Articles de revues : « Sistema socioeconomo »

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Tutia, Marcelo Hiroshi, Paulo André de Oliveira et Carlos Roberto Padovani. « COMPARAÇÃO DO CONSUMO DE ÁGUA E ENERGIA ELÉTRICA E INDICADORES SOCIOECONÔMICOS EM CONJUNTOS HABITACIONAIS COM E SEM SISTEMA DE AQUECIMENTO SOLAR ». ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 32, n^o 1 (10 juin 2017) : 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2017v32n1p48-56.

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Atualmente fontes de energia renováveis são exploradas para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e se destacam por serem mais limpas e menos poluentes. Entre estas fontes de energia renováveis, a energia solar é usada em sistemas de aquecimento solar de água, que tem entre seus objetivos, o de proporcionar economia de energia elétrica, pois fornece água quente sem a necessidade de utilizar sistemas elétricos, como o chuveiro elétrico, o qual é um dos aparelhos que mais consome energia. Para proporcionar economia do consumo de energia elétrica, minimizar impactos ambientais, redirecionar investimentos em novas fontes geradoras de energia elétrica, o Governo do Estado de São Paulo, em conjunto com a Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional e Urbano do Estado de São Paulo - CDHU, como política de habitação, instalaram, nas residências de interesse social o sistema de aquecimento solar de água. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi comparar o consumo de água e energia elétrica, e variáveis socieconômicas entre dois conjuntos habitacionais, sem e com o sistema de aquecimento solar, na cidade de Ourinhos-SP. Os resultados permitiram concluir que existe diferença significativa entre os conjuntos de variáveis de consumo e as socioeconômicas.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: T2 de Hotelling, consumo, socioeconômico, sistema de aquecimento solar, habitações de interesse social. WATER AND ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION COMPARISON AND SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS ON HOUSING SETS WITH AND WITHOUT SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM.ABSTRACT: Currently, renewable energy sources are used to the society development and stand out for being less polluting. Among the renewable energy sources, the solar energy is used in water heating systems, that has among its objectives, to provide savings of electricity heating water without the need for electrical systems such as the electric shower which is one of the appliances that consume more energy. To provide energy consumption economy, minimize environmental impacts, redirect investment in new sources of electricity, the Government of the State of Sao Paulo, together with the Development Company of Housing and Urban of the State of Sao Paulo - CDHU, installed theses systems in homes of social interest. The objective of this research was to compare the consumption of water and electricity, and socioeconomic variables between two housing projects with and without solar heating system in the city of Ourinhos-SP. The results showed a significant difference between consumption and socioeconomic variables.

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Silva Junior, José Itabirici de Souza e., Fabrício Khoury Rebello, Herdjania Veras de Lima, Marcos Antônio Souza dos Santos, Maria Lúcia Bahia Lopes, Artur Vinícius Ferreira dos Santos et Antônio José Elias Amorim de Menezes. « Socioeconomia e perspectivas dos sistemas de produção do açaizeiro no Município de Abaetetuba (PA), Amazônia brasileira ». Research, Society and Development 10, n^o 1 (30 janvier 2021) : e53010112015. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.12015.

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Procurou-se responder se os sistemas de produção extrativista e de manejo de açaizeiros (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) conseguem se manter socioeconomicamente sustentáveis. Com este propósito levantou-se o perfil socioeconômico e produtivo dos extrativistas e manejadores de açaizais nativos nas ilhas Uruá e Paruru e no emergente sistema de plantio em áreas de terra firme no município de Abaetetuba (PA), um dos principais produtores nacional do açaí. Foram aplicados 100 questionários semiestruturados junto às famílias produtoras de açaí em comunidades ribeirinhas nas duas ilhas e sete em áreas de terra firme. Desse modo, foram observadas a caracterização socioeconômica das famílias dos produtores, os sistemas de produção adotados e a condução de algumas políticas públicas, como as de crédito e assistência técnica. Os resultados indicam que, em função da crescente demanda pelo fruto, os produtores conseguiram gerar uma renda adicional, elevando seu padrão de vida. Entretanto, persistem problemas relacionados à infraestrutura produtiva e à necessidade de se expandir a oferta de açaí, em bases racionais e sustentáveis, para atender a demanda de mercado que se expandiu fortemente no âmbito regional e nacional, como em vários nichos de mercado em alguns países. O cultivo do açaizeiro em áreas já alteradas na economia paraense e com tecnologia apropriada, ao mesmo tempo em que consolida uma atividade econômica importante no âmbito local, inclusive envolvendo os pequenos produtores, pode contribuir para assegurar a conservação de áreas nativas na Amazônia.

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Rúa Ramírez, Edwin Blasnilo, Andrea Isabel Barrera Siabato et Martín Gómez Orduz. « Analisis tecnico, socioeconomico y ambiental de la electrificación con energía solar fotovoltaica aislada para vivienda rural en Hato Corozal, Casanare, Colombia ». Revista de Investigación Agraria y Ambiental 8, n^o 1 (5 juin 2017) : 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22490/21456453.1853.

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La electrificación con energía solar fotovoltaica aislada es la opción más viable para vivienda rural, en especial si se encuentra muy distante del sistema nacional interconectado. Hato Corozal, Casanare, Colombia, es un municipio estructurado en su área rural por fincas muy alejadas entre sí. Su mayor inconveniente de desarrollo social y económico es la falta de electricidad como servicio de primera necesidad. La gobernación de Casanare a través del fondo nacional de regalías aprobó la instalación de 206 sistemas solares fotovoltaicos (SFV) a las familias más alejadas y más vulnerables del municipio. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue realizar una evaluación socio-económica de las familias de la zona rural del municipio, beneficiadas con la instalación de estos sistemas SFV. Además, se realizó un análisis técnico de simulación de la operación del SFV dimensionado con 2 días sin sol y luego 12 días con sol, también se hizo una simulación de la operación del SFV dimensionado con 14 días con sol. Esta investigación se abordó desde el enfoque metodológico descriptivo y de investigación aplicada de campo que incluyó visita a las viviendas, aplicación, análisis de instrumentos y registro fotográfico. Los resultados presentan gran incidencia desde un enfoque social, económico y ambiental que puede llegar a ser implementado en otras áreas rurales del país como ejemplo de uso de tecnologías limpias en favor del desarrollo rural sostenible.

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Santos, Francisco José da Silva, Bianca Bentes da Silva, Maria Eduarda Garcia de Sousa Pereira, Kátia Cristina de Araújo Silva, Israel Hidenburgo Aniceto Cintra, Marcos Antônio Souza dos Santos et Caio Cezar Ferreira de Souza. « Socioeconomia e percepção ambiental dos profissionais lagosteiros na Plataforma Continental Amazônica ». Research, Society and Development 9, n^o 7 (16 juin 2020) : e832974577. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4577.

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Objetivou-se verificar o perfil socioeconômico dos profissionais lagosteiros e a percepção destes em relação ao sistema pesqueiro “lagosta” na costa norte do Brasil. Foram entrevistados 40 profissionais, entre armadores, mestres e pescadores residentes nos municípios de Augusto Corrêa e Bragança (Pará), por meio da técnica “Bola de Neve”, entre setembro/14 e dezembro/15. Uma lista de 41 atributos, na forma de variáveis categóricas, foi elaborada para caracterizar o sistema pesqueiro “lagosta”. Os entrevistados eram do sexo masculino, com idade entre 21 e 60 anos. Desses, 62,5% nasceram no estado do Ceará e possuem baixo nível de escolaridade (60%). A renda dos entrevistados variou de R$ 800,00 a R$ 19.000,00/viagem, refletindo nas boas condições básicas de moradia e saúde, exceto para alguns pescadores. Acidentes de trabalho foram relados por mestres (20%) e pescadores (15%) durante as pescarias. A partir da percepção dos entrevistados, foi elencado padrões particulares para o sistema pesqueiro “lagosta”. Em geral, destacaram-se as dimensões social, econômico e ambiental, indicando a importância dessa atividade na manutenção familiar, bem como, características ambientais satisfatórias. Contrapondo, as dimensões tecnológicas e de sustentabilidade, uma vez, que o processamento e a conservação da lagosta a bordo são inadequados, levando a baixa qualidade, comprometendo sua comercialização.

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Ribeiro, Raimundo Nonato da Silveira, Antônio Cordeiro de Santana et Manoel Malheiros Tourinho. « Análise exploratória da socioeconomia de sistemas agroflorestais em várzea flúvio-marinha, Cametá-Pará, Brasil ». Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural 42, n^o 1 (janvier 2004) : 133–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-20032004000100007.

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Este trabalho objetivou identificar e caracterizar o sistema de exploração da várzea flúvio-marinha em unidades de produção agroflorestal - UPA, nos aspectos florísticos e socioeconômicos. Utilizaram-se as técnicas do inventário florestal, orçamentos unitários e questionários. Os resultados expressaram uma composição florística média de 2.920,7 indivíduos/ha com circunferência à altura do peito (CAP)>10 cm, com maiores frequência de açaí (50,63%), cacau (31,02%) e virola (6,76%). O Sistema está constituído pela exploração florestal madeireira, não-madeireira, pesca e criação de aves e suínos. O custo anual do sistema agroflorestal - SAF é de R$ 1.866,25/UPA e a renda bruta anual oriunda do SAF é de R$ 2.959,08/UPA. Concluiu-se que o sistema é do tipo agrossilvipastoril, em que a atividade de criação de aves e suínos utiliza como fonte de alimentos a mariscagem na várzea. A tecnologia utilizada, em princípio, favorece a conservação e preservação do ecossistema, há todavia a necessidade de qualificação de mão-de-obra familiar. A renda bruta anual do SAF denota viabilidade econômica das UPA no nível do salário mínimo, porém, tais unidades são pluriativas, apresentando rendas múltiplas, cujas rendas não-agrícolas são fundamentais para a permanência das famílias na atividade e no meio rural.

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Charco, Jorge M., Tomás Barrio et Hasier Eraña. « Enfermedades priónicas : historia, diversidad e importancia socioeconómica como paradigma de las Enfermedades Raras ». Araucaria, n^o 46 (2021) : 429–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/araucaria.2021.i46.21.

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Las enfermedades raras son aquellas patologías que afectan a una proporción muy reducida de la población (menos de 50 casos por cada 100 000 personas). Por esta razón, la investigación sobre sus causas y mecanismos, algo imprescindible para dar con una forma de tratarlas o prevenirlas, es insuficiente. Por ello, los pacientes denuncien la falta de cobertura del sistema sanitario y la discriminación social que supone padecer una de estas patologías. Entre las enfermedades raras, se encuentran las denominadas enfermedades priónicas o encefalopatías espongiformes transmisibles. A pesar de ser relativamente conocidas gracias a la crisis sanitaria que supuso el “mal de las vacas locas” a finales del siglo pasado, se conoce todavía relativamente poco sobre estas patologías que afectan tanto a animales como a humanos. En este monográfico se pretende dar a conocer la fascinante historia y la diversidad de las enfermedades priónicas, que sacudieron los cimientos de la biología conocida hasta los años 80 al poner en escena a un nuevo y desconcertante tipo de agente infeccioso: los priones.

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Ramírez Zambrano, Jorge Raúl, et Dennys Jazmín Manzano López. « Interrelación entre la deserción escolar y las condiciones socioeconómicas de las familias : el caso de la ciudad de Cúcuta (Colombia) ». Revista de Economía del Caribe, n^o 10 (29 juin 2022) : 203–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/ecoca.10.336.428.

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El presente artículo establece las conexiones entre la educación y el desarrollo adoptando el enfoque de las capacidades planteado por Amartya Sen. La educación es un medio que posibilita la movilidad social y permite superar las situaciones de pobreza y desigualdad, además auspicia la formación ciudadana y fomenta el debate público, permitiéndole a la ciudadanía influir en el manejo de la sociedad y mejorar la calidad de vida. La investigación plantea la idea de que la condición socioeconómica de las familias es quizás el principal factor que determina la deserción escolar en el ciclo secundario en la ciudad de Cúcuta. Para establecer el grado de influencia, se analiza la situación de la deserción dentro del sistema educativo nacional, departamental y municipal, haciendo uso de las estadísticas manejadas por el Ministerio de Educación Nacional (MEN); seguidamente, se identifican las características de los desertores y sus familias; de igual manera se plantea un modelo econométrico que permite observar las interrelaciones e incidencia de las variables sobre el objeto de estudio. Finalmente se establecen algunas conclusiones y recomendaciones.

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Cierniak, Virginia Eulacio. « Part 1 : Community Music Therapy and El Sistema : Addressing the Empowerment Needs of Individuals and Communities Facing Socioeconomic Marginalization ». Music and Medicine 11, n^o 1 (28 janvier 2019) : 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v11i1.653.

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Music is an accessible tool for positive change within people and societies, even in places facing socioeconomic marginalization due to poverty, discrimination, and lack of access to resources. Social capital has to do with the resources and networks available within society, which may help confront issues faced by individuals and communities. Community Music Therapy (CoMT) and the music education movement known as El Sistema both utilize music—understood as social capital—to address social justice. The purpose of this study was to comparatively examine the ways in which CoMT and El Sistema programs may address the empowerment needs of individuals and communities facing socioeconomic marginalization and suggest how these two approaches may be able to work synergistically to achieve their shared goals. Its findings reveal many parallels and divergence between El Sistema and CoMT in terms of the role of the music, program structure, social justice goals, outcomes, music education practice, areas of intersection, existing scholarly research, and criticisms each has received.

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Gissi Barbieri, Emiliano Nicolás, et Gonzalo Ghio Suárez. « Integración y exclusión de inmigrantes colombianos recientes en Santiago de Chile : estrato socioeconómico y “raza” en la geocultura del sistema-mundo ». Papeles de Población 23, n^o 93 (1 juillet 2017) : 151–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22185/24487147.2017.93.025.

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Santos, Jacqueline Silva, Alex Junio Silva Cruz, Cristina Mariano Ruas, Edmilson Antônio Pereira Júnior, Flávio Freitas Mattos, Monina Klevens et Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães Abreu. « Factors associated with the use of a public information system of dentist-prescribed antibiotics in Minas Gerais, Brazil ». Ciência & ; Saúde Coletiva 27, n^o 9 (septembre 2022) : 3741–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232022279.07422022.

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Abstract This article aims to investigate the association between socioeconomic factors, health care organizations, and the use of a management and monitoring system for the dispensing of antibiotics prescribed by dentists in public health services in Minas Gerais, Brazil. This is an ecological-epidemiological study that analyzed secondary data from the Integrated Pharmaceutical Care Management System (SIGAF) of the Department of Health of the state of MG, Brazil, in 2017. Thirteen independent variables were analyzed to assess their influence on municipal adherence to SIGAF system considering dental prescriptions of antibiotics. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed, and the Classification and Regression Tree technique was used to identify the municipal variables associated with the outcome. A total of 57,279 antibiotic courses prescribed by dentists and recorded in SIGAF were examined. Socioeconomic factors were not associated with the use of SIGAF to record these prescriptions. Oral healthcare coverage was positively associated with the use of SIGAF for the dispensing of antibiotics prescribed by dentists. Dental Specialties Center were negatively associated with the outcome. Municipalities with high oral healthcare coverage and those without a Dental Specialties Center were more likely to use SIGAF.

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Alì, Nunzio. « ENLARGING POLITICAL IMAGINATION : IDEAL TYPES OF SOCIAL SYSTEMS AND A PLURALISTIC DISTRIBUTIVE APPROACH ». Lua Nova : Revista de Cultura e Política, n^o 117 (septembre 2022) : 169–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0102-169204/117.

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Abstract The background position of this paper is that an excessive economic inequality between the most and the least advantaged citizens in a liberal democracy has a relevant effect on exposing the latter to the risk of material domination. In this respect, this paper argues that even the most sophisticated and ambitious version of the so-called “insulation strategy” recently proposed by Julia Cagé is an insufficient remedy for the influence of money on politics. Moreover, it sustains that we have strong reasons to maintain a noncommittal view about the choice of ideal types of social systems. Being committed in principle to only one specific ideal social system restricts our political imagination and democratic autonomy of political societies. By contrast, this paper suggests coupling the noncommittal view with a “pluralistic distributive approach”, the main purpose of which is to focus on a set of distributive proposals concerning the most crucial areas of socioeconomic structures in liberal democracies.

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Obradović, Vesna. « The role of oxidative stress and antioxidant defence system in periodontitis ». Medicinski casopis 54, n^o 2 (2020) : 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/mckg54-24883.

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The prevalence of periodontal disease is very high in the adult population. According to research results, as much as 46% of the total population was affected by periodontal disease in the period from 2010 to 2012, which would mean that 64.7 million people had periodontitis, of which 8% had a severe form of this disease. Having in mind the clinical and socioeconomic significance of periodontitis, this review aims to present in a comprehensive way the pathogenetic aspects of periodontitis with a special emphasis on oxidative stress and antioxidant protection mechanisms as possible molecular mechanisms for the development of periodontitis in adults. Oxidation stress is involved in the progression of periodontitis as a chronic inflammatory disease of periodontium, which occurs as a result of imbalance between host response and bacterial infection. At the same time there is a decreased antioxidant activity and salivary gland capacity, which contributes to the further development of this disease. MDA is the most common lipid peroxidation derivative that occurs in periodontitis. All of the mentioned literature data suggest that the elevated MDA values may be due to both local and systemic oxidative stress as a response to inflammatory periodontal disease alone or in combination with other systemic disorders and smoking. The harmful effects of ROS during oxidative stress occur through lipid peroxidation processes and irreversible protein modification to cell apoptosis and programmed cell death. In addition to the two most important signal pathways, caspase pathway and NADPH oxidase-4 pathway, several other signaling pathways mediate in oxidative cell damage: PERK/NRF2 signal path, JNK / mitogen-activating pathway (MAP). When a clinically visible inflammatory process occurs in periodontium, this usually presents a condition that is more or less irreversible. In parodontology, therefore, the idea of introducing biochemical analyzes to diagnose the inflammatory process in parodontium is still open before it can be seen at the clinical level. For this reason, the significance of the role of oxidative stress, the antioxidant protection of the organism and the molecular mechanisms by which damage occurs is an indisputable importance. Assessment and measurement of biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes can play a central role in monitoring biochemical indicators of parodontium state and even assist with various methods of treatment of periodontal disease.

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Cierniak, Virginia Eulacio. « Part 2 : Community Music Therapy and El Sistema : A Multiple Case Design Study Reflecting Music's Empowerment in Marginalized Communities ». Music and Medicine 11, n^o 1 (28 janvier 2019) : 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.47513/mmd.v11i1.660.

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Music is an accessible tool that has been used to foster change within people and societies, even in those places facing socioeconomic marginalization due to poverty, discrimination, and lack of access to resources. Social capital has to do with the resources and networks available within a society, which may help confront issues faced by individuals and communities. Community Music Therapy (CoMT) and the music education movement known as El Sistema* both utilize music—understood as social capital—to address social justice. Part I of this article defines CoMT and examines the purpose and goals of CoMT and El Sistema comparatively, and the ways in which their programs may address the empowerment needs of individuals and communities facing socioeconomic marginalization. Part II reviews the findings of a study that leads toward a suggestion of how these two approaches may be able to work synergistically to achieve their shared goals. Findings reveal many parallels and divergences between El Sistema and CoMT which may be useful in advancing change. This article defines the role of the music, program structure, social justice goals, outcomes, music education practice, areas of intersection, existing scholarly research, and criticisms each has received, in an effort to further advance the understanding and possibilities music’s influence may have on society.

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Da Silva, Renata Rodrigues, et Geisa Daise Gumiero Cleps. « CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A SOCIOECONOMIA SOLIDÁRIA E O TERCEIRO SETOR ». Caminhos de Geografia 12, n^o 38 (15 juin 2011) : 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/rcg123816501.

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O capitalismo, embora seja um modo de produção bastante resistente, capaz de enfrentar várias crises e, ainda assim se fortalecer depara-se com formas de resistências, uma vez que esse sistema é sustentado por desigualdades e injustiças. Como exemplo dessas resistências destaca-se a socioeconomia solidária ou economia solidária, que se constitui em uma alternativa de geração de trabalho e renda, buscando a inserção de excluídos social e economicamente na sociedade. Entende-se por socioeconomia solidária, alternativas que visem minimizar problemas relacionados ao desemprego crescente, sendo também uma fonte de geração de renda para parte da população que não é atendida pelo modo capitalista de produção. A prática de socioeconomia solidária constitui-se como um fenômeno antigo, tendo origem com a Revolução Industrial. Porém, observa-se um incentivo maior a esta outra economia a partir das últimas décadas do século XX, principalmente no Brasil, destacando-se o processo de expansão da socioeconomia solidária no país, bem como no estado de Minas Gerais. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a atual situação da socioeconomia solidária.

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Bohórquez-Rivera, Víctor, Elsa Cancino-Susan et Enrique Quevedo-García. « Agroecological characterization of Sacha Inchi (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) crop production system in Arauquita, Colombia ». Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 39, n^o 4 (7 octobre 2022) : e223948. http://dx.doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v39.n4.03.

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The Sacha Inchi or Inca peanut (Plukenetia volubilis Linneo) is an oily plant native to the Amazon, consumed by indigenous people since ancient times and recognized for its great contribution of essential fatty acids, antioxidants and proteins, being potentially attractive as a legal agricultural alternative for the reincorporation of insurgent groups. The objective of the research was to characterize the productive system of Sacha Inchi in the municipality of Arauquita, Colombia. Fifty farmers were selected (40 peasants and 10 ex-combatants of the FARC-EP), using an intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The information was collected through a questionnaire and two participatory workshops aimed at identifying limitations and potentialities of the agroecological and productive system. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate statistics. The classification analysis allowed partitioning the set of farmers, based on socioeconomic and environmental characteristics necessary to guide extension plans. The results showed that the most used agroecological practices are: soil conservation, application of lime, use of compost as fertilizer, use of certified seed and direct sowing. Low crop rotation and limited use of phytosanitary products were evidenced. The participatory workshops made it possible to identify crop limitations such as low productivity, few marketing channels and lack of knowledge of some agroecological techniques necessary to improve its productivity. Agroecological practices must be reinforced and expanded through extension programs to achieve recognition as agroecological producers, since this crop is a highly viable alternative for the municipality of Arauquita, within the framework of the peace agreement.

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Ahedo Santisteban, Manuel. « El cooperativismo danés en el sistema societal de alternativas al capitalismo. Trayectorias nacionales y dinámicas transnacionales ». Gizarte Ekonomiaren Euskal Aldizkaria - Revista Vasca de Economía Social, n^o 16 (17 janvier 2020) : 69–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1387/reves.21219.

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El cooperativismo en Europa se ha mantenido como una importante tradición de organización socioeconómica alternativa a las formas capitalistas dominantes, y es parte del sistema societal de alternativas al capitalismo. Este sistema se fundamenta en la construcción de formas colectivas y cooperativas de producción e intercambio. La sociedad de Dinamarca se caracteriza por ser una sociedad de ciudadano/as-trabajadore/as empoderado/as. Para entender el papel del cooperativismo en el sistema nacional danés de alternativas al capitalismo se realiza un doble análisis: a) un análisis del tipo de cooperativismo danés con sus variantes y trayectorias particulares, y b) un análisis de la coevolución del cooperativismo en relación a otros movimientos que han desarrollado la dimensión colectiva en la socioeconomía, en concreto el movimiento laboral-sindical y el movimiento socialdemócrata de bienestar público. El análisis nacional se enmarca en el contexto regional de los países nórdicos y de Europa.

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Golgher, André Braz. « The evolution of local schooling systems at the secondary level in Brazil between 1991 and 2010 ». Nova Economia 32, n^o 1 (avril 2022) : 131–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/6752.

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Abstract In spite of the negative overall representation of Brazilian secondary schools, the educational system at this level has shown remarkable quantitative developments. This paper proposes evolutionary paths of development of local secondary educational systems and addresses their determinants. It uses four schooling indicators - age specific enrollment ratio, gross enrollment ratio, net enrollment ratio, and age-grade distortion - conjointly with the use of cluster analysis to determine development trajectories. Furthermore, it analyses the main determinants of the evolutionary paths with the use of logistic and multinomial logistic models. Regional aspects related to socioeconomic level, labor market returns to human capital, demographics, social stability, location and microenvironment were associated with educational evolution.

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Lingua, Valeria. « Limiti e opportunitŕ della democrazia partecipativa nei piccoli comuni ». ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, n^o 97 (février 2011) : 297–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2010-097017.

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Il percorso partecipativo attivato per la realizzazione del piano strutturale in un piccolo comune della periferia toscana permette di sviluppare alcune riflessioni sulle opportunitŕ e i limiti dell'attivazione di processi partecipativi in realtŕ di piccole dimensioni. L'autrice evidenzia dilemmi e conflitti emergenti in contesti marginali rispetto al sistema socioeconomico, infrastrutturale e turistico dominante, dotati di un buon substrato di capitale sociale, ma di scarse risorse tecniche, finanziarie e culturali.

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de Macêdo Filho, Leonardo J. M., Ana Carolina A. Aragão, Ian A. Moura, Lucas B. Olivier et Lucas Alverne F. Albuquerque. « Malpractice and socioeconomic aspects in neurosurgery : a developing-country reality ». Neurosurgical Focus 49, n^o 5 (novembre 2020) : E13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2020.8.focus20571.

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OBJECTIVENeurosurgery occupies a prominent place in medical malpractice, but cases are still underreported in Brazil. This study describes the socioeconomic issues of medical malpractice in neurosurgery procedures and how they culminate in unfavorable outcomes in a developing country.METHODSThe authors analyzed 112 neurosurgical procedures listed in the Brazilian Hospital Information System (Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde [SIHSUS]) records in the DATASUS (Departamento de Informática do SUS) database between January 2008 and February 2020. Malpractice data were collected using the JusBrasil platform, with the authors searching the name of each of the 112 neurosurgical procedures plus “medical malpractice” among the jurisprudence records for January 2008 to February 2020. A simple linear regression analysis was performed using appropriate software. Analyses were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.RESULTSAccording to DATASUS, 842,041 neurosurgical procedures were performed by the Brazilian Unified Health System between January 2008 and February 2020. The mean hospitalization cost for neurosurgical procedures was $714.06, and the average amount paid to professionals per procedure was $145.28 with variations according to the type of practice (public or private) in which they were performed, the complexity of the procedure, and the Brazilian region. The mortality rate and mean length of stay for neurosurgical procedures were 11.37% and 10.15 days, respectively. There were 79 medical malpractice lawsuits in the studied period. In these lawsuits, 26.58% of the court decisions were unfavorable to the neurosurgeons, with a mean compensation per procedure 15 times higher than the median value paid for all professionals in a neurosurgical procedure. The spine subspecialty had more lawsuits, and the brain tumor subspecialty had the most expensive compensation.A lack of resources in public healthcare negatively impacts inpatient care. The mortality rate was 1.5 times higher in public practice than in private practice and was inversely proportional to the MTCs paid for the neurosurgical procedure. Patients with the lower educational levels associated with limited access to good medical care could reflect the lower plaintiff motivation in regions with a low gross domestic product and Human Development Index. In most cases, there is no understanding from either the patient or his family about the health-disease process, nor that there was medical malpractice committed by the physician to be sued.CONCLUSIONSThe socioeconomic inequalities and the population’s low awareness of their rights could explain the few malpractice cases reported in Brazil. The authors recommend better decisions regarding the investments to be made in neurosurgical procedures to reduce malpractice lawsuits.

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Salinas Rebolledo, Elizabeth Angélica, Rolando De la Cruz Medías et Gabriel Bastías Silva. « Nonattendance to medical specialists’ appointments and its relation to regional environmental and socioeconomic indicators in the Chilean public health system ». Medwave 14, n^o 09 (15 octobre 2014) : e6023-e6023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2014.09.6023.

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Sutikno, Sutikno, Eddy Setiadi Soedjono, Agnes Tuti Rumiati et Lantip Trisunarno. « PEMILIHAN PROGRAM PENGENTASAN KEMISKINAN MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DENGAN PENDEKATAN SISTEM ». Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan : Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 11, n^o 1 (27 juin 2015) : 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v11i1.339.

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This research aims to compile the programs for poverty alleviation by community empowerment model and review the determination program as effectiveness evaluation poverty alleviation program which still can’t be worked properly. Stages the compiling program of poverty alleviation is mapping the socioeconomic conditions of the poor, basic infrastructure conditions, socio-cultural issues, and potential issues; identifying the hopes and predicting the economic development opportunities; creating the poverty alleviation program by SWOT analysis and planning implementation program with KPD. Based on the result of SWOT and scoring analysis, the selected programs are training and assistance, the establishment of cooperative saving and loans, clean water for poor households, rural development with the utilization of clean water, household waste management, and package education program A, B, and C.

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Casanova, Daniel. « Equidad de Acceso a la Educación Superior : El “Puntaje Ranking de Notas” Como Mecanismo de Inclusión en el Sistema de Admisión de Chile ». education policy analysis archives 23 (3 août 2015) : 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.v23.1908.

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In Chile, from the year 2013, “Class Rank” was introduced as a new factor of university selection in the Chilean admission system, which aim is to improve equity in access to higher university education. This policy has provoked diverse objections and the evaluation carried out has shown almost no impact in altering the inequity of access in general. However, this called diversity of Chilean higher education, is expected to have significant effect in the most selective programs, which have a more socially elitized group of students. This paper analyzes the results of the “Class Rank” mechanism in relation to its objectives, in a set of the highest selective majors. Based on the record of selected applicants from the years 2012 to 2014, an indicator of socioeconomic classification of each student was constructed. The aim of this indicator is to follow the changes in the social composition of the selected students in the most selective programs, before and after the introduction of the “Class Rank” in the admission process. It is concluded that there are no changes in the socioeconomic dimension, from the incorporation of “Class Rank” in the admissions process. At the same time a more open debate is proposed about the relation among the inclusion policies and selection methodologies at higher university level.

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Bickel, Cristiano Gurgel. « A produção associada autogestionária na construção civil como estratégia para a integração do sistema da economia social na autogestão territorial ». Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais 15, n^o 2 (30 novembre 2013) : 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2013v15n2p25.

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Neste trabalho problematiza-se o segmento autogestionário da construção civil como um lugar teórico-prático de transformação socioeconômica para a superação da produção capitalista do espaço. Para tanto, formulam-se críticas à cultura produtiva, em suas formas heterogestionária e autogestionária, estabelecendo-se proposições teórico-práticas para um amplo funcionamento da economia social no setor da construção civil. Essas proposições estão sintetizadas nos conceitos de canteiro-escola para autogestão e redes de construção autogestionária, enfocando-se respectivamente a reprodução sociopolítica do trabalho associado na construção civil e a reprodução socioeconômica da produção associada em autogestão no território. Dessa forma, por meio da atuação integrada de cooperativas de trabalho, produção e consumo nos segmentos imobiliário, infraestrutura e serviços de construção civil, concebe-se um sistema socioprodutivo em economia social como estratégia para a autogestão territorial. Palavras-chave: autogestão; construção civil; cultura produtiva; economia social; produção do espaço. Abstract: This paper presents a synthesis of the propositions of the author’s dissertation entitled: “A construção civil na economia social: proposições à cultura produtiva autogestionária.” In this paper, civil construction is problematized as a theoretical and practical location of socioeconomic transformation in order to overcome the capitalist production of space. Thus, one formulates critiques to the productive culture in heterogestionary and autogestionary manners, establishing theoretical and practical propositions to a social economy wide operating in civil construction. These propositions are summarized in the concepts of construction site-school for autogestion and autogestionary construction networks focusing respectively sociopolitical reproduction of the associated work in civil construction and socioeconomic reproduction of associated production in self-managementin territory. Therefore, through the integrated action of work, production and consumption cooperatives in segments such as real estate, infrastructure and building services, it is conceived a socioproductive system in social economy as a strategy for territorial autogestion. Keywords: autogestion; civil construction; productive culture; social economy; production of space.

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Moreno, Diana Sofía, et Kevin Stiven. « ¿Qué es emprender ? » Travesía Emprendedora 5, n^o 2 (17 mars 2022) : 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31948/travesiaemprendedora.vol5-2.art14.

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En el presente documento se dará argumentos para reconocer la importancia del empredimiento dentro del campo de la Ingenieria de Sistemas, ya que en este contexto se cuenta con la capacidad de convertir ideas en empresas e innovaciones, que brinden un mejoramiento significativo tanto a la calidad de vida a nivel personal y familiar, así como también desarrollo socioeconomico, que otorga bienestar a las comunidades o regiones. Por tanto, entender el concepto de emprendimiento es fundamental para contribuir a promover competencias que sean emprendedoras, no solo en el área de Ingeniería de Sistemas, sino que se pueda aplicar en todas las ramas de la ingeniería como tal.

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Monteiro, Camila Nascimento, Reinaldo José Gianini, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo Barros, Chester Luiz Galvão Cesar et Moisés Goldbaum. « Access to medication in the Public Health System and equity : populational health surveys in São Paulo, Brazil ». Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 19, n^o 1 (mars 2016) : 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201600010003.

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ABSTRACT: Introduction: Since 2003, the access to medication has been increasing in Brazil and particularly in São Paulo. The present study aimed to analyze the access to medication obtained in the public sector and the socioeconomic differences in this access in 2003 and 2008. Also, we explored the difference in access to medication from 2003 to 2008. Method: Data were obtained from two cross-sectional population-based household surveys from São Paulo, Brazil (ISA-Capital 2003 and ISA-Capital 2008). Concentration curve and concentration index were calculated to analyze the associations between socioeconomic factors and access to medication in the public sector. Additionally, the differences between 2003 and 2008 regarding socioeconomic characteristics and access to medication were studied. Results: Access to medication was 89.55% in 2003 and 92.99% in 2008, and the proportion of access to medication did not change in the period. Access in the public sector increased from 26.40% in 2003 to 48.55% in 2008 and there was a decrease in the concentration index between 2003 and 2008 in access to medication in the public sector. Conclusions: The findings indicate an expansion of Brazilian Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde ) users, with the inclusion of people of higher socioeconomic position in the public sector. As the SUS gives more support to people of lower socioeconomic position in terms of medication provision, the SUS tends to equity. Nevertheless, universal coverage for medication and equity in access to medication in the public sector are still challenges for the Brazilian public health system.

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Silva, Adrielle Chermont da, Silviamar Camponogara, Cibelle Mello Viero, Robriane Prosdocimi Menegat, Gisele Loise Dias et Jeanini Dalcol Miorin. « Perfil socioeconômico de Trabalhadores Rurais portadores de neoplasia Socioeconomic profile of Rural Workers cancer sufferers ». Revista de Pesquisa : Cuidado é Fundamental Online 8, n^o 3 (15 juillet 2016) : 4891. http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2016.v8i3.4891-4897.

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Objetivo: Traçar o perfil socioeconômico dos trabalhadores rurais portadores de neoplasia internados em um hospital universitário. Método: estudo do tipo descritivo com abordagem quantitativa, realizado entre agosto de 2013 a janeiro de 2014, através de busca nos prontuários e busca ativa por pacientes internados e que estivessem dentro dos critérios de inclusão. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados: Foram entrevistados 59 trabalhadores rurais, advindos de diferentes municípios interioranos, que trabalhavam com variados tipos de cultivos agrícolas. Grande parcela dos entrevistados relatou fazer uso de agrotóxicos, não utilizando EPI. O tipo predominante de neoplasia encontrada foram as neoplasias do sistema digestório. Conclusões: o uso de agrotóxicos é uma realidade para os trabalhadores investigados, levando à exposição a riscos ocupacionais. Os trabalhadores da saúde necessitam implementar estratégias de atenção à saúde desses trabalhadores, no intuito de auxiliar na minimização dos riscos de exposição ocupacional aos agrotóxicos.

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Martins, Adriana Sotero, Marilda Agudo Mendonça Teixeira de Siqueira, Geane Lopes Flores, Wagner Nazário Coelho, Elvira Carvajal et Maria de Lourdes Aguiar-Oliveira. « Condições socioeconômicas e impactos da pandemia da Covid-19 na região da Sub-Bacia do Canal do Cunha, Rio de Janeiro ». Saúde em Debate 46, n^o 133 (avril 2022) : 290–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202213303.

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RESUMO O Município do Rio de Janeiro (MRJ) estava entre as cidades com altas taxas de mortalidade ao longo da pandemia de Covid-19. Neste estudo, analisamos as taxas de incidência, de mortalidade e letalidade por Covid-19 nas áreas com predominância de Aglomerados Subnormais (ASN). Foram considerados todos os 36 bairros da Sub-Bacia do Canal do Cunha (SBCC) associadas às características demográficas, socioeconômicas e epidemiológicas, com estatística espacial de Moran. A taxa de incidência nos bairros da SBCC foi de 621,5/10.000 habitantes. Complexo do Alemão, Mangueira, e Maré tiveram maiores proporções de casos e mortes. A menor incidência (33,6/10.000 habitantes) e mortalidade (8,3/10.000 habitantes), mas com maior taxa de letalidade (24,7%) foi registrada no Complexo do Alemão. Foi observado correlação negativa entre a taxa de mortalidade e a proporção de habitantes nos bairros com ASN (rho= -0,433; p=0,023). Na estatística espacial, houve correlação inversa para a incidência da Covid-19 (índice Moran, -0,155863; p=0,02). Conclui-se que incidência e mortalidade nas áreas de ASN estão significativamente relacionadas com as estruturas sociodemográficas, demandando o reforço dos sistemas de vigilância e de controle da Covid-19 em territórios de favelas. As recomendações não farmacológicas e a Atenção Primária à Saúde em favelas desempenham relevante papel na redução da transmissão, mortalidade e iniquidades em saúde.

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Oliveira, Bruno Luciano Carneiro Alves de, Alécia Maria da Silva, Raimundo Antonio da Silva et Erika Barbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz. « Racial inequalities in the socioeconomic, demographic and health conditions of elderly from Maranhão State, Legal Amazon, Brazil : a population-based study ». Acta Amazonica 44, n^o 3 (septembre 2014) : 335–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392201304403.

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Aging with quality of life does not occur equally among the racial groups of Brazilian elderly, and few studies have analyzed this issue in the states of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. The objective of this study was to investigate racial inequalities in the socioeconomic, demographic and health conditions of elderly residents of Maranhão state, Brazil. The present work is a cross-sectional study of 450 elders aged 60 years or older included in the 2008 National Household Sample Survey. The prevalence of socioeconomic, demographic, health and habit indicators and of risk factors were estimated in white, brown and black racial categories that were self-reported by the survey participants. The chi-square test was used for comparisons (a=5%). The majority of the elderly respondents identified themselves as brown (66.4%) or white (23.3%). There were significant socioeconomic, demographic, habit and lifestyle differences among the racial groups. Most of the black and brown elderly lived alone, reported lower educational levels and were in the lowest quintile for income. These respondents were also highly dependent on the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS), exhibited low rates of screening mammograms and lower physical activity levels and had a greater proportion of smokers. However, there was no difference in the prevalence of health indicators or in the proportion of elderly by gender, age, social role in the family or the urban-rural location of the household. These results indicate the presence of racial inequalities in the socioeconomic and demographic status and in the practice of healthy habits and lifestyles among elderly from Maranhão, but suggest equity in health status. The results also suggest the complexity and challenges of interlinking race with socioeconomic aspects, and the findings reinforce the need for the implementation of public policies for these population groups.

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Diógenes, Victor Hugo Dias, Elzo Pereira Pinto Júnior, Marcos Roberto Gonzaga, Bernardo Lanza Queiroz, Everton E. C. Lima, Lilia Carolina C. da Costa, Aline S. Rocha et al. « Differentials in death count records by databases in Brazil in 2010 ». Revista de Saúde Pública 56 (24 octobre 2022) : 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2022056004282.

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OBJECTIVE To compare the death counts from three sources of information on mortality available in Brazil in 2010, the Mortality Information System (SIM - Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade ), Civil Registration Statistic System (RC - Sistema de Estatísticas de Resgistro Civil ), and the 2010 Demographic Census at various geographical levels, and to confirm the association between municipal socioeconomic characteristics and the source which showed the highest death count. METHODS This is a descriptive and comparative study of raw data on deaths in the SIM, RC and 2010 Census databases, the latter held in Brazilian states and municipalities between August 2009 and July 2010. The percentage of municipalities was confirmed by the database showing the highest death count. The association between the source of the highest death count and socioeconomic indicators - the Índice de Privação Brasileiro (IBP – Brazilian Deprivation Index) and Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IHDM – Municipal Human Development Index) - was performed by bivariate choropleth and Moran Local Index of Spatial Association (LISA) cluster maps. RESULTS Confirmed that the SIM is the database with the highest number of deaths counted for all Brazilian macroregions, except the North, in which the highest coverage was from the 2010 Census. Based on the indicators proposed, in general, the Census showed a higher coverage of deaths than the SIM and the RC in the most deprived (highest IBP values) and less developed municipalities (lowest IDHM values) in the country. CONCLUSION The results highlight regional inequalities in how the databases chosen for this study cover death records, and the importance of maintaining the issue of mortality on the basic census questionnaire.

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Siqueira, Tamires, Maria Elaine Silva Dos Santos, Cleyton Caetano de Souza et Giuseppe Anthony Nascimento De Lima. « O perfil do egresso de Análise e Desenvolvimento de Sistemas do IFPB – Campus Monteiro ». Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, n^o 46 (13 septembre 2019) : 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n46p70-77.

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The growing demand for Information Technology (IT) experts requires the training of highly qualified professionals. Thus, the present study aimed to trace the professional and socioeconomic profiles of the alumni of the Analysis and Systems Development course, of Federal Institute of Paraíba (IFPB)- Monteiro, in order to verify the actual situation after they have graduated. It also aims to check whether their profile matches the predetermined description established in the Pedagogical Project of the Course (PPC) and the National Catalog for Technological Higher Education Courses. Based on the results obtained through a survey analysis, we highlight the following findings: the family income of the graduate has increased after the conclusion of the course; the majority of graduates chose to work instead of (only) studying; the graduates are working as software analysts, developers or engineers; despite of the fact that some students were not working in IT, most of them remain in the area; the average of alumni monthly incomes is approximately R$ 2,862.00; and no graduate is unemployed

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Harsányi, Iván. « Crisis de sistema(s) y transiciones del fin del siglo XX en las áreas semiperiféricas del mundo ». Acta Hispanica 21 (1 janvier 2016) : 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/actahisp.2016.21.61-72.

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The nature of the transitions in these regions of the world (Southern Europe, Central Eastern Europe and Latin America) reflects their historical antecedents, the particularities of the period when they occured, and the current balance of the respective international forces. The distinctive feature of the Central-Eastern European transitions is that these changes were not limited to the transformations of their respective political regimes, but affected their entire socioeconomic structure, this is why they served as origins of tensions that lasted for various decades. In each of these countries, different types of dictatorial or authoritarian regimes were established in the first half of the 20th century, and played a different role in World War II. With the exception of Yugoslavia, they all took part in the military and economic organizations of the Eastern block (the Warsaw Pact, COMECON), within the context of the bipolar system of powers. Due to their semiperipheral character, most of them had limited opportunities to catch up with the more developed countries even after the transition, and their steps taken in this direction were hesitants. The comparison between their respective transitions is further complicated by their different political-cultural traditions and by the consequences of the globalization of societies, due to the effects of the serious global economic and financial crisis that unfolded in 2008 and is still present nowadays.

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Nuryana, Adang. « SISTEM PAKAR NUTRITION PLANUNTUK ORANG DEWASA DENGAN METODE FORWARD CHAINING BERBASIS WEBSITE ». Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Terapan 4, n^o 1 (13 mars 2019) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.25047/jtit.v4i1.17.

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The problem of nutrition is still a public health problem in Indonesia. Malnutrition has not been resolved, the prevalence of overweight and obesity has begun to increase, especially in the middle and upper socioeconomic groups in urban areas. This is particularly troubling because it threatens the quality of Human Resources (HR) is indispensable in the future (Depkes RI, 2007). Changes in diet and physical activity resulted in the increasing number of people experiencing nutritional problems, such as overweight/obesity and malnutrition. Diet as the main factor nutritional problems, basically can be overcome by regulating the intake of good nutrition for consumption. But unfortunately, not many people know the setting of a good and proper diet. The Nutrition Plan was created as an expert system in determining balanced nutrition for adults based on body mass index and daily diet using forward chaining inference. This system will recommend what foods are suitable for every adult in accordance with the needs of calories per day in the hope of prevalence rates for the Indonesian people suffering from malnutrition and overweight can be reduced significantly. In addition to facilitating the public, especially normal adults to know the nutritional information in order to achieve a healthy lifestyle.

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Jaime, Irving Reynoso. « Sistema electoral y elites regionales : Elecciones municipales y de diputados en Cuernavaca y Cuautla de Amilpas, 1812––1835 ». Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 25, n^o 2 (2009) : 189–226. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/msem.2009.25.2.189.

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El sistema electoral que se introdujo al territorio novohispano con la Carta gaditana de 1812 fue la base de la legislacióón electoral que rigióó en Mééxico al menos hasta 1835. Este trabajo analiza las formas históóricas concretas que adquirióó la prááctica electoral en la regióón azucarera de Cuernavaca y Cuautla de Amilpas (caracterizada por la tensióón entre pueblos y haciendas). Se trata de matizar la visióón historiográáfica que plantea una mejora sustancial de la vida de los pueblos a partir de la apertura políítica que significaron las elecciones gaditanas, mostrando cóómo existieron casos en que las éélites econóómicas regionales usaron los nuevos mecanismos polííticos para proteger sus intereses. The electoral system of the Constitution of Cáádiz (1812) was the foundation of Mexican electoral legislation until 1835. This article analyzes the concrete historical forms and electoral practices under this electoral law in the sugar-producing region of Cuernavaca and Cuautla de Amilpas, characterized by tensions between pueblos and haciendas. By showing several cases of the new political mechanisms used by the regional economic elite to protect their interests, the article challenges the claim that the ““political liberalization”” entailed in the electoral system of the Cáádiz Constitution meant a significant improvement in the political and socioeconomic situation of the pueblos of the region.

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Pereira, Alessandra Gonçalves Lisbôa, Roberto de Andrade Medronho, Claudia Caminha Escosteguy, Luis Iván Ortiz Valencia et Mônica de Avelar Figueiredo Mafra Magalhães. « Spatial distribution and socioeconomic context of tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil ». Revista de Saúde Pública 49 (2015) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005470.

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OBJECTIVE To analyze the spatial distribution of risk for tuberculosis and its socioeconomic determinants in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS An ecological study on the association between the mean incidence rate of tuberculosis from 2004 to 2006 and socioeconomic indicators of the Censo Demográfico (Demographic Census) of 2000. The unit of analysis was the home district registered in the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Notifiable Diseases Information System) of Rio de Janeiro, Southeastern Brazil. The rates were standardized by sex and age group, and smoothed by the empirical Bayes method. Spatial autocorrelation was evaluated by Moran’s I. Multiple linear regression models were studied and the appropriateness of incorporating the spatial component in modeling was evaluated. RESULTS We observed a higher risk of the disease in some neighborhoods of the port and north regions, as well as a high incidence in the slums of Rocinha and Vidigal, in the south region, and Cidade de Deus, in the west. The final model identified a positive association for the variables: percentage of permanent private households in which the head of the house earns three to five minimum wages; percentage of individual residents in the neighborhood; and percentage of people living in homes with more than two people per bedroom. CONCLUSIONS The spatial analysis identified areas of risk of tuberculosis incidence in the neighborhoods of the city of Rio de Janeiro and also found spatial dependence for the incidence of tuberculosis and some socioeconomic variables. However, the inclusion of the space component in the final model was not required during the modeling process.

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Furquim, Maria Gláucia Dourado, Márcia Thais de Melo Carvalho et Estênio Moreira Alves. « Estado da arte da pesquisa em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária no estado de Goiás ». Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais 11, n^o 3 (2 avril 2020) : 242–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.003.0020.

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Os sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária (SIPA) são estratégias de otimização do uso da terra, principal recurso econômico para o produtor rural. Os SIPA exigem uma abordagem holística da atividade produtiva, sendo uma alternativa para alcançar a sustentabilidade tanto econômica quanto ambiental por meio do incremento em biodiversidade. Um dos princípios dos SIPA é a busca por benefícios mútuos entre os componentes de produção, respeitando as especificidades de cada empreendimento rural e não se limitando às questões de escala de produção. Considerando a representatividade das atividades vinculadas ao agronegócio para a socioeconomia do Estado de Goiás e a importância dos recursos naturais para manutenção de sua sustentabilidade, o objetivo deste estudo foi realizar um levantamento sobre os estudos científicos relacionados a SIPA em Goiás. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão bibliométrica de artigos científicos disponíveis no banco de dados da plataforma SCIELO, portal de acesso aberto de comunicação científica, no período entre 1985 e abril 2019. No período, um total de 560 artigos sobre técnicas de implementação de SIPA foram encontrados, dos quais, apenas 41 estudos foram realizados no estado de Goiás. A predominância dos estudos (83%) foi encontrada com o uso do termo de busca “integração lavoura pecuária”. Entre esses, 32% investigaram o efeito dos SIPA sobre atributos físicos, químicos e biológicos do solo. O restante, 68% dos estudos, investigaram supressão de plantas daninhas, desempenho de plantas de cobertura e forrageiras e avaliação de impactos ambientais. Cabe destacar, que na plataforma e no período analisados não foram identificados estudos que contemplem os custos para a implantação do sistema, o tempo de retorno do investimento, mensuração e valoração dos benefícios ambientais para a coletividade, dentre outros aspectos que reforcem a importância dos SIPA em termos socioambientais.

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Forlino, Daniele. « Tra sangue e corpo : Modernità “solida” e “liquida” nella Napoli industriale di Tre operai e in quella criminale di Gomorra ». Forum Italicum : A Journal of Italian Studies 52, n^o 2 (13 février 2018) : 398–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014585818755384.

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Il primo romanzo di Carlo Bernari, Tre operai (1934), presenta numerosi punti di contatto con Gomorra (2006), il primo libro di Roberto Saviano. Entrambi i testi restituiscono al lettore due rappresentazioni di una “terza Napoli” definita come corpo allegorico di una società che viene iniziata all'industrialismo e che passa nel secondo caso agli ultimissimi stadi di un sistema socioeconomico post-capitalistico, tracciando quel fondamentale passaggio da una modernità “solida” a una “liquida” avvenuto durante lo scorso secolo ed evidenziato dal famoso studio di Zygmunt Bauman, Modernità Liquida. In questo saggio si ripercorrono queste rappresentazioni della società contemporanea offerte dai due autori campani, sottolineandone i messaggi testimoniali ed il loro valore che ha spesso rischiato di essere confuso e imprigionato in un ambito prettamente regionalistico.

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Cantero-Acosta, Fabiola. « CONSTRUYENDO LA CALIDAD : RESULTADOS PRELIMINARES EN EL CASO DE LA MAESTRÍA EN DERECHO DEL TRABAJO Y SEGURIDAD SOCIAL DE LA UNIVERSIDAD ESTATAL A DISTANCIA (UNED). BUILDING QUALITY : PRELIMINARY RESULTS IN THE CASE OF THE MASTER OF LABOUR LAW AND SOCIAL SEC ». Revista Electrónica Calidad en la Educación Superior 4, n^o 1 (7 mai 2013) : 224–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/caes.v4i1.463.

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En el 2011, Maestría en Derecho del Trabajo y Seguridad Social de la UNED realizó una investigación sobre las dificultades que presentan los estudiantes que abandonan, interrumpen, se egresan y se gradúan de ese posgrado. El estudio se actualizó en el 2012.Se recolectaron datos sobre el perfil académico y socioeconómico de los alumnos de todas las cohortes entre el 2001 y el 2012, tanto con instrumentos diseñados ad hoc como con los del Sistema Nacional de Acreditación de Educación Superior.Entre los resultados obtenidos, se identificaron las fortalezas y debilidades de esa Maestría, así como los avances en la calidad entre el estudio original y su actualización.Palabras clave: posgrado, deserción, abandono, egreso, graduación.AbstractIn 2011, Master of Labour Law and Social Security of the UNED conducted research on the difficulties presented by students who leave, interrupted and graduate. The study was updated in 2012.Data were collected on the academic and socioeconomic profile of students in all cohorts, between 2001 and 2012, both with instruments designed adhoc and the ones from the Sistema Nacional de Acreditación de la Educación Superior. Amongthe results, we identified the strengths and weaknessesoftheMasters, as well as advances in quality between the original study and follow-up. Keywords : Master degree, graduate, dropout, graduation.

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Pedroso Júnior, Nelson Novaes, Rui Sérgio Sereni Murrieta, Carolina Santos Taqueda, Natasha Dias Navazinas, Aglair Pedrosa Ruivo, Danilo Vicensotto Bernardo et Walter Alves Neves. « A casa e a roça : socioeconomia, demografia e agricultura em populações quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira, São Paulo, Brasil ». Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Ciências Humanas 3, n^o 2 (août 2008) : 227–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1981-81222008000200007.

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Este estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar o perfil demográfico e socioeconômico de nove comunidades remanescentes de quilombos no vale do Ribeira, estado de São Paulo, e identificar os principais fatores responsáveis pelas mudanças recentes nos seus padrões de subsistência. Desde a formação das primeiras aglomerações de escravos libertos e foragidos no século XVIII, as relações estabelecidas entre estas populações com as cidades próximas e com o mercado regional têm vivenciado momentos de retração e de expansão, adaptando-se e ajustando-se a novas mudanças políticas e socioeconômicas. Nas últimas cinco décadas, o impacto de fatores externos na aceleração das mudanças nos padrões de subsistência locais parece ter tido um aumento significativo. Os resultados mostram que as restrições impostas pela legislação ambiental, os conflitos de terra, a construção de uma rodovia na região, a crescente inserção no mercado regional e a atuação de órgãos governamentais e não-governamentais de desenvolvimento são os principais fatores responsáveis pelas mudanças observadas no sistema agrícola de corte e queima e, conseqüentemente, na organização socioeconômica destas populações.

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Adriani, Dessy, Elisa Wildayana, Idham Alamsyah et Amruzie Minha. « Performa dan Determinan Petani dalam Keputusan Adopsi Inovasi Sistem Tanam Padi Rawa di Sumatera Selatan ». Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal : Journal of Suboptimal Lands 8, n^o 2 (16 octobre 2019) : 181–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33230/jlso.8.2.2019.448.

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Adriani D, Wildayana E, Alamsyah I, Minha A. 2019. Performance and determinants of farmers in adoption decision of innovation for swamps rice cropping system in South Sumatra. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands. 8(2):181-191. The development of food crops in swamplands became one of main focus of the government in the development of rice farming in Indonesia. A variety of ecological constraints that accompany the development of agriculture in swamp land overcome by a variety of technological innovations, one of which is with the application of Cropping Index 200 (CI 200) technology. After nearly 5 years of CI 200 technology applied on swamp land is considered necessary for analysis related to the performance of socio-economic of farmers in the adoption of technology innovations CI 200. This study aimed to analyze the socio-economic condition of farmers in adopting IP 200 technology innovation, and analyze the determinants of IP 200 technology adoption decisions. Research was using the survey method and has been carried out in 2 districts, namely Tanjung Lago sub-District, Banyuasin District and Pemulutan sub-District, Ogan Ilir District in June-July 2019. Sampling method used disproportionate stratified random sampling. The analysis of the data was using tabulations, mathematical and logistic regression analysis. The results of the analysis showed that there were differences in the performance of the socioeconomy of farmers adopting and not adopting. The performance of the socio-economic of farmers who adopt were better than farmers who did not adopt the technology CI 200. The factors that determine the farmers adopt were the age, education, origin, experience, income, and the cost of farming.

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Benetti, Lutieri Mateus, et André Luiz Machado Bueno. « Acidente vascular cerebral em adulto jovem : análise dos registros do sistema de informação hospitalar ». Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 9, n^o 27 (17 septembre 2019) : 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rerecien2358-3088.2019.9.27.54-61.

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Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, das internações por Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) em adultos jovens, cujo objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico desses eventos. Os dados são oriundos do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH) registrado no período de 2013 a 2017. O estudo se justifica pelo número crescente dos casos de internação por AVC nessa faixa etária no Rio Grande do Sul - RS. O aumento da doença em adultos jovens tem despertado o interesse da comunidade acadêmica, uma vez que a sua ocorrência representa, negativamente, um fator de impacto individual e socioeconômico. Entre os resultados destaca-se que o sexo feminino apresentou a maior prevalência de AVC, com 58,49%. Indivíduos de origem preta/parda apresentaram os maiores percentuais de acometimento e a doença não se comporta de forma sazonal. A análise cartográfica sugere vulnerabilidade na acessibilidade à recursos de saúde em diversas áreas do RS.Descritores: Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Adulto Jovem, Morbidade. Stroke in young adult: analysis of hospital information system recordsAbstract: This is an ecological, retrospective study of hospitalizations due to stroke in young adults, whose objective was to describe the epidemiological profile of these events. The data originated from the Hospital Information System (SIH) registered in the period from 2013 to 2017. The study is justified by the increasing number of cases of hospitalization due to stroke in this age group in Rio Grande do Sul - RS. The increase of the disease in young adults has aroused the interest of the academic community, since its occurrence represents, negatively, an individual and socioeconomic impact factor. Among the results, it is noteworthy that the female gender presented the highest prevalence of stroke, with 58.49%. Individuals of black/brown origin had the highest percentages of involvement and the disease did not behave seasonally. The cartographic analysis suggests vulnerability in accessibility to health resources in several areas of the RS.Descriptors: Stroke, Young Adult, Morbidity. Accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes: Análisis de los registros del sistema de información hospitalariaResumen: Se trata de un estudio ecologico y retrospectivo de hospitalizaciones por accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes, cuyo objetivo fue describir el perfil epidemiológico de estos eventos. Los datos se originaron en el sistema de información del hospital (SIH) registrado en el período de 2013 a 2017. El estudio está justificado por el número cada vez mayor de casos de hospitalización debido a derrame cerebral en este grupo de edad en Rio Grande do Sul - RS. El aumento de la enfermedad en adultos jóvenes ha suscitado el interés de la comunidad académica, ya que su ocurrencia representa, negativamente, un factor de impacto individual y socioeconómico. Entre los resultados, cabe destacar que el género femenino presentó la mayor prevalencia de ictus, con 58,49%. Los individuos del origen negro/marrón tenían los porcentajes más altos de implicación y la enfermedad no se comportó estacional. El análisis cartográfico sugiere vulnerabilidad en la accesibilidad a los recursos de salud en varias áreas de la RS.Descriptores: Apoplejía, Adulto Joven, Morbilidad.

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Benetti, Lutieri Mateus, et André Luís Machado Bueno. « Acidente vascular cerebral em adulto jovem : análise dos registros do sistema de informação hospitalar ». Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 9, n^o 27 (17 septembre 2019) : 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/revrecien2358-3088.2019.9.27.54-61.

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Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, das internações por Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) em adultos jovens, cujo objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico desses eventos. Os dados são oriundos do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH) registrado no período de 2013 a 2017. O estudo se justifica pelo número crescente dos casos de internação por AVC nessa faixa etária no Rio Grande do Sul - RS. O aumento da doença em adultos jovens tem despertado o interesse da comunidade acadêmica, uma vez que a sua ocorrência representa, negativamente, um fator de impacto individual e socioeconômico. Entre os resultados destaca-se que o sexo feminino apresentou a maior prevalência de AVC, com 58,49%. Indivíduos de origem preta/parda apresentaram os maiores percentuais de acometimento e a doença não se comporta de forma sazonal. A análise cartográfica sugere vulnerabilidade na acessibilidade à recursos de saúde em diversas áreas do RS.Descritores: Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Adulto Jovem, Morbidade. Stroke in young adult: analysis of hospital information system recordsAbstract: This is an ecological, retrospective study of hospitalizations due to stroke in young adults, whose objective was to describe the epidemiological profile of these events. The data originated from the Hospital Information System (SIH) registered in the period from 2013 to 2017. The study is justified by the increasing number of cases of hospitalization due to stroke in this age group in Rio Grande do Sul - RS. The increase of the disease in young adults has aroused the interest of the academic community, since its occurrence represents, negatively, an individual and socioeconomic impact factor. Among the results, it is noteworthy that the female gender presented the highest prevalence of stroke, with 58.49%. Individuals of black/brown origin had the highest percentages of involvement and the disease did not behave seasonally. The cartographic analysis suggests vulnerability in accessibility to health resources in several areas of the RS.Descriptors: Stroke, Young Adult, Morbidity. Accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes: Análisis de los registros del sistema de información hospitalariaResumen: Se trata de un estudio ecologico y retrospectivo de hospitalizaciones por accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes, cuyo objetivo fue describir el perfil epidemiológico de estos eventos. Los datos se originaron en el sistema de información del hospital (SIH) registrado en el período de 2013 a 2017. El estudio está justificado por el número cada vez mayor de casos de hospitalización debido a derrame cerebral en este grupo de edad en Rio Grande do Sul - RS. El aumento de la enfermedad en adultos jóvenes ha suscitado el interés de la comunidad académica, ya que su ocurrencia representa, negativamente, un factor de impacto individual y socioeconómico. Entre los resultados, cabe destacar que el género femenino presentó la mayor prevalencia de ictus, con 58,49%. Los individuos del origen negro/marrón tenían los porcentajes más altos de implicación y la enfermedad no se comportó estacional. El análisis cartográfico sugiere vulnerabilidad en la accesibilidad a los recursos de salud en varias áreas de la RS.Descriptores: Apoplejía, Adulto Joven, Morbilidad.

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Benetti, Lutieri Mateus. « Acidente vascular cerebral em adulto jovem : análise dos registros do sistema de informação hospitalar ». Revista Recien - Revista Científica de Enfermagem 9, n^o 27 (17 septembre 2019) : 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24276/rrecien2358-3088.2019.9.27.54-61.

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Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, das internações por Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) em adultos jovens, cujo objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico desses eventos. Os dados são oriundos do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar (SIH) registrado no período de 2013 a 2017. O estudo se justifica pelo número crescente dos casos de internação por AVC nessa faixa etária no Rio Grande do Sul - RS. O aumento da doença em adultos jovens tem despertado o interesse da comunidade acadêmica, uma vez que a sua ocorrência representa, negativamente, um fator de impacto individual e socioeconômico. Entre os resultados destaca-se que o sexo feminino apresentou a maior prevalência de AVC, com 58,49%. Indivíduos de origem preta/parda apresentaram os maiores percentuais de acometimento e a doença não se comporta de forma sazonal. A análise cartográfica sugere vulnerabilidade na acessibilidade à recursos de saúde em diversas áreas do RS.Descritores: Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Adulto Jovem, Morbidade. Stroke in young adult: analysis of hospital information system recordsAbstract: This is an ecological, retrospective study of hospitalizations due to stroke in young adults, whose objective was to describe the epidemiological profile of these events. The data originated from the Hospital Information System (SIH) registered in the period from 2013 to 2017. The study is justified by the increasing number of cases of hospitalization due to stroke in this age group in Rio Grande do Sul - RS. The increase of the disease in young adults has aroused the interest of the academic community, since its occurrence represents, negatively, an individual and socioeconomic impact factor. Among the results, it is noteworthy that the female gender presented the highest prevalence of stroke, with 58.49%. Individuals of black/brown origin had the highest percentages of involvement and the disease did not behave seasonally. The cartographic analysis suggests vulnerability in accessibility to health resources in several areas of the RS.Descriptors: Stroke, Young Adult, Morbidity. Accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes: Análisis de los registros del sistema de información hospitalariaResumen: Se trata de un estudio ecologico y retrospectivo de hospitalizaciones por accidente cerebrovascular en adultos jóvenes, cuyo objetivo fue describir el perfil epidemiológico de estos eventos. Los datos se originaron en el sistema de información del hospital (SIH) registrado en el período de 2013 a 2017. El estudio está justificado por el número cada vez mayor de casos de hospitalización debido a derrame cerebral en este grupo de edad en Rio Grande do Sul - RS. El aumento de la enfermedad en adultos jóvenes ha suscitado el interés de la comunidad académica, ya que su ocurrencia representa, negativamente, un factor de impacto individual y socioeconómico. Entre los resultados, cabe destacar que el género femenino presentó la mayor prevalencia de ictus, con 58,49%. Los individuos del origen negro/marrón tenían los porcentajes más altos de implicación y la enfermedad no se comportó estacional. El análisis cartográfico sugiere vulnerabilidad en la accesibilidad a los recursos de salud en varias áreas de la RS.Descriptores: Apoplejía, Adulto Joven, Morbilidad.

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DA GRACA, Laura. « Sexmeros y procuradores de la Tierra de Piedrahíta en el siglo XV ». Medievalismo, n^o 30 (16 novembre 2020) : 241–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/medievalismo.455131.

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Se estudia la actuación de representantes rurales de Piedrahíta en el marco del sistema tributario del siglo XV. Se analiza su relación con la comunidad rural y perfil socioeconómico, las gestiones que realizan y las demandas que presentan al señor. Se observa la prioridad del ámbito local, el rechazo a las obligaciones que implican desplazarse del lugar de residencia y la confluencia con sectores ganaderos sustanciales, que se expresa en los reclamos en torno al paso del ganado trashumante. El protagonismo que el sistema otorga a los procuradores rurales podría considerarse la contracara de la obligación de los concejos aldeanos de responder por rentas impagas. The focus of this work is the performance of village representatives in the context of the fifteenth century Piedrahita's tax system. The relationship between representatives and the rural community, their socioeconomic profile, and their demands are analysed. It is observed that the village representatives give priority to their local communities and refuse obligations involving moving away from the place of residence. Besides, their interests converge with those of other substantial stockbreeders, which is expressed on the demands regarding fines on the livestock seasonal migration. The central role that the tax system gives to the representatives could be considered as the other side of the obligation of village communities to respond to the lord for unpaid rents.

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Azcárate, Rubén, et Angélica Mejía-Fajardo. « Meteorología, socioeconomía y gestión del riesgo de desastres del evento El Niño-Oscilación del Sur en Colombia ». Revista Mutis 6, n^o 2 (13 octobre 2016) : 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21789/22561498.1154.

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<p align="justify">El Niño-Oscilación del Sur (ENOS) es un evento de variabilidad climática interanual. En Colombia, atenúa los períodos lluviosos e intensifica los secos sin seguir un patrón común en las regiones Andina, Caribe y en la parte norte de la región Pacífica. Estos eventos han generado efectos perjudiciales en los sectores económicos agropecuario, energético, del transporte, de vivienda y ambiental. Desde la década de los 80 se hizo necesario fortalecer los sistemas de monitoreo meteorológico, los modelos de predicción y desarrollar los planes de contingencia de respuesta ante emergencias. Sin embargo, para que los modelos de predicción climática sean más acertados es necesario que las mediciones in situ sean continuas y estandarizadas, además de la generación de índices socioeconómicos que permitan mejorar las medidas de gestión del riesgo de desastres sociales, físicos y ambientales generados por estos eventos extremos en el país asociados al ENOS.</p>

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Kubrusly, Marcos, Hermano Alexandre Lima Rocha, Allan Carlos Costa Maia, Amanda Kubrusly de Miranda Sá, Mariana Mendonça Sales et Selene Regina Mazza. « Resiliencia en la Formación de Estudiantes de Medicina en una Universidad con un Sistema Híbrido de Ensenãnza y Aprendizaje ». Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica 43, n^o 1 suppl 1 (2019) : 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271v43suplemento1-20190161.esp.

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ABSTRACT Background The exposure of students to stressful events and the association of these events with students’ mental health is an important matter in Medical Education. To address this arduous training and solve emerging problems, some students develop methods to help them and, among these, resilience. A hybrid learning system, merging active and traditional learning, can be a supplementary source of stress generation , since it demands the acquisition of knowledge by the students, for summative assessments of traditional teaching as well as for the autonomous search for knowledge, skills, and attitudes required in the problematization. Purpose To determine the degree of resilience throughout the medical course under the hybrid teaching-learning system, identifying underlying mechanisms. Methods This was a cross-sectional study developed from August 2017 to August 2018, at Christus University Center, Brazil, a medical school that uses problem-based learning curricula associated with traditional teaching methodology. Wagnild and Young Resilience Scale was applied to medical students from all semesters. Socioeconomic, emotional and self-reported performance variables were also collected. The association between variables was assessed with minimally adjusted logistic regression models. Results 173 medical students participated in this study, with a mean age of 22.4 years, of which 65.3% were females. 88.1% of the medical students showed high or very high resilience. Receiving support from family and friends was associated with better resilience (p values lower than 0.001), as students who were “very satisfied” or “satisfied” with family support had a greater tendency to develop better degrees of resilience, with results of “very high resilience trends” (82.50%) and “high resilience trends” (71.10%) surpassing the prevalence identified in dissatisfied students. Also, having a religious belief was also associated with higher resilience degrees (p value = 0.02). Conclusions Factors identified in this study, mainly the importance of the support network from family and friends can be stimulated in order to improve students’ resilience. There was no direct association between the academic performance self-assessment and the students’ resilience and the resilience of medical students tends to remain constant throughout the course.

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Carrillo Punina, Álvaro Patricio, Sandra Patricia Galarza Torres et Luis Alfredo Tipán Tapia. « Análisis socioeconómico de estudiantes y docentes en la Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE-Ecuador ». ECA Sinergia 11, n^o 2 (9 juillet 2020) : 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/eca_sinergia.v11i2.2278.

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Cada vez aumenta la importancia académica y científica para realizar estudios sobre la situación socioeconómica que tienen los estudiantes y, su relación con variables como el rendimiento académico, cultura, deserción, tecnología, entre otras. En el caso específico del Ecuador, el sistema de educación superior afronta una serie de cambios que tratan de garantizar la calidad en la educación. Por esta razón, el presente estudio se realiza para describir los grupos socioeconómicos a los que pertenecen los estudiantes y docentes de la Universidad de la Fuerzas Armadas ESPE del Ecuador y, relacionar las variables socioeconómicas con la instrucción y ocupación del jefe de hogar. En el estudio se utiliza el coeficiente de fiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach, correlación de Pearson y tablas descriptivas, obtenidas mediante el tratamiento de datos en el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 23. Los resultados develan que la ocupación y formación del jefe de hogar en los grupos de estudiantes difieren del grupo de docentes, ya que, estos últimos presentan mayores rangos de instrucción, debido a su actividad laboral y, mejor nivel de ocupación. Finalmente, se plantea realizar un trabajo acerca del análisis de la situación socioeconómica de los docentes y estudiantes en una universidad privada. Palabras clave: correlación; educación superior; estratos sociales; jefe de hogar; variables socioeconómicas. Abstract Each time the academic and scientific importance to carry out studies on the socioeconomic situation that students have and, their relationship with variables such as academic performance, culture, alteration, technology, among others. In the specific case of Ecuador, the higher education system faces a number of changes that seek to ensure quality in education. For this reason, this study is carried out to describe the socioeconomic groups to which the students and teachers of the University of the ESPE Armed Forces of Ecuador belong and, relate the socioeconomic variables with the instruction and occupation of the head of household. The study uses Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient, Pearson correlation and descriptive tables, obtained by processing data in the SPSS version 23 statistical package. The results reveal that the occupation and training of the head of household in the student groups differ from the group of teachers, since, the latter have higher levels of instruction, due to their work activity and, better level of occupation. Finally, it is planned to carry out work on the analysis of the socioeconomic situation of teachers and students at a private university. Keywords: correlation; higher education; social strata; head of household; socioeconomic variables.

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Soler, Rafael Ribeiro, Saulo Philipe Sebastião Guerra, Maura Seiko Tsutui Esperancini, Guilherme Corrêa Sereghetti et Guilherme Oguri. « AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DA OPERAÇÃO DE PLANTIO MECANIZADO DE EUCALIPTO EM DOIS DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS ». ENERGIA NA AGRICULTURA 34, n^o 4 (5 décembre 2019) : 462–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17224/energagric.2019v34n4p462-470.

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AVALIAÇÃO ECONÔMICA DA OPERAÇÃO DE PLANTIO MECANIZADO DE EUCALIPTO EM DOIS DIFERENTES ESPAÇAMENTOS RAFAEL RIBEIRO SOLER1, SAULO PHILIPE SEBASTIÃO GUERRA2, MAURA SEIKO TSUTUI ESPERANCINI3, GUILHERME CORRÊA SEREGHETTI4, GUILHERME OGURI5 1 Departamento de Engenharia Rural e Socioeconomia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu/SP, rrsoler22@hotmail.com. 2 Departamento de Engenharia Rural e Socioeconomia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu/SP, saulo.guerra@unesp.br. 3 Departamento de Engenharia Rural e Socioeconomia, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/UNESP, Av. Universitária, 3780, Altos do Paraíso, 18610-034, Botucatu/SP, maura.seiko@unesp.br. 4 Caacatu Florestal e Ambiental, Rua Manoel da Silva, 280, Vila Carmelo, 18609-500, Botucatu/SP, gcsereghetti@hotmail.com 5 Programa Cooperativo sobre Mecanização e Automação Florestal, Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais, Via Comendador Pedro Morganti, 3500, Bairro Monte Alegre, 13415-000, Piracicaba/SP, guilherme@ipef.br. RESUMO: O presente trabalho objetivou analisar os custos com a operação de plantio mecanizado adotando dois diferentes espaçamentos de um Sistema Florestal de Curta Rotação. O conjunto plantador constituiu-se de um cabeçote do modelo Bracke Planter P11a e uma escavadora hidráulica do modelo 200D LC. A área foi dividida segundo o espaçamento entre os locais de plantio das mudas, sendo 3 x 1 m para o Tratamento 1 e 3 x 1,5 m para o Tratamento 2. Utilizou-se a metodologia de movimentos e tempos para aferir o dispêndio de tempo para cada ciclo de plantio, além de se calcular o rendimento operacional. A partir destes dados, utilizou-se a metodologia da ASABE para estimar os custos da operação. Os rendimentos operacionais obtidos foram de 0,106 ha h-1 para o T1 e 0,146 ha h-1 para o T2, e custos operacionais de R$ 496,76 h-1 e de R$ 372,03 h-1, respectivamente. O menor espaçamento entre plantas acarreta maior custo por hectare e por hora, além do que, o melhor cenário econômico com o plantio mecanizado ainda é mais custoso do que os sistemas manuais e semimecanizados atualmente utilizados para a implantação de florestas no Brasil, de acordo com os estudos disponíveis na bibliografia. Palavras-chaves: mecanização florestal, silvicultura, rendimento operacional, custo ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF MECHANIZED PLANTATION OPERATION OF EUCALYPTUS WITH TWO DIFFERENT SPACING ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to analyze the costs in mechanized plantation operation adopting two different spacing of a Short Rotation Forest System. The planter set consisted of an equipment of Bracke Planter P11a model and a hydraulic excavator of the 200D LC model. The area was divided according to the spacing between the seedling planting sites, 3 x 1 m for Treatment 1 and 3 x 1.5 m for Treatment 2. The methodology of motion and times was used to measure the expenditure of time for each planting cycle, in addition to calculating operating yield. From these data, the ASABE methodology was used to estimate the costs of the operation. The operational yields obtained were 0.106 ha h-1 for T1 and 0.146 ha h-1 for T2, and operating costs of R $ 496.76 h-1 and R $ 372.03 h-1, respectively. The smaller spacing between plants leads to a higher cost per hectare and per hour, in addition, the better economic scenario with mechanized planting is still more expensive than manual and semi-mechanized systems currently used for reforestation in Brazil, according to the studies available in the bibliography. Keywords: forestry mechanization, silviculture, yield, cost.

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Gasda, Élio Estanislau. « ESSA ECONOMIA MATA (EG, 53) : CRÍTICA TEOLÓGICA DO CAPITALISMO INVIÁVEL ». Perspectiva Teológica 49, n^o 3 (29 décembre 2017) : 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.20911/21768757v49n3p573/2017.

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RESUMO: O texto analisa a dimensão socioeconômica e política da modernidade. A modernidade tem no sistema capitalista seu principal motor. Nenhuma interpretação da modernidade pode desconsiderar o capitalismo. Sua inviabilidade será demonstrada através de uma abordagem crítica de seus elementos essenciais: acumulação ilimitada de capital/riqueza, exploração do trabalho humano e devastação da natureza, como também sua fundamentação teórica (liberalismo) e o papel do Estado. Essa aproximação servirá de base para uma leitura teológica da inviabilidade do capitalismo.ABSTRACT: The text analyses the socioeconomic and political dimension of modernity. Modernity has its driving force in the capitalist system. No interpretation of modernity can disregard capitalism. Its infeasibility will be shown through a critical study of its essential elements: unlimited accumulation of capital/wealth, exploitation of human labor and the devastation of nature; as well as its theoretical framework (liberalism) and the role of the State. This approach will serve as the base for a theological reading of the infeasibility of capitalism.

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Mejía Alzate, Mario Andres, Joel David Melo Trujillo, Antonio Padilha Feltrin, Carmen Cecilia Sánchez Zuleta et Juan Pablo Fernández Gutiérrez. « Geographical Information Systems as a Tool to Assist the Electricity Distribution Networks Planning ». Revista EIA 16, n^o 32 (15 juin 2019) : 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.24050/reia.v16i32.1125.

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Español:Resumen. En los últimos años, el crecimiento de la población en las áreas urbanas de las ciudades de Latinoamérica ha causado aumento en la demanda eléctrica de manera dispersa, trayendo desafíos a la planificación de los sistemas de distribución, para satisfacer esta demanda. Además, los incentivos para instalación de generación distribuida hacen necesario realizar análisis con perspectiva espacial para determinar los lugares de mayor impacto en las redes de distribución eléctrica. Los sistemas de información geográfica son herramientas computacionales que permiten el procesamiento de datos con referencia geográfica. Estos sistemas pueden colaborar en la visualización de las características socioeconómicas y las variables distribuidas en la zona de estudio, proporcionando informaciones a los planificadores de distribución. Este trabajo muestra herramientas computacionales que ayudarán a las empresas de distribución, utilizando técnicas disponibles en sistemas de información geográfica para caracterizar las particularidades locales, en la zona de concesión, de las empresas de distribución.English:Abstract. In recent years, the population growth in urban areas of Latin American cities has resulted in an increase in demand for electricity in a dispersed manner, bringing challenges to the planning of distribution systems to supply this demand. In addition, incentives for the installation of distributed generation make it necessary to carry out analyzes with a spatial perspective to determine the places of impact in the electricity distribution networks. Geographic information systems are computational tools that allow the processing of data with geographic reference. These systems can collaborate in the visualization of the socioeconomic characteristics and the variables distributed in the zone of study, being able to provide information to the distribution planners. This work shows computational tools that will help distribution utilities, using techniques available in geographic information systems to characterize the local factors in concession zone of the distribution utilities. Português: Resumo. Nos últimos anos, o crescimento da população nas áreas urbanas das cidades de Latino América, resultou no aumento da demanda elétrica de forma dispersa, trazendo desafios ao planejamento de sistemas de distribuição para atender essa demanda. Além disso, incentivos para a instalação de geração distribuída tornam necessária a realização de análises com caráter espacial para determinar os locais de maior impacto nas redes de distribuição de energia. Os sistemas de informação geográfica são ferramentas computacionais que permitem o processamento de dados com referência geográfica. Esses sistemas podem colaborar na visualização das características socioeconômicas e das variáveis distribuídas na zona de estudo, podendo fornecer informações aos planejadores de distribuição. Este trabalho mostra ferramentas computacionais que ajudarão os serviços de distribuição, usando técnicas disponíveis em sistemas de informação geográfica para caracterizar os fatores locais da zona de concessão dos serviços de distribuição.

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Borba, Jaqueline Ronconi, Jéssica Mazutti Penso-Campos, Marina Schmidt Dalzochio, Jussara Alves Sommer, Eduardo Périco, André Guirland Vieira et Eliane Fraga da Silveira. « Análise espacial e perfil epidemiológico da hanseníase como subsídio para identificação de riscos e vulnerabilidades socioambientais em Rondônia, BR ». Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, n^o 3 (20 juillet 2021) : 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.3.p1513-1529.

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A hanseníase é uma doença antiga, e sempre foi estigmatizada devido às sequelas que causam nos portadores, bem como, sua origem socioeconômica e cultural. Dada à complexidade epidemiológica da hanseníase, conhecer a espacialidade da doença e sua relação com fatores sociais, culturais e ambientais pode subsidiar o planejamento de novas ações para políticas públicas de saúde. A partir de técnicas de análise espacial e Modelos Lineares Generalizados (GLMs) o objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos portadores e realizar a análise espacial da hanseníase no estado do Rondônia, relacionando com variáveis socioambentais. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, transversal, envolvendo os casos de hanseníase, no período de 2017, nos municípios de Rondônia, com dados provenientes do Sistema de Informática em Saúde do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS, 2019). No ano de 2017, foram 575 notificações, com 95,3% com 15 anos ou mais, o sexo masculino teve uma prevalência maior com 58,1%. O modo de entrada do paciente no sistema de assistência à saúde foi maior na categoria "caso novo" (81,9%). Entre os 52 municípios de Rondônia, apenas 11,5% (6) municípios não apresentaram casos. A forma Dimorfa foi a mais frequente (59,3% de incidência), com registros em 39 municípios. Os modelos lineares indicaram relação entre as formas da doença e o número de casos com as variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas analisadas: analfabetismo, renda média, destinação sanitária e cobertura da atenção básica em saúde. Spatial analysis and epidemiological profile of leprosy as a subsidy for identifying socio-environmental risks and vulnerabilities in Rondônia, BR A B S T R A C TLeprosy is an old disease, and has always been stigmatized due to the sequelae it causes to its carriers, as well as its socioeconomic and cultural origin. Given the epidemiological complexity of leprosy, knowing the spatiality of the disease and its relationship with social, cultural and environmental factors can support the planning of new actions for public health policies. Using spatial analysis techniques and Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), the objective was to describe the epidemiological profile of patients and to carry out the spatial analysis of leprosy relating to socio-environmental variables in the state of Rondônia. This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study, involving leprosy cases, in the period of 2017, in the municipalities of Rondônia, with data from the Health Informatics System of the Unified Health System (DATASUS, 2019). In the year 2017, there were 575 notifications, with 95.3% aged 15 years or older, males had a higher prevalence with 58.1%. The mode of entry of the patient into the health care system was higher in the "new case" category (81.9%). Among the 52 municipalities in Rondônia, only 11.5% (6) municipalities did not present any cases. The Dimorfa form was the most frequent (59.3% incidence), with records in 39 municipalities. The generalized linear models indicated a relationship between the forms of the disease and the number of cases with the demographic and socioeconomic variables analyzed: illiteracy, average income, sanitary destination, primary health care.Keywords: Neglected Diseases; Mycobacterium leprae; Public health; Epidemiology.

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