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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Slope inequality »

Auteur : Grafiati

Publié le 9 mars 2023

Mis à jour le 10 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Slope inequality"

Moreno-Betancur, Margarita, Aurélien Latouche, Gwenn Menvielle, Anton E. Kunst et Grégoire Rey. « Relative Index of Inequality and Slope Index of Inequality ». Epidemiology 26, n^o 4 (juillet 2015) : 518–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ede.0000000000000311.

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Bellec, Pierre C., Joseph Salmon et Samuel Vaiter. « A sharp oracle inequality for Graph-Slope ». Electronic Journal of Statistics 11, n^o 2 (2017) : 4851–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/17-ejs1364.

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Miyachi, Hideki, et Hiroshige Shiga. « Holonomies and the slope inequality of Lefschetz fibrations ». Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 139, n^o 04 (1 avril 2011) : 1299. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-2010-10563-4.

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Zhang, Tong. « Slope inequality for families of curves over surfaces ». Mathematische Annalen 371, n^o 3-4 (18 mai 2017) : 1095–136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-017-1551-1.

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Ciotti, Luca, et Lucia Morganti. « How general is the global density slope-anisotropy inequality ? » Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 408, n^o 2 (4 août 2010) : 1070–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2010.17184.x.

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Van Hese, Emmanuel, Maarten Baes et Herwig Dejonghe. « ON THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE GLOBAL DENSITY SLOPE-ANISOTROPY INEQUALITY ». Astrophysical Journal 726, n^o 2 (17 décembre 2010) : 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/726/2/80.

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Prisk, G. Kim, Harold J. B. Guy, John B. West et James W. Reed. « Validation of measurements of ventilation-to-perfusion ratio inequality in the lung from expired gas ». Journal of Applied Physiology 94, n^o 3 (1 mars 2003) : 1186–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00662.2002.

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The analysis of the gas in a single expirate has long been used to estimate the degree of ventilation-perfusion (V˙a/Q˙) inequality in the lung. To further validate this estimate, we examined three measures ofV˙a/Q˙ inhomogeneity calculated from a single full exhalation in nine anesthetized mongrel dogs under control conditions and after exposure to aerosolized methacholine. These measurements were then compared with arterial blood gases and with measurements of V˙a/Q˙ inhomogeneity obtained using the multiple inert gas elimination technique. The slope of the instantaneous respiratory exchange ratio (R slope) vs. expired volume was poorly correlated with independent measures, probably because of the curvilinear nature of the relationship due to continuing gas exchange. When R was converted to the intrabreathV˙a/Q˙ (iV˙/Q˙), the best index was the slope of iV˙/Q˙ vs. volume over phase III (iV˙/Q˙slope). This was strongly correlated with independent measures, especially those relating to inhomogeneity of perfusion. The correlations for iV˙/Q˙ slope and R slope considerably improved when only the first half of phase III was considered. We conclude that a useful noninvasive measurement ofV˙a/Q˙ inhomogeneity can be derived from the intrabreath respiratory exchange ratio.

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Steinbeis, Fridolin, Dzintars Gotham, Peter von Philipsborn et Jan M. Stratil. « Quantifying changes in global health inequality : the Gini and Slope Inequality Indices applied to the Global Burden of Disease data, 1990–2017 ». BMJ Global Health 4, n^o 5 (septembre 2019) : e001500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001500.

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BackgroundThe major shifts in the global burden of disease over the past decades are well documented, but how these shifts have affected global inequalities in health remains an underexplored topic. We applied comprehensive inequality measures to data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.MethodsBetween-country relative inequality was measured by the population-weighted Gini Index, between-country absolute inequality was calculated using the population-weighted Slope Inequality Index (SII). Both were applied to country-level GBD data on age-standardised disability-adjusted life years.FindingsAbsolute global health inequality measured by the SII fell notably between 1990 (0.68) and 2017 (0.42), mainly driven by a decrease of disease burden due to communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional diseases (CMNN). By contrast, relative inequality remained essentially unchanged from 0.21 to 0.19 (1990–2017), with a peak of 0.23 (2000–2008). The main driver for the increase of relative inequality 1990–2008 was the HIV epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. Relative inequality increased 1990–2017 within each of the three main cause groups: CMNNs; non-communicable diseases (NCDs); and injuries.ConclusionsDespite considerable reductions in disease burden in 1990–2017 and absolute health inequality between countries, absolute and relative international health inequality remain high. The limited reduction of relative inequality has been largely due to shifts in disease burden from CMNNs and injuries to NCDs. If progress in the reduction of health inequalities is to be sustained beyond the global epidemiological transition, the fight against CMNNs and injuries must be joined by increased efforts for NCDs.

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Wang, Shuaiwen, Haolei Weng et Arian Maleki. « Does SLOPE outperform bridge regression ? » Information and Inference : A Journal of the IMA 11, n^o 1 (15 novembre 2021) : 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/imaiai/iaab025.

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Abstract A recently proposed SLOPE estimator [6] has been shown to adaptively achieve the minimax $\ell _2$ estimation rate under high-dimensional sparse linear regression models [25]. Such minimax optimality holds in the regime where the sparsity level $k$, sample size $n$ and dimension $p$ satisfy $k/p\rightarrow 0, k\log p/n\rightarrow 0$. In this paper, we characterize the estimation error of SLOPE under the complementary regime where both $k$ and $n$ scale linearly with $p$, and provide new insights into the performance of SLOPE estimators. We first derive a concentration inequality for the finite sample mean square error (MSE) of SLOPE. The quantity that MSE concentrates around takes a complicated and implicit form. With delicate analysis of the quantity, we prove that among all SLOPE estimators, LASSO is optimal for estimating $k$-sparse parameter vectors that do not have tied nonzero components in the low noise scenario. On the other hand, in the large noise scenario, the family of SLOPE estimators are sub-optimal compared with bridge regression such as the Ridge estimator.

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Freire, Maria do Carmo Matias, Lidia Moraes Ribeiro Jordão, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Silvânia Suely Caribé de Araújo Andrade et Marco Aurelio Peres. « Socioeconomic inequalities and changes in oral health behaviors among Brazilian adolescents from 2009 to 2012 ». Revista de Saúde Pública 49 (2015) : 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005562.

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OBJECTIVE To analyze oral health behaviors changes over time in Brazilian adolescents concerning maternal educational inequalities. METHODS Data from the Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (Brazilian National School Health Survey) were analyzed. The sample was composed of 60,973 and 61,145 students from 26 Brazilian state capitals and the Federal District in 2009 and 2012, respectively. The analyzed factors were oral health behaviors (toothbrushing frequency, sweets consumption, soft drink consumption, and cigarette experimentation) and sociodemographics (age, sex, race, type of school and maternal schooling). Oral health behaviors and sociodemographic factors in the two years were compared (Rao-Scott test) and relative and absolute measures of socioeconomic inequalities in health were estimated (slope index of inequality and relative concentration index), using maternal education as a socioeconomic indicator, expressed in number of years of study (> 11; 9-11; ≤ 8). RESULTS Results from 2012, when compared with those from 2009, for all maternal education categories, showed that the proportion of people with low toothbrushing frequency increased, and that consumption of sweets and soft drinks and cigarette experimentation decreased. In private schools, positive slope index of inequality and relative concentration index indicated higher soft drink consumption in 2012 and higher cigarette experimentation in both years among students who reported greater maternal schooling, with no significant change in inequalities. In public schools, negative slope index of inequality and relative concentration index indicated higher soft drink consumption among students who reported lower maternal schooling in both years, with no significant change overtime. The positive relative concentration index indicated inequality in 2009 for cigarette experimentation, with a higher prevalence among students who reported greater maternal schooling. There were no inequalities for toothbrushing frequency or sweets consumption. CONCLUSIONS There were changes in the prevalences of oral health behaviors during the analyzed period; however, these changes were not related to maternal education inequalities.

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Thèses sur le sujet "Slope inequality"

RIVA, ENEA. « Slope inequalities for fibred surfaces and fibreed threefolds ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/374266.

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Su una varieta algebrica fibrata si definesce un invariante relativo detto slope che ne specifica la natura. Per queste fibrazioni un ruolo importante è svolto del fibrato di Hodge e dagli invarianti geometrici delle fibre generiche. In particulare in questa tesi ci concentreremo su superfici e threefold fibrati su curve, dando un stima dal basso della slope che dipenda del rango unitario del fibrato di hodge e da: - indice di clifford cella curva generale, nel caso di superfici; -dal genere geometrico ($p_{g}$) della superficie generale nel caso di threefold. infine sfrutteremo i risultati ottenuti sui threefold per definere un upper bound del rango unitario $u_{f}$ in funzione di $p_{g}$ sotto l'ipotesi che il genere della curva base sia zero o uno.
On a fibred algebraic variety, is defined a relative invariant called slope which classifies the variety itself. For these fibration a main character is played by the Hodge bundle and by the geometric invariants of the general fibers. In particular in this thesis we focus on surfaces and threefolds fibred over curves, and we give a lower bound for the slope which depends on the unitary rank of the hodge bundle and on: -the clifford index of the general curve, in case of fibred surfaces; - the geometric genus ($p_{g}$) of the general surface, in case of threefolds. Finally we use these results on fibred threefolds to make a new upper bound for the unitary rank $u_{f}$ depending on $p_{g}$ under the hypothesis that the genus of the base curve is zero or one.

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Alves, Ronaldo Fernandes Santos. « Desigualdade socioeconômica e obesidade abdominal : uma apreciação crítica e pragmática em epidemiologia ». Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=8505.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Esta dissertação buscou uma apreciação crítica e pragmática da relação entre desigualdade socioeconômica e obesidade abdominal, em resposta a proposição internacional de monitoramento das desigualdades em saúde e a escassez de estudos desta natureza relativos à obesidade abdominal. Dois artigos foram elaborados a fim de estimar o grau de desigualdade educacional na ocorrência de obesidade abdominal e revisar os estudos de associação entre posição socioeconômica e obesidade abdominal. O primeiro artigo utilizou o índice angular de desigualdade e o índice relativo de desigualdade em dados seccionais de 3.117 participantes da linha de base do Estudo Pró-Saúde, 1999-2001, e o segundo artigo abarcou os resultados de estudos conduzidos em população adulta no Brasil. Os índices de desigualdade resumiram a tendência monotônica e inversa observada entre escolaridade e obesidade abdominal na população feminina, proporcionando estimativas quantitativas desta desigualdade (artigo 1). Em concordância, observou-se que a associação entre indicadores de posição socioeconômica e obesidade abdominal foi majoritariamente inversa entre as mulheres, principalmente com relação à escolaridade, e estatisticamente não significativa entre os homens (artigo 2). Tal cenário epidemiológico evidencia que a obesidade abdominal tem afetado desproporcionalmente as mulheres de posição socioeconômica mais baixa e que a desigualdade de gênero na prevalência de obesidade abdominal tende a aumentar com menor posição socioeconômica. Em suma, a presente dissertação visou à produção de conhecimento epidemiológico relevante ao enfrentamento das desigualdades em saúde, com o objetivo premente de subsidiar políticas públicas de fato realizáveis e individualmente aceitáveis.
This dissertation sought to a critical and pragmatic assessment of the relationship between socioeconomic inequality and abdominal obesity in response to international proposition of health inequalities monitoring and to lack of studies of this nature relating to abdominal obesity. Two articles were prepared to -estimate the level of educational inequality in the occurrence of abdominal obesity, and review the association studies between socioeconomic position and abdominal obesity. The first article used the slope index of inequality and the relative index of inequality in the sectional data of 3.117 participants in the baseline of the Pró-Saúde Study, 1999-2001; and the second article encompassed the results of the studies conducted in the adult population in Brazil. The inequality indexes summarized strictly monotonic and inverse trend between educational achievement and abdominal obesity in the female population, providing quantitative estimates of this inequality (Article 1). Accordingly, we found that the association between socioeconomic position indicators and abdominal obesity was mostly reversed among women, especially regarding education, and statistically not significant among men (Article 2). This epidemiological scenario shows that abdominal obesity has disproportionately affected women of the lower socioeconomic position, and gender inequality in the prevalence of abdominal obesity tends to increase with lower socioeconomic position. In short, this dissertation aimed at the production of relevant epidemiological knowledge to addressing health inequalities, with the targeted of subsidize public policies feasible and individually acceptable.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "Slope inequality"

Lapp, Douglas A., Tibor Marcinek et Sarah E. Lapp. « Active Learning and the Pythagorean Theorem Through Dynamic Geometry and Robotic Optimization ». Dans Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design, 75–103. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5920-1.ch005.

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This chapter examines the use of technology within an active learning environment. The case follows Kaitlyn, a first-year high school teacher, through a series of 3 lessons designed to develop the Pythagorean Theorem by way of an applied real-world problem involving a robotic rover. Technology is used to motivate students to want to make sense of the mathematics involved and discover patterns that they will later justify. Throughout the lessons, the students employ concepts from previous classes and integrate several mathematical ideas, including: the triangle inequality, function notation and multivariable functions, Pythagorean triples, the Pythagorean Theorem, and slope. As the lessons progresses, the reader is asked to reflect on both the mathematics and classroom practice and connect it to research on teaching and learning. The use of active learning, authenticity of tasks and questions, dynamically linked representations, and effective use of discourse routines are addressed.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Slope inequality"

Ciotti, L., L. Morganti, Giuseppe Bertin, Franca De Luca, Giuseppe Lodato, Roberto Pozzoli et Massimiliano Romé. « On the global density slope-anisotropy inequality ». Dans PLASMAS IN THE LABORATORY AND THE UNIVERSE : Interactions, Patterns, and Turbulence. AIP, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3460138.

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Huang, Kuo Jao, et Shou Ren Zhang. « A Finite Element Investigation to Modal and Dynamic Behaviors of Planetary Gearings Concerning the Effect of Bearing and Carrier Stiffnesses ». Dans ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47136.

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A finite element (FE) method is used to analyze modal and dynamic behavior of planetary gear systems (PGSs) focusing on the effect of bearing and carrier stiffness. Using derived tooth profile equations, elements for gear can be parametrically created. Then, the 2D/3D FE models of a planetary gear system (PGS) are constructed. Accordingly, structural natural frequencies and modal shapes are calculated after adequately assigning the material, boundary conditions, and tooth contact of gear pairs. An index, namely dimensionless slope, is defined to reflect the modal property due to the bearing stiffness change. Influence of carrier material and gear bearing stiffnesses on modal behavior is investigated. Several results of the PGS modal characteristics affected by the material and bearing stiffness are also obtained. Besides, the dynamic responses of the PGSs are analyzed under the carrier rotation. Finally, dynamic fillet stress and loading inequality among gear pairs due to planet bearing stiffness variation are analyzed. The FE approach presented can conveniently demonstrate modal and dynamic behaviors of PGSs.

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