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1
Seidel, G. E. « Brief introduction to whole-genome selection in cattle using single nucleotide polymorphisms ». Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no 1 (2010) : 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd09220.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Genomic selection using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is a powerful new tool for genetic selection. In cattle, SNP profiles for individual animals are generated using a small plastic chip that is diagnostic for up to 50 000 SNPs spaced throughout the genome. Phenotypes, usually averaged over offspring of bulls, are matched with SNP profiles of bulls mathematically so that animals can be ranked for siring desirable phenotypes via their SNP profiles. For many traits in dairy cattle, the rate of genetic improvement can be nearly doubled when SNP information is used in addition to current methods of genetic evaluation. Separate SNP analyses need to be developed for different populations (e.g. the system for Holsteins is not useful for Jerseys). In addition, the value of these systems is very dependent on the number of accurate phenotypes matched with SNP profiles; for example, increasing the number of North American Holstein bulls evaluated from 1151 to 3576 quadrupled the additional genetic gain in net merit from this approach. Thus, the available information will be insufficient to exploit this technology fully for most populations. However, once a valid SNP evaluation system is developed, any animal in that population, including embryos, can be evaluated with similar accuracy. Biopsying embryos and screening them via SNP analysis will greatly enhance the value of this technology by minimising generation intervals.
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Buysse, Claire E., Jessica A. Munyan, Clara A. Bailey, Alexander Kotsakis, Jessica A. Sagona, Annie Esperanza et Sally E. Pusede. « On the effect of upwind emission controls on ozone in Sequoia National Park ». Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no 23 (4 décembre 2018) : 17061–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-17061-2018.
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Abstract. Ozone (O3) air pollution in Sequoia National Park (SNP) is among the worst of any national park in the US. SNP is located on the western slope of the Sierra Nevada Mountains downwind of the San Joaquin Valley (SJV), which is home to numerous cities ranked in the top 10 most O3-polluted in the US. Here, we investigate the influence of emission controls in the SJV on O3 concentrations in SNP over a 12-year time period (2001–2012). We show that the export of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the SJV has played a larger role in driving high O3 in SNP than transport of O3. As a result, O3 in SNP has been more responsive to NOx emission reductions than in the upwind SJV city of Visalia, and O3 concentrations have declined faster at a higher-elevation monitoring station in SNP than at a low-elevation site nearer to the SJV. We report O3 trends by various concentration metrics but do so separately for when environmental conditions are conducive to plant O3 uptake and for when high O3 is most common, which are time periods that occur at different times of day and year. We find that precursor emission controls have been less effective at reducing O3 concentrations in SNP in springtime, which is when plant O3 uptake in Sierra Nevada forests has been previously measured to be greatest. We discuss the implications of regulatory focus on high O3 days in SJV cities for O3 concentration trends and ecosystem impacts in SNP.
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Yee, Sook Wah, Joel Mefford, John Witte, Michiaki Kubo, Koichi Matsuda, Kathleen Giacomini et Charalambos Andreadis. « Germline Genetic Polymorphisms Are Associated with Disease-Free Survival in Adults with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) : A Genomewide Association Study From the Pgrn-Riken Global Alliance. » Blood 120, no 21 (16 novembre 2012) : 2548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.2548.2548.
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Abstract Abstract 2548 Background: AML is a malignancy with an average five-year survival rate of 50% in adults. Great strides have been made in deciphering the genetic heterogeneity of this disease and indentifying subgroups with favorable or unfavorable outcomes based on cytogenetic and molecular factors. We undertook this study to identify patient-specific germline determinants of treatment outcome and survival in AML. Methods: Our cohort was comprised of 314 adult patients with AML in first or subsequent complete remission who underwent consolidation therapy with a busulfan-based autologous stem cell transplant (Bu-ASCT) at UCSF between 1986 and 2009. DNA samples were isolated from patients' peripheral blood mononuclear cell alliquots collected via apheresis following etoposide and high-dose cytarabine consolidation at the time of confirmed complete remission. Genotyping was performed using the Illumina Human OmniExpress Beadchip. To adjust for population substructure, EIGENSTRAT software was used to determine eigenvalues for the SNP correlation matrix and the corresponding eigenvectors were used as covariates. Statistical analyses were conducted with STATA and PLINK software. Association testing with DFS was based on Cox proportional hazards models. We utilized a multiplicative (log-additive) model with a genome wide-alpha set at 10−8. The subset of 168 genetically European patients (cau) was used for the primary analysis. Results: Overall, 9.7% of patients in our cohort had high-risk/relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia, 12.9% core-binding factor leukemia [inv 16 or t(8;21)], 69.5% cytogenetically-normal leukemia, and 7.9% high-risk disease either by cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities. Disease-free survival in our cohort following Bu-ASCT was 59% at 5 years. As expected, baseline risk was significantly associated with DFS but treatment era was not. We identified several significant SNP clusters in our analysis. A 4-SNP cluster emerged on chr15 with a SNP ranked 2nd and one ranked 8th in the overall analysis. The SNP (rs933813) marked 2nd was upstream of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R). After adjustment for baseline risk, this SNP was significantly associated with DFS in cau (p-value= 6.9×10−8) as well as the overall population (p-value= 1.1×10−6). Other clusters are being evaluated. Conclusions: We identified several significant SNPs and SNP clusters that are associated with DFS in adult patients with AML undergoing Bu-ASCT. So far a SNP upstream of IGF1R has emerged as highly significant in our analysis. Ongoing studies are focusing on imputation, fine mapping and functional validation of these results. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Liu, Changning, et Zhenyu Xuan. « Prioritization of Cancer-Related Genomic Variants by SNP Association Network ». Cancer Informatics 14s2 (janvier 2015) : CIN.S17288. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s17288.
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We have developed a general framework to construct an association network of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (SNP association network, SAN) based on the functional interactions of genes located in the flanking regions of SNPs. SAN, which was constructed based on protein-protein interactions in the Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD), showed significantly enriched signals in both linkage disequilibrium (LD) and long-range chromatin interaction (Hi-C). We used this network to further develop two methods for predicting and prioritizing disease-associated genes from genome-wide association studies (GWASs). We found that random walk with restart (RWR) using SAN (RWR-SAN) can greatly improve the prediction of lung-cancer-associated genes by comparing RWR with the use of network in HPRD (AUC 0.81 vs 0.66). In a reanalysis of the GWAS dataset of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), SAN could identify more potential AMD-associated genes that were previously ranked lower in the GWAS study. The interactions in SAN could facilitate the study of complex diseases.
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Jankowska, Anna M., Bartlomiej P. Przychodzen, Lukasz P. Gondek et Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski. « SNP Arrays Facilitate Genotyping of Non-Synonymous SNP in MDS To Identify Disease Susceptibility Loci. » Blood 110, no 11 (16 novembre 2007) : 2421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.2421.2421.
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Abstract Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal premalignant disease of hematopoietic stem cells characterized by cytopenias and predilection to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While various exogenous factors (exemplified by chemotherapy-related MDS) constitute known risks for the development of MDS, it is possible that despite long latency, complex genetic traits contribute to MDS susceptibility. Such heritable factors include genes involving DNA repair, apoptosis, senescence, carcinogen catabolism and immune surveillance. Previously, disease association studies were mainly empiric and relied on rational selection of a very limited number of polymorphisms. Recent advances of SNP-array (SNP-A) technology allow for screening of a large number of SNPs. While some SNP-A utilize haplotype tags, custom arrays may specifically target known non-synonymous SNPs. We hypothesized that application of SNP-A genotyping may facilitate identification of potentially pathogenic SNPs. Such a screening approach is a hypothesis forming tool and our study is the first application of this technique to MDS. We have used the 13.9K non-synonymous Genotyping BeadChip (Illumina); DNA from 151 MDS patients (low risk: N=79, advanced: N=51, CMML1/2: N=21) and 99 controls (120 historical controls). In total, ∼2.4 mil genotypes were obtained. Genotype calls were computed and analyzed with Exemplar software. In the initial training Bonferroni correction was not applied. Instead as a hypothesis-forming approach we have ranked all SNPs according to their p value (automated analysis of multiplexed statistical evidence) and case/control ratio. We focused our search on the 100 highest ranking SNPs with a control frequency <5%. Globally, in the whole group 49 SNPs showed a p value of <.001, 75 SNPs present in ≤1% of controls and were found in >5% of cases. For example, the AA (rs3219484) variant of MUTYH, a gene involved in oxidative DNA repair was found in 19% of MDS vs. 2.6% of controls (p=9×10−8). To limit the impact of heterogeneity, subgroups of MDS were also analyzed separately. Among many interesting SNPs found, the AG genotype of (rs8192297) ANPEP was associated with RARS (35% vs. 15% in controls; p=.007). Similarly, the GA form of rs3730947 in DNA repair gene LIG1 was found in 11% of RARS patients (p=.00045), though it was absent in other MDS subtypes and controls. Similar, “enrichment” was observed in patients with CMML1/2, showing e.g., heterozygosity of WDR35 (rs1060742), ALPK2 (rs3809975) at the frequency of 45% and 30% (13% and 4% of controls; p=.0006, p=.0001). In sum, our study constitutes the first application of SNP-A genotyping to study susceptibility loci in MDS.
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Larsen, Knud S., David H. Groberg, Dale D. Simmons et Reidar Ommundsen. « AUTHORITARIANISM, PERSPECTIVES ON THE ENVIRONMENT, AND WORK VALUES AMONG SOCIAL SCIENCE STUDENTS IN FORMER SOCIALIST AND WESTERN SOCIETIES ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 21, no 3 (1 janvier 1993) : 251–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1993.21.3.251.
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This is a study on differences between national samples on authoritarianism, optimism-pessimism on the environment, and work values. 755 undergraduate students in social science from the U.S.A., Bulgaria, Hungary, and Norway responded to a survey. 29% were male, 70% female, with a mean age of 22.83. Results yielded highly significant differences with respondents from former “socialist” societies scoring significantly higher on authoritarianism and environmental pessimism. Differences for work values are significant for 20 of 22 values for both self and prospective employer. A remarkable finding is the consistency between national samples for the highest ranked 5 and the lowest ranked 5 values.
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Janicki, Piotr K., Ryan Vealey, Jiabin Liu, Jeremiah Escajeda, Marek Postula et Kelli Welker. « Genome-wide Association Study Using Pooled DNA to Identify Candidate Markers Mediating Susceptibility to Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting ». Anesthesiology 115, no 1 (1 juillet 2011) : 54–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31821810c7.
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Background A family history has been established as a risk factor for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), but the identities of susceptibility genes remain unknown. The goal of this study was to identify the genetic loci that may contribute to PONV susceptibility in an adult population. Methods The authors performed a genome-wide association study involving pooling of DNA obtained from 122 patients with severe PONV and 129 matched controls. Each pool was hybridized to a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray, and probe intensity was used to predict allele frequency. Differences in allele frequency between SNP in the PONV and control groups were ranked after accounting for the pooling error. The highest ranking SNPs were selected for individual genotyping in the subjects from whom the DNA pool was comprised and in the new verification cohort consisting of 208 subjects (104 PONV patients and 104 controls). Results The authors identified 41 SNP targets showing substantial difference in allelic frequency between pools. These markers were first genotyped in the individual DNA samples from which the pools were comprised. The authors observed evidence for an association between PONV and 19 different loci in the genome. In the separate verification cohort, the association with PONV was observed for four SNPs. This association remained significant after correcting for multiple testing (P < 0.0023) for one SNP (rs2165870), which is located upstream of the promoter for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 3 subtype (CHRM3) gene. Conclusions The authors performed the genome-wide association study for PONV using pooled DNA samples. Through individual genotyping, they confirmed association of at least one SNP that is predictive of PONV susceptibility.
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Koenig, Esther J. « SEX ROLE COMPLEMENTARITY IN JOB STEREOTYPY ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 17, no 2 (1 janvier 1989) : 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1989.17.2.181.
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The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of gender and sex role on the perceived suitability of hypothetical job applicants for sex-typed jobs. Six descriptions of applicants were presented to 605 college students, who were asked to rank order them on suitability for different jobs. The questionnaire each student received had five applicants with masculine first names and one with a feminine first name. Results showed no main effect due to either job sex-type, sex role of applicants, or gender of either applicant or student-rater. Interactional analyses, however, showed that for specific applicant job pairings where male applicants were ranked differently than female applicants, a complementarity of gender and sex role was evident. Specifically, the applicant with stereotypically masculine traits was ranked high when presented as a woman, while the applicant with stereotypically feminine traits was ranked high when presented as a man. It is suggested that this interaction effect is best explained by positing that gender-related stereotypes are implicity generated and that they complement sex role characteristics of the other sex. Thus, a woman with male sex role characteristics, or a man with female sex role characteristics, is seen as more adaptable or well-rounded than applicants whose sex roles are consonant with their gender.
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Hensley, Wayne E. « ORDER OF ELICITED RESPONSES ON A QUESTIONNAIRE AS A MEASURE OF TOPIC SALIENCE ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 28, no 6 (1 janvier 2000) : 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2000.28.6.603.
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Two studies among US college students (N1 = 88; N2 = 329) examined the relationship between the order in which responses are offered on a questionnaire and the ranked importance of those responses. Both studies found that approximately one third (32%; 31%) of the listed attributes were ranked in the order of mention. Expanding the criteria to include adjacent categories raised the overlap to about two thirds (64%; 65%). The findings of both studies were independent of gender. In addition, Study II measured topic importance/involvement among the respondents; the results indicated it was not a factor in this trend. The factor which did influence the order of mention and rankings was the number of categories used by the respondents. When more than seven categories were used, the stability of mention and rankings tended to become erratic.
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Abady, Seltene, Hussein Shimelis, Pasupuleti Janila, Shasidhar Yaduru, Admire I. T. Shayanowako, Dnyaneshwar Deshmukh, Sunil Chaudhari et Surendra S. Manohar. « Assessment of the genetic diversity and population structure of groundnut germplasm collections using phenotypic traits and SNP markers : Implications for drought tolerance breeding ». PLOS ONE 16, no 11 (17 novembre 2021) : e0259883. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0259883.
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Profiling the genetic composition and relationships among groundnut germplasm collections is essential for the breeding of new cultivars. The objectives of this study were to assess the genetic diversity and population structure among 100 improved groundnut genotypes using agronomic traits and high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The genotypes were evaluated for agronomic traits and drought tolerance at the International Crop Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)/India across two seasons. Ninety-nine of the test genotypes were profiled with 16363 SNP markers. Pod yield per plant (PY), seed yield per plant (SY), and harvest index (HI) were significantly (p < 0.05) affected by genotype × environment interaction effects. Genotypes ICGV 07222, ICGV 06040, ICGV 01260, ICGV 15083, ICGV 10143, ICGV 03042, ICGV 06039, ICGV 14001, ICGV 11380, and ICGV 13200 ranked top in terms of pod yield under both drought-stressed and optimum conditions. PY exhibited a significant (p ≤ 0.05) correlation with SY, HI, and total biomass (TBM) under both test conditions. Based on the principal component (PC) analysis, PY, SY, HSW, shelling percentage (SHP), and HI were allocated in PC 1 and contributed to the maximum variability for yield under the two water regimes. Hence, selecting these traits could be successful for screening groundnut genotypes under drought-stressed and optimum conditions. The model-based population structure analysis grouped the studied genotypes into three sub-populations. Dendrogram for phenotypic and genotypic also grouped the studied 99 genotypes into three heterogeneous clusters. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 98% of the total genetic variation was attributed to individuals, while only 2% of the total variance was due to variation among the subspecies. The genetic distance between the Spanish bunch and Virginia bunch types ranged from 0.11 to 0.52. The genotypes ICGV 13189, ICGV 95111, ICGV 14421, and ICGV 171007 were selected for further breeding based on their wide genetic divergence. Data presented in this study will guide groundnut cultivar development emphasizing economic traits and adaptation to water-limited agro-ecologies, including in Ethiopia.
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Geslani, Gemma P., et Claude J. Gaebelein. « Perceived Stress, Stressors, and Mental Distress Among Doctor of Pharmacy Students ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 41, no 9 (1 octobre 2013) : 1457–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.9.1457.
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We conducted an online survey to assess stress levels, stressors, coping strategies, and mental distress among first year professional Doctor of Pharmacy students at St. Louis College of Pharmacy. We used the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS10) to measure perceived stress and the Health-related Quality of Life Scale (HRQOL-14) to assess physical and mental health. Self-reported stress levels among our respondents were elevated, significantly higher than among other populations as reported in previous studies, and exceeded the threshold benchmarked as being unhealthy. Mental health scores were negatively correlated with stress levels, exceeded the threshold for frequent mental distress, and were significantly higher than in comparison groups as reported in previous studies. Examinations were ranked the most stressful events and spending time with family ranked as the most effective stress reliever. Further specific investigation is needed to identify probable contributors to distress and to solicit recommendations to help students alleviate their stress and strengthen their mental health.
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Chen, Shih-Hsiang, Wenjian Yang, Yiping Fang, Gabriele Stocco, Kristine R. Crews, Ching-Hon Pui, William E. Evans et Mary V. Relling. « A Genome-Wide Approach Identifies Variations in the Aspartate Metabolism Pathway That Are Associated with Asparaginase Sensitivity ». Blood 112, no 11 (16 novembre 2008) : 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.213.213.
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Abstract Asparaginase is an important drug for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The basis for interindividual differences in asparaginase sensitivity remains unclear. To comprehensively identify genetic variants important in asparaginase sensitivity, we employed a genome-wide association approach using the HapMap lymphoblastoid cell lines from 87 individuals of European ancestry (CEU) and diagnostic ALL blasts from 42 newly diagnosed, genomically-determined white patients. In vitro sensitivity was based on IC50 values measured following 48 hour exposures to native E. coli asparaginase (0.003–100 IU/ml) in CEU cell lines and 96 hour exposures (0.003–10 IU/ml) in patient samples using the methylthiazol tetrazolium assay. For CEU cell lines, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes were downloaded from the International HapMap database (www.hapmap.org) and gene expression data (Affymetrix GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST Array) were downloaded from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc. cgi?acc=GSE7761. For patients with ALL, we used the 500K SNP arrays to interrogate germline DNA and Affymetrix U133A GeneChip Array to assess gene expression in ALL blasts. We tested whether 2,390,203 SNP genotypes were associated with asparaginase IC50 using a linear mixed effect model in CEU cell lines, setting a p value threshold of p < 0.001 for individual SNPs and p < 0.05 at the gene level. This approach yielded 329 SNPs representing 94 genes. Combining these germline SNPs with those representing genes whose expression was also associated with IC50 at the p < 0.05 level (1,706 genes), there were 6 SNPs representing 5 genes, two of which (rs8135371 and rs17001863, both in the ADSL gene) contributed to asparaginase sensitivity (p = 6.9 × 10−4 and 9.1 × 10− 4, respectively) through their effects on ADSL gene expression. The top ranked KEGG pathway overrepresented by the 94 top-ranked genes (329 SNPs) was that of aspartate metabolism, which may be directly linked to the mechanism of action of asparaginase. The two most highly ranked genes (ADSL and DARS) in this pathway encompassed 7 SNPs (rs8135371, rs17001863, rs3768998, rs2278683, rs11893318, rs2322725, and rs7587285), all with p < .001. Using multiple linear regression analysis, 32% of the variability in asparaginase IC50 among the CEU cell lines could be accounted for by these 7 SNPs (p = 5.9 × 10−7). To examine the overall contribution of the aspartate metabolism pathway to asparaginase IC50, we compared all SNPs (935 in cell lines, 717 in patients) representing the aspartate pathway with those SNPs representing other pathways, using a random forest model. We found that the SNP genotypes in the aspartate pathway explained significantly more variation in asparaginase IC50 in cell lines (11.4%, p = 6.9 × 10−4) and in ALL patient samples (11.2%, p = 0.02) than other pathways. The expression of ADSL differed among ALL subtypes, with more sensitive subtypes (hyperdiploid and TEL-AML1 ALL) having lower ADSL expression than more resistant subtypes (T-ALL) (p = 1.1 × 10−5 and 2.9 × 10−9, respectively). Genome-wide interrogation of CEU cell lines and primary ALL blasts revealed that inherited and acquired genomic interindividual variation in a plausible candidate pathway contribute to asparaginase sensitivity.
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Stone, Brad, Scott Graves, Arnold Kas, Alexander Ford, Nathan Standifer, Crystal Rawlings, Steven Rosinski, Susan Masewicz, Maynard Olson et Rainer F. Storb. « Direct Genotyping of Coding Non-Synonymous SNPs for Identification of Novel Minor Histocompatibility Antigens. » Blood 108, no 11 (16 novembre 2006) : 3237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v108.11.3237.3237.
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Abstract Traditional methods for identifying minor histocompatibility antigens (mHags) are technically challenging and biased against discovery of mHags not expressed in the peripheral blood. In this work, we propose a rapid, unbiased, genetic approach for identification minor antigens resulting from disparities in coding non-synonymous SNPs (“C SNPS”). This approach is capable of testing for responses to candidate minor antigens expressed in virtually any tissue, including those expressed exclusively in tissues targeted by GVHD. The first step in our approach begins with comparison of donor and recipient C SNP genotypes generated using C SNP microarrays. These arrays interrogate approximately 80% of human C SNPs predicted to occur in greater than 5% of the population. Comparison of C SNP genotypes directly identifies protein-altering alleles present in the recipient but not the donor (hereafter referred to as “recipient-restricted” alleles), thereby identifying a transplant-specific set of candidate minor antigens. The second step utilizes conventional HLA-class I epitope prediction performed on all linear peptides that include amino-acid residues defined by a recipient-restricted allele. This two step filtering process identifies a small, “testable” number candidate minor peptide epitopes for an individual expressed HLA-class I allele. Candidate epitopes can then be synthesized, pooled and tested at diagnosis of GVHD using a commercial Granzyme B ELISPOT assay. As proof-of-principal for a direct genotyping approach, we have analyzed C SNP genotypes, performed epitope prediction and generated T-cell lines specific for candidate minor antigens using DNA and PBL from a pair of disease-free HLA-identical siblings. Analysis of 10,000 C SNPs shows that approximately 2,000 C SNP alleles are restricted to one sibling within the pair. BIMAS epitope prediction of short unique peptide sequences determined by each sibling-restricted allele identifies approximately 100 candidate minor epitopes predicted to bind HLA-A*0201. These candidate minor epitopes were ranked using expression microarrays performed on EBV-transformed LCL derived from each sibling, with candidates derived from highly expressed genes ranked above those from genes with lower expression levels. A pool of 12 candidate minor epitopes that were both unique to sibling “A” and derived from genes highly expressed in LCL were synthesized and used to generate CD8+ T-cell lines from sibling “B”. Stimulation utilized autologous (sibling “B”-derived) mature dendritic cells loaded with candidate minor epitopes. After several rounds of in-vitro stimulation, each T-cell line was tested for responses to EBV-LCL from sibling “B” and sibling “A” using a Granzyme B ELISPOT kit. Five out of sixteen lines responded to LCL from sibling A while no line responded to autologous LCL. Thus we show that this approach frequently generates CD8+ T-cell lines specific for sibling-derived target cells, suggesting that this approach efficiently identifies genuine, novel, endogenously processed and presented minor epitopes. Deconvolution of the peptide pool suggests that at least two out of the twelve candidate minor epitopes are naturally processed and presented.
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Vojgani, Elaheh, Torsten Pook, Johannes W. R. Martini, Armin C. Hölker, Manfred Mayer, Chris-Carolin Schön et Henner Simianer. « Accounting for epistasis improves genomic prediction of phenotypes with univariate and bivariate models across environments ». Theoretical and Applied Genetics 134, no 9 (11 juin 2021) : 2913–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00122-021-03868-1.
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Abstract Key Message The accuracy of genomic prediction of phenotypes can be increased by including the top-ranked pairwise SNP interactions into the prediction model. Abstract We compared the predictive ability of various prediction models for a maize dataset derived from 910 doubled haploid lines from two European landraces (Kemater Landmais Gelb and Petkuser Ferdinand Rot), which were tested at six locations in Germany and Spain. The compared models were Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) as an additive model, Epistatic Random Regression BLUP (ERRBLUP) accounting for all pairwise SNP interactions, and selective Epistatic Random Regression BLUP (sERRBLUP) accounting for a selected subset of pairwise SNP interactions. These models have been compared in both univariate and bivariate statistical settings for predictions within and across environments. Our results indicate that modeling all pairwise SNP interactions into the univariate/bivariate model (ERRBLUP) is not superior in predictive ability to the respective additive model (GBLUP). However, incorporating only a selected subset of interactions with the highest effect variances in univariate/bivariate sERRBLUP can increase predictive ability significantly compared to the univariate/bivariate GBLUP. Overall, bivariate models consistently outperform univariate models in predictive ability. Across all studied traits, locations and landraces, the increase in prediction accuracy from univariate GBLUP to univariate sERRBLUP ranged from 5.9 to 112.4 percent, with an average increase of 47 percent. For bivariate models, the change ranged from −0.3 to + 27.9 percent comparing the bivariate sERRBLUP to the bivariate GBLUP, with an average increase of 11 percent. This considerable increase in predictive ability achieved by sERRBLUP may be of interest for “sparse testing” approaches in which only a subset of the lines/hybrids of interest is observed at each location.
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Tortora, Fabiana, Antonella Rendina, Antonella Angiolillo, Alfonso Di Costanzo, Francesco Aniello, Aldo Donizetti, Ferdinando Febbraio et Emilia Vitale. « CD33 rs2455069 SNP : Correlation with Alzheimer’s Disease and Hypothesis of Functional Role ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no 7 (26 mars 2022) : 3629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073629.
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The CD33 gene encodes for a member of the sialic-acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (Siglec) family, and is one of the top-ranked Alzheimer’s disease (AD) risk genes identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Many CD33 polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of AD, but the function and potential mechanism of many CD33 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in promoting AD have yet to be elucidated. We recently identified the CD33 SNP rs2455069-A>G (R69G) in a familial form of dementia. Here, we demonstrate an association between the G allele of the rs2455069 gene variant and the presence of AD in a cohort of 195 patients from southern Italy. We carried out in silico analysis of the 3D structures of CD33 carrying the identified SNP to provide insights into its functional effect. Structural models of the CD33 variant carrying the R69G amino acid change were compared to the CD33 wild type, and used for the docking analysis using sialic acid as the ligand. Our analysis demonstrated that the CD33-R69G variant may bind sialic acid at additional binding sites compared to the wild type, thus potentially increasing its affinity/specificity for this molecule. Our results led to a new hypothesis of rs2455069-A>G SNP as a risk factor for AD, suggesting that a long-term cumulative effect of the CD33-R69G variant results from the binding of sialic acid, acting as an enhancer of the CD33 inhibitory effects on amyloid plaque degradation.
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Laing, Frederick M., et Diantha B. Howard. « Sap Sweetness Consistency vs. Growth Rates in Young Sugar Maples ». Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 7, no 1 (1 mars 1990) : 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/7.1.5.
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Abstract Mature sugar maples have been shown in a previous study to be consistent for sap sweetness when ranked against other trees in a population for many years. This study examined sap sweetness in young sugar maples in relation to basal area growth rates. A definite trend toward consistency for sap sweetness was found in young trees although there was greater variability than in mature trees. Reasons for this variability are postulated to be the continuing competitive growth of the younger trees and mortality due to natural causes and/or management. However, the trend toward consistency for sweetness warrants sap testing as a criterion in selecting potential crop trees for sap production. Annual correlations between sap sweetness and growth rates varied with no clear trend. North. J. Appl. For. 7(1):5-9, March 1990.
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Adams, Gary M., et James W. Richardson. « Exploring Options for a New Farm Bill ». Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 33, no 2 (août 2001) : 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s107407080000571x.
Texte intégralRésumé :
AbstractThree farm programs to increase support by $6 billion per year are analyzed. Higher marketing loan (ML), higher AMTA payments, and Modified Supplemental Income (SIP) program are evaluated at the sector and farm levels. At the sector level impacts on supply, demand, and price are modest with acreage shifts of less than two million acres. At the farm level SIP was preferred by cotton farms and higher ML was preferred by farms producing soybeans. Higher AMTA payments were preferred by 3 of 11 farms. Overall, SIP was ranked first or second by 10 of 11 representative farms.
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Brandão, Alice, Reinaldo F. Cooke, Kelsey Schubach, Thiago Schumaher, Osvaldo Souza, Thais Castro et Bruno Cappellozza. « 118 Administering a synthetic appeasing pheromone to Bos indicus-influenced beef cattle at weaning and feedlot entry ». Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_1 (juillet 2019) : 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz053.118.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Synthetic appeasing pheromone (SAP) is expected to have a calming effect in cattle experiencing stressful situations, including weaning and feedlot arrival. In Exp. 1, 186 Bos indicus-influenced calves (73 heifers, 133 bulls) were weaned at 211 ± 1 d of age (d 0). Upon weaning, calves were ranked by sex and body weight (BW), and assigned to receive SAP (Nutricorp, Araras, SP, Brazil; n = 94) or water (CON; n = 92). Treatments (5 mL) were topically applied to the forehead of each animal. Calf BW was recorded on d 15 and 45. Calves that received SAP had greater (P < 0.01) average daily again (ADG) from d 0 to 15, and BW on d 15 compared with CON (0.94 vs. 0.73 kg/d and 249 vs. 246 kg; respectively). Calf ADG from d 15 to 45 was similar (P = 0.97) between treatments. Overall ADG and BW on d 45 were also greater in SAP vs. CON (0.36 vs. 0.29 kg/d and 251 vs. 248 kg; respectively). In Exp. 2, 140 Bos indicus-influenced bulls (~27 mo of age) were transported from a cow-calf ranch to a commercial feedlot (d -1), and maintained on a single pasture for 24 h. On d 0, bulls were ranked by BW and assigned to receive SAP (n = 70) or CON (n = 70) as in Exp. 1. Bulls receiving SAP had greater (P = 0.04) ADG from d 0 to 15, but less (P <0.01) ADG from d 15 to 45 compared to CON (1.65 vs. 1.45 kg/d and 1.42 vs. 1.65 kg/d; respectively). No other treatment effects were detected (P ≥ 0.18). Therefore, SAP administration to beef cattle at weaning or feedlot entry had immediate benefits to ADG, which were sustained for 45 d in weaned calves but not in feedlot cattle
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Ghidiu, Gerald M. « Cabbage Insect Control, 1985 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no 1 (1 janvier 1986) : 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.113.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract ‘Ranger’ cabbage were seeded into a Sassafras sandy loam field on 15 Jul. Plots consisted of a single r ow 25 ft long and 5 ft wide replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design; a guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were applied with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer with a drop nozzle on either side of the row and 1 centered over the row calibrated to deliver 41 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. Treatments were applied 3 Sep and 12 Sep. Evaluations for the various treatments included direct larval counts per 10 plants (26 Sep), foliage injury ratings (expressed as percent defoliation, 17 Sep) and percent marketable heads (clean heads with at ieast 2 undamaged wrapper leaves, 2 Oct).
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Saunders, Shaun. « FROMM'S MARKETING CHARACTER AND ROKEACH VALUES ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 29, no 2 (1 janvier 2001) : 191–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2001.29.2.191.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The twentieth century is notable for the widespread growth of market-driven economies which have been associated with dramatic shifts in values both within and across cultures. The present study (N=101) aimed to assess the relationship between a measure of Fromm's (1955) marketing character (the SCOI) and Rokeach values. The hypothesis that the Rokeach value ‘Equality’ would be ranked low when considered in terms of scores on the SCOI was supported, suggesting that social comparisons made in the consumer domain are made with the aim of determining relative success or failure rather than equality.
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Sotelo, Maria José, et Luis Gimeno. « MIGRATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND PSYCHOLOGY : LOOKING FOR A LINK ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 31, no 1 (1 janvier 2003) : 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2003.31.1.55.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The authors explore an alternative way of analyzing the relationship between development, migration and psychology. The method is based on the first principal component of national net immigrants'data in the Human Development Index rating domain. Results show that the main sources of emigrants are countries with moderate development and the main sink countries are ranked from Human Development Index Rating 10 to 30. This could be in part due to a psychological reason: “If one is poor among poor, incentives to migrate might be lower than if one is poor among (relatively) rich”.
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Grubb, Henry Jefferson. « SOCIAL COHESION AS DETERMINED BY THE LEVELS AND TYPES OF INVOLVEMENT ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 15, no 1 (1 janvier 1987) : 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1987.15.1.87.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This paper takes the position that all behavior is a result of individual-group interaction. The individual's initiation and socialization into the most primary and universal of groups, the family, serves as a model for understanding the social learning process. All learning is determined by attachment to and identification with the various groups to which one belongs. This “social cohesion” is a function of the member's levels and types of group involvement. These types are described ranked according to degree of involvement (greatest to least): (1) identification; (2) alienation; (3) autonomy; and (4) anomie. Examples for each involvement-type are given to illustrate.
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Ghidiu, Gerald M. « Biological Insecticides to Control Cabbage Insect Pests, 1985 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, no 1 (1 janvier 1986) : 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.112.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract ‘Ranger’ cabbage were seeded on 15 Jul to a Sassafras sandy loam field. Plots were single rows 25 ft long and 5 ft wide replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design; a guard row buffered each treated row. Sprays were applied with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer with 1 drop nozzle on either side of the row and 1 nozzle over the center calibrated to deliver 41 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. Treatments were applied on 6 Sep and 17 Sep. Number of larvae/10 plants was recorded on 26 Sep. Foliage injury ratings were recorded on 20 Sep and are expressed as percent defoliation. Yield (percent marketable heads) were taken on 2 Oct and defined as cabbage heads with no visible feeding and having at least 2 undamaged wrapper leaves.
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Kim, Paul Y., Khan M. Iftekharuddin, Pinakin G. Davey, Gabor Holló, Martha Tóth, Anita Garas et Edward A. Essock. « Selective fusion of structural and functional data for improved glaucoma detection ». Modeling and Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology 1, no 3 (19 juin 2017) : 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35119/maio.v1i3.40.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work proposes novel selective feature fusion of structural and functional data for improved glaucoma detection. The structural data such as retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurement acquired by scanning laser polarimetry (SLP) is fused with the functional visual field (VF) measurement recorded from the standard automated perimetry (SAP) test. The proposed selective feature fusion exploits correspondence between structural and functional data obtained over multiple sectors. The correlation coefficients for corresponding structural-function sector pairs are used as weights in subsequent feature selection. The sectors are ranked according to the correlation coefficients and the first four highly ranked sectors are retained. Following our prior work, fractal analysis (FA) features for both structural and functional data are obtained and fused for each selected sectors respectively. These fused FA features are then used for glaucoma detection. The novelty of this work stems from (i) locating structure-functional sectoral correspondence; (ii) selecting only a few interesting sector pairs using correlation coefficient between structure-function data; (iii) obtaining novel FA features from these pairs; and (iv) fusing these features for glaucoma detection. Such a method is distinctively different from other existing methods that exploit structure-function models in that structure-function sectoral correspondences have been weighted and, based on such weights, only portions of the sectors are retained for subsequent fusion and classification of structural and functional features. For statistical analysis of the glaucoma detection results, sensitivity, specificity and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) are calculated. Performance comparison is obtained with those of existing feature-based techniques such as wavelet-Fourier analysis (WFA) and fast-Fourier analysis (FFA). Comparisons of AUROC values show that our novel selective feature fusion method for discrimination of glaucomatous and ocular normal patients slightly outperforms other existing techniques with AUROCs of 0.98, 0.98 and 0.99 for WFA, FFA and FA respectively.
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Perchard, Reena, Terence Garner, Andrew James Whatmore, Adam Stevens, Lucy Higgins, Edward Johnstone et Peter Ellis Clayton. « Antenatal Markers Related to Fetal Growth Restriction Can Predict Childhood Systolic Blood Pressure ». Journal of the Endocrine Society 5, Supplement_1 (1 mai 2021) : A708—A709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab048.1443.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Background: Being born small for gestational age (SGA) is linked with higher systolic blood pressure (SBP). Fetuses with growth restriction (FGR) may be either SGA or appropriate size for gestational age at birth. However, it is not known which factors contributing to size at birth influence the relationship with SBP. Aim. To determine whether antenatal markers of FGR can predict the upper quartile of childhood SBP. Methods: Brachial SBP was measured for 75 children aged 3-6 years from the Manchester BabyGRO Study, using a Tensiomed®Arteriograph with a child-sized cuff. SBP quartiles were generated. Participants were born to mothers who had attended a specialised clinic, following identification of higher FGR risk based on abnormal maternal serology (pregnancy associated plasma protein-A, β-human chorionic gonadotrophin, α-fetoprotein, Inhibin-A). Antenatal ultrasound data at 23 weeks gestation were obtained. Uterine artery Doppler (UtAD) notching was assigned a rank (0=absent, 1=unilateral, 2=bilateral). Random forest (RF) is a machine learning approach that generates many independent, uncorrelated decision trees based on multiple variables. This was used to determine the relative importance of antenatal variables in prediction of upper quartile of childhood SBP. Variables included in the model were maternal body mass index (BMI), parity, ethnicity (black/white/asian/mixed), maternal SBP and diastolic BP (DBP), maternal serology relating to FGR risk, UtAD pulsatility index, resistance index and notching rank (all measures of uteroplacental blood flow resistance), placental size measurements, 23 week estimated fetal weight (EFW) centile, ∆23w EFW-birthweight centile and birthweight SDS. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was generated, providing an area under the curve (AUC). A variable of importance (VIP) score was calculated for each marker that was significant in the model. All analyses were conducted in R (version 3.6). Results: RF analysis demonstrated antenatal markers relating to FGR risk predict the upper quartile of childhood SBP with an AUC 0.97. The top five ranked variables were maternal DBP (VIP score 14.0), birthweight SDS (11.5), parity (9.9), notching rank (9.5) and ∆23w EFW-birthweight centile (9.1). Conclusion: Maternal and antenatal markers, as well as birthweight SDS are linked with the upper quartile of SBP at 3-6 years. Antenatal markers were within the top five ranked and could help identify those babies at risk of higher SBP in childhood.
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Ghidiu, Gerald M. « Cabbage Insect Control, 1986 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, no 1 (1 janvier 1987) : 101–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.101.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract ‘Ranger’ cabbage were seeded into a Sassafras sandy loam field on 29 Jul. Plots consisted of a single row 25-ft long and 5-ft wide replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design; a guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were applied with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer with a drop nozzle on either side of the row and one centered over the row calibrated to deliver 60 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. Treatments were applied 3, 10 Sep and 3 Oct. Evaluations for the various treatments included direct larval counts per 10 plants (23 Sep, 10 Oct), foliage injury ratings (expressed as % defoliation, 13 Sep), % marketable heads (clean heads with at least two undamaged wrapper leaves, 20 Oct), and head weight (24 Oct).
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Ghidiu, Gerald M. « Biological Insecticides to Control Cabbage Insect Pests, 1987 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, no 1 (1 janvier 1988) : 94a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.94a.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract ‘Ranger’ cabbage were seeded into a Sassafras sandy loam field on 7 Aug. Plots consisted of a single row 25 ft long and 5 ft wide, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design; a guard row buffered each treated row. Treatments were applied with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer with a drop nozzle on either side of the row and one centered over the row calibrated to deliver 60 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. Treatments were applied 9, 17, and 23 Sep and 5 Oct. Evaluations for the various treatments included direct larval counts per 10 plants (15 Sep, 8 Oct), foliage injury ratings (expressed as percent defoliation, 25 Sep) and percent marketable heads (clean heads with at least 2 undamaged wrapper leaves, 26 Oct).
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Ren, Linjie, Guobin Lin, Yuanzhe Zhao et Zhiming Liao. « Smart Collaborative Performance-Induced Parameter Identification Algorithms for Synchronous Reluctance Machine Magnetic Model ». Sustainability 13, no 8 (14 avril 2021) : 4379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084379.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In rail transit traction, due to the remarkable energy-saving and low-cost characteristics, synchronous reluctance motors (SynRM) may be a potential substitute for traditional AC motors. However, in the parameter extraction of SynRM nonlinear magnetic model, the accuracy and robustness of the metaheuristic algorithm is restricted by the excessive dependence on fitness evaluation. In this paper, a novel probability-driven smart collaborative performance (SCP) is defined to quantify the comprehensive contribution of candidate solution in current population. With the quantitative results of SCP as feedback in-formation, an algorithm updating mechanism with improved evolutionary quality is established. The allocation of computing resources induced by SCP achieves a good balance between exploration and exploitation. Comprehensive experiment results demonstrate better effectiveness of SCP-induced algorithms to the proposed synchronous reluctance machine magnetic model. Accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithms are ranked first in the comparison result statistics with other well-known algorithms.
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Dellinger, Andrew E., Andrew B. Nixon et Herbert Pang. « Integrative Pathway Analysis Using Graph-Based Learning with Applications to TCGA Colon and Ovarian Data ». Cancer Informatics 13s4 (janvier 2014) : CIN.S13634. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s13634.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Recent method development has included multi-dimensional genomic data algorithms because such methods have more accurately predicted clinical phenotypes related to disease. This study is the first to conduct an integrative genomic pathway-based analysis with a graph-based learning algorithm. The methodology of this analysis, graph-based semi-supervised learning, detects pathways that improve prediction of a dichotomous variable, which in this study is cancer stage. This analysis integrates genome-level gene expression, methylation, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data in serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV) and colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). The top 10 ranked predictive pathways in COAD and OV were biologically relevant to their respective cancer stages and significantly enhanced prediction accuracy and area under the ROC curve (AUC) when compared to single data-type analyses. This method is an effective way to simultaneously predict binary clinical phenotypes and discover their biological mechanisms.
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Li, Bo, Fang Huang, Shuai Chang et Ning Sun. « The Variations of Satellite-Based Ecosystem Water Use and Carbon Use Efficiency and Their Linkages with Climate and Human Drivers in the Songnen Plain, China ». Advances in Meteorology 2019 (28 avril 2019) : 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8659138.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ecosystem water use efficiency (WUE) and carbon use efficiency (CUE), as two of the most important ecological indicators of an ecosystem, represent the carbon assimilation rate of unit water consumption and the capacity of transferring carbon from the atmosphere to potential carbon sinks. Revealing WUE and CUE changes and their impact factors is vital for regional carbon-water interactions and carbon budget assessment. Climate affects carbon and water processes differently. Compared to WUE, the variations in CUE in response to climate factors and human activity remain inadequately understood. In this study, ecosystem-level WUE and CUE variations in the Songnen Plain (SNP), Northeast China, during 2001–2015, were investigated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. The relationships between WUE, CUE, main climate factors, and human impacts were explored. The results showed that ecosystem WUE and CUE have fluctuated over time, with regional average values of 1.319 gC·kg−1H2O and 0.516, respectively. Deciduous broad-leaved forests had the highest average WUE but the lowest CUE. The multiyear average CUE of grassland ranked in first place, while the lowest WUE indicated that a lesser capacity of net productivity was generated by the use of limited water supply. WUE and CUE showed a downward trend in most areas of the SNP, indicating that the carbon sequestration capacity of the terrestrial ecosystem became weaker in the past 15 years. Annual precipitation and relative humidity had positive influences on WUE and CUE in more than 60% of the study area. The total annual sunshine duration and annual average temperature negatively affected WUE and CUE in most areas. Human activities had a positive effect on ecosystem WUE changes in the SNP but might inhibit CUE variations. Our findings aid in understanding the biological regulation mechanisms of carbon-water cycle coupling and provide a scientific basis for formulating sustainable regional development strategies and guiding water and land resources management.
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Muratova, Nataliia, Anastasiya Fedotova et Julia Shamsutdinova. « Results of joint observations with solar spectropolarimeter of meter range wavelengths and other instruments ». Solar-Terrestrial Physics 8, no 1 (25 mars 2022) : 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-81202203.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Solar radiation is emitted in the wide frequency range from gamma to radio emission. Hence, joint observations from different instruments and frequency ranges let us to complete full representation of the evolution of solar events and confirm authenticity of data from specific instruments. In this article, we present comparative analysis data from Solar Spectropolarimeter of Meter Range wavelengths (SSMD) and other instruments. For the investigation we have chosen three solar events registered with SSMD in 2019: type III radio bursts on May 6 from 05:05 UT to 05:12 UT, type II radio bursts on May 6 from 05:12 UT to 05:19 UT, and type III radio bursts on April 14 from 05:03 UT to 05:21 UT. For comparison we apply data from the following instruments: SSMD, SRH (Siberian Radioheliograph), SDO/AIA (Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)), Wind/WAVES (WAVES investigation on the WIND spacecraft), ground-based spectropolarimeter AMATERAS, spacecraft GOES-14. As a result, we can conclude that they are in good correlation with each other and correspond to outstanding characteristics for each event. The investigation also confirms the SSMD data authenticity.
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Sriningsih, Ni Nyoman, Ketut Sarjana, Laila Hayati et Sudi Prayitno. « Analisis Kemampuan Literasi Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII SMP dalam Menyelesaikan Soal-Soal Model PISA ». Griya Journal of Mathematics Education and Application 2, no 1 (30 mars 2022) : 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/griya.v2i1.134.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study aims to determine the mathematical literacy ability of class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Mataram students in solving PISA model questions for the 2020/2021 school year. This type of research is qualitative research. The population in this study were all eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Mataram. The sampling technique used purposive sampling in order to obtain a sample with students ranked 1, 2 and 3. The data collection technique used a mathematical literacy test in the form of descriptions and interviews. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis and Aiken's V content validity test analysis. The results of this study showed that the mathematical literacy skills of SMP Negeri 1 Mataram students were still relatively low. Furthermore, it is studied based on level, students excel at level 1 with the highest percentage of 100% and less at level 6 with a percentage of 0%.
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Li, Wentao, Lin Zhang, Binbin Liu et Huaying Cao. « The Impact of Negative Interpersonal Life Events on Social Adaptation of Chinese College Students : Mediator Effect of Self-Esteem ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 41, no 5 (1 juin 2013) : 705–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2013.41.5.705.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this study, we investigated the source and impact of negative interpersonal life events confronted by 210 Chinese college students, and discussed the mediator role of self-esteem. We collected data using the Self-Esteem Scale, the Loneliness Scale (LS), the Self-Report Depression Scale, the Social Avoidance Scale, and the Interpersonal Negative Life Events Scale. The results showed that: (1) According to the occurrence rate and the stress index of interpersonal negative life events, the following events ranked in the top three: “having a weak social network”, “reducing or losing contact with good friends”, and “being nervous or silent with unfamiliar people”. (2) Self-esteem partly mediated the impact of negative interpersonal life events on negative emotions such as depression and loneliness, and fully mediated the impact of interpersonal negative life events on social avoidance.
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Przychodzen, Bartlomiej P., Monika Jasek, Sandra P. Smieszek, Anna Malgorzata Jankowska, Christine O’Keefe, Ronald Paquette et Jaroslaw P. Maciejewski. « Whole Genome Scanning in Aplastic Anemia Indicates That Polymorphisms in CD33 and Other Loci Can Constitute Predisposition Factors in This Disease ». Blood 112, no 11 (16 novembre 2008) : 3095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v112.11.3095.3095.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract While immune mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of idiopathic aplastic anemia (AA), the discovery of telomerase machinery mutations in a minority of patients with a not easily discernable phenotype illustrates that polygenic, low penetrance traits may exist and contribute to increased risk for this disease in certain individuals. However, due to the impact of exogenous factors and the low prevalence of AA, this disease is not easily amenable to genetic studies. With the advent of whole genome scanning (WGS) technologies such as SNP arrays (SNP-A), large scale investigations in various disorders have been conducted. We have applied SNP-A to conduct the first GWAS in AA with the goal to identify possible low prevalence genetic variants that contribute to the pathogenesis and explain individual disease risk. We have studied 128 patients with AA and PNH and 119 controls using SNP-A. Affymetrix GeneChip 6.0 (924644 SNP probes covering most known LD blocks) was designed to capture 67%–89% of SNP variation among Caucasians. Following exclusion of SNPs with a call rate of <95%, and those with serious violation of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, single allele χ2 statistics for all autosomal markers was performed. For the purpose of this study, SNPs with a minor allele frequency (MAF) <10% and p<0.001 after false discovery rate correction were selected, whereby all SNP were used multi-variedly to predict disease association. Application of the Benjamini-Hochberg strategy more closely reflects complex polygenic traits. The top 85 SNPs (ranked by p-value) were chosen for further analysis. Our investigations focused on 5 SNPs which pointed directly to 2 genes or indirectly to informative loci through LD, including CD33 and TCF7. For instance, a minor allele (rs3972624, rs17167302, p<5.69×10−5) of TCF7 is present in a heterozygous and homozygous constellation in patients at 19% and 3% (vs. 3.7% and 0% of controls). TCF7 can bind the enhancer element of TCRα and is preferentially expressed in cells polarized to the Th1 direction. Polymorphism in the TCF7 gene was reported to be associated with type-1 diabetes, which is a disease with dominating Th1 phenotype. Furthermore, TCF7 is a member of the WNT-β-catenin LEF1/TCF7 pathway with a known role in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells. Increased minor allele frequency of rs1803254, rs9676731, rs1501449 in the CD33 locus, already part of a LD block, was homozygous and heterozygous at 3.4% vs. 0% and 24.8% vs. 7.9% (p<7.1×10−5) in patients and controls, respectively. To further confirm this genetic link, we have investigated the frequency of this polymorphism using an independent set of controls (N=1658) and an overlapping group of patients (12 additional and 52 6.0 array-studied patients). This analysis provided technical validation of genotyping calls in 100% repetitive samples and confirmed the allelic frequency of this SNP in AA at 14.9% vs. 4.5% in controls (p<4×10−5). This marker (rs1803254), representing itself as a genetic proxy, points toward an informative locus in exon 7 of the CD33 gene. CD33 is cell-surface glycoprotein that is specific for the myeloid lineage. It was reported that expression frequencies of CD33 were significantly reduced in AA bone marrow, in comparison to normal bone marrow. In vitro experiments indicate that CD33 may act as an inhibitory receptor and anti-CD33 antibody can induce apoptosis in AML cells. In sum, our study constitutes one of highest resolution investigations into susceptibility loci in AA. Our results point towards a number of interesting genetic disease-associations in AA which are currently being investigated through sequencing of corresponding loci in larger independent cohorts of patients.
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Waggenspack, Beth M., et Wayne E. Hensley. « PERCEPTION OF THE ARGUMENTATIVENESS TRAIT IN INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIP SITUATIONS ». Social Behavior and Personality : an international journal 17, no 1 (1 janvier 1989) : 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1989.17.1.111.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The desired association with argumentative or nonargumentative individuals in interpersonal relationships was assessed utilizing the Infante and Rancer (1982) scale of argumentativeness. Seven potential areas of social interaction were presented to college students (N = 420) to judge their likelihood of desired interaction with an argumentative or nonargumentative person. Factor analysis revealed two primary dimensions: “social-emotional,“ involving heavy reliance on social interaction, and “negotiator/ombudsman,” requiring interaction where one might serve as agent for another. Results indicated that these two dimensions account for almost half (48%) the variance of the decisional structure used in opting to associate with argumentative or nonargumentative others. There was a preference for association with a nonargumentative person in situations, which are low in conflict and nonaggressive. Also, males and females respond in a similar fashion in reporting their preferences to associate with argumentative or nonargumentative persons in various interpersonal situations.
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Ghidiu, Gerald M. « Biological Insecticides to Control Cabbage Insect Pests, 1986 ». Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, no 1 (1 janvier 1987) : 100–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.100.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Ranger’ cabbage were seeded on 29 Jul to a Sassafras sandy loam field. Plots were single rows 25-ft long and 5-ft wide replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design; a guard row buffered each treated row, Sprays were applied with a tractor-mounted boom sprayer with one drop nozzle on either side of the row and one nozzle over the center calibrated to deliver 60 gal/acre at 40 psi operated at 2 mph. Treatments were applied on 4, 11 Sep and 8 Oct. Number of larvae/10 plants was recorded on 18 Sep and 16 Oct. Foliage injury ratings were recorded on 13 Sep and are expressed as % defoliation. Yield (% marketable heads) were taken on 20 Oct and defined as cabbage heads with no visible feeding and having at least two undamaged wrapper leaves. Ten cabbage heads from each treatment were harvested and weighed on 24 Oct to determine weight/head (lb).
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Nguyen, Viet T., Sy T. Do, Nhat M. Vo, Thu A. Nguyen et Son V. H. Pham. « An Analysis of Construction Failure Factors to Stakeholder Coordinating Performance in the Finishing Phase of High-Rise Building Projects ». Advances in Civil Engineering 2020 (28 décembre 2020) : 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6633958.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A poorly coordinated performance among stakeholders in the finishing phase can impair the performance of a high-rise building project. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze construction failure factors (CFFs) to stakeholder coordinating performance (SCP) in the finishing phase of high-rise building projects and to uncover their underlying relationships. CFFs to SCP in construction projects, especially in the finishing phase of high-rise building projects, have not yet been discovered. The study identified 30 CFFs to the SCP and ranked them according to the perspective of the stakeholders, including owners/consultants and contractors/subcontractors. Additionally, four factors of the CFFs, namely, traditional adversarial relationship, poor project planning and organization, incompetent parties, and delays of parties toward construction works were extracted by the factor analysis method. This study fills the gap in knowledge related to the coordination performance in construction projects. The findings could help stakeholders to enhance their coordinating performance in high-rise building projects.
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Meadus, William, Pascale Duff, Manuel Juarez, Jordan Roberts et Jennifer Zantinge. « Identification of Marbling Gene Loci in Commercial Pigs in Canadian Herds ». Agriculture 8, no 8 (3 août 2018) : 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture8080122.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed on the intramuscular fat percentage in pork chops in commercially available swine in Canada. The Duroc, Iberian, Lacombe, Berkshire, and Pietrain breeds were crossed with Large White sows, and their F1 offspring were ranked according to the intramuscular fat percentage (IMF %) obtained in their longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle loin chops. The ideal IMF % is considered to be >3%, whereas the average is ~1.5% in North American pork. The genetics of the top 10% and bottom 10% from our sample population were analysed by using 80,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarrays in the GWAS. Our sample population had an average IMF % of 2.5 ± 0.7%, but some pork achieved >7% IMF. GWAS analysis revealed SNP markers which were associated with the highest marbled pork chops on chromosomes 5, 7, and 16. Using the Sus scrofa/ susScr 11.1 map, we determined that the nearest genes were sarcospan (SSPN), Rh-associated glycoprotein (RHAG), and EGF-like fibronectin and laminin G (EGFLAM), which can be linked with muscular dystrophy disorders. We tested a subpopulation of Duroc-sired animals and found a different set of markers close to glycine receptor beta (GRLB) and potassium channel 3 (KCNJ3) on chromosomes 8 and 15. Based on our results, we could achieve pork with a good IMF of >4% from animals commercially bred and raised to standard market weights of 110 kg. The choice of obtaining a good marbling line of pigs is not necessarily breed-specific, but it is line-specific.
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Муратова, Наталия, Nataliia Muratova, Анатолий Муратов, Anatoliy Muratov, Лариса Кашапова et Larisa Kashapova. « Results of work of new spectropolarimeter for solar radio emission observations in the range 50–500 MHz ». Solar-Terrestrial Physics 5, no 3 (30 septembre 2019) : 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-53201901.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ground-based observations within meter radio range are of importance for understanding processes occurring in the solar corona.
We present concepts, block diagram, and results of first observations of the Solar Spectropolarimeter of Meter Range (SSMD), launched for solar observations in the range 50–500 MHz in April 2016. The main purpose of this work was to develop an up-to-date digital radio spectropolarimeter able to record the full Stokes vector for sporadic solar phenomena taking place in the 50–500 MHz range.
We use a crossed log periodic antenna to detect solar radio emission. This antenna can simultaneously obtain horizontal and vertical polarization components. The main part of SSMD is a digital receiver based on an FX correlator architecture. We use the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithm based on the real-time pipeline circuit to construct amplitude dynamic spectra (intensity vs frequency and time).
SSMD has 4608 frequency channels with 97.66 kHz channel bandwidth and 97.66 kHz spacing. Time resolution is 1 s. The spectropolarimeter has a 50–500 MHz range. It can record the full Stokes vector. At present, SSMD observes two of four parameters in regular mode (I and V). We have observational data since 2016. The catalog development is in progress.
We plan to improve time and frequency characteristics, record all Stokes parameters, and conduct a calibration. We are working on providing access to the data archive via the Internet.
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Russom, Geoffrey. « Optimality Theory, Language Typology, and Universalist Metrics ». Studia Metrica et Poetica 5, no 1 (5 août 2018) : 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/smp.2018.5.1.01.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In Russom (2011), I defended a universalist hypothesis that the constituents of poetic form are abstracted from natural linguistic constituents: metrical positions from phonological constituents, usually syllables; metrical feet from morphological constituents, usually words; and metrical lines from syntactic constituents, usually sentences. An important corollary to this hypothesis is that norms for realization of a metrical constituent are based on norms for the corresponding linguistic constituent. Optimality Theory provides a universalist account of relevant linguistic norms and deals effectively with situations in which norms conflict, employing ranked violable rules. Language Typology provides a universalist account of relevant syntactic norms. In this paper I integrate these independently grounded methodologies and use them to explain the distribution of constituents within the line, identifying a variety of important facts that seem to have escaped previous notice. Universalist claims are tested against meters from each of the major language types: subject-verb-object (SVO), subject-object-verb (SOV) and verb-subject-object (VSO). My findings are incompatible with the claim that “lines are sequences of syllables, rather than of words or phrases” (Fabb, Halle 2008: 11).
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Balogun, A. O., A. O. Bajeh, H. A. Mojeed et A. G. Akintola. « Software defect prediction : A multi-criteria decision-making approach ». Nigerian Journal of Technological Research 15, no 1 (30 avril 2020) : 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njtr.v15i1.7.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Failure of software systems as a result of software testing is very much rampant as modern software systems are large and complex. Software testing which is an integral part of the software development life cycle (SDLC), consumes both human and capital resources. As such, software defect prediction (SDP) mechanisms are deployed to strengthen the software testing phase in SDLC by predicting defect prone modules or components in software systems. Machine learning models are used for developing the SDP models with great successes achieved. Moreover, some studies have highlighted that a combination of machine learning models as a form of an ensemble is better than single SDP models in terms of prediction accuracy. However, the efficiency of machine learning models can change with diverse predictive evaluation metrics. Thus, more studies are needed to establish the effectiveness of ensemble SDP models over single SDP models. This study proposes the deployment of Multi-Criteria Decision Method (MCDM) techniques to rank machine learning models. Analytic Network Process (ANP) and Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) which are types of MCDM techniques are deployed on 9 machine learning models with 11 performance evaluation metrics and 11 software defects datasets. The experimental results showed that ensemble SDP models are best appropriate SDP models as Boosted SMO and Boosted PART ranked highest for each of the MCDM techniques. Besides, the experimental results also validated the stand of not considering accuracy as the only performance evaluation metrics for SDP models. Conclusively, more performance metrics other than predictive accuracy should be considered when ranking and evaluating machine learning models.
Keywords: Ensemble; Multi-Criteria Decision Method; Software Defect Prediction
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Bari, Samira Faiz, Hamid Jamal Siddiqui, Farhan Muhammad Qureshi, Sehrish Zahra, Muhammad Tahir et Saba Rizwan. « Patient Satisfaction with Inpatient Hospital Services : A Cross Sectional Survey of Admitted Patients of Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantt, Karachi ». Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal 72, no 2 (1 mai 2022) : 585–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v72i2.4140.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Objective: To assess the level of satisfaction regarding the admission process, treatment process, nursing care and general support services amid patients admitted in various hospital departments.
Study Design: Hospital-based cross-sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantt, from Oct 2018 to Sep 2019.
Methodology: Data was collected from 522 participants. An inpatient feedback form was used to assess satisfaction among admitted patients.
Result: Out of 522, 256 (49%) participants ranked health care facilities as excellent and199 (38%) participants ranked health care facilities as good. Out of 53 (10%) participants were satisfied, while only 16 (3%) were discontented with current hospital facilities.
Conclusion: This survey has provided deep insight into the contemporary health care services of the hospital. Being a costeffective organization, CMH Malir Cantt has delivered excellent quality care to patients through continuous efforts towards betterment in every discipline deemed to the medical facility.
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Mikhailova, Olga, Dmitri Klimushkin et Pavel Mager. « The current state of the theory of Pc1 range ULF pulsations in magnetospheric plasma with heavy ions : A review ». Solar-Terrestrial Physics 8, no 1 (25 mars 2022) : 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-81202201.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The review considers the current state of the theory of short-period ULF waves in plasma with admixture of heavy ions (ions whose mass significantly exceeds the mass of protons). The presence of heavy ions influences the spectrum and propagation characteristics of waves in Pc1 range. We examine elements of the theory of quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular short-period ULF waves. It is usually suggested that quasi-parallel ion-cyclotron waves have a left circular polarization. Quasi-perpendicular ion-ion hybrid waves have linear polarization and can be poloidal and toroidal. We discuss the theory of an equatorial resonator for Pc1 waves and determine its size from the density of heavy ions. In the radial direction, the waves can be locked in the vicinity of the plasmapause or in the region of a local minimum in the density of heavy ions. The equatorial resonator for arbitrary values of the wave vector components is considered. We note that ion-ion hybrid waves, in contrast to Alfvén waves, have a large parallel component of the magnetic field.
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Balogun, Abdullateef O., Shuib Basri, Luiz Fernando Capretz, Saipunidzam Mahamad, Abdullahi A. Imam, Malek A. Almomani, Victor E. Adeyemo et Ganesh Kumar. « An Adaptive Rank Aggregation-Based Ensemble Multi-Filter Feature Selection Method in Software Defect Prediction ». Entropy 23, no 10 (29 septembre 2021) : 1274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23101274.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Feature selection is known to be an applicable solution to address the problem of high dimensionality in software defect prediction (SDP). However, choosing an appropriate filter feature selection (FFS) method that will generate and guarantee optimal features in SDP is an open research issue, known as the filter rank selection problem. As a solution, the combination of multiple filter methods can alleviate the filter rank selection problem. In this study, a novel adaptive rank aggregation-based ensemble multi-filter feature selection (AREMFFS) method is proposed to resolve high dimensionality and filter rank selection problems in SDP. Specifically, the proposed AREMFFS method is based on assessing and combining the strengths of individual FFS methods by aggregating multiple rank lists in the generation and subsequent selection of top-ranked features to be used in the SDP process. The efficacy of the proposed AREMFFS method is evaluated with decision tree (DT) and naïve Bayes (NB) models on defect datasets from different repositories with diverse defect granularities. Findings from the experimental results indicated the superiority of AREMFFS over other baseline FFS methods that were evaluated, existing rank aggregation based multi-filter FS methods, and variants of AREMFFS as developed in this study. That is, the proposed AREMFFS method not only had a superior effect on prediction performances of SDP models but also outperformed baseline FS methods and existing rank aggregation based multi-filter FS methods. Therefore, this study recommends the combination of multiple FFS methods to utilize the strength of respective FFS methods and take advantage of filter–filter relationships in selecting optimal features for SDP processes.
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Kapustová, Mária, Róbert Sobota et Martin Necpal. « The Influence of Technological Parameters on Drawing Force at Cold Drawing of Steel Tubes Using FEM Simulation ». Solid State Phenomena 294 (juillet 2019) : 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.294.124.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The process of cold die drawing of tubes is ranked among frequently used methods of production of seamless tubes and is performed in drawing tool which is characterized by simple design. Shape and dimensions of the drawing tool depend on tube reduction degree, i. e. on original diameter of initial tube and final internal diameter of the tube. Tube wall thickness is not determined by any tool. The technology of cold die drawing of tubes is influenced by various process parameters, i.e. geometry of the die itself, strain degree and strain rate, force conditions, conditions of friction, method of lubrication and the type of used lubricant. The contribution is concerned with evaluation of influence of the selected process parameters using FEM simulation. Designed graphs illustrate the impact of coefficient of friction and reduction cone of drawing tool on the size of drawing force.
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Mo, Wenju, Yuqin Ding, Shuai Zhao, Dehong Zou et Xiaowen Ding. « Identification of a 6-gene signature for the survival prediction of breast cancer patients based on integrated multi-omics data analysis ». PLOS ONE 15, no 11 (10 novembre 2020) : e0241924. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0241924.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose To identify a gene signature for the prognosis of breast cancer using high-throughput analysis. Methods RNASeq, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), copy number variation (CNV) data and clinical follow-up information were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and randomly divided into training set or verification set. Genes related to breast cancer prognosis and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with CNV or SNP were screened from training set, then integrated together for feature selection of identify robust biomarkers using RandomForest. Finally, a gene-related prognostic model was established and its performance was verified in TCGA test set, Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation set and breast cancer subtypes. Results A total of 2287 prognosis-related genes, 131 genes with amplified copy numbers, 724 gens with copy number deletions, and 280 genes with significant mutations screened from Genomic Variants were closely correlated with the development of breast cancer. A total of 120 candidate genes were obtained by integrating genes from Genomic Variants and those related to prognosis, then 6 characteristic genes (CD24, PRRG1, IQSEC3, MRGPRX, RCC2, and CASP8) were top-ranked by RandomForest for feature selection, noticeably, several of these have been previously reported to be associated with the progression of breast cancer. Cox regression analysis was performed to establish a 6-gene signature, which can stratify the risk of samples from training set, test set and external validation set, moreover, the five-year survival AUC of the model in the training set and validation set was both higher than 0.65. Thus, the 6-gene signature developed in the current study could serve as an independent prognostic factor for breast cancer patients. Conclusion This study constructed a 6-gene signature as a novel prognostic marker for predicting the survival of breast cancer patients, providing new diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for breast cancer patients.
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Nasution, Syaiful Hamzah, Zulian Putri Rahmawati, Aizzatul Masruroh et Achriani Galuh Anjarini. « Eksplorasi Pemberian Kartu Masalah untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Numerasi Siswa Kelas VII SMP Negeri 1 Pakis ». Jurnal Tadris Matematika 5, no 1 (29 juin 2022) : 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.21274/jtm.2022.5.1.59-70.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The results of the 2018 PISA test show that Indonesian students' math ability scores are ranked 7th from the bottom. This shows that the numeracy skills of Indonesian students are low. Based on an interview with one of the teachers at SMP Negeri 1 Pakis, information was obtained that the numeracy skills of students at SMP Negeri 1 Pakis were low. This is due to students' lack of numeracy questions, and teachers often give routine questions requiring procedural skills. This is a classroom action research that explores the teacher's actions to improve the numeracy skills of seventh-grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Pakis Malang by giving problem cards. The research subjects were 32 Class VII D students of SMP Negeri 1 Pakis Malang in the academic year 2021/2022. The research instruments include lesson plans, problem cards, test questions, observation sheets, interview guidelines, and field notes. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, presenting data, and drawing conclusions and verification. The results showed an increase in students with a KKM score of 30.77% and Classical Learning Completeness of 26.26%. The study shows that giving problem cards can improve students' numeracy skills. Through the Problem Card, students are allowed to write down the information asked in their language and are given guidance/instructions to solve the given problem.
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McLoughlin, Sinead, et Cathal McCrory. « 208 Life Course Socioeconomic Position and Allostatic Load Burden ». Age and Ageing 48, Supplement_3 (septembre 2019) : iii17—iii65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afz103.126.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract Background Allostatic load (AL) is a measure of cumulative physiological dysregulation that is posited to capture the ‘wear and tear’ on the body resulting from exposure to chronic stress. AL has been shown to predict disease, morbidity and mortality. Multiple studies have shown an inverse relationship between AL and SEP, but few have examined the life course social patterning of AL. Methods Using baseline data from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), an AL index was calculated by summing the number of biomarkers for which respondents fell within high risk quartiles. 17 biomarkers were examined, representing cardiovascular, immune, metabolic and parasympathetic nervous systems. SEP and life course trajectories were determined using father’s occupation (at age 14) and current occupation, which were aggregated to create four categories of social mobility; stable high, downwardly mobile, upwardly mobile and stable low. Negative binomial regression models were fitted for each of the life course models of critical period, accumulation and social mobility, to examine the associations between SEP and AL (n=3,282). Results Higher SEP was associated with lower AL. A significant association between origin SEP and later life remained after controlling for destination SEP. The ‘stable high’ across the life course had the lowest AL burden, the ‘stable low’ had the highest burden, and the mobile groups ranked intermediate. Conclusion Findings suggest childhood to be a sensitive period for the embedding of early life disadvantage. The accumulation hypothesis suggests that those who spend more time disadvantaged fair worse in terms of health. This study supports this hypothesis, as those who were stable low / stable high were in the worst / best health respectively.
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Figueiredo, Cláudia Roberta Leite Vieira. « A ira dos anjos : uma análise psicológica e jurídica da alienação parental ». JURIS - Revista da Faculdade de Direito 27, no 2 (1 décembre 2017) : 119–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/juris.v27i2.7098.
Texte intégralRésumé :
A síndrome de alienação parental (SAP) consiste num termo cunhado pelo psiquiatra norte-americano Richard Gardner, que a descreveu como um distúrbio infantil que acometia crianças e adolescentes envolvidos em situações de disputa de guarda judicial entre os pais. A SAP insere-se no contexto do Poder Judiciário em muitos casos de separação ou divórcio, quando marcas nocivas são deixadas em um dos cônjuges, o qual alimenta sentimentos de rancor, levando-o a criar falsas situações a partir de pensamentos irracionais, manipulando os filhos para que também desenvolvam sentimentos negativos em relação ao outro genitor, com objetivo de afastá-los totalmente de sua convivência com este. As discussões jurídicas em torno da SAP envolvem diversas ciências, especialmente a psicologia e a psiquiatria. No Brasil desde agosto de 2010, a Lei 12.318/2010 conceitua e reconhece a alienação parental (AP) e a SAP, alocando-as definitivamente no direito brasileiro. A Lei prevê sanções ao genitor que causar impedimentos à convivência do(s) filho(s) com o outro responsável. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo descortinar a SAP sob uma ótica multidisciplinar, abordando seus mais relevantes aspectos psicológicos e suas repercussões no âmbito jurídico.
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Yagova, Nadezhda, Olga Kozyreva et Nataliya Nosikova. « Geomagnetic pulsations in 1–4 mHz frequency range (Pc5/Pi3) in the magnetotail at different levels of disturbances in the interplanetary medium ». Solar-Terrestrial Physics 8, no 2 (30 juin 2022) : 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/stp-82202212.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this paper, we study parameters of geomagnetic pulsations in the 1–4 mHz frequency range (Pc5/Pi3) in the magnetotail, utilizing data obtained by Cluster satellites at different levels of fluctuations in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and the solar wind dynamic pressure in 2016. Particular attention is given to the conditions of “zero” disturbance when amplitudes of fluctuations in the interplanetary medium are smaller compared to their typical values. Both under quiet and disturbed conditions, waves of different spatial scales are recorded, with the occurrence rate of large-scale waves increasing under undisturbed conditions. Amplitudes of the large-scale waves occurring in the magnetotail under low intensity of fluctuations outside the magnetosphere are from few tenths to a few nanoteslas (nT), and their power is approximately equal in longitudinal and transverse components. Presumably, these waves are magnetotail eigen-modes.