Articles de revues : « Shower Monte Carlo »

1

Webber, Bryan. « Parton shower Monte Carlo event generators ». Scholarpedia 6, n^o 12 (2011) : 10662. http://dx.doi.org/10.4249/scholarpedia.10662.

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Kusina, A., O. Gituliar, S. Jadach et M. Skrzypek. « Evolution Kernels for Parton Shower Monte Carlo ». Acta Physica Polonica B 46, n^o 7 (2015) : 1343. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolb.46.1343.

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Lazzarin, Marco, Simone Alioli et Stefano Carrazza. « MCNNTUNES : Tuning Shower Monte Carlo generators with machine learning ». Computer Physics Communications 263 (juin 2021) : 107908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2021.107908.

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Gottschalk, Thomas D. « HARD SCATTERING QCD CORRECTIONS IN MONTE CARLO SHOWER MODELS ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 02, n^o 04 (août 1987) : 1393–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x87000764.

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The problem of incorporating exact 2→3 QCD cross sections into Monte Carlo models for hadron-hadron scattering is examined, and a simple, branching weight formalism which retains all the information of the 2→3 processes is presented. The connection of this prescription with the angle-ordered soft gluon results of Ellis, Marchesini and Webber is explored in detail. Possible unresolved questions for the procedure are also noted.

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Sapeta, Sebastian. « Matching NLO with parton shower in Monte Carlo scheme ». Nuclear and Particle Physics Proceedings 273-275 (avril 2016) : 2078–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2015.09.336.

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Dey, Rajat K., et Animesh Basak. « Behaviour of the lateral shower age of cosmic ray extensive air showers ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2156, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2021) : 012174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2156/1/012174.

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Abstract Some simple arguments are introduced for a possible explanation of the behavior of the lateral shower age of proton-initiated showers. The corresponding analytical treatment based on the proposed argument is then illustrated. Using the Monte Carlo simulation (MC) code CORSIKA, we have validated how the different characteristics associated with the lateral shower age predicted in the present analytical parametrization, can be understood. The lateral shower age of a proton-initiated shower and its correlations with the lateral shower ages of electron- and neutral pion-initiated showers supports the idea that the result of superposition of several electromagnetic sub-showers initiated by neutral pions might produce the lateral density distribution of electrons of a proton initiated shower. It is also noticed with the simulated data that the stated feature still persists even in the local shower age representation.

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Jadach, S., A. Kusina, W. Płaczek et M. Skrzypek. « NLO Corrections in the Initial-state Parton Shower Monte Carlo ». Acta Physica Polonica B 44, n^o 11 (2013) : 2179. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolb.44.2179.

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RENK, THORSTEN. « YaJEM — A MONTE CARLO CODE FOR IN-MEDIUM SHOWER EVOLUTION ». International Journal of Modern Physics E 20, n^o 07 (juillet 2011) : 1594–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301311019933.

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High transverse momentum (PT) QCD scattering processes are regarded as a valuable tool to study the medium produced in heavy-ion collisions, as due to uncertainty arguments their cross section should be calculable independent of medium properties whereas the medium then modifies only the final state partons emerging from a hard vertex. With the heavy-ion physics program at the CERN LHC imminent, the attention of high PT physics in heavy ion collisions is shifting from the observation of hard single hadrons to fully reconstructed jets. However, the presence of a background medium at low PT complicates jet-finding as compared to p - p collisions. Monte-Carlo (MC) codes designed to simulate the evolution of parton showers evolving into hadron jets are valuable tools to understand the complicated interplay between the medium modification of the jet and the bias introduced by a specific jet-finding scheme. However, such codes also use a set of approximations which needs to be tested against the better understood single high PT hadron observables. In this paper, I review the ideas underlying the MC code YaJEM (Yet another Jet Energy-loss Model) and present some of the results obtained with the code.

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HUEGE, T., et H. FALCKE. « MONTE CARLO SIMULATIONS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM COSMIC RAY AIR SHOWERS ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, supp01 (juillet 2006) : 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06033374.

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As a basis for the interpretation of data gathered by LOPES and other experiments, we have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of geosynchrotron radio emission from cosmic ray air showers. The simulations, having been verified carefully with analytical calculations, reveal a wealth of information on the characteristics of the radio signal and their dependence on specific air shower parameters. In this article, we review the spatial characteristics of the radio emission, its predicted frequency spectrum and its dependence on important air shower parameters such as the shower zenith angle, the primary particle energy and the depth of the shower maximum, which can in turn be related to the nature of the primary particle.

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Jones, S. P. « Higgs Boson Pair Production : Monte Carlo Generator Interface and Parton Shower ». Acta Physica Polonica B Proceedings Supplement 11, n^o 2 (2018) : 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.5506/aphyspolbsupp.11.295.

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Dey, R. K., T. Sarkar et A. Bhadra. « Estimating Air Shower Fluctuations from the Monte Carlo Simulation Code CORSIKA ». Procedia Technology 10 (2013) : 236–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2013.12.357.

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Miura, Kenichi. « EGS4V : Vectorization of the Monte Carlo cascade shower simulation code EGS4 ». Computer Physics Communications 45, n^o 1-3 (août 1987) : 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-4655(87)90147-0.

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IVANOV, A. A., M. I. PRAVDIN et A. V. SABOUROV. « MODELING A RELATION BETWEEN SHOWER AGE AND LATERAL DISTRIBUTION PARAMETERS OF EXTENSIVE AIR SHOWERS OF COSMIC RAYS ». International Journal of Modern Physics D 20, n^o 09 (31 août 2011) : 1539–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271811019463.

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The lateral distribution (LD) of particles in extensive air showers (EAS) of cosmic rays (CRs) broadens as the cascade propagates in the atmosphere. A universal relation between LD parameters and shower age can be used to estimate the age and/or maximum depth, Xmax, basing on EAS measurements with surface arrays. We have simulated this relation using a Monte Carlo method implemented in the CORSIKA code. Our aim is to specify an algorithm applicable in particular to Yakutsk array data analysis.

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Béné, S. « Air shower simulation for background estimation in muon tomography of volcanoes ». Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems Discussions 2, n^o 2 (6 août 2012) : 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gid-2-563-2012.

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Abstract. One of the main sources of background for the radiography of volcanoes with atmospheric muons comes from the accidental coincidences produced in the muon telescopes by the air showers. In order to quantify this background, Monte-Carlo simulations of the showers and of the detector are developed by the Tomuvol collaboration. As a first step, the atmospheric showers were simulated and investigated using two Monte-Carlo packages, CORSIKA and GEANT4. We compared the results provided by the two programs for the muonic component of vertical proton-induced showers at three energies: 1, 10 and 100 TeV. We found that the spatial distribution and energy spectrum of the muons were in good agreement for the two codes, while significant differences were observed for the arrival time of the muons.

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Béné, S., P. Boivin, E. Busato, C. Cârloganu, C. Combaret, P. Dupieux, F. Fehr et al. « Air shower simulation for background estimation in muon tomography of volcanoes ». Geoscientific Instrumentation, Methods and Data Systems 2, n^o 1 (11 janvier 2013) : 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gi-2-11-2013.

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Abstract. One of the main sources of background for the radiography of volcanoes using atmospheric muons comes from the accidental coincidences produced in the muon telescopes by charged particles belonging to the air shower generated by the primary cosmic ray. In order to quantify this background effect, Monte Carlo simulations of the showers and of the detector are developed by the TOMUVOL collaboration. As a first step, the atmospheric showers were simulated and investigated using two Monte Carlo packages, CORSIKA and GEANT4. We compared the results provided by the two programs for the muonic component of vertical proton-induced showers at three energies: 1, 10 and 100 TeV. We found that the spatial distribution and energy spectrum of the muons were in good agreement for the two codes.

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Nason, Paolo. « A New Method for Combining NLO QCD with Shower Monte Carlo Algorithms ». Journal of High Energy Physics 2004, n^o 11 (16 novembre 2004) : 040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2004/11/040.

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Miura, Kenichi, et Robert G. Babb. « Tradeoffs in granularity and parallelization for a Monte Carlo shower simulation code ». Parallel Computing 8, n^o 1-3 (octobre 1988) : 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-8191(88)90112-3.

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Mayer, H. J. « A Monte Carlo study of the reconstruction accuracy of shower parameters for the KASCADE extended air shower array ». Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A : Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 311, n^o 1-2 (janvier 1992) : 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(92)90881-4.

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Holch, T. L., F. Leuschner, J. Schäfer et S. Steinmassl. « Assessing aerosol induced errors in Monte Carlo based air-shower reconstruction for atmospheric Cherenkov detectors ». Journal of Physics : Conference Series 2398, n^o 1 (1 décembre 2022) : 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2398/1/012017.

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Abstract Aerosol levels influence the wavelength dependent transmission properties of the atmosphere. Variations in aerosol levels therefore affect the amount of Cherenkov light from air-showers that can reach an atmospheric Cherenkov detector. As the amount of detected Cherenkov light is directly related to a primary shower particle’s energy, deviations between actual and assumed atmospheric transmission properties yield errors in reconstructed particle energies as well as energy axes of instrument response functions. In this work, a scheme is presented to assess this influence and potentially reduce related errors in the air-shower reconstruction. The proposed scheme relies on estimations or measurements of the aerosol optical depth and atmospheric density profile which are then used in radiative transfer simulations to generate atmospheric transmission profiles. As the scheme furthermore uses detector specific quantum efficiencies and generalised shower evolution models, it does not rely on detailed Monte Carlo simulations for the different atmospheric conditions but only on the transmission profile which the initial shower reconstruction algorithm is based on. The approach is derived and presented on the example of the H.E.S.S. experiment which employs imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes in the Khomas Highland of Namibia to detect gamma rays in the GeV to TeV energy range.

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Fomin, Yu A., N. N. Kalmykov, I. S. Karpikov, G. V. Kulikov, M. Yu Kuznetsov, G. I. Rubtsov, V. P. Sulakov et S. V. Troitsky. « Full Monte-Carlo description of the Moscow State University Extensive Air Shower experiment ». Journal of Instrumentation 11, n^o 08 (30 août 2016) : T08005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/08/t08005.

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Vasil’ev, A. N., Yu A. Matulenko, V. V. Mochalov, L. V. Nogach, P. A. Semenov, L. F. Solov’ev et K. E. Shestermanov. « Monte Carlo reconstruction of the shower coordinates and shape in the electromagnetic calorimeter ». Instruments and Experimental Techniques 49, n^o 4 (juillet 2006) : 468–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s002044120604004x.

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22

Linn, Stephan L. « A method for fast electromagnetic shower simulation in the Geant Monte Carlo program ». Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A : Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 288, n^o 2-3 (mars 1990) : 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)90158-3.

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Ko, Sanghyun, Hwidong Yoo et Seungkyu Ha. « Reconstruction of 3D Shower Shape with the Dual-Readout Calorimeter ». Instruments 6, n^o 3 (13 septembre 2022) : 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/instruments6030039.

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The dual-readout calorimeter has two channels, Cherenkov and scintillation, that measure the fraction of an electromagnetic (EM) component within a shower by using different responses of each channel to the EM and hadronic component. It can measure the energy of EM and hadronic shower simultaneously—its concept inspired the integrated design for measuring both EM and hadronic showers, which left the task of reconstructing longitudinal shower shapes to the utilization of timing. We explore the possibility of longitudinal shower shape reconstruction using signal processing on silicon photomultiplier timing, and 3D shower shape by combining lateral and longitudinal information. We present a comparison between Monte Carlo (MC) and reconstructed longitudinal shower shapes from the simulation, and the application of 3D shower shapes associated with the dual nature of the calorimeter to identify electrons, hadrons, and hadronic punch-thru or muons.

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Koten, P., D. Čapek, P. Spurný, R. Štork, V. Vojáček et J. Bednář. « Search for pairs and groups in the 2006 Geminid meteor shower ». Astronomy & ; Astrophysics 656 (décembre 2021) : A98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202141809.

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Context. The existence of pairs and groups of meteors during meteor showers has been an open question for a long time. The double-station video observation of the 2006 Geminid meteor shower, one of the most active annual showers, is used for the search of such events. Aims. The goal of the paper is to determine whether the observed pairs of Geminid meteors are real events or cases of random coincidence. Methods. The atmospheric trajectories of the observed meteors, photometric masses, and both time and spatial distances of meteoroids in the atmosphere were determined using a double-station video observation. The time gaps between them were analysed statistically. The Monte Carlo simulation was used for the determination of the probability of random pairings. Results. A higher than expected number of candidates for pairs was found among 2006 Geminids. An evaluation of the Poisson distribution shows that a significant fraction of them may be real cases. However, the Monte Carlo simulation did not confirm this result and provided a different view. Analysis of geometrical positions of candidate pairs also did not support the presence of real pairs and groups. Although we cannot exclude that some of them may be physically connected pairs, all the observed cases can be explained as the coincidental appearance of unrelated meteors.

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Collins, John C., et Francesco Hautmann. « Soft gluons and gauge-invariant subtractions in NLO parton-shower Monte Carlo event generators ». Journal of High Energy Physics 2001, n^o 03 (12 mars 2001) : 016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2001/03/016.

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Shirasaki, Yuji, et Fumio Kakimoto. « Monte Carlo simulation of air shower development for the study of cosmic ray composition ». Astroparticle Physics 15, n^o 3 (juin 2001) : 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0927-6505(00)00150-x.

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Scholten, Olaf, Gia Trinh, Krijn D. de Vries et Brian Hare. « MGMR3D, a semi-analytic code for the obtaining the radio footprint from the shower currents ». EPJ Web of Conferences 216 (2019) : 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921603003.

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MGMR3D is a code that calculates the complete radio footprint, i.e. intensity, polarization and pulse shapes, for a parametrized shower current density using a semianalytic approach. The non-Monte-Carlo code is fast (typically 10 seconds for a complete footprint) and thus can be used in a chi-square optimization calculation of atmospheric electric fields or to optimize antenna geometry.

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Engel, R., N. N. Kalmykov et A. A. Konstantinov. « SIMULATION OF RADIO SIGNALS FROM 1-10 TeV AIR SHOWERS USING EGSNRC ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, supp01 (juillet 2006) : 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06033386.

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Cherenkov and geosynchrotron radiation are considered as two fundamental mechanisms of the radio emission generated by extensive air showers (EAS). The code EGSnrc is used for Monte-Carlo simulations of the individual shower development. Calculations of the radial dependence and frequency spectrum of the emitted radiation are performed for the LOPES experiment frequency range.

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Rybczyński, Maciej, et Zbigniew Włodarczyk. « Puzzle of muons in extensive air showers ». International Journal of Modern Physics D 28, n^o 08 (juin 2019) : 1950097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271819500974.

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In order to examine a muon excess observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory, detailed Monte Carlo simulations were carried out for primary protons, iron nuclei and strangelets (hypothetical stable lumps of strange quark matter). We obtained a rough agreement between the simulations and the data for ordinary nuclei without any contribution of strangelets in primary flux of cosmic rays. Our simulations suggest that the shower observables are dominated by details of hadronic interaction models.

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SECKEL, D. « SCALING OF ASKARYAN PULSES ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 21, supp01 (juillet 2006) : 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x06033398.

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The theory of the Askaryan process, impulsive RF emission from particle showers, is reviewed. The radiated electric field may be calculated at all angles and frequencies from just two phenomonological functions related to the longitudinal and transverse profiles of the shower. A prescription is given for extracting the relevant profiles from shower Monte Carlo calculations. Results obtained for one shower may be scaled to other energies and environments. A two parameter analytic model for shower profiles is proposed.

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Yang, Hong-Jin, Changbom Park et Myeong-Gu Park. « Analysis of Historical Meteor and Meteor shower Records : Korea, China and Japan ». Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, H16 (août 2012) : 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921314005079.

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AbstractWe have compiled and analyzed historical meter and meteor shower records in Korean, Chinese, and Japanese chronicles. We have confirmed the peaks of Perseids and an excess due to the mixture of Orionids, north-Taurids, or Leonids through the Monte-Carlo test from the Korean records. The peaks persist for almost one thousand years. We have also analyzed seasonal variation of sporadic meteors from Korean records. Major features in Chinese meteor shower records are quite consistent with those of Korean records, particularly for the last millennium. Japanese records also show Perseids feature and Orionids/north-Taurids/Leonids feature, although they are less prominent compared to those of Korean or Chinese records.

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HUEGE, TIM, et HEINO FALCKE. « SIMULATIONS OF RADIO EMISSION FROM COSMIC RAY AIR SHOWERS ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 20, n^o 29 (20 novembre 2005) : 6831–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x05030223.

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Radio emission from cosmic ray air showers has the potential to become an additional, cost-effective observing technique for cosmic ray research, being largely complementary to the well-established particle detector and air fluorescence techniques. We present Monte Carlo simulations of radio emission from extensive air showers in the scheme of coherent geosynchrotron radiation from electron-positron pairs gyrating in the earth's magnetic field. Preliminary results of our simulations are the predicted frequency, primary particle energy, shower zenith angle, shower azimuth angle and polarization dependence of the radio emission. These properties can be directly related to data measured by LOPES and other experiments.

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Rzepka, M., E. Diedrich et G. Buschhorn. « Monte Carlo-study of shower formation from high energy electrons and photons in aligned crystals ». Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B : Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 63, n^o 3 (février 1992) : 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(92)95110-d.

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CHEN, CHIH-CHING, PISIN CHEN, CHIA-YU HU et K. C. LAI. « DISTINGUISHABILITY OF NEUTRINO FLAVORS THROUGH THEIR DIFFERENT SHOWER CHARACTERISTICS ». Modern Physics Letters A 28, n^o 02 (20 janvier 2013) : 1340009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732313400099.

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We propose a new flavor identification method to distinguish mu and tau type ultra high energy cosmic neutrinos (UHECN). Energy loss of leptons in matter is an important information for the detection of neutrinos originated from high energy astrophysical sources. 50 years ago, Askaryan proposed to detect Cherenkov radiowave signals emitted from the negative charge excess of neutrino-induced particle shower. The theory of Cherenkov radiation under Fraunhofer approximation has been widely studied in the past two decades. However, at high energies or for high density materials, electromagnetic shower should be elongated due to the Landau-Pomeranchuck-Migdal (LPM) effect. As such the standard Fraunhofer approximation ceases to be valid when the distance between the shower and the detector becomes comparable with the shower length. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed recently to investigate this regime. Here we adopt the deduced relationship between the radio signal and the cascade development profile to investigate its implication to lepton signatures. Our method provides a straightforward technique to identify the neutrino flavor through the detected Cherenkov signals.

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Sun, Bao Guang, et Xiao Feng Wang. « Analysis on High-Energy Physical Problems in Monte Carlo Simulation ». Applied Mechanics and Materials 577 (juillet 2014) : 762–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.762.

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This paper analyzes the data got in two Monte Carlo simulations, namely, extensive air shower simulation and detector simulation. Then, based on the data from experimental arrays, some physical problems have been analyzed and illustrated. Those problems include the distribution of energy spectrum of secondary particles, the distribution of zenith angle, of azimuths, of background noises, and that of strip pattern, as well as the atmospheric absorption.

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Tang, L. G., et E. V. Hungerford. « A Monte Carlo study of the resolution limits in a lead-streamer tube photon shower counter ». Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A : Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment 287, n^o 3 (février 1990) : 407–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9002(90)91554-o.

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Spanos, P. D., et B. A. Zeldin. « Monte Carlo Treatment of Random Fields : A Broad Perspective ». Applied Mechanics Reviews 51, n^o 3 (1 mars 1998) : 219–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3098999.

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A review of a number of methods for random fields simulation in conjunction with Monte Carlo studies of probabilistic mechanics problems is presented from a broad perspective. This article complements some of the previous review articles in that it compares various simulation algorithms, assesses their relative computational efficiency and versatility, discusses the properties of generated field samples, and incorporates some of the recent developments. Collectively, a comprehensive discussion of the covariance decomposition method, the spectral method, the ARMA method, the noise shower method, the scale refinement methods, and the turning band method is attempted. For tutorial effectiveness univariate, uni-dimensional, Gaussian, and homogeneous fields are discussed, primarily in connection with various simulation methods. Nevertheless, appropriate references are included addressing the simulation of more general fields. This review article contains 110 references.

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GERANIOS, A., E. FOKITIS, S. MALTEZOS, D. KOUTSOKOSTA, I. ANTONIADOU, O. MALANDRAKI, A. MASTICHIADIS, E. ANTONOPOULOU et S. DIMITRAKOUDIS. « ENERGY ESTIMATION OF ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC PARTICLES BY LATERAL DISTRIBUTION FUNCTIONS OF EXTENSIVE AIR SHOWERS ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 23, n^o 29 (20 novembre 2008) : 4687–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x08041724.

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Energy is among the characteristics of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (E > 5 ×1019 eV ) which could be estimated experimentally based on simulations. This paper attempts to estimate the energy of an UHECR proton by applying a Monte Carlo simulation code. A number of extensive air showers, vertical and inclined, are simulated to derive the lateral distribution functions of the shower particles. The scenario of simulations is adapted to the P. Auger Observatory site.

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Pierog, Tanguy. « Hadronic Interactions and Air Showers : Where Do We Stand ? » EPJ Web of Conferences 208 (2019) : 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920802002.

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The interpretation of EAS measurements strongly depends on detailed air shower simulations. CORSIKA is one of the most commonly used air shower Monte Carlo programs. The main source of uncertainty in the prediction of shower observables for different primary particles and energies is currently dominated by differences between hadronic interaction models even after recent updates taking into account the first LHC data. As a matter of fact the model predictions converged but at the same time more precise air shower and LHC measurements introduced new constraints. Last year a new generation of hadronic interaction models was released in CORSIKA. Sibyll 2.3c and DPMJETIII.17-1 are now available with improved descriptions of particle production and in particular the production of charmed particles. The impact of these hadronic interaction models on air shower predictions are presented here and compared to the first generation of post-LHC models, EPOS LHC and QGSJETII-04. The performance of the new models on standard air shower observables is derived. Due to the various approaches in the physics treatment, there are still large differences in the model predictions but this can already be partially resolved by comparison with the latest LHC data.

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Zhezher, Yana. « Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays mass composition studies with the Telescope Array Surface Detector data ». EPJ Web of Conferences 191 (2018) : 08007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201819108007.

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The results on ultra-high energy cosmic rays’ chemical composition based on the data from the Telescope Array surface detector are reported. The analysis is based the boosted decision tree (BDT) multivariate analysis built upon 14 observables related to both the properties of the shower front and the lateral distribution function. The multivariate classifier is trained with Monte-Carlo sets: proton-induced, which is considered as background events, and ironinduced, considered as signal events. The classifier results in a single variable ξ for data and Monte-Carlo sets, available for one-dimensional analysis. The data to Monte-Carlo comparison results in an average atomic mass of UHECR for energy range 1018:0 - 1020:0 eV. The average atomic mass of primary particles corresponds to 〈ln A〉 = 1:52± 0:08(stat.)± 0:1(syst.). The comparison with TA hybrid composition results and the other experiments is presented.

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Malyshev, Maxim, Artem Lipatov et Hannes Jung. « Production of prompt photons associated with jets at LHC in kT-factorization ». EPJ Web of Conferences 222 (2019) : 03015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201922203015.

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We use the kT–factorization approach to calculate total and differential cross sections of associated production of prompt photons and hadronic jets at the LHC energies. Our consideration relies on the pegasus Monte-Carlo generator with implemented ℴ(αα2s) off-shell gluon–gluon fusion subprocess g*g* → γqq− and several subleading quark-initiated contributions from ℴ(ααs) and ℴ(αα2s) subprocesses, taken into account in the collinear limit. Using Monte-Carlo generators CASCADE and PYTHIA, we investigate parton showering effects and compare our predictions with the data, taken by CMS and ATLAS collaborations at the LHC. We demostrate reasonabledescription of the data and the importance of parton shower effects in the kT–factorization.

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Rohrmoser, Martin. « The TMDICE Monte Carlo shower program and algorithm for jet-fragmentation via coherent medium induced radiations and scattering ». Computer Physics Communications 276 (juillet 2022) : 108343. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpc.2022.108343.

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Boussaha, Bouzid, et Tariq Bitam. « Earth-Skimming Ultrahigh Energy Tau Neutrinos Simulated with Monte Carlo Method and CONEX Code ». Advances in High Energy Physics 2021 (18 novembre 2021) : 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9987060.

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This paper is aimed at studying the feasibility of building an Earth-skimming cosmic tau neutrinos detector, with the aim of eventually identifying the ideal dimensions of a natural site mountain-valley for the detection of very high energy neutrinos tau range from 1 0 16 eV to 1 0 20 eV , as well as possibly locate one such site in Algeria. First, a Monte Carlo simulation of the neutrino-[mountain] matter interaction as well as the resulting decay of the tau lepton is conducted to determine the optimal dimensions of the mountain as well as the location of the tau decay in the valley. Second, a CORSIKA (COsmic Ray Simulation for KAscade) simulation with the CONEX option is conducted to track the evolution of the almost horizontal air shower initiated by the tau lepton. Many particles are produced, which are part of the shower components: electrons, muons, gammas, pions, etc. The study of the spatial distribution of these particles enables the discovery of the optimal width of the valley, and consequently, the distance at which to lay the detection network.

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Zhang, Ying, J. Huang, D. Chen, L. M. Zhai, Xu Chen, Y. H. Lin, Jian-Hua Fang et Yoshiaki Nakamura. « Towards a better estimation of energy and species of primary cosmic rays in the knee region with the Tibet hybrid experiment : Utilization of refined EAS lateral distributions ». EPJ Web of Conferences 208 (2019) : 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920803004.

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A new hybrid experiment (YAC-II+Tibet-III+MD) located at Yangbajing has started to improve the capability of explicit measurements of the cosmic-ray components (P, He, CNO, Fe, etc) at the knee energy region since 2014. Considering the different features of air shower development for different primary cosmic-ray nuclei, using a full Monte Carlo simulation, we modified the lateral distribution functions for proton-induced, helium-induced and iron-induced air showers, respectively. The results show that the air shower size of different nuclei obtained by the modified Nishimura-Kamata-Greisen function is consistent with the true shower size within 5% systematic errors. Furthermore, we studied the Extensive Air Shower age parameter determination from the lateral distribution functions of charged particles near the air shower core with the Tibet hybrid experiment. The derived age parameter can be well used to estimate the particle type of the incident primary cosmic rays.

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Nonis, Stavros, George Bourlis, Ioannis Gkialas, Antonios Leisos, Ioannis Manthos, Kostas Papageorgiou, Apostolos Tsirigotis et Spyros Tzamarias. « Studies for high energy air shower identification using RF measurements with the ASTRONEU array ». EPJ Web of Conferences 210 (2019) : 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921005010.

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The Hellenic Open University (HOU) Cosmic Ray Telescope (ASTRONEU) consists of 9 large scintillator detectors and 3 RF antennas arranged in three autonomous stations operating at the Hellenic Open University campus in the city of Patras. High energy showers that are detected simultaneously by two distant stations and in coincidence with the RF antennas are used to study the RF signature of cosmic events. In previous studies we have shown that the timing of the RF signals as well as the measured electric field at the antennas position are in very good agreement with the simulation predictions. In this work we concentrate on the transfer functions of the antennas which are strongly frequency and angular dependent. We show that the RF spectra (at frequencies 30-80 MHz) of the detected showers are exhibiting features of the antenna response as predicted by detailed Monte Carlo simulation suggesting that a single antenna RF spectrum gives access to the cosmic ray arrival direction.

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DING, L. K., C. L. JING, G. R. JING, J. L. REN, Q. Q. ZHU, H. Y. DAI, E. C. LOH, P. SOKOLSKY et P. SOMMERS. « ENERGY DISSIPATION OF HADRONIC INTERACTIONS WELL ABOVE COLLIDER ENERGIES VIEWED FROM FLY'S EYE DATA ON DEPTHS OF SHOWER MAXIMA ». International Journal of Modern Physics A 13, n^o 04 (10 février 1998) : 635–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x98000287.

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Using the depths of shower maxima, as measured by Fly's Eye experiment,we study the energy dissipation of hadronic showers resulting from cosmic interactions at energies between 3×1017 eV and 1019 eV. We place, based on Fly's Eye data, a set of constraints on the expected depths of shower maxima for proton-initiated showers, disentangling the hadronic interaction features from the cosmic ray composition. It is shown that in the energy region substantially above collider energies, only Monte Carlo simulations using hadronic interaction models characterized by a strong energy dissipation predict the depths of shower maxima that are consistent with this set of constraints. Between the two equally good fitsof the energy dependences of cross-section and multiplicity at collider energies — the power law and log-square law, we find that the cosmic ray data favor the power law above collider energies. The Feynman scaling in the fragmentation region above collider energies is valid only if the cross-section for inelastic hadron–air–nucleus interactions increases much more rapidly than the trend established at accelerator energies. The multiple nucleon interaction picture appears to be plausible for hadron–nucleus interactions.

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Yahya, M. F. O., et F. Kocak. « Determination of Position Resolution for LYSO Scintillation Crystals Using Geant4 Monte Carlo Code ». Advances in High Energy Physics 2021 (14 septembre 2021) : 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9931708.

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LYSO scintillation crystals, due to their significant characteristics such as high light yield, fast decay time, small Moliére radius, and good radiation hardness, are proposed to be used for the electromagnetic calorimeter section of the Turkish Accelerator Center Particle Factory (TAC-PF) detector. In this work, the center of gravity technique was used to determine the impact coordinates of an electron initiating an electromagnetic shower in a LYSO array, in a calorimeter module containing nine crystals, each 25 mm × 25 mm in cross-section and 200 mm in length. The response of the calorimeter module has been studied with electrons having energies in the range 0.1 GeV-2 GeV. By using the Monte Carlo simulation based on Geant4, the two-dimensional position resolution of the module is obtained as σ R mm = 3.95 ± 0.08 / E ⊕ 1.91 ± 0.11 at the center of the crystal.

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TANAKA, HIDEKAZU, et TOMO MUNEHISA. « COMPARISON OF ALGORITHMS FOR SINGLET PARTON GENERATIONS IN DEEP INELASTIC SCATTERING ». Modern Physics Letters A 13, n^o 14 (10 mai 1998) : 1085–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732398001157.

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Algorithms for parton shower models are examined for singlet partons in deep inelastic scattering. We compare two different types of models: (i) based on evolution of particle number distributions as conventionally used in Monte–Carlo event generators, (ii) based on evolution of momentum distributions which has not been studied in the practical event generators. Features of these two models are qualitatively studied in order to understand the properties of these models.

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Robouch, B. V., K. Hübner, L. Ingrosso, J. S. Brzosko, H. Klein et S. Guldbakke. « A new approach to fast neutron diagnostic simulation : Monte Carlo with shower and drizzle splittings and finite close-collision treatment ». Progress in Nuclear Energy 24, n^o 1-3 (janvier 1990) : 409–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0149-1970(90)90060-i.

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Gonzalez, Javier G. « Muon Measurements with IceTop ». EPJ Web of Conferences 208 (2019) : 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201920803003.

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We present the measurement of the density of GeV muons in near-vertical air showers by the IceTop array at the South Pole. The muon density is measured at 600 m and 800 m lateral distance from the shower axis in air showers between 1 PeV and 100 PeV. This result can be used to constrain hadronic interaction models by comparing it with the outcome of Monte Carlo simulations. We show that some models do not produce muon densities in agreement with this result unless an unphysical composition of the primary cosmic ray flux is assumed.

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