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Lupia, Arthur, et Zoë Baird. « Can Web Sites Change Citizens ? Implications of Web White and Blue 2000 ». Political Science and Politics 36, no 01 (janvier 2003) : 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096503001732.
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Jeanne-Perrier, Valérie, Florence Le Cam et Nicolas Pélissier. « Les Sites Web Auto-Publiés d'Information Éthique (Swapies), un retour du paradigme de la presse d'opinion ? » Quaderni 54, no 1 (2004) : 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/quad.2004.1608.
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Savini, L., C. Ippoliti, I. Di Lorenzo et Anna Amaria Conte. « Base de données sur Internet et système d'information géographique pour appuyer Medreonet ». Revue d’élevage et de médecine vétérinaire des pays tropicaux 62, no 2-4 (1 février 2009) : 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/remvt.10070.
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The main objective of Medreonet is to share and exchange data, expertise, experiences and information on bluetongue (BT), African horse sickness (AHS) and epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD). In this context the web-based database and geographical information system (GIS) application is the most suitable tool to provide a friendly environment that is easy to use by the different actors involved in the project. The web-based database and GIS application has been developed using ESRI software (release 9.0) (ArcIMS, ArcGIS desktop, ArcSDE), Java and Active Server Pages (ASP). Users can access the public web-GIS through a generic Internet browser and the information required (maps and data) are published by ArcIMS using web server technology. ArcSDE and an Oracle relational database management system (release 8i) (RDBMS) are used to store and manage spatial and alphanumerical data. The authorized users can input new information and data on their geographical area of competence directly online, using ASP and a web interface. The accuracy of the data entered into the information system (e.g. missing values, duplicates, incorrect data format, etc.) is guaranteed by automatic check procedures that operate during the updating of the centralized database. The database was designed to store all the epidemiological data deemed relevant by the experts and all the scientific results, when available, produced during the project. In particular, the data collected cover three main sets of information which are displayed and spread through an interactive, dynamic mapping system: – outbreak distribution, i.e. the geographical distribution of the disease by year and serotype at the regional level in the European Union (EU) and Mediterranean countries for BT, AHS, and EHD, respectively; – serological surveillance results, i.e. geographical distribution of the true and apparent prevalence of infection based on the analyses of BT serological surveillance data; – entomological distribution, i.e. geographical distribution of nine vector species by year and month, number of catch sites, number of catches, vector and maximum number of midges at the regional level in the EU and Mediterranean countries. Medreonet database and GIS application fulfill all the requirements stipulated in the project; moreover the system is fully scalable and may adapt to future demands.
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Hamza, Mohammad Khalid. « Web Evaluation Tool (WET) : A Creative Web Tool for Online Educators ». Journal of Educational Technology Systems 31, no 3 (mars 2003) : 307–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/l3nm-jndx-brxu-qfq5.
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The Nielsen/Net report Ratings 2000, reported that in 2002, online usage at work Jumped 17 Percent Year-Over-Year, driven by female office workers. Nearly 46 million American office workers logged onto the Web, the highest peak since January 2000. It was also predicted that the number of students using the Internet was expected to reach 13.5 million by 2002, an increase from 3.4 million who were using the Internet in 1995. United States colleges and universities, in the year 2000, offered in excess of 6,000 accredited courses on the Web. Furthermore, nearly 10 million people over the age of 16 gained Internet access in the United States between the end of 2001 and the end of 2002, significantly more than in the other 10 markets studied The Internet population of 71.1 percent in 2002 was up from 66.9 percent in 2000 [1, 2]. Many visually pleasing Web sites claim to be educational but have little, if any, pedagogical importance due to a poor application of a systematic design of instruction and the use of the technology as a cognitive tool to enhance the learning experience [3, 4]. Also, there is a need to measure and evaluate technology [5], but there is no standard review process for identifying a good educational Web site [6]. Therefore, the author of this article address the need to effectively and authentically evaluate “educational” Web sites, or those that claim to be educational based on a sound and systematic process that incorporates elements of instructional design and cognitive tools principles. Hence, the “Web Evaluation Tool” (WET) was developed at the Center for the Advancement of Distance Education Technologies (CADET) ( http://www.fau.edu/cadet ). WET, a user-friendly tool that supports its users (teachers, trainers, and researchers), was created to enhance the evaluation process of educational Web sites and Internet environments to foster effective and creative learning at all levels.
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Aronson, Yaakov. « Epistle from Israel (2000) ». Judaica Librarianship 10, no 1 (1 mai 2000) : 41–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14263/2330-2976.1152.
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Activities of the Judaica Librarians' Group, the Jewish National aחd Uחiversity Library, and other Judaica libraries in Israel during 1995–1996 are surveyed. Also, lsraeli World Wide Web sites with important information for Judaica librarians, and new Judaica publications of special importance to libraries are described .
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Peroutka, SJ. « Analysis of Internet Sites for Headache ». Cephalalgia 21, no 1 (février 2001) : 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.2001.00137.x.
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The Internet is capable of providing an unprecedented amount of information to both physicians and patients interested in headache. To assess the status of headache information on the Internet (as of January 2000), a search for ‘headache’ was performed using 10 leading Internet search engines. The number of web pages identified ranged from 4419 (WebCrawler) to 506 426 (Northern Light). The ‘average’ search yielded nearly 150 000 web page listings for ‘headache’. The content was then reviewed of the top 10 listed web pages for each search (i.e. a total of 100 page listings). The results demonstrate that, at the present time, Internet-based information on headache is extensive but poorly organized. Editorial review of this potential valuable resource is required in order to maximize its utility in headache education and management.
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Wicks, Robert H., et Boubacar Souley. « Going Negative : Candidate Usage of Internet Web Sites during the 2000 Presidential Campaign ». Journalism & ; Mass Communication Quarterly 80, no 1 (mars 2003) : 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900308000109.
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This study examines the news releases that were posted on the official campaign Web sites of George W. Bush and Al Gore during the 2000 presidential campaign. Analysis of each of the 487 news releases posted during the campaign season reveals that nearly three-quarters of these contained an attack on the opponent. This parallels data on the incidence of attacks appearing in televised political advertising during the 2000 campaign. The study provides support for the Political Competition Model, which posits that close races produce significant negativity. Furthermore, the study offers insights on how presidential political campaigns may use campaign Web sites in the future.
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Singer, Jane B. « Campaign Contributions : Online Newspaper Coverage of Election 2000 ». Journalism & ; Mass Communication Quarterly 80, no 1 (mars 2003) : 39–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900308000104.
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Through their Web sites, newspapers may contribute to political campaign coverage in new ways. This survey of online editors of leading U.S. newspaper sites indicates that editors gave primary emphasis to the medium's ability to provide Election 2000 information faster and in more detail. Though options for enhancing political discourse were appreciated, both interactivity and multimedia presentations were less widely cited among key goals and perceived successes. These findings suggest that journalists are “normalizing”w the Internet as a way to further traditional roles and goals.
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Ives, Jack D. « Review of Web Sites, CD ROMs, Books ». Mountain Research and Development 20, no 3 (août 2000) : 288–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2000)020[0288:]2.0.co;2.
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CHRISTENSEN, HELEN, KATHLEEN M. GRIFFITHS et JO MEDWAY. « Sites for depression on the web : a comparison of consumer, professional and commercial sites ». Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 24, no 4 (août 2000) : 396–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2000.tb01601.x.
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Hansen, Glenn J., et William L. Benoit. « Presidential campaigning on the web : The influence of candidate world wide web sites in the 2000 general election ». Southern Communication Journal 70, no 3 (septembre 2005) : 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10417940509373328.
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O'Brien, William J. « Implementation Issues In Project Web Sites : A Practioner's Viewpoint ». Journal of Management in Engineering 16, no 3 (mai 2000) : 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0742-597x(2000)16:3(34).
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Millet-Mouity, Pamela, et Frédérick Madore. « Pour de nouvelles études sur les acteurs religieux africains à l’ère du numérique ». Emulations - Revue de sciences sociales, no 24 (16 mars 2018) : 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/emulations.024.001.
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Depuis l’étude pionnière d’O’Leary (1996) et surtout à partir des années 2000, tout un champ de recherche s’est développé sur la façon dont la religion s’inscrit dans les médias numériques – sites web, forums, blogues, médias de diffusion en ligne, réseaux sociaux, etc.
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Girginov, Vassil, Marijke Taks, Bob Boucher, Scott Martyn, Marge Holman et Jess Dixon. « Canadian National Sport Organizations’ Use of the Web for Relationship Marketing in Promoting Sport Participation ». International Journal of Sport Communication 2, no 2 (juin 2009) : 164–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsc.2.2.164.
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Sport-participation development requires a systematic process involving knowledge creation and dissemination and interactions between national sport organizations (NSOs), participants, clubs, and associations, as well as other agencies. Using a relationship-marketing approach (Grönroos, 1997, Gummesson, 2002, Olkkonen, 1999), this article addresses the question, How do Canadian NSOs use the Web, in terms of functionality and services offered, to create and maintain relationships with sport participants and their sport-delivery partners? Ten Canadian NSOs’ Web sites were examined. Functionality was analyzed using Burgess and Cooper’s (2000) eMICA model, and NSOs’ use of the Internet to establish and maintain relationships with sport participants was analyzed using Wang, Head, and Archer’s (2000) relationshipbuilding process model for the Web. It was found that Canadian NSOs were receptive to the use of the Web, but their information-gathering and -dissemination activities, which make up the relationship-building process, appear sparse and in some cases are lagging behind the voluntary sector in the country.
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Heaney, Siobban. « E-Product Review ». Legal Information Management 2, no 1 (2002) : 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669600001043.
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Murdoch's Irish Legal Companion is a CD-ROM and Web-based product from Topaz Publications and Lendac Data Systems. It incorporates a new edition of A Dictionary of Irish Law as well as the full text of cited Acts and statutory instruments from 1922 to 2000. I reviewed the Dictionary on CD-ROM.The coverage of the Dictionary is fairly extensive, providing definitions of approximately 6,500 thousand legal definitions with cross references and hyperlinks to related terms, legislation and relevant Web sites.
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Schneider, Steven M., et Kirsten A. Foot. « Online Structure for Political Action : Exploring Presidential Campaign Web Sites from the 2000 American Election ». Javnost - The Public 9, no 2 (janvier 2002) : 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13183222.2002.11008799.
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Verser, Rebecca, et Robert H. Wicks. « Managing Voter Impressions : The Use of Images on Presidential Candidate Web Sites During the 2000 Campaign ». Journal of Communication 56, no 1 (1 mars 2006) : 178–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00009.x.
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Rogers, Richard, et Noortje Marres. « French Scandals on the Web, and on the Streets : A Small Experiment in Stretching the Limits of Reported Reality ». Asian Journal of Social Science 30, no 2 (2002) : 339–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853102320405898.
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The main argument of this paper is that the Web is well suited for the role of a streetwise informant for protest events. Using special software, we plot the network of Web sites of organisations related to the meat and anti-globalization protests in Milau, France, in June of 2000, and compare our findings about the nature of the actors with the reports in the mass media. Not only do the findings deepen mass media accounts but they also point to a new web-sociological means to re-open the question of the real. Putting on display the institutional dimension of the protest, the Web network simultaneously undermines and enriches the mass media accounts of the protests. The Web may provide a reality check on existing accounts of the protest and document encounters between opposing definitions of reality. Our analysis also suggests the Web can be harnessed to complicate the definition of real social action.
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Trappey, Charles V., Amy J. C. Trappey et Ya-Ping Chang. « Internet storefront reengineering using an element schema approach1 ». Human Systems Management 19, no 4 (12 octobre 2000) : 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/hsm-2000-19409.
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This research provides a standard for generalizing the content of Internet storefronts. An element schema, which is created and defined using HTML tags categorizes the user interface and information elements presented on Internet storefronts. In order to explore the rule that elements play in characterizing popular and unpopular Internet storefronts, an analysis of the distribution of elements within the best and worst Internet storefronts was conducted. After extracting the elements underlying the construction of the best and worst Web-sites, a prototype storefront was reengineered to demonstrate the derived principles.
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Zdravkovic, Svetozar, et Dubravka Devaja-Striber. « Breast self-examination web site of the institute of oncology Sremska Kamenica vs. breast self-examination web sites in English language and languages of former Yugoslavia ». Archive of Oncology 10, no 1 (2002) : 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/aoo0201039z.
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Breast self-examination web site of the Institute of Oncology Sremska Kamenica was designed in 2000 year and since then it has had about 490 visits, i.e. one visit by day approximately. The site was presented at the 6th Annual World Congress on the Internet in Medicine "Mednet 2001" in Udine, Italy, from November 29 to December 2, 2001. The next phase in our project is to improve its contents to increase its popularity. To achieve this we compared our site with similar sites in English language and languages of former Yugoslavia. The results of this comparison are presented in this paper. To find the sites in all languages we used search engine Google.com and following key words: "breast self-examination" (English language), "samopregled dojke" (Serbian and Croatian languages) "Samopregledovanje dojk" (Slovenian language) and "Samopregledot na dojkata" (Macedonian language). Some additional aspects of breast self-examination such as its validity as a screening tool and its influence on breast cancer mortality were also involved. Our aim was to emphasize the importance of further development of telemedicine services in general, and particularly the importance of primary care and early detection, including breast self-examination as integral parts of teleoncology services.
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Brooks, Terrence A. « Book review : Web style guide : Basic design principles for creating web sites, by Patrick J. Lynch and Sarah Horton ». Journal of the American Society for Information Science 51, no 10 (2000) : 964–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1097-4571(2000)51:10<964 ::aid-asi110>3.0.co;2-y.
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Negash, Teklebrhan, Erik Möllerström et Fredric Ottermo. « An Assessment of Wind Energy Potential for the Three Topographic Regions of Eritrea ». Energies 13, no 7 (10 avril 2020) : 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071846.
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This paper presents the wind energy potential and wind characteristics for 25 wind sites in Eritrea, based on wind data from the years 2000–2005. The studied sites are distributed all over Eritrea, but can roughly be divided into three regions: coastal region, western lowlands, and central highlands. The coastal region sites have the highest potential for wind power. An uncertainty, due to extrapolating the wind speed from the 10-m measurements, should be noted. The year to year variations are typically small and, for the sites deemed as suitable for wind power, the seasonal variations are most prominent in the coastal region with a peak during the period November–March. Moreover, Weibull parameters, prevailing wind direction, and wind power density recalculated for 100 m above ground are presented for all 25 sites. Comparing the results to values from the web-based, large-scale dataset, the Global Wind Atlas (GWA), both mean wind speed and wind power density are typically higher for the measurements. The difference is especially large for the more complex-terrain central highland sites where GWA results are also likely to be more uncertain. The result of this study can be used to make preliminary assessments on possible power production potential at the given sites.
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Len-Ríos, María E. « The Bush and Gore Presidential Campaign Web Sites : Identifying with Hispanic Voters during the 2000 Iowa Caucuses and New Hampshire Primary ». Journalism & ; Mass Communication Quarterly 79, no 4 (décembre 2002) : 887–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900207900408.
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This study examines presidential campaign discourse addressed to Hispanic voters during the 2000 Iowa caucuses and New Hampshire primary. Burke's concept of identification is used to determine how candidates identified with Hispanics through (1) common association, (2) antithesis, and (3) subtlety or cunning. Results reveal that George W. Bush invested more in his Spanish Web site and differentiated more among distinct Hispanic populations to create identification with specific subgroups, while Al Gore presented a pan-Latino message. Overall, only four of the thirty-one analyzed messages focused specifically on mobilizing voters during the primary/caucus season.
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Custodio, Miguel Gabriel, Alan Thorogood et Philip Yetton. « 24 × 7 @ Full Speed : Accelerated Time to Market ». Journal of Information Technology 21, no 2 (juin 2006) : 116–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000058.
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‘It's only a web site. What could be so difficult about that?’ This quote is from the cafeteria of a start-up business funded by a North American retailer, after the disastrous ‘Black Friday’ of 2000, during which its web site experienced systemic failure. This case describes the dynamics, complexities and consequences of fast tracking an e-business start-up. This consumer electronics retailer created one of the most visited retail web sites, from concept to operation in 6 months. Market analysts were predicting a major increase in online sales while consumers were adopting the Internet at a rate faster than any previous technology. Meeting the multi-channel demands of the dynamic and competitive environment required operational balance, stability, innovative flexibility, organizational fit and the alignment of resource capabilities with technology. This case challenges the reader to comment on how a large company positioned itself and integrated the necessary competencies to compete successfully in a developing market by establishing a spin-off operation, separate from the main company.
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Saint, Elizabeth C. « La terminologie de référence au service de la langue française au Québec et son usage dans le domaine de l’informatique ». Articles 44, no 2 (3 juin 2015) : 167–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1031004ar.
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Cet article traite du degré d’intégration de la terminologie informatique officialisée dans les communications institutionnalisées. Son objectif est d’évaluer l’impact de la production et de la diffusion des recommandations linguistiques par l’Office québécois de la langue française. Pour cela, j’ai adopté le protocole terminométrique élaboré par Jean Quirion (2000) et mesuré, à partir d’un corpus constitué de sites Web d’entreprises informatiques, le degré d’implantation des termes officialisés du sous-domaine des périphériques informatiques ainsi que celui de leurs concurrents français et anglais. L’étude révèle que les termes officialisés sont largement implantés dans le corpus et atteste de l’importance des enquêtes mesurant l’implantation terminologique dans un contexte d’aménagement linguistique.
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Bonini, José Eduardo, Bianca Carvalho Vieira, Antonio Carlos de Barros Corrêa et Mauro Soldati. « Landslides and Cultural Heritage—A Review ». Heritage 6, no 10 (7 octobre 2023) : 6648–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6100348.
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Cultural heritage sites can be affected by landslides, often causing damage to their integrity, value, and accessibility. Several studies worldwide were focused on the assessment of the potential threats that landslides can pose to the preservation of cultural heritage sites. This article aims to review landslide studies at cultural heritage sites worldwide, analyzing the publications’ temporal distribution, selected methods, geographical and climate contexts, and investigated landslide types. We analyzed a database of 331 publications from 2000 to 2023 in study areas distributed across 47 countries, compiled through systematic queries of the Web of Science and Scopus catalogs. The results show an increase in the number of publications from 2012 onwards, with most studies performing landslide susceptibility analyses on cultural heritage sites. The majority of the studies deployed a geomorphological approach address slope instability mechanisms that threaten site integrity, with a significant number of publications presenting model-based, multidisciplinary and engineering geological approaches. Europe, North America, and Asia and the Pacific concentrate the majority of studies, with Italy and China having the highest number of case studies. The threats to cultural heritage sites located in Latin America and the Caribbean, and Africa are the least studied. Block slides, earth slides, and rock falls are the most studied processes, with fewer studies dealing with other landslide types.
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Lara, Marilda Lopes Ginez de. « Linguagem documentária e terminologia ». Transinformação 16, no 3 (décembre 2004) : 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-37862004000300003.
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A linguagem documentária deve ser formulada rigorosamente para se constituir em sistema de organização e de comunicação da informação, qualquer que seja seu universo (bases bibliográficas, sites na WEB, conteúdos de manuais técnicos). O uso da terminologia teórica e da terminologia concreta contribui à consecução desses objetivos, à medida que fornece princípios para a identificação dos domínios, delimitação de conceitos e termos, estabelecimento de relações entre conceitos apoiadas em definições, além de prover referência concreta aos descritores. Visando melhor compreensão dos conceitos terminológicos, exploramos as normas terminológicas ISO 704:2000 e ISO 1087-1:2000, no que tange aos conceitos e à modelagem de sistemas de conceitos, destacando que a importância da Terminologia (teórica e metodológica) para a construção da linguagem documentária, transcende o uso normalizado dos termos: a apropriação de procedimentos e de conceitos terminológicos pela Ciência da Informação (e pela Lingüística Documentária) se relaciona à especificidade de seu objeto e objetivos. A utilização da terminologia, ao lado de contribuições de outras áreas, vai ao encalço da constituição de unidades de informação.
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Wennberg, Erica A. B., Julie L. Takata et David R. Urbach. « Elective surgery wait time reduction in Canada : A synthesis of provincial initiatives ». Healthcare Management Forum 33, no 3 (5 février 2020) : 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0840470419900646.
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In an effort to reduce wait times, Canadian provincial governments have introduced numerous wait time reduction programs and policies. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of elective surgery wait time reduction initiatives across the Canadian provinces from 2000 to 2018. Each of the 10 provincial government web sites were searched. A theoretical framework for elective surgery wait time reduction policies was developed. The final framework is broadly organized into a supply-demand-performance management model. The majority were categorized as supply-oriented initiatives, which have been implemented by all the provinces in some form. Demand-oriented initiatives have been implemented the least. Our conceptual framework may be used to categorize wait time reduction initiatives for the purpose of policy development and evaluation.
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Wihak, Christine. « Prior Learning Assessment & ; Recog- nition in Canadian Universities : View from the Web ». Canadian Journal of Higher Education 37, no 1 (1 avril 2007) : 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v37i1.184742.
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Prior Learning Assessment & Recognition (PLAR), the practice of formally assigning credit for learning gained outside the formal education system (Thomas, 2000), offers significant benefits to adult students. Previous research had demonstrated that adult students may not, however, be aware of the availability of PLAR. This study investigated the availability of PLAR information on the websites of 60 Canadian universities. The research found that 24 Canadian universities offered PLAR for advanced standing. Considerable variation existed in the ease with which PLAR information could be located and in the quality of information provided. Universities were also found to vary widely in the supports offered to learners seeking PLAR, in the formality of their institutional PLAR policies, and in the extent to which the practice is institution-wide or restricted to specific faculties or departments. Findings are discussed in terms of implications for adult learners and their advocates and for future research.
RDA (Reconnaissance d’acquis), la pratique d’accorder officiellement du crédit pour un apprentissage acquis en dehors du système formel d’éducation (Thomas 2000), offre des bénéfices importants à des étudiants adultes. Des recherches faites auparavant avaient démontré que les étudiants adultes ne seraient peut-être pas au courant du RDA (Schmyr, 2003). Cette étude sur la disponibilité des informations sur RDA dans les sites web de 60 universités canadiennes a eu pour résultat de trouver que 24 universités canadiennes offraient RDA comme designation de classification scolaire avancée. La facilité avec laquelle des renseignements sur RDA pouvaient être localisés, de même que la qualité des renseignements, variaient beaucoup. L’appui offert par des universités à des étudiants recherchant RDA variait énormément, et aussi la formalité des politiques de RDA. Il s’agissait de savoir à quel point la pratique s’étendait à tous les départements d’un institut éducatif ou si elle n’était restreinte qu’à des facultés ou des départements bien spécifiques. On étudie les résultats quant aux implications pour des étudiants adultes et pour les recherches futures.
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Yorke, Rebecca F. « Informed Evaluation of Pathology Residency Programs ». Archives of Pathology & ; Laboratory Medicine 124, no 6 (1 juin 2000) : 853–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/2000-124-0853-ieoprp.
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Abstract Objectives.—To identify resources and summarize important issues in anatomic and clinical pathology training and to assist the pathology resident candidate in evaluating potential training programs. Data Sources.—Published guides for medical residency applicants, recent literature discussing pathology education, and World Wide Web sites. Study Selection.—Resources perceived by the author as valuable for the pathology resident candidate. Data Extraction.—Key issues in pathology education are identified. Data Synthesis.—Issues are discussed from the perspective of a pathology resident candidate, and resources for further information are provided. Conclusions.—The pathology residency candidate faces unique challenges in the residency search process because of the breadth of pathology training and the limited exposure to the practice of pathology in medical school. General guides for residency applicants include little discussion of pathology-specific issues. Recent literature discussing pathology education is fragmented but provides invaluable insights for resident candidates. This review seeks to identify a wide variety of issues and resources as a starting point for evaluating potential training programs.
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Gomes, Eli Ana Traversim, Viviane Severiano dos Santos, Denise Rivera Tenenbaum et Maria Célia Villac. « Protozooplankton characterization of two contrasting sites in a tropical coastal ecosystem (Guanabara Bay, RJ) ». Brazilian Journal of Oceanography 55, no 1 (mars 2007) : 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-87592007000100004.
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Much time and resources have been invested in understanding plankton dynamics in Guanabara Bay (Brazil), but no attention has been devoted to the protozooplankton. To fulfill this lacuna, abundance and composition of protozooplankton were investigated from January to December - 2000 in fortnightly surface water samplings at two distinct water quality sites (Urca - closer to the bay entrance, more saline and cleaner waters; Ramos - inner reaches, hypereutrophic waters). The density at Urca (10³ - 10(5) cell.l-1) was one to three orders of magnitude lower than at Ramos (10(4) - 10(5) cell.l-1). A seasonal trend for nanoplankton and protozooplankton was more evident at Urca, but both sites had lower densities during the colder period. Small heterotrophic dinoflagellates (20-30 mm) were dominant in over 50% of the samples. The protozooplankton abundance and composition reflected the distinct trophic conditions states found at the bay. During the wet-warm season, non-oligotrich ciliates were representative of Ramos site with Gymnodiniaceae dinoflagellates, while tintinnids and heterotrophic dinoflagellates were predominantly found at Urca mainly during the dry-cold season. This first descriptive study towards the understanding of the intricate relationships among the microbial food web components reveals that protozooplankton can be a good indicator of water quality conditions at the bay.
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Redon, Gaëlle, et Leïla Loussaïef. « La communication des Grandes Écoles françaises sur la question de la diversité ». Management & ; Sciences Sociales N° 23, no 2 (1 juillet 2017) : 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/mss.023.0016.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Créé il y a plus de 200 ans pour former une élite républicaine, le système des Grandes Écoles françaises, a engendré des inégalités sociales par sa grande sélectivité. Depuis le début des années 2000, gouvernement, écoles, lycées et mécènes se sont alliés pour mettre en place un cadre favorisant un recrutement plus équilibré et assurant plus de diversité sociale. Autour de 205 établissements se sont inscrits dans cette démarche. Parmi eux, certaines écoles ont fait le choix de communiquer sur leurs efforts en la matière. Les auteurs placent cet article dans le cadre plus large de la démarche sur les actions responsables des entreprises et explorent la façon dont la communication sur la question de la diversité s’est construite auprès des candidats potentiels. Quelle place les écoles donnent-elles au sujet et quel discours développent-elles ? Le terrain se décline en trois volets : une analyse de sites web et de plaquettes d’écoles, une observation participante et des entretiens avec cinq professionnels au sein d’écoles inscrites dans la démarche. Les résultats soulignent que la communication s’opère essentiellement à travers les sites web et ne semble pas refléter des enjeux forts pour les écoles. Très peu d’écoles communiquent actuellement sur le sujet de façon abondante. La diversité ne semble pas être un moyen pour attirer les candidats potentiels et reste anecdotique dans un grand nombre de cas. Quelques écoles qui ont en revanche mis la diversité au centre de leur stratégie et de leur communication, en font un axe de différenciation et une composante de leur identité.
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Reis, Susana Azevedo, et Christina Ferraz Musse. « Entre livros e memórias : a web como lugar de nostalgia do Círculo do Livro ». Revista Tempo e Argumento 13, no 34 (22 décembre 2021) : e0205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5965/2175180313342021e0205.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Este trabalho possui como objetivo compreender os rastros de memória do Círculo do Livro na web. Esse clube de assinatura de livros funcionou de 1973 até o final da década de 1990, chegando a possuir 800 mil associados. Contemporaneamente, no espaço digital, ex-assinantes e interessados no Círculo do Livro compartilham lembranças e experiências, criando um espaço fomentado por memórias individuais e coletivas. Acreditamos, assim, que blogs, sites e redes sociais apresentam um potencial para se caracterizarem como “lugares de memória” desse clube de livros, nos baseando no conceito de Pierre Nora (1993). Para refletirmos sobre o tema, iremos recorrer a autores que discutem questões sobre memória, história e nostalgia, como o próprio Pierre Nora (1993), Andreas Huyssen (2000), Michael Pollak (1989), Maurice Halbwachs (1990) Svetlana Boym (2017) e Katharina Niemeyer (2019). Como metodologia, realizaremos um levantamento dos resultados da palavra-chave Círculo do Livro no site de busca on-line Google e utilizaremos a metodologia de Análise de Conteúdo, de Laurence Bardin (2011), para compreender quais as principais narrativas memorialísticas e nostálgicas presentes nos artigos selecionados e nos respectivos comentários em cada publicação. Acreditamos que, além de ser um lugar de memória, os espaços de discussão sobre o Círculo do Livro no meio digital possuem também o potencial de serem “lugares de nostalgia”, pois a memória ali compartilhada é repleta de saudade e afeto. Palavras-chave: memória; lugar de nostalgia; web; digital; clubes de livros.
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Wilkerson, Don C., Dan R. Lineberger et Priscilla J. Files. « 423 hortIPM : An Interactive Integrated Pest Management Program ». HortScience 34, no 3 (juin 1999) : 517C—517. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.34.3.517c.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In response to the goals set forth in Target 2000, a long-range environmental plan for the Texas/Floral Industry developed by the TAMU Nursery/Floral Management Team in cooperation with the Texas Association of Nurserymen (TAN), an interactive, World Wide Web-based integrated pest management program (hortIPM) has been developed for commercial nursery and greenhouse growers. The objective of Target 2000 is to assist growers in initiation of innovative cultural and structural practices, which will result in the following changes by the year 2000: 1) reduce water consumption to 1990 levels; 2) reduce current fertilizer and pesticide usage by 50%; 3) lower current energy consumption by 25%; 4) reduce current solid wastes from agricultural plastics by 75%; 5) develop applications for municipal wastes and composted materials for nursery and floral crop production. More so than in any other cropping system, ornamental stock producers apply pesticides on a calendar basis regardless of pest damage to prevent cosmetic injury to their crops, thus reducing their marketability. As justification for this misuse of insecticides, growers cite the extraordinary low damage thresholds associated with their crops. Nursery and floral crops producers that have better access to educational resources and recommendations may be more inclined to follow biologically sound pest management principles. HortIPM is designed as a tool to facilitate access to pest management information and enhance IPM programs already in place. Currently, hortIPM is in the developmental phase, on the cusp of release to a number of sites for preliminary evaluation.
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Cullen, Rowena. « Internet Blue Pages : The Guide to Federal Government Web Sites. 2001‐2002 edition20013Laurie Andriot Researched and comp. by. Internet Blue Pages : The Guide to Federal Government Web Sites. 2001‐2002 edition. Medford, NJ : Information Today 2000. 476 pp., ISBN : 0910965439 US$34.95 soft ». Online Information Review 25, no 3 (juin 2001) : 214–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir.2001.25.3.214.3.
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Wagner, Carolina, et Renato Abreu Lima. « Estratégias de conservação e uso sustentável de áreas protegidas na região Amazônica : uma revisão sistemática ». Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 12, no 1 (14 février 2024) : 015–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v12n1.17587.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Na região Amazônica ocorre uma grande degradação das áreas protegidas por meio dos incêndios florestais, desmatamento, exploração madeireira e de minérios. Observa-se que estas áreas não estão sendo incorporadas e pouco está sendo discutido para buscar alternativas para essas alterações do meio ambiente. Assim, o objetivo deste presente estudo foi discutir estratégias para a conservação e o uso sustentável das áreas de Unidades de Conservação na região Amazônica. Tratando-se de um artigo de revisão sistemática em dissertações, artigos, livros e sites oficiais, disponíveis nas bases de dados: Scielo, Web of Science e Google Acadêmico com ênfase em apresentar a problemática proposta por meio de 34 trabalhos, distribuidos entre 2000 a 2023. Como resultado, destacou-se a importância da geração de inovações para atender à demanda por novas práticas e tecnologias, bem como para realizar a gestão desses recursos naturais sem levar ao seu esgotamento. Dessa forma, torna-se necessário buscar novas interações e combinações para fortalecer a rede de conhecimento, evidenciando o valor da biodiversidade, a fim de contribuir para um melhor planejamento de manejo, usos e enriquecimento da região Amazônica.
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Seymour, Tom, Dean Frantsvog et Satheesh Kumar. « History Of Search Engines ». International Journal of Management & ; Information Systems (IJMIS) 15, no 4 (12 septembre 2011) : 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ijmis.v15i4.5799.
Texte intégralRésumé :
As the number of sites on the Web increased in the mid-to-late 90s, search engines started appearing to help people find information quickly. Search engines developed business models to finance their services, such as pay per click programs offered by Open Text in 1996 and then Goto.com in 1998. Goto.com later changed its name to Overture in 2001, and was purchased by Yahoo! in 2003, and now offers paid search opportunities for advertisers through Yahoo! Search Marketing. Google also began to offer advertisements on search results pages in 2000 through the Google Ad Words program. By 2007, pay-per-click programs proved to be primary money-makers for search engines. In a market dominated by Google, in 2009 Yahoo! and Microsoft announced the intention to forge an alliance. The Yahoo! & Microsoft Search Alliance eventually received approval from regulators in the US and Europe in February 2010. Search engine optimization consultants expanded their offerings to help businesses learn about and use the advertising opportunities offered by search engines, and new agencies focusing primarily upon marketing and advertising through search engines emerged. The term "Search Engine Marketing" was proposed by Danny Sullivan in 2001 to cover the spectrum of activities involved in performing SEO, managing paid listings at the search engines, submitting sites to directories, and developing online marketing strategies for businesses, organizations, and individuals. Some of the latest theoretical advances include Search Engine Marketing Management (SEMM). SEMM relates to activities including SEO but focuses on return on investment (ROI) management instead of relevant traffic building (as is the case of mainstream SEO). SEMM also integrates organic SEO, trying to achieve top ranking without using paid means of achieving top in search engines, and PayPerClick SEO. For example some of the attention is placed on the web page layout design and how content and information is displayed to the website visitor.
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Kornbluth, Aaron, Bryce D. Perog, Samantha Crippen, Danielle Zacherl, Brandon Quintana, Edwin D. Grosholz et Kerstin Wasson. « Mapping oysters on the Pacific coast of North America : A coast-wide collaboration to inform enhanced conservation ». PLOS ONE 17, no 3 (17 mars 2022) : e0263998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263998.
Texte intégralRésumé :
To conserve coastal foundation species, it is essential to understand patterns of distribution and abundance and how they change over time. We synthesized oyster distribution data across the west coast of North America to develop conservation strategies for the native Olympia oyster (Ostrea lurida), and to characterize populations of the non-native Pacific oyster (Magallana gigas). We designed a user-friendly portal for data entry into ArcGIS Online and collected oyster records from unpublished data submitted by oyster experts and from the published literature. We used the resulting 2,000+ records to examine spatial and temporal patterns and made an interactive web-based map publicly available. Comparing records from pre-2000 vs. post-2000, we found that O. lurida significantly decreased in abundance and distribution, while M. gigas increased significantly. Currently the distribution and abundance of the two species are fairly similar, despite one species being endemic to this region since the Pleistocene, and the other a new introduction. We mapped the networks of sites occupied by oysters based on estimates of larval dispersal distance, and found that these networks were larger in Canada, Washington, and southern California than in other regions. We recommend restoration to enhance O. lurida, particularly within small networks, and to increase abundance where it declined. We also recommend restoring natural biogenic beds on mudflats and sandflats especially in the southern range, where native oysters are currently found most often on riprap and other anthropogenic structures. This project can serve as a model for collaborative mapping projects that inform conservation strategies for imperiled species or habitats.
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Shin, Hyewon, Jung Lee et Hye Min. « An Integrative Literature Review on Sex Education Programs for Korean College Students ». Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 26, no 1 (28 février 2020) : 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2020.26.1.78.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to synthesize the literature on the sex education programs for Korean college students and to provide a basis for developing effective sex education programs for this population. Methods: Whittemore and Knafl's integrative review method guided this review of studies conducted from 2000 to 2019. Articles were identified through three electronic databases and scholarly web sites. Fifteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Results: Three studies were descriptive, and 12 described interventions. In most of the reviewed studies, sexual knowledge, sexual attitudes, and sexual autonomy improved after sex education interventions. Before providing sex education, the researchers assessed student's needs for sex education and the various topics provided through sex education programs. Conclusion: When developing sex education programs, we need to a) focus on practical sexual knowledge including contraceptive methods, b) provide repeated and continuous education of a sufficient duration, c) provide comprehensive sex education beyond biological sex, and d) use various teaching methods to allow participants to gain a better understanding. Additionally, sex education should be conducted by experts such as nurses or trained educators to provide systematic and comprehensive education for young adults.
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Goswami, Chandana. « How Does Internet Stock Trading in India Work ? » Vikalpa : The Journal for Decision Makers 28, no 1 (janvier 2003) : 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090920030108.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Internet trading started in India on 1st April 2000 with 79 members seeking permission to do so. Geojit Securities was the first to go online. On 1st February 2000, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) opened up the internet-based trading system for its members, the first stock exchange in India to do so. However, after two years of trading, only a dozen brokers continue offering online service. The SEBI Committee on Internet-based Securities Trading and Services has allowed the net to be used as an Order Routing System (ORS) through registered stockbrokers on behalf of their clients for execution of transactions. This paper aims at understanding the needs of the customers, comparing it with the offerings of the websites, identifying the gaps, and offering possible solutions for filling up the gaps. It is revealed that: Online traders took buying decisions on their own. A few backed it up by analysts' recommendations. Those who took decisions independently claimed to go through the websites, did fundamental and technical analysis, watched the trends, and then finally made a decision. No one solely followed brokers' recommendations blindly. Well-educated people in their 30s and 40s, who were highly informed and also knew how to tap sources of information, took decisions on their own and did not depend upon the broker. They were self-directed traders. The major perceived benefit of online system was its convenience. The broker's reliability followed by the execution speed was the key to logging on to a website. An analysis of the Indian sites indicated that they were mainly promotional and provisional in nature. Provisional information about stock quotes, database searches, research reports, etc. were provided in the site empowering the user to take independent decisions. Promotional activities in the form of facilities locator, educational forums, web designs, demos, etc. had lured many to visit their sites but whether this had converted into online clients could not be confirmed from the results of this study. Indian websites offered a basic plain package with lot of scope remaining for value addition. Excluding the technical and legal aspects over which the e-finance service providers did not have much control, certain value additions could be done on the existing websites. Moreover, the Indian investors having access to the foreign websites were quite well versed with what was being offered by the American counterparts and hence they were highly demanding customers. The following services could make Indian sites more attractive to customers: Interactive counselling Customer care centre Investment tips Warning systems Extended hours trade Account management Inter-organizational alliances.
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Lacroix, Christelle, Anna Jolles, Eric W. Seabloom, Alison G. Power, Charles E. Mitchell et Elizabeth T. Borer. « Non-random biodiversity loss underlies predictable increases in viral disease prevalence ». Journal of The Royal Society Interface 11, no 92 (6 mars 2014) : 20130947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2013.0947.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Disease dilution (reduced disease prevalence with increasing biodiversity) has been described for many different pathogens. Although the mechanisms causing this phenomenon remain unclear, the disassembly of communities to predictable subsets of species, which can be caused by changing climate, land use or invasive species, underlies one important hypothesis. In this case, infection prevalence could reflect the competence of the remaining hosts. To test this hypothesis, we measured local host species abundance and prevalence of four generalist aphid-vectored pathogens (barley and cereal yellow dwarf viruses) in a ubiquitous annual grass host at 10 sites spanning 2000 km along the North American West Coast. In laboratory and field trials, we measured viral infection as well as aphid fecundity and feeding preference on several host species. Virus prevalence increased as local host richness declined. Community disassembly was non-random: ubiquitous hosts dominating species-poor assemblages were among the most competent for vector production and virus transmission. This suggests that non-random biodiversity loss led to increased virus prevalence. Because diversity loss is occurring globally in response to anthropogenic changes, such work can inform medical, agricultural and veterinary disease research by providing insights into the dynamics of pathogens nested within a complex web of environmental forces.
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Twiss, Michael R., Benjamin S. Twining et Nicholas S. Fisher. « Partitioning of dissolved thallium by seston in Lakes Erie and Ontario ». Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, no 11 (1 novembre 2003) : 1369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-119.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The fate of thallium (Tl) was traced in the epipelagic and coastal waters of Lake Erie (in 2000) and Lake Ontario (in 2001) sampled during the summer period of thermal stratification. Fractionation of 204Tl bound to particulate matter was conducted to trace the scavenging potential of various seston size ranges (0.22 µm, 220 µm, and 20210 µm,). Added [204Tl]-Tl(I) scavenged by seston over 13 days was 0.344.05 % in Lake Erie and 0.090.21 % in Lake Ontario, where scavenging was correlated with suspended particulate matter content and chlorophyll a concentration. There was no consistent trend with respect to Tl scavenging by a particular size fraction, except at coastal sites in Lake Erie where most Tl was scavenged by the 220 µm seston. Partition coefficients (Kd) of Tl scavenging by seston in Lake Ontario were 9381483 L·kg1. At the same pelagic site in Lake Ontario, [204Tl]-dimethylthallium partitioned into seston (Kd = 807 ± 258) to a lesser degree than added Tl(I) (Kd = 998 ± 297), a finding consistent with laboratory assays of these two Tl species. These results suggest that the plankton food web plays a role in the geochemical cycle of this toxic metal in the water column of the lower Great Lakes.
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Fields, Alison. « Net.people : The Personalities and Passions behind the Web Sites20016Thomas E. Bleier and Eric C. Steinert. Net.people : The Personalities and Passions behind the Web Sites. Medford, NJ : Information Today 2000. 317 pp., ISBN : ISBN 0910965374 US$19.95 (soft) Cyberage Books ». Online Information Review 25, no 2 (avril 2001) : 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir.2001.25.2.131.6.
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Cronau, Deborah A. « The Undergraduate’s Companion to American Writers and Their Web Sites20015James K. Bracken and Larry G. Hinman. The Undergraduate’s Companion to American Writers and Their Web Sites. Englewood, CO : Libraries Unlimited 2000. 309 pp., ISBN : ISBN 1563088592 US$36.00 soft ». Online Information Review 25, no 4 (août 2001) : 271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/oir.2001.25.4.271.5.
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Guzzetti, F., et G. Tonelli. « Information system on hydrological and geomorphological catastrophes in Italy (SICI) : a tool for managing landslide and flood hazards ». Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 4, no 2 (15 avril 2004) : 213–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-4-213-2004.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Abstract. Since 1990, we have maintained a database of historical information on landslides and floods in Italy, known as the National Research Council's AVI (Damaged Urban Areas) archive. The database was originally designed to respond to a request of the Minister of Civil Protection, and was aimed at helping the regional assessment of landslide and flood risk in Italy. The database was compiled in 1991-1992 to cover the period 1917 to 1990, and then updated to cover systematically the period 1917 to 2000, and non-systematically the periods 1900 to 1916 and 2001 to 2002. The database currently contains information on more than 32000 landslide events occurred at more than 21000 sites, and on more than 29000 flood events occurred at more than 14000 sites. Independently from the AVI archive, we have obtained other databases containing information on damage caused by mass movements and inundations, daily discharge measurements and solid-transport measurements at selected gauging stations, bibliographical and reference information on landslides and inundations, and a catalogue of National legislation on hydrological and geological hazards and risk in Italy. The databases are part of an information system known as SICI (an Italian acronym for Sistema Informativo sulle Catastrofi Idrogeologiche, Information System on Hydrological and Geomorphological Catastrophes), which is currently the largest single repository of historical information on landslides and floods in Italy. After an outline of the history and evolution of the AVI Project archive, we present and discuss: (a) the structure of the SICI information system, including the hardware and software solutions adopted to maintain, manage, update, use and disseminate the information stored in the various databases, (b) the type and amount of information stored in each database, including an estimate of their completeness, and (c) examples of recent applications of the information system, including a web-based GIS system to show the location of sites historically affected by landslides and floods, and an estimate of geo-hydrological (i.e. landslide and flood) risk in Italy based on the available historical information.
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Martins, Allysson Viana, Vanessa Forte et Jaqueline Damaceno. « Um panorama da produção brasileira especializada em MMA ». Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo 10, no 2 (19 décembre 2021) : 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25200/slj.v10.n2.2021.444.
Texte intégralRésumé :
PT. A profissionalização do MMA (mixed martial arts) oportunizou o surgimento de veículos brasileiros especializados sobre o esporte, em especial na internet. Com uma base de fãs bastante identificada com as mídias digitais, desde sua regulamentação em 2000, surgiram blogs, sites e redes sociais que dedicam a sua produção de conteúdo a este esporte de luta. Este artigo identifica suas especificidades através de aspectos relacionados às empresas, ao público e ao produto, em dois sites, Combate.com e MMA Brasil, e dois canais de YouTube, Diretasso e Sexto Round. A intenção era realizar um panorama que trouxesse três dimensões: equipe e veículo, com cinco perguntas, desde início, objetivos e metas até qualificação e modelo de negócio; público e redes sociais, com três questionamentos sobre interação e gerenciamento de outras contas; e produção do conteúdo, com oito perguntas sobre frequência de publicação, seleção de pautas, linha editorial, seções e inovações, gêneros das produções e formatos midiáticos. Por meio de entrevistas com os editores dos sites e os criadores dos canais, observa-se que a linha editorial e os objetivos dos veículos são divergentes, com cada um possuindo perfil e espaço próprio, não competindo, exatamente, entre si. Essas distinções aparecem na natureza das propostas e em seus modelos de negócio, que interferem desde a formação da equipe e a interação com o público até as suas seções e os gêneros das produções. Os quatro veículos sugiram em um período de menos de uma década de diferença, com a distância da data de criação entre os sites sendo de apenas três anos e entre os canais de YouTube de quatro anos, revelando que eles aparecem em períodos próximos, sobretudo ao considerarmos o crescimento da popularidade do esporte no Brasil, a partir da década de 2010. Ainda que existam muitas ligas ao redor do mundo, a mídia brasileira especializada no esporte foca no UFC e no Bellator, o que gera um número baixo de publicações diárias; com exceção do Combate.com, com três, todos os outros produzem aproximadamente um conteúdo por dia. Isso pode revelar uma cobertura mais restrita, voltada para o calendário factual esportivo.
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EN. The professionalization of MMA (Mixed Martial Arts) has led to the emergence of specialized Brazilian media, especially on the Internet. Supported by fan groups strongly influenced by digital media, more and more blogs, websites and social networks have been dedicating their content production to this combat sport since the early 2000s. The article examines the characteristics of two websites (Combate.com and MMA Brasil) and two YouTube channels (Diretasso and Sexto Round) from the perspectives of business models, audiences and product types. It aims at presenting an overview of three dimensions: teams and communication channels (focusing on the start-up phase, objectives, skills and business models) ; audiences and social networks (interactions with the public and management of multiple social media accounts) ; and content production (frequency of publication, choice of topics, editorial line, types of sections, innovative forms, media formats, etc.). Interviews with the editors of the websites and the creators of the Youtube channels point out that the editorial lines and goals of each media are different, each media having its unique identity and its own specialization, without fostering any real competition with the others. Differences amongst the media are mostly visible in the type of content produced as well as in the media’s business models, which in turn impacts on the training of team members, the interactions with audiences, and the use of different sections and press genres. The four media were created during a similar timeframe - the two websites were created less than three years apart and the two YouTube channels were launched four years apart - corresponding to the period of growing popularity of MMA in Brazil, in the 2010’s. Despite MMA being structured in many leagues around the world, Brazilian media focus on UFC and Bellator, explaining the relatively low number of daily publications. Except for Combate.com, which publishes three times per day, all other online media publish on average only once a day. This trend reflects a limited media coverage, mainly focused on sporting events.
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FR. La professionnalisation du MMA (mixed martial arts) a entraîné l'émergence de médias brésiliens spécialisés dans ce sport, notamment sur Internet. Encouragés par des groupes de fans fortement influencés par les médias numériques, de plus en plus de blogs, de sites web et de réseaux sociaux consacrent leur production de contenu à ce sport de combat, depuis le début des années 2000. Cet article examine leurs spécificités concernant les aspects liés aux entreprises, au public et aux produits, à partir de deux sites web (Combate.com et MMA Brasil), et de deux chaînes YouTube (Diretasso et Sexto Round). Il s’agit de proposer un aperçu portant sur trois dimensions : l’équipe et le canal de communication (en s’intéressant aux débuts, aux objectifs, aux compétences et au modèle économique), le public et les réseaux sociaux (les interactions et la gestion d'autres comptes) et la production de contenu (la fréquence de publication, le choix des sujets, la ligne éditoriale, les rubriques et innovations, les styles de productions et les formats médiatiques). Les entretiens avec les rédacteurs de ces sites web et les créateurs des chaînes Youtube révèlent que leur ligne éditoriale et leurs objectifs divergent, chacun ayant un profil particulier et occupant un espace qui leur est propre, sans réelle concurrence les uns avec les autres. Ces distinctions concernent surtout la nature des contenus offerts et les business modèles, qui ont un impact à la fois sur la formation des équipes, sur l'interaction avec le public et sur les rubriques et les genres journalistiques utilisés. Moins de trois ans séparent la création des deux sites web étudiés ici et environ quatre ans se sont écoulés entre la mise en ligne des deux chaînes YouTube ; tous sont donc apparus à peu près à la même époque, surtout si l'on considère que la croissance de la popularité de ce sport au Brésil date des années 2010. Bien que le MMA compte de nombreuses ligues dans le monde, les médias brésiliens spécialisés se concentrent sur l'UFC et le Bellator, ce qui explique le nombre assez faible de publications quotidiennes ; à l'exception de Combate.com, qui en publie trois par jour, tous les autres sites ne produisent en moyenne qu’un seul contenu quotidien, ce qui semble témoigner d’une couverture médiatique plus restreinte, principalement axée sur le calendrier sportif.
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Kim, Jong-Hoon, Bieke Tack, Fabio Fiorino, Elena Pettini, Christian Marchello, Jan Jacobs, John Crump et Florian Marks. « Examining geospatial and temporal distribution of invasive non-typhoidalSalmonelladisease occurrence in sub-Saharan Africa : a systematic review and modelling study ». BMJ Open 14, no 3 (mars 2024) : e080501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-080501.
Texte intégralRésumé :
BackgroundInvasive non-typhoidalSalmonella(iNTS) disease is a significant health concern in sub-Saharan Africa. While our knowledge of a larger-scale variation is growing, understanding of the subnational variation in iNTS disease occurrence is lacking, yet crucial for targeted intervention.MethodWe performed a systematic review of reported occurrences of iNTS disease in sub-Saharan Africa, consulting literature from PubMed, Embase and Web of Science published since 2000. Eligibility for inclusion was not limited by study type but required that studies reported original data on human iNTS diseases based on the culture of a normally sterile site, specifying subnational locations and the year, and were available as full-text articles. We excluded studies that diagnosed iNTS disease based on clinical indications, cultures from non-sterile sites or serological testing. We estimated the probability of occurrence of iNTS disease for sub-Saharan Africa on 20 km × 20 km grids by exploring the association with geospatial covariates such as malaria, HIV, childhood growth failure, access to improved water, and sanitation using a boosted regression tree.ResultsWe identified 130 unique references reporting human iNTS disease in 21 countries published from 2000 through 2020. The estimated probability of iNTS occurrence grids showed significant spatial heterogeneity at all levels (20 km × 20 km grids, subnational, country and subregional levels) and temporal heterogeneity by year. For 2020, the probability of occurrence was higher in Middle Africa (0.34, 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.46), followed by Western Africa (0.33, 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.44), Eastern Africa (0.24, 95% CI: 0.17 to 0.33) and Southern Africa (0.08, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.11). Temporal heterogeneity indicated that the probability of occurrence increased between 2000 and 2020 in countries such as the Republic of the Congo (0.05 to 0.59) and Democratic Republic of the Congo (0.10 to 0.48) whereas it decreased in countries such as Uganda (0.65 to 0.23) or Zimbabwe (0.61 to 0.37).ConclusionThe iNTS disease occurrence varied greatly across sub-Saharan Africa, with certain regions being disproportionately affected. Exploring regions at high risk for iNTS disease, despite the limitations in our data, may inform focused resource allocation. This targeted approach may enhance efforts to combat iNTS disease in more affected areas.
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Chen, Sheng, PeiZhong Wu, Ting Zhang, Jianqiang Zhang et Hongjun Gao. « Global scientific trends on the islet transplantation in the 21st century : A bibliometric and visualized analysis ». Medicine 103, no 17 (26 avril 2024) : e37945. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000037945.
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Background: Islet transplantation (IT) has emerged as a significant research area for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and has witnessed a surge in scholarly attention. Despite its growing importance, there is a lack of bibliometric analyses that encapsulate the evolution and scientific underpinnings of this field. This study aims to fill this gap by conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to delineate current research hotspots and forecast future trajectories within the IT domain with a particular focus on evidence-based medicine practices. Methods: This analysis scrutinized literature from January 1, 2000, to October 1, 2023, using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Employing bibliometric tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix,” we systematically evaluated the literature to uncover scientific trends and collaboration networks in IT research. Results: The analysis revealed 8388 publications from 82 countries, predominantly the United States and China. However, global cross-institutional collaboration in IT research requires further strengthening. The number of IT-related publications has increased annually. Leading research institutions in this field include Harvard University, the University of Alberta, the University of Miami, and the University of Minnesota. “Transplantation” emerges as the most frequently cited journal in this area. Shapiro and Ricordi were the most prolific authors, with 126 and 121 publications, respectively. Shapiro also led to co-citations, totaling 4808. Key research focuses on IT sites and procedures as well as novel therapies in IT. Emerging research hotspots are identified by terms like “xenotransplantation,” “apoptosis,” “stem cells,” “immunosuppression,” and “microencapsulation.” Conclusions: The findings underscore a mounting anticipation for future IT research, which is expected to delve deeper into evidence-based methodologies for IT sites, procedures, and novel therapeutic interventions. This shift toward evidence-based medicine underscores the field’s commitment to enhancing the efficacy and safety of IT for diabetes treatment, signaling a promising direction for future investigations aimed at optimizing patient outcomes.
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Maloney, Mary Alison, Lisa Schwartz, Daria O'Reilly et Mitchel Levine. « DRUG DISINVESTMENT FRAMEWORKS : COMPONENTS, CHALLENGES, AND SOLUTIONS ». International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 33, no 2 (2017) : 261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462317000277.
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Objectives:Value assessments of marketed drug technologies have been developed through disinvestment frameworks. Components of these frameworks are varied and implementation challenges are prevalent. The objective of this systematic literature review was to describe disinvestment framework process components for drugs and to report on framework components, challenges, and solutions.Methods:A systematic literature search was conducted using the terms: reassessment, reallocation, reinvestment, disinvestment, delist, decommission or obsolescence in MEDLINE, EMBASE, NLM PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL from January 1, 2000, until November 14, 2015. Additional citations were identified through a gray literature search of Health Technology Assessment international (HTAi) and the International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA) member Web sites and from bibliographies of full-text reviewed manuscripts.Results:Sixty-three articles underwent full text review and forty were included in the qualitative analysis. Framework components including disinvestment terms and definitions, identification and prioritization criteria and methods, assessment processes, stakeholders and dissemination strategies, challenges, and solutions were compiled. This review finds that stakeholders lack the political, administrative, and clinical will to support disinvestment and that there is not one disinvestment framework that is considered best practice.Conclusions:Drug technology disinvestment components and processes vary and challenges are numerous. Future research should focus on lessening value assessment challenges. This could include adopting more neutral framework terminology, setting fixed reassessment timelines, conducting therapeutic reviews, and modifying current qualitative decision-making assessment frameworks.
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Moherdaui, Luciana. « Jornais de internet simulam o papel ». Revista Observatório 1, no 1 (30 septembre 2015) : 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/uft.2447-4266.2015v1n1p63.
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A partir de pesquisa realizada em interfaces jornalísticas dos principais sites de jornais do Brasil e do mundo, este artigo apresenta o estado da arte do jornalismo e aponta diretrizes para repensar a forma pela qual são exibidas as notícias na internet, especialmente nas redes sociais. O trabalho é fundamentado por teóricos como Lev Manovich, Tim Berners-Lee, Ted Nelson, Gilles Deleuze e Félix Guattari.Palavras-chave: jornalismo, internet, interface, rede social ABSTRACTBased on an online research of interface newspaper sites in Brazil as well as other parts of the world, this article describes the current state of journalism and provides guidelines for rethinking the way in which the news are displayed on the Internet, specially on social networks. The work is supported by theorists such as Lev Manovich, Tim Berners-Lee , Ted Nelson , Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari.Keywords: journalism, internet, interface, social network RESUMENA partir de una investigación de las interfaces periodísticas de los principales sitios web de Brasil y del mundo, este artículo presenta el estado del arte del periodismo y muestra directrices para repensar la forma como las noticias son presentadas en la internet, especialmente en las redes sociales. El trabajo tiene como base la obra de teóricos como Lev Manovich, Tim Berners-Lee, Ted Nelson, Gilles Deleuze y Félix Guattari.Palabras clave: periodismo, internet, interface, redes sociales. ReferênciasCASTELLS, M. Communication power. Nova York: Oxford Press, 2009.CORREIA, Fernando. Os jornalistas e as notícias. Lisboa: Editorial Caminho, 1997DELEUZE, G.; GUATTARI, F. Mil Platôs - Capitalismo e esquizofrenia. São Paulo: Editora 34, v. 1, 2004.__________________________. Mil Platôs - Capitalismo e esquizofrenia. São Paulo: Editora 34, v. 5, 2007.FOUCAULT, M. Vigiar e Punir - Nascimento da prisão. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1999.GALTUNG, J., RUGE, J. The structure of foreign news. Journal of Peace Research, vol. 1. Noruega, 1965. p. 64-90. Disponível em http://bit.ly/Ak9NGw. Acesso jul. 2015.GANS, H. Deciding what´s news. A study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, News, Newsweek and Time. New York: Pantheon Books, 1979.GIBSON, W. Neuromancer. São Paulo: Editora Aleph, 2003.JOHNSON, S. Cultura da interface: como o computador transforma nossa maneira de criar e comunicar. Rio de Janeiro: Jorge Zahar, 2001.KUNCZIK, M. Conceitos de jornalismo. São Paulo: Edusp, 1997.LÉVY, P. Cibercultura. São Paulo: Editora 34, 1999.LIPPMAN, W. Opinião pública. Petrópolis: Vozes, 2008.MANOVICH, L. Software takes command. Software Studies, EUA, 20 nov. 2008 In: http://bit.ly/1TPMWID Acesso jul. 2015.MOHERDAUI, L. Guia de estilo web: produção e edição de notícias on-line. 3ª ed. São Paulo: Senac, 2007.MONACHESI, J. Contra a clicagem burra. Folha de S. Paulo, São Paulo, jan. 2004, p. 8 - 9 - 18.NELSON, T. Deeper Cosmology, Deeper Documents, 2001. The Twelfth ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia, Dinamarca, 14-18 ago. 2001 http://bit.ly/xpgIMR. Acesso jul. 2015.PAUL, N. The elements of digital story making. Universidade de Minsesota, EUA, 2005.____________. New News retrospective: Is online news reaching its potential? Online Journalism Review, Califórnia, 24 mar. 2005. Disponível em http://bit.ly/1Iec9E5. Acesso jul. 2015.SCHUDSON, M. The Sociology of News. New York: Jeffrey C. Alexander, 2003.SHIRKY, C. A cultura da participação. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar, 2010.SOUSA, J. P. Tobias Peucer. Progenitor da Teoria do Jornalismo. Biblioteca On-Line de Ciências da Comunicação. Portugal, 2004. Disponível em: http://bit.ly/y5USBi. Acesso jul. 2015.TIM Berners-Lee on the next web. TED 2009, EUA. Disponível em http://bit.ly/1cwDl7M. Acesso 24 ago. 2015.TUCHMAN, G. Making news: a study in the construction of reality. New York: Press. 1978.TWITTER noticiou morte de Bin Laden antes de Obama. Infoexame, São Paulo, 2 mai. 2011. Disponível em: http://bit.ly/rezYTV. Acesso jul. 2015.WEINBERGER, D. The hyperlinked metaphysics of the web. Hyperorg, 3 dez. 2000.Disponível em: http://bit.ly/zSrkus. 2000. Acesso em jul. 2015.WOLF, M. Teorias da comunicação de massa. Lisboa: Presença, 1995. Disponível em:Url: http://opendepot.org/2717/PID: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-458106 Abrir em (para melhor visualização em dispositivos móveis - Formato Flipbooks):Issuu / Calameo