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1
Moratto, Luca. « Ground motion estimation in the eastern-southern alps:from ground motion predictive equations to real-time shake maps ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/2688.
Texte intégralRésumé :
2006/2007Lo scopo di questa tesi di dottorato è la stima del moto forte del suolo nell’area delle Alpi Sud-Orientali. A tal fine sono state proposte delle relazioni empiriche che stimano i parametri del moto in funzione della magnitudo, della distanza dall’epicentro e della classificazione geologica del suolo; successivamente tali relazioni sono state usate per calibrare il software ShakeMaps con il fine di generare in tempo reale le mappe di scuotimento del terreno per la regione Friuli-Venezia Giulia. Le GMPEs (Ground Motion Predictive Equations) per PGA, PGV e SA sono state calcolate nell’area delle Alpi Sud-Orientali utilizzando registrazioni del moto forte del terreno. Sono state selezionate 900 forme d’onde accelerometriche filtrate tra 0.1 Hz e 30 Hz; la distanza epicentrale varia tra 1 km a 100 km, mentre la magnitudo locale, opportunamente calibrata confrontando diversi cataloghi, varia in un intervallo relativamente ampio (3.0 <= ML <= 6.3). Sono stati testati diversi modelli di attenuazione e il miglior risultato è stato individuato utilizzando specifici criteri di valutazione derivanti da considerazioni di carattere statistico (valore di R2, uso dell’ANOVA test, analisi dei residui). I coefficienti del modello finale sono stati determinati oltre che da ML, dalla distanza epicentrale e dagli effetti dovuti al sito, anche dalla saturazione della magnitudo, dalla correlazione tra magnitudo e distanza e dagli effetti di “near-source”. I coefficienti delle GMPEs sono stati calcolati per le componenti verticali ed orizzontali (rappresentata sia con la componente maggiore sia con la somma vettoriale delle due componenti); la tecnica dell’analisi dei gruppi ha permesso di ridurre l’incertezza finale sulle relazioni empiriche. Il confronto con i risultati ottenuti precedentemente evidenzia come le relazioni ottenute in questa tesi abbiano una maggiore attenuazione a basse magnitudo e a grandi distanze; risultati analoghi sono stati ottenuti per le relazioni ricavate dai dati registrati in tutta l’Italia Settentrionale. L’evoluzione recente delle reti sismiche rende oggi disponibile una grossa mole di dati acquisiti in tempo reale, per cui risulta fattibile stimare velocemente lo scuotimento del terreno tramite mappe; il software “ShakeMap” è stato adattato alle Alpi Sud-Orientali implementato allo scopo di ottenere una stabile interfaccia con il sistema di acquisizione dati “Antelope” che garantisca l’estrazione dei parametri del moto dalle forme d’onda e la creazione delle mappe di scuotimento entro 5 minuti dall’evento sismico. Questa procedura richiede una fitta e uniforme distribuzione spaziale degli strumenti di registrazione sul territorio e una classificazione geologica del suolo fatta usando le velocita’ medie, Vs30, dei primi 30m del mezzo immediatamente sotto gli strumenti. La classificazione geologica del suolo prevede la suddivisione in tre categorie (suolo rigido, suolo addensato e suolo soffice) mentre i coefficienti di amplificazione sono stati calcolati usando le relazioni proposte da Borcherdt (1994). Le relative mappe vanno calcolate usando le GMPEs e le relazioni empiriche che legano il moto del terreno all’intensità macrosismica, basate ambedue su dati registrati nella regione alpina. Le GMPEs discusse in precedenza sono state inserite nel software “ShakeMap” per la produzione delle mappe di scuotimento in tempo reale e quasi-reale nell’Italia Nord-Orientale. Per valutare l’effetto della densità di stazioni sulle mappe di scuotimento sono stati calcolati dei sismogrammi sintetici relativi al terremoto di Bovec 2004 variando il passo di griglia e la geometria dei ricevitori. I risultati ottenuti indicano come una distribuzione fitta e uniforme di strumenti sul territorio e una scelta accurata delle dimensioni della griglia dei ricevitori siano cruciali per calibrare le mappe di scuotimento in una ben determinata area geografica. Le mappe di scuotimento del suolo sono state generate per otto terremoti avvenuti nell’area considerata negli ultimi 30 anni; inoltre per gli eventi del Friuli 1976 e Bovec 1998 è stato utilizzato il modello di faglia finita con i parametri di sorgente stimati in precedenti studi. La validazione del modello è stata fatta calcolando il misfit tra le intensità macrosismiche osservate (catalogo DBMI04) e quelle “strumentali” che sono state ottenute dai sismogrammi sintetici tramite relazioni empiriche tra moto del suolo ed intensità. L’analisi è stata fatta per i terremoti del Cansiglio (1936), del Friuli (1976) e di Bovec (1998). I sismogrammi sintetici sono stati calcolati ad una frequenza massima di 10 Hz applicando il modello della riflettività; i parametri del moto sono stati estratti dai segnali sintetici calcolati nelle attuali stazioni di registrazione e successivamente sono state generate le mappe di scuotimento. L’intensità macrosismica “strumentale” è stata ricavata applicando diverse relazioni; il minor misfit è stato ottenuto usando le relazioni proposte da Kästli and Fäh (2006) per tutti e tre i terremoti considerati, il che sembra validare il nostro modello di Shake Maps.
The aim of this PhD thesis is to estimate ground motions in the South-Eastern Alps area. For this purpose we purposed empirical relationships that estimate the ground motion parameters as function of the magnitude, the epicentral distance and the soil geological characterization. Later on these relationships are used to calibrate the ShakeMaps software to generate ground motion shake maps in real time for the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region. The GMPEs (Ground Motion Predictive Equations) for PGA, PGV and SA are computed in the South-Eastern Alps area using strong motion observations. 900 accelerometric waveforms are selected and filtered between 0.1 Hz and 30 Hz; the epicentral distance varies from 1 km to 100 km, while the local magnitude, calibrated by comparison with various catalogues, varies in a relatively wide range (3.0 <= ML <= 6.3). Various attenuation models are tested and the best result is selected by the adoption of specific evaluation criteria derived from statistical considerations (R2 value, ANOVA test, residuals analysis). The coefficients of the final model are determined from ML, the epicentral distance, the site effects, the magnitude saturation, the correlation between the distance and the magnitude and the near-source effects. The coefficients of the GMPEs are computed from vertical and horizontal components (the latter represented both as the largest horizontal component and the vectorial addiction); the cluster analysis reduces the final uncertainties on the empirical relations. The comparison with the previous results evidences that the obtained relationships are characterized by a strong attenuation at low magnitudes and large distances. Similar results are obtained for the relationships derived from data recorded all over Northern Italy. The recent evolution of the seismic networks provides a large number of data, available in real time, so it is possible to quickly estimate shake maps. The “ShakeMap” software has been adapted to the South-Eastern Alps region and implemented to obtain a stable interface with the “Antelope” acquisition system in order to extract the ground motion parameters from the waveforms and the generation of the shake maps within 5 minutes from the earthquake occurrence. This procedure requires a dense and uniform spatial distribution of the recording instruments in the field and a geological classification of the soil derived from the average velocities of the S waves in the first 30m below the recording instruments (Vs30). In the geological classification the soil is divided into three classes (bedrock, stiff soil and soft soil), and the amplification coefficients are computed using the relationships proposed by Borcherdt (1994). The related maps are generated using the GMPEs and the empirical relations that predict the macroseismic intensity from the ground motion, both derived from data observed in the Alpine region. The GMPEs that are obtained in this thesis are inserted in the ShakeMap software to generate shake maps in real time or quasi real time in North-Eastern Italy. To evaluate the effects of the station coverage on the shake maps, synthetic seismograms are computed for the Bovec 2004 earthquake by varying the grid size and the network geometry. The results indicate that a dense and uniform spatial distribution in the field and a careful choice of the grid size are crucial to calibrate the shake maps in a given geographical area. The shake maps are generated for eight earthquakes occurred in the studied area in the last 30 years. Furthermore, the finite-fault model is utilized for the seismic events of the Friuli 1976 and Bovec 1998 selecting the source parameters proposed in previous studies. The model validation is done computing the misfit value between the observed macroseismic data (DBMI04 catalogue) and the “instrumental” intensities that are obtained from the synthetic seismograms using empirical relationships between the ground motion and intensity. This analysis has been done for the earthquakes of Cansiglio (1936), Friuli (1976) and Bovec (1998). The synthetic seismograms are calculated for an upper cutoff frequency of 10 Hz applying the reflectivity model. The ground motion parameters are extracted from synthetic signals computed at the presently operating seismic stations and the shake maps are generated. The macroseismic intensity is derived from various relationships; the lowest misfit is obtained using the relation proposed by Kästli and Fäh (2006) for all considered seismic events and this seem to validate our Shake Maps model.
XX Ciclo
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2
Martin, Stacey L. « Cartography, Discourse, and Disease : How Maps Shape Scientific Thought about Disease ». unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04222005-094353/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Title from title screen. Jeremy Crampton, committee chair; Michael Eriksen, Dona Stewart, committee members. Electronic text (94 p. : ill., maps (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 10, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-94).
3
Motte, Naren. « A STUDY TO EVALUATE NON-UNIFORM PHASE MAPS IN SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS USING FINITE ELEMENT METHOD ». VCU Scholars Compass, 2015. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3986.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The unique thermo-mechanical behavior of Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs), such as their ability to recover the original shape upon heating or being able to tolerate large deformations without undergoing plastic transformations, makes them a good choice for actuators.
This work studies their application in the aerospace and defense industries where SMA components can serve as release mechanisms for gates of enclosures that have to be deployed remotely. This work provides a novel approach in evaluating the stress and heat induced change of phase in a SMA, in terms of the transformation strain tensor. In particular, the FEA tool
ANSYS has been used to perform a 2-D analysis of a Cu-Al-Zn-Mn SMA specimen undergoing a nontraditional loading path in two steps with stress and heating loads. In the first load step, tensile displacement is applied, followed by the second load step in which the specimen is heated while the end displacements are held constant.
A number of geometric configurations are examined under the two step loading path. Strain results are used to calculate transformation strain which provides a quantitative measure of phase at a material point; when transformation strain is zero, the material point is either twinned martensite, or austenite depending on the temperature. Transformation strain value of unity corresponds to detwinned martensite. A value between zero and one indicates mixed phase.
In this study, through two step loading in conjunction with transformation strain calculations, a method for mapping transient non-uniform distribution of phases in an SMA is introduced.
Ability to obtain drastically different phase distributions under same loading path by modifying the geometry is demonstrated. The failure behavior of SMAs can be designed such that the load level the crack initiates and the path it propagates can be customized.
4
Inan, Tolga. « 3d Face Recognition With Local Shape Descriptors ». Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613835/index.pdf.
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This thesis represents two approaches for three dimensional face recognition. In the first approach, a generic face model is fitted to human face. Local shape descriptors are located on the nodes of generic model mesh. Discriminative local shape descriptors on the nodes are selected and fed as input into the face recognition system. In the second approach, local shape descriptors which are uniformly distributed across the face are
calculated. Among the calculated shape descriptors that are discriminative for recognition process are selected and used for three dimensional face recognition.
Both approaches are tested with widely accepted FRGCv2.0 database and experiment protocol. Reported results are better than the state-of-theart systems. Recognition performances for neutral and non-neutral faces are also reported.
5
Moreira, José Antonio da Silva. « Mapas perceptuais e variações na participação de mercado ». reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/2267.
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Previous issue date: 2006-07-18T00:00:00ZA questão do posicionamento de marcas é central ao processo de gerenciamento de marketing, pois produtos e serviços são adquiridos em grande parte em função da imagem que constroem na mente dos consumidores e clientes. Este trabalho busca explorar as relações existentes entre posicionamento de marca, preferências dos indivíduos e comportamento de compra através do tempo. Mais especificamente, ele se propõe a examinar as relações entre distância de uma marca ao ponto ideal num mapa perceptual e sua participação de mercado, e o quanto mudanças nessa distância através do tempo são acompanhadas de ganhos ou perdas de participação de mercado. Nessa tarefa são utilizadas técnicas de análise multivariada como o escalonamento multidimensional, a fim de elaborar os mapas perceptuais, e o mapeamento de preferências, a fim de localizar pontos ideiais nos mapas elaboradas. Também é utilizada a técnica de análise procrusteana, no processo de comparação de diferentes mapas perceptuais. Uma vez determinadas as distâncias das marcas ao ponto ideal e suas variações entre dois momentos no tempo, tais medidas são correlacionadas às participações de mercado das marcas, e suas variações. Os resultados obtidos no estudo empírico indicam que a variável 'distância ao ponto ideal no mapa perceptual' é boa candidata a um indicador de participação de mercado, presente e futura. No entanto, esta distância não se mostra um bom indicador das variações na participação de mercado propriamente ditas. Outro resultado interessante diz respeito ao conceito de equilíbrio entre a ordenação das marcas em função das distâncias ao ponto ideal e ordenação das marcas em função da participação de mercado, sugerindo que quando existe uma discordância nestas ordens, as participações de mercado das mrcas tendem a mudar na direção de reduzir este desequilíbrio.
The matter of brand positioning is central to the process of marketing management, as products and services are purchased a great deal due to the image they build in consumers and clients minds. This work aims to explore the relationships that exist between brand positioning, subject’s preferences and buying behavior across a period of time. More specifically, it proposes itself to examine the relationships between distance of a brand to the ideal point in a perceptual map and its market share, and to what extent changes in the distance of the brand to the ideal point are followed by gains or losses in market share. In this task, multivariate analysis techniques are employed, such as multidimensional scaling, in order to build the perceptual maps, and preference mapping, in order to determine the location of ideal points in the maps. Procrustean analysis is also employed in the process of comparing individual maps to each other. Once determined the distances of brands to the ideal point and its changes across two points in time, these measures are compared to the market share of these brands, and its changes. The results from the empirical study indicate that the variable “distance to the ideal point in a perceptual map” is a good indicator of market share, present and future. However, this distance does not represent a good indicator of the market share changes themselves. Another interesting result relates to the concept of equilibrium between ordering of brands according to distances to the ideal point, and ordering of brands according to market share, suggesting that, when there is disagreement between these two orderings, the market share of the brands tend to shift towards a reduction of this disequilibrium.
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Altizer, Roger Alan Jr. « A grounded legal study of the breakdown of modders' relationships with game companies or legal threats shake moral beds ». Thesis, The University of Utah, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3563390.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This dissertation utilizes law and society research, as well as communication advocacy, to frame analysis and offer an extra-legal solution to conflicts between modders, fans who create new content from existing videogames, and game companies. It utilizes grounded theory and the traditional legal adversarial documentary method to abstract and analyze conflict caused by a cease and desist (C&D) letter sent to Kajar Laboratories concerning Chrono Trigger: Crimson Echoes – Kajar's mod to Square Enix's Chrono Trigger. Through qualitative analysis of websites, forum posts, and blog comments about the C&D this dissertation discovers the grounded theory Legal Threats Break Moral Communities. Utilizing the grounded theory and legal argumentation a critique is made of proposed legal solutions. A nonlegal solution to ameliorate future conflict is then suggested as a means to satisfy both the needs of modders and game companies.
In analyzing the conflict this dissertation illustrates how the threat of law stops modders, disrupts the community, and chills future mods. This dissertation reinforces a regulatory understanding of copyright law arguing limited monopolies on intellectual property serve to advance the arts and sciences. Modding, like many forms of participatory culture, promotes valuable science, technology, engineering, and math through self-learning. Mods promote the original games while also generating new art. The dissertation also shows that both regulatory and proprietary interpretations of copyright law benefit from modding.
Through critique of status quo solutions and analysis of a Microsoft exemplar this dissertation suggests a generic game content usage guide as an extra-legal, feasible solution that advances the goals of all parties involved without requiring legal intervention.
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Cho, Kyung Jin. « Quantification of the normal patellofemoral shape and its clinical applications ». Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80285.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The shape of the knee’s trochlear groove is a very important factor in the overall stability of the knee. However, a quantitative description of the normal three-dimensional geometry of the trochlea is not available in the literature. This is also reflected in the poor outcomes of patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA). In this study, a standardised method for femoral parameter measurements on three-dimensional femur models was established. Using software tools, virtual femur models were aligned with the mechanical and the posterior condylar planes and this framework was used to measure the femoral parameters in a repeatable way. An artificial neural network (ANN), incorporating the femoral parameter measurements and classifications done by experienced surgeons, was used to classify knees into normal and abnormal categories. As a result, 15 knees in the database were classified by the ANN as being normal. Furthermore, the geometry of the normal knees was analysed by fitting B-spline curves and circular arcs on their sagittal surface curves to prove and reconfirm that the groove has a circular shape on a sagittal plane. Self-organising maps (SOM), which is a type of ANN, was trained with the acquired data of the normal knees and in this way the normal trochlear geometry could be predicted. The prediction of the anterior-posterior (AP) distance and the trochlear heights showed an average agreement of 97 % between the actual and the predicted normal geometries. A case study was conducted on four types of trochlear dysplasia to determine a normal geometry for these knees, and a virtual surface reconstruction was performed on them. The study showed that the trochlea was deepened after the surface reconstruction, having an average trochlea depth of 5.5 mm compared to the original average value of 2.9 mm. In summary, this research proposed a quantitative method for describing and predicting the normal geometry of a knee by making use of ANN and the femoral parameters that are unaffected by trochlear dysplasia.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die vorm van die trogleêre keep is ’n belangrike faktor in patella-stabiliteit. Tog is ’n kwantitatiewe beskrywing van die normale driedimensionele geometrie van die troglea nog nie beskikbaar nie, wat duidelik blyk uit die swak uitkomste van patellofemorale artroplastie (PFA). In hierdie studie is ’n gestandaardiseerde metode vir die meting van femorale parameters op grond van driedimensionele femurmodelle ontwikkel. Die femurmodel is in lyn gebring met die meganiese en posterior kondilêre vlak, welke raamwerk gebruik is om die femorale parameters op ’n herhaalbare wyse te meet. Die normale knieë is geklassifiseer met ’n kunsmatige neurale netwerk (ANN), wat die femorale parameter-mate sowel as die chirurgiese klassifikasie ingesluit het, en 15 knieë is gevolglik as normaal aangewys. Die normaleknie-geometrie is ontleed deur B-latkrommes en sirkelboë op die sagittale oppervlak-kurwes aan te bring om te bewys en te herbevestig dat die keep uit ’n sirkelvorm op ’n sagittale vlak bestaan. Die ingesamelde data van die normale knieë is ingevoer by selfreëlende kaarte (SOM), synde ’n soort ANN, wat die navorser in staat gestel het om die normale trogleêre geometrie te voorspel. Die voorspelling van die anterior-posterior (AP) afstand en die trogleêre hoogtes toon ’n gemiddelde ooreenkoms van meer as 97 % tussen die werklike en voorspelde normale geometrie. ’n Gevallestudie is op vier soorte trogleêre displasie uitgevoer om die normale geometrie te voorspel en ’n oppervlakrekonstruksie daarop uit te voer. Hierdie studie het getoon dat die troglea ná oppervlakrekonstruksie verdiep was, met ’n gemiddelde trogleadiepte van 5.5 mm in vergelyking met die aanvanklike gemiddelde waarde van 2.9 mm. Hierdie navorsing het dus ’n metode aan die hand gedoen vir die kwantitatiewe beskrywing en voorspelling van normale geometrie met behulp van ANN sowel as met die femorale parameters wat nie deur die trogleêre displasie geraak word nie.
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Gelfand, Lynn. « Tales, technology, and transformations how different media environments shape the structure, style, and content of folk narratives / ». [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3319906.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Folklore and Ethnomusicology, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 11, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 3267. Adviser: Mary Ellen Brown.
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Sacchi, Elena. « Constraining mass and shape of galaxy clusters through large scale structures ». Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2014. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/7427/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The mass estimation of galaxy clusters is a crucial point for modern cosmology, and can be obtained by several different techniques.
In this work we discuss a new method to measure the mass of galaxy clusters connecting the gravitational potential of the cluster with the kinematical properties of its surroundings. We explore the dynamics of the structures located in the region outside virialized cluster, We identify groups of galaxies, as sheets or filaments, in the cluster outer region, and model how the cluster gravitational potential perturbs the motion of these structures from the Hubble fow. This identification is done in the redshift space where we look for overdensities with a filamentary shape. Then we use a radial mean velocity profile that has been found as a quite universal trend in simulations, and we fit the radial infall velocity profile of the overdensities found. The method has been tested on several cluster-size haloes from cosmological N-body simulations giving results in very good agreement with the true values of virial masses of the haloes and orientation of the sheets. We then applied the method to the Coma cluster and even in this case we found a good correspondence with previous.
It is possible to notice a mass discrepancy between sheets with different alignments respect to the center of the cluster. This difference can be used to reproduce the shape of the cluster, and to demonstrate that the spherical symmetry is not always a valid assumption. In fact, if the cluster is not spherical, sheets oriented along different axes should feel a slightly different gravitational potential, and so give different masses as result of the analysis described before. Even this estimation has been tested on cosmological simulations and then applied to Coma, showing the actual non-sphericity of this cluster.
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Blackwell, Breyanna Marie. « "To Share or Not to Share:" A Study of an Individual's Self-Representation on Instagram in Accordance with Impression Management Theory ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3257.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This research study examined what the motivations and consequences of self-disclosure on Instagram were as well as its correlation with Impression Management Theory. The research used a 37 question survey which was distributed on social media, through the Department of Media and Communication at ETSU as well as a public speaking class. There were 232 participants in this study who were 18 or older and used Instagram. Research found that individuals’ self disclose using levels of relationship management, showing off, information sharing and habitual behavior. Future research includes the opportunity to incorporate a sample of participants across different cultures to analyze the differences in self-disclosure styles on Instagram.
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NAGASAKA, KEN, KOJI TAMAKOSHI, KUNIHIRO MATSUSHITA, HIDEAKI TOYOSHIMA et HIROSHI YATSUYA. « DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDITY OF THE JAPANESE VERSION OF BODY SHAPE SILHOUETTE : RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-RATING SILHOUETTE AND MEASURED BODY MASS INDEX ». Nagoya University School of Medicine, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/10546.
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Christner, Rebecca. « The shape of things : magazine ads and the female body ideal ». Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/816.
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Smidt, Corwin Donald. « The spinning message how news media coverage and voter persuasion shape campaign agenda / ». Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1217332406.
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Huang, Ruqi. « Two contributions to geometric data analysis : filamentary structures approximations, and stability properties of functional approaches for shape comparison ». Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS559/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
En ce moment même, d'énormes quantités de données sont générées, collectées et analysées. Dans de nombreux cas, ces données sont échantillonnées sur des objets à la structure géométrique particulière. De tels objets apparaissent fréquemment dans notre vie quotidienne. Utiliser ce genre de données pour inférer la structure géométrique de tels objets est souvent ardue. Cette tâche est rendue plus difficile encore si les objets sous-jacents sont abstraits ou encore de grande dimension. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéressons à deux problèmes concernant l'analyse géométrique de données. Dans un premier temps, nous nous penchons sur l'inférence de la métrique de structures filamentaires. En supposant que ces structures sont des espaces métriques proches d'un graphe métrique nous proposons une méthode, combinant les graphes de Reeb et l'algorithme Mapper, pour approximer la structure filamentaire via un graphe de Reeb. Notre méthode peut de plus être facilement implémentée et permet de visualiser simplement le résultat. Nous nous concentrons ensuite sur le problème de la comparaison de formes. Nous étudions un ensemble de méthodes récentes et prometteuses pour la comparaison de formes qui utilisent la notion de carte fonctionnelles. Nos résultats théoriques montrent que ces approches sont stables et peuvent être utilisées dans un contexte plus général que la comparaison de formes comme la comparaison de variétés Riemanniennes de grande dimension. Enfin, en nous basant sur notre analyse théorique, nous proposons une généralisation des cartes fonctionnelles aux nuages de points. Bien que cette généralisation ne bénéficie par des garanties théoriques, elle permet d'étendre le champ d'application des méthodes basées sur les cartes fonctionnellesMassive amounts of data are being generated, collected and processed all the time. A considerable portion of them are sampled from objects with geometric structures. Such objects can be tangible and ubiquitous in our daily life. Inferring the geometric information from such data, however, is not always an obvious task. Moreover, it’s not a rare case that the underlying objects are abstract and of high dimension, where the data inference is more challenging. This thesis studies two problems on geometric data analysis. The first one concerns metric reconstruction for filamentary structures. We in general consider a filamentary structure as a metric space being close to an underlying metric graph, which is not necessarily embedded in some Euclidean spaces. Particularly, by combining the Reeb graph and the Mapper algorithm, we propose a variant of the Reeb graph, which not only faithfully approximates the metric of the filamentary structure but also allows for efficient implementation and convenient visualization of the result. Then we focus on the problem of shape comparison. In this part, we study the stability properties of some recent and promising approaches for shape comparison, which are based on the notion of functional maps. Our results show that these approaches are stable in theory and potential for being used in more general setting such as comparing high-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. Lastly, we propose a pipeline for implementing the functional-maps-based frameworks under our stability analysis on unorganised point cloud data. Though our pipeline is experimental, it undoubtedly extends the range of applications of these frameworks
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Beam, Michael A. « Personalized News : How Filters Shape Online News Reading Behavior ». The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1315716858.
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Barta, Jonna Lee. « Media Effects on the Body Shape Ideal and Bulimic Symptomatology in Males ». Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2261/.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This study investigates the impact of sociocultural mediators in relation to eating disorders among male undergraduates. Literature on eating disorders has demonstrated that a thin body shape ideal depicted in the media directly contributes to eating pathology among females, but little research has investigated the direct effects of ideal body shape images among men. The focus of the present investigation was to assess the direct effects of exposure to the ideal male body shape on mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction, and endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. In addition, the relation of these variables to bulimic symptomatology was examined. Modeling a study conducted on women (Stice & Shaw, 1994), male undergraduates between the ages of 18 to 25 participated in premeasure (N = 169) and post measure (N = 95) conditions. Participants in the post measure were randomly exposed to pictures from magazines containing either male models depicting the ideal body shape, an average body or pictures of clothing without models. Results from repeated mulitvariate analysis indicated that exposure to the ideal body shape condition did not demonstrate significant negative changes in mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction or endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. Indirect support for the sociocultural theory of eating disorders was provided by multiple regression analyses which demonstrated that increased body mass, self esteem, stress and anxiety predicted bulimic symptomatology in men. Future research should direct itself toward investigating possible sociocultural influences of eating disorders on certain male subenvironments, such as athletes or homosexual males that place a greater emphasis on maintaining lower body mass and an ideal body shape.
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Fraser, Jocelyn. « Corporate responsibility and advocacy conviction : how the forces of passion and reason shape contemporary industrial issues / ». Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2006. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2719.
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Перегудов, Олег Миколайович, Олег Николаевич Перегудов et Oleh Mykolaiovych Perehydov. « Моделирование физических процессов формирования аналитического сигнала секторных магнитных и времяпролётных масс-спектометров ». Thesis, Изд-во СумГУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/24866.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Дисертаційна робота присвячена розробленню та апробації узагальненої математичної моделі форми піка для безпосереднього
отримання кількісної інформації з аналітичного сигналу секторних магнітних та часопролітних мас-спектрометрів у задачах автоматизованої обробки мас-спектрів.
На базі узагальненої моделі розроблено методику аналізу ізотопного складу зразків, яка полягає в обчисленні площі піків і може застосовуватися, наприклад, у випадках недостатньої роздільної здатності мас-спектрометра або під час аналізу багатокомпонентних сумішей.
Запропоновано методики оцінки якості фокусування іонно-оптичної системи секторного магнітного мас-спектрометра та вимірювання точної маси іонів.
Експериментально показано, що на точність оцінок форми аналітичного сигналу суттєво впливають перехідні процеси детектора, а також ефекти зменшення ширини профілю пучка при збільшенні маси іонів.
Чіткий фізичний сенс параметрів моделі дає можливість безпосередньо досліджувати фізичні процеси формування іонів в іонних джерелах часопролітних мас-спектрометрів.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/24866Диссертационная работа посвящена разработке и апробации обобщённой модели формы пика для непосредственного извлечения количественной информации из аналитического сигнала сек- торных магнитных и времяпролётных масс-спектрометров. Математическая модель построена в аналитическом виде путём решения интегрального уравнения, описывающего процесс регистрации ионного тока пучка детектором масс-спектрометра. Модель позволяет учитывать эффекты изменения формы пика в зависимости от его положения на шкале масс, а также особенности распределения плотности ионов в поперечном сечении (или вдоль) пучка. Параметры обобщённой модели характеризуют реальные физические величины: площадь пика, положение пика на шкале масс, ширину и степень асимметрии распределения плотности ионов в поперечном сечении или вдоль пучка, а также некоторые аппаратные характеристики используемого детектора и масс-анализатора. На базе обобщённой модели разработана методика анализа изотопного состава образцов, основанная на вычислении площади пиков, которая может применяться, например, в случаях недостаточной разрешающей способности масс-спектрометра или при анализе многокомпонентных смесей. Предложены методики оценки качества фокусировки ионно- оптической системы секторного магнитного масс-спектрометра и измерения точной массы ионов, которые основаны на восстановлении первичной функции распределения плотности ионов в попе- речном сечении (или вдоль) пучка. Экспериментально показано, что на точность оценок формы аналитического сигнала существенно влияют переходные процессы детектора, а также эффекты уменьшения ширины профиля пучка при увеличении массы ионов. Для уменьшения этого влияния необходимо тщательно контролировать скорость сканирования масс- спектров секторных магнитных масс-спектрометров. Чёткий физический смысл параметров модели даёт возможность непосредственно исследовать физические процессы формирования ионов в источниках ионов времяпролётных масс-спектрометров. Результаты проведённого исследования впервые позволили создать программное обеспечение для автоматической регистрации и обработки экспериментальных масс-спектров, которое не требует вмешательства оператора в процесс извлечения количественных оценок аналитического сигнала. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/24866
The thesis is devoted to the development and testing of the generalized mathematical model of the peak shape for direct extraction of the quantitative information from the analytical signal of sector magnetic and time-of-flight mass spectrometers in the tasks of automatic mass spectra processing. On the base of generalized model the analyzing method of isotopic composition was developed; the method presupposes the calculation of the peak area and could be applied, for example, in the cases of insufficient resolution of a mass spectrometer or for the analysis of the multicomponental mixtures. The methods of the focusing quality of an ion-optical system of a sector magnetic mass spectrometer to be estimated and accurate mass of ions to be measured were proposed. It was experimentally proved that the accuracy of the estimates of the analytical signal depends on the transient processes in the detector, and on the effects of beam profile narrowing as mass of ions increases. Distinct physical meaning of the model parameters allows physical processes of the ion formation in ion sources of time-of-flight mass spectrometers to be investigated directly. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/24866
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Wang, Tao-Chin Lin. « Part I : Dispersion versus absorption (DISPA) line shape analysis. Part II : Ion trajectories and excitation techniques in fourier transform ion cyclotron mass spectrometry / ». The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487260135355759.
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Verma, Tarishi. « The Legitimacy of Online Feminist Activism : Subversion of Shame in Sexual Assault by Reporting it on Social Media ». Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1617396334881314.
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Means, Daniel Eric. « Identification of Physical Changes to a Steel Frame ». DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2010. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/246.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The thesis utilized physical testing and computer modeling to determine the feasibility of identifying a change to the mass or stiffness of a steel frame. Physical testing was performed using an accelerometer, linear shaker, and arbitrary function generator. Two methods of laboratory testing were developed: ambient vibration testing (AVT) and forced vibration testing (FVT). AVT was able to preliminarily identify the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the frame. FVT was able to precisely identify four distinct natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios. The baseline frame then underwent two physical changes: the addition of mass to its roof, and the addition of braces along one of its sides. FVT was used again to determine the natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios of the newly changed structure.
An ETABS computer model was developed to represent the frame. This baseline model produced natural frequencies and mode shapes that closely matched the values determined by FVT. The mass and stiffness of this baseline model were then changed multiple times through the addition of mass and braces at various locations on the model. The frequencies and mode shapes were recorded for each change.
Two methods were developed to identify the changes to the steel frame. The first method was able to determine which one of the models best represented a single change to the structure (adding mass to its roof). The second method was able to determine the combination of models that best represented the two concurrent changes to the structure (adding mass to its roof and braces to its sides). Both methods utilized the percent differences of each altered computer model relative to the original, and each method satisfactorily identified its respective physical alteration.
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Coertze, Sara Louise. « An investigation into the perceptions of youths in early adolescence concerning the role a child’s body shape plays in bullying ». Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25635.
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Obesity has become a global pandemic that not only affects adults, but also children and adolescents. It has been found that obesity among children and adolescents has emotional, social, physical and psychological ramifications, one of which is bullying. Very little has been written on the effects obesity in early adolescence has on bullying behaviour in a South African context. For this reason the researcher deemed it necessary to study the perceptions of youths in early adolescence with regard to obesity and bullying. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 35 early adolescents from the Brooklyn policing precinct in the east of Pretoria. The data were assessed through content and interpretative phenomenological analysis. Thus the researcher tried to capture the essence of each individual interview. Several themes emerged from the data analysis, of which the most noteworthy were what youths in early adolescence perceive as bullying; the influence of bullying on behaviour; a general overview of perpetrators and victims of bullying; and the correlation between an early adolescent’s body shape and victimisation. The findings give insight into how obese young adolescents are perceived and treated by their peers. Furthermore, the findings elucidate what early adolescents perceive as bullying and possible reasons for such behaviour. By identifying the perceptions held by early adolescents, programmes can be implemented to address these stereotypes, thus decreasing the potential victimisation of overweight/obese youths in early adolescence.Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
Social Work and Criminology
unrestricted
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Cerniglia, Luca, Silvia Cimino, Michela Erriu, Stanislav Jezek, Carlos A. Almenara et Renata Tambelli. « Trajectories of aggressive and depressive symptoms in male and female overweight children : Do they share a common path or do they follow different routes ? » PLoS ONE, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622524.
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The prevalence of childhood overweight is a major social and public health issue, and primary
assessment should focus on early and middle childhood, because weight gain in these
phases constitutes a strong predictor of subsequent negative outcomes. Studies on community
samples have shown that growth curves may follow linear or non-linear trajectories
from early to middle childhood, and can differ based on sex. Overweight children may exhibit
a combination of physiological and psychosocial issues, and several studies have demonstrated
an association between overweight and internalizing/externalizing behavior. Nevertheless,
there is a dearth of longitudinal studies on depressive and aggressive symptoms in
children with high BMI. This study adopted a growth curve modeling over three phases to:
(1) describe BMI trajectories in two groups of children aged 2±8 (overweight and normal
weight) from a community sample; (2) describe the developmental trajectories of children's
aggressive and depressive symptoms from 2 to 8 years of age. Results indicate higher BMI
in 2-year-old girls, with males catching up with them by age 8. While overweight females'
BMIs were consistently high, males' increased at 5 and 8 years. The mean scores for
aggressive symptoms at T1 (2 years of age) were the same in all subjects, but a significant
deviation occurred from T1 to T2 in both samples, in divergent directions. With regards to
children's depressive symptoms, the two groups had different starting points, with normal
weight children scoring lower than overweight youths. Overweight females showed lower
depressive scores than overweight males at T1, but they surpassed boys before T2, and
showed more maladaptive symptoms at T3. This study solicits professionals working in
pediatric settings to consider overweight children's psychopathological risk, and to be aware
that even when children's BMI does not increase from 2 to 8 years, their psychopathological
symptoms may grow in intensity.
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Lopes, Nahara Rodrigues Laterza. « Trauma craniano violento pediátrico : estratégias de avaliação e prevenção ». Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2017. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/9079.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
The present dissertation is composed of a compendium of four scientific papers with the common theme of prevention of abusive head trauma (AHT), a serious type of infant maltreatment. The first article describes a review of the Brazilian and international literature on the main strategies of AHT prevention. A total of 34 articles describing 20 initiatives to prevent AHT were selected, five of which aimed at reducing infant crying, three aimed at caregiver’s emotional regulation, and 12 aimed at raising parents and caregivers’ awareness on AHT. Among them, parental education about infant crying and risks of shaking a baby stands out for its empirical evidence. The second article describes the process of elaboration and assessment of validity evidence based on internal structure of the Attitudes towards an Infant Crying Scale, developed for evaluation of parental attitude towards the baby's crying during the first months of life. After exploratory factor analysis, the final version of the scale was composed of 50 items, divided into six components: Consequences of Shaking the Baby, Welfare of the Caregiver, Strategies Targeting the Baby, Strategies Targeting the Caregiver, Beliefs about Baby Care and Characteristics of Infant Crying. The scale appears to be promising with respect to the objective of evaluating the attitude of parents and caregivers about infant crying and in evaluating AHT prevention programs. The third study describes the evaluation of a brief intervention to increase knowledge on AHT among parents of children up to two years old. A total of 254 parents who attended pregnancy or puerperal groups in six municipalities in the State of São Paulo participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two conditions: Experimental Group (EG) or a waiting list Control Group (CG). The intervention involved showing an educational video and reading a pamphlet on AHT. To measure parental knowledge, the Attitudes towards the Infant Crying Scale was used. An increase in participants' knowledge about consequences of shaking, caregiver’s wellbeing, caregiver strategies to deal with crying, beliefs about infant care and about characteristics of infant crying were observed in the EG at posttest. Finally, the fourth article describes the evaluation of a training program for Health Care professionals about AHT. The training consisted of a four-unit course (two hours per unit), in which the topics of family violence, child abuse, abusive head trauma and prevention strategies were addressed. A total of 13 professionals from Basic Health Units from a city in the State of São Paulo participated in the study. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: Experimental Group (EG) and a Wait-List Control Group (CG). The experimental design for the EG was pre-test - intervention - post-test - follow-up and for the CG was pre-test 1 - pre-test 2 - post-test - intervention. The Attitudes towards the Infant Crying Scale was used. After training, participants' knowledge about caregiver strategies to deal with crying related to caregiver and to baby and characteristics of infant crying increased for EG participants. The increase in knowledge about caregiver strategies to deal with crying related to caregiver and characteristics of infant crying was maintained at follow-up, suggesting the effectiveness of this training in increasing knowledge on AHT among health professionals.
A presente tese é composta por um compêndio de quatro artigos científicos que têm como temática comum a prevenção do trauma craniano violento (TCV), uma forma grave de maustratos contra bebês. O primeiro artigo descreve uma revisão da literatura nacional e internacional sobre as principais estratégias de prevenção do TCV. Foram selecionados 34 artigos que descreviam 20 iniciativas para prevenção do TCV, sendo que cinco tinham como objetivo reduzir o choro nos primeiros meses de vida, três visavam a regulação emocional do cuidador e 12 visavam aumentar a sensibilização de pais sobre esta forma de maus-tratos. Dentre estas estratégias, a educação parental sobre o choro nos primeiros meses de vida e os riscos de sacudir um bebê se destacou por suas evidências empíricas de efetividade. O segundo artigo descreve o processo de elaboração e investigação das evidências de validade com base na estrutura interna da Escala de Atitudes frente ao Choro do Bebê, desenvolvida para avaliação da atitude de pais frente ao choro do bebê nos primeiros meses de vida. Após análise fatorial exploratória, a escala ficou composta por 50 itens divididos em seis fatores, sendo eles: Consequências de Sacudir o Bebê, Estratégias para Bem-Estar do Cuidador, Estratégias para lidar com Choro relacionadas ao Bebê, Estratégias para lidar com o Choro relacionadas ao Cuidador, Crenças sobre o Cuidado do Bebê e Características do Choro do Bebê. A escala parece ser um instrumento promissor para avaliar a atitude de pais e cuidadores sobre o choro do bebê nos primeiros meses de vida e para ser utilizado na avaliação de programas de prevenção do TCV. O terceiro estudo que compõe a presente tese descreve a avaliação da eficácia de uma intervenção breve para o aumento de conhecimento sobre o TCV entre pais de crianças com até dois anos. Participaram do estudo 254 pais de crianças com até dois anos que frequentavam grupos de gestantes ou de puerpério em seis municípios do Estado de São Paulo. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Experimental (GE) e Controle de Espera (GC), sendo que o delineamento experimental para o GE foi pré-teste – intervenção - pós-teste - follow-up e para o GC foi préteste 1 – pré-teste 2 – intervenção. A intervenção consistiu na exibição de um vídeo educativo e leitura de um panfleto sobre a SBS. Para avaliação do conhecimento foi utilizado a Escala de Atitudes Frente ao Choro do Bebê. Foi observado aumento do conhecimento dos participantes sobre as consequências de se sacudir o bebê, o bem-estar do cuidador, as estratégias para lidar com o choro do bebê relacionadas ao cuidador, as crenças sobre o cuidado do bebê e as características do choro do bebê nos primeiros meses de vida. Este aumento do conhecimento foi mantido após um mês da intervenção, sugerindo sua efetividade. Por fim, o quarto artigo descreve a avaliação de um curso de capacitação a profissionais da Atenção Básica em Saúde sobre o TCV. A capacitação consistiu em um curso de quatro módulos com duas horas de duração cada, em que foram abordadas as temáticas da violência intrafamiliar, maus-tratos infantis, trauma craniano violento e estratégias de prevenção. Participaram do estudo 13 profissionais de Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do Estado de São Paulo. Os participantes foram divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: Grupo Experimental (GE) e Grupo Controle de Espera (GC), de modo que o delineamento para o GE foi pré-teste – intervenção – pós-teste – follow-up e para o GC foi pré-teste 1 – pré-teste 2 - pós-teste – intervenção. Para avaliação do conhecimento dos profissionais foi utilizado a Escala de Atitudes Frente ao Choro do Bebê. Ao final da avaliação, foi observado aumento do conhecimento dos participantes sobre as estratégias para lidar com o choro do bebê relacionadas ao bebê e ao cuidador e as características do choro do bebê nos primeiros meses de vida. Foi observada a manutenção do aumento de conhecimento sobre as estratégias para lidar com o choro relacionadas ao cuidador e as características do choro do bebê, sugerindo a efetividade da capacitação em aumentar o conhecimento dos profissionais sobre o TCV.
FAPESP: 2012/25234-1
FAPESP: 2014/15300-2
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Barros, Mário Ilídio Pinto Lima. « Mass customisation in the firniture design industry ». Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10732.
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Romero, Joshua Paul. « The effects of priming body shape on men’s selective exposure to magazine advertising featuring models with ideal and non-ideal body shapes : A social comparison approach ». The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211985495.
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Doerfler, Amy M. « Part I : Mass for Full Orchestra and SATB Chorus Part II : Joseph Funk's A Compilation of Genuine Church Music (1832) : An Analysis of Music and Methods ». Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1310584998.
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Donders, Hanna Tiare. « The Relationship between Rock Mass Conditions and Alteration and Weathering of the Lower Hamersley Group Iron Formations, Western Australia ». Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Geological Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4458.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Pilbara region of Western Australia hosts the Hamersley Province, an area of abundant iron ore resources located in the lower Hamersley Groups, Brockman and Marra Mamba Iron Formations. This study consists of a geotechnical and a geochemical and mineralogical investigation into the Banded Iron Formation (BIF) and shale deposits of the lower Hamersley Group that reside in the pit walls of RTIO mines in Western Australia. Areas throughout Tom Price, Paraburdoo, Marandoo and West Angelas iron ore mines are geotechnically investigated for rock mass conditions through the use of the Slope Mass Rating (SMR) classification system and through point load and slake durability testing. Selected samples from these areas were then geochemically and mineralogically tested by X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and microscopic analysis, to determine the geochemical and mineralogical changes of BIF and shale as they alter and weather through hypogene and supergene alteration and Recent weathering. It was found that the most efficient method for determining the alteration and/or weathering of lower Hamersley Group BIF and shale deposits was by the use of a chemical alteration index, calculated from enriched and depleted major elements in the BIF and shale as they alter and weather. It has been suggested here that this Pilbara Iron alteration index can be calculated efficiently and effectively from geochemical testing in intervals down boreholes throughout future or developing open pit mines to assist in estimating slope stability conditions. It is also suggested that many boreholes should be analysed in section or in 3D space to create cross sections or block models showing the varying extent of alteration and weathering throughout the area being studied. From the geotechnical investigation, it was found that the weakest region, in terms of pit slope stability, were the highly and extremely altered and/or weathered regions with Pilbara Iron alteration indices of between 61 and 80, and 81 and 100, respectively. If these zones are identified, slope stability analysis can be focused on these geotechnically vulnerable areas. Slope stability analysis should be completed by using a suitable technique, such as by the use of SMR, which, along with other risk identification measures, will identify potentially unstable areas and suggest the required course of action. Further hazard and risk analysis should be undertaken in potentially unstable areas and remedial measures undertaken as appropriate. Thereby, the Pilbara Iron alteration index can be used in the Hamersley Province as a predictive tool for pit slope stability.
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Mekaouche, Adel. « Conception et analyse d'un robot flexible à rigidité active au moyen d'un alliage à mémoire de forme ». Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22676/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
La rigidité est un des objectifs de performance les plus importants pris en compte lors de la conception de systèmes robotiques. Le contrôle de la raideur physique en cours de tâche est une problématique scientifique en plein essor dans le cadre de la conception innovante de robots à forte polyvalence. L’association d’une structure robotique compliante et d’un composant en alliage à mémoire de forme (AMF) est réalisée dans le but d’obtenir des cartes de compliance variables dans le temps sur un même espace de travail. Les AMF sont en effet des matériaux actifs qui possèdent des caractéristiques comportementales pouvant être exploitées dans cette application. La structure considérée pour l’étude n’a pas de degré de liberté interne mais sa déformation permet de créer un pseudo-espace de travail. Celui-ci diffère selon l’état activé/non-activé de l’AMF. L’intersection des deux espaces obtenus représente alors les positions de l’effecteur où il est possible d’avoir des valeurs de compliance différentes. Les cartes obtenues montrent des caractéristiques intéressantes pour la perspective de la conception de robots polyvalents ayant une nouvelle forme de reconfigurabilité basée sur le changement de propriétés matériellesThe rigidity is one of the most important performance targets which is taken into account for the design of robotic systems. The control of the physical stiffness during industrial tasks is a scientific issue which is rapidly expanding in the context of the innovative design of highly polyvalent robots. The combination of a compliant robotic structure and a shape memory alloy (SMA) component is carried out in the aim of obtaining variable compliance maps over time and in the same workspace. SMAs are actually active materials with specific thermomechanical properties which can be used in this application. The considered structure has no internal degree of freedom, but the deformation of the arms allows the creation of a “Pseudo-Workspace” (PWS). This PWS varies as a function of the activated/non-activated state of the SMA component. The intersection of the two obtained PWSs represents the effector’s positions where it is possible to have different compliance values. Generated maps show interesting characteristics in the perspective of the design of polyvalent robots based on a new type of reconfigurability (change of material properties)
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Deák, Jaromír. « Registrace fotografií do 3D modelu terénu ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-363795.
Texte intégralRésumé :
This work refers existing solutions and options for the task registration of photos to 3D model based on the previous knowledge of the geographic position of the camera. The contribution of the work are new ways and possibilities of the solution with the usage of graph algorithms. In this area, the work interests are useful points of interest detection in input data, a construction of graphs and graph matching possibilities.
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Dalstad, Linnea, et Edona Maloku. « Hederskultur i ungdomslitteratur : – en analys av fyra skönlitterära böcker om hedersproblematik och hur de kan användas i skolundervisning ». Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67422.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Uppsatsen analyserar Christina Wahldéns bok Fallen flicka (2009), Arkan Asaads bok Stjärnlösa nätter (2011) och Mats Berggrens två böcker Det finns inga skridskor i öknen (2003) och Din syster måste dö (2017). Böckerna behandlar hederskultur och dess problematik. Syftet med analysen är att undersöka hur hedersproblematik framställs i ungdomslitteratur och hur skönlitteratur kan användas i undervisningen för att upplysa elever om hederskultur och olika levnadsvillkor. Uppsatsen analyserar de roller som framställs i den valda litteraturen ur olika perspektiv. Det finns delade meningar huruvida hedersvåld som begrepp bör användas eller inte och det finns flera teorier om begreppet hederskultur och dess innebörd. Den analyserade litteraturen kopplas samman med Läroplanen för grundskolan, fritidshemmet och förskoleklassen 2011 som tydligt visar att eleverna ska utveckla förståelse för olika människor och kulturer. Analysen visar att det finns ungdomslitteratur som handlar om hedersproblematik men att det främst fokuseras på flickors livssituation samtidigt som pojkars perspektiv ej synliggörs i samma utsträckning. Analysen problematiserar också hur författarna framställer de olika karaktärerna och vad det kan få för konsekvenser.
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Rivollier, Séverine. « Analyse d’image geometrique et morphometrique par diagrammes de forme et voisinages adaptatifs generaux ». Thesis, Saint-Etienne, EMSE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EMSE0575/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les fonctionnelles de Minkowski définissent des mesures topologiques et géométriques d'ensembles, insuffisantes pour la caractérisation, des ensembles différents pouvant avoir les mêmes fonctionnelles. D'autres fonctionnelles de forme, géométriques et morphométriques, sont donc utilisées. Un diagramme de forme, défini grâce à deux fonctionnelles morphométriques, donne une représentation permettant d'étudier les formes d'ensembles. En analyse d'image, ces fonctionnelles et diagrammes sont souvent limités aux images binaires et déterminés de manière globale et mono-échelle. Les Voisinages Adaptatifs Généraux (VAG) simultanément adaptatifs avec les échelles d'analyse, structures spatiales et intensités des images, permettent de pallier ces limites. Une analyse locale, adaptative et multi-échelle des images à tons de gris est proposée sous forme de cartographies des fonctionnelles de forme à VAG.Les VAG, définis en tout point du support spatial d'une image à tons de gris, sont homogènes par rapport à un critère d'analyse représenté dans un modèle vectoriel, suivant une tolérance d'homogénéité. Les fonctionnelles de forme calculées pour chaque VAG de l'image définissent les cartographies des fonctionnelles de forme à VAG. Les histogrammes et diagrammes de ces cartographies donnent des distributions statistiques des formes des structures locales de l'image contrairement aux histogrammes classiques qui donnent une distribution globale des intensités de l'image. L'impact de la variation des critères axiomatiques des VAG est analysé à travers ces cartographies, histogrammes et diagrammes. Des cartographies multi-échelles sont construites, définissant des fonctions de forme à VAGMinkowski functionals define set topological and geometrical measurements, insufficient for the characterization, because different sets may have the same functionals. Thus, other shape functionals, geometrical and morphometrical are used. A shape diagram, defined thanks to two morphometrical functionals, provides a representation allowing the study of set shapes. In quantitative image analysis, these functionals and diagrams are often limited to binary images and achieved in a global and monoscale way. The General Adaptive Neighborhoods (GANs) simultaneously adaptive with the analyzing scales, the spatial structures and the image intensities, enable to overcome these limitations. The GAN-based Minkowski functionals are introduced, which allow a gray-tone image analysis to be realized in a local, adaptive and multiscale way.The GANs, defined around each point of the spatial support of a gray-tone image, are homogeneous with respect to an analyzing criterion function represented in an algebraic model, according to an homogeneity tolerance. The shape functionals computed on the GAN of each point of the spatial support of the image, define the so-called GAN-based shape maps. The map histograms and diagrams provide statistical distributions of the shape of the gray-tone image local structures, contrary to the classical histogram that provides a global distribution of image intensities. The impact of axiomatic criteria variations is analyzed through these maps, histograms and diagrams. Thus, multiscale maps are built, defining GAN-based shape functions
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Lopes, Nahara Rodrigues Laterza. « Trauma craniano violento : conhecimento parental e avaliação de material informativo ». Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2013. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/6038.
Texte intégralRésumé :
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Previous issue date: 2013-02-07Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos
This dissertation is a compendium of four scientific papers. Each paper describes a stage of the study, with the final goal of evaluating the effectiveness of different materials to increase parents knowledge on abusive head trauma. The first paper describes a review of national and international literature, which aimed to give a current overview of abusive head trauma (AHT). According to the review, AHT can be defined as injury to the skull and intracranial contents to a child due to a sudden unintentional impact and/or a violent shaking. It occurs mainly with babies and children under 1 year of age and can result in serious consequences for children's development, including death. Although there are specific signs for this type of abuse, it can be mistaken for common child illnesses or accidental head trauma. Thus, it is essential that health professionals are trained for the correct diagnosis. One of the main factors associated with its occurrence is the baby crying, which highlights the need for intervention with parents in order to teach them about child development and safe strategies to deal with the baby. The second paper aimed to investigate the knowledge of newborn parents about some characteristics associated with AHT, such as the pattern of the infant crying in the first months of life, strategies to deal with the crying baby and the consequences of shaking a baby. The results indicated a lack of knowledge about the severity of shaking a baby, as well as a possible Brazilian belief that babies should not be left crying alone. In this sense, there is a need for these issues to be addressed in AHT prevention efforts. The third paper aimed to investigate the belief of Brazilian parents about corporal punishment to infants, and its possible relation with abusive head trauma. As opposed to the international literature, participants of this study did not consider shaking as an appropriate strategy to discipline the baby, agreeing more with this strategy when it aimed to sooth the baby. Furthermore, the results indicated that the caregivers evaluation about the strategy s harm potential seems to influence its adoption in discipline and soothing contexts. Finally, the last paper describes the evaluation of the effectiveness of three different informational materials to increase knowledge of Brazilian parents about this type of abuse. The materials consisted of a video on abusive head trauma, a pamphlet individually read on the AHT, and a video on child safety, unrelated to AHT and used for comparison purposes. The results suggest that reading the pamphlet could be a useful strategy in prevention programs, since it increased participants' knowledge about the severity of shaking a baby, as well as the likelihood of using strategies to distance themselves from the baby when stressed by the crying. Although less significant, the results of the group who watched the video on the AHT also indicated an increase in knowledge about the average number of daily hours of baby crying. It is hoped that the results found in this dissertation will guide future AHT preventive efforts in Brazil.
A presente dissertação foi escrita no formato de um compêndio de quatro textos científicos. Cada artigo descreve uma etapa do estudo, que teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia de diferentes materiais informativos para aumentar o conhecimento de pais de recém-nascidos sobre o trauma craniano violento pediátrico. O primeiro artigo descreve uma revisão da literatura nacional e internacional, que teve como objetivo traçar um panorama atual do trauma craniano violento (TCV). De acordo com a revisão, o TCV pode ser definido como a lesão ao crânio ou ao conteúdo intracraniano de uma criança devido a um impacto brusco intencional e/ou a uma sacudida violenta. Ocorre principalmente com bebês e crianças menores de 1 ano de idade e pode resultar em consequências graves ao desenvolvimento infantil, incluindo a morte. Apesar de haver sinais específicos para esta forma de maus-tratos, eles podem se confundir com doenças comuns em crianças ou traumas cranianos acidentais. Deste modo, torna-se imprescindível o preparo clínico dos profissionais de saúde para o diagnóstico correto. Um dos principais fatores associados à sua ocorrência é o choro do bebê, destacando a necessidade de intervenção com pais no sentido de ensiná-los sobre desenvolvimento infantil e estratégias seguras para lidar com o bebê. O segundo artigo visou investigar o conhecimento de pais de recém-nascidos sobre algumas características associadas a esta forma de maus-tratos, tais como o padrão do choro do bebê nos primeiros meses de vida, as estratégias para lidar com o choro e as consequências de sacudi-lo. Os resultados indicaram um desconhecimento dos participantes sobre a gravidade de se sacudir um bebê, bem como uma possível crença brasileira de que os bebês não devem ser deixados chorando sozinho. Neste sentido, destaca-se a necessidade dessas questões serem contempladas nas ações de prevenção do TCV. O terceiro artigo objetivou investigar a crença de pais brasileiros sobre a punição corporal em bebês e sua possível relação com o trauma craniano violento. Diferentemente do que aponta a literatura internacional, os participantes do presente estudo não consideraram o sacudir como uma estratégia adequada para disciplinar o bebê, obtendo maior concordância quando avaliada em seu potencial tranquilizador. Além disso, os resultados indicaram que a avaliação que os cuidadores fazem do potencial prejudicial de determinada estratégia parece influenciar sua adoção no cuidado com o bebê, tanto para acalmá-lo, quanto para discipliná-lo. Por fim, o último artigo descreve a avaliação da eficácia de três materiais informativos diferentes para o aumento do conhecimento de pais brasileiros sobre essa forma de maus-tratos. Os materiais consistiram em um vídeo sobre o trauma craniano violento, um panfleto sobre o TCV e um vídeo sobre segurança infantil, que não abordava o TCV e foi utilizado como comparação. Os resultados sugerem que o e leitura individual do panfleto pode ser uma estratégia útil em programas de prevenção, uma vez que a mesma aumentou o conhecimento dos participantes sobre a gravidade de sacudir um bebê, bem como a probabilidade de utilizarem estratégias de se afastar do bebê, quando estressados pelo choro. Apesar de menos expressivos, os resultados do grupo que assistiu ao vídeo sobre o TCV também indicaram um aumento no conhecimento sobre o número médio diário de horas de choro do bebê. Espera-se que os resultados encontrados na presente dissertação possam fornecer embasamento para futuras ações de prevenção dessa forma de maus-tratos.
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Avci, Onur. « Effects of Bottom Chord Extensions on the Static and Dynamic Performance of Steel Joist Supported Floors ». Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29432.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of bottom chord extensions on deflections and vibration characteristics of joist supported floor systems when joist bottom chord extensions are installed. To understand the effect of bottom chord extensions on deflections, natural frequency, damping, mode shape and effective mass, extensive analytical and experimental studies were conducted on single span and three span joist supported laboratory footbridges with different bottom chord extension configurations. Finite element computer models were created to simulate and compare the results of stiffness and vibration tests. Testing was done with a) the bottom chord extensions in-place before the concrete was placed, b) with all or part of the bottom chord extensions removed, and c) after the bottom chord extensions had been reinstalled with jacking for the single span footbridge and without jacking for the three-span footbridge.
Results from the stiffness tests indicate that re-installing the bottom chord extensions to the joists of the single span footbridge with cured concrete with the center of the span raised helps to reduce the uniform load deflections to some extent, but not as much as placing the bottom chord extensions before the concrete placement. Likewise, for the three span footbridge, placing the bottom chord extensions before the concrete placement is observed to be a better solution.
Results from the dynamic tests indicate that the effect of bottom chord extensions on the single span footbridge is consistent for natural frequency, 20 psf live load deflections, sinusoidal excitations with high amplitudes, quarter point heel drop excitations, walking excitations, and effective mass values. The effect of bottom chord extensions on the three span footbridge is consistent for the natural frequency and 20 psf deflections. However, the FRF (Frequency Response Function) peaks of chirp, heel drop, sinusoidal excitations, accelerations from walking data, and the MEScope and Finite Element model effective mass results do not follow a common trend.
It can be concluded that even though the footbridge was stiffened by the bottom chord extensions, that does not necessarily mean that the acceleration levels, and hence the frequency response function peaks, decrease. However, bottom chord extensions do increase the natural frequencies for all the three governing bending modes.Ph. D.
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Manea, Vladimir. « Penning-trap mass measurements of exotic rubidium and gold isotopes for a mean-field study of pairing and quadrupole correlations ». Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112246/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Les noyaux les plus complexes sont situés entre les nombres magiques et les médianes des espaces de valence, dans des régions connues pour les changements abrupts des observables nucléaires. Dans ces régions appelées de transition de forme, le paradigme nucléaire change entre la goutte liquide vibrationnelle et le rotor statique. Sauf quelques exceptions, les noyaux de ces régions sont radioactifs, avec des demi-vies qui chutent dans les millisecondes. Complémentaires aux propriétés des états excités à basse énergie, les énergies de liaison et les rayons de charge nucléaires sont parmi les observables les plus sensibles à ces changements de structure nucléaire. Dans ce travail, une étude du phénomène de transition de forme est effectuée, par des mesures de nucléides radioactifs produits dans le laboratoire ISOLDE au CERN. Les masses des isotopes de rubidium riches en neutrons 98-100Rb et des isotopes d’or riches en protons 180,185,188,190,191Au sont mesurées avec le spectromètre de masse de type Penning ISOLTRAP. La masse de 100Rb est déterminée pour la première fois. Des déviations significatives par rapport à la littérature sont trouvées pour les isotopes 188,190Au. Une nouvelle méthode expérimentale est présentée, utilisant un spectromètre de masse à multi-réflexion comme analyseur de faisceau pour la spectroscopie laser d’ionisation résonante. La nouvelle méthode donne la possibilité d’effectuer des études de structure hyperfine atomique avec ISOLTRAP, dont on peut extraire les rayons de charge et les moments électromagnétiques nucléairesThe most complex nuclei are situated between the magic and the mid-shell ones, in regions known for sudden changes of the trends of nuclear observables. These are the so-called shape-transition regions, where the nuclear paradigm changes from the vibrational liquid drop to the static rotor. With few exceptions, nuclei in these regions are radioactive, with half-lives dropping into the millisecond range.Complementing the information obtained from the low-lying excitation spectrum, nuclear binding energies and mean-square charge radii are among the observables most sensitive to these changes of nuclear structure. In the present work, a study of the shape-transition phenomenon is performed by measurements of radioactive nuclides produced by the ISOLDE facility at CERN. The masses of the neutron-rich rubidium isotopes 98−100Rb and of the neutron-deficient gold isotopes 180,185,188,190,191Au are determined using the Penning-trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP. The mass of 100Rb is determined for the first time. Significant deviations from the literature values are found for the isotopes 188,190Au. A new experimental method is presented, using a recently developed multi-reflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer as a beam-analysis tool for resonance-ionization laser spectroscopy. The new method opens the path to measurements of atomic hyperfine spectra with ISOLTRAP, from which charge radii and electromagnetic moments of radioactive nuclides can be extracted. The properties of the studied nuclides map the borders of two prominent regions of quadrupole deformation, which constrain the fine balance between pairing and quadrupole correlations in the nuclear ground states. This balance is studied by the Hartree-Fock- Bogoliubov (HFB) approach. The sensitivity of the shape-transition phenomenon to the strength of pairing correlations is demonstrated. In particular, the strong odd-even staggering of charge radii in the mercury isotopic chain is shown to result in the HFB approach from the fine interplay between pairing, quadrupole correlations and quasi-particle blocking
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Faust, Max. « Menstruation Regulation : A Feminist Critique of Menstrual Product Brands on Instagram ». Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/576.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Much research about advertisements for menstrual products reveals the ways in which such advertising perpetuates shame and reinforces unrealistic ideals of femininity and womanhood. This study aims to examine the content of Instagram posts by four different menstrual product brands in hopes of understanding how these functions may or may not be carried out by social media posts by these brands as well. Building on the body of research about menstrual shame and advertising, I specifically ask: How do the Instagram pages for four menstrual product brands dissuade individuality; how do they prescribe femininity; and how do these functions differ across brands? From a liberal feminist perspective, the examined media exhibits some signs of progress—such as better racial representation—but overall maintains the status quo as to who should be using which products, what womanhood means, and what menstruation entails. These findings indicate that within menstrual product advertising, harmful gender, ability, race, class, and wealth stereotypes continue. Further research of a broader scope is needed to investigate changes on a larger scale, such as within advertising on other platforms and by more brands.
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Dupas, Germaine. « Etude structurale du kerogene de schistes bitumineux : gisement du maroc ». Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2279.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Le kerogene des schistes bitumineux de timahdit (maroc) a ete analyse, a cause de son insolubilite, par oxydation permanganique qui a donne un rendement de 95% base sur le kerogene initial. L'analyse detaillee par gc-ms montre qu'une partie des structures aromatiques est incorporee dans la matrice du kerogene. De plus on a effectue une hydrolyse et une transalkylation qui permettent un rendement de solubilisation de 85% du kerogene et apportent des informations sur la nature et la substitution des unites aromatiques du kerogene
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Laubscher, Sydney. « MANGANESE UPTAKE IN RED MAPLE TREES IN RESPONSE TO MINERAL DISSOLUTION RATES IN SOIL ». Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1574431912056187.
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SILVA, Veralúcia Severina da. « Transferência de calor e massa em materiais com forma complexa via método da análise concentrada. Estudo de caso : secagem de materiais cerâmicos ». Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2016. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/930.
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VERALÚCIA SEVERINA DA SILVA – TESE (PPGEP) 2016.pdf: 6421802 bytes, checksum: 9b42464393ac9c935bb0b5026ad45fc2 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T21:47:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VERALÚCIA SEVERINA DA SILVA – TESE (PPGEP) 2016.pdf: 6421802 bytes, checksum: 9b42464393ac9c935bb0b5026ad45fc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-01
A secagem é um processo termodinâmico, em que há transferência simultânea de calor e a remoção da umidade de um material poroso. Os produtos argilosos quando expostos a uma secagem sem controle pode sofrer fissuras e deformações, reduzindo sua qualidade póssecagem. Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar teórico e experimentalmente a transferência de calor e massa em sólidos com forma complexa com, com ênfase a secagem de materiais cerâmicos argilosos. Neste trabalho desenvolveu-se um modelo matemático para descrever as trocas de calor e massa durante o processo de secagem, utilizando o método da capacitância global em corpos vazados. A solução analítica das equações governantes foi feita usando o método de separação de variáveis. Foram realizados experimentos de caracterização química e terrmo-hídrica da argila, e secagem de materiais cerâmicos argilosos vazados e com formas não-convencionais, em diferentes temperaturas (60, 70, 80, 90 e 100ºC). Resultados da composição química e granulometria da argila, e cinéticos de perda de massa e aquecimento das peças cerâmicas são apresentados e analisados. Verificou-se que o processo de perda de umidade ocorre a uma velocidade mais baixa do que o aquecimento do material cerâmico, que a temperatura e forma do corpo afetam fortemente os fenômenos de transporte de calor e massa, que a secagem a baixa temperatura favorece a redução de problemas no material pós secagem e melhoramento na qualidade final, e que os números de Biot de transferência de calor e de massa influenciam diretamente no tempo que o produto atinge sua condição de equilíbrio. A comparação entre o teor de umidade e temperatura preditos pelo modelo matemático proposto e os dados experimentais permitiu a estimativa dos coeficientes de transferência de massa e calor na superfície do material, com boa precisão.
Drying is a thermodynamic process, in which there is simultaneous heat transfer and moisture removal of a porous material. Clay products exposed to drying without control may suffer cracks and deformations, reducing its quality post-drying. This work aims to study theoretical and experimental the drying of solids with complex shape. It was developed a mathematical model to describe heat and mass transfer during the drying process, using the global capacitance method of hollow bodies. The analytical solution of the governing equations was made using the variable separation method. It were realized experiments of chemical and thermo-hydric characterization of clay, and drying of hollow and non-conventional clay ceramic materials at different emperatures (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100ºC). Results of the chemical composition and granulometry, and mass loss and heating of ceramic parts are presented and analyzed. It was verified that the moisture loss process occurs at a lower velocity than the heating of the ceramic material, the temperature and body shape strongly affect heat and mass transport phenomena, drying at low temperature favors the reduction of the problems in the material post-drying and improvement in the final quality, and that Biot numbers of heat and mass transfer directly affect the time to the product to reach its equilibrium condition. Comparison between predicted and experimental moisture content and temperature permitted estimative of the convective heat and mass transfer coefficients at the surface of the material, with good precision.
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Provenzano, Luigi. « On mass distribution and concentration phenomena for linear elliptic partial differential operators ». Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424499.
Texte intégralRésumé :
In this thesis we study the dependence of the eigenvalues of elliptic partial differential operators upon mass density perturbations on open subsets of the N-dimensional euclidean space. We prove continuity and analyticity results for the eigenvalues of poly-harmonic operators and apply them
to certain optimization problems. In order to prove analyticity, we use a general technique of P.D. Lamberti and M. Lanza de Cristoforis, and we obtain formulas for the Frechet differentials of the eigenvalues which are used to characterize critical mass densities under the constraint that the total mass is preserved. Then we state a sort of `maximum principle' in spectral optimization problems for elliptic operators subject to mass density perturbations.
Moreover, we consider a special class of densities, namely densities which concentrate near the boundary of open subsets of the N-dimensional euclidean space. We study the asymptotic behavior of the eigenvalues of Neumann-type problems for the Laplace and the biharmonic operator. By
adapting a general technique of J.M. Arrieta, we prove that the Neumann eigenvalues converge to the appropriate limiting Steklov eigenvalues. In this way, we formulate a genuine Steklov eigenvalue problem for the biharmonic
operator. In the case of the Laplace operator we prove the validity of an asymptotic expansion of the Neumann eigenvalues and eigenfunctions and
provide formulas for the first terms in the expansions. We adapt to our case asymptotic analysis techniques used by M.E. Perez and S.A. Nazarov to describe vibrating systems with masses concentrated at points or along
curves. Moreover, we consider the problem of domain perturbations for the biharmonic Steklov problem obtained with this mass concentration procedure
and prove that balls are critical domains for all the eigenvalues. Then we adapt the arguments of F. Brock and R. Weinstock to prove that the ball is actually a maximizer for the rst positive eigenvalue among bounded
domains of given measure. Moreover, we provide a quantitative version of such an isoperimetric inequality, showing also that it is sharp.In questa tesi studiamo la dipendenza degli autovalori di operatori differenziali alle derivate parziali di tipo ellittico da perturbazioni della densità di massa su aperti dello spazio euclideo N-dimensionale. In particolare, proviamo risultati di dipendenza continua e analitica degli autovalori di operatori poliarmonici e li applichiamo ad alcuni problemi di ottimizzazione. Per provare i risultati di analiticità, adoperiamo una tecnica generale sviluppata da P.D. Lamberti e M. Lanza de Cristoforis, ottenendo formule per i differenziali di Frechet degli autovalori che ci permettono di caratterizzare le densità critiche sotto il vincolo di massa fissata. Inoltre, enunciamo un `principio di massimo' per la classe di problemi di ottimizzazione considerata. In seguito, prendiamo in esame una famiglia particolare di densità di massa, ovvero densità che si concentrano al bordo degli aperti dove i problemi differenziali sono definiti. In questo caso, studiamo il comportamento asintotico degli autovalori e delle autofunzioni dei problemi di Neumann per l'operatore di Laplace e l'operatore biarmonico quando la massa si concentra al bordo. Proviamo in entrambi i casi, adattando una tecnica generale sviluppata da J.M. Arrieta, che gli autovalori e le autofunzioni del problema di Neumann convergono agli autovalori e alle autofunzioni di appropriati problemi limite di tipo Steklov. In particolare, il problema di tipo Steklov per l'operatore biarmonico così formulato viene introdotto per la prima volta in questa tesi, dove ne vengono poi studiate alcune proprietà. Nel caso dell'operatore di Laplace, proviamo la validità di un'espansione asintotica degli autovalori e delle autofunzioni del problema di Neumann fino al primo ordine ed otteniamo formule esplicite per i primi termini delle espansioni. Per ottenere questi risultati adattiamo al nostro problema delle tecniche di analisi asintotica utilizzate da M.E. Perez e S.A. Nazarov per lo studio di sistemi vibranti con masse concentrate in punti o lungo certe curve. Per quanto riguarda il problema di Steklov per l'operatore biarmonico, consideriamo anche il problema della dipendenza degli autovalori dal dominio. Utilizzando sempre la tecnica generale sviluppata da P.D. Lamberti e M. Lanza de Cristoforis, proviamo che le palle sono domini critici per tutti gli autovalori. Inoltre, adattando l'argomento di F. Brock e R.Weinstock per il problema di Steklov per l'operatore di Laplace, riusciamo a mostrare che la palla massimizza il primo autovalore positivo del problema di Steklov per l'operatore biarmonico tra tutti gli aperti limitati di misura fissata. Proviamo infine una versione quantitativa di questa disuguaglianza isoperimetrica, mostrando poi che l'esponente che compare nella disuguaglianza è ottimale.
41
Akbar, Muhammad Khalid. « Transport Phenomena in Complex Two and Three-Phase Flow Systems ». Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4897.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Two and three-phase flow processes involving gas, liquid and solid, are common in nature and industry, and include some of the most complex and poorly-understood transport problems. In this research hydrodynamics, heat and mass transfer processes in complex two and three-phase flows were investigated. The interfacial surface area concentration in a short vertical column subject to the through flow of fiber-liquid-gas slurry was experimentally measured using the gas absorption technique. The experimental data were statistically analyzed for parametric effects, and were empirically correlated. The absorption of a gaseous species by a slurry droplet with internal circulation and containing reactive micro-particles was simulated, and parametrically studied. The micro-particles were found to enhance the absorption rate. The absorption rate was sensitive to droplet recirculation, and shrinkage of particles with time resulted in declining absorption rates. The transport of soot particles, suspended in laminar hot gas flowing in a tube, was modeled and parametrically studied. Due to coupled thermal radiation and thermophoresis, a radially-nonuniform temperature profile develops, leading to sharp, non-uniform radial soot-concentration profiles. The assumption of monodisperse particles leads to over-prediction of thermophoresis. The transport and removal of particles suspended in bubbles rising in a stagnant liquid pool were modeled based on a Eulerian – Monte Carlo method. The bubble hydrodynamics were treated in Eulerian frame, using the Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) technique, while particle equations of motion were numerically solved in Lagrangian frame. The bubbles undergo shape change, and have complex internal circulation, all of which influence the particle removal. Model predictions were also compared with experimental data. Using a resemblance between two-phase flow in microchannels, and in large channels at microgravity, a simple Weber number-based two-phase flow regime map was developed for microchannels. Based on the available air-water experimental data, a criterion for the prediction of conditions that lead to flow regime transition out of the stratified-wavy flow pattern in horizontal annular channels was proposed. The thermocapillary effects on liquid-vapor interface shape during heterogeneous bubble ebullition in microchannels were analytically studied.
42
Meunier-Christmann, Claude. « Geochimie organique de phosphates et schistes bitumineux marocains : etude du processus de phosphatogenese ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13200.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Etude comparative de la fraction lipidique de sediments phosphates de la region des oulad abdoum (maroc) et de schistes bitumineux de la region de timahdite afin de comprendre le processus de phosphatogenese. L'analyse des hydrocarbures satures, insatures et aromatiques et des acides montre l'importance des marqueurs steroides et hopanoides caracteristiques d'une forte activite phytoplanctonique et bacterienne. On montre l'immaturite generale de la matiere organique. On montre que la matiere organique des phosphates est pauvre en composes fonctionnalises par rapport a celle des schistes bitumineux. On l'explique par une activite microbienne prolongee ou par un passage en milieu moins reducteur. Des nouveaux marqueurs biologiques sont identifies: les dammar 13(17)-enes 20r et 20s, le biphytane diacide et une serie de thiophenes acides
43
Schwartz, Jean-Luc. « Représentations auditives de spectres vocaliques ». Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0086.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Ce travail se compose en trois parties. La premiere partie est consacree aux techniques d'estimation par masquage des caracteristiques quantitatives des representations auditives "peripheriques". La deuxieme partie traite de l'etude des traitements auditifs des spectres vocaliques. Dans la troisieme partie les auteurs abordent l'etude des systemes vocaliques en proposant ce que pourrait etre une "theorie des formes et de la stabilite" a la lumiere de la theorie de l'integration spectrale e large bande, avec les concepts de stabilite intrinseques et extrinseques, et en essayant d'inscrire cette theorie dans un systeme general des systemes vocaliques
44
Perakis, Nikolaos. « Separation et detection selective des composes soufres dans les fractions lourdes des petroles : geochimie des benzo (b) thiophenes ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13093.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Analyse et dosage des composes soufres presents dans une coupe lourde du petrole aramco 90 par chromatographie gazeuse avec detection soit par photometrie de flamme soit par spectrometrie de masse haute resolution. Etude comparative des methodes d'analyse. Etude des composes soufres dans des echantillons de petrole de rozel point et de schiste bitumineux de timahdit grace a l'identification par synthese de nouvelles familles d'alkylbenzo (b) thiophenes
45
Domange, Jocelyn. « Étude et exploitation de bolomètres de nouvelle génération à électrodes concentriques pour la recherche de matière noire froide non-baryonique dans l’expérience Edelweiss II ». Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112169/document.
Texte intégralRésumé :
EDELWEISS est une expérience de détection directe de matière noire froide non-baryonique sous forme de particules massives et faiblement interagissantes (connues sous l'acronyme de WIMPs), qui constituent actuellement les candidats les plus populaires pour rendre compte de la masse manquante de l'Univers. Dans ce but, EDELWEISS utilise des bolomètres de germanium opérés à température cryogénique (20 mK environ) dans le Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM) à la frontière franco-italienne. En particulier, depuis 2008, un nouveau type de détecteur est en fonctionnement, équipé d'électrodes concentriques pour optimiser le rejet des évènements de surface (détecteurs à grilles coplanaires). Cette thèse se décompose en plusieurs axes de recherche. Tout d'abord, nous avons réalisé des mesures concernant la collecte des charges dans les cristaux. Les lois de vitesse des porteurs (électrons et trous) ont été déterminées dans le germanium à 20 mK dans la direction <100>, et une étude complète de la répartition des charges a été menée, avec une évaluation de l'anisotropie du transport et de la diffusion transverse des porteurs. Ces résultats permettent d'avoir une meilleure compréhension du fonctionnement interne des détecteurs d'Edelweiss. Ensuite, des études portant sur l'amélioration des performances ont été effectuées. Nous avons en particulier permis d'optimiser la procédure de régénération des cristaux et améliorer le rejet passif des évènements de surface (β). Le volume utile de détection des détecteurs a été évalué en utilisant les raies de deux radio-isotopes activés cosmiquement, le 68Ge et le 65Zn. Enfin, une étude exhaustive portant sur l'étude des spectres à basse énergie a été menée, ce qui permet de mettre au point une méthode d'analyse systématique pour la recherche de WIMPs de basse masse dans EDELWEISSEDELWEISS is a direct non-baryonic cold dark matter detection experiment in the form of weakly interacting massive particles (also known as WIMPs), which currently constitute the most popular candidates to account for the missing mass in the Universe. To this purpose, EDELWEISS uses germanium bolometers at cryogenic temperature (20 mK approximately) in the Underground Laboratory of Modane (LSM) at the French-Italian border. Since 2008, a new type of detector is operated, equipped with concentric electrodes to optimize the rejection of surface events (coplanar-grid detectors). This thesis work is divided into several research orientations. First, we carried out measurements concerning charge collection in the crystals. The velocity laws of the carriers (electrons and holes) have been determined in germanium at 20 mK in the <100> orientation, and a complete study of charge sharing has been done, including an evaluation of the transport anisotropy and of the straggling of the carriers. These results lead to a better understanding of the inner properties of the EDELWEISS detectors. Then, studies relating to the improvement of the performances were carried out. In particular, we have optimized the space-charge cancellation procedure in the crystals and improved the passive rejection of surface events (β). The fiducial volume of the detectors has been evaluated using two X-ray lines from cosmically activated radionuclides: 68Ge and 65Zn. Lastly, an exhaustive study of the low energy spectra has been carried out, which makes it possible to develop a systematic analysis method for the search of low-mass WIMPs in EDELWEISS
46
Hýl, Petr. « Slovinské národní divadlo v Lublani ». Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta architektury, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-215582.
Texte intégral
47
Ren, Jing. « Shape Matching and Map Space Exploration via Functional Maps ». Diss., 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10754/670353.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Computing correspondences or maps between shapes is one of the oldest problems in
Computer Graphics and Geometry Processing with a wide range of applications from
deformation transfer, statistical shape analysis, to co-segmentation and exploration among
a myriad others. A good map is supposed to be continuous, as-bijective-as-possible, accurate
if there are ground-truth corresponding landmarks given, and lowdistortionw.r.t.
different measures, for example as-conformal-as-possible to preserve the angles. This
thesis contributes to the area of non-rigid shape matching and map space exploration
in Geometry Processing. Specifically, we consider the discrete setting, where the shapes
are discretized as amesh structure consisting of vertices, edges, and polygonal faces. In
the simplest case, we only consider the graph structure with vertices and edges only.
In this thesis, we design algorithms to compute soft correspondences between discrete
shapes. Specifically, (1)we propose different regularizers, including orientation-preserving
operator and the Resolvent Laplacian Commutativity operator, to promote the shape
correspondences in the functional map framework. (2) We propose two refinement
methods, namely BCICP and ZoomOut, to improve the accuracy, continuity, bijectivity
and the coverage of given point-wisemaps. (3)We propose a tree structure and an enumeration
algorithm to explore the map space between a pair of shapes that can update
multiple high-quality dense correspondences.
48
Silson, E. H., Declan J. McKeefry, J. Rodgers, A. D. Gouws, M. Hymers et A. B. Morland. « Specialized and independent processing of orientation and shape in visual field maps LO1 and LO2 ». 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6191.
Texte intégralRésumé :
We identified human visual field maps, LO1 and LO2, in object-selective lateral occipital cortex. Using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we assessed the functions of these maps in the perception of orientation and shape. TMS of LO1 disrupted orientation, but not shape, discrimination, whereas TMS of LO2 disrupted shape, but not orientation, discrimination. This double dissociation suggests that specialized and independent processing of different visual attributes occurs in LO1 and LO2.
49
Wells, Rachel Kristen. « Microstructures and Rheology of a Limestone-Shale Thrust Fault ». 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8835.
Texte intégralRésumé :
The Copper Creek thrust fault in the southern Appalachians places Cambrian
over Ordovician sedimentary strata. The fault accommodated displacement of 15-20 km
at 100-180 °C. Along the hanging wall-footwall contact, microstructures within a ~2 cm
thick calcite and shale shear zone suggest that calcite, not shale, controlled the rheology
of the shear zone rocks. While shale deformed brittley, plasticity-induced fracturing in
calcite resulted in ultrafine-grained (<1.0 μm) fault rocks that deformed by grain
boundary sliding (GBS) accommodated primarily by diffusion creep, suggesting low
flow stresses.
Optical and electron microscopy of samples from a transect across the footwall
shale into the shear zone, shows the evolution of rheology within the shear zone.
Sedimentary laminations 1 cm below the shear zone are cut by minor faults, stylolites,
and fault-parallel and perpendicular calcite veins. At vein intersections, calcite grain
size is reduced (to ~0.3 μm), and microstructures include inter-and-intragranular
fractures, four-grain junctions, and interpenetrating boundaries. Porosity rises to 6 percent
from <1 percent in coarse (25 μm) areas of calcite veins. In coarse-grained calcite, trails of voids follow twin boundaries, and voids occur at twin-twin and twin-grain boundary
intersections.
At the shear zone-footwall contact, a 350 μm thick calcite band contains coarseand
ultrafine-grained layers. Ultrafine-grained (~0.34 μm) layers contain
microstructures similar to those at vein intersections in the footwall and display no
lattice-preferred orientation (LPO). Coarse-grained layers cross-cut grain-boundary
alignments in the ultrafine-grained layers; coarse grains display twins and a strong LPO.
Within the shear zone, ultrafine-grained calcite-aggregate clasts and shale clasts (5-350
μm) lie within an ultrafine-grained calcite (<0.31 μm) and shale matrix. Ultrafinegrained
calcite (<0.31 μm) forms an interconnected network around the matrix shale.
Calcite vein microstructures suggest veins continued to form during deformation.
Fractures at twin-twin and twin-grain boundary intersections suggest grain size reduction
by plasticity-induced fracturing, resulting in <1 μm grains. Interpenetrating boundaries,
four-grain junctions, and no LPO indicate the ultrafine-grained calcite deformed by
viscous grain boundary sliding. The evolution of the ultrafine-grain shear zone rocks by
a combination of plastic and brittle processes and the deformation of the interconnected
network of ultrafine-grained calcite by viscous GBS enabled a large displacement along
a narrow fault zone.
50
Büchsenschütz, Kai. « Struktur und räumlich-zeitliches Expressionsverhalten von Kaliumkanälen bei Zea mays ». Doctoral thesis, 2005. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:bvb:20-opus-17522.
Texte intégralRésumé :
Bei Zea mays wurden neue Kaliumkanäle der Shaker-Familie isoliert, charakterisiert und zusammen mit bereits bekannten Vertretern dieser Familie hinsichtlich möglicher Aufgaben und Interaktionen untersuchtNew potassium channels of Zea mays that belong to the Shaker-family were isolated and characterized. Their partial role and interaction with other channel members of the same family was focused on