Livres : « Sharing rule »

1

Mittendorfer, Roland. Gemeindeautonomie, Versuch einer Neuinterpretation aus rechts- und finanzwissenschaftlicher Sicht. Wien : Österreichischer Wirtschaftsverlag, 1990.

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2

Franke, Günter. Idiosyncratic risk, sharing rules and the theory of risk bearing. Fontainebleau : INSEAD, 1992.

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3

Franke, Günter. Idiosyncratic risk, sharing rules and the theory of risk bearing. Brussels : European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management, 1992.

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4

Franke, Gunter. Idiosyncratic risk, sharing rules, and the theory of risk bearing. New York, NY (44 West, 4th St., Suite 9-160, New York 10012-1126) : New York University Salomon Center, 1992.

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5

Lee, Jungmin. Observable and unobservable household sharing rules : Evidence from young couples' pocket money. Bonn, Germany : IZA, 2004.

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6

Court, Philippines Supreme. The Special Rules of Procedure Governing the Shari'a Courts (Ijra-at al Mahakim al Shari'ah). 2^e éd. Quezon City, Philippines : Central Professional Books, 2003.

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7

Bhandari, Dhruba. Benefit sharing in hydropower projects in Nepal : The cost of unclear rules of the game. Kathmandu : Samriddhi, The Prosperity Foundation, 2015.

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8

1948-, Marshall Paul A., dir. Radical Islam's rules : The worldwide spread of extreme Shari'a law. Lanham, Md : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2005.

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1948-, Marshall Paul A., dir. Radical Islam's rules : The worldwide spread of extreme Shari'a law. Lanham, Md : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2005.

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10

United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General. Information sharing with fusion centers has improved, but information system challenges remain. Washington, DC : Dept. of Homeland Security, Office of Inspector General, 2010.

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11

United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General. Improvements to information sharing are needed to facilitate law enforcement efforts during disasters. Washington, DC : Dept. of Homeland Security, Office of Inspector General, 2007.

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12

Court, Philippines Supreme. The 1997 revised Rules of Civil Procedure : Rules 1-71 : with the 1991 revised Rule on Summary Procedure, interim Rules of Procedure on Corporate Rehabilitation, interim Rules of Procedure Governing Intra-Corporate Controversies under R.A. no. 8799, guidelines for the implementation of mediation/conciliation proceeding, Rules of Procedure in the Shari'a Courts, Rule 141, revised Rules of Court (legal fees), and the Philippine Arbitration Law. Sous la direction de Salao Ernesto C et Rex Editorial Board. 2^e éd. Manila, Philippines : Published & distributed by Rex Book Store, 2002.

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13

Hong, Tsai-ling. Economic integration and trade politics in East Asia, rules of origin and production sharing in East Asia. Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan : Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization, 2006.

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Hampson, Philip Robert Osler. One for you, three for me, or, The design of optimal production sharing rules for a petroleum exploration venture. Cambridge, Mass : Sloan School of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989.

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15

United States. Department of Homeland Security. Office of Inspector General. DHS uses social media to enhance information sharing and mission operations, but additional oversight and guidance are needed. Washington, DC : Department of Homeland Security, Office of Inspector General, 2013.

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16

Court, Philippines Supreme. The revised Rules of court in the Philippines : As amended up to August 22, 2004 : includes related special laws, circulars, orders, resolutions of SC, DOJ, IRCA, Ombudsman, Sandiganbayan, Shari'a courts, NLRC, and SCRA annotations index in remedial law, rules 1-144. 2^e éd. Sta. [i.e. Santa] Cruz, Manila : Published & distributed by Central Book Supply, 2005.

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17

Rasul, Jainal D. Muslim code of the Phillippines : With special rules of procedure in shariah courts : commentaries and jurisprudence. 2^e éd. Q.C. [i.e. Quezon City], Philippines : FedPil Pub., 2003.

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18

Office, General Accounting. VA and Defense health care : Evolving health care systems require rethinking of resource sharing strategies : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013) : The Office, 2000.

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Office, General Accounting. Land management agencies : Revenue sharing payments to states and counties : report to the Honorable Vic Fazio, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : The Office, 1998.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Armed Services, dir. Defense management : Steps taken to better manage fuel demand but additional information sharing mechanisms are needed : report to the Chairman, Committee on Armed Services, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Govt. Accountability Office, 2012.

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21

Regen, Larence Eileen, et United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, dir. Information sharing : Federal agencies are helping fusion centers build and sustain capabilities and protect privacy, but could better measure results : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Govt. Accountability Office, 2010.

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22

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Homeland Security, dir. Information sharing : DHS could better define how it plans to meet its state and local mission and improve performance accountability : report to the Chairman, Committee on Homeland Security, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C.] : U.S. Govt. Accountability Office, 2010.

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23

United States. Government Accountability Office. Border security : Strengthened visa process would benefit from improvements in staffing and information sharing : report to congressional committees. Washington, D.C : United States Government Accountability Office, 2005.

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24

Office, General Accounting. Environmental cleanup at DOD : Better cost-sharing guidance needed at government-owned, contractor-operated sites : report to the Subcommittee on National Security, International Affairs, and Criminal Justice, Committee on Government Reform and Oversight, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C : U.S. General Accounting Office, 1997.

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25

Park, Jong H. An integrated approach to knowledge sharing among heterogeneous rule-based systems. 1990.

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26

Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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Lijphart, Arend. Thinking About Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Routledge, 2007.

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Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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30

Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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31

Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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32

Lijphart, Arend. Thinking about Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Taylor & Francis Group, 2007.

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33

Thinking About Democracy : Power Sharing and Majority Rule in Theory and Practice. Routledge, 2007.

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34

Ciorciari, John D. Sovereignty Sharing in Fragile States. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503613669.001.0001.

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This book examines “sovereignty-sharing” in fragile states, focusing on ventures in which domestic and international actors share authority to provide basic public services and build the rule of law. It examines how and why these ventures are created, designed, and implemented and what determines their perceived legitimacy and effectiveness. The book shows that sovereignty sharing can help address governance gaps under certain conditions, but that apportioning core sovereign functions remains difficult, as national and international partners bring different capacities, norms, and policy priorities. It demonstrates that the political foundations of sovereignty-sharing arrangements are crucial for effective performance, which in turn drives popular support. The book considers case studies of hybrid tribunals in Sierra Leone, Cambodia, and Lebanon; joint policing in Timor-Leste; and anti-corruption initiatives in Guatemala and Liberia. It offers the first comparative assessment of these remarkable efforts to repair ruptures in the rule of law.

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35

Britain, Great. Street Works (Sharing of Costs of Works) Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1998 (Statutory Rule : 1998 : 156). Stationery Office Books, 1998.

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36

South Africa Under Majority Rule : A Study in Power Sharing, Racial Equality and Democracy (African Studies). Edwin Mellen Press, 2000.

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37

Strevens, Michael. Scientific Sharing, Communism, and the Social Contract. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190680534.003.0001.

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Research programs regularly compete to achieve the same goal, such as the discovery of the structure of DNA or the construction of a TEA laser. The more the competing programs share information, the faster the goal is likely to be reached, to society’s benefit. But the “priority rule”—the scientific norm according to which the first program to reach the goal in question must receive all the credit for the achievement—provides a powerful disincentive for programs to share information. How, then, is the clash between social and individual interest resolved in scientific practice? This chapter investigates what Robert Merton called science’s “communist” norm, which mandates universal sharing of knowledge, and uses mathematical models of discovery to argue that a communist regime may be on the whole advantageous and fair to all parties, and so might be implemented by a social contract that all scientists would be willing to sign.

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38

Mueller, Sean. Shared Rule in Federal Theory and Practice. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780191991288.001.0001.

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Abstract This book provides the first ever in-depth treatment of shared rule, a crucial but so far largely neglected dimension of federalism and multilevel governance. The book discusses shared rule’s conceptual evolution and defines three different meanings commonly ascribed to it: shared rule as horizontal cooperation, centralization, or bottom-up influence-seeking. An original expert survey conducted among thirty-eight federalism scholars in eleven countries is used to measure actual as opposed to merely potential regional government influence over national decisions. Drawing on a wide range of literature, from lobbying and political parties to power-sharing and secessionism, the book then investigates the emergence and impact of shared rule thus understood. The evidence presented includes qualitative case studies on Belgium, Canada, Germany, Spain, Switzerland, and the USA as well as quantitative, cross-sectional analyses at regional and national level. The book shows that shared rule has the potential to become the holy grail of territorial politics in that it satisfies both those wanting greater unity and uniformity of policy-making and also those desiring greater regional autonomy and recognition of diversity. Building on the conceptual and empirical groundwork laid by the Regional Authority Index, the book thus takes us further and deeper into the mechanics of territorial contestation, cooperation, and cohesion.

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39

Amendment to the Commission's rules regarding a plan for sharing the cost of microwave relocation : First report and order and further notice of proposed rule making. Washington, D.C : The Office, 1996.

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40

Nine, Cara. Sharing Territories. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833628.001.0001.

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Territorial rights are shared between overlapping political units, not exclusively held by states. This book takes this claim to be both an empirical observation and a philosophical goal. A theory of territorial rights should be able to inform the normative relationship between overlapping territorial units. In order to do this, Nine’s view defends a river model of territorial rights. On a river model, political units are assumed to be interdependent and overlapping. This model stands in contrast to the prevailing desert island model, where political units are assumed to be independent and distinct from each other. Drawing on Pufendorf’s natural law philosophy and feminist theory, Nine’s view argues for the establishment of foundational territories around geographical areas like rivers. Usually lower-scale political entities, foundational territories overlap with and serve as grounding blocks of larger territorial units. Examples of foundational territories include not just river catchment areas but also urban areas, drawn around individuals who hold obligations to collectively manage their surroundings together. Foundational territorial authorities manage spatially integrated areas where agents are interconnected by dense and scaffolded physical circumstances. In these areas, individuals cannot fulfil their natural obligations to each other without the help of collective rules. Because foundational territories overlap the territories of other political units, this book frames a theory of nested and shared territorial rights.

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41

Davies, Anna. Urban Food Sharing : Rules, Tools and Networks. Policy Press, 2019.

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42

Ryan, Eileen. Occupation, War, and the Transformation of the Sanusiyya. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673796.003.0004.

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Fierce opposition to the Italian invasion of Libya in October 1911 demonstrated the fallacies of Insabato’s predictions that a positive Italo-Sanusi relationship would lead to an easy victory. Nevertheless, Italian colonial officials continued to pursue an alliance with the Sanusiyya as a central objective. During World War I Italian and British officials toyed with the idea of exacerbating divisions within the Sanusi family, descendants of the man credited with founding the Sufi order. Rather than negotiating with the recognized head of the Sanusiyya, Ahmed al-Sharif, officials promoted the leadership of his younger cousin, Idris al-Sanusi. In the context of prolonged war, Idris’s negotiations with European officials met with widespread approval among Sanusi elites. For Italian colonial officials, the development of a power-sharing relationship with Idris meant minimizing the Catholic identity of Italian colonial rule, much to the dismay of missionaries and Catholic political interests in Rome.

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Cottage Rules : Owner's Guide to Sharing Recreational Property. Self-Counsel Press, Incorporated, 2011.

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Cottage Rules : Owner's Guide to Sharing Recreational Property. Self-Counsel Press, Incorporated, 2011.

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45

Reed, Judy. Sharing My Beliefs : Discovering Real-Life Witnesses (Faith Rules!). In Celebration, 2004.

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46

Esposito, John L., et Natana J. DeLong-Bas. Shariah. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199325054.001.0001.

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Sharia is by now a term that most Americans and Europeans recognize, though few really understand what it means. Often portrayed as a medieval system used by religious zealots to oppress women and deny human rights, conservative politicians, media commentators, and hardline televangelists stoke fear by promoting the idea that Muslims want to impose a repressive Sharia rule in America and Europe. Despite the breadth of this propaganda, a majority of Muslims-men and women-support Sharia as a source of law. In fact, for many centuries Sharia has functioned for Muslims as a positive source of guidance, providing a moral compass for individuals and society. This critical new book by John L. Esposito and Natana Delong-Bas aims to serve as a guide for what everybody needs to know in the conversation about Sharia, responding to misunderstandings and distortions, and offering answers to questions about the origin, nature, and content of Sharia.

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Ryan, Eileen. Religion as Resistance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673796.001.0001.

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During the Italian occupation of Libya, debates over where Italy should be on the continuum between coercion and collaboration in colonial rule often reflected contentious battles over religious identity in Italian nationalism. These tensions came into sharpest relief in the Italian attempts to develop a power-sharing relationship with elite members of the Muslim Sufi order, the Sanusiyya in eastern Libya. Perceptions of the Sanusiyya as religious fundamentalists suggested to some the utility of emphasizing a shared sense of religious conservatism to “sell” Italian colonial rule. Others, however, argued that only a secular identity in colonial rule would prevent Muslim opposition to Italian occupation. Descriptions of the Sanusiyya in Italian sources therefore reflected their authors’ conflicting interests in projecting a Catholic or secular identity in Italian expansion. Adherents of the Sanusiyya were likewise divided in their responses to Italian colonial rule. In the early stages of the Italian occupation, Sanusi elites recognized the utility of negotiating a position of political authority in relationship to the Italian colonial state. As the fascist regime pushed colonial rule further toward coercion than collaboration (and embraced a Catholic identity in the process) in the 1920s, some Sanusi factions redefined the Sufi order as a force of anticolonial opposition and a nascent nationalist movement. This book explores the shifting relationship between religious and national identity through the process of negotiating colonial rule among both Italian imperialists and Sanusi elites.

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48

Chaisty, Paul, Nic Cheeseman et Timothy J. Power. The Embedded Costs of Power Sharing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817208.003.0003.

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This chapter covers the factors that shape the formation of coalitions in presidential systems. It distinguishes these factors from those that determine coalition formation in parliamentary systems. It focuses particular attention on the distal (legislative parties, institutional rules, electoral dynamics) and proximal (formateur party size and legislative fragmentation) factors. It also specifies how the size, fairness, and heterogeneity of coalitions on ‘Day One’ of a presidential term affect the subsequent task of coalition maintenance. It distinguishes between ‘Day One’ coalitions in terms of high, moderate, or low levels of maintenance, and introduces the fifty-one episodes of coalitional presidentialism that are the focus of discussion in the following chapters.

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Ryan, Eileen. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190673796.003.0007.

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The end of World War II was followed by yet another redefinition of the Sanusiyya. British officials, intent on securing a friendly ally on Egypt’s western border, presented Idris al-Sanusi and the Sanusiyya as a fiercely independent proto-nationalist organization from its very inception. Italian imperialists, hopeful of a return to some form of influence in Muslim North Africa, depicted Idris al-Sanusi as a pro-Western sycophant, weakened by his willingness to negotiate with imperial powers. The postcolonial debates over Idris al-Sanusi’s claims to authority in a nationalist setting reveal the contradictions at the heart of colonial systems of rule in power-sharing relationships.

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Whitehead, Harriet. Food Rules : Hunting, Sharing, and Tabooing Game in Papua New Guinea. University of Michigan Press, 2000.

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