Articles de revues : « Social change – Europe, Eastern »

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Ronge, Volker. "Social Change in Eastern Europe." Journal of European Social Policy 1, no. 1 (1991): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095892879100100105.

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Haughton, Tim. "Central and Eastern Europe: Europeanisation and social change." Perspectives on European Politics and Society 12, no. 1 (2011): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15705854.2011.546152.

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Brown, Julie V., and William C. Cockerham. "Health and Social Change in Russia and Eastern Europe." Contemporary Sociology 29, no. 2 (2000): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2654456.

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Fatić, Aleksandar. "The social crisis of 'central'- eastern Europe since 1989." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 69, no. 9 (1997): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv9709343f.

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This paper deals with specific aspects of the crisis of social policy on the "central"-eastem European region, after the onset of political changes that commenced in 1989 with the so-called ..anti-communist revolutions", especially in "central" European countries. The period that began then has been characterised by fast political "transition" and restructuralisation of the economy and political institutions. It has brought with it the excitements of the "capitalisation" of the economy and society, greater individual liberties and rights. However, it has also inflicted on the region a social crisis of apocalyptic dimensions, which is truly unprecedent in this century's history of eastern Europe. The paper explores some particular elements of this social crisis, both statistically and qualitatively. These aspects of the crisis are interpreted, and in its concluding section the paper purports to suggest that any institutional and political change tends to have its more or less devastating social price, which in the case of most countries of "central"-eastern Europe could be have been lower if the reform had progressed at a more moderate and better planned pace.

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Verdery, Katherine, and Ray Abrahams. "After Socialism: Land Reform and Social Change in Eastern Europe." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 5, no. 3 (1999): 492. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2661315.

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Subotić, Jelena. "Out of Eastern Europe." East European Politics and Societies: and Cultures 29, no. 2 (2015): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0888325415569763.

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What is the contribution of Eastern European scholarship to the study of human rights and transitional justice? This essay takes stock of the most significant empirical and theoretical contributions of the study of Eastern Europe, specifically the study of the difficult case of the former Yugoslavia, to the scholarship on transitional justice. I identify three main challenges the scholarship on the former Yugoslavia has presented to the larger field of transitional justice: the political challenge of multiple overlapping transitions, the inability of international institutions to effect domestic social change, and the dangers of politicization of past violence remembrance.

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Jakubowicz, Karol. "Rude Awakening Social and Media Change in Central and Eastern Europe." Javnost - The Public 8, no. 4 (2001): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2001.11008786.

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Slangen, Louis H. G., G. Cornelis van Kooten, and Pavel Suchánek. "Institutions, social capital and agricultural change in central and eastern Europe." Journal of Rural Studies 20, no. 2 (2004): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2003.08.005.

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Stark, David. "From System Identity to Organizational Diversity: Analyzing Social Change in Eastern Europe." Contemporary Sociology 21, no. 3 (1992): 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2076239.

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Lewis, Owen, John Sargent, William Friedrich, Mark Chaffin, Nicholas Cunningham, and Pamela Sicher Cantor. "The Impact of Social Change on Child Mental Health in Eastern Europe." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 10, no. 4 (2001): 815–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1056-4993(18)30032-4.

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Walker, Charles, and Svetlana Stephenson. "Youth and social change in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union." Journal of Youth Studies 13, no. 5 (2010): 521–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2010.487522.

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Bozóki, András. "Theoretical Interpretations of Elite Change in East Central Europe." Comparative Sociology 2, no. 1 (2003): 215–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913303100418762.

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AbstractElite theory enjoyed a remarkable revival in Central and Eastern Europe, and also in international social science research, during the 1990s. Many researchers coming from different schools of thought turned to the analysis of rapid political and social changes and ended up doing centered research. Since democratic transition and elite transformation seemed to be parallel processes, it was understandable that sociologists and political scientists of the region started to use elite theory. The idea of "third wave" of democratization advanced a reduced, more synthetic, "exportable" understanding of democracy in the political science literature. The main focus of social sciences shifted from structures to actors, from path dependency to institutional choices. Transitions, roundtable negotiations, institution-building, constitution-making, compromise-seeking, pactmaking, pact-breaking, strategic choices — all of these underlined the importance of elites and research on them. Elite settlements were seen as alternatives of social revolution. According to a widely shared view democratic institutions came into existence through negotiations and compromises among political elites calculating their own interests and desires. The elite settlement approach was then followed by some important contributions in transitology which described the process of regime change largely as "elite games." By offering a systematic overview of the theoretical interpretations of elite change from New Class theory to recent theorizing of elite change (conversion of capital, reproduction, circulation, political capitalism, technocratic continuity, three elites and the like), the paper also gives an account of the state of the arts in elite studies in different new democracies of Central and Eastern Europe.

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MARMOT, MICHAEL, and MARTIN BOBAK. "Social and economic changes and health in Europe East and West." European Review 13, no. 1 (2005): 15–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798705000037.

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The health status of populations of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union underwent major changes after the fall of communism. While mortality started declining in Central Europe, mortality in Russia and most other countries of the former Soviet Union rose dramatically and has yet to improve. In terms of the socioeconomic changes, some countries (mainly Central Europe) were able to contain the fall in income and rise in income inequalities, but across the former Soviet Union gross domestic product plummeted and income inequality grew rapidly. This led to two types of inequality: first, the widening gap in mortality between countries, and second, the increasing social gradient in health and disease within countries. The thrust of our argument is that the disadvantages in health in Eastern Europe, and the growing social inequalities in health in the region, are direct results of the social changes, and that psychosocial factors played a pivotal role in the health pattern seen in Central and Eastern Europe.

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Berend, Ivan T. "Social shock in transforming Central and Eastern Europe." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 40, no. 3 (2007): 269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2007.06.007.

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Central and Eastern European societies, in spite of significant successes of transformation, are in a social shock. Economic hardship, unemployment, lower income and even poverty for many, and social polarization played a role in disappointment. The main reason of social shock, however, was cultural, the sharp collision of state socialist, and traditional values on the one hand and new values and social behavioral requirements on the other. The doors opened widely, but most of the people were frightened to enter into an unknown world. Social-behavioral changes are generations-long processes.

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Toš, Niko. "Social Change and Shift of Values: Democratization Processes in Slovenia 1980–1990." Nationalities Papers 21, no. 1 (1993): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905999308408256.

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This chapter is concerned with the swift and unexpected political and social breaks that occurred at the end of the eighties in Eastern and Central Europe and which we have been experiencing as necessary, inevitable, foreseen but delayed. A simultaneous, particularly media-created analysis, has characterized them as a “peaceful revolution,” but at least two questions arise.

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Eley, Geoff. "Culture, Britain, and Europe." Journal of British Studies 31, no. 4 (1992): 390–414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/386016.

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We are in the midst of a remarkable moment of historical change, in which the very meaning of “Europe” — as economic region, political entity, cultural construct, object of study—is being called dramatically into question, and with it the meanings of the national cultures that provide its parts. While perceptions have been overwhelmed by the political transformations in the east since the autumn of 1989, profound changes have also been afoot in the west, with the legislation aimed at producing a single European market in 1992. Moreover, these dramatic events — the democratic revolutions against Stalinism in Eastern Europe, the expansion and strengthening of the European Community (EC) — have presupposed a larger context of accumulating change. The breakthrough to reform under Yuri Andropov and Mikhail Gorbachev in the Soviet Union, the Solidarity crisis in Poland, and the stealthful reorientations in Hungary have been matched by longer-run processes of change in Western Europe, resulting from the crisis of social democracy in its postwar Keynesian welfare-statist forms, capitalist restructuring, and the general trend toward transnational Western European economic integration.Taken as a whole, these developments in east and west make the years 1989-92 one of those few times when fundamental political and constitutional changes, in complex articulation with social and economic transformations, are occurring on a genuinely European-wide scale, making this one of the several great constitution-making periods of modern European history.

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Chilton, Patricia. "Mechanics of change: Social movements, transnational coalitions, and the transformation processes in Eastern Europe." Democratization 1, no. 1 (1994): 151–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13510349408403385.

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Korovitsyna, N. "To Social and Class Changes in Eastern Europe after 1989." Новая и новейшая история, no. 6 (October 2018): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013038640002042-4.

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Heyets, Valeriy. "Social Quality in a Transitive Society." International Journal of Social Quality 9, no. 1 (2019): 32–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ijsq.2019.090103.

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Nearly 30 years of transformation of the sociopolitical and legal, socioeconomical and financial, sociocultural and welfare, and socioenvironmental dimensions in both Central and Eastern Europe, including Ukraine, has led to a change of the social quality of daily circumstances. On the one hand, the interconnection and reciprocity of these four relevant dimensions of societal life is the underlying cause of such changes, and on the other, the state as main actor of the sociopolitical and legal dimension is the initiator of those changes. Applying the social quality approach, I will reflect in this article on the consequences of these changes, especially in Ukraine. In comparison, the dominant Western interpretation of the “welfare state” will also be discussed.

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Bianchini, Stefano. "L'Europa orientale a venti anni dal 1989." PASSATO E PRESENTE, no. 78 (October 2009): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pass2009-078001.

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- Eastern Europe twenty years on looks retrospectively at the radical changes that have occurred in East-Central Europe since 1989. Despite the Cold War, cultural, economic and social exchanges and "métissages" had developed between the two parts of Europe. The communist collapse of 1989 offered a simultaneous opportunity of reforms and integration, given the interdependence between the "post-socialist transition" and the double process of the Eu enlargement and deepening. Nationalism however has emerged in opposition to integration (and globalization) in both Eastern and Western Europe, giving a new dimension to processes that increasingly have emphasized how Europe is no longer divided in an East-West dichotomy, but displays similar problems in dealing with diversity, social welfare, effective governance and mutual recognition.Key words: Post-socialist transition, European Union, métissage, Nationalism, Globalization.Parole chiave: transizione post-socialista, Unione europea, meticciato, nazionalismo, globalizzazione.

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Goodwin, Robin. "Age and social support perception in Eastern Europe: Social change and support in four rapidly changing countries." British Journal of Social Psychology 45, no. 4 (2006): 799–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/014466605x72144.

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Pickel, Andreas. "Is Cuba Different? Regime Stability, Social Change, and the Problem of Reform Strategy." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 31, no. 1 (1998): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(97)00029-9.

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The survival of socialism in Cuba eight years after the collapse of Communist regimes in Eastern Europe has come as a surprise to many observers. This analysis surveys Cuba's current economic, political and social conditions, discusses regime stability and reform pressures in light of the Eastern European experience, and identifies the major processes and sources of social change. The same factors that account for the survival of the regime—charismatic leadership and the fusion of nationalism and socialism, reinforced by a confrontationist US foreign policy—open a window of opportunity for an approach to fundamental reform that could avoid the costs of both neoliberal radicalism and political immobilism. The analysis concludes by sketching the main elements of such an alternative reform strategy.

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Noble, Gordon, Meggen Gondek, Ewan Campbell, and Murray Cook. "Between prehistory and history: the archaeological detection of social change among the Picts." Antiquity 87, no. 338 (2013): 1136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00049917.

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The development of small-scale kingdoms in the post-Roman world of northwestern Europe is a key stage in the subsequent emergence of medieval states. Recent excavations at Rhynie in north-eastern Scotland have thrown important light on the emergence of one such kingdom, that of the Picts. Enclosures, sculptured ‘symbol stones’ and long-distance luxury imports identify Rhynie as a place of growing importance during the fifth to sixth centuries AD. Parallels can be drawn with similar processes in southern Scandinavia, where leadership combined roles of ritual and political authority. The excavations at Rhynie and the synthesis of dated Pictish enclosures illustrate the contribution that archaeology can make to the understanding of state formation processes in early medieval Europe.

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Manning, Nick. "Diversity and Change in Pre-Accession Central and Eastern Europe Since 1989." Journal of European Social Policy 14, no. 3 (2004): 211–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958928704044620.

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HERMOCHOVA, SONA. "Reflections on Living Through the Changes in Eastern Europe." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 552, no. 1 (1997): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716297552001010.

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In this article, the author reflects on the changes in the Czech Republic since 1989, including the subjective experiences of new-found freedom, the initial influx of foreign experts and visitors, and the unanticipated difficulties, such as rising crime rates, that have accompanied these changes. The article focuses on the social fragmentation, hardships, and disillusionment that have been part of the post-socialist experience. The author emphasizes the importance of research in better understanding the recent social changes in the Czech Republic and suggests that skill building in negotiation, communication, and problem solving is greatly needed to manage the impact of these changes.

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Kornai, J. "What Does “Change of System” Mean?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 2 (February 20, 2008): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2008-2-99-112.

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The article proposes an approach to the analysis of social change and contributes to the clarification of concepts of economic policy. It deals in particular with the notion of "change of system". The author considers positive and normative aspects of the analysis of capitalist and socialist systems. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the system to be changed are introduced, their fulfillment is discussed drawing upon the historical and statistical data. The article describes both economic and political peculiarities of the transitional period in different countries, especially in Eastern Europe.

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Pinquart, Martin, and Rainer K. Silbereisen. "Human development in times of social change: Theoretical considerations and research needs." International Journal of Behavioral Development 28, no. 4 (2004): 289–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000406.

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Although social change is diverse and ubiquitous, there is to date little research on the impact of social change on individual development, nor on the variables that may mediate and moderate this impact. This lack is, in part, based on insufficient consideration of psychological theories that may be applied to social change, but particularly on the lack of specific theories on psychological consequences of social change. In addition, methodological problems in measuring the complexity of social change have limited research on the consequences of social change on human development. With a focus on the effects of the breakdown of the communist system in Eastern Germany and Eastern Europe on individual development, the present paper analyses how prominent psychological theories can be applied to research on human development in times of social change, namely, Bronfenbrenner’s ecological paradigm, the transactional stress theory, and recent developments of lifespan theories of control and coping. A behavioural model is introduced that analyses developmental consequences of individual’s coping with social change. Finally, we discuss methodological implications for studying social change and set out future research needs.

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Prokopová, Marcela, Ondřej Cudlín, Renata Včeláková, Szabolcs Lengyel, Luca Salvati, and Pavel Cudlín. "Latent Drivers of Landscape Transformation in Eastern Europe: Past, Present and Future." Sustainability 10, no. 8 (2018): 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10082918.

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Land-use changes in Europe have been influenced by social forces including economic, demographic, political, technological and cultural factors. Contributing to a refined conceptualization of multifaceted processes of landscape transformation in the European continent, the present study proposes an extensive review of land-use trends in Eastern Europe, focusing on past, present and future conditions that may characterize latent drivers of change. Three time periods with a specific institutional, political and socioeconomic context reflecting distinct processes of land-use change were identified including: (i) the rapid transition to a centralized political system since the early 1950s (up to the late 1980s); (ii) a progressive transition from communist regimes to parliamentary democracy in 1989–1990 (up to the early 2000s); and (iii) the subsequent accession of individual countries to the European Union (2004–2007) up to nowadays. The most recent land-use trends are increasingly influenced by European directives on the environment, while national policies continue to shape economic development in member states.

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Romanenko, Sergei. "THE BALKANS / SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE: THE REGION OF MYSTERY AND MYSTERIES OF THE REGION." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 2 (2021): 22–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2021.02.02.

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Based on the study of various types of sources and analysis of Russian and foreign literature, the author conceptually substantiates an approach to the study of the Balkan region / South-Eastern Europe. One of the main problems considered in the article is the change in the course of the history of the 19 th-21 st centuries the ratio of the concepts of «Balkans/South-Eastern Europe», «Eastern Europe», «Central-Eastern and South-Eastern Europe», «Western Balkans», «Western Balkan countries» and «European Western Balkans». The author characterizes various historical stages of the development of the region in the context of world wars and revolutions of the 20 th century, shows the specifics of political and ethnic processes, the internal political situation in each country and relations between the states of the region, the correlation between the processes of regionalization and globalization. With the disappearance of Eastern Europe in the form in which it existed in 1949-1991, after the anti-communist social and national revolutions in the former socialist countries of Europe in 1989-1992, an integral part of the process of national self-determination was the change in the regional self-identification of each people, society and state. If in the 2000 s, positive dynamics prevailed both in terms of internal political development, intraregional and global international relations, then in the 2010 s, the forward movement has stalled in terms of both the internal economic, social and political development of the states of the region, and the settlement of interethnic and interstate conflicts in the region against the background of a general aggravation of international relations. The article examines the role of regional identification and self-identification as elements of national self-awareness. The author also characterizes the challenges facing the countries of the region in the short, medium and long terms and indicates that the choice of the Balkans / South-Eastern Europe, despite the specificity caused by their historical fate, and all the difficulties of development and conflicts, has already been made: the Balkans (like Russia as well) is an integral part of Europe.

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Townsley, Eleanor, and S. Wojciech Sokolowski. "Civil Society and the Professions in Eastern Europe: Social Change and Organizational Innovation in Poland." Contemporary Sociology 31, no. 5 (2002): 553. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3090043.

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Minagawa, Y. "The Social Consequences of Postcommunist Structural Change: An Analysis of Suicide Trends in Eastern Europe." Social Forces 91, no. 3 (2012): 1035–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/sos172.

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Douglas, Cristina. "Ageing, ritual and social change: comparing the secular and religious in Eastern and Western Europe." Mortality 22, no. 1 (2016): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13576275.2016.1254171.

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Heimann, Mary. "Ageing, Ritual and Social Change: Comparing the Secular and Religious in Eastern and Western Europe." Social History 40, no. 2 (2015): 273–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071022.2015.1013691.

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Zald, Mayer N., and S. Wojciech Sokolowski. "Civil Society and the Professions in Eastern Europe: Social Change and Organizational Innovation in Poland." Administrative Science Quarterly 47, no. 3 (2002): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3094851.

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Polášek, Patrik. "Zpráva z varšavské mezinárodní konference "Religion, Cultural Heritage, and Social Change in Central-Eastern Europe"." Religio revue pro religionistiku, no. 2 (2022): [195]—197. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/rel2022-2-6.

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Schiefer, Jasmin, Margarethe Überwimmer, Robert Füreder, and Yasel Costa. "Obstacles and Challenges of Business Succession in Central Europe." JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS RESEARCH AND MARKETING 4, no. 5 (2019): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/jibrm.1849-8558.2015.45.3004.

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The transfer of a business to the next generation is a very important issue entailing several different social and economic influences. Failed business successions cause a loss of jobs, company knowledge and innovation potential. Creating an environment where business transfer is supported should therefore be of major importance for company owners and for policy makers. For better succession planning it is important to know the obstacles and challenges associated with business succession. Especially Eastern European countries face many challenges as these countries have no experience in business succession. To analyze the obstacles and challenges of business succession in Central Europe, three Eastern countries (CZ, SK and PL) with no experience in business succession were analyzed and compared to Austria where half of family businesses are at least in their second generation. Literature analysis and two focus groups with stakeholders (local public authorities and private entrepreneurs) were undertaken in all four countries. The results show that one of the main obstacles and challenges for business succession is the absence of a successor. Especially in Austria, this is recognized as the main obstacle. The Eastern countries (CZ, SK and PL) face different challenges to Austria that can mainly be explained by the lack of experience and supporting schemes for business succession. Especially knowledge and awareness related obstacles play an important role in Eastern European countries. Business succession is an individual process involving many emotions; therefore psychological and social issues are perceived as a huge obstacle in each analyzed country. Austria has a lot of experience with successful business transfers and offers various support mechanisms. However, many similar problems to Eastern countries were detected. A change of the business succession environment and the raising of awareness of the topic is therefore necessary in all investigated countries.

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BANSKI, Jerzy. "Phases to the transformation of agriculture in Central Europe – Selected processes and their results." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 64, No. 12 (2018): 546–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/86/2018-agricecon.

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The fall of the communist system in Central Europe was followed by dynamic social and economic change that also had its clear impact on the food sector. One of the key factors shaping the contemporary condition of the agricultural sector in region has been change of ownership, with the collapse of the nationalised sector and restitution of property to former owners. The work presented here considers the main directions of changes and assessment of selected economic processes ongoing in the farming sector over the last quarter-century throughout the region under consideration. This analysis may be further broken down in relation to the three suggested phases of change, i.e. transformation, integration and polarisation. The work took in five countries of the former Eastern Bloc, i.e. the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia.

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Árgyelán, Tímea. "Abandonment phenomenon in Europe." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 7, no. 1 (2015): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ausae-2015-0008.

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Abstract In the last century, rapid transformations, industrialization, urbanization, tertiarization, the boom in services, modern counter-urbanization trends, social mobility, and bigger transport infrastructures could have been seen. The eastern Mediterranean area, located next to the Mediterranean Sea, was one of the most significantly changed parts of the agrarian lands in Europe. The recession left its mark everywhere in Europe. This paper focuses now on the land-use changes of the east coast of Spain, on the Huerta de Valencia. The objective of this paper is to assess spatial changes and to analyse the land-use changes between 2008 and 2013.

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Bódi, Ferenc, and Ralitsa Savova. "Sociocultural Change in Hungary." International Journal of Social Quality 10, no. 2 (2020): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ijsq.2020.100205.

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Although Hungary joined the European Union in 2004, it seems that it has not yet been able to catch up with its Western European neighbors socioeconomically. The reasons for this are numerous, including the fact that this former historical region (Kingdom of Hungary), today the sovereign state of Hungary, has a specific sociocultural image and attitude formed by various historical events. And the nature of these events can explain why Hungary’s economic development and overarching political narrative differ so markedly from Western Europe. The aim of this article is to present the unique location of Hungary in the context of Central and Eastern Europe, and to address such factors as urbanization and industrialization, migration, population, politics, economic development, and social values crisis. We argue that these factors, including the European status quo that emerged after 1945, have influenced the existing sociopolitical, socioeconomic, and sociocultural differences between Hungary and Western European EU states.

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Fassmann, Heinz, Rainer Münz, and Dieter Segert. "System Changes in South Eastern Europe: Social, Political and Demographic Consequences." Der Donauraum 49, no. 1-2 (2009): 9–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.7767/dnrm.2009.49.12.9.

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Meardi, Guglielmo. "Restructuring in an enlarged Europe: challenges and experiences." Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 13, no. 2 (2007): 253–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890701300208.

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This article presents historical and aggregate data on restructuring in central and eastern Europe, and some examples from multinationals in Poland and Hungary. It shows how the violent structural readjustment process of the 1990s has left important social, political and psychological legacies which affect current approaches to restructuring. The new EU Member States, faced with relocations both to the west (in capital-intensive industries) and further east (in low-skill labour-intensive industries), therefore need employee participation mechanisms, cross-border information and western solidarity to ensure the social acceptability of change.

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Rose, Richard, and William T. E. Mishler. "Mass Reaction to Regime Change in Eastern Europe: Polarization or Leaders and Laggards?" British Journal of Political Science 24, no. 2 (1994): 159–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400009777.

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Regime changes occur at two levels, the macro and the micro. In Eastern Europe there has been holistic change at the regime level, but at the micro level individuals can differ in their reactions, some favouring the new and some preferring the old regime, thus creating aggregates of supporters and opponents of the new regime. Combining reactions to the old and new regimes results in a typology of democrats, reactionaries, sceptics and the compliant. Nationwide surveys in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Romania show that democrats overall are a bare majority of the respondents. If current divisions persist, then East Europeans will be politically polarized. Statistical tests of the influence of social structure and economic attitudes upon individual responses to regime change emphasize the importance of sociotropic economic assessments. But the data also show that most who do not currently support the pluralist regime expect to do so in the foreseeable future; they are laggards rather than anti-democrats. Moreover, the level of future support is so high that it is likely to be proof against fluctuations in the economic conditions of the new regimes.

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Juchler, Jacob. "The Post-Socialist Change in Eastern Europe: Specific Development or Universal Trend of Global History?" Dialogue and Humanism 4, no. 2 (1994): 269–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/dh199442/324.

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The paper analyzes the transformation in Eastern Europe in the perspective of global history and compares it to actual world-wide developments. The theoretical frame of reference is a strongly modified formation theory which allows for a truly comparative and interdisciplinary perspective. The main topic is the presentation of basic aspects of the fundamental changes in postsocialist societies in comparison with global tendencies: the economic process with its deep crisis, the political process with its instabilities, the changes in social consciousness with their complicated contradictions and some social features such as rising intolerance and violent conflicts. Finally future options are discussed.

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Cox, R. H. "Creating Welfare States in Czechoslovakia and Hungary: Why Policymakers Borrow Ideas from the West." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 11, no. 3 (1993): 349–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c110349.

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Political change in Eastern Europe meant that a policy reform was soon to follow. The initial expectation was that reform would stem from efforts to emulate the Western democratic countries, and that policymakers in Eastern Europe would borrow from the West. In this study it was found that in Czechoslovakia policymakers were attempting to borrow policies primarily from Britain and Sweden, whereas in Hungary the primary models were Germany and Austria. An explanation for this difference is that historical similarities in social-policy development structured the choice of countries, suggesting that historical trends have persisted despite the long period of Communist rule.

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Balla, Bálint. "Roger D. Petersen: Resistance and Rebellion. Lessons from Eastern Europe. Studies in Rationality and Social Change." KZfSS Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und Sozialpsychologie 54, no. 2 (2002): 386–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11577-002-0053-6.

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Domański, Henryk. "Major social transformations and social mobility: the case of the transition to and from communism in Eastern Europe." Social Science Information 38, no. 3 (1999): 463–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/053901899038003005.

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This analysis compares the effects on social mobility of the political transformations in Eastern Europe which took place in the 1950s and the 1990s. The author examines absolute and relative mobility rates in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Russia and Slovakia based on data from national random samples taken in 1993 and 1994. Log-linear models are applied to mobility tables for four periods, 1948-52, 1952-63, 1983-88 and 1988-93, to determine change in the strength of association between occupational categories. Searching for the effect of the transition to communism the author compares occupational mobility between 1948 and 1952 with occupational mobility between 1952 and 1963. In order to assess the effect of the transition from communism, mobility between 1983 and 1988 is compared to mobility between 1988 and 1993. It was definitely the transition to communism in the late 1940s that released the more intensive flows between basic segments of the social structure compared to what occurred during the exit from communism in the 1990s. Using both the diagonals and the constant social fluidity models, the author finds no evidence of increasing openness in post-communist countries. Contrariwise, in the 1948-63 period some significant change occurred in relative mobility chances. The conclusion is that the “first transformation” gave rise to a turn in social fluidity on the “genotypical” level.

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Macek, Petr, Constance Flanagan, Leslie Gallay, Lubomir Kostron, Luba Botcheva, and Beno Csapo. "Postcommunist Societies in Times of Transition: Perceptions of Change Among Adolescents in Central and Eastern Europe." Journal of Social Issues 54, no. 3 (2010): 547–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1998.tb01235.x.

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Owczarzak, Jill. "Introduction." Focaal 2009, no. 53 (2009): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2009.530101.

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The introduction to this special section explores the ways in which postcolonial studies contribute a deeper understanding of postsocialist change in Central and Eastern Europe. Since the collapse of socialism, anthropological and other social science studies of Eastern Europe have highlighted deep divides between “East” and “West” and drawn attention to the ways in which socialist practices persist into the postsocialist period. We seek to move beyond discourses of the East/West divide by examining the postsocialist context through the lens of postcolonial studies. We look at four aspects of postcolonial studies and explore their relevance for understanding postsocialist Eastern Europe: orientalism, nation and identity, hybridity, and voice. These themes are particular salient from the perspective of gender and sexuality, key concepts through which both postcolonialism and postsocialism can be understood. We thus pay particular attention to the exchange of ideas between East/West, local/global, and national/international arenas.

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Mironenko, V. I. "Some problems of political positioning of Ukraine (2014–2021)." Urgent Problems of Europe, no. 2 (2022): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/ape/2022.02.02.

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In 1991, Ukraine got the opportunity to provide real content to the sovereignty proclaimed in 1918 and to acquire international political subjectivity. This had to be done in the context of a change in the political system inside the country and the world order outside. Whether it manages to do this will determine both its political future and the political configuration of Eastern Europe. Since late 1980 s, political positioning of Ukraine in Europe and in the world has passed several stages. The current one, which began in 2014, is far from complete, despite the constitutional entrenchment of its objectives. Its direction and duration depend primarily on, but not only on, Russian-Ukrainian relations. Their current status actualizes for Ukraine the task of finding strategic partners and allies. Ukraine has chosen its political position, which is unlikely to change soon. The interaction of Ukraine with other states of Eastern Europe in economic and social development in a mode of conjugate modernization not only does not exclude, but also implies sine qua non the appearance of other integration projects, besides the EU and the EAEU. Finding mutually acceptable political algorithms for such conjugation is one of the most pressing political tasks for Eastern Europe, Ukraine and all other states in this part of the world.

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Shastitko, A., and M. Ovchinnikov. "Budgeting in Socio-economic Development Strategies (Raising a Problem)." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 3 (March 20, 2008): 134–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2008-3-134-151.

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The article proposes an approach to the analysis of social change and contributes to the clarification of concepts of economic policy. It deals in particular with the notion of "change of system". The author considers positive and normative aspects of the analysis of capitalist and socialist systems. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the system to be changed are introduced, their fulfillment is discussed drawing upon the historical and statistical data. The article describes both economic and political peculiarities of the transitional period in different countries, especially in Eastern Europe.

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