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1
Núñez-Méndez, Eva. « Variation in Spanish /s/ : Overview and New Perspectives ». Languages 7, no 2 (29 mars 2022) : 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020077.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The natural tendency for language variation, intensified by Spanish’s territorial growth, has driven sibilant changes and mergers across the Spanish-speaking world. This article aims to present an overview of the most significant processes undergone by sibilant /s/ in various Spanish-speaking areas: devoicing, weakening, aspiration, elision, and voicing. Geographically based phonetic variations, sociolinguistic factors, and Spanish language contact situations are considered in this study. The sibilant merger and its chronological development in modern Spanish, along with geographic expansion, have resulted in multiple contemporary dialectal variations. This historical lack of stability in these sounds has marked modern regional variations. Tracing and framing the sibilants’ geo-linguistic features has received much attention from scholars, resulting in sibilants being one of the most studied variables in Spanish phonetics. In this article, we provide a concise approach that offers the reader an updated sociolinguistic view of the modern cross-dialectal realizations of /s/. It is essential to study sibilant development to describe Spanish dialects, the differences between Transatlantic and Castilian varieties, and the speech features found in Spanish speaking communities in the Americas. Examining sibilance from different approaches with a representative variety of Spanish dialects as examples advances the importance of sociolinguistic phenomena to index language changes.
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Perkell, Joseph S., Melanie L. Matthies, Mark Tiede, Harlan Lane, Majid Zandipour, Nicole Marrone, Ellen Stockmann et Frank H. Guenther. « The Distinctness of Speakers' /s/—/∫/ Contrast Is Related to Their Auditory Discrimination and Use of an Articulatory Saturation Effect ». Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47, no 6 (décembre 2004) : 1259–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/095).
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study examines individual differences in producing the sibilant contrast in American English and the relation of those differences to 2 speaker characteristics: (a) use of a quantal biomechanical effect (called a "saturation effect") in producing the sibilants and (b) performance on a test of sibilant discrimination. Twenty participants produced the sibilants /s/ and /∫/ in normal-, clear-, and fast-speaking conditions. The degree to which the participants used a saturation effect in producing /s/ and /∫/ was assessed with a custom-made sensor that measured contact of the underside of the tongue tip with the lower alveolar ridge; such contact normally occurs during the production of /s/ but not /∫/. The acuteness of the participants' discrimination of the sibilant contrast was measured using the ABX paradigm and synthesized sibilants. Differences among speakers in the degree of acoustic contrast between /s/ and /∫/ that they produced proved related to differences among them in their use of contact contrastively and in their discriminative performance. The most distinct sibilant productions were obtained from participants who used contact in producing /s/ but not /∫/ and who had high discrimination scores. The participants who did not use contact differentially when producing the 2 sibilants and who also discriminated the synthetic sibilants less well produced the least distinct sibilant contrasts. Intermediate degrees of sibilant contrast were found with participants who used contact differentially or discriminated well. These findings are compatible with a model of speech motor planning in which goals for phonemic speech movements are in somatosensory and auditory spaces.
3
Reilly, Kevin J. « Vowel and Sibilant Production in Noise : Effects of Noise Frequency and Phonological Similarity ». Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no 4 (27 avril 2020) : 1002–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00345.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Purpose This study investigated vowel and sibilant productions in noise to determine whether responses to noise (a) are sensitive to the spectral characteristics of the noise signal and (b) are modulated by the contribution of vowel or sibilant contrasts to word discrimination. Method Vowel and sibilant productions were elicited during serial recall of three-word sequences that were produced in quiet or during exposure to speaker-specific noise signals. These signals either masked a speaker's productions of the sibilants /s/ and /ʃ/ or their productions of the vowels /a/ and /æ/. The contribution of the vowel and sibilant contrasts to word discrimination in a sequence was manipulated by varying the number of times that the target sibilant and vowel pairs occurred in the same word position in each sequence. Results Spectral noise effects were observed for both sibilants and vowels: Responses to noise were larger and/or involved to more acoustic features when the noise signal masked the acoustic characteristics of that phoneme class. Word discrimination effects were limited and consisted of only small increases in vowel duration. Interaction effects between noise and similarity indicated that the phonological similarity of sequences containing both sibilants and/or both vowels influenced articulation in ways not related to speech clarity. Conclusion The findings of this study indicate that sensorimotor control of speech exhibits some sensitivity to noise spectral characteristics. However, productions of sibilants and vowels were not sensitive to their importance in discriminating the words in a sequence. In addition, phonological similarity effects were observed that likely reflected processing demands related to the recall and sequencing of high-similarity words.
4
Zygis, Marzena. « Phonetic and phonological aspects of Slavic sibilant fricatives ». ZAS Papers in Linguistics 32 (1 janvier 2003) : 175–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.32.2003.191.
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In this artiele I reanalyze sibilant inventories of Slavic languages by taking into consideration acoustic. perceptive and phonological evidence. The main goal of this study is to show that perception is an important factor which determines the shape of sibilant inventories. The improvement of perceptual contrast essentially contributes to creating new sibilant inventories by (i) changing the place of articulation of the existing phonemes (ii) merging sibilants that are perceptually very close or (iii) deleting them.
It has also been shown that the symbol s traditionally used in Slavic linguistics corresponds to two sounds in the IP A system: it stands for a postalveolar sibilant (ʃ) in some Slavic languages, as e.g. Bulagarian, Czech, Slovak, some Serbian and Croatian dialects, whereas in others like Polish, Russian, Lower Sorbian it functions as a retroflex (ʂ). This discrepancy is motivated by the fact that ʃ is not optimal in terms of maintaining sufficient perceptual contrast to other sibilants such as s and ɕ. If ʃ occurs together with s (and sʲ) there is a considerable perceptual distance between them but if it occurs with ɕ in an inventory, the distance is much smaller. Therefore, the strategy most languages follow is the change from a postalveolar to a retroflex sibilant.
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Lyskawa, Paulina, et Rodrigo Ranero. « Sibilant harmony in Santiago Tz’utujil (Mayan) ». Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 6, no 1 (20 mars 2021) : 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v6i1.4968.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We analyze sibilant harmony in the Santiago Atitlán dialect of Tz’utujil (Mayan), a phenomenon that was briefly described by Dayley (1985). Novel data show that the obligatory harmony process (i) is asymmetrical (triggered only by [+ant] sibilants), (ii) progressive, and (iii) applies long-distance. Furthermore, we argue that the process is not stem-controlled. In contextualizing the phenomenon within the typology of sibilant harmony (Hansson 2010), we conclude that it is unique. Finally, we suggest that Santiago Tz’utujil sibilant harmony has been stable diachronically because the target segment /ʃ/ is always in the stressed syllable, thus being salient in the input during acquisition.
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Rost Bagudanch, Assumpció. « More on Sibilant Devoicing in Spanish Diachrony : An Initial Phonetic Approach ». Languages 7, no 1 (30 janvier 2022) : 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7010027.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The devoicing of sibilants took place in Early Modern Spanish, a phenomenon which has been considered problematic to account for due to its occurrence context (medial intervocalic position). Traditional explanations invoked Basque influence or a structural reorganization in search for a more balanced system. However, phonetically based reasons were proposed by some scholars. This research is a preliminary attempt to support these proposals with experimental data from a comparative grammar perspective. The Catalan sibilant system, which is very similar to the Medieval Spanish one, is acoustically and perceptively studied in order to investigate the acoustic cues of voicing and to determine if devoicing is possible. Results indicate that (a) voicing relies mainly in the proportion of unvoiced frames of the segments, on its duration, and, to a lesser extent, on its intensity; (b) sibilant devoicing occurs in all voiced categories; (c) auditorily, confusion between voiced and voiceless segments can be attested for every sibilant pair, and (d) the misparsings are more common in affricate and in palatal sibilants, [d͡ʒ] being the most prone to be labelled as unvoiced. These findings prove that the historical process in Spanish could have a phonetic basis.
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Bennett, Wm G., et Douglas Pulleyblank. « Directionality in Nkore-Kiga Sibilant Harmony : Arbitrary or Emergent ? » Linguistic Inquiry 49, no 1 (janvier 2018) : 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/ling_a_00264.
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Sibilant harmony in Nkore-Kiga is an interesting problem case for agreement-based theories of harmony, particularly Agreement by Correspondence. Previous work reports that anteriority agreement is controlled by the rightmost sibilant in the stem, and also that the quality of a sibilant is allophonically determined by the following vowel. In such a system, it is impossible for surface-oriented agreement constraints to derive strictly right-to-left harmony. However, we show that Nkore-Kiga does not work in quite this way: sibilants are conditioned not allophonically, but by morphology. This allows the facts of this case to be explained within existing Agreement by Correspondence proposals.
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Ikeda, Elissa, et Sigrid Lew. « The case for alveolar fricative rhotics with evidence from Nusu ». Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 40, no 1 (3 novembre 2017) : 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ltba.40.1.01ike.
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Abstract Cross-linguistically, fricatives are the rarest types of rhotics, found in a few African and European languages (Ladefoged & Maddieson 1996) and as allophones in some Romance languages (Jesus & Shadle 2005; Recasens 2002; Bradley 2006; Colantoni 2006). Acoustic data from Nusu, phonotactic reasoning, and a cognate comparison demonstrate the presence of alveolar fricative rhotics in Tibeto-Burman. The Nusu rhotic appears in syllable-initial position as the first or second consonant and can be realized as alveolar approximants [ɹ] or [ɹʲ], non-sibilant voiced and voiceless fricatives [ɹ̝, ɹ̥], as well as voiced sibilant [ʐ]. In other studies on Nusu, these fricative rhotics have sometimes been reported as retroflex voiced sibilants (Sun & Lu 1986; Fu 1991), but intra-speaker and cross-variety comparison point to classification as rhotics. Evidence from other Tibeto-Burman languages suggests that alveolar fricative rhotics are not limited to Nusu. Together these data challenge the tradition of generally interpreting alveolar fricatives as sibilants.
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Rial Montes, Tamara. « sibilantes en Zas : análise dun cambio en proceso ». Cadernos de Lingua, no 36 (2 août 2018) : 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32766/cdl.36.1.
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O estudo dos sistemas de sibilantes do galego foi e segue a ser un dos puntos de maior interese para a lingüística galega por constituíren un terreo de profunda inestabilidade e pola dificultade da súa descrición. Neste artigo analízase, dende o enfoque da fonética acústica, o sistema de sibilantes de catro mulleres da localidade de Zas pertencentes a dous grupos de idade diferentes. Desta análise derívase que as mulleres de maior idade presentan un sistema dunha sibilante única, de realización apicoalveolar. Pola contra, no caso das mulleres máis novas, obsérvase un sistema non descrito anteriormente, formado por dúas unidades: a fricativa interdental xorda /θ/ e a sibilante apicoalveolar /s̺/, no que se mantén a despalatalización do /ʃ/ sen se tratar dunha fala seseante.
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Jiménez Bernales, Renzo Adrián, Myluz Danithza Cano Anchorena, Patricia Rosa Emilia Chávez Ortiz et Samuel Elías Arenas Girón. « El ensordecimiento de las fricativas sibilantes del polaco : el caso de una hablante de Gdynia ». Lengua y Sociedad 21, no 2 (5 décembre 2022) : 515–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15381/lengsoc.v21i2.22449.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En el presente estudio, se analiza el ensordecimiento de las sibilantes /z/, /ʑ/ y /ʐ/ de una hablante nativa del polaco de la localidad de Gdynia. En el análisis fonológico, hemos seguido el modelo lineal, propuesto por Chomsky y Halle (1979), y el modelo autosegmental jerárquico de Nuñez-Cedeño (2014), ambos pertenecientes a la fonología generativa. Los resultados muestran que el ensordecimiento de sibilantes alveolares, alveopalatales y retroflejas ocurre en a) posición implosiva, seguidas por una obstruyente sorda, y b) a final de palabra. Asimismo, se encontró el proceso de ensordecimiento de la sibilante retrofleja /ʐ/ cuando esta es antecedida por una oclusiva sorda. Por otro lado, el análisis da cuenta de una condición en la que la secuencia de sibilante sonora final seguida de una oclusiva sonora sería necesaria para la conservación de la sonoridad. Finalmente, explicaremos los procesos observados mediante la formulación de tres reglas fonológicas.
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Tetzloff, Katerina A. « Exceptionality in Spanish Onset Clusters ». Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics 9, no 1 (6 mai 2020) : 245–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/1.9.1.5321.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Spanish complex onsets have been traditionally described as consisting of a stop (/p, t, k, b, d, g/) or the fricative /f/ plus a liquid. Given that all Spanish varieties have other fricatives (/x, s/), the obstruents that can form part of an onset cluster do not straightforwardly compose a natural class. As such, past studies have argued that /f/ is exceptional in its ability as a fricative to pattern with stops in onset clusters. This paper presents empirical data from a nonce word judgment task that challenges this claim and shows that Spanish listeners rate unattested /xr/ clusters as more acceptable than ungrammatical /sr/ clusters. These results suggest that /s/, and not /f/, is exceptional in its inability to form complex onsets in Spanish. As /s/ is the sole sibilant in the Spanish consonant inventory and is uniquely characterized by the feature [strident], this generalization is easily capturable in an Optimality Theory framework. This analysis further predicts that other non-sibilant fricatives should also be acceptable in onset cluster position, such as /θ/, which is supported by data from a follow-up study with speakers of Peninsular Spanish who have this phoneme in their dialect. This analysis also predicts that other sibilants should be unacceptable in onset clusters. This is supported by data from the related languages Portuguese and Catalan that have other sibilant phonemes (/z, ʃ, ʒ/)yet also have similar onset cluster phonotactics as Spanish in that they disallow all sibilants from being in an onset cluster.
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Pouplier, Marianne, Philip Hoole et James M. Scobbie. « Investigating the asymmetry of English sibilant assimilation : Acoustic and EPG data ». Laboratory Phonology 2, no 1 (1 janvier 2011) : 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/labphon.2011.001.
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AbstractWe present tongue-palate contact (EPG) and acoustic data on English sibilant assimilation, with a particular focus on the asymmetry arising from the order of the sibilants. It is generally known that /s#ʃ/ sequences may display varying degrees of regressive assimilation in fluent speech, yet for /ʃ#s/ it is widely assumed that no assimilation takes place, although the empirical content of this assumption has rarely been investigated nor a clear theoretical explanation proposed. We systematically compare the two sibilant orders in word-boundary clusters. Our data show that /s#ʃ/ sequences assimilate frequently and this assimilation is strictly regressive. The assimilated sequence may be indistinguishable from a homorganic control sequence by our measures, or it can be characterized by measurement values intermediate to those typical for /ʃ/ or /s/. /ʃ#s/ sequences may also show regressive assimilation, albeit less frequently and to a lesser degree. Assimilated /ʃ#s/ sequences are always distinguishable from /s#s/ sequences. In a few cases, we identify progressive assimilation for /ʃ#s/. We discuss how to account for the differences in degree of assimilation, and we propose that the order asymmetry may arise from the different articulatory control structures employed for the two sibilants in conjunction with phonotactic probability effects.
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Fletcher, Samuel G. « Palatometric Specification of Stop, Affricate, and Sibilant Sounds ». Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 32, no 4 (décembre 1989) : 736–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3204.736.
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This investigation used palatometry to study stops, sibilants, and affricates in CV syllables (C = t,d,k,g,t∫,d; V = i,) spoken by nine normal 6- to 14-year-old children. The measures focused on place, manner, timing, and area of linguapalatal contact. Similarities and differences between the sound classes, actions across segments of the articulatory gestures, and age effects were identified and described. The affricates were observed to have stop and sibilant portions demarcated by a partial plateau in the linguapalatal contact releasing gesture. The sibilant portion was formed in the same place and with the same groove dimensions as /∫,/. The older subjects reached initial articulatory positions faster, produced the consonant sounds more quickly, generated vowels with shorter durations, and articulated more posteriorly than did younger ones.
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Chiu, Chenhao, Po-Chun Wei, Masaki Noguchi et Noriko Yamane. « Sibilant Fricative Merging in Taiwan Mandarin : An Investigation of Tongue Postures using Ultrasound Imaging ». Language and Speech 63, no 4 (30 décembre 2019) : 877–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830919896386.
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In Taiwan Mandarin, retroflex [ʂ] is allegedly merging with dental [s], reducing the traditional three-way contrast between sibilant fricatives (i.e., dental [s]–retroflex [ʂ]–alveopalatal [ɕ]) to a two-way contrast. Most of the literature on the observed merging focuses on the acoustic properties and perceptual identification of the sibilants, whereas much less attention has been drawn to the articulatory evidence accounting for the aforementioned sibilant merging. The current study employed ultrasound imaging techniques to uncover the tongue postures for the three sibilant fricatives [s, ʂ, ɕ] in Taiwan Mandarin occurring before vowels [a], [ɨ], and [o]. Results revealed varying classes of the [s–ʂ] merger: complete merging ( overlap), no merging ( non-overlap), and context-dependent merging ( context-dependent overlap, which only occurred before [a]). The observed [s–ʂ] merger was also confirmed by the perceptual identification by trained phoneticians. Center of gravity (CoG), a reliable spectral moment of identifying different sibilant fricatives, was also measured to reflect the articulatory–acoustic correspondence. Results showed that the [s–ʂ] merger varies across speakers and may also be conditioned by vowel contexts and that articulatory mergers may not be entirely reflected in CoG values, suggesting that auxiliary articulatory gestures may be employed to maintain the acoustic contrast.
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Yu, Alan Chi Lun, et Carol Kit Sum To. « Atypical context-dependent speech processing in autism ». Applied Psycholinguistics 41, no 5 (11 août 2020) : 1045–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716420000387.
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AbstractThe ability to take contextual information into account is essential for successful speech processing. This study examines individuals with high-functioning autism and those without in terms of how they adjust their perceptual expectation while discriminating speech sounds in different phonological contexts. Listeners were asked to discriminate pairs of sibilant-vowel monosyllables. Typically, discriminability of sibilants increases when the sibilants are embedded in perceptually enhancing contexts (if the appropriate context-specific perceptual adjustment were performed) and decreases in perceptually diminishing contexts. This study found a reduction in the differences in perceptual response across enhancing and diminishing contexts among high-functioning autistic individuals relative to the neurotypical controls. The reduction in perceptual expectation adjustment is consistent with an increase in autonomy in low-level perceptual processing in autism and a reduction in the influence of top-down information from surrounding information.
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Mackenzie, Ian. « The Genesis of Spanish /θ/ : A Revised Model ». Languages 7, no 3 (22 juillet 2022) : 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7030191.
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This article proposes a revised model of the genesis of Castilian Spanish /θ/, based on (i) precise tracking across the Late Middle Ages of the orthographical d → z change in preconsonantal coda position and (ii) the potential for auditory indeterminacy between denti-alveolar variants of [s] and the non-sibilant [θ]. According to the findings, two non-sibilant phonemes, /θ/ and /ð/, are likely to have come into existence by the early 1500s, merger at the expense of /ð/ occurring shortly thereafter. This effectively inverts the normally assumed chronology, according to which devoicing preceded and indeed was implicated in the genesis of /θ/. The revised chronology weakens the teleological analysis of /θ/, which treats its genesis in terms of a functionally motivated widening of the articulatory distance between similar-sounding sibilants. Instead, the emergence of Castilian /θ/ is argued to be a natural reflex of the auditory permeability between the denti-alveolar type of [s] and the non-sibilant [θ], with analogous evolutions occurring outside the domain of Castilian Spanish. As part of this overall approach, the article assumes dissibilation (understood as the converse of assibilation) to be the fundamental process in the genesis of /θ/, rather than interdentalization.
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Elfahm, Youssef, Nesrine Abajaddi, Badia Mounir, Laila Elmaazouzi, Ilham Mounir et Abdelmajid Farchi. « Classification of Arabic fricative consonants according to their places of articulation ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no 1 (1 février 2022) : 936. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i1.pp936-945.
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<span>Many technology systems have used voice recognition applications to transcribe a speaker’s speech into text that can be used by these systems. One of the most complex tasks in speech identification is to know, which acoustic cues will be used to classify sounds. This study presents an approach for characterizing Arabic fricative consonants in two groups (sibilant and non-sibilant). From an acoustic point of view, our approach is based on the analysis of the energy distribution, in frequency bands, in a syllable of the consonant-vowel type. From a practical point of view, our technique has been implemented, in the MATLAB software, and tested on a corpus built in our laboratory. The results obtained show that the percentage energy distribution in a speech signal is a very powerful parameter in the classification of Arabic fricatives. We obtained an accuracy of 92% for non-sibilant consonants /f, χ, ɣ, ʕ, ћ, and h/, 84% for sibilants /s, sҁ, z, Ӡ and ∫/, and 89% for the whole classification rate. In comparison to other algorithms based on neural networks and support vector machines (SVM), our classification system was able to provide a higher classification rate.</span>
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Kopečková, Romana, Christine Dimroth et Ulrike Gut. « Children’s and adults’ initial phonological acquisition of a foreign language ». Journal of Second Language Pronunciation 5, no 3 (25 novembre 2019) : 374–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jslp.18033.kop.
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Abstract This study compared children’s and adults’ L2 perception and production in the first hours of exposure to a foreign language. A total of 10 German children and 19 German adults performed a phoneme discrimination task and a sentence imitation task in Polish at two testing times. Exposed to a comparable input, the adult learners were found to perceive Polish sibilant contrasts more accurately than their child counterparts and to maintain this advantage over a two-week-long instruction. However, the two groups did not differ in their developing ability to produce the tested sibilants. A great deal of inter- and intra-individual differences in both learner groups was also attested. Our findings suggest that young L2 instructed learners are not necessarily better and/or faster perceivers and producers of novel language sounds than adult L2 instructed learners, who are able to discriminate a range of novel sibilant pairs even after very limited L2 exposure.
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Lee-Kim, Sang-Im. « Revisiting Mandarin ‘apical vowels’ : An articulatory and acoustic study ». Journal of the International Phonetic Association 44, no 3 (25 novembre 2014) : 261–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100314000267.
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The present study investigates the articulatory and acoustic properties of the unique apical segments in Mandarin Chinese that occur after dental and retroflex sibilants instead of the high front vowel [i]. An ultrasound study showed that the segments are homorganic with the preceding dental and retroflex sibilants. However, an acoustic study showed that they have a periodic waveform and clear formant structures with no inherent frication noise, indicating that they are not ‘voiced fricatives’. The results also suggest that the observed F2 pattern can only be explained with an acoustic model of a sonorant consonant, wherein F2 is attributed to the cavity behind the apical constriction. Based on this, it is argued that the segments can be best seen as ‘dental approximant []’ and ‘retroflex approximant [ɻ]’. A phonological implication of the pattern is also discussed: the co-occurrence restriction with the high front vowel eliminates a potential chance of palatalization of the dental and retroflex sibilants that may lead to neutralization of the place contrast. The tongue front gesture in the following approximants seems to provide an additional cue to the place of the preceding consonants; the low F3 of [ɻ], for example, enhances cues to the place of the preceding retroflex sibilant.
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Bukmaier, Véronique, et Jonathan Harrington. « The articulatory and acoustic characteristics of Polish sibilants and their consequences for diachronic change ». Journal of the International Phonetic Association 46, no 3 (28 mars 2016) : 311–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100316000062.
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The study is concerned with the relative synchronic stability of three contrastive sibilant fricatives /sʂ ɕ/ in Polish. Tongue movement data were collected from nine first-language Polish speakers producing symmetrical real and non-word CVCV sequences in three vowel contexts. A Gaussian model was used to classify the sibilants from spectral information in the noise and from formant frequencies at vowel onset. The physiological analysis showed an almost complete separation between /sʂ ɕ/ on tongue-tip parameters. The acoustic analysis showed that the greater energy at higher frequencies distinguished /s/ in the fricative noise from the other two sibilant categories. The most salient information at vowel onset was for /ɕ/, which also had a strong palatalizing effect on the following vowel. Whereas either the noise or vowel onset was largely sufficient for the identification of /sɕ/ respectively, both sets of cues were necessary to separate /ʂ/ from /sɕ/. The greater synchronic instability of /ʂ/ may derive from its high articulatory complexity coupled with its comparatively low acoustic salience. The data also suggest that the relatively late stage of /ʂ/ acquisition by children may come about because of the weak acoustic information in the vowel for its distinction from /s/.
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DeLisi, Jessica. « Sonority Sequencing Violations and Prosodic Structure in Latin and Other Indo-European Languages ». Indo-European Linguistics 3, no 1 (2015) : 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22125892-00301007.
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Attention has been paid of late to syllable structure in ancient Indo-European languages, e.g. Sanskrit (Kobayashi, 2004), Latin (Marotta, 1999), Greek (Zukoff, 2012), Anatolian (Kavitskaya, 2001), and general Indo-European (Byrd, 2010; Keydana, 2012). There is little agreement in the field about some of the more difficult cases, most of which involve both word-initial and medial clusters that violate the Sonority Sequencing Principle (SSP), particularly sibilant-stop clusters. Because sibilants are more sonorous than stops, [STV-] σ onsets to roots such as *steh2- require special consideration. I will argue that there are three types of evidence we can and should employ in attempting to diagnose syllable structure in ancient languages: metrical, phonological, and morphological. I will apply all three to Latin forms, showing that in Pre-Literary Latin, sibilant-stop clusters formed true onsets, as Byrd (2010) has argued for Proto-Indo-European, but that by the Classical period these SSP-violating clusters were no longer licensed as onsets. In such sequences, Classical Latin allowed only [t] in the onset, while the [s] formed a coda in medial position and was housed extraprosodically in word-initial position. The various treatments of ST-sequences in Latin and other Indo-European languages, especially PIE, Sanskrit, and Gothic, will be modeled in Optimality Theory using constraints on phonotactics and extraprosodicity.
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Żygis, Marzena. « (Non)retroflexivity of Slavic affricates and its motivation : evidence from Polish and Czech <č> ; ». ZAS Papers in Linguistics 42 (1 janvier 2005) : 69–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.42.2005.274.
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The goal of this paper is two-fold. First, it revises the common assumption that the affricate <č> denotes /t͡ʃ/ for all Slavic languages. On the basis of experimental results it is shown that Slavic <č> stands for two sounds: /t͡ʃ/ as e.g. in Czech and /ʈʂ/ as in Polish.
The second goal of the paper is to show that this difference is not accidental but it is motivated by perceptual relations among sibilants. In Polish, /t͡ʃ/ changed to /ʈʂ/ thus lowering its sibilant tonality and creating a better perceptual distance to /tɕ/, whereas in Czech /t͡ʃ/ did not turn to /ʈʂ/, as the former displayed sufficient perceptual distance to the only affricate present in the inventory, namely, the alveolar /t͡s/. Finally, an analysis of Czech and Polish affricate inventories is offered.
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Boersma, Paul, et Silke Hamann. « The evolution of auditory dispersion in bidirectional constraint grammars ». Phonology 25, no 2 (août 2008) : 217–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675708001474.
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This paper reconciles the standpoint that language users do not aim at improving their sound systems with the observation that languages seem to improve their sound systems. If learners optimise their perception by gradually ranking their cue constraints, and reuse the resulting ranking in production, they automatically introduce aprototype effect, which can be counteracted by anarticulatory effect. If the two effects are of unequal size, the learner will end up with a sound system auditorily different from that of her language environment. Computer simulations of sibilant inventories show that, independently of the initial auditory sound system, a stable equilibrium is reached within a small number of generations. In this stable state, the dispersion of the sibilants of the language strikes an optimal balance between articulatory ease and auditory contrast. Crucially, these results are derived within a model without any goal-oriented elements such as dispersion constraints.
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Maddieson, Ian. « Commentary on ‘Reading waveforms’ ». Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21, no 2 (décembre 1991) : 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300004436.
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The previous issue of the Journal contained a discussion by Peter Ladefoged about interpreting the information in a speech waveform (JIPA, 21, 32–34), noting that examination of waveforms displays is becoming commonplace with the easy availability of personal computer tools for digitizing and editing. As Ladefoged noted:“Several aspects of sounds are clearly distinguishable from the waveforms of a phrase. Stop closures are very evident, as are differences between voiced sounds which have repetitive waveforms and voiceless sounds which do not. Differences in amplitude can be used to distinguish high frequency, high intensity sibilants from lower intensity non-sibilant fricatives; and nasals and laterals usually have smaller amplitudes than the louder adjacent vowels. An expanded view of the waveform allows us to see intervals between peaks in the damped wave of a voiced sound, and thus to calculate the frequency of the first formant. Nasals can often be distinguished from vowels in these expanded waveforms, not only by their smaller amplitudes but also by the less clear formant structure.”
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Cheon, Sang Yee, et Victoria B. Anderson. « Acoustic and Perceptual Similarities Between English and Korean Sibilants ». Korean Linguistics 14 (1 janvier 2008) : 41–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.14.03syc.
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Abstract. Foreign accent has been assumed to be closely related to the degree of articulatory, acoustic and perceptual similarity between L1 and L2 sounds. This study examined cross-language acoustic and perceptual similarities between Korean and English sibilant fricatives: Korean [—tense] /s/ and [+tense] /s*/ vs. English alveolar /s/ and palato-alveolar /∫/. To determine acoustic similarity, two parameters were measured: duration and spectral peak frequency. A Same-Different (AX) discrimination task investigated listeners' perceived similarity judgments between pairs of sibilants. In most cases, the acoustic characterizations led to correct predictions about differences in listeners' perceptions. However, results showed several disparities between acoustic similarity and perceived similarity. These cases necessarily involve acoustic dimensions other than the two measured here; probable candidates are voice quality on a following vowel, and lip rounding, with its spectral lowering effects. Cases of mismatch between acoustic and perceptual characterizations are fruitful areas for examining additional acoustic characteristics that may be responsible for listeners' ability to distinguish sounds. Acoustic and perceptual characterizations in tandem provide the best method of establishing areas of difference between the sounds of different languages, and in turn of establishing ways to teach L2 sounds to learners.
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Weirich, Melanie, et Susanne Fuchs. « Palatal Morphology Can Influence Speaker-Specific Realizations of Phonemic Contrasts ». Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 56, no 6 (décembre 2013) : 1894–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2013/12-0217).
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PurposeThe purpose of this study was to further explore the understanding of speaker-specific realizations of the /s/–/ʃ/ contrast in German in relation to individual differences in palate shape.MethodTwo articulatory experiments were carried out with German native speakers. In the first experiment, 4 monozygotic and 2 dizygotic twin pairs were recorded by means of electromagnetic articulography. In the second experiment, 12 unrelated speakers were recorded by means of electropalatography. Interspeaker variability in the articulatory distance between the sibilants was measured and was correlated with several parameters of the palate shape.ResultsThe results were twofold: (a) Similar palatal morphologies as found in monozygotic twins yield similar articulatory realizations of the /s/–/ʃ/ contrast regarding vertical and horizontal distance of the target tongue tip positions, and (b) the realization of the contrast was influenced by palatal steepness, especially the inclination angle of the alveolo–palatal region. Speakers with flat inclination angles mainly retracted their tongue to realize the contrast, whereas speakers with steep inclination angles also elevated their tongue.ConclusionThe articulatory realization of the sibilant contrast is influenced not only by speaker-specific auditory acuity, as previously observed, but also by palatal shape morphology, which affects the somatosensory feedback speakers receive.
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Salminen, Iina. « Erään venäjänopiskelijan harjoittelu ja kehitys venäjän kielen sibilanttien ja affrikaattojen parissa ». AFinLA-e : Soveltavan kielitieteen tutkimuksia, no 10 (2 juillet 2018) : 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30660/afinla.73133.
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The paper in question reports an experiment that examines the difficulties of acquiring Russian sibilant and affricate phonemes faced by a Finnish L2 learner of Russian. The experiment is based on the theoretical framework of explicit pronunciation teaching and that of contrastive analysis. The experiment itself consists of three parts: 1) phonetic testing in three phases, including tasks of both receptive and productive spoken language skills, 2) a short lesson about the features and pronunciation of the sibilants and affricates of Russian, conducted by the author, 3) independent practice by the experimentee. The analysis concentrates on finding similarities and differences between a) the pronunciation target and the sounds produced by the experimentee and b) the sounds produced in different phases. The results show that there is little improvement in the reception skills of the experimentee (6 % increase between the first and the last test), but more so in their production skills (16 %). Interestingly, while most of the mistakes made by the experimentee were anticipated on the basis of a contrastive analysis between Russian and Finnish, some tasks proved to be significantly easier than expected, for example the regocnition of the word-ini al s /ʐ/.
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Kawahara, Shigeto, Mahayana C. Godoy et Gakuji Kumagai. « Do Sibilants Fly ? Evidence from a Sound Symbolic Pattern in Pokémon Names ». Open Linguistics 6, no 1 (2 septembre 2020) : 386–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2020-0027.
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AbstractAncient writers, including Socrates and the Upanishads, argued that sibilants are associated with the notions of wind, air and sky. From modern perspectives, these statements can be understood as an assertion about sound symbolism, i.e., systematic connections between sounds and meanings. Inspired by these writers, this article reports on an experiment that tests a sound symbolic value of sibilants. The experiment is a case study situated within the Pokémonastics research paradigm, in which the researchers explore the sound symbolic patterns in natural languages using Pokémon names. The current experiment shows that when presented with pairs of a flying-type Pokémon character and a normal-type Pokémon character, Japanese speakers are more likely to associate the flying-type Pokémons with names that contain sibilants than those names that do not contain sibilants. As was pointed out by Socrates, the sound symbolic connection identified in the experiment is likely to be grounded in the articulatory properties of sibilants – the large amount of oral airflow that accompanies the production of sibilants. Various implications of the current experiment for the sound symbolism research are discussed throughout the article.
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Fleischer, David, Meghan Clayards et Michael Wagner. « A following sibilant increases the ambiguity of a sibilant continuum ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 133, no 5 (mai 2013) : 3608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4806711.
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Daniels, Peter T. « Some Semitic Phonological Considerations on the Sibilants of the Greek Alphabet ». Written Language and Literacy 2, no 1 (23 juillet 1999) : 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/wll.2.1.04dan.
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A recent reinterpretation of the phonetics of the sibilant phonemes in Semitic makes it unnecessary to hunt for "explanations" of the apparent failure of Greek sibilant letters to correspond in value with their Phoenician counterparts.
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Cavaco, Sofia, Isabel Guimarães, Mariana Ascensão, Alberto Abad, Ivo Anjos, Francisco Oliveira, Sofia Martins et al. « The BioVisualSpeech Corpus of Words with Sibilants for Speech Therapy Games Development ». Information 11, no 10 (2 octobre 2020) : 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info11100470.
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In order to develop computer tools for speech therapy that reliably classify speech productions, there is a need for speech production corpora that characterize the target population in terms of age, gender, and native language. Apart from including correct speech productions, in order to characterize the target population, the corpora should also include samples from people with speech sound disorders. In addition, the annotation of the data should include information on the correctness of the speech productions. Following these criteria, we collected a corpus that can be used to develop computer tools for speech and language therapy of Portuguese children with sigmatism. The proposed corpus contains European Portuguese children’s word productions in which the words have sibilant consonants. The corpus has productions from 356 children from 5 to 9 years of age. Some important characteristics of this corpus, that are relevant to speech and language therapy and computer science research, are that (1) the corpus includes data from children with speech sound disorders; and (2) the productions were annotated according to the criteria of speech and language pathologists, and have information about the speech production errors. These are relevant features for the development and assessment of speech processing tools for speech therapy of Portuguese children. In addition, as an illustration on how to use the corpus, we present three speech therapy games that use a convolutional neural network sibilants classifier trained with data from this corpus and a word recognition module trained on additional children data and calibrated and evaluated with the collected corpus.
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Kossmann. « Sibilants in Libyco-Berber ». Journal of the American Oriental Society 140, no 4 (2020) : 875. http://dx.doi.org/10.7817/jameroriesoci.140.4.0875.
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Greppin, John A. C. « Urartian Sibilants in Armenian ». Historical Linguistics 124, no 1 (1 juillet 2011) : 292–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/hisp.2011.124.1.292.
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Hernawati, Heni. « Analisis Akustik Bunyi Sibilant Bahasa Jepang pada Pembelajar Bahasa Jepang di Indonesia yang Berbahasa Ibu Bahasa Jawa ». Chi'e : Journal of Japanese Learning and Teaching 8, no 2 (30 octobre 2020) : 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/chie.v8i2.40903.
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Abstract
This study aims to analyze the characteristics of Japanese sibilant sound observed from the acoustic analysis. The data of this study were in the form of sound samples from 16 respondents who spoke Javanese in Japanese language learners at the university and 8 Japanese native speakers. The respondents were asked to pronounce vocabulary containing Japanese sibilant sounds at the beginning and middle of a total of 72 words which have meaning. Then, the sample of Indonesian and Japanese respondent's sound was measured using Praat software to find their duration, intensity and Center of Gravity (CoG) of the sibilant sound. The measurement results are carried out an analysis of 2 factors, namely consonant type and sound position, using anova statistics. The duration, intensity and Center of Gravity measurement results show that the two factors (consonant type and sound position) are statistically significant. The distribution of sibilant sound duration is from 68 ms to 144 ms, and the distribution of sibilant sound intensity is from 50 dB to 60 dB. The results of the Center of Gravity (CoG) measurements show that among the learners, the CoG values are in the average range of /s/ = 7 kHz, /z/ = 6 kHz, /ɕ/ = 5 kHz, and /ʑ/ = 4 kHz, while among the native speakers, the CoG values are in the average range of /s/ = 8 kHz, /z/ = 8 kHz, /ɕ/ = 6 kHz, and /ʑ/ = 6 kHz.
Key words: (a) acoustic analysis, (b) Japanese sibilant, (c) duration, (d) Center of Gravity (CoG)
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Keplinger, David. « The Sibilant, and : Horse ». Pleiades : Literature in Context 37, no 1 (2017) : 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/plc.2017.0033.
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Voigt, Rainer M. « Labialization and the so-called sibilant anomaly in Tigrinya ». Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51, no 3 (octobre 1988) : 525–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00116519.
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In Tigrinya, the cardinal numbers from 5 to 9 show a hushing sibilant instead of the hissing sibilant which is found in the corresponding ordinal numbers, i.e., 5th to 9th, and the multiples of ten, i.e., 50 to 90. We cite the forms as given by W. Leslau (1941: 127 ff.)
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Геращенко, Ольга М., et Антон П. Штефан. « Iazyk moy pouczytsia prawdi twoiey» : слов’яноруські вставки польською графікою у трактаті Лазаря Барановича ». Slavia Occidentalis, no 78/1-79/1 (24 janvier 2023) : 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/so.2021/2022.78-79.5.
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The article draws attention to the Slavenrosska phonetics analysing the Slavenorosski insertions in Polish graphics in Lazar Baranovych’s theological treatise “Notiy pięć ran Chrystvsowych pięс” (1680). These insertions reflect the epoch’s tendencies in pronouncing the Slavenorosski texts by the speakers of Northern Ukrainian (Eastern Polisyen) patois, e.g. prove the well-established pronunciation of ѣ as [і]. The pronunciation of labials, velars, pharyngeal and [н’] before the front vowel [і] was systematicallysoft. The sibilant sounds, on the contrary, were hard (the corresponding letters were always followed by a y, not an i). The variations ri/ry, ti/ty, li/ly, si/sy, di/dy show an [и] sound that replaced the former [i], and the history of language corroborates this fact. The document presents the palatalized pronunciation of velars as well as the pharyngeal before the front vowel (it surely was an [i]) replacing their hard pronunciation before vowels). The hard pronunciation of consonants before an [e] and the fricative pronunciation of Slavenorosska г was confirmed. The Cyrillic щ was pronounced as a combination of two hard sibilants [шч]. The treatise recorded the hard pronunciation of the final stem sound [р] while the etymologically soft pronunciation inside the stem remains systematically intact. The document records the hard pronunciation of [ц] at the stem end of masculine nouns. The nominative and accusative forms of singular masculine adjectives are mostly pronounced with a reduced final [ǐ]. Proper names of Greek origin could have a fricative or, less frequently, a plosive pronunciation in lieu of γ, ѳ mainly sounded as [фт]. In the king’s name, it was transliterated as th.
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Matthies, Melanie, Joseph Perkell, Jennell Vick et Majid Zandipour. « Cochlear‐implant effects on sibilants ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 108, no 5 (novembre 2000) : 2601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4743682.
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Hamp, Eric P. « On the sibilants of Romani ». Indo-Iranian Journal 30, no 2 (1987) : 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/000000087790082739.
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Hamp, Eric P. « On the sibilants of Romani ». Indo-Iranian Journal 30, no 2 (avril 1987) : 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00158121.
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Druzhynets, M. L. « REFLECTION OF TWO LAWS OF SPELLING IN THE SPEECH OF UKRAINIAN RESPONDENTS OF THE DIASPORA : NORMS AND DEVIATIONS ». Opera in linguistica ukrainiana, no 28 (28 septembre 2021) : 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2414-0627.2021.28.235514.
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The article is devoted to the oral speech of Ukrainian diaspora’s youth (America, Canada, Italy, the Czech Republic, Poland, Germany, Moldova, the Transnistrian Moldavian Republic) at the synchronous level, in particular the pronunciation features of the Ukrainian language. Based on the poll the normativeness and historical organicity are proved. Also, pronunciation problems and orthoepic deviations are indicated; the percentage of mastery of orthoepy of sound combinations was determined, in particular, the pronunciation of hushing sounds before sibilants and vice versa in a wide local and social representation of foreign countries. Our research aims to try to determine the percentage of orthoepy, to identify, analyze and describe typical pronunciation mistakes, in particular the pronunciation of hushing sounds before sibilants and vice versa in a wide local and social representation abroad. Our task is to analyze the speech of Ukrainian respondents in the diaspora, to indicate the stability and instability of a particular norm; to trace the reflection of the pronunciation of these sound combinations in old written notes, and compare with the speech of Ukrainian respondents in Ukraine. The object of the research is Ukrainian speech of the diaspora of different spheres and age groups. The subject of the research is the mastery of orthoepic norms of the modern Ukrainian language, in particular the orthoepy of sound combinations (hushing sounds before sibilants; sibilants before hushing sounds). The results of a poll are the actual material of the study. It is 100 recordings lasting 300 minutes (5 hours). The poll was attended by 100 people of Ukrainian origin who lives abroad: 10 residents of the United States, 10 residents of Canada, 30 residents of Europe - Poland (2), Germany (3), Italy (5), the Czech Republic (10), Moldova (10) and 50 students of Taras Shevchenko University (Tiraspol, Transnistria). The informants live there for 10 years. They should read aloud and record the words for the analysis of the pronunciation of sibilants before hushing sounds (in the prefixes роз-, без-, з-; in the middle of the word). Thus, the fixation of hushing sounds instead of sibilants is a common phenomenon and can be traced in many monuments of different periods, but the real rate of pronunciation sibilants before hushing sounds by foreign respondents is 26%, by all informants (Ukrainian and foreign together) is 35 %; pronunciation of sibilants before hushing sounds residents of foreign origin of Ukrainian origin is 14% and by all informants in general also 14%. Undoubtedly, we consider these norms to be weak, and if we take into account the gender factor, they are mostly observed by women, both in Ukraine and abroad. In the speech of most men, we trace the pronunciation of the pronunciation [чц '] as [ц'], [шс '] as [с':]. We see the prospect of further research in the study of orthoepic speech deviations of modern youth of the Ukrainian diaspora, in particular in the pronunciation of other sound combinations.
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Faber, Alice. « Lip protrusion in sibilant production ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 86, S1 (novembre 1989) : S113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2027306.
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Elfahm, Youssef, Nesrine Abajaddi, Badia Mounir, Laila Elmaazouzi, Ilham Mounir et Abdelmajid Farchi. « Characterization of Arabic sibilant consonants ». International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no 2 (1 avril 2023) : 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1997-2008.
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The aim of this study is to develop an automatic speech recognition system in order to classify sibilant Arabic consonants into two groups: alveolar consonants and post-alveolar consonants. The proposed method is based on the use of the energy distribution, in a consonant-vowel type syllable, as an acoustic cue. The application of this method on our own corpus reveals that the amount of energy included in a vocal signal is a very important parameter in the characterization of Arabic sibilant consonants. For consonants classifications, the accuracy achieved to identify consonants as alveolar or post-alveolar is 100%. For post-alveolar consonants, the rate is 96% and for alveolar consonants, the rate is over 94%. Our classification technique outperformed existing algorithms based on support vector machines and neural networks in terms of classification rate.
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Dagenais, Paul A., Paula Critz-Crosby et June B. Adams. « Defining and Remediating Persistent Lateral Lisps in Children Using Electropalatography ». American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 3, no 3 (septembre 1994) : 67–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0303.67.
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Electropalatography (EPG) was used to train two 8-year-old girls with persistent lateral lisps. Pretreatment evaluations showed that the two speakers differed in the manner in which they produced lisps. Subject 1, who produced errors for /s/ and /z/ sounds only, produced these errors with linguapalatal closure across the alveolar ridge and no contact at the region of the molars. She remediated quickly (17 treatment sessions) and could produce correct productions in conversation when monitored. Subject 2 produced errors for the alveolar sibilants, the palatal sibilants, and the affricates. She produced these errors with linguapalatal contacts along the alveolar processes using a midline groove similar to that used for palatal sibilants. A rounded tongue configuration was suspected to occur that allowed for midline air passage as well as air passage through the buccal cavities. Subject 2 made minimal gains after 28 treatment sessions. Possible causes for the different performances of the two subjects are discussed.
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Padgett, Jaye, et Marzena Zygis. « evolution of sibilants in Polish and Russian ». ZAS Papers in Linguistics 32 (1 janvier 2003) : 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.32.2003.190.
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In this paper we provide an account of the historical development of Polish and Russian sibilants. The arguments provided here are of theoretical interest because they show that (i) certain allophonic rules are driven by the need to keep contrasts perceptually distinct, (ii) (unconditioned) sound changes result from needs of perceptual distinctiveness, and (iii) perceptual distinctiveness can be extended to a class of consonants, i.e. the sibilants. The analysis is cast within Dispersion Theory by providing phonetic and typological data supporting the perceptual distinctiveness claims we make.
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Gunter, Kaylynn, Charlotte Vaughn et Tyler Kendall. « Contextualizing /s/ retraction : Sibilant variation and change in Washington D.C. African American Language ». Language Variation and Change 33, no 3 (octobre 2021) : 331–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095439452100020x.
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Abstract Recent work has demonstrated an ongoing change across varieties of English in which /s/ retracts before consonants, particularly before /tɹ/ clusters (e.g., Lawrence, 2000; Shapiro, 1995; Stuart-Smith et al., 2019). Much of this work has focused on the social and linguistic distributions of /stɹ/ within single communities, without an examination of the broader sibilant space (e.g., /s/ and /ʃ/). Meanwhile, analyses across multiple corpora have shown that /s/ and /ʃ/ also show within-community variability, beyond /stɹ/ contexts (Stuart-Smith et al., 2019, 2020). Intersecting these approaches, this paper explores sibilant variation and change across /stɹ/, /s/, and /ʃ/ using a corpus of Washington D.C. African American Language (AAL). Results indicate that /stɹ/-retraction is a stable variant in this variety of AAL and /s/ and /ʃ/ show evidence of socially stratified variation and change. Overall, this paper demonstrates the need to examine the sibilant space more holistically when examining changes in /stɹ/.
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Hermes, Anne, Doris Mücke et Martine Grice. « Gestural coordination of Italian word-initial clusters : the case of ‘impure s’ ». Phonology 30, no 1 (mai 2013) : 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095267571300002x.
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We report on an articulatory study which uses an electromagnetic articulograph to investigate word-initial consonant clusters in Italian. In particular, we investigate clusters involving a sibilant, such as in spina ‘thorn’. The status of the sibilant in such clusters, referred to as ‘impure s’, is an unresolved problem for the syllable phonology of Italian. Coordination patterns of the gestural targets of consonantal and vocalic gestures reveal a structural difference between obstruent–liquid clusters, e.g. /pr/, and sibilant–obstruent clusters, e.g. /sp/. Whereas in /pr/, both /p/ and /r/ have distinct coordination patterns as compared to either /p/ or /r/ as a single consonant in the same (word-initial) position, this is not the case for /sp/. Here the /p/ patterns like a single consonant: /p/ in spina patterns with /p/ in Pina (proper name). Thus, although /s/ in spina constitutes a word onset, there is evidence against it being part of a syllable onset.
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Gommerman, Shelley, et Megan Hodge. « Effects of oral myofunctional therapy on swallowing and sibilant production ». International Journal of Orofacial Myology 21, no 1 (1 novembre 1995) : 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.52010/ijom.1995.21.1.2.
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This study investigated the effectiveness of oral myofunctional therapy in eliminating a 16 year-old girl's tongue thrust swallowing pattern and mild sibilant distortion. An ABC design was used where Phase A had eight baseline sessions (no treatment), Phase B had 14 oral myofunctional therapy sessions, and Phase Chad four articulation treatment sessions. Dependent measures of swallowing and sibilant production were obtained in each session. A third dependent variable, labial diadochokinetic rate, was also measured each session and served as a control for maturation. Oral myofunctional therapy was shown to be effective in eliminating the tongue thrust swallowing pattern of this subject, but not her sibilant distortion. However, her sibilant distortion reduced after one articulation treatment session and was maintained at negligible levels over the next three treatment sessions. As expected, labial diadochokinetic rate remained stable across the three phases. At the conclusion of Phase C, two bi-weekly home visits revealed that the subject had maintained and generalized her new swallowing pattern. Measures obtained six months after completion of Phase C indicated that the subject had maintained her new swallowing and speech production behaviors. The subject's maximal tongue strength and endurance were below expected normal values at the initiation of the study and increased during the study. Her tongue endurance appeared more sensitive to the effects of oral myofunctional training than tongue strength and, unlike tongue strength, tongue endurance decreased in the six month period following completion of the study.
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Hendel, Ronald S. « Sibilants and šibbōlet (Judges 12:6) ». Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 301 (février 1996) : 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1357296.
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Perkell, Joseph S., Melanie L. Matthies, Satrajit S. Ghosh, Edwin Maas, Alexandra Hanson, Frank H. Guenther, Harlan Lane, Lucie Ménard et Mark Tiede. « Auditory and somatosensory goals for sibilants ». Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, no 5 (mai 2008) : 3459. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2934303.
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