Bibliographies thématiques / Sieverts constant

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Sieverts constant »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 14 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Sieverts constant"

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Pomella Lobo, Tiago, Ester Diaz-Alvarez et Laëtitia Frances. « A Model to Simulate Gas Dissolution into/through Metals and Its Application to Deuterium in a 316L Steel Chamber with Pb-Li in a Quasi-2D Geometry ». Applied Sciences 12, no 5 (28 février 2022) : 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12052523.

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Liquid lead-lithium in eutectic proportions (Pb-Li) is a candidate material for Breeding Blankets (BBs) in future Fusion Power Plants (FPP). BB design depends on the diffusivity and Sieverts’ constant (solubility) of tritium in this alloy, but literature reports a large scattering of measurements for these values. A model was developed to address one possible source of this scattering in static experiments, i.e., non-negligible loss of hydrogen gas through steel walls of containers. This model simulates the dissolution of gases into, and their diffusion through, metallic barriers for diffusivity and Sieverts’ constant as inputs. When implemented, it can be used to compute the pressure decrease in a metallic chamber, and comparison of simulated curves with experimental ones allows for estimates of the diffusivity and Sieverts’ constant. This approach was used to estimate these coefficients for deuterium in stainless steel, using experiments performed with a 316L steel chamber from an existing facility (the Vacuum Sieve Tray setup) and simulations in a quasi-2D representation of this chamber. This validated the model, which was then used to simulate the chamber containing Pb-Li, as a means of planning for future experiments.
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Bolʼshov, L. A., S. K. Korneichuk et E. L. Bolʼshova. « Thermodynamics of nitrogen solutions in liquid nickel ». Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 64, no 3 (9 avril 2021) : 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2021-3-200-204.

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The simplest model of the structure and interatomic interaction is applied to nitrogen solutions in liquid alloys of Fe – Ni system, which earlier (2019) was used by the authors for nitrogen solutions in alloys of Fe – Cr system. The principles of statistical mechanics are used in this model. Thus, three formulas were obtained. The first formula expresses the Sieverts law constant for the solubility of nitrogen in liquid nickel through a similar constant for the solubility of nitrogen in liquid iron and the Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with nickel in low-concentration liquid iron-base alloys. The second formula expresses the partial enthalpy of dissolution of nitrogen in liquid nickel during the formation of an infinitely dilute solution through a similar value for dissolution of nitrogen in liquid iron and the Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with nickel in iron-base liquid alloys. The third formula expresses the Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with iron in low-concentration liquid nickel-base alloys through the Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with nickel in liquid iron-base alloys. The constant of the Sieverts law for the solubility of nitrogen in liquid iron at T = 1873 K is assumed to be 0.044 mass. %. The partial enthalpy of dissolution of nitrogen in liquid iron assumed to be 5.0 kJ/mol. For Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with nickel in iron-base liquid alloys at 1873 K three variants of values were studied: 2.4, 2.6, and 2.85. For the first option, theoretical value of the Sieverts law constant for solubility of nitrogen in liquid nickel at T = 1873 K, equal to 0.00195 mass. % was obtained. Theoretical value of the enthalpy of dissolution of nitrogen in liquid nickel is 52.7 kJ/mol. Theoretical value of the Wagner interaction coefficient of nitrogen with iron in nickel-base liquid alloys is –4.0. The agreement of theory with experiment seems to be satisfactory.
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Priester, F., R. Größle, N. Bekris et I. Cristescu. « A new facility for the measurement of the Sieverts’-constant for PbLi with tritium ». Fusion Engineering and Design 191 (juin 2023) : 113568. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113568.

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Bystrzycki, J., T. Czujko, R. A. Varin et Jaroslaw Mizera. « The Effect of Milling Mode on the Hydriding Properties of Nanocrystalline Mg2Ni ». Solid State Phenomena 99-100 (juillet 2004) : 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.99-100.137.

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The paper presents the results of studies of the hydrogen sorption properties of nanocrystalline Mg2Ni intermetallic prepared by mechanical (ball) milling under controlled shearing/impact mode. The pre-alloyed intermetallic powders were subjected to ball milling under various controlled milling conditions such as shearing, high-energy shearing and impact in a magnetic Uni-Ball-Mill 5. The hydriding properties were evaluated by monitoring the absorption PC isotherms by the conventional constant-volume method using Sieverts semi-automatic apparatus. Changes of structure during processing and hydriding properties of nanostructured Mg2Ni intermetallic powders are shown and discussed.
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Lim, Jun, Manfredi Gabriele, Alessandro Marino, Kristof Gladinez et Alexander Aerts. « Electrochemical Measurement of Sieverts’ Constant and Solubility of Oxygen in LBE at 598–748 K ». Journal of The Electrochemical Society 164, no 12 (2017) : H743—H747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/2.0231712jes.

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Bol’shov, L. A., et S. K. Korneichuk. « THERMODYNAMICS OF LIQUID NITROGEN SOLUTIONS IN CHROMIUM ». Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 62, no 5 (19 juin 2019) : 387–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2019-5-387-393.

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A simple theory of thermodynamic properties of liquid nitrogen solutions in Fe – Cr alloys is proposed based on lattice model of the considered solutions. The model assumes a FCC lattice. In the sites of this lattice are the atoms of Fe and Cr. Nitrogen atoms are located in octahedral interstices. The nitrogen atom interacts only with the metal atoms located in the lattice sites neighboring to it. It is assumed that the energy of this interaction depends neither on the composition nor on the temperature. It is supposed that the solution in the Fe – Cr system is perfect. Within the framework of the proposed theory, a relation is obtained that expresses the value of the Sieverts law constant for solubility of N in liquid Cr through the similar constant for the solubility of N in liquid Fe and the Wagner N – Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. A relation is also obtained to express the partial enthalpy of nitrogen dissolution in liquid Cr through the similar quantity for N in liquid Fe and Wagner N – Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. A formula is deduced that establishes a connection between the Wagner N – Fe interaction coefficient in liquid Cr and N-Cr interaction coefficient in liquid Fe. Using the formulas obtained, value of the Sieverts law constant for the solubility of nitrogen in liquid Cr, the enthalpy of dissolution of N in liquid Cr and value of the Wagner N – Fe interaction coefficient in liquid Cr extrapolated to a temperature of 1873 K are calculated. The calculation results are compared with results of the experimental study of nitrogen solubility in liquid Cr carried out by different researchers using different methods. The theory results are in the best agreement with experimental data obtained by the sampling method. Values of the Wagner N – N interaction coefficient in liquid Cr and liquid Fe are discussed.
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Esteban, G. A., A. Perujo et F. Legarda. « Study of the Isotope Effects in the Hydrogen Transport in Polycrystalline Tungsten ». Materials Science Forum 480-481 (mars 2005) : 537–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.537.

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A time-dependent gas-phase isovolumetric desorption technique has been used to evaluate the diffusive transport parameters of hydrogen isotopes in polycrystalline tungsten in the temperatures range 673 to 1073 K and driving pressures from 1.3 104 to 105 Pa. Experiments have been run with both protium and deuterium obtaining their respective transport parameters diffusivity (D), Sieverts’ constant (Ks), the trap site density (Nt) and the trapping activation energy (Et). Isotope effects on these transport parameters are analysed and modelled. Because the classical isotope relation for diffusivity has not been fulfilled, quantum-statistical vibration theory has been applied to model the isotopic relation. A congruent isotopic variation of diffusion parameters related to the type of microstructure, bcc, has been confirmed.
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Suzuki, Asuka, et Hiroshi Yukawa. « A Review for Consistent Analysis of Hydrogen Permeability through Dense Metallic Membranes ». Membranes 10, no 6 (10 juin 2020) : 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes10060120.

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The hydrogen permeation coefficient (ϕ) is generally used as a measure to show hydrogen permeation ability through dense metallic membranes, which is the product of the Fick’s diffusion coefficient (D) and the Sieverts’ solubility constant (K). However, the hydrogen permeability of metal membranes cannot be analyzed consistently with this conventional description. In this paper, various methods for consistent analysis of hydrogen permeability are reviewed. The derivations of the descriptions are explained in detail and four applications of the consistent descriptions of hydrogen permeability are introduced: (1) prediction of hydrogen flux under given conditions, (2) comparability of hydrogen permeability, (3) understanding of the anomalous temperature dependence of hydrogen permeability of Pd-Ag alloy membrane, and (4) design of alloy composition of non-Pd-based alloy membranes to satisfy both high hydrogen permeability together with strong resistance to hydrogen embrittlement.
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von der Weth, Axel, Frederik Arbeiter, Dmitry Klimenko, Volker Pasler et Georg Schlindwein. « Permeation Data Analysis Considering a Nonzero Hydrogen Concentration on the Low Pressure Detector Side for a Purged Permeation Experiment ». Defect and Diffusion Forum 391 (février 2019) : 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.391.18.

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Currently available diffusion constant and Sieverts constant experimental results are based on time dependent permeation experiments. The common principle is an analysis which is expecting that the permeating hydrogen is “transported” from the retentate chamber to the permeate chamber through the connecting membrane, with a vanishing hydrogen partial pressure on the permeate side. But reality shows a different behaviour caused by the fact that a nonzero hydrogen partial pressure in the permeate chamber is necessary for detection purposes. This nonzero pressure is mostly not considered by analysis. This issue is solved (approximatively) numerically by the procedure as described in this paper. This work is rooted in the field of fusion research, where so called purge gas with low partial pressure of tritium is contacting the structural materials (300-550°C) of the fusion reactor (blanket) and of process equipment, where the tritium losses are of interest. The developed algorithms are intended for the evaluation of an experiment termed “Q-PETE” (Q for any hydrogen isotope, PEermeation Transport Experiment), which abstracts the hydrogen transport conditions of the fusion blanket, and where the effect of nonzero hydrogen concentration on the permeate side is relevant. The algorithms are useful for all experiments, where the ratio of hydrogen pressures between retentate and peremeate side are far from infinite.
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von der Weth, Axel, Frederik Arbeiter, Kaori Nagatou, Volker Pasler, Dmitri Klimenko et Marvin Schulz. « Numerical Analysis of an Isovolumetric Thermal Desorption Experiment ». Diffusion Foundations 27 (mai 2020) : 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/df.27.122.

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Our research group is currently investigating a new kind of thermal desorption experiment (TDE), which uses a hydrogen isotope by loading-unloading process yielding transport parameters. Safety issues are limiting the hydrogen loading content to 3 % at 105 Pa, while former experiments are using pure hydrogen for the loading process at nearly same pressure e. g. [1]. Especially the thermal elongation coefficient (TDE operating conditions 300° to 500 °C compatibility to stainless steel) forces to think about an alternative material of boron silicate glass for specimen containment, in this paper copper will be discussed. The analysis of TDE concerns the amount of hydrogen stored in the specimen, stored in the time variable gas phase as well as stored in the containment material. These three phases are coupled by phase equilibrium. The here developed analysis procedure can currently only be performed numerically for a two dimensional geometry. However a two dimensional analytical solution regarding the same boundary condition is currently under investigation. One part of the solution results of this problem can be compared to an additional analytical solution with simpler boundary conditions, e.g. a vanishing hydrogen amount inside the specimen containment observed in steady state. The numerical results will be used to check the suitability of several experimental scenarios, for example the usability of a copper based specimen containment. The approach currently practiced in many experiments is to simply subtract the zero rate of hydrogen without considering the phase equilibrium between the three mentioned phases. The main goal of this analysis procedure consists in the solution of the inverse problem, namely the extraction of the transport parameters like Sieverts ́-and diffusion-constant from a measured time dependent desorption pressure increase.
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Thèses sur le sujet "Sieverts constant"

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Trommer, Constanze [Verfasser], et Hans-H. [Gutachter] Sievers. « Analyse der früh- und mittelfristigen Ergebnisse nach Aortenklappenrekonstruktion (Reimplantationstechnik nach David) sowie deren potentieller Einflussfaktoren / Constanze Trommer ; Gutachter : Hans-H. Sievers ». Leipzig : Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1238601812/34.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "Sieverts constant"

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Murakami, Kota, Nobuaki Yabe, Hiroshi Suzuki, Kenichi Takai, Yukito Hagihara et Yoru Wada. « Substitution of High-Pressure Charge by Electrolysis Charge and Hydrogen Environment Embrittlement Susceptibilities for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L ». Dans ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93397.

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Hydrogen-fuel-cell vehicles have been developed and the gaseous pressure in the current major storage tanks of the vehicles varies from 35 to 70 MPa because of the demand for the increase in running distance. Hydrogen refueling stations are required to be resistant to 100 MPa hydrogen gas and the alloys used for such stations are required to have an excellent resistance to hydrogen environment embrittlement (HEE). The purposes of the present study are to substitute the high-pressure gaseous charge of hydrogen by electrolysis charge and to evaluate hydrogen degradation susceptibilities for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L in the environments substituted by electrolysis charge. Electrolysis hydrogen was charged to Inconel 625 and SUS 316L at various electrolysis fugacities and gaseous hydrogen was charged from 0.3 to 45 MPa hydrogen gas at 90°C. Hydrogen states and contents were compared using thermal desorption analysis (TDA). Hydrogen degradation susceptibilities were evaluated using the slow strain rate technique (SSRT) at a constant extension rate of 8.6×10−6 /s at room temperature. The fundamental properties of thermal hydrogen desorption for Inconel 625 and SUS 316L were first analyzed to compare the hydrogen states after hydrogen charge by electrolysis and high pressure. The peak temperatures and profiles of hydrogen desorption do not change with charging temperature. When hydrogen is charged by electrolysis and high pressure until hydrogen saturation at 90°C, the peak temperatures and profiles are the same in both environments. This means that hydrogen diffusion during and hydrogen states after hydrogen absorption are independent of charging method in spite of the differences in adsorption and dissociation reaction on the specimen surfaces. Using Sieverts law, the fugacity of electrolysis can transform into gaseous pressure. This indicates that high-pressure hydrogen environments in pipes or other components at hydrogen refueling stations can be substituted by electrolysis charge. Fracture strain in Inconel 625 decreases as hydrogen content charged by electrolysis increases, whereas that in SUS 316L does not change regardless of the hydrogen content of 161.5 mass ppm. Grain boundary fracture is observed on the surface of Inconel 625 absorbing a hydrogen content of 27.5 mass ppm, which corresponds to 59.2 MPa hydrogen gas at R.T using Sieverts law. In contrast, the fracture surfaces of SUS 316L hydrogen-charged at extremely high fugacities remain ductile dimples. Thus, hydrogen degradation susceptibility is much lower for SUS 316L than for Inconel 625.
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Cheu, Darrell, Thomas Adams et Shripad Revankar. « Hydrogen Loading System for Thin Films for Betavoltaics ». Dans 2022 29th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone29-93910.

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Abstract Betavoltaics are direct conversion energy devices that are ideal for low, micropower and long-lasting, uninterruptable applications. Betavoltaics operate similarly to photovoltaics where a radioisotope irradiates beta particles into a semiconductor p-n junction that converts the kinetic energy into electrical energy. Betavoltaics are limited by their power output from the radioiso-tope. The source density can be increased by the selection of solid-state substrates. While solid-state substrates can be selected from simulations, the viability of the substrate to absorb tritium has to evaluated. The development of a hydrogen loading system was performed to evaluate different film types to understand how they perform during the hydrogen/tritium loading process. The hydrogen loading system utilizes the Sievert method, where the initial pressure and volume is constant and pressure drop in the system is used to determine hydrogen uptake of a film substrate. The procedures of the hydrogen loading system are detailed. To test the procedures of the hydrogen loading system, old, palladium films were loaded. Results show uptake of hydrogen by the thin palladium films, as well as cycles of hydrogen absorption and desorption. Hydrogen loading of palladium was compared to a prior result and was shown to have similar results.
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