, Tasikmalaya Regency, related to the construction of the Leuwikeris Dam. The conflict occurred because of a sense of injustice and jealousy towards the selling price of land that had quite high inequality with the Ciamis District. This is certainly able to influence the social and economic conditions of the community. If you look at the theory of conflict transformation according to Fisher et al., It is assumed that conflicts regarding dam construction are caused by problems of inequality and injustice that arise as social, cultural and economic problems.

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Maniquet, François. « Opportunities, Welfare, and Social Justice : A Review of Fishkin's Bottlenecks ». Journal of Economic Literature 55, n^o 2 (1 juin 2017) : 580–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.20151323.

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In his Bottlenecks: A New Theory of Equal Opportunity, Joseph Fishkin claims he presents an entirely new way of thinking about equality of opportunity. The core of the new theory is the call for opportunity pluralism, which consists in enlarging the range of opportunities available to people at every stage in life. In this essay, we discuss how successful Fishkin is at shaking the way economists think about equality of opportunity. We identify two aspects of Fishkin's theory that deeply conflict with economic theories of equality of opportunity. Those aspects have to do with the way economists interpret the ethical values of respect for preferences and responsibility. We also argue that the way Fishkin suggests to look at opportunities can help economists fill gaps in the way they define well-being and social justice. (JEL A13, D63, I31).

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Tarasevych, О. V., et Ye S. Hradoboyeva. « THE PRIORITIES OF RECONSTRUCTION OF URBAN SERVICE SUBBRANCHES OF LIFE ACTIVITY IN DONBAS : SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS ». Economics and Law, n^o 2 (9 septembre 2021) : 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/econlaw.2021.02.122.

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The article analyzes the state of the main city service subsectors of the sphere of life — heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of the cities affected by the armed conflict in Donbas. Also, the most acute problems of heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of the cities in Donbas which suffer from their ecological condition, quality of public utilities and economic conditions of the relevant municipal enterprises, and therefore need to be addressed restoration are systematized and generalized. Particular attention is paid to assessing the consequences of environmental threats associated with the operation of urban service subsectors in the cities of Donbas, affected by the conflict, as well as analysis of the financial, economic and technical condition of the largest enterprises of water supply and sewerage and heat utilities in post-conflict areas, the dynamics of annual deterioration of the main relevant indicators are estimated. This allows to substantiate the priorities of restoration and ensuring the reliable functioning of urban service subsectors in Donbas, including consideration of the possibility of giving priority to financing projects related to the diversification of urban water supply sources, renewal of production infrastructure, reconstruction of heating facilities with the installation of modern energy-efficient equipment, etc., expanding sources of funding for relevant measures, simplifying the conditions for receiving state aid by urban enterprises in Donetsk and Luhansk regions affected by the armed conflict, through the introduction of state programs to support and develop this functional type of territory. The developed proposals for taking priority measures aimed at restoring and ensuring the reliable operation of heat-, water supply and sewerage systems of cities in the post-conflict areas of Donbas will allow each of the stakeholders (public authorities and local governments, municipal enterprises of relevant urban sub-sectors) social (improving public utilities for all categories of consumers in the region), environmental (ensuring environmental safety and improving the environmental condition of both Donbas cities affected by the conflict and neighbouring cities and regions) and economic effects (increasing efficiency by reducing costs and losses of energy and resources in the production and transportation of relevant services and, therefore, growth of investment attractiveness of both city-serving subsectors and the sphere of life in general).

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Libman, A. « Economic Integration in the Post-Soviet Space : Institutional Aspect ». Voprosy Ekonomiki, n^o 3 (20 mars 2005) : 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2005-3-142-156.

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The paper is based on the concept of integration as "integration of markets". It identifies factors, which make post-Soviet governments take suboptimal decisions to deny integration, despite significant resources of social integration. For this purpose three concepts of institutions are used - rational choice institutionalism, social constructivism institutionalism and mediated-conflict institutionalism. The paper analyses possible mechanisms of institutional design for common economic space. It considers relations between disintegration of the post-Soviet space and internal disintegration of markets in the CIS countries due to the deficit of trust and the deficit of law.

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Ilyin, N. Yu, E. A. Kuzmenko, I. B. Sanakoev, O. A. Gabrielyan et K. L. Sazonova. « The Right of Peoples to Reunification : Scientific and Practical Aspects of the Problem ». Russia & ; World : Sc. Dialogue, n^o 3 (20 août 2022) : 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.53658/rw2022-2-3(5)-22-43.

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The article contains the materials of a scientific discussion held in April 2022 by the National Communications Development Research Institution. The authors discuss the following issues: the concept of a “split people”; the right to reunification in the context of equality and the right of peoples to self-determination; historical precedents of the reunification of peoples; legal, social, economic, political and other grounds and mechanisms of reunification; the right to reunification and the problem of territorial integrity of the state; the role of external actors in unification processes; the conflict of national and state identities.

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Liu, Jiana. « An Analysis of the Narrative Function of the Economic Elements in Their Eyes Were Watching God ». E3S Web of Conferences 235 (2021) : 01070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123501070.

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In Zora Neale Hurston’s representative work, Their Eyes Were Watching God, economic elements occupy a large proportion. This paper aims to analyze economic elements and explore the narrative function of the economic elements in the novel: to participate in the construction of the social background, to advance the development of the plot and create the conflict between characters, to promote the shaping of the characters. Through the narrative function of economic elements in the above aspects, Hurston explores and reflects on the economic status of black women, the value of black women’s life, and the equal status of black men and women in society.

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Nazarova, G. V., et K. O. Demchenko. « Social Security vs Human Development : Conflict or Interdependence ». Business Inform 5, n^o 520 (2021) : 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-5-6-15.

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The article examines the theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of the formation of social security and human development, their relationship and differences. The research is aimed at determining the relationship between social security and human development. In the process of research, general scientific and special research methods were used, among them: method of structural and logical analysis; methods of economic-statistical analysis; method of correlation analysis, etc. The tasks were solved using application packages such as Microsoft Excel, Statistica 10.0. Thus, in order to clearly understand the concepts under research, their uniqueness, a comparative analysis of the tasks and the research object, which are of close essence, but of different purpose, precisely the concepts of «human development» and «social security», was carried out. The analysis of both domestic and foreign methodological approaches to the measurement of social security allowed to substantiate the feasibility of applying the social protection expenditure factor to GDP for a correlation analysis. The results of the correlation analysis of the human development index (HDI) and the coefficient of social protection expenditures to GDP allowed to justify the hypothesis that there is a direct impact of social security on human development. In accordance with the results obtained and taking into account the analysis of the components of human development, appropriate recommendations have been developed to increase their level. Thus, present day reality emphasizes the need to search for powerful instruments to solve global problems that threaten the secure existence and development of society. This forces the international society to expand the security sphere and pay attention to the process of formation and active development of the theoretical foundations of human development and social security along with their practical implementation. As a result of the study, it is identified that the vast majority of scholars who study the problems of human development consider this concept as a certain process directed towards achieving the main goal.

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Iskandar, Syaifudding. « RESOLUSI KONFLIK ETNIK SAMAWA DAN ETNIK BALI Dl SUMBAWA ». Populasi 20, n^o 1 (19 juin 2009) : 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jp.12298.

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This study aims to understand the background of conflict between Samawa ethnic and Balinese that still undercover for more than 25 years. The objective of this study are to explore the background of Balinese movement to Sumbawa, to identify the underlying causes of conflict between Samawa ethnic and Balinese and to address the conflict resolution that had been applied. The study applied qualitative approach. This study reported that the motivation of Balinese moved to Sumbawa were to increased their standard of live. Domination of the Balinese in social, economic, political and cultural aspects became the underlying factors of conflict between Balinese and Samawanes. Community based conflict resolution were applied through involving the community leaders from both side in coordination process and increased cultural communication for the shake of harmony and tolerance among society in Kabupaten Sumbawa.

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Moiseienko, Yu M. « FREEDOM OF THE BUSINESS ACTIVITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE BUSINESS DURING INTERSTATE ARMED CONFLICT : ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS ». Juridical scientific and electronic journal, n^o 12 (2022) : 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2022-12/43.

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SHEVCHENKO, H. M., et M. M. PETRUSHENKO. « RECREATIONAL NATURE USE IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT : PRINCIPLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL-ECONOMIC TOOLS ». Economic innovations 21, n^o 4(73) (20 décembre 2019) : 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2019.21.4(73).180-188.

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Topicality. In the context of sustainable development as the leading concept of the modern stage of human development, in particular ecological, economic and related social aspects, there are contradictions of various nature in different economic sectors and social spheres. In case of social exacerbation, these contradictions turn into a conflict form, namely in the form of environmental, including natural-resource and other conflicts. Their timely resolution is one of the requirements of national and, in particular, environmental safety. In the sphere of recreational nature management, the issues of contradictions and conflicts are certainly relevant and need improvement both from a theoretical point of view and in terms of formation of organizational-economic instruments for resolving relevant conflict situations. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the study is to summarize and analyze the provisions that underlie the formation of principles and instruments for managing recreational nature use in the context of resolving the contradictions of sustainable development. Research results. The article deals with the methodological principles of nature management research (as a key category for understanding the contradictions of sustainable development), namely: the principle of genetic unity of nature and society, the principle of mediating the role of social production in the relationship "society - nature", the principle of nature reproduction. Theoretical provisions on ecological contradictions and conflicts, in particular regarding recreational nature use, are generalized. The classification of instruments for resolving the contradictions of ecologically sustainable development (both in general and in certain ecological-economic sphere, in particular, recreational use of nature) is proposed, namely: economic (financial-credit: subsidies, grants, preferential credits; preferential and discriminatory taxation of services and products, and the use of resources; environmental insurance; payments for pollution and nature use; accelerated depreciation of environmental funds; price instruments), administrative (decisions of territorial bodies, departmental prohibitions; regulatory framework, in particular, limits on pollution and use of resources, etc.; environmental audit and expertise; environmental monitoring; environmental and natural resource target programs; permits and licenses for any kind of environmental activity; instruments for resolving natural resource conflicts), social and psychological (promoting non-monetary forms of the market; environmental education and training; public pressure; environmental consulting; resolving environmental conflicts) and organizational. Conclusion. In the paper theoretical views that reveal the essence of recreational nature use in the context of contradictions of sustainable ecological and economic development are generalized. The principles of analysis of contradictions related to the methodology of nature use in its extended and narrow interpretations are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the fact that, in the aggravated state, ecological and economic contradictions become ecological conflicts. In the example of the Black Sea region, environmental conflicts related to tourism and recreation are actualized; positive is the fact that their share in the structure of all ten kinds of environmental conflicts is negligible. The classification of organizational-economic instruments for resolving the contradictions of sustainable development, which are adapted to the sphere of recreational nature use, in which, in particular, along with the traditional economic management instruments, are presented organizational and socio-psychological tools for resolving environmental conflicts.

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Poplavskyy, Oleh, Volodymyr Sarychev et Oleh Levin. « Socio-economic and informationcommunication aspects of the military confrontation between Azerbaijan and Armenia in the "Second Karabakh War" ». Naukovyy Visnyk Dnipropetrovs'kogo Derzhavnogo Universytetu Vnutrishnikh Sprav 1, n^o 1 (29 mars 2021) : 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31733/2078-3566-2021-1-61-71.

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In the article the author examines the features of the information confrontation between Azerbaijan and Armenia during the "second Karabakh war", identifies the correlation between the socioeconomic potential of countries and the possibilities of application of information and communication technologies as a strategic resource for each of the parties to the military conflict. For comparison, we also used facts about Ukraine, Belarus and the Russian Federation, as countries of Eastern Europe region, which are in a similar state of military-political and socio-economic instability. The content and forms of information confrontation as a rivalry between countries in the information and communication sphere due to the desire to influence the formation of public opinion of the population, the level of national identity, the nature of social relations in the adjacent territory are revealed. Against the backdrop of the dynamics of the armed confrontation between the countries, specific forms of using information and communication technologies as one of the most effective means of warfare were analyzed, and the effectiveness of information and psychological operations in solving and escalating a military conflict was determined. The features of information war with using communication technologies as the aim of strenothening morale of their army and consolidation the moral and political potential of the people are characterized. Based on the analysis of the armed confrontation, we made conclusions that, in modern conditions, each of the countries, which are in a state of military, political and social instability must develop their own strategies for preventing military conflicts. Such strategies should take into consideration external threats, the existing economic potential, the possibilities of storing and disseminating of official information in peacetime, as well as the experience of effective government regulation of the practice of using the media and network technologies during an aggravation of the military situation. Based on the results of our research, a number of practical recommendations were formulated regarding the directions of the formation and development of information and communication technologies, which are used to protect the information space of the country and counteraction the unwanted influence of the enemy. The importance of the results obtained is substantiated for understanding the nature, tools and methods of modern information and psychological wars, as well as for the implementation of an effective state policy of countering the negative propaganda influence of the enemy in situation of active and large-scale information confrontation.

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Kodila-Tedika, Oasis, et Julius Agbor Agbor. « Religious Diversity and Economic Development in Sub-Saharan Africa : So Far So Good ». Journal of African Development 16, n^o 1 (1 avril 2014) : 99–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.16.1.0099.

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Abstract This paper investigates the effects of religion on a broad set of development outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa. We regroup these outcomes into three broad categories, namely, development process outcomes (growth, investment, conflict, and government quality), institutional outcomes (property rights and the rule of law) and social development outcomes (social and gender protection). Using two new measures of religion – religious fractionalization (RELFRAC) and religious polarization (RELPOL), alongside the traditional measure of religious diversity, our results suggest that broadly speaking, religion or religious diversity has no statistically significant impact on the institutional and social aspects of development in sub-Saharan Africa. However, our findings do suggest that religion has important effects on the development process through its effects on investment. The analysis suggests that African policy-makers need to pay attention to the changing religious dynamics and increasing religious polarization of African societies.

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Zavarika, G. « RESTORATION OF TOURISM OF LUGANSHCHINY IN THE POST-CONFLICT PERIOD : SOCIAL-GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECT ». Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Geography, n^o 70-71 (2018) : 88–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2721.2018.70.16.

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The possibilities of the restoration of tourist activity in the Luhansk region during the post-conflict period are considered. The geography of the tourist potential of the investigated territory is analyzed. The current state of the tourism industry, which experienced a significant decline in activity as a result of the conflict, is highlighted. The economic opportunities of tourism development in the region as an option for improving the socio-economic status are substantiated. It is proposed to develop the most promising types of tourism with an indication of specific tourist destinations with the purpose of forming a positive image of the region. Among the modern types of tourism, the most promising for the region are distinguished: health-improving, rural tourism (agrotourism), ecotourism, event tourism, industrial and religious tourism. It is proved that the development of tourism in the region is relevant because it can improve the socio-economic situation. It has been established that the revival of tourism will increase local incomes, create new workplaces, develop all industries related to the production of tourism services, including social and industrial infrastructure, intensify the activities of crafts, culture, and increase the living standards of the local population. Issues of development of new attractive tourist routes that are of interest to not only residents of Lugansk region, but also other regions, will promote the formation of a positive image of the region and, accordingly, the development of domestic tourism. It is established that the tourist-recreational branch of the economy of the region, taking into account the decline of tourism activity for 2014-2015, tends to slow growth. It is revealed that during the period of 2014-2016 in general, the Lugansk region has a tendency towards a slow increase in tourist fees. It is proved that tourism today is one of the most promising branches of economic activity in the post-conflict period. The necessity of awareness and desire of local communities to intensify internal regional tourism is emphasized.

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Hellström, Eeva. « Conflict cultures – Qualitative Comparative Analysis of environmental conflicts in forestry ». Silva Fennica Monographs 2001, n^o 2 (2001) : 1–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.14214/sf.sfm2.

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Owing to the internationalisation of the forestry debate and forest policy, there is growing need to conduct comparative forest policy research at an international scale. This research compares environmental confl icts in forestry in seven cases during 1984–1995. The cases include Finland, France, Minnesota USA, Norway, Pacifi c Northwest USA, Sweden and West Germany. The research is based on the notion that each society has its own ‘cultural’ ways of producing and managing environmental confl icts in forestry, depending on the social, political, economic, and resource characteristics of the society. The purpose of the study is to describe these confl ict cultures, to identify and analyse the societal aspects that impact them, and to discuss the implications of understanding confl icts as cultural phenomena. The research is based on focused interviews of multiple actors related to forest management and protection. For the data analysis, a ‘hermeneutic’ (interpretative and understanding) approach is introduced to Qualitative Comparative Analysis, the use of which has been dominated by causal applications. As a result of the analysis, models of confl ict cultures and confl ict management strategies are constructed. The model of confl ict cultures indicates three basic dimensions of confl ict culture, and defi nes how they are related to each other. These dimensions are mild vs. intense confl icts, separatist vs. co-operative relations between actors and stability vs. change in forest resource policy and use. The model of confl ict management strategies indicates to what extent the different cases place emphasis on interactive vs. institutional confl ict management, and the management of confl icting (sub)cultures within the society vs. the confl ict culture of the society.

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White, Sian, Thomas Heath, Waleed Khalid Ibrahim, Dilveen Ihsan, Karl Blanchet, Val Curtis et Robert Dreibelbis. « How is hygiene behaviour affected by conflict and displacement ? A qualitative case study in Northern Iraq ». PLOS ONE 17, n^o 3 (3 mars 2022) : e0264434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264434.

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This research aimed to qualitatively explore whether the determinants of handwashing behaviour change according to the duration of displacement or the type of setting that people are displaced to. We conducted an exploratory qualitative study in three different post-conflict settings in Northern Iraq–a long-term displacement camp, a short-term displacement camp, and villages where people were returning to post the conflict. We identified 33 determinants of handwashing in these settings and, of these, 21 appeared to be altered by the conflict and displacement. Determinants of handwashing behaviour in the post-conflict period were predominantly explained by disruptions to the physical, psychological, social and economic circumstances of displaced populations. Future hygiene programmes in post-conflict displacement settings should adopt a holistic way of assessing determinants and design programmes which promote agency, build on adaptive norms, create an enabling environment and which are integrated with other aspects of humanitarian response.

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Orr, Zvika, et Shifra Unger. « Structural Competency in Conflict Zones : Challenging Depoliticization in Israel ». Policy, Politics, & ; Nursing Practice 21, n^o 4 (12 août 2020) : 202–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154420948050.

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Structural competency is the trained ability to discern and acknowledge how health care outcomes are shaped by larger political, social, economic, policy, and legal forces and structures. Although structural competency has become an increasingly known framework for training and teaching, especially in the United States, it has usually not been used in nursing and nursing education. Moreover, very little is known about how to implement structural competency programs in conflict zones. Due to depoliticization that often prevails in both the higher education system and the health care system, the political conflict and the structural violence that significantly impact people’s health are rarely discussed in these systems. This article examines the potential contribution of structural competency training programs for nurses and nursing students in conflict areas by analyzing a program that has emphasized the impact of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict on the health of Jerusalem’s Palestinian residents. The article explains how this program has challenged the denial and silencing of conflict-related sociopolitical issues. At the same time, this program has created heated disagreements and friction. We suggest that structural competency training programs that are adapted to the political context in question may help nurses become organic intellectual leaders and agents of social change for those whose voices are not heard.

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Irawan, Arif, Kristian Mairi et Sulistya Ekawati. « Analysis Of Tenurial Conflict In Production Forest Management Unit (Pfmu) Model Poigar ». Jurnal Wasian 3, n^o 2 (23 décembre 2016) : 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/jwas.v3i2.1595.

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This Research aims to determine (1) History, actors and the causes of conflict in terms of the social aspect of economic, cultural and institutional happened in PFMU Model Poigar (2) Recommendations settlement to parse tenurial conflicts PFMU Model Poigar. Data analysis method used is a qualitative approach. The results showed that land claims by communities began of forest utilization activities to meet basic needs. Tenurial conflicts PFMU Model Poigar is a structural conflict. Some of the main actors should receive priority attention is the processing community land in the area and local employers. Some of the basic causes of conflict tenurial PFMU Model Poigar is a lack of understanding about the existence of related parties PFMU Model Poigar, the dualism of authority, lack of community empowerment, and law enforcement is still weak.Based on consideration of the history, the actors involved and the cause of the conflict, then some of the recommendation of this study is the institutional strengthening KPHP Poigar model, the development of that partnership, and law enforcement.

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