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Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Signalisation mTORC1 »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Signalisation mTORC1"
Chantal Dreyer, Eric Raymond et Sandrine Faivre. « La voie de signalisation PI3K/AKT/mTOR ». Cancéro digest 1, no 3 (2009) : 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.4267/2042/28434.
Texte intégralBatisse Lignier, M., L. Mounier, I. Sahut-Barnola, P. Val, F. Tissier, F. Bertherat, J. L. Kemeny, I. Tauveron, A. Martinez et A. M. Lefrancois Martinez. « Signalisation Wnt/beta-caténine et mTOR : cibles thérapeutiques potentielles dans le corticosurrénalome ». Annales d'Endocrinologie 73, no 4 (septembre 2012) : 264–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ando.2012.07.098.
Texte intégralRachdi, L., et R. Scharfmann. « PO10 Rôle de la signalisation mTOR dans le développement et le maintien de la masse de cellules ß pancréatiques ». Diabetes & ; Metabolism 36 (mars 2010) : A30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(10)70116-6.
Texte intégralBrotelle, Thibault, et Jacques-Olivier Bay. « La voie de signalisation PI3K-AKT-mTOR : description, développement thérapeutique, résistances, marqueurs prédictifs/pronostiques et applications thérapeutiques en cancérologie ». Bulletin du Cancer 103, no 1 (janvier 2016) : 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bulcan.2015.09.011.
Texte intégralMoinard, C., R. Noirt, S. Le Plenier et L. Cynober. « P009 La leucine, mais pas la citrulline, active la voie de signalisation mTOR dans un modèle de jeûne court chez le rat ». Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme 21 (novembre 2007) : 50–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0985-0562(07)78811-8.
Texte intégralCouderc, C., G. Poncet, T. Walter, M. Blanc, N. Gadot, C. Lombard-Bohas, J. Y. Scoazec et C. Roche. « P.238 Inhibition de la voie de signalisation PI3K/mTOR dans les cellules endocrines tumorales STC-1 : étude in vitro et in vivo ». Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique 33, no 3 (mars 2009) : A167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0399-8320(09)72929-x.
Texte intégralAuquier, J., A. Ginion, L. Hue, J. L. Vanoverschelde, S. Horman, C. Beauloye et L. Bertrand. « P182 L’activation de l’axe mTOR/p70S6K par la leucine réduit la stimulation de la voie de signalisation insulinique mais pas du transport du glucose en réponse à l’insuline dans le cardiomyocyte ». Diabetes & ; Metabolism 38 (mars 2012) : A74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1262-3636(12)71284-3.
Texte intégralThèses sur le sujet "Signalisation mTORC1"
Poulain, Laury. « Etude du métabolisme du glucose dans les leucémies aigües myéloïdes et implication de la voie de signalisation mTORC1 ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB028/document.
Texte intégralAcute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) are heterogeneous hematological diseases with poor prognosis characterized by a clonal expansion of immature progenitors. Many deregulation of signaling pathways are found in leukemic cells and give them an advantage of proliferation and survival. The MTORC1 signaling pathway, which controls protein translation, autophagy and several metabolic pathways, is constitutively activated in leukemic cells. Metabolic reprogramming in particular the "Warburg effect" is a phenomenon well described in cancer cells. High rate of glycolysis has been considered to give tumour cells advantages through rapid production of ATP and intermediates for the synthesis of nucleotides, amino acids, and lipids. In this context, I studied glucose metabolism in AML cells and the involvement of the mTORC1 signaling pathway in the deregulation of this metabolism. First, I identified by a transcriptomic analysis in the MOLM-14 cell line that mTORC1 signaling controls several metabolic pathways including those for glucose utilization. This has been verified in several AML cell lines, since inhibition or over-activation of mTORC1 respectively induces a decrease or an increase in glucose consumption and lactate production. Interestingly, the level of activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway determines the sensitivity of AML cells to the inhibition of glycolysis. Indeed, when mTORC1 is activated, the blockade of glycolysis induces autophagy and apoptosis of leukemic cells. Conversely, blocking mTORC1 induces metabolic reprogramming of leukemic cells, which then mainly use oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP for their needs. AML cell survival become independent of glucose. Unlike primary AML cells, survival of normal immature hematopoietic cells CD34+ is only barely affected by the blockade of glycolysis. Thus, targeting the glucose metabolism may constitute an attractive therapeutic strategy in AML. I then investigated the anti-leukemic activity induced by the inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and more particularly by the specific blockade of G6PD (glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase) with the 6-aminonicotinamide (6- AN) compound. Indeed, a metabolic flux analysis demonstrated that a significant proportion of glucose was directed towards the PPP. This result suggested that the addiction of leukemic cells toward glucose might be related to an increased use of PPP. I then observed that the 6-AN induced in vitro cytotoxicity including in primary AML cells from patients without effect on normal immature hematopoietic cells CD34+ and in vivo in a xenograft model of MOLM-14 cell line in the NUDE mouse. This study therefore demonstrated that the constitutive activation of mTORC1 makes AML cells survival dependent on glycolysis, and creates a specific vulnerability to the inhibition of G6PD. Given that deregulation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway is almost constant in AML, targeting G6PD may therefore represent an interesting therapeutic strategy
Tartarin, Pauline. « Rôle de la voie de signalisation AMPK/mTOR dans la fonction de reproduction ». Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4009/document.
Texte intégralIn mammals, the energy metabolism exerts a strong influence on fertility. In females as in males, either a drop or an excess of the nutritional supplies induce modulations of the hormonal synthesis as well as viable gametes production. Our objective was 1) to define the role of AMPK, the AMP-activated protein kinase, a cell sensor of the energy reserves, in male reproduction; 2) to study the involvement of mTORC1, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, another indicator of metabolism, in the cells of the central nervous system that regulate fertility. We have shown a decrease of fertility, linked to a testicular hyperandrogenia and dysfunctional spermatozoa in α1AMPK deficient mice. Moreover, in utero exposure to an AMPK activator, the metformin, induced a decrease in testicular volume and testosterone concentration (17dpc). Finally, inactivation of mTORC1 by interferent RNA in the adjacents cells of the hypothalamus tends to increase litter size, linked to a rise of FSH and the terminal folliculogenesis. In conclusion, this study confirms the role of these two complexes, energetic sensors, on the functionality of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis
Veilleux, Alain. « Rôle de la voie mTORC1/S6K1 dans la régulation de la signalisation de l'insuline dans les adipocytes ». Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24785/24785.pdf.
Texte intégralAwan, Sara. « Rôle de Wnt5a dans la fonction lysosomale, l’accumulation intracellulaire du cholestérol, et l’athérosclérose ». Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAJ022.
Texte intégralWe identified the Wnt ligand, Wnt5a, as a member of the nutrient/energy/stress sensor, mTORC1 scaffolding complex, which drives lysosomal function and promotes cholesterol trafficking. By decreasing mTORC1 activity and by activating the autophagy-lysosomal axis, Wnt5a senses changes in dietary cholesterol supply, promotes endosomal/lysosomal (LELs) cholesterol egress to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and protects against atherosclerosis. Moreover, Wnt5a binds cholesterol-rich membranes and specifically interacts with two lysosomal proteins Niemann–Pick C1 and Niemann–Pick C2 that regulate cholesterol export from LELs. Consequently, absence of Wnt5a decoupled mTORC1 from variations in LELs sterol levels, and this resulted in accumulation of large intracellular inclusion bodies, large LELs and low ER cholesterol
Jamal, Layal. « Structural and functional characterization of the lysosomal amino acid transporter PQLC2 ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASL129.
Texte intégralPQLC2, which stands for proline-glu- tamine loop repeat-containing protein 2, be- longs to a family of membrane transport pro- teins characterized by a seven-helix membrane topology and two proline-glutamine motifs. PQLC2 is localized in the lysosomal membrane of mammalian cells, and studies using recombi- nant PQLC2 expressed in Xenopus oocytes have demonstrated that PQLC2 is an uniporter that specifically transports cationic amino acids. However, its 3D atomic structure has not yet been determined. In addition to being a trans- porter, PQLC2 is also a membrane receptor. When the cell is deprived of cationic amino acids, PQLC2 recruits at the lysosome surface a complex of three proteins (called CSW): the GTPase-activating proteins C9ORF72 and SMCR8, and WDR41, the anchor between CSW and PQLC2. The CSW complex is important for normal lysosome function. In addition, congeni- tal mutations in the gene encoding C9ORF72 are directly associated with two neurodegene- rative diseases. Pull-down assays in cell extracts indicate that the interaction of a short 10 amino acid peptide motif from a protruding loop of WDR41 (WDR41-7CD loop) with PQLC2 is sufficient for lysosomal recruitment of CSW. To characterize this interaction as well as the functional role of PQLC2, we expressed mammalian PQLC2 in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and established a purification protocol of PQLC2 based on the recognition between anti-GFP nanobodies and GFP fused to PQLC2. To improve the stability of detergent-purified PQLC2, we introduced speci- fic mutations along the protein sequence using a consensus-based mutagenesis approach. Ne- gative-staining electron microscopy of deter- gent-purified PQLC2 suggests that this trans- porter assembles as a homotrimer, like other members of the same PQ-loop family of trans- porters. Finally, by electron paramagnetic re- sonance (EPR) spectroscopy, we assessed the direct interaction between PQLC2 and a peptide encoding the WDR41 loop. These experiments revealed the role of certain WDR41 loop resi- dues in the PQLC2/WDR41-7CD loop interac- tion, as well as the effect of a PQLC2 substrate
Houssaini, Amal. « La voie de signalisation Akt/mTOR : rôle physiopathologique etcible thérapeutique dans l’hypertension artérielle pulmonaire expérimentale ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST0069.
Texte intégralThe major objectives of research described in this thesis is focused on the cell signaling pathway of Akt (serine/threonine kinase Akt) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) in the patho-physiology of experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). PAH occurs as a result ofhyperplasia of the components of pulmonary vessels, principally the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PA-SMCs). Numerous previously identified biological and physical effectors act on the PA-SMCs and participate in PA-SMC hyperplasia. Here we show studied that these different effectors converge into a common intracellular signaling pathway, Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which represents actually a therapeutic target for PAH treatment, and could be involved in the hyperplasia of PA-SMCs. In cells mTOR, is presented in the form of two complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2, which phosphorylate various substrates controlling the cellular proliferation. The effectors of mTORC1 include the S6 kinases (S6K1 and S6K2) and eIF4E-binding proteins (4EBP), meanwhile mTORC2 activates the serine/threonine kinase Akt and the underlying kinases, e.g. GSK3 kinase.The first study is devoted to evaluate the effects of the protease inhibitors of HIV (ritonavir, amprenavir, nelfinavir) on experimental PAH development induced by monocrotaline or hypoxia. We studied that the two forms of PAH are associated with an activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in pulmonary arteries. The treatment by the three protease inhibitors of HIV during 3 weeks causes reversibility in experimental PAH with decreased right ventricular hypertrophy and pulmonary vascular remodeling as well as inhibition of phosphorylation of Akt, S6K and GSK3. The proliferation of PA-SMCs stimulated by PDGF or FCS 5%, which is associated with an increased p-Akt and p-GSK3, is also blocked by the proteases inhibitors, in a similar and non additive way like the specific inhibitors of PI3 kinase and GSK3. We conclude that the antiretroviral treatments significantly inhibits PAH development by inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in PA-SMCs. This proposition allows explaining the effect of antiretroviral treatments of PAH accompanied with HIV in patients.In the second study, we studied that the cultured PA-SMCs extracted from the rats with monocrotaline induced-PAH(MCT-PAH) proliferates faster as compared to control. This proliferative phenotype is observed in the presence of different mitogenic factors including FCS 5%, PDGF, 5-HT, IGF1 or IL-1β, and is associated with an activation of the substrates of mTORC1 and mTORC2. Treatment with rapamycin in the PA-SMCs extracted from the rats with PAH in vitro inhibits the proliferation and also blocks the activation of mTORC1 and mTORC2. The treatment by rapamycin in the rats with PAH during one week allows normalizing the proliferation of PA-SMCs in vitro and inhibiting the activation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 in vivo. These effects were not observed when treated with imatinib or fluoxetine. Moreover, treatment with rapamycin prevents or reverse MCT induced PAH more significantly than that by imatinib or fluoxetine.These results indicate that the activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway isclosely related to experimental PAH development, which can explain the abnormal proliferative phenotype of PA-SMCs involved in the patho-physiology of PAH, and represent a therapeutic target for the treatment of PAH in human
Rolas, Loïc. « Identification de nouveaux facteurs de régulation physiopathologique de la NADPH oxydase du neutrophile : Importance de mTOR, de la dégradation de NOX2 via l’élastase et perspectives de traitement des déficits induits au cours de la cirrhose alcoolique ». Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA11T045/document.
Texte intégralSuperoxide anion (O2-) production by NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) complex of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (i.e respiratory burst, RB) contributes to efficient elimination of pathogens. This defense function is stimulated by various pro-inflammatory agents, especially by bacterial peptides (fMLP) which trigger a signaling cascade involving many protein kinases (PKC, AKT, MAP-Kinases) resulting in activation of NOX2, also called gp91phox, the catalytic core of the complex. In this thesis, I identified the protein kinase mTOR as a novel major RB effector of healthy neutrophils and I compared its transductional activity in neutrophils from patients suffering from alcoholic decompensated liver cirrhosis, aiming at understanding their high susceptibility to bacterial infections.A major contribution of mTOR to fMLP-induced neutrophil superoxide production was demonstrated using its specific drug antagonist Rapamycin, and by an antisens strategy. mTOR is activated upstream of p38-MAPK which phosphorylates p47phox, a major component of the NADPH oxidase complex. In neutrophils from cirrhotic patients, the RB is dramatically impaired and this was associated with a deficient activation of the p38-MAPK/p47phox(S345) signaling pathway. This RB deficiency was aggravated by Rapamycin. Neutrophils from cirrhotic patients also exhibited a deficient expression of gp91phox (NOX2), p22phox, p47phox and mTOR. A deficient NOX2 expression can be reproduced by treating healthy neutrophils with fMLP or plasma from cirrhotic patients. Furthermore, this phenomenon involved an unexpected proteolytic degradation of gp91phox mediated by elastase. Finally, this deficient superoxide production by neutrophil from cirrhotic patients can be corrected ex vivo in isolated neutrophils and in patients’ whole blood, using a Toll-like receptor agonist that acts by promoting the transcription and traduction of gp91phox .In conclusion, mTOR emerges as a novel and major signaling effector of neutrophil RB, promoting the activation of p47phox/gp91phox through MAPKs. This novel signaling pathway is strongly impaired during alcoholic liver cirrhosis, which increases patients’ susceptibility to bacterial infections. Although our study raises concerns about the use of mTOR inhibitors in immunocompromised patients, it also provides therapeutic propects for correcting neutrophil functional deficiencies using agents capable of stimulating intracellular TLR
Streuli, Marie Isabelle. « Voies de signalisation et marqueur sérique de la prolifération cellulaire dans l’adénomyose ». Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCB115.
Texte intégralAdenomyosis is chronic benign uterine disease characterized by myometrial infiltration by endometrial tissue – both glands and stroma – with hypertrophy and hyperplasia of surrounding smooth muscle cells. This frequent disease occurring in reproductive age women causes invalidating symptoms such as dysmenorrhoea, abnormal uterine bleeding and infertility. Adenomyosis is frequently associated with other estrogen-dependant gynaecologic diseases such as uterine leiomyomas and endometriosis. Medical treatments are non-curative and act purely by alleviating symptoms and adenomyosis remains a major cause of hysterectomy. Physiopathological mechanisms underlying the disease are probably multifactorial and currently not fully elucidated. According to the most widely accepted theory adenomyosis originates from the basal layer of the endometrium which invaginates between smooth muscle cell bundles and/or along lymphatic vessels. Multiple factors could be implicated in triggering this invasion, amongst others resistance to progesterone, intra-lesional production of estrogens through aromatase activation, myometrial anomalies predisposing to invasion, tissue lesions induced by pregnancy, labour, uterine dysperistaltism or iatrogenic and endometrial anomalies predisposing to invasion. First, in a clinical review article, we detail current medical therapies used to alleviate adenomyosis-associated symptoms and discuss physiopathological mechanisms that could be targets for novel medical treatments. We then describe an in vitro study on the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and phosphatidylinositol three kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin/Akt (PI3K/mTOR/Akt) signalling pathways in uterine smooth muscle cells derived from women with adenomyosis and from adenomyosis-free controls. We show an increased proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells related to the in vitro activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway in women with adenomyosis compared to controls. The activation of PI3K/mTOR/Akt was not significantly different. The production of reactive oxygen species and their detoxification enzymes were not different in uterine smooth muscle cells of women with adenomyosis compared to controls suggesting a reactive oxygen species independent activation of the MAPK/ERK pathway. Our results also show that inhibitors of protein kinases and the rapanalogue temsirolimus control the in vitro proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells suggesting an implication of both MAPK/ERK and PI3K/mTOR/Akt in the proliferation of uterine smooth muscle cells in adenomyosis and leiomyomas. Finally, we studied osteopontin as a serum biomarker in a cohort of reproductive-age women undergoing surgery for benign gynaecological conditions. The presence of endometriosis was determined surgically and endometriosis lesions were confirmed histologically and classified into superficial lesions, endometriomas and deep infiltrating lesions. The presence of adenomyosis was determined by magnetic resonance imaging before surgery and women were classified according to two types of adenomyosis: diffuse adenomyosis, focal adenomyosis with or without associated diffuse lesions. Osteopontin levels were decreased in case of focal adenomyosis and deep infiltrating endometriosis compared to disease-free women and increased in superficial endometriosis compared to deep infiltrating endometriosis. Osteopontin, a secreted glycoprotein implicated in inflammation and in tumor-metastasis, is not a biomarker of disease severity in endometriosis and adenomyosis but could reflect events implicated in peritoneal dissemination of endometriosis lesions
Damjanac, Morel Milena. « Relation entre les voies de signalisation PKR et mTOR dans la maladie d'Alzheimer ». Poitiers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008POIT1403.
Texte intégralChapuis, Nicolas. « Dérégulation des voies de signalisation P13K/Akt et mTOR dans les Leucémies Aigües Myéloïdes ». Paris 7, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA077010.
Texte intégralAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorder, characterized by uncontrolled proliferation/survival of immature myeloid progenitors, blocked in their differentiation. Aberrant activation of multiple signalling pathways is frequently found in AML cells. However, a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to constitutive activation of these pathways is required to develop new targeted therapies in this disease. In this work, I investigated the implication in AML cells of both PBK/Akt and mTOR signalling pathways which are constitutively activated in respectively 50% and 100% of cases. I first demonstrated that the PBK/Akt deregulation is mostly due to an IGF1 autocrine production. I then observed that the specific inhibition of mTORCl with rapamycin induces an overactivation of PBK/Akt signalling du to the IGF-1 autocrine loop. I also demonstrated that concomitant inhibition of both PBK/Akt and mTORCl signalling pathways with compounds such as NVP-BEZ235, a dual PBK/mTOR inhibitor induce a promising anti-leukemic effect in vitro and could be use in clinical trials. Finally, I investigated the implication of FOXO proteins, which possess tumours suppressive functions. Interestingly, I observed that FOXO3a is constantly inactivated in AML cells, due to the constitutive activation of the IkB kinase. Réactivation of FOXO3a activity through IkB inactivation represents therefore another therapeutic strategy for AML. Altogether, this work clearly suggests that a better understanding of mechanisms leading to the deregulation o both PBK/Akt and mTOR pathways and their connexions is required to develop new targeted therapies in this disease