Thèses sur le sujet « Sinteticità »
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IMBROSCIANO, CHIARA. « Il dovere di sinteticità e chiarezza nel sistema del diritto processuale civile ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/329267.
Texte intégralThe code of civil procedure does not establish a binding legal principle of clarity and concision in written pleadings. Nevertheless, the duties of clarity and conciseness have a constitutional basis. They are related to the principles of reasonable duration and procedural economy. The research examines the different possible points of view that, whit regard to the principles of clarity and simplicity, the judge and the lawyer might have.
Scordari, Alessandra <1980>. « Differenziamento macrofagico : gli effetti dei polimeri sintetici ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/698/1/Tesi_Scordari_Alessandra.pdf.
Texte intégralScordari, Alessandra <1980>. « Differenziamento macrofagico : gli effetti dei polimeri sintetici ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/698/.
Texte intégralMORELLI, STEFANO. « Gli Hedge Fund sintetici : un’analisi del mercato ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/1319.
Texte intégralThis work wants to analyze the features of hedge funds “clones” and in particular the differences and the similarities with traditional investment solutions, as mutual funds and hedge funds above all. After a literature’s review aimed at the comparison of the different investment solutions, this work will focus on the market performance of hedge funds clones and will analyze the typical problems of these instruments.
Bonucchi, Nicola. « Caratterizzazione flessionale del rinforzo di pavimentazioni bituminose con interstrati sintetici ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Trouver le texte intégralPalmieri, Luca. « Generazione di dati sintetici per serie storiche : il framework TimeGAN ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Trouver le texte intégralSavini, Ivan. « Analisi delle tecnologie di produzione e delle applicazioni dei combustibili sintetici ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Trouver le texte intégralMinuzzo, Irene <1986>. « Nanoemulsioni di oli naturali e sintetici modificati per applicazioni nell'industria conciaria ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/2732.
Texte intégralFABBRI, MATTEO. « Sfruttare i Dati Sintetici per Migliorare la Comprensione del Comportamento Umano ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1239978.
Texte intégralMost recent Deep Learning techniques require large volumes of training data in order to achieve human-like performance. Especially in Computer Vision, datasets are expensive to create because they usually require a considerable manual effort that can not be automated. Indeed, manual annotation is error-prone, inconsistent for subjective tasks (e.g. age classification), and not applicable to particular data (e.g. high frame-rate videos). For some tasks, like pose estimation and tracking, an alternative to manual annotation implies the use of wearable sensors. However, this approach is not feasible under some circumstances (e.g. in crowded scenarios) since the need to wear sensors limits its application to controlled environments. To overcome all the aforementioned limitations, we collected a set of synthetic datasets exploiting a photorealistic videogame. By relying on a virtual simulator, the annotations are error-free and always consistent as there is no manual annotation involved. Moreover, our data is suitable for in-the-wild applications as it contains multiple scenarios and a high variety of people appearances. In addition, our datasets are privacy compliant as no real human was involved in the data acquisition. Leveraging this newly collected data, extensive studies have been conducted on a plethora of tasks. In particular, for 2D pose estimation and tracking, we propose a deep network architecture that jointly extracts people body parts and associates them across short temporal spans. Our model explicitly deals with occluded body parts, by hallucinating plausible solutions of not visible joints. For 3D pose estimation, we propose to use high-resolution volumetric heatmaps to model joint locations, devising a simple and effective compression method to drastically reduce the size of this representation. For attribute classification, we overcome a common problem in surveillance, namely people occlusion, by designing a network capable of hallucinating occluded people with a plausible aspect. From a more practical point of view, we design an edge-AI system capable of evaluating in real-time the COVID-19 contagion risk of a monitored area by analyzing video streams. As synthetic data might suffer domain-shift related problems, we further investigate image translation techniques for the tasks of head pose estimation, attribute recognition and face landmark localization.
Sancisi, Giada. « Integrazione di elementi sintetici in scene reali mediante Photoshop 3d e Maya ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/6661/.
Texte intégralDI, FELICIANTONIO MARINA. « Studio in vitro sulla stabilità strutturale dei cannabinoidi sintetici nel fluido orale ». Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/253005.
Texte intégralIn the last decade the illegal drug market has seen the birth, first, and the affirmation, then, of synthetic substances much more dangerous than traditional drugs. In 2012 the Commission on Narcotic Drugs classified them under the term NPS or "New Psychoactive Substances", legally marketed as environmental fragrances named "Spice". Chemical-toxicological results have highlighted the presence, in this products, of synthetic cannabinoids particularly affine to CB1 cannabinoid receptors. The aim of the research was to evaluate the structural stability of these molecules when subjected to a change of the physical state due to the high temperatures reached during the smoking process. The attention was drawn to saliva, the biological matrix immediately involved in the smoking process, characterized by non-invasive sampling and which allowed obtaining reliable and repeatable data in high-resolution mass spectrometry. The highly lipophilic structure of the molecules requires the use of glass containers, in order to avoid adsorption on the surface of polypropylene tubes, while the storage temperature to which the biological matrix is subjected influences the potential degradation of synthetic cannabinoids by salivary and/or microbial enzymes. The results obtained show a certain structural stability of the molecules under investigation, but the analytical data obtained, usable both in the clinical and forensic field, must comply with a strict analytical/instrumental protocol.
Bozzo, Sean <1993>. « Abolizione degli studi di settore e nuovi “indici sintetici di affidabilità fiscale” ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12777.
Texte intégralBoscariol, Elena <1995>. « La disciplina degli indici sintetici di affidabilità fiscale : strumento di tax compliance ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/18785.
Texte intégralMarcher, Carmen. « Applicabilità degli idrogrammi sintetici di progetto nello studio del comportamento idraulico dei corsi d'acqua naturali ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/234/.
Texte intégralBianchi, Laura <1979>. « Produzione di virus sintetici per lo studio dei meccanismi di interazione coinvolti nell'induzione di resistenza ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/791/1/Tesi_Bianchi_Laura.pdf.
Texte intégralBianchi, Laura <1979>. « Produzione di virus sintetici per lo studio dei meccanismi di interazione coinvolti nell'induzione di resistenza ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/791/.
Texte intégralArmenise, Nicola <1985>. « Sviluppo ambientalmente sostenibile di processi chimici e metodi sintetici innovativi focalizzati alla sintesi di nuove librerie molecolari ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7478/1/Armenise_Nicola_Tesi.pdf.
Texte intégralThis thesis is intended to be a work that encompasses some of the various relevant aspects linking the Green Chemistry practice to environmental sustainability. The thesis covers sustainable development through chapters that contribute to the design of novel environmentally benign chemical processes and green approaches to minimize and/or remediate environmental pollution. In this context, my PhD project has faced three main topics: 1. Design, synthesis and characterization of new surfactant molecules employing renewable feedstocks, itaconic acid and fatty amines, as starting materials; Chapter 2 describes this topic. 2. Development of a sustainable procedure aimed to the multicomponent cascade synthesis of biaryl-based chalcones in pure water or under micellar catalysis conditions; in the latter case, one of the surfactants previously synthesized has been widely employed; Chapter 5 describes this topic. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 describe the scientific context and the most important innovations that have paved the way to the results achieved during the 2nd year of PhD course; the former is an overview on the use of water as solvent for organic reactions; the latter is an overview on cross-coupling reactions and the exploitation in this context of micellar catalysis. 3. Design, synthesis and exploitation of deuterated phenanthroline-type ligands for the aerobic palladium-catalyzed oxidation of methyl glucoside, allowing a high performance improvement in this challenging reaction; Chapter 7 collects the obtained results, while Chapter 6 summarizes the most important advances obtained in the last years in the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidations of alcohols.
Armenise, Nicola <1985>. « Sviluppo ambientalmente sostenibile di processi chimici e metodi sintetici innovativi focalizzati alla sintesi di nuove librerie molecolari ». Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7478/.
Texte intégralThis thesis is intended to be a work that encompasses some of the various relevant aspects linking the Green Chemistry practice to environmental sustainability. The thesis covers sustainable development through chapters that contribute to the design of novel environmentally benign chemical processes and green approaches to minimize and/or remediate environmental pollution. In this context, my PhD project has faced three main topics: 1. Design, synthesis and characterization of new surfactant molecules employing renewable feedstocks, itaconic acid and fatty amines, as starting materials; Chapter 2 describes this topic. 2. Development of a sustainable procedure aimed to the multicomponent cascade synthesis of biaryl-based chalcones in pure water or under micellar catalysis conditions; in the latter case, one of the surfactants previously synthesized has been widely employed; Chapter 5 describes this topic. Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 describe the scientific context and the most important innovations that have paved the way to the results achieved during the 2nd year of PhD course; the former is an overview on the use of water as solvent for organic reactions; the latter is an overview on cross-coupling reactions and the exploitation in this context of micellar catalysis. 3. Design, synthesis and exploitation of deuterated phenanthroline-type ligands for the aerobic palladium-catalyzed oxidation of methyl glucoside, allowing a high performance improvement in this challenging reaction; Chapter 7 collects the obtained results, while Chapter 6 summarizes the most important advances obtained in the last years in the palladium-catalyzed aerobic oxidations of alcohols.
Berto, Francesca. « Studio e sviluppo di elettrogrammi atriali sintetici per la validazione di un algoritmo per la detezione delle attivazioni atriali ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/12207/.
Texte intégralFRUSTERI, CHIACCHIERA ANGELICA. « Progettazione e caratterizzazione di circuiti sintetici basati su tecnologia CRISPRi per inibire i geni di resistenza antibiotica nei batteri ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1452747.
Texte intégralBacterial evolution is driven by rapid adaptation to changing environments where adverse conditions must be faced. The horizontal exchange of genetic information, along with the inherent bacterial genome plasticity, are key players in the evolution of microbial populations with increased tolerance towards challenging conditions, which also include the selective pressure exerted by physical or chemical agents. A central role in microbial adaptation is exerted by the arsenal of antimicrobial agents (antibiotics, antivirals, anti- fungals etc.) used in different settings (from clinical to agriculture sector) to threat or prevent infectious diseases. The abuse and misuse of these medicines drive the evolution and selection of microbes able to survive exposure to an antimicrobial agent that was originally effective to kill the cell or arrest its growth. This phenomenon is defined as Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). Of a great concern is especially the spread of antibiotic resistance which, day by day, erodes the efficacy of available antibiotics and compromises our ability to cure life-threatening infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. This scenario poses an urgent need for new strategies to counteract AMR. With this regard, Synthetic Biology may significantly contribute to the development of non-traditional therapies able to supplant or accompanying antibiotics use. In particular, by rewriting the genetic program of a cell, synthetic biologists aim at designing sophisticated living systems able to carry out a defined task in a reliable and predictable manner. For instance, to treat a localized AMR-associated infection, a microorganism can be rationally programmed to act as a vehicle for the in situ delivery of an antimicrobial agent different from an antibiotic and able to selectively kill resistant bacteria. This genetic program can be encoded in a synthetic circuit by leveraging a collection of biological regulatory parts and the strong programmable nature of a genetic tool named CRISPR technology. The latter can be exploited to design sequence-specific antimicrobials as a guide RNA sequence can be ad hoc designed to drive the cleavage of Cas9 nuclease towards target genes encoding for resistance determinants. In target cells, this event results in bacterial death or re-sensitization to antibiotic therapy. Although this approach has already been explored by several research groups with promising results, at least two major hurdles still have to be faced: the risk of generating new variants of resistance genes in escaper cells that have survived CRISPR targeting by repairing the DNA damage, and the need to develop a robust delivery strategy to mobilize in vivo the synthetic circuit in target bacteria. Both challenges were addressed with the research work presented in this thesis. First, to avoid the threatening consequences of Cas9 cleavage, a synthetic circuitry based on CRISPRi technology was developed as it relies on the ability of dCas9 protein to inhibit the expression of target genes without damaging the relative nucleotide sequence. This is expected to exert re-sensitization of a target pathogen population. In particular, the CRISPRi circuitry was characterized in terms of repression efficiency and multi-targeting capability in two case studies: transcriptional inhibition of model- and clinically-relevant resistance genes. Second, a delivery platform based on bacterial conjugation was exploited to mobilize the CRISPRi circuitry in target resistant bacteria. Finally, a mathematical model was implemented with the purpose to simulate the effect of a CRISPRi-based therapy on AMR pathogens and to compare different biological scenarios including the targeting and the delivery mechanisms, and eventually gaining insight into the best therapeutic strategies for in vivo use.
Santorelli, Ottavia <1989>. « Studio di filati sintetici contenenti fibra acrilica : caratterizzazione e test di invecchiamento di filati Dralon® e Leacril® ». Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10045.
Texte intégralSCUTARU, CORINA. « Miglioramento delle caratteristiche nutrizionali e tecnologiche della carne suina mediante integrazione della dieta con semi di lino estrusi ed antiossidanti sintetici e naturali ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1201051.
Texte intégralMeat and meat products are important sources of protein, essential amino acids, fat, minerals, vitamins and other nutrients. However, in recent years, several epidemiological studies have associated red meat and processed meat consumption with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer. A good strategy for improving nutritional profile and pork quality could be the manipulation of animal diet. The aim of this research was to produce “healthier” pork by feeding with ingredients rich in n-3 fatty acids as linseed and addition of antioxidants for improving meat quality, during animal breeding. Two experiments were performed to investigate the potential application of extruded linseed and synthetic or natural antioxidants from oregano and grape skin in pig diets, on the carcass characteristics and pork quality. The first experiment was made as a preliminary of the second, for the evaluation of the tested products. The first experiment investigated the effect of inclusion of extruded linseed supplemented with supra-nutritional doses of vitamin E and Selenium or natural antioxidants from grape skin extract in pig diets on the carcass characteristics and lipid fatty acid composition, meat quality and shelf-life of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle packaged in modified atmospheres (MAP) with oxygen (70% O2/30% CO2) or nitrogen (70% N2/30% CO2), during refrigerated storage. No effect of dietary treatments was found on the carcass characteristics. Further, drip and cooking losses, oxidative stability in raw and cooked muscle, shear force and chemical composition (moisture, crude protein and lipid contents of LTL muscle) were affected neither by linseed nor by the antioxidants addition. Linseed inclusion in pig diets increased n-3 PUFA content and reduced n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio in both backfat and LTL muscle. As expected, high concentration of oxygen in MAP brought about an increase in oxidative products and yielded redder meat, irrespective of the dietary treatment during refrigerated storage. In the second experiment, in comparison with the first one, was included a diet with only extruded linseed, and the diet with natural antioxidants was supplemented with oregano extract. The effects of the diets on the same parameters of the previous experiment were evaluated, in addition to the microbial growth of LTL muscle packed in high oxygen MAP (35% CO2, 65% O2). The addition of extruded linseed and vegetal extracts supplementation in the pig diets did not affect the carcass characteristics. Shelf-life study showed that microbial growth tended to be higher in the control group respect to other groups. However, throughout the experiment all the microbiological counts were under the microbiological selling threshold (6 log10 CFU/g) of raw meat established by European Food and Safety Authority. Lipid oxidation in LTL muscle increased with storage time for all dietary treatments, however no significant differences were found among the groups. It is interesting to note that vegetal extracts were as effective as vitamin E in preventing lipid oxidation. Linseed inclusion in pig diets increased n-3 fatty acids amount in the backfat and LTL muscle, and also reduced the n-6/n-3 ratio up to a level below 4, considered optimal for consumers’ health.
Marani, Gianmarco. « Analisi della risposta torsionale indotta da una parete eccentrica in strutture monopiano a pilastri ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Trouver le texte intégralZanellini, Andrea. « Tecniche di Machine Learning per il monitoraggio della linea di potenza ferroviaria ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/22364/.
Texte intégralLagattolla, Giorgia. « Materiali ibridi contenenti cheratina per applicazioni biomedicali ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/21369/.
Texte intégralLongo, Francesco. « Analisi e caratterizzazione dei materiali di rinforzo nelle sovrastrutture stradali ». Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016.
Trouver le texte intégralTullini, Francesco. « Caratterizzazione dinamica di rinforzi bituminosi interstrato tramite prove a fatica di taglio Leutner ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/3329/.
Texte intégralMarzola, Alex. « Studio della metanazione della CO2 ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.
Trouver le texte intégralStambazzi, Luca. « Analisi del comportamento idraulico del Torrente Marano tramite modello idrodinamico ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15285/.
Texte intégralDE, GIANNI ANTONIO. « Production of high-quality red wines from native vines through the management of viticultural, technological, aging and packaging variables PhD ». Doctoral thesis, Università di Foggia, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11369/337550.
Texte intégralGRAZIANO, PAOLA. « RISCHIO, VULNERABILITA' E RESILIENZA TERRITORIALE : IL CASO DELLE PROVINCE ITALIANE ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1952.
Texte intégralThe aim of the work is to provide a theoretical framework regarding the multidimensional concept of vulnerability of local systems, then applying it to a case study on Italian provinces. The first chapter outlines a theoretical framework of this concept, using a reading of the phenomenon according to a systemic mold, whereby the risk is positively correlated with spatial vulnerability factors and negatively with resilience factors. Region is represented in the three dimensions of sustainability, that is the economic, social and environmental ones, following a holistic approach. The second one applies the theoretical framework for a study on the Italian provinces. We have adopted a method of synthesis by successive steps, which provides the application of multivariate techniques. We arrive at an indicators system and composite indices of economic, social and environmental vulnerability and resilience. In the third one we reach the composite indices of vulnerability and resilience of local systems, comparing different methods of aggregation among themselves. Systems are identified as most at risk, because more vulnerable and less gifted with factors of response to change. Elements of originality are highlighted in terms of theoretical project for the treatment of the theme in the distinct dimensions Economy, Society and Environment, as well as, at empirical level, the usage of hybrid synthesis methods.
GRAZIANO, PAOLA. « RISCHIO, VULNERABILITA' E RESILIENZA TERRITORIALE : IL CASO DELLE PROVINCE ITALIANE ». Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1952.
Texte intégralThe aim of the work is to provide a theoretical framework regarding the multidimensional concept of vulnerability of local systems, then applying it to a case study on Italian provinces. The first chapter outlines a theoretical framework of this concept, using a reading of the phenomenon according to a systemic mold, whereby the risk is positively correlated with spatial vulnerability factors and negatively with resilience factors. Region is represented in the three dimensions of sustainability, that is the economic, social and environmental ones, following a holistic approach. The second one applies the theoretical framework for a study on the Italian provinces. We have adopted a method of synthesis by successive steps, which provides the application of multivariate techniques. We arrive at an indicators system and composite indices of economic, social and environmental vulnerability and resilience. In the third one we reach the composite indices of vulnerability and resilience of local systems, comparing different methods of aggregation among themselves. Systems are identified as most at risk, because more vulnerable and less gifted with factors of response to change. Elements of originality are highlighted in terms of theoretical project for the treatment of the theme in the distinct dimensions Economy, Society and Environment, as well as, at empirical level, the usage of hybrid synthesis methods.
Righetto, Nicola. « Studio della composizione chimica di un campione di stelle di alone metal-poor c-normal e c-enhanced ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/25350/.
Texte intégralMarchi, Fabiana. « In vitro and in vivo studies of bioresorbable electrospun scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering : on the effectiveness of blending poly(epsilon-caprolactone) with poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422098.
Texte intégralLa struttura di un vaso sanguigno e' relativamente semplice essendo principalmente composto da uno strato di cellule muscolari lisce (SMCs) incorporato in una matrice di collagene. Il lume interno e' rivestito da cellule endoteliali (ECs) che costituiscono l'interfaccia tra il flusso sanguigno e la parete del vaso. Lo strato esterno e' ricoperto da fibroblasti (FBs) e da tessuto connettivo (Seunarine et al., 2008). Sebbene impianti autologhi di arteria e di vena rappresentino la migliore opzione clinica per il bypass o la sostituzione di vasi sanguigni stenotici a causa di processi patologici o traumi, diversi limiti influenzano questa pratica, in particolare malattie vascolari preesistenti e la limitata lunghezza o la scarsa qualita' dei sostituti (Pektok et al., 2008; Nottelet et al., 2009). Protesi vascolari in politetrafluoroetilene espanso (ePTFE) o Dacron sono attualmente utilizzate con successo per superare i limiti sopra riportati e per il bypass di condotti vascolari di medio e grande calibro, superiore a 6 mm. L' ingegneria tissutale dei sostituti vascolari (TEVGs) e' un approccio alternativo per la costruzione di vasi di piccolo diametro (<6 mm) con la possibilita' di controllare fenomeni di trombosi, iperplasia cellulare ed eccessiva produzione di matrice. Inoltre, in vivo devono essere assicurati il mantenimento della pervieta' del graft e di adeguate proprieta' meccaniche e la formazione di un endotelio funzionale (Zhang et al., 2009). Questo argomento rappresenta una questione cruciale da affrontare per superare gli inconvenienti dei sostituti di piccolo diametro e per poter usufruire di questi anche nel settore della chirurgia pediatrica. Tale approccio si basa sull' utilizzo di uno scaffold polimerico poroso a cui le cellule endoteliali (ECs) possano aderire cosi' da formare un monostrato antitrombogenico con proprieta' vasoattive (Williamson et al., 2006). Obbiettivo finale e' la realizzazione di un costrutto trapiantabile in grado di adattarsi alle modifiche dell' ospite. Lo scaffold ideale dovrebbe essere dotato di buona biocompatibilita' e biodegradabilita' . Esso dovrebbe inoltre disporre di adeguate proprieta' biomeccaniche e di ampia disponibilita' di svariate dimensioni per una vasta gamma di applicazioni cliniche (Tillman et al., 2009). Con la tecnica dell' elettrospinning si ottengono supporti polimerici per sostituti vascolari con particolari caratteristiche: degradazione controllata durante il rimodellamento in vivo, riproduzione di un ambiente adatto alla crescita cellulare e in grado di mimare le proprieta' fisiche e strutturali della matrice extracellulare (ECM) nativa (Baiguera et al., 2009). Le matrici polimeriche biodegradabili prodotte con la tecnica dell' electrospinning, sono tra i materiali piu' promettenti, grazie alla loro somiglianza alla matrice extracellulare (ECM) (He et al., 2009). Il poli(epsilon-caprolattone) (PCL) e' un poliestere alifatico, ampiamente studiato come biomateriale; i suoi vantaggi sono la facilita' di fabbricazione, la duttilita' e l' elevata resistenza meccanica. Puo' essere prodotto come scaffold tubulare con le dimensioni richieste e con porosita' e viscoelasticita' ottimali (Pankajakshan et Agrawal, 2010). Tuttavia, la sua generalmente scarsa affinita' cellulare, dovuta all' idrofobicita' , la mancanza di molecole segnale e la sua lenta degradazione in vivo (Nottelet et al., 2009) sono aspetti che precludono la sua considerazione come materiale ideale per l' ingegneria tissutale (Xiang et al. 2011). Di conseguenza, la realizzazione di un blend di PCL con polimeri naturali potrebbe essere un approccio promettente nel campo dell'ingegneria tissutale vascolare (Pankajakshan et Agrawal, 2010). Inoltre miscele di polimeri sintetici e naturali hanno gia' mostrato buona citocompatibilita' con cellule staminali mesenchimali (Tang et Wu, 2005). Il poli (3-idrossibutirrato-co-3-idrossivalerato) (PHBV) e' un materiale naturale prodotto da numerosi batteri. La sua degradazione in vivo comporta il rilascio di idrossiacidi, meno acidi e meno infiammatori rispetto ad altri polimeri bioriassorbibili (Williams et Martin, 2002). Le sue varie proprieta' quali l'origine biologica, la biodegradabilita' , la biocompatibilita' , la non tossicita' (Ke et al., 2010) ne fanno un buon candidato per la realizzazione di blend con PCL. Partendo da tali presupposti, in questo progetto sono stati valutati i seguenti materiali: soft poli(epsilon-caprolattone) (PCL), di origine sintetica e gia' approvato dalla Food and Drug Administration, hard poli(3-idrossibutirrato-co-3-idrossivalerato) (PHBV), di origine microbica, e il loro blend PCL/PHBV (50% PCL/50% PHBV). Le matrici polimeriche e gli scaffold tubulari elettrofilati sono stati progettati, prodotti e caratterizzati presso l'Universita' di Roma "Tor Vergata", Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche, dalla Prof. Alessandra Bianco e dall'Ing. Costantino Del Gaudio. Nella prima fase del lavoro, e' stata testata la citocompatibilita' su matrici e su scaffold ricavati da strutture tubulari di piccolo calibro (diametro interno<6mm) tramite saggi in vitro utilizzando cellule endoteliali di ratti Sprague-Dawley da due diversi distretti: microcircolo cerebrale (RCEC) ed aorta (RAEC). Sono stati effettuati saggi di adesione, di vitalita' e di proliferazione che hanno dimostrato che le matrici a base di PCL permettono la sopravvivenza e la migliore crescita delle RCEC. Nel caso di scaffold ricavati da strutture tubulari di PCL e PCL/PHBV, le RCEC hanno ricoperto la superficie dei polimeri organizzandosi in un monostrato come nei vasi sanguigni nativi. Diversamente dalle RCEC, le RAEC sono cresciute costantemente e hanno colonizzato anche le matrici e gli scaffold ricavati da strutture tubulari di PHBV. Nella seconda fase del lavoro e' stata valutata la biocompatibilita' delle matrici polimeriche di PCL, PHBV e PCL/PHBV mediante l' impianto in vivo nel tessuto sottocutaneo dorsale di ratti Sprague-Dawley per 7, 14 e 28 giorni. Tutti i ratti sono sopravvissuti e tutti i polimeri espiantati sono apparsi conservati nel loro aspetto e forma. La colorazione con ematossilina ed eosina ha dimostrato il completo riassorbimento della capsula fibrosa a 28 giorni, sui polimeri di PHBV e di PCL/PHBV. L' infiltrato cellulare infiammatorio e' diminuito nel tempo mentre e' aumentato il numero di cellule migranti che hanno colonizzato la zona di confine tra tessuto e matrice e in parte l' interno di quest' ultima. I risultati ottenuti in vitro ed in vivo sembrano indicare il blend PCL/PHBV come possibile materiale alternativo al PCL nel campo dell' ingegneria tissutale vascolare sia per le caratteristiche intermedie tra PCL, di origine sintetica, e PHBV, di origine naturale rispettivamente, sia per la degradazione e il rimodellamento piu' rapidi in vivo rispetto al PCL
HASSAN, MARIAM. « Perpendicularly magnetized synthetic antiferromagnets for flexible spintronic and biomedical applications ». Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/289757.
Texte intégralAlthough discovered about three decades ago, the peculiar properties of synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) thin films consisting of two ferromagnetic layers separated by a non-magnetic metal spacer have recently revived a renewed interest as potential candidates for a number of innovative and advanced applications including spintronics and biotechnology. SAFs are key component in spintronic devices and a significant attention has been recently paid on the preparation of such devises on flexible substrates, which provide wide advantages over their conventional rigid-substrate counterparts, such as the ability to bend and adjust the shape of a device, a light-weight and low costs. While the progress and development of systems with longitudinal magnetic anisotropy on non-planar substrates has been remarkable over the last few years, flexible magneto-resistive heterostructures with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) are rather unexplored despite they allow for additional functionality and improved performance. On the other hand, for diagnostic and therapeutic applications, perpendicular magnetized SAF microdisks prepared by top-down lithographic approaches have been recently proposed as a valid alternative to the most investigated superparamagnetic particles synthetized by chemical routes as they fulfill all the key criteria required for biomedical applications while allowing a significant degree of control and tunability of the magnetic properties. Within this context, this thesis aims at developing and studying magneto-resistive spintronic devices on flexible substrates and microdiscs for biomedical applications based on SAF thin film stacks with PMA. The focus was on Co/Pd- and Co/Ni-based systems due to their strong PMA (~106 J/m3) and the possibility to finely tune their magnetic properties by varying the thickness of the individual layers and the number of repetitions N of the Co/Pd(Ni) bilayer. In particular, flexible Co/Pd(Ni)-based giant magnetoresistance spin-valve thin film stacks consisting of a [Co/Pd(Ni)]N free layer and a fully compensated [Co/Pd(Ni)]N/Ru/[Co/Pd(Ni)]N synthetic antiferromagnet reference electrode separated by a Cu spacer, were prepared by direct deposition on flexible substrates and by exploiting both wet and dry-etching transfer-and-bonding approaches. Measurements under bending conditions were also performed to investigate the robustness of the flexible spin-valves and the possibility for their integration on curved surfaces. The optimized SAF stacks were also used for the preparation of thin fil stacks consisting of multiple repeats of single [Co/Pd]N/Ru/[Co/Pd]N SAF units with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy with the aim to fabricate free-standing SAF microdisks by using lithographic processes.
BUSA', MARIO. « Nuovi sistemi cognitivi sintetici di memoria per l’interazione umano-robot a lungo termine ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11570/3117530.
Texte intégralDI, DIO LUCA. « Studio delle proprietà ottiche e termiche di opali sintetici e acciai tramite tecniche fototermiche ». Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/918841.
Texte intégralPRATESI, SARA. « LIGANDI SINTETICI DEL TLR7 E LORO APPLICAZIONE IN VIVO COME ADIUVANTI NEL TRATTAMENTO DELLE MALATTIE ALLERGICHE E DEI TUMORI ». Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/798058.
Texte intégralGiacomello, Giovanni. « Pavimentazioni con leganti polimerici per impalcati di ponte in calcestruzzo ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3455965.
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